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Paimre M, Virkus S, Osula K. How Technology, Health Information Seeking, and Socioeconomic Factors Are Associated With Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccination Readiness in Estonians Over 50 Years? HEALTH EDUCATION & BEHAVIOR 2024; 51:502-511. [PMID: 38712912 PMCID: PMC11193318 DOI: 10.1177/10901981241249972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Despite the proven effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in preventing severe illness, many individuals, including older adults who are most susceptible to the virus, have opted against vaccination. Various factors could shape vaccination decisions, including seeking health information (HI). The internet is the primary source of HI today; however, older adults are often referred to as those missing out on digital benefits. The study explores the correlations between information and communication technology (ICT) use, online HI seeking, socioeconomic factors, and COVID-19 vaccination readiness among individuals aged 50 and above in Estonia. The survey data were gathered from 501 people aged 50 and older after the first lockdown in 2020. The outcomes revealed that vaccination readiness positively correlated with factors such as higher educational attainment, greater income, male gender, access to ICT, a readiness to employ digital technologies for health-related purposes, a greater demand for HI, and a higher frequency of seeking it online. There was some discrepancy in the preference of HI sources; for example, vaccination consenters preferred online versions of professional press publications and specific health portals. Based on the findings, it is advisable to encourage older adults to utilize the internet and new technology for health-related purposes. This practice expands the range of information sources available to them, ultimately enabling better decision-making regarding their health behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Paimre
- Tallinn University, Tallinn, Estonia
- Tallinn Health Care College, Tallinn, Estonia
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangming Meng
- Department of Otolaryngology, Wuxi Huishan District People's Hospital, Luoshe Town, Huishan District, Wuxi, P.R. China
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Janoudi G, Uzun (Rada) M, Fell DB, Ray JG, Foster AM, Giffen R, Clifford T, Walker MC. Outlier analysis for accelerating clinical discovery: An augmented intelligence framework and a systematic review. PLOS DIGITAL HEALTH 2024; 3:e0000515. [PMID: 38776276 PMCID: PMC11111092 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pdig.0000515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
Clinical discoveries largely depend on dedicated clinicians and scientists to identify and pursue unique and unusual clinical encounters with patients and communicate these through case reports and case series. This process has remained essentially unchanged throughout the history of modern medicine. However, these traditional methods are inefficient, especially considering the modern-day availability of health-related data and the sophistication of computer processing. Outlier analysis has been used in various fields to uncover unique observations, including fraud detection in finance and quality control in manufacturing. We propose that clinical discovery can be formulated as an outlier problem within an augmented intelligence framework to be implemented on any health-related data. Such an augmented intelligence approach would accelerate the identification and pursuit of clinical discoveries, advancing our medical knowledge and uncovering new therapies and management approaches. We define clinical discoveries as contextual outliers measured through an information-based approach and with a novelty-based root cause. Our augmented intelligence framework has five steps: define a patient population with a desired clinical outcome, build a predictive model, identify outliers through appropriate measures, investigate outliers through domain content experts, and generate scientific hypotheses. Recognizing that the field of obstetrics can particularly benefit from this approach, as it is traditionally neglected in commercial research, we conducted a systematic review to explore how outlier analysis is implemented in obstetric research. We identified two obstetrics-related studies that assessed outliers at an aggregate level for purposes outside of clinical discovery. Our findings indicate that using outlier analysis in clinical research in obstetrics and clinical research, in general, requires further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghayath Janoudi
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | - Deshayne B. Fell
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Joel G. Ray
- Departments of Medicine, Health Policy Management and Evaluation, and Obstetrics and Gynecology, St Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Angel M. Foster
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | - Tammy Clifford
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Canadian Institute of Health Research, Government of Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Mark C. Walker
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- International and Global Health Office, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Newborn Care, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Canada
- BORN Ontario, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Canada
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White BK, Ishizumi A, Lavery L, Wright A, Foley T, O'Neill R, Rambaud K, Sreenath RS, Salvi C, Takahashi R, D'Agostino M, Nguyen T, Briand S, Purnat TD. Expressions of pandemic fatigue on digital platforms: a thematic analysis of sentiment and narratives for infodemic insights. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:705. [PMID: 38443914 PMCID: PMC10916327 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17718-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The infodemic accompanying the COVID-19 pandemic has led to an overwhelming amount of information, including questions, concerns and misinformation. Pandemic fatigue has been identified as a concern from early in the pandemic. With new and ongoing health emergencies in 2022, it is important to understand how pandemic fatigue is being discussed and expressed by users on digital channels. This study aims to explore and report on key narrative themes associated with expressions of pandemic fatigue by users on digital platforms. METHODS This paper describes the collection of publicly available data over a 3-month period from multiple online sources using the Meltwater and CrowdTangle platforms to source data from Twitter, Facebook, Instagram, YouTube, TikTok, Pinterest, Product Reviews, Twitch, blogs & forums. A comprehensive search strategy was developed and tested. A total of 1,484,042 social media posts were identified during the time-period that included the defined search terms for pandemic fatigue. These data were initially sorted by highest levels of engagement and from this dataset, analysts reviewed the identified posts to isolate and remove irrelevant content and identify dominant narratives. A thematic analysis was carried out on these narratives to identify themes related to expression of pandemic fatigue. Two researchers reviewed the data and themes. RESULTS The thematic analysis of narratives identified six main themes relating to expression of pandemic fatigue, and one theme of counter narratives against pandemic fatigue. Data volume increased concurrent with the time of the mpox emergency announcement. Emergent themes showed the different ways users expressed pandemic fatigue and how it was interlaced with issues of trust, preventative measure acceptance and uptake, misinformation, and being overwhelmed with multiple or sustained emergencies. CONCLUSIONS This paper has identified the different ways users express pandemic fatigue on digital channels over a 3-month period. Better understanding the implications of the information environment on user's perceptions, questions, and concerns regarding pandemic and more broadly emergency fatigue is vital in identifying relevant interventions and, in the longer term, strengthening the global architecture for health emergency preparedness, prevention, readiness and resilience, as evidenced in this paper. There are clear pathways for further research, including incorporating additional languages and reviewing these themes over longer time periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Becky K White
- Department of Pandemic and Epidemic Preparedness and Prevention, Health Emergencies Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Atsuyoshi Ishizumi
- Department of Pandemic and Epidemic Preparedness and Prevention, Health Emergencies Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Rhys O'Neill
- Africa Infodemic Response Alliance, WHO Regional Office for Africa, Brazzaville, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Kimberly Rambaud
- Risk Communication & Community Engagement, Health Emergencies, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ravi Shankar Sreenath
- Risk Communication & Community Engagement, Health Emergencies, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Cristiana Salvi
- Risk Communication & Community Engagement, Health Emergencies, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ryoko Takahashi
- Department of Pandemic and Epidemic Preparedness and Prevention, Health Emergencies Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marcelo D'Agostino
- Information Systems for Health, Evidence and Intelligence for Action in Health, Pan American Health Organization and World Health Organization Regional Office for the Americas, Washington DC, DC, USA
| | - Tim Nguyen
- Department of Pandemic and Epidemic Preparedness and Prevention, Health Emergencies Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sylvie Briand
- Department of Pandemic and Epidemic Preparedness and Prevention, Health Emergencies Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Tina D Purnat
- Department of Pandemic and Epidemic Preparedness and Prevention, Health Emergencies Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
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Zhang L, Harris Ao S, Francis Ye J, Zhao X. How does health communication on social media influence e-cigarette perception and use? A trend analysis from 2017 to 2020. Addict Behav 2024; 149:107875. [PMID: 37820562 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2023.107875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE E-cigarettes have achieved a high prevalence rapidly. While social media is among the most influential platforms for health communication, its impact on attitudes and behaviors of e-cigarettes and its changes over time remain underexplored. This study aims to address the gap. METHODS Four years of data (2017-2020) were derived from the U.S. Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) (aged 18-64 years, n = 9,914). Initially, key variables were compared across years. Furthermore, guided by the health belief model, we employed a moderated mediation model to examine the influence of social media health communication on the public's perceptions and behaviors related to e-cigarettes, distinguishing between smokers and non-smokers throughout the four-year period. RESULTS The evidence shows a process of dynamic interaction between communication, perception, and behavior. (1) We observed an increasing trend of social media health communication (SMH) and perceived relative harm of e-cigarettes (PHE). (2) Higher SMH was associated with more e-cigarette use directly in 2019. (3) Higher SMH was associated with less e-cigarette use indirectly through PHE in 2020. (4) Smokers consistently displayed heightened sensitivity in responding to harm perception compared to non-smokers. CONCLUSIONS The findings support two mechanisms underlying the association between SMH and e-cigarette use: direct and indirect. The changes in the pathways during the timespan may have been influenced by increased e-cigarette information on social media and public health events like COVID-19. Stricter regulations for unverified e-cigarette advertisements and anti-e-cigarette education on social media are called for to curtail e-cigarette use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luxi Zhang
- Department of Communication / Institute of Collaborative Innovation, University of Macau, Macau
| | - Song Harris Ao
- Department of Communication / Institute of Collaborative Innovation / Center for Research in Greater Bay Area, University of Macau, Macau
| | - Jizhou Francis Ye
- Department of Communication / Institute of Collaborative Innovation, University of Macau, Macau
| | - Xinshu Zhao
- Department of Communication / Institute of Collaborative Innovation / Center for Research in Greater Bay Area, University of Macau, Macau.
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Terry K, Yang F, Yao Q, Liu C. The role of social media in public health crises caused by infectious disease: a scoping review. BMJ Glob Health 2023; 8:e013515. [PMID: 38154810 PMCID: PMC10759087 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2023-013515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The onset of the COVID-19 global pandemic highlighted the increasing role played by social media in the generation, dissemination and consumption of outbreak-related information. OBJECTIVE The objective of the current review is to identify and summarise the role of social media in public health crises caused by infectious disease, using a five-step scoping review protocol. EVIDENCE REVIEW Keyword lists for two categories were generated: social media and public health crisis. By combining these keywords, an advanced search of various relevant databases was performed to identify all articles of interest from 2000 to 2021, with an initial retrieval date of 13 December 2021. A total of six medical and health science, psychology, social science and communication databases were searched: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, PsycINFO and CNKI. A three-stage screening process against inclusion and exclusion criteria was conducted. FINDINGS A total of 338 studies were identified for data extraction, with the earliest study published in 2010. Thematic analysis of the role of social media revealed three broad themes: surveillance monitoring, risk communication and disease control. Within these themes, 12 subthemes were also identified. Within surveillance monitoring, the subthemes were disease detection and prediction, public attitude and attention, public sentiment and mental health. Within risk communication, the subthemes were health advice, information-seeking behaviour, infodemics/misinformation circulation, seeking help online, online distance education and telehealth. Finally, within disease control, the subthemes were government response, public behaviour change and health education information quality. It was clear that the pace of research in this area has gradually increased over time as social media has evolved, with an explosion in attention following the outbreak of COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Social media has become a hugely powerful force in public health and cannot be ignored or viewed as a minor consideration when developing public health policy. Limitations of the study are discussed, along with implications for government, health authorities and individual users. The pressing need for government and health authorities to formalise evidence-based strategies for communicating via social media is highlighted, as well as issues for individual users in assessing the quality and reliability of information consumed on social media platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsty Terry
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University - Bundoora Campus, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Fei Yang
- School of Political Science and Public Administration, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qiang Yao
- School of Political Science and Public Administration, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chaojie Liu
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University - Bundoora Campus, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
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OJEKA-JOHN RACHAELOLUWAFEMI, SANUSI BENICEO, ADELABU OMOWALET, TALABI FELIXA, OYEKOLA ISAACA, AJAKAIYE OLANREWAJUOP, EJEM EJEMAGWU. Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, awareness creation and risk communication of Covid-19 pandemic amongst non-literate population in South-West Nigeria: Lessons for future health campaign. J Public Health Afr 2023; 14:2673. [PMID: 38204812 PMCID: PMC10774851 DOI: 10.4081/jphia.2023.2673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Risk communication of Covid-19 pandemic in Nigeria appeared to be urban-centered with the dominant use of social media, print communication and other controlled media. In such times of public health emergencies, non-literate population could be vulnerable as a result of their limited understanding of the nature of such health risk. Therefore, the study seeks to investigate the extent to which Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) communicated the risk of Covid-19 disease to non-literate population in its public health campaign during the pandemic in South-West Nigeria. The study adopts risk communication theory which advances the approach communication should take during public health emergencies. Using descriptive cross-sectional mixed methods research design, a sample of 420 respondents were purposively selected from 6 towns in the rural areas of Lagos, Oyo and Osun states to examine the level of awareness on Covid-19 pandemic among non-literates. In addition, NCDC risk communication on Covid-19 for non-literate population were analyzed from 3 Jingles in Yoruba language as well as 9 flyers designed for Covid-19 disease from NCDC websites. Results showed that NCDC awareness creation on Covid-19 disease for non-literates in Southwest achieved significant success as a result of the medium used in creating awareness. Specifically, radio was highly rated among majority of the respondents (60.4%) followed by health workers (19.8%) as channels that created understandable message on Covid-19 safety protocols. Further findings on Jingles content revealed that all Covid-19 safety protocols were communicated in Yoruba language for Southwest populace. However, NCDC fall short in communicating Covid-19 risk effectively for non-literates in Southwest as jingles only buttressed the Covid-19 safety protocols and symptoms as well as the need to comply, without educating the masses on the dreadful nature of the disease and its dynamics. Though flyers designed by the NCDC communicated risk to an extent, nevertheless, graphics and symbols on Covid-19 disease were complimented by words in English language only, which could be difficult for non-literates to decipher. Based on the findings, the study recommends that public health agencies need to educate non-literate population about the nature of a disease more than creating awareness about the outbreak of a disease, and such education should be strategic, context-specific, and evidence-based.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - BENICE O. SANUSI
- Department of Mass Communication, Redeemers University Ede, Osun State
| | | | - FELIX A. TALABI
- Department of Mass Communication, Redeemers University Ede, Osun State
| | - ISAAC A. OYEKOLA
- Department of Sociology, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | | | - EJEM AGWU EJEM
- Department of Mass Communication, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Kwara State
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Bralić N, Buljan I. The association between research design and the perceived treatment effectiveness: a cross-sectional study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1220999. [PMID: 38196834 PMCID: PMC10774223 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1220999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the impact of research design on the perceived medical treatment effectiveness among researchers, healthcare workers (HCWs) and consumers in Croatia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2021 to February 2022 using an online survey. The participants were researchers, HCWs and consumers from Croatia. The survey had six scenarios about the same medical treatment presented within different study designs and in random order. Participants were asked to assess on a scale from 1 to 10 if the descriptions presented a sufficient level of evidence to conclude that the treatment was effective. Results For researchers (n = 97), as the number of participants and degree of variable control in the study design increased, the perceived level of sufficient evidence also increased significantly. Among consumers (n = 286) and HCWs (n = 201), no significant differences in scores were observed between the cross-sectional study, cohort study, RCT, and systematic review. Conclusion There is a need to implement educational courses on basic research methodology in lower levels of education and as part of Continuing Medical Education for all stakeholders in the healthcare system. Trial registration: this study has been registered on the Open Science Framework prior to study commencement (https://osf.io/t7xmf).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nensi Bralić
- Department of Research in Biomedicine and Health, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
| | - Ivan Buljan
- Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Department of Psychology, University of Split, Split, Croatia
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Nakireka S, Mukunya D, Tumuhaise C, Olum R, Namulema E, Napyo A, Serwanja Q, Ingabire PM, Muyinda A, Bongomin F, Musaba M, Mutaki V, Nantale R, Akunguru P, Ainembabazi R, Nomujuni D, Olwit W, Nakawunde A, Nyiramugisha S, Aol PM, Rujumba J, Munabi I, Kiguli S. "I thought I was going to die": Experiences of COVID-19 patients managed at home in Uganda. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0295113. [PMID: 38085728 PMCID: PMC10715664 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Uganda, approximately 170,000 confirmed COVID-19 cases and 3,630 deaths have been reported as of January 2023. At the start of the second COVID-19 wave, the Ugandan health system was overwhelmed with a sudden increase in the number of COVID-19 patients who needed care, and the Ministry of Health resorted to home-based isolation and care for patients with mild to moderate disease. Before its rollout, the COVID-19 home-based care strategy had neither been piloted nor tested in Uganda. OBJECTIVE To explore the experiences of COVID-19 patients managed at home in Uganda. METHODS This was a qualitative study that was conducted to explore the lived experiences of COVID-19 patients managed at home. The study was carried out among patients who presented to three hospitals that were designated for treating COVID-19 patients in Uganda. COVID-19 patients diagnosed at these hospitals and managed at home were followed up and contacted for in-depth telephone interviews. The data were analysed using thematic content analysis with the aid of NVIVO 12.0.0 (QRS International, Cambridge, MA). RESULTS Participants experienced feelings of fear and anxiety: fear of death, fear of losing jobs, fear of infecting loved ones and fear of adverse events such as loss of libido. Participants also reported feelings of loneliness, hopelessness and depression on top of the debilitating and sometimes worsening symptoms. In addition to conventional medicines, participants took various kinds of home remedies and herbal concoctions to alleviate their symptoms. Furthermore, COVID-19 care resulted in a high economic burden, which persisted after the COVID-19 illness. Stigma was a major theme reported by participants. Participants recommended that COVID-19 care should include counselling before testing and during and after the illness to combat the fear and stigma associated with the diagnosis. Another recommendation was that health workers should carry out home visits to patients undergoing home-based care and that COVID-19 treatment should be free of charge. CONCLUSION COVID-19 home-based care was associated with fear, anxiety, loneliness, depression, economic loss and stigma. Policymakers should consider various home-based follow-up strategies and strengthen counselling of COVID-19 patients at all stages of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Nakireka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mengo Hospital, Kampala, Uganda
- Department of Internal Medicine, Uganda Christian University, School of Medicine, Mukono, Uganda
| | - David Mukunya
- Department of Community and Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Busitema University, Mbale, Uganda
- Department of Research, Nikao Medical Center, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Crescent Tumuhaise
- Department of Medicine, Our Lady Health of the Sick, Nkozi Hospital, Mpigi, Uganda
| | - Ronald Olum
- Department of Medicine, St. Francis Hospital Nsambya, Kampala, Uganda
- School of Public Health, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Edith Namulema
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mengo Hospital, Kampala, Uganda
- Department of Internal Medicine, Uganda Christian University, School of Medicine, Mukono, Uganda
| | - Agnes Napyo
- Department of Community and Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Busitema University, Mbale, Uganda
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Uganda Martyrs University, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | | | - Asad Muyinda
- Department of Medicine, Jinja Regional Referral Hospital, Jinja, Uganda
| | - Felix Bongomin
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Gulu University, Gulu, Uganda
| | - Milton Musaba
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Busitema University, Mbale, Uganda
| | - Vivian Mutaki
- Department of Community and Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Busitema University, Mbale, Uganda
| | - Ritah Nantale
- Department of Community and Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Busitema University, Mbale, Uganda
| | | | | | | | - William Olwit
- Department of Radiology, Uganda Cancer Institute, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Aisha Nakawunde
- Department of Medicine, St. Francis Hospital Nsambya, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | | | - Joseph Rujumba
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, School of Medicine, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Ian Munabi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Sarah Kiguli
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, School of Medicine, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
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Sun D, Zhao G. The impact of Public Health Emergency (PHE) on the news dissemination strength: Evidence from Chinese-Speaking Vloggers on YouTube. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0294665. [PMID: 38019822 PMCID: PMC10686435 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
News dissemination plays a vital role in supporting people to incorporate beneficial actions during public health emergencies, thereby significantly reducing the adverse influences of events. Based on big data from YouTube, this research study takes the declaration of COVID-19 National Public Health Emergency (PHE) as the event impact and employs a DiD model to investigate the effect of PHE on the news dissemination strength of relevant videos. The study findings indicate that the views, comments, and likes on relevant videos significantly increased during the COVID-19 public health emergency. Moreover, the public's response to PHE has been rapid, with the highest growth in comments and views on videos observed within the first week of the public health emergency, followed by a gradual decline and returning to normal levels within four weeks. In addition, during the COVID-19 public health emergency, in the context of different types of media, lifestyle bloggers, local media, and institutional media demonstrated higher growth in the news dissemination strength of relevant videos as compared to news & political bloggers, foreign media, and personal media, respectively. Further, the audience attracted by related news tends to display a certain level of stickiness, therefore this audience may subscribe to these channels during public health emergencies, which confirms the incentive mechanisms of social media platforms to foster relevant news dissemination during public health emergencies. The proposed findings provide essential insights into effective news dissemination in potential future public health events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Sun
- School of Economics, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan, Hunan Province, China
| | - Guochang Zhao
- Research Institute of Economics and Management, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
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Lu J, Xiao Y. Heuristic Information Processing as a Mediating Factor in the Process of Exposure to COVID-19 Vaccine Information and Misinformation Sharing on Social Media. HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2023:1-14. [PMID: 38016931 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2023.2288373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Social media use for risk communication during the COVID-19 pandemic has caused considerable concerns about an overabundance of information, particularly misinformation. However, how exposure to COVID-19 information on social media can lead to subsequent misinformation sharing during the pandemic has received little research attention. This study adopted the social amplification of risk framework to delineate how exposure to COVID-19 vaccine information on social media can be associated with individuals' misinformation sharing through heuristic information processing. The role of social media trust was also examined. Results from an online survey (N = 1488) of Chinese Internet users revealed that exposure to COVID-19 vaccine information on social media was associated with misinformation sharing, mediated by both affect heuristics (i.e., negative affect toward the COVID-19 pandemic in general) and availability heuristics (i.e., perceived misinformation availability). Importantly, both high and low levels of trust in social media strengthened the mediating associations. While a low level of trust strengthened the association between exposure to COVID-19 vaccine information on social media and the affect heuristics, a high level of trust strengthened its association with the availability heuristics, both of which were associated with misinformation sharing. Our findings suggest that heuristic information processing is essential in amplifying the spread of misinformation after exposure to risk information on social media. It is also suggested that individuals should maintain a middle level of trust in social media, being open while critical of risk information on social media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Lu
- School of New Media and Communication, Tianjin University
| | - Yi Xiao
- School of New Media and Communication, Tianjin University
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Ao SH, Zhang L, Liu PL, Zhao X. Social media and partnership jointly alleviate caregivers' psychological distress: exploring the effects of online and offline connectedness. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:394. [PMID: 37964344 PMCID: PMC10647055 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01415-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of caregiving in the United States has increased from 16.6% to 19.2% during the period between 2015 and 2020. Caregivers play a critical public health role post-pandemic and as the population ages. However, caregiving can be detrimental to the health of caregivers. Many studies have shown that communication and connectedness are effective forms of health intervention for caregivers, but how this can be achieved requires further investigation. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the indirect effect of caregiving on problems of alcohol drinking through psychological distress. Moreover, this study aimed to provide initial evidence of the distinct effects of online and offline communication and connectedness on caregivers' well-being. METHODS The predictions were evaluated by examining responses to the Health Information National Trends Survey 2020 (n = 3,865). A mediation analysis was conducted to test the mediating effect of psychological distress on the association between caregiving and alcohol drinking. A second-level moderation analysis was performed. The online communication and connectedness, social media use for health, and the offline type, marital or romantic partnership, were tested as moderators to lessen the psychological distress of caregiving. RESULTS A competitive mediation was identified. We found a positive indirect effect from caregiving to alcohol drinking mediated by psychological distress (bp = .0017, p < .05) but a negative direct effect from caregiving to alcohol drinking (bp = -.0340, p < .05). Furthermore, the study reported a strongly positive effect of moderated moderation on the linkage from caregiving to psychological distress. The negative impact of caregiving on mental distress was greater among those who used social media less, particularly those without a romantic or marital partner. CONCLUSIONS The findings indicate that caregivers experience more mental distress, which leads to risky behavior. This study highlights the crucial role of both online and offline connectedness in mitigating the adverse consequences of caregiving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Harris Ao
- Department of Communication / Institute of Collaborative Innovation / Center for Research in Greater Bay Area, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Luxi Zhang
- Department of Communication / Institute of Collaborative Innovation, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Piper Liping Liu
- Department of Communication / Institute of Collaborative Innovation, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Xinshu Zhao
- Department of Communication / Institute of Collaborative Innovation / Center for Research in Greater Bay Area, University of Macau, Macau, China.
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13
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Li Z, Wu X, Xu L, Liu M, Huang C. Hot Topic Recognition of Health Rumors Based on Anti-Rumor Articles on the WeChat Official Account Platform: Topic Modeling. J Med Internet Res 2023; 25:e45019. [PMID: 37733396 PMCID: PMC10557010 DOI: 10.2196/45019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social networks have become one of the main channels for obtaining health information. However, they have also become a source of health-related misinformation, which seriously threatens the public's physical and mental health. Governance of health-related misinformation can be implemented through topic identification of rumors on social networks. However, little attention has been paid to studying the types and routes of dissemination of health rumors on the internet, especially rumors regarding health-related information in Chinese social media. OBJECTIVE This study aims to explore the types of health-related misinformation favored by WeChat public platform users and their prevalence trends and to analyze the modeling results of the text by using the Latent Dirichlet Allocation model. METHODS We used a web crawler tool to capture health rumor-dispelling articles on WeChat rumor-dispelling public accounts. We collected information from health-debunking articles posted between January 1, 2016, and August 31, 2022. Following word segmentation of the collected text, a document topic generation model called Latent Dirichlet Allocation was used to identify and generalize the most common topics. The proportion distribution of the themes was calculated, and the negative impact of various health rumors in different periods was analyzed. Additionally, the prevalence of health rumors was analyzed by the number of health rumors generated at each time point. RESULTS We collected 9366 rumor-refuting articles from January 1, 2016, to August 31, 2022, from WeChat official accounts. Through topic modeling, we divided the health rumors into 8 topics, that is, rumors on prevention and treatment of infectious diseases (1284/9366, 13.71%), disease therapy and its effects (1037/9366, 11.07%), food safety (1243/9366, 13.27%), cancer and its causes (946/9366, 10.10%), regimen and disease (1540/9366, 16.44%), transmission (914/9366, 9.76%), healthy diet (1068/9366, 11.40%), and nutrition and health (1334/9366, 14.24%). Furthermore, we summarized the 8 topics under 4 themes, that is, public health, disease, diet and health, and spread of rumors. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that topic modeling can provide analysis and insights into health rumor governance. The rumor development trends showed that most rumors were on public health, disease, and diet and health problems. Governments still need to implement relevant and comprehensive rumor management strategies based on the rumors prevalent in their countries and formulate appropriate policies. Apart from regulating the content disseminated on social media platforms, the national quality of health education should also be improved. Governance of social networks should be clearly implemented, as these rapidly developed platforms come with privacy issues. Both disseminators and receivers of information should ensure a realistic attitude and disseminate health information correctly. In addition, we recommend that sentiment analysis-related studies be conducted to verify the impact of health rumor-related topics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyu Li
- Chongqing Medical University, College of Medical Informatics, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoqian Wu
- Chongqing Medical University, College of Medical Informatics, Chongqing, China
- Department of Quality Management, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Chongqing Medical University, College of Medical Informatics, Chongqing, China
- Department of Quality Management, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (The Second Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Chongqing Medical University, College of Medical Informatics, Chongqing, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- Chongqing Medical University, College of Medical Informatics, Chongqing, China
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14
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Montazeri A, Mohammadi S, M Hesari P, Yarmohammadi H, Bahabadi MR, Naghizadeh Moghari F, Maftoon F, Tavousi M, Riazi H. Exposure to the COVID-19 news on social media and consequent psychological distress and potential behavioral change. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15224. [PMID: 37710006 PMCID: PMC10502066 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42459-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) news pandemic is inevitable. This study aimed to explore the association between exposure to COVID-19 news on social media and feeling of anxiety, fear, and potential opportunities for behavioral change among Iranians. A telephone-based survey was carried out in 2020. Adults aged 18 years and above were randomly selected. A self-designed questionnaire was administered to collect information on demographic variables and questions to address exposure to news and psychological and behavioral responses regarding COVID-19. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the relationship between anxiety, fear, behavioral responses, and independent variables, including exposure to news. In all, 1563 adults participated in the study. The mean age of respondents was 39.17 ± 13.5 years. Almost 55% of participants reported moderate to high-level anxiety, while fear of being affected by COVID-19 was reported 54.1%. Overall 88% reported that they had changed their behaviors to some extent. Exposure to the COVID-19 news on social media was the most influencing variable on anxiety (OR 2.21, 95% CI 1.62-3.04; P < 0.0001), fear (OR 1.95, 95% CI 1.49-2.56; P < 0.0001), and change in health behaviors (OR 2.02, 95% CI 1.28-3.19; P = 0.003) in the regression model. The fear of being infected by the COVID19 was associated with the female gender and some socioeconomic characteristics. Although exposure to the COVID-19 news on social media seemed to be associated with excess anxiety and fear, it also, to some extent, had positively changed people's health behaviors towards preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Montazeri
- Health Metrics Research Centre, Iranian Institute for Health Sciences Research, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
- Faculty of Humanity Sciences, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Samira Mohammadi
- Health Metrics Research Centre, Iranian Institute for Health Sciences Research, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parisa M Hesari
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Hossein Yarmohammadi
- Health Metrics Research Centre, Iranian Institute for Health Sciences Research, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Farzaneh Maftoon
- Health Metrics Research Centre, Iranian Institute for Health Sciences Research, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Tavousi
- Health Metrics Research Centre, Iranian Institute for Health Sciences Research, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hedyeh Riazi
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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15
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Kaliba AR, Andrews DR. The Impact of Meso-Level Factors on SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Early Hesitancy in the United States. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6313. [PMID: 37444159 PMCID: PMC10341526 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20136313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
The extant literature on the U.S. SARS-CoV-2 virus indicates that the vaccination campaign was lagging, insufficient, and uncoordinated. This study uses the spatial model to identify the drivers of vaccine hesitancy (in the middle of the pandemic), one of the critical steps in creating impactful and effective interventions to influence behavioral changes now and in the future. The applied technique accounted for observed and unobserved homogeneity and heterogeneity among counties. The results indicated that political and religious beliefs, quantified by Cook's political bipartisan index and the percentage of the population affiliated with the main Christian groups, were the main drivers of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine hesitancy. The past vaccination experience and other variables determining the demand and supply of vaccines were also crucial in influencing hesitancy. The results imply that vaccination campaigns require engaging community leaders at all levels rather than depending on politicians alone and eliminating barriers to the supply and demand of vaccines at all levels. Coordination among religious and community leaders would build a practical institutional arrangement to facilitate (rather than frustrate) the vaccination drives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aloyce R. Kaliba
- College of Business, Southern University and A&M, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA
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16
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Zha W, Ye Q, Li J, Ozbay K. A social media Data-Driven analysis for transport policy response to the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak in Wuhan, China. TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH. PART A, POLICY AND PRACTICE 2023; 172:103669. [PMID: 37020641 PMCID: PMC10050287 DOI: 10.1016/j.tra.2023.103669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Non-pharmacological interventions (NPI) such as social distancing and lockdown are essential in preventing and controlling emerging pandemic outbreaks. Many countries worldwide implemented lockdowns during the COVID-19 outbreaks. However, due to the lack of prior experience and knowledge about the pandemic, it is challenging to deal with short-term polices decision-making due to the highly stochastic and dynamic nature of the COVID-19. Thus, there is a need for the exploration of policy decision analysis to help agencies to adjust their current policies and adopt quickly. In this study, an analytical methodology is developed to analysis urban transport policy response for pandemic control based on social media data. Compared to traditional surveys or interviews, social media can provide timely data based on the feedback from public in terms of public demands, opinions, and acceptance of policy implementations. In particular, a sentiment-aware pre-trained language model is fine-tuned for sentiment analysis of policy. The Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) model is used to classify documents, e.g., posts collected from social media, into specific topics in an unsupervised manner. Then, entropy weights method (EWM) is used to extract public policy demands based on the classified topics. Meanwhile, a Jaccard distance-based approach is proposed to conduct the response analysis of policy adjustments. A retrospective analysis of transport policies during the COVID-19 pandemic in Wuhan, China is presented using the developed methodology. The results show that the developed policymaking support methodology can be an effective tool to evaluate the acceptance of anti-pandemic policies from the public's perspective, to assess the balance between policies and people's demands, and to further perform the response analysis of a series of policy adjustments based on online feedback.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Zha
- Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Tongji University, 4800 Cao'an Road, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Qian Ye
- Transport Planning and Research Institute of Ministry of Transport P.R. China, Beijing 100028, China, Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Tongji University, 4800 Cao'an Road, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Tongji University, College of Transportation Engineering, Tongji University, 4800 Cao'an Road, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Kaan Ozbay
- C2SMART Center, Department of Civil and Urban Engineering & Center for Urban Science and Progress (CUSP), Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, 15 MetroTech Center, 6th Floor, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA
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17
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Laureate CDP, Buntine W, Linger H. A systematic review of the use of topic models for short text social media analysis. Artif Intell Rev 2023:1-33. [PMID: 37362887 PMCID: PMC10150353 DOI: 10.1007/s10462-023-10471-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Recently, research on short text topic models has addressed the challenges of social media datasets. These models are typically evaluated using automated measures. However, recent work suggests that these evaluation measures do not inform whether the topics produced can yield meaningful insights for those examining social media data. Efforts to address this issue, including gauging the alignment between automated and human evaluation tasks, are hampered by a lack of knowledge about how researchers use topic models. Further problems could arise if researchers do not construct topic models optimally or use them in a way that exceeds the models' limitations. These scenarios threaten the validity of topic model development and the insights produced by researchers employing topic modelling as a methodology. However, there is currently a lack of information about how and why topic models are used in applied research. As such, we performed a systematic literature review of 189 articles where topic modelling was used for social media analysis to understand how and why topic models are used for social media analysis. Our results suggest that the development of topic models is not aligned with the needs of those who use them for social media analysis. We have found that researchers use topic models sub-optimally. There is a lack of methodological support for researchers to build and interpret topics. We offer a set of recommendations for topic model researchers to address these problems and bridge the gap between development and applied research on short text topic models. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10462-023-10471-x.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wray Buntine
- College of Engineering and Computer Science, VinUniversity, Vinhomes Ocean Park, Gia Lam District, Hanoi 10000 Vietnam
| | - Henry Linger
- Faculty of IT, Monash University, Wellington Rd, Clayton, VIC 3800 Australia
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18
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McFARLANE SJ, Yook B, Wicke R. Knowledge Gaps, Cognition and Media Learning: Designing Tailored Messages to Address COVID-19 Communication Inequalities. JOURNAL OF HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2023; 28:97-106. [PMID: 37390017 DOI: 10.1080/10810730.2023.2208049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Various health and crisis studies have demonstrated support for the existence of knowledge gaps-a hypothesis suggesting that information will reach those in the lower socioeconomic status last, worsening health disparities. At the point at which COVID-19 vaccines were becoming widely accessible, the present study surveyed 651 Black Americans to understand vaccine hesitancy, intentions, and media learning variations after exposure to different types of social media posts about the COVID-19 vaccine. Although exposure to any of the message conditions in our study resulted in a decrease in vaccine hesitancy, we found mixed support for the knowledge gap hypothesis. Results show that lack of knowledge because of socioeconomic status is not a key factor driving vaccine hesitancy among Black Americans. Instead, public communication (government) campaigns may consider focusing on strategies to target Black American communities by age to improve media learning, and consider increasing social control and communal message functions to increase cognitive processing of pro-vaccine messages, and over the longer term, influence COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bora Yook
- College of Arts & Sciences, Fairfield University, Fairfield, Connecticut, USA
| | - Rebekah Wicke
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
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19
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Janoudi G, Fell DB, Ray JG, Foster AM, Giffen R, Clifford TJ, Rodger MA, Smith GN, Walker MC. Augmented Intelligence for Clinical Discovery in Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy Using Outlier Analysis. Cureus 2023; 15:e36909. [PMID: 37009347 PMCID: PMC10065308 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.36909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Clinical discoveries are heralded by observing unique and unusual clinical cases. The effort of identifying such cases rests on the shoulders of busy clinicians. We assess the feasibility and applicability of an augmented intelligence framework to accelerate the rate of clinical discovery in preeclampsia and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy-an area that has seen little change in its clinical management. Methods We conducted a retrospective exploratory outlier analysis of participants enrolled in the folic acid clinical trial (FACT, N=2,301) and the Ottawa and Kingston birth cohort (OaK, N=8,085). We applied two outlier analysis methods: extreme misclassification contextual outlier and isolation forest point outlier. The extreme misclassification contextual outlier is based on a random forest predictive model for the outcome of preeclampsia in FACT and hypertensive disorder of pregnancy in OaK. We defined outliers in the extreme misclassification approach as mislabelled observations with a confidence level of more than 90%. Within the isolation forest approach, we defined outliers as observations with an average path length z score less or equal to -3, or more or equal to 3. Content experts reviewed the identified outliers and determined if they represented a potential novelty that could conceivably lead to a clinical discovery. Results In the FACT study, we identified 19 outliers using the isolation forest algorithm and 13 outliers using the random forest extreme misclassification approach. We determined that three (15.8%) and 10 (76.9%) were potential novelties, respectively. Out of 8,085 participants in the OaK study, we identified 172 outliers using the isolation forest algorithm and 98 outliers using the random forest extreme misclassification approach; four (2.3%) and 32 (32.7%), respectively, were potential novelties. Overall, the outlier analysis part of the augmented intelligence framework identified a total of 302 outliers. These were subsequently reviewed by content experts, representing the human part of the augmented intelligence framework. The clinical review determined that 49 of the 302 outliers represented potential novelties. Conclusions Augmented intelligence using extreme misclassification outlier analysis is a feasible and applicable approach for accelerating the rate of clinical discoveries. The use of an extreme misclassification contextual outlier analysis approach has resulted in a higher proportion of potential novelties than using the more traditional point outlier isolation forest approach. This finding was consistent in both the clinical trial and real-world cohort study data. Using augmented intelligence through outlier analysis has the potential to speed up the process of identifying potential clinical discoveries. This approach can be replicated across clinical disciplines and could exist within electronic medical records systems to automatically identify outliers within clinical notes to clinical experts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghayath Janoudi
- Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, CAN
- Clinical Epidemiology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, CAN
| | - Deshayne B Fell
- Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, CAN
- Maternal and Neonatal Research, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, CAN
| | - Joel G Ray
- Medicine, Health Policy Management and Evaluation, and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Saint Michael's Hospital, Toronto, CAN
| | | | - Randy Giffen
- Medical Research, International Business Machines (IBM) Corporation, Ottawa, CAN
| | - Tammy J Clifford
- Research, Canadian Institute of Health Research, Ottawa, CAN
- Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, CAN
| | - Marc A Rodger
- Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, CAN
- Clinical Epidemiology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, CAN
| | - Graeme N Smith
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kingston General Hospital, Kingston, CAN
- Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, CAN
| | - Mark C Walker
- Clinical Epidemiology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, CAN
- Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, CAN
- Maternal and Nenonatal Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, CAN
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, CAN
- Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Newborn Care, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, CAN
- Maternal and Nenonatal Research, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, CAN
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20
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Wade J, Poit ST, Lee A, Ryman S, McCain D, Doss C, Shrestha S, Morgan AA. Navigating a Pandemic: A Qualitative Study of Knowledge, Sources of Information, and COVID-19-Related Precautions Taken by HBCU Students. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2023; 10:193-204. [PMID: 35032009 PMCID: PMC8760116 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-021-01210-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus (COVID-19) has spread quickly across the nation with a disproportionate impact on Black Americans. Many college-aged students receive their COVID-19-related information through social media and television even though research suggests that social media sources are more likely to be incorrect. Some students report trusting these sources over government sources such as the CDC and WHO. The purpose of this study was to understand Historically Black College and University (HBCU) students' COVID-19 knowledge, sources of information, and planned precautions. There were 21 in-depth interviews conducted with students attending a large southern HBCU during Spring 2020. Themes regarding knowledge included the following: it is a flu-like condition, it has international roots, there is inaccurate and changing information, and it is a pandemic. Themes regarding sources included: the news, US government and related officials, social media, interactions with family, and other social interactions. Themes regarding severity included the following: statistics, a distrust for hospital reporting, a belief that COVID-19 deaths were conflated with baseline health, peer influence, and familial influence. Themes regarding precautions included the following: proper mask use, hand washing/ sanitizing, avoiding large crowds/small crowds only, physical distancing, COVID-19 testing/symptom monitoring, and COVID-19 vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeannette Wade
- North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC, USA.
| | | | - Anna Lee
- North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Sally Ryman
- North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Dextiny McCain
- North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Christopher Doss
- North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Smriti Shrestha
- North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Adrienne Aiken Morgan
- North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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21
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Kaushal A, Mandal A, Khanna D, Acharjee A. Analysis of the opinions of individuals on the COVID-19 vaccination on social media. Digit Health 2023; 9:20552076231186246. [PMID: 37448782 PMCID: PMC10336764 DOI: 10.1177/20552076231186246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic continues to threaten public health globally. To develop effective interventions and campaigns to raise vaccination rates, policy makers need to understand people's attitudes towards vaccination. We examine the perspectives of people in India, the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom on the administration of different COVID-19 vaccines. We analyse how public opinion and emotional tendencies regarding the COVID-19 vaccines relate to popular issues on social media. We employ machine learning algorithms to forecast thoughts based on the social media posts. The prevailing emotional tendency indicates that individuals have faith in immunisation. However, there is a likelihood that significant statements or events on a national, international, or political scale influence public perception of vaccinations. We show how public health officials can track public attitudes and opinions towards vaccine-related information in a geo-aware manner, respond to the sceptics, and increase the level of vaccine trust in a particular region or community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshay Kaushal
- HSBC Global Research, HSBC Global Banking and Markets, Bangalore, India
| | - Anandadeep Mandal
- Department of Finance, Birmingham Business School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Animesh Acharjee
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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22
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Janoudi G, Uzun (Rada) M, Boyd ST, Fell DB, Ray JG, Foster AM, Giffen R, Clifford TJ, Walker MC. Do Case Reports and Case Series Generate Clinical Discoveries About Preeclampsia? A Systematic Review. Int J Womens Health 2023; 15:411-425. [PMID: 36974131 PMCID: PMC10039711 DOI: 10.2147/ijwh.s397680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Preeclampsia is a leading cause of maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity. The management of preeclampsia has not changed much in more than two decades, and its aetiology is still not fully understood. Case reports and case series have traditionally been used to communicate new knowledge about existing conditions. Whether this is true for preeclampsia is not known. Objective To determine whether recent case reports or case series have generated new knowledge and clinical discoveries about preeclampsia. Methods A detailed search strategy was developed in consultation with a medical librarian. Two bibliographic databases were searched through Ovid: Embase and MEDLINE. We selected case reports or case series published between 2015 and 2020, comprising pregnant persons diagnosed with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, including preeclampsia. Two reviewers independently screened all publications. One reviewer extracted data from included studies, while another conducted a quality check of extracted data. We developed a codebook to guide our data extraction and outcomes assessment. The quality of each report was determined based on Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal checklist for case reports and case series. Results We included 104 case reports and three case series, together comprising 118 pregnancies. A severe presentation or complication of preeclampsia was reported in 81% of pregnancies, and 84% had a positive maternal outcome, free of death or persistent complications. Only 8% of the case reports were deemed to be of high quality, and 53.8% of moderate quality; none of the case series were of high quality. A total of 26 of the 107 publications (24.3%) included a novel clinical discovery as a central theme. Conclusion Over two-thirds of recent case reports and case series about preeclampsia do not appear to present new knowledge or discoveries about preeclampsia, and most are of low quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghayath Janoudi
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | - Stephanie T Boyd
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Deshayne B Fell
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) Research Institute, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Joel G Ray
- Departments of Medicine, Health Policy Management and Evaluation, and Obstetrics and Gynecology, St Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Angel M Foster
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | - Tammy J Clifford
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Canadian Institute of Health Research, Government of Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Mark C Walker
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- International and Global Health Office, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Newborn Care, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- BORN Ontario, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Correspondence: Mark C Walker, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Practice Changing Research, Box 241, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada, Tel +1 613-798-5555 x76655, Email
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Sun Y, Hamedani MF, Javidi G, Sheybani E, Hao F. Examining COVID-19 vaccine attitude using SEM-Artificial Neural Networks approach: a case from Reddit community. Health Promot Int 2022; 37:6823579. [DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daac157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Summary
As new coronavirus variants continue to emerge, in order to better address vaccine-related concerns and promote vaccine uptake in the next few years, the role played by online communities in shaping individuals’ vaccine attitudes has become an important lesson for public health practitioners and policymakers to learn. Examining the mechanism that underpins the impact of participating in online communities on the attitude toward COVID-19 vaccines, this study adopted a two-stage hybrid structural equation modeling (SEM)-artificial neural networks (ANN) approach to analyze the survey responses from 1037 Reddit community members. Findings from SEM demonstrated that in leading up to positive COVID-19 vaccine attitudes, sense of online community mediates the positive effects of perceived emotional support and social media usage, and perceived social norm mediates the positive effect of sense of online community as well as the negative effect of political conservatism. Health self-efficacy plays a moderating role between perceived emotional support and perceived social norm of COVID-19 vaccination. Results from the ANN model showed that online community members’ perceived social norm of COVID-19 vaccination acts as the most important predictor of positive COVID-19 vaccine attitudes. This study highlights the importance of harnessing online communities in designing COVID-related public health interventions and accelerating normative change in relation to vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Sun
- Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, College of Science and Liberal Arts, New Jersey Institute of Technology , Cullimore Hall, University Heights, Newark, New Jersey 07102 , USA
| | - Moez Farokhnia Hamedani
- School of Information Systems and Management, Muma College of Business, University of South Florida , 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620 , USA
| | - Giti Javidi
- School of Information Systems and Management, Muma College of Business, University of South Florida , 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620 , USA
| | - Ehsan Sheybani
- School of Information Systems and Management, Muma College of Business, University of South Florida , 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620 , USA
| | - Feng Hao
- Department of Sociology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of South Florida Sarasota-Manatee , 8350 N Tamiami Trail, Sarasota, Florida 34243 , USA
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Dumford AD, Miller AL, Lee CHK, Caskie A. Social Media Usage in Relation to their Peers: Comparing Male and Female College Students' Perceptions. COMPUTERS AND EDUCATION OPEN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.caeo.2022.100121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Kennewell S. Developing a meal service model for COVID-19 hotel quarantine-Lessons in emergency response planning for dietitians. Nutr Diet 2022; 80:229-231. [PMID: 36352837 PMCID: PMC9877721 DOI: 10.1111/1747-0080.12788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Kennewell
- Department of Nutrition and DieteticsRoyal Prince Alfred HospitalCamperdownNew South WalesAustralia
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Nguyen HT, Borazon EQ. Drivers of e-government use during the COVID-19 pandemic: the case of Vietnam. ONLINE INFORMATION REVIEW 2022. [DOI: 10.1108/oir-08-2021-0440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PurposeThe COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted various systems that drove people to adapt to certain technologies, such as electronic government services, for daily survival and to meet social distancing requirements. Therefore, this study aims to determine the antecedents of e-government use based on prospect theory and modified unified theory of acceptance use of technology (UTAUT) during a pandemic.Design/methodology/approachConvenience sampling of 368 respondents from Vietnam was conducted, and questionnaires were distributed personally or by email. The data were analyzed following a two-stage structural equation modeling (SEM) using SPSS v23 and AMOS v23. The validity and reliability of the instrument were tested and ensured.FindingsResults show that perceived severity drives government support and social influence while perceived security drives government support, social influence and trust. Social influence enhances government support and trust, which both drives e-government use. Mediation analysis shows that government support mediates perceived the influence of perceived severity on e-government use.Practical implicationsThe integration of prospect theory and UTAUT brings into light what will drive the adoption of e-government in the context of Vietnam. Supporting mechanisms, such as security measures, trust-building, government support and social influence, will drive citizens to adapt to technologies provided by the government but would also rely on the perceived risks and benefits.Originality/valueThis study integrates prospect theory and a modified version of UTAUT to explain the drivers of e-government use. The results reveal that under uncertainties, government support is critical in driving the use of e-government for people to manage the daily lives for survival.
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Shahabi N, Hosseini Z, Homayuni A, Ezati Rad R, Gharibzadeh A. Explaining the factors affecting women's life during COVID-19 lockdown: A qualitative study among women in Southern Iran. Health Sci Rep 2022; 5:e957. [PMID: 36439046 PMCID: PMC9686351 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The long-term impact of COVID-19 on women's health can cause serious damage to the family and society. Aim To explain the factors affecting women's life during COVID-19 lockdown in Southern Iran. Methods In this qualitative study, 20 women who referred to Bandar Abbas health care centers were interviewed and semi-structured interviews continued until data saturation. Results Data were extracted into seven categories as follows: socio-family influence, occupational challenges, financial concern, leisure time, access to services, psychological reactions, and physical problems. Conclusion We conclude that, lockdown had effects on women's life in terms of psychological, social, economic, and family relationships. Learning risk management skills can help manage these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Shahabi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of HealthHormozgan University of Medical SciencesBandar AbbasIran
| | - Zahra Hosseini
- Tobacco and Health Research CenterHormozgan university of Medical SciencesBandar abbasIran
| | - Atefeh Homayuni
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of HealthHormozgan University of Medical SciencesBandar AbbasIran
| | - Roghayeh Ezati Rad
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of HealthHormozgan University of Medical SciencesBandar AbbasIran
| | - Abdollah Gharibzadeh
- Tobacco and Health Research CenterHormozgan university of Medical SciencesBandar abbasIran
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Neves JCB, de França TC, Bastos MP, de Carvalho PVR, Gomes JO. Analysis of government agencies and stakeholders’ twitter communications during the first surge of COVID-19 in Brazil. Work 2022; 73:S81-S93. [DOI: 10.3233/wor-211213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Official authorities are in charge of communicating with the public in a consistent and coherent manner. The impact of social media on managing the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic potentially influenced social behavior in Brazil. OBJECTIVE: Using Twitter, this study analyzes communications about the COVID-19 pandemic from official agencies of the Brazilian government and key public sector decision-makers. METHOD: We captured public Twitter messages about COVID-19 exchanged between authorities at the federal, state, and municipal levels of government. These messages were further classified into guidance and information messages or disinformation messages. Finally, through analysis of tweets and their frequency, we evidenced the level of information generated by the three levels of government. RESULTS: Our analyses show an underestimation of the magnitude of the pandemic by Brazilian government authorities. None of the spheres of government anticipated the imminent health crisis, did not issue good recommendations and guidelines, and did not take preventive actions. CONCLUSION: The lack of governmental actions and adequate guidance in Brazil has led to an explosive increase in infected people and deaths. Surprisingly, this was not due to technical or structural reasons. It resulted from conflicting communication strategies implemented by the federal, state, and municipal governments in attempts to minimize the effects of COVID-19 on their local health structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júlio César Bispo Neves
- Departamento de Engenharia de Produção TEP, Universidade Federal Fluminense UFF, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Tiago Cruz de França
- Departamento de Computação DECOMP, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | - Mauro Penha Bastos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Informática PPGI, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Paulo Victor Rodrigues de Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Informática PPGI, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Instituto de Engenharia Nuclear IEN, Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear CNEN, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - José Orlando Gomes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Informática PPGI, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Verma N, Fleischmann KR, Zhou L, Xie B, Lee MK, Rich K, Shiroma K, Jia C, Zimmerman T. Trust in COVID-19 public health information. J Assoc Inf Sci Technol 2022; 73:ASI24712. [PMID: 36246042 PMCID: PMC9538952 DOI: 10.1002/asi.24712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the factors that influence trust in public health information is critical for designing successful public health campaigns during pandemics such as COVID-19. We present findings from a cross-sectional survey of 454 US adults-243 older (65+) and 211 younger (18-64) adults-who responded to questionnaires on human values, trust in COVID-19 information sources, attention to information quality, self-efficacy, and factual knowledge about COVID-19. Path analysis showed that trust in direct personal contacts (B = 0.071, p = .04) and attention to information quality (B = 0.251, p < .001) were positively related to self-efficacy for coping with COVID-19. The human value of self-transcendence, which emphasizes valuing others as equals and being concerned with their welfare, had significant positive indirect effects on self-efficacy in coping with COVID-19 (mediated by attention to information quality; effect = 0.049, 95% CI 0.001-0.104) and factual knowledge about COVID-19 (also mediated by attention to information quality; effect = 0.037, 95% CI 0.003-0.089). Our path model offers guidance for fine-tuning strategies for effective public health messaging and serves as a basis for further research to better understand the societal impact of COVID-19 and other public health crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Verma
- School of InformationThe University of Texas at AustinAustinTexasUSA
| | | | - Le Zhou
- Department of Work and OrganizationsUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
| | - Bo Xie
- School of InformationThe University of Texas at AustinAustinTexasUSA
- School of NursingThe University of Texas at AustinAustinTexasUSA
| | - Min Kyung Lee
- School of InformationThe University of Texas at AustinAustinTexasUSA
| | - Kate Rich
- Department of CommunicationUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Kristina Shiroma
- School of InformationThe University of Texas at AustinAustinTexasUSA
| | - Chenyan Jia
- School of Journalism and MediaThe University of Texas at AustinAustinTexasUSA
- Program on Democracy and the InternetStanford UniversityStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | - Tara Zimmerman
- School of InformationThe University of Texas at AustinAustinTexasUSA
- School of Library & Information StudiesTexas Woman's UniversityDentonTexasUSA
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Aleksandric A, Obasanya MJ, Melcher S, Nilizadeh S, Wilson GM. Your Tweets Matter: How Social Media Sentiments Associate with COVID-19 Vaccination Rates in the US. Online J Public Health Inform 2022; 14:e2. [PMID: 36120165 PMCID: PMC9473329 DOI: 10.5210/ojphi.v14i1.12419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aims of the study were to examine the association between social media sentiments surrounding COVID-19 vaccination and the effects on vaccination rates in the United States (US), as well as other contributing factors to the COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Method The dataset used in this study consists of vaccine-related English tweets collected in real-time from January 4 - May 11, 2021, posted within the US, as well as health literacy (HL), social vulnerability index (SVI), and vaccination rates at the state level. Results The findings presented in this study demonstrate a significant correlation between the sentiments of the tweets and the vaccination rate in the US. The results also suggest a significant negative association between HL and SVI and that the state demographics correlate with both HL and SVI. Discussion Social media activity provides insights into public opinion about vaccinations and helps determine the required public health interventions to increase the vaccination rate in the US. Conclusion Health literacy, social vulnerability index and monitoring of social media sentiments need to be considered in public health interventions as part of vaccination campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Aleksandric
- The University of Texas at Arlington, Multi-Interprofessional Center for Health Informatics, Arlington, TX,, USA
- The University of Texas at Arlington, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Arlington, TX,, USA
| | - Mercy Jesuloluwa Obasanya
- The University of Texas at Arlington, Multi-Interprofessional Center for Health Informatics, Arlington, TX,, USA
| | - Sarah Melcher
- The University of Texas at Arlington, Multi-Interprofessional Center for Health Informatics, Arlington, TX,, USA
| | - Shirin Nilizadeh
- The University of Texas at Arlington, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Arlington, TX,, USA
| | - Gabriela Mustata Wilson
- The University of Texas at Arlington, Multi-Interprofessional Center for Health Informatics, Arlington, TX,, USA
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COVID-19 Risk Management and Stakeholder Action Strategies: Conceptual Frameworks for Community Resilience in the Context of Indonesia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19158908. [PMID: 35897278 PMCID: PMC9332500 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19158908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has affected people’s lives globally. Indonesia has been significantly affected by this disease. COVID-19 has also affected certain social and economic aspects of Indonesia, including community resilience. Through a variety of contexts and geographic locales, we explore the previously mentioned concept of resilience. From existing literature reviews, we develop a holistic framework for community resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic. Then, we formulate crucial factors for community resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic: natural capital, social capital, human capital, stakeholder engagement, community participation, technology, and communication. Strategic stakeholder action in the community resilience domain has facilitated increases in economic as well financial capital for adapting to and surviving deficits in productivity in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study is a reflection on and a comparative review of the existing literature from different countries.
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Everyday life information seeking in South Korea during the COVID-19 pandemic: daily topics of information needs in social Q&A. ONLINE INFORMATION REVIEW 2022. [DOI: 10.1108/oir-10-2021-0547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PurposeThis study investigated information needs on COVID-19 by identifying topics discussed on social questions and answers (Q&A) about daily routines, problems, and health issues for survival. A layered model of contexts for everyday life information seeking (ELIS) was adapted for interpreting topics to better understand the contexts in which users could relate information needs.Design/methodology/approachQuestions and answers posted on Naver Knowledge-iN were collected and analyzed during the first nine months following the outbreak. Time distribution, topic modeling, and association rule mining were applied to examine the topics on COVID-19 and their temporal variation.FindingsNumerous topics related to the cognitive context (symptoms and masks) and situational contexts (international affairs, financial support, study, and work) were discovered. Topics related to social context were discussed moderately, but the number of questions on this topic increased with time. Strong associations were observed between terms related to symptoms, indicating their importance as a COVID-19 topic in health.Originality/valueThis study investigated topics of information needs using social Q&A data in which not only information inquiry but also information sharing coexist. The findings can help bridge the theory of ELIS to topic modeling in practice. The insights gained from this study can be used by information service providers for developing guidance and programs about how to survive during a pandemic.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/OIR-10-2021-0547.
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Shan Y, Ji M, Xie W, Zhang X, Ng Chok H, Li R, Qian X, Lam KY, Chow CY, Hao T. COVID-19-Related Health Inequalities Induced by the Use of Social Media: Systematic Review. JMIR INFODEMIOLOGY 2022; 2:e38453. [PMID: 36420437 PMCID: PMC9672898 DOI: 10.2196/38453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19-related health inequalities were reported in some studies, showing the failure in public health and communication. Studies investigating the contexts and causes of these inequalities pointed to the contribution of communication inequality or poor health literacy and information access to engagement with health care services. However, no study exclusively dealt with health inequalities induced by the use of social media during COVID-19. OBJECTIVE This review aimed to identify and summarize COVID-19-related health inequalities induced by the use of social media and the associated contributing factors and to characterize the relationship between the use of social media and health disparities during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS A systematic review was conducted on this topic in light of the protocol of the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) 2020 statement. Keyword searches were performed to collect papers relevant to this topic in multiple databases: PubMed (which includes MEDLINE [Ovid] and other subdatabases), ProQuest (which includes APA PsycINFO, Biological Science Collection, and others), ACM Digital Library, and Web of Science, without any year restriction. Of the 670 retrieved publications, 10 were initially selected based on the predefined selection criteria. These 10 articles were then subjected to quality analysis before being analyzed in the final synthesis and discussion. RESULTS Of the 10 articles, 1 was further removed for not meeting the quality assessment criteria. Finally, 9 articles were found to be eligible and selected for this review. We derived the characteristics of these studies in terms of publication years, journals, study locations, locations of study participants, study design, sample size, participant characteristics, and potential risk of bias, and the main results of these studies in terms of the types of social media, social media use-induced health inequalities, associated factors, and proposed resolutions. On the basis of the thematic synthesis of these extracted data, we derived 4 analytic themes, namely health information inaccessibility-induced health inequalities and proposed resolutions, misinformation-induced health inequalities and proposed resolutions, disproportionate attention to COVID-19 information and proposed resolutions, and higher odds of social media-induced psychological distress and proposed resolutions. CONCLUSIONS This paper was the first systematic review on this topic. Our findings highlighted the great value of studying the COVID-19-related health knowledge gap, the digital technology-induced unequal distribution of health information, and the resulting health inequalities, thereby providing empirical evidence for understanding the relationship between social media use and health inequalities in the context of COVID-19 and suggesting practical solutions to such disparities. Researchers, social media, health practitioners, and policy makers can draw on these findings to promote health equality while minimizing social media use-induced health inequalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Shan
- Nantong University Nantong China
| | - Meng Ji
- University of Sydney Sydney Australia
| | - Wenxiu Xie
- City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China
| | | | | | - Rongying Li
- South China Normal University Guangzhou China
| | - Xiaobo Qian
- South China Normal University Guangzhou China
| | - Kam-Yiu Lam
- City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China
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Kim YK, Fingerman KL. Daily social media use, social ties, and emotional well-being in later life. JOURNAL OF SOCIAL AND PERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS 2022; 39:1794-1813. [PMID: 37727534 PMCID: PMC10508904 DOI: 10.1177/02654075211067254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Older American adults are increasingly utilizing communication technologies, but research has seldom explored older adults' daily social media use and its interface with other "offline" social ties. To explore a complementary and/or compensatory function of social media in later life, this study employed data from the Daily Experiences and Well-Being Study (2016-2017) to examine associations between daily social media use, daily social encounters, social network structure, and daily mood. Community-dwelling older adults (N = 310; Mage = 73.96) reported on their overall social network structure (diversity in types of social ties and size of network), their daily social encounters in-person and by phone, social media use, and emotional well-being for 5 to 6 days. Multilevel models revealed that daily social media use was associated with daily mood in the context of daily social encounters and the size of the social network. Individuals reported less negative mood on days with more social media use and more in-person encounters. More daily social media use was associated with more positive mood for individuals with a relatively small social network but not for their counterparts with larger social networks. Findings suggest that social media is a distinct form of social resource in later life that may complement the emotional benefits of daily social encounters and compensate for the age-related reduction in social network size. Future research should consider how socially isolated older adults might use computer-mediated communication such as social media to foster a sense of social connection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijung K Kim
- Texas Aging & Longevity Center, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Karen L Fingerman
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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Public reactions towards Covid-19 vaccination through twitter before and after second wave in India. SOCIAL NETWORK ANALYSIS AND MINING 2022; 12:57. [PMID: 35668822 PMCID: PMC9151355 DOI: 10.1007/s13278-022-00885-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Social media have a significant impact on opinion building in public. Vaccination in India started in January 2021. We have seen many opinions towards vaccination of the people, as vaccination is one of the most crucial steps toward the fight against COVID-19. In this paper, we have compared the public’s sentiments towards COVID vaccination in India before the second wave and after the second wave. We worked by extracting tweets regarding vaccination in India, building our datasets. We extracted 5977 tweets before the second wave and 42,936 tweets after the second wave. We annotated the collected tweets into four categories, namely Provaccine, Antivaccine, Hesitant and Cognizant. We built a baseline model for sentiment analysis and have used multiple classification techniques among which Random Forest using the TF-IDF vectorization technique gave the best accuracy of 69% using max-features and n-estimators as parameters.
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Amiri P, Moulaei K, Bahaadinbeigy K, Ghaemi MM, Sheikhtaheri A. The information‐seeking behavior of medical sciences students toward COVID‐19 in mass and social media: A cross‐sectional study. Health Sci Rep 2022; 5:e648. [PMID: 35620539 PMCID: PMC9125876 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims During the COVID‐19 pandemic, college students can access health‐related information on the Internet to improve preventative behaviors, but they often judge the merits of such information and create challenges in the community. The aim of this study was to investigate information‐seeking behaviors in regard to COVID‐19 among students at Kerman University of Medical Sciences (KUMS) with the help of mass and social media. Methods The present study is a cross‐sectional study, which was conducted using an online researcher‐made questionnaire. An invitation to participate in the study was sent to 500 students at KUMS, of which 203 were selected according to the inclusion criteria and completed the questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. Results COVID‐19 news was mostly obtained through social media platforms such as WhatsApp, Telegram, Instagram, radio, and television, as well as online publications and news agencies. Social media platforms such as WhatsApp, Telegram, Instagram, and satellite networks such as BBC contained the most rumors about COVID‐19. Some of the most common misconceptions regarding COVID‐19 were as follows: “COVID‐19 is the deadliest disease in the world,” “COVID‐19 is a biological attack,” and “COVID‐19 disappears as the air temperature rises.” In addition, most of the virtual training provided through mass media focused on “refraining from visiting holy places and crowded locations such as markets,” “observing personal hygiene and refraining from touching the eyes, nose, and mouth with infected hands,” and “the role of quarantine in reducing the incidence of COVID‐19.” Conclusion Our findings demonstrated that during the pandemic, students used social media platforms the most to obtain health‐related information and these media have a significant impact on their willingness to engage in preventative behaviors and take the COVID‐19 risk seriously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parasto Amiri
- Student Research Committee, Department of Health Information Management Kerman University of Medical Sciences Kerman Iran
| | - Khadijeh Moulaei
- Student Research Committee, Department of Health Information Management Kerman University of Medical Sciences Kerman Iran
| | - Kambiz Bahaadinbeigy
- Medical Informatics Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health Kerman University of Medical Sciences Kerman Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Ghaemi
- Medical Informatics Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health Kerman University of Medical Sciences Kerman Iran
| | - Abbas Sheikhtaheri
- Department of Health Information Management, School of Health Management and Information Sciences Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
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Panneer S, Kantamaneni K, Palaniswamy U, Bhat L, Pushparaj RRB, Nayar KR, Soundari Manuel H, Flower FXLL, Rice L. Health, Economic and Social Development Challenges of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Strategies for Multiple and Interconnected Issues. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10050770. [PMID: 35627910 PMCID: PMC9140679 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10050770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19-pandemic-related economic and social crises are leading to huge challenges for all spheres of human life across the globe. Various challenges highlighted by this pandemic include, but are not limited to, the need for global health cooperation and security, better crisis management, coordinated funding in public health emergencies, and access to measures related to prevention, treatment and control. This systematic review explores health, economic and social development issues in a COVID-19 pandemic context and aftermath. Accordingly, a methodology that focuses on identifying relevant literature with a focus on meta-analysis is used. A protocol with inclusion and exclusion criteria was developed, with articles from 15 December 2019 to 15 March 2022 included in the study. This was followed by a review and data analysis. The research results reveal that non-pharmaceutical measures like social distancing, lockdown and quarantine have created long-term impacts on issues such as changes in production and consumption patterns, market crashes resulting in the closure of business operations, and the slowing down of the economy. COVID-19 has exposed huge health inequalities across most countries due to social stratification and unequal distribution of wealth and/or resources. People from lower socio-economic backgrounds lack access to essential healthcare services during this critical time for both COVID-19 and other non-COVID ailments. The review shows that there is minimal literature available with evidence and empirical backup; similarly, data/studies from all countries/regions are not available. We propose that there is a need to conduct empirical research employing a trans-disciplinary approach to develop the most effective and efficient strategies to combat the pandemic and its aftermath. There is a need to explore the social and ecological determinants of this contagious infection and develop strategies for the prevention and control of COVID-19 or similar infections in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigamani Panneer
- Department of Social Work, School of Social Sciences and Humanities, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur 610005, Tamil Nadu, India; (U.P.); (L.B.); (R.R.B.P.)
- Correspondence: (S.P.); (K.K.)
| | - Komali Kantamaneni
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, UK
- Correspondence: (S.P.); (K.K.)
| | - Udhayakumar Palaniswamy
- Department of Social Work, School of Social Sciences and Humanities, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur 610005, Tamil Nadu, India; (U.P.); (L.B.); (R.R.B.P.)
| | - Lekha Bhat
- Department of Social Work, School of Social Sciences and Humanities, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur 610005, Tamil Nadu, India; (U.P.); (L.B.); (R.R.B.P.)
| | - Robert Ramesh Babu Pushparaj
- Department of Social Work, School of Social Sciences and Humanities, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur 610005, Tamil Nadu, India; (U.P.); (L.B.); (R.R.B.P.)
| | - Kesavan Rajasekharan Nayar
- Global Institute of Public Health, Ananthapuri Hospitals and Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram 695024, Kerala, India;
| | - Hilaria Soundari Manuel
- Centre for Applied Research, The Gandhigram Rural Institute, Deemed to be University, Gandhigram, Dindigul 624302, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | | | - Louis Rice
- Centre for Architecture and Built Environment Research, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK;
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Jacques ET, Basch CH, Park E, Kollia B, Barry E. Long Haul COVID-19 Videos on YouTube: Implications for Health Communication. J Community Health 2022; 47:610-615. [PMID: 35412189 PMCID: PMC9002226 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-022-01086-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The term COVID-19 “long haul” originated on social media and was later studied by the scientific community. This study describes content related to persistent COVID-19 symptoms on YouTube. The 100 most viewed English-language videos identified with the keywords “COVID-19 long haul” were assessed for video origin, engagement, and content related to COVID-19 long-haul. The findings indicate that the majority of videos were uploaded by television or internet news (56%), followed by consumers (members of the public, 32%), health professionals (only 9%), and lastly by entertainment TV (non-news programs, 3%). Videos originating from entertainment TV were significantly more likely to be “liked” than videos from other sources. The most commonly mentioned long-haul symptoms in the videos were physical (fatigue, 73%; difficulty breathing/shortness of breath, 56%; and joint or muscle pain, 49%) and cognitive (difficulty thinking or concentrating; 69%). The case of COVID-19 long haul demonstrates that social media are significant fora whereon the public identify health concerns. It is necessary for healthcare professionals to assume an active and responsible role in social media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin T Jacques
- Department of Health & Human Performance, York College, CUNY, 94-20 Guy R. Brewer Blvd., Jamaica, NY, 11451, USA.
| | - Corey H Basch
- Department of Public Health, William Paterson University, Wayne, NJ, 07470, USA
| | - Eunsun Park
- Department of Communication Disorders & Sciences, William Paterson University, Wayne, NJ, 07470, USA
| | - Betty Kollia
- Department of Communication Disorders & Sciences, William Paterson University, Wayne, NJ, 07470, USA
| | - Emma Barry
- Department of Public Health, William Paterson University, Wayne, NJ, 07470, USA
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Joseph AM, Fernandez V, Kritzman S, Eaddy I, Cook OM, Lambros S, Jara Silva CE, Arguelles D, Abraham C, Dorgham N, Gilbert ZA, Chacko L, Hirpara RJ, Mayi BS, Jacobs RJ. COVID-19 Misinformation on Social Media: A Scoping Review. Cureus 2022; 14:e24601. [PMID: 35664409 PMCID: PMC9148617 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.24601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Social media allows for easy access and sharing of information in real-time. Since the beginning of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, social media has been used as a tool for public health officials to spread valuable information. However, many Internet users have also used it to spread misinformation, commonly referred to as "fake news." The spread of misinformation can lead to detrimental effects on the infrastructure of healthcare and society. The purpose of this scoping review was to identify the sources and impact of COVID-19 misinformation on social media and examine potential strategies for limiting the spread of misinformation. A systemized search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science electronic databases using search terms relevant to the COVID-19 pandemic, social media, misinformation, or disinformation was conducted. Identified titles and abstracts were screened to select original reports and cross-checked for duplications. Using both inclusion and exclusion criteria, results from the initial literature search were screened by independent reviewers. After quality assessment and screening for relevance, 20 articles were included in the final review. The following three themes emerged: (1) sources of misinformation, (2) impact of misinformation, and (3) strategies to limit misinformation about COVID-19 on social media. Misinformation was commonly shared on social media platforms such as Twitter, YouTube, Facebook, messaging applications, and personal websites. The utilization of social media for the dissemination of evidence-based information was shown to be beneficial in combating misinformation. The evidence suggests that both individual websites and social media networks play a role in the spread of COVID-19 misinformation. This practice may potentially exacerbate the severity of the pandemic, create mistrust in public health experts, and impact physical and mental health. Efforts to limit and prevent misinformation require interdisciplinary, multilevel approaches involving government and public health agencies, social media corporations, and social influencers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M Joseph
- Medical School, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, USA
| | - Virginia Fernandez
- Medical School, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, USA
| | - Sophia Kritzman
- Medical School, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, USA
| | - Isabel Eaddy
- Medical School, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, USA
| | - Olivia M Cook
- Medical School, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, USA
| | - Sarah Lambros
- Medical School, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, USA
| | - Cesar E Jara Silva
- Medical School, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, USA
| | - Daryl Arguelles
- Medical School, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, USA
| | - Christy Abraham
- Medical School, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, USA
| | - Noelle Dorgham
- Medical School, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, USA
| | - Zachary A Gilbert
- Medical School, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, USA
| | - Lindsey Chacko
- Medical School, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, USA
| | - Ram J Hirpara
- Medical School, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, USA
| | - Bindu S Mayi
- Basic Sciences, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, USA
| | - Robin J Jacobs
- Medical and Behavioral Research; Health Informatics; Medical Education, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, USA
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Brailovskaia J, Margraf J. Relationship between sense of control, psychological burden, sources of information and adherence to anti-COVID-19 rules. JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS REPORTS 2022; 8:100317. [PMID: 35165674 PMCID: PMC8828294 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2022.100317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adherence to anti-COVID-19 rules is important to slow down the pandemic spread. The present study investigated potential predictors of the adherence. METHODS Data of 1.247 participants from Germany (age: M (SD) = 22.99 (6.18)) were assessed via online surveys in autumn and winter 2020. The focus of the data collection was on adherence to anti-COVID-19 rules, sense of control, psychological burden, and sources of COVID-19 information. RESULTS In moderated mediation analyses, the positive relationship between sense of control and adherence to anti-COVID-19 rules was significantly mediated by the level of psychological burden experienced by the COVID-19 situation. The source of COVID-19 information significantly moderated the negative association between burden and adherence. Specifically, the higher the use of social media (e.g., Facebook, Twitter) and the lower the use of official governmental sites and of television reports, the closer the link between high burden and low adherence. LIMITATIONS Due to the cross-sectional study design, the present findings allow only hypothetical assumptions of causality. CONCLUSIONS The present results disclose potential mechanisms that could contribute to the adherence to anti-COVID-19 rules. They emphasize the role of the COVID-19 information source for the adherence level. Potential ways of how the level of adherence could be enhanced are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Brailovskaia
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - J Margraf
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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Alotaibi K, Alotiby A. Most Common Social Media Platforms in Saudi Arabia for Sharing COVID-19 Medical Information. SAUDI JOURNAL OF HEALTH SYSTEMS RESEARCH 2022. [PMCID: PMC9059090 DOI: 10.1159/000523728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Introduction This study is a quantitative analysis of the most commonly used social media platforms during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic among health care workers (HCWs) and non-HCWs (NHCWs) for sharing medical information pertaining to protective measures against COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia. Methods An online survey was administered during the first 3 months of COVID-19 lockdown in Saudi Arabia. The sample size of the study was 1,249, including 275 HCWs and 974 NHCWs. Results The findings show that WhatsApp is the most used social media platform in Saudi Arabia, followed by Twitter. Popular social media sites among HCWs are Instagram, WhatsApp, Snapchat, Telegram, and Twitter. Future researchers might investigate how HCWs assess the validity, trust, and reliability of information on social media platforms. Conclusion This study has implications for how to effectively disseminate information through social media platforms based on health care specialty and demographics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Alotaibi
- Department of Marketing, Faculty of Business Administration, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amna Alotiby
- Department of Hematology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
- *Amna Alotiby,
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Davis BD, McKnight DE, Teodorescu D, Quan-Haase A, Chunara R, Fyshe A, Lizotte DJ. Quantifying depression-related language on social media during the COVID-19 pandemic. Int J Popul Data Sci 2022; 5:1716. [PMID: 35516163 PMCID: PMC9052361 DOI: 10.23889/ijpds.v5i4.1716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic had clear impacts on mental health. Social media presents an opportunity for assessing mental health at the population level. Objectives 1) Identify and describe language used on social media that is associated with discourse about depression. 2) Describe the associations between identified language and COVID-19 incidence over time across several geographies. Methods We create a word embedding based on the posts in Reddit's /r/Depression and use this word embedding to train representations of active authors. We contrast these authors against a control group and extract keywords that capture differences between the two groups. We filter these keywords for face validity and to match character limits of an information retrieval system, Elasticsearch. We retrieve all geo-tagged posts on Twitter from April 2019 to June 2021 from Seattle, Sydney, Mumbai, and Toronto. The tweets are scored with BM25 using the keywords. We call this score rDD. We compare changes in average score over time with case counts from the pandemic's beginning through June 2021. Results We observe a pattern in rDD across all cities analyzed: There is an increase in rDD near the start of the pandemic which levels off over time. However, in Mumbai we also see an increase aligned with a second wave of cases. Conclusions Our results are concordant with other studies which indicate that the impact of the pandemic on mental health was highest initially and was followed by recovery, largely unchanged by subsequent waves. However, in the Mumbai data we observed a substantial rise in rDD with a large second wave. Our results indicate possible un-captured heterogeneity across geographies, and point to a need for a better understanding of this differential impact on mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brent D. Davis
- Department of Computer Science, Western University, London, ON, Canada, N6A 3K7
| | - Dawn Estes McKnight
- Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2R3
| | - Daniela Teodorescu
- Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2R3
| | - Anabel Quan-Haase
- Department of Sociology, Western University, London, ON, Canada, N6A 3K7
- Faculty of Information and Media Studies, Western University, London, ON, Canada, N6A 3K7
| | - Rumi Chunara
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, New York University, New York, NY, 10003
- Department of Biostatistics, New York University, New York, NY, 10003
| | - Alona Fyshe
- Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2R3
- Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada, T6G2R3
| | - Daniel J. Lizotte
- Department of Computer Science, Western University, London, ON, Canada, N6A 3K7
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, ON,N6A 3K7
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Ghisi GL, Santos RZ, Korbes AS, Souza CAD, Karsten M, Oh P, Benetti M. Percepções dos Participantes de Reabilitação Cardíaca sobre seus Comportamentos em Saúde e Necessidades de Informação durante a Pandemia COVID-19 no Brasil. Arq Bras Cardiol 2022; 118:949-960. [PMID: 35384967 PMCID: PMC9368887 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20210447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Huang Z, Guo H, Lim HYF, Chow A. Determinants of the acceptance and adoption of a digital contact tracing tool during the COVID-19 pandemic in Singapore. Epidemiol Infect 2022; 150:e54. [PMID: 35232505 PMCID: PMC8914141 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268822000401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The motivations that govern the adoption of digital contact tracing (DCT) tools are complex and not well understood. Hence, we assessed the factors influencing the acceptance and adoption of Singapore's national DCT tool - TraceTogether - during the COVID-19 pandemic. We surveyed 3943 visitors of Tan Tock Seng Hospital from July 2020 to February 2021 and stratified the analyses into three cohorts. Each cohort was stratified based on the time when significant policy interventions were introduced to increase the adoption of TraceTogether. Binary logistic regression was preceded by principal components analysis to reduce the Likert items. Respondents who 'perceived TraceTogether as useful and necessary' had higher likelihood of accepting it but those with 'Concerns about personal data collected by TraceTogether' had lower likelihood of accepting and adopting the tool. The injunctive and descriptive social norms were also positively associated with both the acceptance and adoption of the tool. Liberal individualism was mixed in the population and negatively associated with the acceptance and adoption of TraceTogether. Policy measures to increase the uptake of a national DCT bridged the digital divide and accelerated its adoption. However, good public communications are crucial to address the barriers of acceptance to improve voluntary uptake widespread adoption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilian Huang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Office of Clinical Epidemiology, Analytics, and Knowledge (OCEAN), Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Huiling Guo
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Office of Clinical Epidemiology, Analytics, and Knowledge (OCEAN), Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hannah Yee-Fen Lim
- Nanyang Business School, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Angela Chow
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Office of Clinical Epidemiology, Analytics, and Knowledge (OCEAN), Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
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Beck AM, Piontek AJ, Wiedenman EM, Gilbert A. Perceptions of COVID-19 Mitigation Strategies between Rural and Non-Rural Adults in the US: How Public Health Nurses Can Fill the Gap. NURSING REPORTS 2022; 12:188-197. [PMID: 35324565 PMCID: PMC8954485 DOI: 10.3390/nursrep12010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to capture the perceptions of COVID-19 mitigations' efficacy of rural and non-rural participants, using the health belief model (HBM), as well as to describe where public health nursing may be able to fill behavior gaps in rural communities. Rural and non-rural participants completed electronic surveys. Surveys collected demographic information and perceptions of various mitigation strategies' effectiveness. Rurality was significantly associated with perceptions of the effectiveness of public health mitigation strategies including wearing facemasks, limiting time indoors, avoiding gatherings, non-essential business closure, and staying home. Our findings suggest people in rural areas perceive mitigations to be effective. Other researchers have consistently shown rural residents are least likely to partake in the same mitigations. Rural public health nurses on the front line serve as the key to closing the aforementioned gap. Understanding where their community's perceptions lie is pivotal in creating educational programs to continue mitigation efforts as we embark on the second year of this pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan M. Beck
- Prevention Research Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA; (E.M.W.); (A.G.)
| | - Amy J. Piontek
- Goldfarb School of Nursing, Barnes-Jewish College, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA;
| | - Eric M. Wiedenman
- Prevention Research Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA; (E.M.W.); (A.G.)
- Department of Surgery, Division of Public Health Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Amanda Gilbert
- Prevention Research Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA; (E.M.W.); (A.G.)
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Sbardelotto J, Martins BB, Buss C. Use of Social Networks in the Context of the Dietitian's Practice in Brazil and Changes During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Exploratory Study. JMIR Form Res 2022; 6:e31533. [PMID: 35023837 PMCID: PMC8887558 DOI: 10.2196/31533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Social networks have been pointed out as 1 of the greatest means of spreading information. A large part of the population is already present on these platforms, looking up subjects such as health, nutrition, and food. To reach this audience, it may be important for dietitians to explore social networks. However, there is a gap in scientific studies on exploring the ways in which these platforms are used by dietitians in Brazil, and the roles they play in the profession have not been well defined. Objective This study aims to describe the roles that social networks play in dietitians' practice in Brazil and their mode of use of social networks. This study also aims to identify professionals’ perceptions and opinions regarding the use of these tools, as well as changes in behavior on social network usage caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods We carried out a quantitative cross-sectional study, collecting data through an online questionnaire, submitted between October 2020 and January 2021 to dietitians registered on the Federal Council of Dietitians. All participants included in the study answered questions about the use of social networks in their professional context. Results In total, 264 (91.7%) of the 288 participants reported using social networks for professional practice. Instagram was the social network most often used by professionals (224/264, 84.8%). Dietitians (N=288) related to the use of social networks (always to almost always) for sharing information about their services (n=114-72 [39.6%-25%], respectively), following the work of other dietitians (n=172-64 [59.7%-22.2%], respectively), and writing about topics related to food and nutrition (n=166-53 [57.6%-18.4%], respectively). The roles played by social networks in the professional context of dietitians were attracting more clients (210/289, 72.7%) and keeping in touch with them (195/289, 67.5%). Furthermore, 227 (78.5%) of the 289 dietitians strongly agreed that social networks are good tools to promote their services. During the COVID-19 pandemic, 216 (74.7%) of the 289 participants noticed changes in their behavior, feelings, or beliefs on the use of social networks related to professional practice, and 149 (51.6%) have increased the frequency of sharing information about nutrition and health in general on social networks. Conclusions The main roles of social networks in the professional context of dietitians are to attract clients and to facilitate the contact between professional and client. The modes of use reported by the professionals included sharing information about their services, following the work of professional colleagues, and writing about topics related to nutrition. Most of them reported believing that social networks are an effective way to disseminate their services. Moreover, most professionals claimed to have noticed changes in their behaviors or beliefs on social media during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jackson Sbardelotto
- Nutrition Course, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Birck Martins
- Nutrition Course, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Caroline Buss
- Department of Nutrition, Graduate Study Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Ahmadi S, Irandoost SF, Ahmadi A, Yoosefi Lebni J, Mohammadi Gharehghani MA, Baba Safari N. Explaining Experiences, Challenges and Adaptation Strategies in COVID-19 Patients: A Qualitative Study in Iran. Front Public Health 2022; 9:778026. [PMID: 35186867 PMCID: PMC8850373 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.778026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Getting COVID-19 makes a person confront numerous individual, physical, psychological, family and social challenges. Therefore, the present study was conducted to explain the experiences, challenges and adaptation strategies in patients with COVID-19 in Tehran, Iran. METHODS The present study was performed with a qualitative approach and phenomenological method among 33 patients with COVID-19. From July 20 to September 21, access to participants and data collection were done in person (15 people) and by phone (18 people) through targeted sampling and snowball and semi-structured interviews. Data management was carried out using MAXQDA-2018 software and its analysis was done by the Colaizzi analysis method. Guba and Lincoln's criteria were also observed to improve the quality of results. RESULTS After analyzing the data, two main categories and 17 subcategories were obtained, including (1) experiences and challenges (ignoring the disease, blaming, physical health disorders, mental problems, guilt, and remorse, being blamed, living a life of disappointment and ambiguity, emotional challenges, frustrating reactions from others, helplessness and limitation) and (2) disease adaptation strategies (spirituality, learning about COVID-19, doing valuable and fun activities, participating in treatment, strengthening one's spirit and hope, trying to make up for past mistakes and virtual communication). CONCLUSIONS Based on the results, interventions and policies such as increasing people's health knowledge and literacy to get acquainted with the symptoms of the disease and prompt referral for diagnosis and treatment, teaching stress and psychological pressure management techniques, instructing families to continue emotional and social support for patients and strengthening and reproducing the strategies patients use, along with teaching disease coping skills, harnessing the potential of cyberspace and the media can make it easier to tolerate illness and get back to life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Ahmadi
- Department of Social Welfare Management, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Social Welfare Management Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Fahim Irandoost
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Ahmad Ahmadi
- PhD in Educational Technology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Yoosefi Lebni
- Health Promotion Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Nafe Baba Safari
- PhD in Anthropology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Trust in social media brands and perceived media values: A survey study in China. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2021.107024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Zhang M, Qi X, Chen Z, Liu J. Social Bots' Involvement in the COVID-19 Vaccine Discussions on Twitter. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031651. [PMID: 35162673 PMCID: PMC8835429 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, social media served as an important channel for the public to obtain health information and disseminate opinions when offline communication was severely hindered. Yet the emergence of social bots influencing social media conversations about public health threats will require researchers and practitioners to develop new communication strategies considering their influence. So far, little is known as to what extent social bots have been involved in COVID-19 vaccine-related discussions and debates on social media. This work selected a period of nearly 9 months after the approval of the first COVID-19 vaccines to detect social bots and performed high-frequency word analysis for both social bot-generated and human-generated tweets, thus working out the extent to which social bots participated in the discussion on the COVID-19 vaccine on Twitter and their participation features. Then, a textual analysis was performed on the content of tweets. The findings revealed that 8.87% of the users were social bots, with 11% of tweets in the corpus. Besides, social bots remained active over three periods. High-frequency words in the discussions of social bots and human users on vaccine topics were similar within the three peaks of discourse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menghan Zhang
- Centre for Chinese Urbanization Studies of Soochow University & Collaborative Innovation Center for New Urbanization and Social Governance of Universities, Suzhou 215006, China;
- School of Communication, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (X.Q.); (Z.C.)
| | - Xue Qi
- School of Communication, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (X.Q.); (Z.C.)
| | - Ze Chen
- School of Communication, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (X.Q.); (Z.C.)
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Communication, University of Copenhagen, DK-2300 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Correspondence:
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Cyberchondria, Fear of COVID-19, and Risk Perception Mediate the Association between Problematic Social Media Use and Intention to Get a COVID-19 Vaccine. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10010122. [PMID: 35062783 PMCID: PMC8779372 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10010122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccination is the most effective way to control the COVID-19 pandemic, but vaccination hesitancy threatens this effort worldwide. Consequently, there is a need to understand what influences individuals’ intention to get a COVID-19 vaccine. Restriction of information gathering on societal developments to social media may influence attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination through exposure to disinformation and imbalanced arguments. The present study examined the association between problematic social media use and intention to get the COVID-19 vaccine, taking into account the mediating roles of cyberchondria, fear of COVID-19, and COVID-19 risk perception. In a cross-sectional survey study, a total of 10,843 residents of Qazvin City, Iran completed measures on problematic social media use, fear of COVID-19, cyberchondria, COVID-19 risk perception, and intention to get a COVID-19 vaccine. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). The results showed that there was no direct association between problematic social media use and intention to get a COVID-19 vaccine. Nonetheless, cyberchondria, fear of COVID-19, and COVID-19 risk perception (each or serially) mediated associations between problematic social media use and intention to get a COVID-19 vaccine. These results add to the understanding of the role of problematic social media use in COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, i.e., it is not the quantity of social media use per se that matters. This knowledge of the mediating roles of cyberchondria, fear of COVID-19, and COVID-19 risk perception can be used by public health experts and policymakers when planning educational interventions and other initiatives in COVID-19 vaccination programs.
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