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Xia F, Cui P, Liu L, Chen J, Zhou Q, Wang Q, Zhou H. Quantification of gut microbiome metabolites using chemical isotope derivatization strategy combined with LC-MS/MS: Application in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy rat model. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 248:116312. [PMID: 38908236 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.116312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
The gut microbiome plays pivotal roles in various physiological and pathological processes, with key metabolites including short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), bile acids (BAs), and tryptophan (TRP) derivatives gaining significant attention for their diverse physiological roles. However, quantifying these metabolites presents challenges due to structural similarity, low abundance, and inherent technical limitations in traditional detection methods. In this study, we developed a precise and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method utilizing a chemical isotope derivatization technique employing 4-(aminomethyl)-N,N-dimethylaniline-d0/d6 (4-AND-d0/d6) reagents to quantify 37 typical gut microbiome-derived metabolites. This method achieved an impressive 1500-fold enhancement in sensitivity for detecting metabolites, compared to methods using non-derivatized, intact molecules. Moreover, the quantitative accuracy of our chemical isotope derivatization strategy proved comparable to the stable isotope labeled internal standards (SIL-IS) method. Subsequently, we successfully applied this newly developed method to quantify target metabolites in plasma, brain, and fecal samples obtained from a neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) rat model. The aim was to identify crucial metabolites associated with the progression of HIE. Overall, our sensitive and reliable quantification method holds promise in elucidating the role of gut microbiome metabolites in the pathogenesis of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangbo Xia
- Microbiome Medicine Centre, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China.
| | - Peng Cui
- Microbiome Medicine Centre, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Microbiome Medicine Centre, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China
| | - Junhe Chen
- Microbiome Medicine Centre, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China
| | - Qiqi Zhou
- Microbiome Medicine Centre, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Microbiome Medicine Centre, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China.
| | - Hongwei Zhou
- Microbiome Medicine Centre, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China.
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2
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Jankech T, Gerhardtova I, Majerova P, Piestansky J, Fialova L, Jampilek J, Kovac A. A Novel RP-UHPLC-MS/MS Approach for the Determination of Tryptophan Metabolites Derivatized with 2-Bromo-4'-Nitroacetophenone. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1003. [PMID: 38790965 PMCID: PMC11117999 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12051003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Many biologically active metabolites of the essential amino acid L-tryptophan (Trp) are associated with different neurodegenerative diseases and neurological disorders. Precise and reliable methods for their determination are needed. Variability in their physicochemical properties makes the analytical process challenging. In this case, chemical modification of analyte derivatization could come into play. Here, we introduce a novel fast reversed-phase ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-UHPLC) coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) method for the determination of Trp and its ten metabolites in human plasma samples after derivatization with 2-bromo-4'-nitroacetophenone (BNAP). The derivatization procedure was optimized in terms of incubation time, temperature, concentration, and volume of the derivatization reagent. Method development comprises a choice of a suitable stationary phase, mobile phase composition, and gradient elution optimization. The developed method was validated according to the ICH guidelines. Results of all validation parameters were within the acceptance criteria of the guideline, i.e., intra- and inter-day precision (expressed as relative standard deviation; RSD) were in the range of 0.5-8.2% and 2.3-7.4%, accuracy was in the range of 93.3-109.7% and 94.7-110.1%, limits of detection (LODs) were in the range of 0.15-9.43 ng/mL, coefficients of determination (R2) were higher than 0.9906, and carryovers were, in all cases, less than 8.8%. The practicability of the method was evaluated using the blue applicability grade index (BAGI) with a score of 65. Finally, the developed method was used for the analysis of Alzheimer's disease and healthy control plasma to prove its applicability. Statistical analysis revealed significant changes in picolinic acid (PA), anthranilic acid (AA), 5 hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid (5-OH IAA), and quinolinic acid (QA) concentration levels. This could serve as the basis for future studies that will be conducted with a large cohort of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timotej Jankech
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 845 10 Bratislava, Slovakia; (T.J.); (I.G.); (P.M.); (J.P.); (L.F.)
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University Bratislava, Ilkovicova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ivana Gerhardtova
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 845 10 Bratislava, Slovakia; (T.J.); (I.G.); (P.M.); (J.P.); (L.F.)
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University Bratislava, Ilkovicova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Petra Majerova
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 845 10 Bratislava, Slovakia; (T.J.); (I.G.); (P.M.); (J.P.); (L.F.)
| | - Juraj Piestansky
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 845 10 Bratislava, Slovakia; (T.J.); (I.G.); (P.M.); (J.P.); (L.F.)
- Department of Galenic Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Odbojarov 10, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lubica Fialova
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 845 10 Bratislava, Slovakia; (T.J.); (I.G.); (P.M.); (J.P.); (L.F.)
| | - Josef Jampilek
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 845 10 Bratislava, Slovakia; (T.J.); (I.G.); (P.M.); (J.P.); (L.F.)
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University Bratislava, Ilkovicova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Andrej Kovac
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 845 10 Bratislava, Slovakia; (T.J.); (I.G.); (P.M.); (J.P.); (L.F.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Komenského 68/73, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia
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3
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Guan Q, Zeng P, Zhang Q, Yu L, Wu G, Hong Y, Wang C. Highly sensitive detection of tryptophan based on Schiff base reaction and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 311:123995. [PMID: 38341934 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.123995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
In this study, a simple, rapid and sensitive method combining surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and Schiff base reaction was developed for the detection of tryptophan. This method does not require product separation to obtain a significant Raman signal of the derivatized product, and the derivatization reaction can be controlled by experimental parameters such as reaction temperature, time, concentration of derivatization reagent and concentration of sodium nitrite. The characteristic peak of the derivative of tryptophan (1620 cm-1) was selected for quantitative analysis, and the intensity of the characteristic Raman spectrum peak showed a linear relationship with the concentration of tryptophan (10-8-10-4 mol/L) in the range of with a correlation coefficient R2 of 0.9922. This assay combines surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and Schiff base reaction, which is characterized by high sensitivity and easy operation, and has good application prospects in the detection of tryptophan in food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Guan
- School of Food Science & Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Zeng
- School of Food Science & Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, People's Republic of China; Technology Center of Nanchang Customs District, Nanchang 330038, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- School of Food Science & Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Yu
- School of Food Science & Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqiang Wu
- School of Food Science & Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanping Hong
- School of Food Science & Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunrong Wang
- School of Food Science & Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, People's Republic of China.
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Del Sole R, Stomeo T, Mergola L. Disposable Molecularly Imprinted Polymer-Modified Screen-Printed Electrodes for Rapid Electrochemical Detection of l-Kynurenine in Human Urine. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 16:3. [PMID: 38201667 PMCID: PMC10780426 DOI: 10.3390/polym16010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
l-Kynurenine (l-Kyn) is an endogenous metabolite produced in the catabolic route of l-Tryptophan (l-Trp), and it is a potential biomarker of several immunological disorders. Thus, the development of a fast and cheap technology for the specific detection of l-Kyn in biological fluids is of great relevance, especially considering its recent correlation with SARS-CoV-2 disease progression. Herein, a disposable screen-printed electrode based on a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) has been constructed: the o-Phenylenediamine monomer, in the presence of l-Kyn as a template with a molar ratio of monomer/template of 1/4, has been electropolymerized on the surface of a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE). The optimized kyn-MIP-SPCE has been characterized via cyclic voltammetry (CV), using [Fe(CN)6)]3-/4- as a redox probe and a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) technique. After the optimization of various experimental parameters, such as the number of CV electropolymerization cycles, urine pretreatment, electrochemical measurement method and incubation period, l-Kyn has been detected in standard solutions via square wave voltammetry (SWV) with a linear range between 10 and 100 μM (R2 = 0.9924). The MIP-SPCE device allowed l-Kyn detection in human urine in a linear range of 10-1000 μM (R2 = 0.9902) with LOD and LOQ values of 1.5 and 5 µM, respectively. Finally, a high selectivity factor α (5.1) was calculated for l-Kyn toward l-Trp. Moreover, the Imprinting Factor obtained for l-Kyn was about seventeen times higher than the IF calculated for l-Trp. The developed disposable sensing system demonstrated its potential application in the biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Del Sole
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Via per Monteroni Km 1, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
| | - Tiziana Stomeo
- Center for Bio-Molecular Nanotechnology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Barsanti 14, 73010 Arnesano, Italy;
| | - Lucia Mergola
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Via per Monteroni Km 1, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
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Metri NJ, Butt AS, Murali A, Steiner-Lim GZ, Lim CK. Normative Data on Serum and Plasma Tryptophan and Kynurenine Concentrations from 8089 Individuals Across 120 Studies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Tryptophan Res 2023; 16:11786469231211184. [PMID: 38034059 PMCID: PMC10687991 DOI: 10.1177/11786469231211184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In this systematic review and meta-analysis, a normative dataset is generated from the published literature on the kynurenine pathway in control participants extracted from case-control and methodological validation studies. Study characteristics were mapped, and studies were evaluated in terms of analytical rigour and methodological validation. Meta-analyses of variance between types of instruments, sample matrices and metabolites were conducted. Regression analyses were applied to determine the relationship between metabolite, sample matrix, biological sex, participant age and study age. The grand mean concentrations of tryptophan in the serum and plasma were 60.52 ± 15.38 μM and 51.45 ± 10.47 μM, respectively. The grand mean concentrations of kynurenine in the serum and plasma were 1.96 ± 0.51 μM and 1.82 ± 0.54 μM, respectively. Regional differences in metabolite concentrations were observed across America, Asia, Australia, Europe and the Middle East. Of the total variance within the data, mode of detection (MOD) accounted for up to 2.96%, sample matrix up to 3.23%, and their interaction explained up to 1.53%; the latter of which was determined to be negligible. This review was intended to inform future empirical research and method development studies and successfully synthesised pilot data. The pilot data reported in this study will inform future precision medicine initiatives aimed at targeting the kynurenine pathway by improving the availability and quality of normative data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najwa-Joelle Metri
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Ali S Butt
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Ava Murali
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW, Australia
| | - Genevieve Z Steiner-Lim
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
- Translational Health Research Institute (THRI), Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Chai K Lim
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW, Australia
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Sadok I, Jędruchniewicz K. Dietary Kynurenine Pathway Metabolites-Source, Fate, and Chromatographic Determinations. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16304. [PMID: 38003492 PMCID: PMC10671297 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Tryptophan metabolism plays an essential role in human health. In mammals, about 95% of dietary tryptophan is metabolized through the kynurenine pathway, which is associated with the development of several pathologies, including neurodegeneration. Some of the kynurenine pathway metabolites are agonists of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor involved in metabolic functions, inflammation, and carcinogenesis. Thus, their origins, fates, and roles are of widespread interest. Except for being produced endogenously, these metabolites can originate from exogenous sources (e.g., food) and undergo absorption in the digestive tract. Recently, a special focus on exogenous sources of tryptophan metabolites was observed. This overview summarizes current knowledge about the occurrence of the kynurenine pathway metabolites (kynurenines) in food and the analytical method utilized for their determination in different food matrices. Special attention was paid to sample preparation and chromatographic analysis, which has proven to be a core technique for the detection and quantification of kynurenines. A discussion of the fate and role of dietary kynurenines has also been addressed. This review will, hopefully, guide further studies on the impact of dietary kynurenines on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Sadok
- Laboratory of Separation and Spectroscopic Method Applications, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, 20-708 Lublin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Jędruchniewicz
- Laboratory of Separation and Spectroscopic Method Applications, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, 20-708 Lublin, Poland;
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Sobolev PD, Burnakova NA, Beloborodova NV, Revelsky AI, Pautova AK. Analysis of 4-Hydroxyphenyllactic Acid and Other Diagnostically Important Metabolites of α-Amino Acids in Human Blood Serum Using a Validated and Sensitive Ultra-High-Pressure Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method. Metabolites 2023; 13:1128. [PMID: 37999224 PMCID: PMC10673366 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13111128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The profile of and dynamic concentration changes in tyrosine, phenylalanine, and tryptophan metabolites in blood are of great interest since they could be considered potential biomarkers of different disorders. Some aromatic metabolites, such as 4-hydroxyphenyllactic, 4-hydroxyphenylacetic, phenyllactic, and 4-hydroxybenzoic acids have previously demonstrated their diagnostic significance in critically ill patients and patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome. In this study, a sensitive method, including serum protein precipitation with methanol and ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) detection, was developed and validated for six phenyl- and five indole-containing acids in human serum. The liquid-liquid extraction was also examined, but it demonstrated unsatisfactory results based on analyte recoveries and the matrix effect. However, the recoveries for all analytes reached 100% and matrix effects were not observed using protein precipitation. This made it possible to use deionized water as a blank matrix. The lower limits of quantitation (LLOQs) were from 0.02 to 0.25 μmol/L. The validated method was used for the analysis of serum samples of healthy volunteers (n = 48) to reveal the reference values of the target analytes. The concentrations of the most clinically significant metabolite 4-hydroxyphenyllactic acid, which were revealed using UPLC-MS/MS and a previously developed gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method, were completely comparable. The proposed UPLC-MS/MS protocol can be used in the routine clinical practice of medical centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel D. Sobolev
- Exacte Labs Bioanalytical Laboratory, 20-2 Nauchny Proezd, 117246 Moscow, Russia; (P.D.S.); (N.A.B.)
| | - Natalia A. Burnakova
- Exacte Labs Bioanalytical Laboratory, 20-2 Nauchny Proezd, 117246 Moscow, Russia; (P.D.S.); (N.A.B.)
| | - Natalia V. Beloborodova
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, 25-2 Petrovka Str., 107031 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Alexander I. Revelsky
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, GSP-1, 1-3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Alisa K. Pautova
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, 25-2 Petrovka Str., 107031 Moscow, Russia;
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Mrštná K, Kujovská Krčmová L, Švec F. Advances in kynurenine analysis. Clin Chim Acta 2023:117441. [PMID: 37321530 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Kynurenine, the first product of tryptophan degradation via the kynurenine pathway, has become one of the most frequently mentioned biomarkers in recent years. Its levels in the body indicate the state of the human physiology. Human serum and plasma are the main matrixes used to evaluate kynurenine levels and liquid chromatography is the dominant technique for its determination. However, their concentrations in blood do not always correspond to the levels in other matrixes obtained from the affected individuals. It is therefore important to decide when it is appropriate to analyse kynurenine in alternative matrices. However, liquid chromatography may not be the best option for the analysis. This review presents alternatives that can be used and summarizes the features that need to be considered prior to kynurenine determination. Possible approaches to kynurenine analysis in a variety of human matrixes, their challenges, and limitations are critically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Mrštná
- The Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203/8, 50005 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; The Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Sokolská 581, 50005 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - L Kujovská Krčmová
- The Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203/8, 50005 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; The Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Sokolská 581, 50005 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - F Švec
- The Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203/8, 50005 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
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Xue C, Gu X, Zheng Q, Shi Q, Yuan X, Chu Q, Jia J, Su Y, Bao Z, Lu J, Li L. Effects of 3-HAA on HCC by Regulating the Heterogeneous Macrophages-A scRNA-Seq Analysis. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2207074. [PMID: 37013458 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202207074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Kynurenine derivative 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (3-HAA) is known to regulate the immune system and exhibit anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting T-cell cytokine secretion and influencing macrophage activity. However, the definite role of 3-HAA in the immunomodulation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is largely unexplored. An orthotopic HCC model and treated with 3-HAA by intraperitoneal injection is developed. Furthermore, cytometry by time-of-flight (CyTOF) and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analyses are carried out to define the immune landscape of HCC. It is found that 3-HAA treatment can significantly suppress tumor growth in the HCC model and alter the level of various cytokines in plasma. CyTOF data shows that 3-HAA significantly increases the percentage of F4/80hi CX3CR1lo Ki67lo MHCIIhi macrophages and decreases the percentage of F4/80lo CD64+ PD-L1lo macrophages. scRNA-seq analyses demonstrate that 3-HAA treatment is proved to regulate the function of M1 macrophages, M2 macrophages, and proliferating macrophages. Notably, 3-HAA inhibits the proinflammatory factors TNF and IL-6 in multiple cell subsets, including resident macrophages, proliferating macrophages, and pDCs. This study reveals the landscape of immune cell subsets in HCC in response to 3-HAA, indicating that 3-HAA may be a promising therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Xue
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Xinyu Gu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Qiuxian Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Qingmiao Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Xin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Qingfei Chu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Junjun Jia
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Yuanshuai Su
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Zhengyi Bao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Juan Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Lanjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
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10
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Visconti G, Boccard J, Feinberg M, Rudaz S. From fundamentals in calibration to modern methodologies: A tutorial for small molecules quantification in liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry bioanalysis. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1240:340711. [PMID: 36641149 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Over the last two decades, liquid chromatography coupled to mass-spectrometry (LC‒MS) has become the gold standard to perform qualitative and quantitative analyses of small molecules. When quantitative analysis is developed, an analyst usually refers to international guidelines for analytical method validation. In this context, the design of calibration curves plays a key role in providing accurate results. During recent years and along with instrumental advances, strategies to build calibration curves have dramatically evolved, introducing innovative approaches to improve quantitative precision and throughput. For example, when a labeled standard is available to be spiked directly into the study sample, the concentration of the unlabeled analog can be easily determined using the isotopic pattern deconvolution or the internal calibration approach, eliminating the need for multipoint calibration curves. This tutorial aims to synthetize the advances in LC‒MS quantitative analysis for small molecules in complex matrices, going from fundamental aspects in calibration to modern methodologies and applications. Different work schemes for calibration depending on the sample characteristics (analyte and matrix nature) are distinguished and discussed. Finally, this tutorial outlines the importance of having international guidelines for analytical method validation that agree with the advances in calibration strategies and analytical instrumentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gioele Visconti
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, CMU - Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, CMU - Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Julien Boccard
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, CMU - Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, CMU - Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Serge Rudaz
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, CMU - Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, CMU - Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland.
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11
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Tian X, Wu Y, Duan C, Zhou X, Li Y, Zheng J, Lai W, Zhang S, Cao L, Zhong S. Tryptophan was metabolized into beneficial metabolites against coronary heart disease or prevented from producing harmful metabolites by the in vitro drug screening model based on Clostridium sporogenes. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1013973. [DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1013973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In our previous study of 2,130 Chinese patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), we found that tryptophan (TRP) metabolites contributed to elevated risks of death. Many TRP-derived metabolites require the participation of intestinal bacteria to produce, and they play an important role in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases such as CHD. So it is necessary to metabolize TRP into beneficial metabolites against CHD or prevent the production of harmful metabolites through external intervention. Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) may be a key point of gut microbiota that causes TRP metabolism disorder and affects major adverse cardiovascular events in CHD. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a method based on in vitro culture bacteria to evaluate the effects of IBA on specific microbial metabolites quickly. We detected the concentrations of TRP and its metabolites in 11 bacterial strains isolated from feces using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry, and selected Clostridium sporogenes as the model strain. Then, IBA was used in our model to explore its effect on TRP metabolism. Results demonstrated that the optimal culture conditions of C. sporogenes were as follows: initial pH, 6.8; culture temperature, 37°C; and inoculum amount, 2%. Furthermore, we found that IBA increases the production of TRP and 5-HIAA by intervening TRP metabolism, and inhibits the production of KYNA. This new bacteria-specific in vitro model provides a flexible, reproducible, and cost-effective tool for identifying harmful agents that can decrease the levels of beneficial TRP metabolites. It will be helpful for researchers when developing innovative strategies for studying gut microbiota.
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12
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Li Q, You Y, Zeng Y, Wang X, Pan Z, Pang J, Chen Q, Zhou Y, Jin Y, Yang Y, Ling W. Associations between plasma tryptophan and indole-3-propionic acid levels and mortality in patients with coronary artery disease. Am J Clin Nutr 2022; 116:1070-1077. [PMID: 35728041 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqac170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Indole-3-propionic acid (IPA), a microbiota-produced tryptophan metabolite, has been shown to exhibit cardioprotective effects in animal models. However, the relation of IPA with cardiovascular risk in humans is currently unknown. OBJECTIVES This prospective study aimed to investigate whether plasma tryptophan and IPA levels are associated with decreased risks of mortality. METHODS Ultra-HPLC-MS/MS was used to measure plasma tryptophan and IPA levels in 1829 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the associations between tryptophan and IPA levels and the risks of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. RESULTS During the median 9.2-year follow-up, 424 all-cause deaths occurred, of which 272 were cardiovascular deaths. Plasma tryptophan and IPA levels were significantly associated with reduced risks of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. Patients with CAD with the highest quartiles of tryptophan and IPA levels had multivariable-adjusted HRs of 0.62 (95% CI, 0.43-0.89) and 0.71 (95% CI, 0.50-0.99), respectively, for cardiovascular mortality and 0.67 (95% CI, 0.50-0.90) and 0.75 (95% CI, 0.57-0.99), respectively, for all-cause mortality compared with those in patients with CAD in the lowest quartile. After multivariable adjustments, 1-SD increases in the continuous plasma tryptophan and IPA levels were associated with 16% and 14% decreases, respectively, in the risks of cardiovascular mortality and with 13% and 14% decreases, respectively, in the risks of all-cause mortality. Restricted cubic splines displayed linear associations between plasma tryptophan and IPA levels and cardiovascular and all-cause mortality among patients with CAD. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that plasma tryptophan and IPA levels are significantly associated with decreased risks of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in patients with CAD. Further studies are needed to determine the clinical diagnostic and therapeutic values of tryptophan and IPA levels on the risks of mortality among patients with CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Li
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yiran You
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yupeng Zeng
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhijun Pan
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Juan Pang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yuqing Zhou
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yufeng Jin
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wenhua Ling
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Nutrition Transformation, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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13
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Yang K, Chen Y, Xiaoqing Z, Zhen Q, Gui W, Ban Y, He Y, Pan S, Ding M. Simultaneous determination of plasma indoles by HPLC with fluorescence detection: Application in polycystic ovary syndrome patients with/without depression. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2022.2124267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Yang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhang Xiaoqing
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qianna Zhen
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenwu Gui
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanna Ban
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yifan He
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shengnan Pan
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Min Ding
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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14
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A Selective and Sensitive LC-MS/MS Method for Quantitation of Indole in Mouse Serum and Tissues. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12080716. [PMID: 36005588 PMCID: PMC9416675 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12080716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Indole is an endogenous substance currently being evaluated as a biomarker for ulcerative colitis, irritable bowel syndrome, Crohn’s disease and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. A novel, selective, and sensitive method using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was developed for quantitation of indole concentrations in mouse plasma and tissues. Samples were prepared by protein precipitation using ice-cold acetonitrile (ACN) followed by injecting the extracted analyte to LC-MS/MS system. Indole was separated using Synergi Fusion C18 (4 µm, 250 × 2.0 mm) column with mobile phase 0.1% aqueous formic acid (A) and methanol (B) using gradient flow with run time 12 min. The mass spectrometer was operated in atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) positive mode at unit resolution in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode, using precursor ion > product ion combinations of 118.1 > 91.1 m/z for indole and 124.15 > 96.1 m/z for internal standard (IS) indole d7. The MS/MS response was linear over the range of indole concentrations (1−500 ng/mL). The validated method was applied for quantitation of indole concentrations range in mouse lungs (4.3−69.4 ng/g), serum (0.8−38.7 ng/mL) and cecum (1043.8−12,124.4 ng/g). This method would help investigate the role of indole as a biomarker and understand its implications in different disease states.
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15
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Xue H, Chen X, Yu C, Deng Y, Zhang Y, Chen S, Chen X, Chen K, Yang Y, Ling W. Gut Microbially Produced Indole-3-Propionic Acid Inhibits Atherosclerosis by Promoting Reverse Cholesterol Transport and Its Deficiency Is Causally Related to Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease. Circ Res 2022; 131:404-420. [PMID: 35893593 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.122.321253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence has shown that disorders in the gut microbiota and derived metabolites affect the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). However, which and how specific gut microbial metabolites contribute to the progression of atherosclerosis and the clinical relevance of their alterations remain unclear. METHODS We performed integrated microbiome-metabolome analysis of 30 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and 30 age- and sex-matched healthy controls to identify CAD-associated microbial metabolites, which were then assessed in an independent population of patients with ASCVD and controls (n=256). We further investigate the effect of CAD-associated microbial metabolites on atherosclerosis and the mechanisms of the action. RESULTS Indole-3-propionic acid (IPA), a solely microbially derived tryptophan metabolite, was the most downregulated metabolite in patients with CAD. Circulating IPA was then shown in an independent population to be associated with risk of prevalent ASCVD and correlated with the ASCVD severity. Dietary IPA supplementation alleviates atherosclerotic plaque development in ApoE-/- mice. In murine- and human-derived macrophages, administration of IPA promoted cholesterol efflux from macrophages to ApoA-I through an undescribed miR-142-5p/ABCA1 (ATP-binding cassette transporter A1) signaling pathway. Further in vivo studies demonstrated that IPA facilitates macrophage reverse cholesterol transport, correlating with the regulation of miR-142-5p/ABCA1 pathway, whereas reduced IPA production contributed to the aberrant overexpression of miR-142-5p in macrophages and accelerated the progression of atherosclerosis. Moreover, the miR-142-5p/ABCA1/reverse cholesterol transport axis in macrophages were dysregulated in patients with CAD, and correlated with the changes in circulating IPA levels. CONCLUSIONS Our study identify a previously unknown link between specific gut microbiota-derived tryptophan metabolite and ASCVD. The microbial metabolite IPA/miR-142-5p/ABCA1 pathway may represent a promising therapeutic target for ASCVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Xue
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University (Northern Campus), Guangzhou, China (H.X., Y.Y., W.L.).,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, China (H.X., X.C., S.C., Y.Y., W.L.)
| | - Xu Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, China (H.X., X.C., S.C., Y.Y., W.L.).,Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder (Xu Chen)
| | - Chao Yu
- Center for Health Examination, the 3 Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (C.Y.)
| | - Yuqing Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (Y.D.)
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China (Y.Z.).,Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command of People's Liberation Army, China (Y.Z.)
| | - Shen Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, China (H.X., X.C., S.C., Y.Y., W.L.)
| | - Xuechen Chen
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (Xuechen Chen)
| | - Ke Chen
- Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, China (K.C.)
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University (Northern Campus), Guangzhou, China (H.X., Y.Y., W.L.).,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, China (H.X., X.C., S.C., Y.Y., W.L.).,Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (Y.Y.)
| | - Wenhua Ling
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University (Northern Campus), Guangzhou, China (H.X., Y.Y., W.L.).,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, China (H.X., X.C., S.C., Y.Y., W.L.)
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16
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Nadour Z, Simian C, Laprévote O, Loriot MA, Larabi IA, Pallet N. Validation of a liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry method for simultaneous quantification of tryptophan and 10 key metabolites of the kynurenine pathway in plasma and urine: Application to a cohort of acute kidney injury patients. Clin Chim Acta 2022; 534:115-127. [PMID: 35870540 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A sensitive and rapid liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of tryptophan (Trp) and ten metabolites of kynurenine pathway, including kynurenine (Kyn), 3-hydroxy-kynurenine (3-HK), kynurenic acid (KA), xanthurenic acid (XA), 3-Hydroxy-anthranilic acid (3-HANA), quinolinic acid (QA), nicotinic acid mononucleotide (NaMN), picolinic acid (Pic), nicotinamide (NAM) and nicotinic acid (NA) in both plasma and urine. This LC-MS/MS method was used to predict the occurrence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in a cohort of patients with cardiac surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Urinary concentrations of Pic, as well as Pic to Trp and Pic to 3-HANA ratios were highly predictive of an AKI episode the week after CPB, indicating that Pic could be a predictive biomarker of AKI. Thus, monitoring the kynurenine pathway activity with this LC-MS/MS method is a clinically relevant tool to identify new biomarkers of kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahia Nadour
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, AP-HP, 20 rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France; Paris University, INSERM UMRS1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 15 rue de l'Ecole de médecine, 75006 Paris, France.
| | - Christophe Simian
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, AP-HP, 20 rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Olivier Laprévote
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, AP-HP, 20 rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Marie-Anne Loriot
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, AP-HP, 20 rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France; Paris University, INSERM UMRS1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 15 rue de l'Ecole de médecine, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Islam Amine Larabi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Paris-Saclay University (Versailles Saint-Quentin-En-Yvelines University), Inserm U-1173, Raymond Poincaré Hospital, AP-HP, 104 Boulevard Raymond Poincaré, 92380 Garches, France
| | - Nicolas Pallet
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, AP-HP, 20 rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France; Paris University, INSERM UMRS1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 15 rue de l'Ecole de médecine, 75006 Paris, France
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17
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Selective enrichment of microbiota-derived tryptophan metabolites in mouse faeces based on molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction for HPLC analysis. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 212:114641. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.114641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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18
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In situ one-step electrochemical preparation of mesoporous molecularly imprinted sensor for efficient determination of indole-3-acetic acid. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2021.116000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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19
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"The quantitative determination of indolic microbial tryptophan metabolites in human and rodent samples: A systematic review". J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2021; 1186:123008. [PMID: 34735972 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2021.123008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Concentrations reported for indolic microbial metabolites of tryptophan in human and rodent brain, cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, saliva and feces were compiled and discussed. A systematic review of the literature was accomplished by key word searches of Pubmed, Google Scholar and the Human Metabolome Data Base (HMDB), and by searching bibliographies of identified publications including prior reviews. The review was prompted by the increasing appreciation of the physiological importance of the indolic compounds in human health and disease. The compounds included were indoleacetic acid (IAA), indole propionic acid (IPA), indoleacrylic acid (IACR), indolelactic acid (ILA) indolepyruvic acid (IPY), indoleacetaldehyde (IAALD), indolealdehyde (IALD), tryptamine (TAM), indole (IND) and skatole (SKT). The undertaking aimed to vet and compare existing reports, to resolve apparent discrepancies, to draw biological inferences from the consideration of multiple analytes across sample types, to survey the analytical methodologies used, and to point out areas in need of greater attention.
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20
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Javelle F, Bloch W, Knoop A, Guillemin GJ, Zimmer P. Toward a neuroprotective shift: Eight weeks of high intensity interval training reduces the neurotoxic kynurenine activity concurrently to impulsivity in emotionally impulsive humans - A randomized controlled trial. Brain Behav Immun 2021; 96:7-17. [PMID: 33932526 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous findings suggest that impulsivity is related to chronic low-grade inflammation. Inflammation is known to trigger the kynurenine pathway to a pathological level in various impulsivity-related disorders. Nonetheless, murine models and recent human studies have shown that physical exercise, in particular High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT), could counterbalance the negative effects of inflammation on the kynurenine pathway. AIM This study evaluates the effects of eight weeks of HIIT versus an active control group on impulsivity levels and accompanying alterations of inflammatory-mediated changes of the kynurenine pathway in a sample of emotionally impulsive humans. METHODS Participants were randomly allocated to either HIIT or stretching conditions (three trainings per week for eight weeks). Fitness level was evaluated via VO2peak values at the beginning at end of the intervention. Kynurenine metabolites, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and impulsivity levels were evaluated at T0, T4, and T8 weeks. Statistical analyses were performed using mixed models. RESULTS Fifty-three participants were included in the modified Intention To Treat analysis (45 finished the intervention). The HIIT group (n = 28) largely increased the aerobic fitness of its participants and produced physiological changes while the stretching group (n = 25) did not. HIIT reduced interleukin 6 levels (small to moderate interaction) and reduced the activity of the neurotoxic branch of the kynurenine pathway (small to moderate interaction for KYNA/QA and KYN/QA) after eight weeks of training while the active control did not change. Both interventions were effective to decrease emotion-related impulsivity, however only the HIIT group decreased participants' emotion-unrelated levels. Changes in emotion-related and -unrelated impulsivity were moderately correlated to changes in KYNA/KYN. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that HIIT was able to switch the kynurenine pathway from its neurotoxic branch to its neuroprotective one. This shift was associated with a decrease in impulsivity. Based on these findings, future work may consider investigating more intensively the effect of HIIT on impulsivity-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Javelle
- Clinical Exercise-Neuroimmunology Group, Department for Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, Institute for Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, German Sport University, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Wilhelm Bloch
- Clinical Exercise-Neuroimmunology Group, Department for Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, Institute for Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, German Sport University, Cologne, Germany
| | - Andre Knoop
- Institute of Biochemistry, Center for Preventive Doping Research, German Sport University Cologne, Germany
| | - Gilles J Guillemin
- Neuroinflammation Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Philipp Zimmer
- Clinical Exercise-Neuroimmunology Group, Department for Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, Institute for Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, German Sport University, Cologne, Germany; Department for Performance and Health (Sports Medicine), Institute for Sport and Sport Science, Technical University Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
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21
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Sadok I, Tyszczuk-Rotko K, Mroczka R, Kozak J, Staniszewska M. Improved Voltammetric Determination of Kynurenine at the Nafion Covered Glassy Carbon Electrode - Application in Samples Delivered from Human Cancer Cells. Int J Tryptophan Res 2021; 14:11786469211023468. [PMID: 34276216 PMCID: PMC8256253 DOI: 10.1177/11786469211023468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, development of analytical methods responding to a need for rapid and
accurate determination of human metabolites is highly desirable. Herein, an
electrochemical method employing a Nafion-coated glassy carbon electrode
(Nafion/GCE) has been developed for reliable determination of kynurenine (a key
tryptophan metabolite) using a differential pulse adsorptive stripping
voltammetry. To our knowledge, this is the first analytical method to allow for
kynurenine determination at the Nafion-coated electrode. The methodology
involves kynurenine pre-concentration in 0.1 M H2SO4 in
the Nafion film at the potential of +0.5 V and subsequent stripping from the
electrode by differential pulse voltammetry. Under optimal conditions, the
sensor can detect 5 nM kynurenine (for the accumulation time of 60 seconds), but
the limit of detection can be easily lowered to 0.6 nM by prolonging the
accumulation time to 600 seconds. The sensor shows sensitivity of
36.25 μAμM−1cm−2 and
185.50 μAμM−1cm−2 for the accumulation time of 60 and
600 seconds, respectively. The great advantage of the proposed method is easy
sensor preparation, employing drop coating method, high sensitivity, short total
analysis time, and no need for sample preparation. The method was validated for
linearity, precision, accuracy (using a high-performance liquid chromatography),
selectivity (towards tryptophan metabolites and different amino acids), and
recovery. The comprehensive microscopic and electrochemical characterization of
the Nafion/GCE was also conducted with different methods including atomic force
microscopy (AFM), optical profilometry, time-of-flight secondary ion mass
spectrometry (TOF-SIMS), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and
cyclic voltammetry (CV). The method has been applied with satisfactory results
for determination of kynurenine concentration in a culture medium collected from
the human ovarian carcinoma cells SK-OV-3 and to measure IDO enzyme activity in
the cancer cell extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Sadok
- Laboratory of Separation and Spectroscopic Method Applications, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, Faculty of Science and Health, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Tyszczuk-Rotko
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Robert Mroczka
- Laboratory of X-ray Optics, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, Faculty of Science and Health, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Jędrzej Kozak
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Magdalena Staniszewska
- Laboratory of Separation and Spectroscopic Method Applications, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, Faculty of Science and Health, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
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22
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Liao HY, Wang CY, Lee CH, Kao HL, Wu WK, Kuo CH. Development of an Efficient and Sensitive Chemical Derivatization-Based LC-MS/MS Method for Quantifying Gut Microbiota-Derived Metabolites in Human Plasma and Its Application in Studying Cardiovascular Disease. J Proteome Res 2021; 20:3508-3518. [PMID: 34053222 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.1c00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the gut microbiota has been found to be associated with many diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease, depression, Parkinson's disease, cancer, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Among various gut microbiota-derived metabolites (GMs), short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), bile acids (BAs), and tryptophan (TRP) metabolites are the most frequently discussed metabolites. LC-MS/MS shows advantages in quantifying the levels of metabolites with good sensitivity and selectivity; however, the poor ionization efficiency and polar characteristics of SCFAs make their analysis challenging, especially when analyzing plasma samples with low SCFA concentrations. Moreover, without characteristic fragment ions for unconjugated BAs and different detection ion modes for TRP metabolites and BAs, GM analysis is complex and time-consuming. To overcome these problems, we developed a derivatization method combined with LC-MS/MS to enhance the sensitivity and LC retention of GMs. Through derivatization with 3-nitrophenylhydrazine (3-NPH), 7 SCFAs, 9 bile acids, and 6 tryptophan metabolites can be simultaneously analyzed via separation within 14 min on a reversed-phase C18 column. For accurate quantification, 13C6-3NPH-labeled standards were used as one-to-one internal standards. This derivatization approach was optimized and then validated. We further applied this method to investigate the targeted GM profile in patients with CVD. The results showed a significant reduction in plasma butyrate levels in CVD patients compared with healthy controls, suggesting its potentially protective role in CVD. In summary, this work provides a sensitive and effective LC-MS/MS method for simultaneously quantifying gut microbiota-related metabolites in human plasma, which could benefit various future gut microbiota-related studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yu Liao
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Yi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hua Lee
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Li Kao
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiovascular Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10048, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Kai Wu
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10048, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hua Kuo
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan.,The Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Centers of Genomic and Precision Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10055, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
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23
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Beloborodova NV, Chernevskaya EA, Getsina ML. Indolic Structure Metabolites as Potential Biomarkers of Non-infectious Diseases. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:238-249. [PMID: 33092503 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666201022121653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Interest in indolic structure metabolites, including a number of products of microbial biotransformation of the aromatic amino acid tryptophan, is increasingly growing. The review prepared by a team of authors is based on in-depthscrutiny of data available in PubMed, Scopus, Cyberleninka, Clinical Trials, and Cochrane Library, eventually narrowing the search to a set of keywords such as tryptophan metabolites; plasma metabolomics profiling; metabolomics fingerprinting; gas-, liquid chromatography mass spectrometry; serotonin; melatonin; tryptamine; indoxyl sulfate; indole-3-acetic acid; indole-3-propionic acid; 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid; gut microbiota and microbial metabolites. It provides a summary that outlines the pattern of changes in the level of indolic structure metabolites in a number of diseases and deals with the data from the field of human microbiota metabolites. In modern experimental studies, including the use of gnotobiological (germ-free) animals, it has been convincingly proved that the formation of tryptophan metabolites such as indole-3-acetic acid, indole-3-propionic acid, tryptamine, and indoxyl sulfate is associated with gut bacteria. Attention to some concentration changes of indolic compounds is due to the fact that pronounced deviations and a significant decrease of these metabolites in the blood were found in a number of serious cardiovascular, brain or gastrointestinal diseases. The literature-based analysis allowed the authors to conclude that a constant (normal) level of the main metabolites of the indolic structure in the human body is maintained by a few strict anaerobic bacteria from the gut of a healthy body belonging to the species of Clostridium, Bacteroides, Peptostreptococcus, Eubacteria, etc. The authors focus on several metabolites of the indolic structure that can be called clinically significant in certain diseases, such as schizophrenia, depression, atherosclerosis, colorectal cancer, etc. Determining the level of indole metabolites in the blood can be used to diagnose and monitor the effectiveness of a comprehensive treatment approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia V Beloborodova
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, Petrovka 25, bild 2, Moscow, 107031, Russian Federation
| | - Ekaterina A Chernevskaya
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, Petrovka 25, bild 2, Moscow, 107031, Russian Federation
| | - Maria L Getsina
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, Petrovka 25, bild 2, Moscow, 107031, Russian Federation
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Sağlam E, Bilgiç A, Abuşoğlu S, Ünlü A, Sivrikaya A. The role of tryptophan metabolic pathway in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder with and without comorbid oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder. Psychiatry Res 2021; 298:113770. [PMID: 33545424 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2021.113770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating data presented that tryptophan metabolic pathway (TMP) may play a role in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, no study have investigated potential role of TMP in disruptive behavior disorders coexisting with ADHD. This study compared serum levels of tryptophan, kynurenine, kynurenic acid, 3-hydroxykynurenine and 3-hydroxyantranilic acid in medication-free children with ADHD combined presentation (ADHD-C), with ADHD-C and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), and with ADHD-C and conduct disorder (CD) versus healthy controls. The study also compared several ratios that are previously suggested to reflect the activities of the KP enzymes (kynurenine/tryptophan, kynurenic acid/kynurenine, 3-hydroxykynurenine/kynurenine) or neuroprotective activity (kynurenic acid/3-hydroxykynurenine) among groups. A total of 122 patients were enrolled: 46 children with ADHD-C alone, 43 children with ADHD-C+ODD, 33 children with ADHD-C+CD and 50 healthy controls. Targeted biochemical molecules were assessed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry. Compared to control group, serum kynurenine levels were significantly higher in the ADHD-C group, serum 3-hydroxykynurenine levels were significantly lower in the ADHD-C and ADHD-C+ODD groups, the serum kynurenic acid/kynurenine ratio was significantly higher in the ADHD-C, ADHD-C+ODD and ADHD-C+CD groups, and the serum 3-hydroxykynurenine/kynurenine ratio was significantly lower in the ADHD-C group. These findings suggest that TMP may play a role in the pathophysiology of ADHD-C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Sağlam
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Ayhan Bilgiç
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Meram School of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Sedat Abuşoğlu
- Department of Biochemistry, Selçuk University Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey
| | - Ali Ünlü
- Department of Biochemistry, Selçuk University Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Sivrikaya
- Department of Biochemistry, Selçuk University Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey
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25
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Sousa A, Ribeiro C, Gonçalves VMF, Barbosa J, Peixoto B, Andrade A, Silva P, Andrade JP, Leal S. Development and validation of a liquid chromatography method using UV/fluorescence detection for the quantitative determination of metabolites of the kynurenine pathway in human urine: Application to patients with heart failure. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 198:113997. [PMID: 33676170 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.113997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence indicates the relevant role of the tryptophan (TRP) metabolites in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases via inflammatory and oxidative stress mechanisms. Therefore, quantification of TRP and its metabolites in biological samples can be a powerful tool to elucidate the disease mechanisms. The aim of this work was to develop and validate a liquid chromatography with ultraviolet (UV) and fluorescence detection (FD) (LCUV/FD) method for the quantification of TRP and its metabolites (L-kynurenine (KYN) and kynurenic acid (KA)) in urine samples from heart failure (HF) patients. Biochemical parameters and inflammatory markers were quantified, and data correlated with urinary concentrations of TRP and its metabolites. Optimized chromatographic conditions were achieved using a Luna® 3 μm PFP(2) analytical column, a mobile phase of 20 mM of ammonium formate in ultra-pure water (with 0.01 % of formic acid), acetonitrile and ethanol (95/2/3, v/v/v), a flow rate of 0.7 mL/min and a column oven temperature set at 25 °C. The method was validated according to the European Medicines Agency (EMA) guidelines and showed to be linear (r2 >0.99), accurate (82-116%) and precise (%RSD below 15 %). The limits of quantification varied between 50 and 125 ng/mL. The method was applied to the quantification of TRP, KYN and KA in healthy volunteers and male HF patients. The results obtained through this pilot study (small group of patients) showed a relationship between biochemical parameters, inflammatory markers and changes in the concentration of TRP, KYN and KA. The KYN/TRP and KA/KYN ratios were calculated. Results support the hypothesis that KYN/TRP ratio is related with enzymatic activity and that KA/KYN ratio can be a good neuroprotection indicator. The potential of the LCUV/FD method for the monitoring of the selected compounds in cardiac patients was also demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Sousa
- CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116, Gandra PRD, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Ribeiro
- CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116, Gandra PRD, Portugal; Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208, Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Virgínia M F Gonçalves
- CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116, Gandra PRD, Portugal
| | - Joana Barbosa
- CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116, Gandra PRD, Portugal; UCIBIO, REQUIMTE - Laboratório de Toxicologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Bruno Peixoto
- CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116, Gandra PRD, Portugal; Centro de Investigação em Tecnologias e Sistemas de Informação em Saúde (CINTESIS), Porto, Portugal
| | - Aurora Andrade
- Departamento Clínico de Cardiologia do Centro Hospitalar do Tâmega e Sousa EPE, Penafiel, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Silva
- Departamento Clínico de Cardiologia do Centro Hospitalar do Tâmega e Sousa EPE, Penafiel, Portugal
| | - José Paulo Andrade
- Departamento de Biomedicina - Unidade de Anatomia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sandra Leal
- CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116, Gandra PRD, Portugal; Centro de Investigação em Tecnologias e Sistemas de Informação em Saúde (CINTESIS), Porto, Portugal.
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26
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Dong W, Guo R, Lin W, Liu M, Shen C, Sun X, Sun B, Deng B. Polyamine-Modified Magnetic Graphene Oxide Nanocomposites and HPLC-MS/MS Allow the Determination of Two Indolic Derivatives in Strong-Aroma Types of Base Baijiu. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:3594-3606. [PMID: 32100525 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b08235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Simultaneous detection of 3-indoleacetic acid (IAA) and 3-indolepropionic acid (IPA) in strong-aroma types of base Baijiu (base SAB) is crucial for elucidating the metabolic pathway of 3-methylindole during the base SAB brewing. Herein, a novel magnetic poly(allylamine)-modified graphene oxide (GO@PAA@Fe3O4) was synthesized as extraction sorbent, followed by high performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry HPLC-MS/MS. As a surface modifier of GO, the introduction of PAA and Fe3O4 provided more adsorption sites for IAA and IPA, mainly through the generation of H-bonding sites. Moreover, modified by an activation step, the capacity of the activated GO@PAA@Fe3O4 for the adsorption of IAA and IPA was 2.1-3.4 times higher than that of unactivated material. The adsorptions of IAA and IPA on GO@PAA@Fe3O4 were fitted to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm, respectively. Under the optimal conditions, IAA and IPA were determined in 16-base SAB for the first time, and their concentrations ranged from 0.6 to 11.3 and 0.7 to 18.7 μg/L, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Dong
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, School of Light Industry, Beijing 100048, P. R. China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Ruonan Guo
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, School of Light Industry, Beijing 100048, P. R. China
| | - Wenxuan Lin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, School of Light Industry, Beijing 100048, P. R. China
| | - Miao Liu
- Luzhou Laojiao Co.Ltd., Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P. R. China
| | - Caihong Shen
- Luzhou Laojiao Co.Ltd., Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P. R. China
| | - Xiaotao Sun
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, School of Light Industry, Beijing 100048, P. R. China
| | - Baoguo Sun
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, School of Light Industry, Beijing 100048, P. R. China
| | - Bo Deng
- Luzhou Laojiao Co.Ltd., Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P. R. China
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