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Jones GL, Albadawi H, Hariri LP, Bouma BE, Oklu R, Villiger M. Aging of deep venous thrombosis in-vivo using polarization sensitive optical coherence tomography. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 15:3627-3638. [PMID: 38867781 PMCID: PMC11166430 DOI: 10.1364/boe.522238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is a medical condition with significant post-event morbidity and mortality coupled with limited treatment options. Treatment strategy and efficacy are highly dependent on the structural composition of the thrombus, which evolves over time from initial formation and is currently unevaluable with standard clinical testing. Here, we investigate the use of intravascular polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) to assess thrombus morphology and composition in a rat DVT model in-vivo, including changes that occur over the thrombus aging process. PS-OCT measures tissue birefringence, which provides contrast for collagen and smooth muscle cells that are present in older, chronic clots. Thrombi in the inferior vena cava of two cohorts of rats were imaged in-vivo with intravascular PS-OCT at 24 hours (acute, nrats = 3, 73 cross-sections) or 28 days (chronic, nrats = 4, 41 cross-sections) after thrombus formation. Co-registered histology was labelled by an independent pathologist to establish ground-truth clot composition. Automated analysis of OCT cross-sectional images differentiated acute and chronic thrombi with 97.6% sensitivity and 98.6% specificity using a linear discriminant model comprised of both polarization and conventional OCT metrics. These results support PS-OCT as a highly sensitive imaging modality for the assessment of DVT composition to differentiate acute and chronic thrombi. Intravascular PS-OCT imaging could be integrated with advanced catheter-based treatment strategies and serve to guide therapeutic decision-making and deployment, by offering an accurate assessment of DVT patients in real time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia L. Jones
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Harvard Medical School and Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Hassan Albadawi
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA
| | - Lida P. Hariri
- Harvard Medical School and Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Brett E. Bouma
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Harvard Medical School and Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Rahmi Oklu
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA
| | - Martin Villiger
- Harvard Medical School and Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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2
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Bec J, Zhou X, Villiger M, Southard JA, Bouma B, Marcu L. Dual modality intravascular catheter system combining pulse-sampling fluorescence lifetime imaging and polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 15:2114-2132. [PMID: 38633060 PMCID: PMC11019710 DOI: 10.1364/boe.516515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
The clinical management of coronary artery disease and the prevention of acute coronary syndromes require knowledge of the underlying atherosclerotic plaque pathobiology. Hybrid imaging modalities capable of comprehensive assessment of biochemical and morphological plaques features can address this need. Here we report the first implementation of an intravascular catheter system combining fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIm) with polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PSOCT). This system provides multi-scale assessment of plaque structure and composition via high spatial resolution morphology from OCT, polarimetry-derived tissue microstructure, and biochemical composition from FLIm, without requiring any molecular contrast agent. This result was achieved with a low profile (2.7 Fr) double-clad fiber (DCF) catheter and high speed (100 fps B-scan rate, 40 mm/s pullback speed) console. Use of a DCF and broadband rotary junction required extensive optimization to mitigate the reduction in OCT performance originating from additional reflections and multipath artifacts. This challenge was addressed by the development of a broad-band (UV-visible-IR), high return loss (47 dB) rotary junction. We demonstrate in phantoms, ex vivo swine coronary specimens and in vivo swine heart (percutaneous coronary access) that the FLIm-PSOCT catheter system can simultaneously acquire co-registered FLIm data over four distinct spectral bands (380/20 nm, 400/20 nm, 452/45 nm, 540/45 nm) and PSOCT backscattered intensity, birefringence, and depolarization. The unique ability to collect complementary information from tissue (e.g., morphology, extracellular matrix composition, inflammation) with a device suitable for percutaneous coronary intervention offers new opportunities for cardiovascular research and clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Bec
- Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Xiangnan Zhou
- Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Martin Villiger
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Jeffrey A. Southard
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, UC Davis Health System, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Brett Bouma
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Laura Marcu
- Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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3
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Haft-Javaherian M, Villiger M, Otsuka K, Daemen J, Libby P, Golland P, Bouma BE. Segmentation of anatomical layers and imaging artifacts in intravascular polarization sensitive optical coherence tomography using attending physician and boundary cardinality losses. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 15:1719-1738. [PMID: 38495711 PMCID: PMC10942710 DOI: 10.1364/boe.514673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Intravascular ultrasound and optical coherence tomography are widely available for assessing coronary stenoses and provide critical information to optimize percutaneous coronary intervention. Intravascular polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) measures the polarization state of the light scattered by the vessel wall in addition to conventional cross-sectional images of subsurface microstructure. This affords reconstruction of tissue polarization properties and reveals improved contrast between the layers of the vessel wall along with insight into collagen and smooth muscle content. Here, we propose a convolutional neural network model, optimized using two new loss terms (Boundary Cardinality and Attending Physician), that takes advantage of the additional polarization contrast and classifies the lumen, intima, and media layers in addition to guidewire and plaque shadows. Our model segments the media boundaries through fibrotic plaques and continues to estimate the outer media boundary behind shadows of lipid-rich plaques. We demonstrate that our multi-class classification model outperforms existing methods that exclusively use conventional OCT data, predominantly segment the lumen, and consider subsurface layers at most in regions of minimal disease. Segmentation of all anatomical layers throughout diseased vessels may facilitate stent sizing and will enable automated characterization of plaque polarization properties for investigation of the natural history and significance of coronary atheromas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Haft-Javaherian
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Martin Villiger
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Kenichiro Otsuka
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Joost Daemen
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Libby
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Polina Golland
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Brett E. Bouma
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
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4
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Jones GL, Xiong Q, Liu X, Bouma BE, Villiger M. Single-input polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography through a catheter. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 14:4609-4626. [PMID: 37791262 PMCID: PMC10545192 DOI: 10.1364/boe.497123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Intravascular polarimetry with catheter-based polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) complements the high-resolution structural tomograms of OCT with morphological contrast available through polarimetry. Its clinical translation has been complicated by the need for modification of conventional OCT hardware to enable polarimetric measurements. Here, we present a signal processing method to reconstruct the polarization properties of tissue from measurements with a single input polarization state, bypassing the need for modulation or multiplexing of input states. Our method relies on a polarization symmetry intrinsic to round-trip measurements and uses the residual spectral variation of the polarization states incident on the tissue to avoid measurement ambiguities. We demonstrate depth-resolved birefringence and optic axis orientation maps reconstructed from in-vivo data of human coronary arteries. We validate our method through comparison with conventional dual-input state measurements and find a mean cumulative retardance error of 13.2deg without observable bias. The 95% limit of agreement between depth-resolved birefringence is 2.80 · 10-4, which is less than the agreement between two repeat pullbacks of conventional PS-OCT (3.14 · 10-4), indicating that the two methods can be used interchangeably. The hardware simplification arising from using a single input state may be decisive in realizing the potential of polarimetric measurements for assessing coronary atherosclerosis in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia L. Jones
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Qiaozhou Xiong
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, 169856, Singapore
- Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, 169857, Singapore
| | - Brett E. Bouma
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Martin Villiger
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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5
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Kitada R, Otsuka K, Fukuda D. Role of plaque imaging for identification of vulnerable patients beyond the stage of myocardial ischemia. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1095806. [PMID: 37008333 PMCID: PMC10063905 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1095806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) is a progressive disease, which often first manifests as acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Imaging modalities are clinically useful in making decisions about the management of patients with CCS. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that myocardial ischemia is a surrogate marker for CCS management; however, its ability to predict cardiovascular death or nonfatal myocardial infarction is limited. Herein, we present a review that highlights the latest knowledge available on coronary syndromes and discuss the role and limitations of imaging modalities in the diagnosis and management of patients with coronary artery disease. This review covers the essential aspects of the role of imaging in assessing myocardial ischemia and coronary plaque burden and composition. Furthermore, recent clinical trials on lipid-lowering and anti-inflammatory therapies have been discussed. Additionally, it provides a comprehensive overview of intracoronary and noninvasive cardiovascular imaging modalities and an understanding of ACS and CCS, with a focus on histopathology and pathophysiology.
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6
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Seguchi M, Aytekin A, Lenz T, Nicol P, Klosterman GR, Beele A, Sabic E, Utsch L, Alyaqoob A, Gorpas D, Ntziachristos V, Jaffer FA, Rauschendorfer P, Joner M. Intravascular molecular imaging: translating pathophysiology of atherosclerosis into human disease conditions. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2022; 24:e1-e16. [PMID: 36002376 DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeac163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Progression of atherosclerotic plaque in coronary arteries is characterized by complex cellular and non-cellular molecular interactions. Within recent years, atherosclerosis has been recognized as inflammation-driven disease condition, where progressive stages are characterized by morphological changes in plaque composition but also relevant molecular processes resulting in increased plaque vulnerability. While existing intravascular imaging modalities are able to resolve key morphological features during plaque progression, they lack capability to characterize the molecular profile of advanced atherosclerotic plaque. Because hybrid imaging modalities may provide incremental information related to plaque biology, they are expected to provide synergistic effects in detecting high risk patients and lesions. The aim of this article is to review existing literature on intravascular molecular imaging approaches, and to provide clinically oriented proposals of their application. In addition, we assembled an overview of future developments in this field geared towards detection of patients at risk for cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Seguchi
- Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technical University Munich, Munich 80636, Germany
| | - Alp Aytekin
- Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technical University Munich, Munich 80636, Germany
| | - Tobias Lenz
- Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technical University Munich, Munich 80636, Germany
| | - Philipp Nicol
- Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technical University Munich, Munich 80636, Germany
| | - Grace R Klosterman
- Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technical University Munich, Munich 80636, Germany
| | - Alicia Beele
- Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technical University Munich, Munich 80636, Germany
| | - Emina Sabic
- Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technical University Munich, Munich 80636, Germany
| | - Léa Utsch
- Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technical University Munich, Munich 80636, Germany
| | - Aseel Alyaqoob
- Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technical University Munich, Munich 80636, Germany
| | - Dimitris Gorpas
- Chair of Biological Imaging and TranslaTUM, Technical University of Munich, Munich 80333, Germany.,Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Vasilis Ntziachristos
- Chair of Biological Imaging and TranslaTUM, Technical University of Munich, Munich 80333, Germany.,Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, Neuherberg 85764, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Herz- und Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK) e.V. (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich 80336, Germany
| | - Farouc A Jaffer
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Philipp Rauschendorfer
- Chair of Biological Imaging and TranslaTUM, Technical University of Munich, Munich 80333, Germany.,Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, Neuherberg 85764, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Herz- und Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK) e.V. (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich 80336, Germany
| | - Michael Joner
- Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technical University Munich, Munich 80636, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Herz- und Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK) e.V. (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich 80336, Germany
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7
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Warren JL, Yoo JE, Meyer CA, Molony DS, Samady H, Hayenga HN. Automated finite element approach to generate anatomical patient-specific biomechanical models of atherosclerotic arteries from virtual histology-intravascular ultrasound. FRONTIERS IN MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY 2022; 4:1008540. [PMID: 36523426 PMCID: PMC9745200 DOI: 10.3389/fmedt.2022.1008540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite advancements in early detection and treatment, atherosclerosis remains the leading cause of death across all cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Biomechanical analysis of atherosclerotic lesions has the potential to reveal biomechanically instable or rupture-prone regions. Treatment decisions rarely consider the biomechanics of the stenosed lesion due in-part to difficulties in obtaining this information in a clinical setting. Previous 3D FEA approaches have incompletely incorporated the complex curvature of arterial geometry, material heterogeneity, and use of patient-specific data. To address these limitations and clinical need, herein we present a user-friendly fully automated program to reconstruct and simulate the wall mechanics of patient-specific atherosclerotic coronary arteries. The program enables 3D reconstruction from patient-specific data with heterogenous tissue assignment and complex arterial curvature. Eleven arteries with coronary artery disease (CAD) underwent baseline and 6-month follow-up angiographic and virtual histology-intravascular ultrasound (VH-IVUS) imaging. VH-IVUS images were processed to remove background noise, extract VH plaque material data, and luminal and outer contours. Angiography data was used to orient the artery profiles along the 3D centerlines. The resulting surface mesh is then resampled for uniformity and tetrahedralized to generate the volumetric mesh using TetGen. A mesh convergence study revealed edge lengths between 0.04 mm and 0.2 mm produced constituent volumes that were largely unchanged, hence, to save computational resources, a value of 0.2 mm was used throughout. Materials are assigned and finite element analysis (FEA) is then performed to determine stresses and strains across the artery wall. In a representative artery, the highest average effective stress was in calcium elements with 235 kPa while necrotic elements had the lowest average stress, reaching as low as 0.79 kPa. After applying nodal smoothening, the maximum effective stress across 11 arteries remained below 288 kPa, implying biomechanically stable plaques. Indeed, all atherosclerotic plaques remained unruptured at the 6-month longitudinal follow up diagnosis. These results suggest our automated analysis may facilitate assessment of atherosclerotic plaque stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy L. Warren
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, United States
| | - John E. Yoo
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, United States
| | - Clark A. Meyer
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, United States
| | - David S. Molony
- Northeast Georgia Health System, Georgia Heart Institute, Gainesville, GA, United States
| | - Habib Samady
- Northeast Georgia Health System, Georgia Heart Institute, Gainesville, GA, United States
| | - Heather N. Hayenga
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, United States
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8
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Ježková M, Šrom O, George AH, Kereïche S, Rohlíček J, Šoós M. Quality assessment of niosomal suspensions. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 631:22-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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9
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Rico-Jimenez JJ, Jo JA. Rapid lipid-laden plaque identification in intravascular optical coherence tomography imaging based on time-series deep learning. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2022; 27:106006. [PMID: 36307914 PMCID: PMC9616160 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.27.10.106006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Coronary heart disease has the highest rate of death and morbidity in the Western world. Atherosclerosis is an asymptomatic condition that is considered the primary cause of cardiovascular diseases. The accumulation of low-density lipoprotein triggers an inflammatory process in focal areas of arteries, which leads to the formation of plaques. Lipid-laden plaques containing a necrotic core may eventually rupture, causing heart attack and stroke. Lately, intravascular optical coherence tomography (IV-OCT) imaging has been used for plaque assessment. The interpretation of the IV-OCT images is performed visually, which is burdensome and requires highly trained physicians for accurate plaque identification. AIM Our study aims to provide high throughput lipid-laden plaque identification that can assist in vivo imaging by offering faster screening and guided decision making during percutaneous coronary interventions. APPROACH An A-line-wise classification methodology based on time-series deep learning is presented to fulfill this aim. The classifier was trained and validated with a database consisting of IV-OCT images of 98 artery sections. A trained physician with expertise in the analysis of IV-OCT imaging provided the visual evaluation of the database that was used as ground truth for training and validation. RESULTS This method showed an accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 89.6%, 83.6%, and 91.1%, respectively. This deep learning methodology has the potential to increase the speed of lipid-laden plaques identification to provide a high throughput of more than 100 B-scans/s. CONCLUSIONS These encouraging results suggest that this method will allow for high throughput video-rate atherosclerotic plaque assessment through automated tissue characterization for in vivo imaging by providing faster screening to assist in guided decision making during percutaneous coronary interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose J. Rico-Jimenez
- Texas A&M University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College Station, Texas, United States
| | - Javier A. Jo
- University of Oklahoma, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Norman, Oklahoma, United States
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10
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Parry R, Majeed K, Pixley F, Hillis GS, Francis RJ, Schultz CJ. Unravelling the role of macrophages in cardiovascular inflammation through imaging: a state-of-the-art review. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2022; 23:e504-e525. [PMID: 35993316 DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeac167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death and disability for patients across the world. Our understanding of atherosclerosis as a primary cholesterol issue has diversified, with a significant dysregulated inflammatory component that largely remains untreated and continues to drive persistent cardiovascular risk. Macrophages are central to atherosclerotic inflammation, and they exist along a functional spectrum between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory extremes. Recent clinical trials have demonstrated a reduction in major cardiovascular events with some, but not all, anti-inflammatory therapies. The recent addition of colchicine to societal guidelines for the prevention of recurrent cardiovascular events in high-risk patients with chronic coronary syndromes highlights the real-world utility of this class of therapies. A highly targeted approach to modification of interleukin-1-dependent pathways shows promise with several novel agents in development, although excessive immunosuppression and resulting serious infection have proven a barrier to implementation into clinical practice. Current risk stratification tools to identify high-risk patients for secondary prevention are either inadequately robust or prohibitively expensive and invasive. A non-invasive and relatively inexpensive method to identify patients who will benefit most from novel anti-inflammatory therapies is required, a role likely to be fulfilled by functional imaging methods. This review article outlines our current understanding of the inflammatory biology of atherosclerosis, upcoming therapies and recent landmark clinical trials, imaging modalities (both invasive and non-invasive) and the current landscape surrounding functional imaging including through targeted nuclear and nanobody tracer development and their application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reece Parry
- School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia.,Department of Cardiology, Royal Perth Hospital, 197 Wellington Street, Perth, WA 6000, Australia
| | - Kamran Majeed
- School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia.,Department of Cardiology, Waikato District Health Board, Hamilton 3204, New Zealand
| | - Fiona Pixley
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia
| | - Graham Scott Hillis
- School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia.,Department of Cardiology, Royal Perth Hospital, 197 Wellington Street, Perth, WA 6000, Australia
| | - Roslyn Jane Francis
- School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth 6009, Australia
| | - Carl Johann Schultz
- School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia.,Department of Cardiology, Royal Perth Hospital, 197 Wellington Street, Perth, WA 6000, Australia
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11
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Carpenter HJ, Ghayesh MH, Zander AC, Li J, Di Giovanni G, Psaltis PJ. Automated Coronary Optical Coherence Tomography Feature Extraction with Application to Three-Dimensional Reconstruction. Tomography 2022; 8:1307-1349. [PMID: 35645394 PMCID: PMC9149962 DOI: 10.3390/tomography8030108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an intravascular, near-infrared light-based imaging modality capable of reaching axial resolutions of 10–20 µm. This resolution allows for accurate determination of high-risk plaque features, such as thin cap fibroatheroma; however, visualization of morphological features alone still provides unreliable positive predictive capability for plaque progression or future major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Biomechanical simulation could assist in this prediction, but this requires extracting morphological features from intravascular imaging to construct accurate three-dimensional (3D) simulations of patients’ arteries. Extracting these features is a laborious process, often carried out manually by trained experts. To address this challenge, numerous techniques have emerged to automate these processes while simultaneously overcoming difficulties associated with OCT imaging, such as its limited penetration depth. This systematic review summarizes advances in automated segmentation techniques from the past five years (2016–2021) with a focus on their application to the 3D reconstruction of vessels and their subsequent simulation. We discuss four categories based on the feature being processed, namely: coronary lumen; artery layers; plaque characteristics and subtypes; and stents. Areas for future innovation are also discussed as well as their potential for future translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry J. Carpenter
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia;
- Correspondence: (H.J.C.); (M.H.G.)
| | - Mergen H. Ghayesh
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia;
- Correspondence: (H.J.C.); (M.H.G.)
| | - Anthony C. Zander
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia;
| | - Jiawen Li
- School of Electrical Electronic Engineering, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia;
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Giuseppe Di Giovanni
- Vascular Research Centre, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; (G.D.G.); (P.J.P.)
| | - Peter J. Psaltis
- Vascular Research Centre, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; (G.D.G.); (P.J.P.)
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
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12
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Li Y, Moon S, Jiang Y, Qiu S, Chen Z. Intravascular polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography based on polarization mode delay. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6831. [PMID: 35477738 PMCID: PMC9046432 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10709-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Intravascular polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (IV-PSOCT) provides depth-resolved tissue birefringence which can be used to evaluate the mechanical stability of a plaque. In our previous study, we reported a new strategy to construct polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography in a microscope platform. Here, we demonstrated that this technology can be implemented in an endoscope platform, which has many clinical applications. A conventional intravascular OCT system can be modified for IV-PSOCT by introducing a 12-m polarization-maintaining fiber-based imaging probe. Its two polarization modes separately produce OCT images of polarization detection channels spatially distinguished by an image separation of 2.7 mm. We experimentally validated our IV-PSOCT with chicken tendon, chicken breast, and coronary artery as the image samples. We found that the birefringent properties can be successfully visualized by our IV-PSOCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
| | - Sucbei Moon
- Department of Physics, Kookmin University, Seoul, 02707, South Korea
| | - Yuchen Jiang
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA.,Department of Physics, Kookmin University, Seoul, 02707, South Korea
| | - Saijun Qiu
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Zhongping Chen
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,The Cardiovascular Innovation and Research Center, University of California, Irvine, , Irvine, CA, 92617, USA.
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13
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Li Q, Yu Y, Ding Z, Zhu F, Li Y, Tao K, Hua P, Lai T, Kuang H, Liu T. Analysis and reduction of noise-induced depolarization in catheter based polarization sensitive optical coherence tomography. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:11130-11149. [PMID: 35473063 DOI: 10.1364/oe.453116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In catheter based polarization sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT), a optical fiber with a rapid rotation in the catheter can cause low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), polarization state instability, phase change of PS-OCT signals and then heavy noise-induced depolarization, which has a strong impact on the phase retardation measurement of the sample. In this paper, we analyze the noise-induced depolarization and find that the effect of depolarization can be reduced by polar decomposition after incoherent averaging in the Mueller matrix averaging (MMA) method. Namely, MMA can reduce impact of noise on phase retardation mapping. We present a Monte Carlo method based on PS-OCT to numerically describe noise-induced depolarization effect and contrast phase retardation imaging results by MMA and Jones matrix averaging (JMA) methods. The peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) of simulated images processed by MMA is higher than about 8.9 dB than that processed by JMA. We also implement experiments of multiple biological tissues using the catheter based PS-OCT system. From the simulation and experimental results, we find the polarization contrasts processed by the MMA are better than those by JMA, especially at areas with high depolarization, because the MMA can reduce effect of noise-induced depolarization on the phase retardation measurement.
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14
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Keahey P, Si P, Razavi M, Yu S, Lippok N, Villiger M, Padera TP, de la Zerda A, Bouma B. Spectral- and Polarization-Dependent Scattering of Gold Nanobipyramids for Exogenous Contrast in Optical Coherence Tomography. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:8595-8601. [PMID: 34644094 PMCID: PMC8555503 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c02291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) reveals the subsurface microstructure of biological tissue and provides information regarding the polarization state of light backscattered from tissue. Complementing OCT's structural signal with molecular imaging requires strategies to simultaneously detect multiple exogenous contrast agents with high specificity in tissue. Specific detection of molecular probes enables the parallel visualization of physiological, cellular, and molecular processes. Here we demonstrate that, by combining PS-OCT and spectral contrast (SC)-OCT measurements, we can distinguish signatures of different gold nanobipyramids (GNBPs) in lymphatic vessels from the surrounding tissue and blood vessels in live mouse models. This technique could well be extended to other anisotropic nanoparticle-based OCT contrast agents and presents significant progress toward enabling OCT molecular imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pelham Keahey
- Wellman
Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts
General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
- Harvard
Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Email for P.K.:
| | - Peng Si
- Department
of Structural Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Molecular
Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Mohammad Razavi
- Harvard
Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Edwin
L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Shangjie Yu
- Department
of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Norman Lippok
- Wellman
Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts
General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
- Harvard
Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Martin Villiger
- Wellman
Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts
General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
- Harvard
Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Timothy P. Padera
- Harvard
Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Edwin
L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Adam de la Zerda
- Department
of Structural Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Molecular
Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department
of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Biophysics
Program at Stanford, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- The
Bio-X Program, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- The
Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
- Email for A.d.l.Z.:
| | - Brett Bouma
- Wellman
Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts
General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
- Harvard
Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Institute
for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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15
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Label-free functional and structural imaging of liver microvascular complex in mice by Jones matrix optical coherence tomography. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20054. [PMID: 34625574 PMCID: PMC8501041 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98909-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate label-free imaging of the functional and structural properties of microvascular complex in mice liver. The imaging was performed by a custom-built Jones-matrix based polarization sensitive optical coherence tomography (JM-OCT), which is capable of measuring tissue's attenuation coefficient, birefringence, and tiny tissue dynamics. Two longitudinal studies comprising a healthy liver and an early fibrotic liver model were performed. In the healthy liver, we observed distinctive high dynamics beneath the vessel at the initial time point (0 h) and reappearance of high dynamics at 32-h time point. In the early fibrotic liver model, we observed high dynamics signal that reveals a clear network vascular structure by volume rendering. Longitudinal time-course imaging showed that these high dynamics signals faded and decreased over time.
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16
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Kadry K, Olender ML, Marlevi D, Edelman ER, Nezami FR. A platform for high-fidelity patient-specific structural modelling of atherosclerotic arteries: from intravascular imaging to three-dimensional stress distributions. J R Soc Interface 2021; 18:20210436. [PMID: 34583562 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2021.0436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathophysiology of atherosclerotic lesions, including plaque rupture triggered by mechanical failure of the vessel wall, depends directly on the plaque morphology-modulated mechanical response. The complex interplay between lesion morphology and structural behaviour can be studied with high-fidelity computational modelling. However, construction of three-dimensional (3D) and heterogeneous models is challenging, with most previous work focusing on two-dimensional geometries or on single-material lesion compositions. Addressing these limitations, we here present a semi-automatic computational platform, leveraging clinical optical coherence tomography images to effectively reconstruct a 3D patient-specific multi-material model of atherosclerotic plaques, for which the mechanical response is obtained by structural finite-element simulations. To demonstrate the importance of including multi-material plaque components when recovering the mechanical response, a computational case study was conducted in which systematic variation of the intraplaque lipid and calcium was performed. The study demonstrated that the inclusion of various tissue components greatly affected the lesion mechanical response, illustrating the importance of multi-material formulations. This platform accordingly provides a viable foundation for studying how plaque micro-morphology affects plaque mechanical response, allowing for patient-specific assessments and extension into clinically relevant patient cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Kadry
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Laboratory of Hemodynamics and Cardiovascular Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, MED 3.2922, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Max L Olender
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - David Marlevi
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Elazer R Edelman
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Farhad R Nezami
- Thoracic and Cardiac Surgery Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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17
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van Zandvoort LJC, Otsuka K, Villiger M, Neleman T, Dijkstra J, Zijlstra F, van Mieghem NM, Bouma BE, Daemen J. Polarimetric Signatures of Coronary Thrombus in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome. Circ J 2021; 85:1806-1813. [PMID: 33828020 PMCID: PMC10782573 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-20-0862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intravascular polarization-sensitive optical frequency domain imaging (PS-OFDI) offers a novel approach to measure tissue birefringence, which is elevated in collagen and smooth muscle cells, that in turn plays a critical role in healing coronary thrombus (HCT). This study aimed to quantitatively assess polarization properties of coronary fresh and organizing thrombus with PS-OFDI in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).Methods and Results:The POLARIS-I prospective registry enrolled 32 patients with ACS. Pre-procedural PS-OFDI pullbacks using conventional imaging catheters revealed 26 thrombus-regions in 21 patients. Thrombus was manually delineated in conventional OFDI cross-sections separated by 0.5 mm and categorized into fresh thrombus caused by plaque rupture, stent thrombosis, or erosion in 18 thrombus-regions (182 frames) or into HCT for 8 thrombus-regions (141 frames). Birefringence of coronary thrombus was compared between the 2 categories. Birefringence in HCTs was significantly higher than in fresh thrombus (∆n=0.47 (0.37-0.72) vs. ∆n=0.25 (0.17-0.29), P=0.007). In a subgroup analysis, when only using thrombus-regions from culprit lesions, ischemic time was a significant predictor for birefringence (ß (∆n)=0.001 per hour, 95% CI [0.0002-0.002], P=0.023). CONCLUSIONS Intravascular PS-OFDI offers the opportunity to quantitatively assess the polarimetric properties of fresh and organizing coronary thrombus, providing new insights into vascular healing and plaque stability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kenichiro Otsuka
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School
| | - Martin Villiger
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School
| | - Tara Neleman
- Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus University Medical Center
| | - Jouke Dijkstra
- Division of Image Processing, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center
| | - Felix Zijlstra
- Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus University Medical Center
| | | | - Brett E Bouma
- Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus University Medical Center
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
| | - Joost Daemen
- Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus University Medical Center
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18
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Van Zandvoort L, Otsuka K, Bouma B, Daemen J. Intracoronary polarimetry of a honeycomb-like structure. EUROINTERVENTION 2021; 16:1422-1423. [PMID: 31403462 PMCID: PMC7238317 DOI: 10.4244/eij-d-19-00431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kenichiro Otsuka
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brett Bouma
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Joost Daemen
- Department of Cardiology, Room Rg-628, Erasmus University Medical Center, Doctor Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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19
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Kahata M, Satomi N, Otsuka M, Ishii Y. Honeycomb-like structure in spontaneous recanalized coronary thrombus demonstrated by serial angiograms: a case report. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL-CASE REPORTS 2020; 4:1-4. [PMID: 33204975 PMCID: PMC7649486 DOI: 10.1093/ehjcr/ytaa250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Background The honeycomb-like structure (HLS) is a rare cause of myocardial ischaemia characterized by multiple communicating channels divided by thin septa. The aetiology of this specific structure remains speculative. Case summary A 55-year-old man was admitted due to worsening effort angina during the previous 2 months. Diagnostic coronary angiography revealed occlusion of the distal right coronary artery (RCA) with good collateral flow from the left coronary artery. We considered this lesion as a recent total occlusion, and planned a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). At the time of PCI, 7 days after admission, an angiogram showed a spontaneous recanalization of the occlusive RCA. Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) depicted a HLS at the recanalized lesion, including atherosclerotic stenosis. We managed these lesions with drug-eluting stents. Discussion A recanalized thrombus may manifest as a HLS. In this case, the patient suffered from worsening effort angina during the previous 2 months, we confirmed a spontaneous recanalization of the occluded coronary lesion by serial angiographic images, and observed HLS adjacent to the atherosclerotic attenuated plaque by using high-resolution IVUS. Recanalized organizing thrombus is considered an entity of HLS. However, all previous studies on the HLS in vivo have detected the structure in an already recanalized state. Therefore, the aetiology remained speculative and evidence has been indirect. This present case demonstrates that recanalized atherosclerotic thrombosis might be one of the causes of HLS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuru Kahata
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Ogikubo Hospital, 3-1-24, Imagawa, Suginami-ku, Tokyo 167-0035, Japan
| | - Natsuko Satomi
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Ogikubo Hospital, 3-1-24, Imagawa, Suginami-ku, Tokyo 167-0035, Japan
| | - Masato Otsuka
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Ogikubo Hospital, 3-1-24, Imagawa, Suginami-ku, Tokyo 167-0035, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Ishii
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Ogikubo Hospital, 3-1-24, Imagawa, Suginami-ku, Tokyo 167-0035, Japan
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20
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Otsuka K, Villiger M, Nadkarni SK, Bouma BE. Intravascular Polarimetry: Clinical Translation and Future Applications of Catheter-Based Polarization Sensitive Optical Frequency Domain Imaging. Front Cardiovasc Med 2020; 7:146. [PMID: 33005632 PMCID: PMC7485575 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and optical frequency domain imaging (OFDI) visualize the coronary artery wall and plaque morphology in great detail. The advent of these high-resolution intracoronary imaging modalities has propelled our understanding of coronary atherosclerosis and provided enhanced guidance for percutaneous coronary intervention. Yet, the lack of contrast between distinct tissue types and plaque compositions impedes further elucidation of the complex mechanisms that contribute to acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and hinders the prospective identification of plaques susceptible to rupture. Intravascular polarimetry with polarization-sensitive OFDI measures polarization properties of the coronary arterial wall using conventional intravascular imaging catheters. The quantitative polarization metrics display notable image contrast between several relevant coronary plaque microstructures that are difficult to identify with conventional OCT and OFDI. Tissues rich in collagen and smooth muscle cells exhibit birefringence, while lipid and macrophages cause depolarization. In this review, we describe the basic principles of intravascular polarimetry, discuss the interpretation of the polarization signatures, and outline promising avenues for future research and clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichiro Otsuka
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Martin Villiger
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Seemantini K Nadkarni
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Brett E Bouma
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States.,Department of Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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21
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Otsuka K, Villiger M, van Zandvoort LJC, Neleman T, Karanasos A, Dijkstra J, van Soest G, Regar E, Nadkarni SK, Daemen J, Bouma BE. Polarimetric Signatures of Vascular Tissue Response to Drug-Eluting Stent Implantation in Patients. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2020; 13:2695-2696. [PMID: 32828773 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2020.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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22
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Bec J, Shaik TA, Krafft C, Bocklitz TW, Alfonso-Garcia A, Margulies KB, Popp J, Marcu L. Investigating Origins of FLIm Contrast in Atherosclerotic Lesions Using Combined FLIm-Raman Spectroscopy. Front Cardiovasc Med 2020; 7:122. [PMID: 32793637 PMCID: PMC7385056 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.00122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIm) is a spectroscopic imaging technique able to characterize the composition of luminal surface of arterial vessels. Studies of human coronary samples demonstrated that distinct atherosclerotic lesion types are characterized by FLIm features associate with distinct tissue molecular makeup. While conventional histology has provided indications about potential sources of molecular contrast, specific information about the origin of FLIm signals is lacking. Here we investigate whether Raman spectroscopy, a technique able to evaluate chemical content of biological samples, can provide additional insight into the origin of FLIm contrast. Methods: Six human coronary artery samples were imaged using FLIm (355 nm excitation)-Raman spectroscopy (785 nm excitation) via a multimodal fiber optic probe. The spatial distribution of molecular contrast in FLIm images was analyzed in relationship with histological findings. Raman data was investigated using an endmember technique and compared with histological findings. A descriptive modeling approach based on multivariate regression was used to identify Raman bands related with changes in lifetime in four spectral channels (violet: 387/35 nm, blue: 443/29 nm, green: 546/38 nm, and red: 628/53 nm). Results: Fluorescence lifetime variations in the violet, blue and green spectral bands were observed for distinct areas of each tissue sample associated with distinct pathologies. Analysis of Raman signals from areas associated with normal, pathological intimal thickening, and fibrocalcific regions demonstrated the presence of hydroxyapatite, collagenous proteins, carotene, cholesterol, and triglycerides. The FLIm and Raman descriptive modeling analysis indicated that lifetime increase in the violet spectral band was associated with increased presence of cholesterol and carotenes, a new finding consistent with LDL accumulation in atherosclerotic lesions, and not with collagen proteins, as expected from earlier studies. Conclusions: The systematic, quantitative analysis of the multimodal FLIm-Raman dataset using a descriptive modeling approach led to the identification of LDL accumulation as the primary source of lifetime contrast in atherosclerotic lesions in the violet spectral range. Earlier FLIm validation studies relying on histopathological findings had associated this contrast to increased collagen content, also present in advanced lesions, thus demonstrating the benefits of alternative validation methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Bec
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States.,Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics (IPC), Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany.,Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Jena, Germany
| | | | | | - Thomas W Bocklitz
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics (IPC), Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany.,Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Jena, Germany
| | - Alba Alfonso-Garcia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Kenneth B Margulies
- Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Jürgen Popp
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics (IPC), Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany.,Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Jena, Germany
| | - Laura Marcu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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23
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Keahey PA, Bouma BE, Villiger M. Automated noise estimation in polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography. OPTICS LETTERS 2020; 45:2748-2751. [PMID: 32412457 PMCID: PMC7506521 DOI: 10.1364/ol.390334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Advanced signal reconstruction in polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (OCT) frequently relies on an accurate determination of the signal noise floor. However, current methods for evaluating the noise floor are often impractical and subjective. Here we present a method using the degree of polarization uniformity and known speckle intensity statistics to model and estimate the OCT noise floor automatically. We establish the working principle of our method with a series of phantom experiments and demonstrate the robustness of our noise estimation method across different imaging systems and applications in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. A. Keahey
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 50 Blossom St., Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Corresponding author:
| | - B. E. Bouma
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 50 Blossom St., Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M. Villiger
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 50 Blossom St., Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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24
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Kilic Y, Safi H, Bajaj R, Serruys PW, Kitslaar P, Ramasamy A, Tufaro V, Onuma Y, Mathur A, Torii R, Baumbach A, Bourantas CV. The Evolution of Data Fusion Methodologies Developed to Reconstruct Coronary Artery Geometry From Intravascular Imaging and Coronary Angiography Data: A Comprehensive Review. Front Cardiovasc Med 2020; 7:33. [PMID: 32296713 PMCID: PMC7136420 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.00033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms that regulate atherosclerotic plaque formation and evolution is a crucial step for developing treatment strategies that will prevent plaque progression and reduce cardiovascular events. Advances in signal processing and the miniaturization of medical devices have enabled the design of multimodality intravascular imaging catheters that allow complete and detailed assessment of plaque morphology and biology. However, a significant limitation of these novel imaging catheters is that they provide two-dimensional (2D) visualization of the lumen and vessel wall and thus they cannot portray vessel geometry and 3D lesion architecture. To address this limitation computer-based methodologies and user-friendly software have been developed. These are able to off-line process and fuse intravascular imaging data with X-ray or computed tomography coronary angiography (CTCA) to reconstruct coronary artery anatomy. The aim of this review article is to summarize the evolution in the field of coronary artery modeling; we thus present the first methodologies that were developed to model vessel geometry, highlight the modifications introduced in revised methods to overcome the limitations of the first approaches and discuss the challenges that need to be addressed, so these techniques can have broad application in clinical practice and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yakup Kilic
- Department of Cardiology, Barts Heart Centre, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah Safi
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Retesh Bajaj
- Department of Cardiology, Barts Heart Centre, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.,Centre for Cardiovascular Medicine and Device Innovation, Queen Mary University London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick W Serruys
- Faculty of Medicine, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Pieter Kitslaar
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Anantharaman Ramasamy
- Department of Cardiology, Barts Heart Centre, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.,Centre for Cardiovascular Medicine and Device Innovation, Queen Mary University London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Vincenzo Tufaro
- Centre for Cardiovascular Medicine and Device Innovation, Queen Mary University London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Anthony Mathur
- Department of Cardiology, Barts Heart Centre, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.,Centre for Cardiovascular Medicine and Device Innovation, Queen Mary University London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ryo Torii
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Baumbach
- Department of Cardiology, Barts Heart Centre, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.,Centre for Cardiovascular Medicine and Device Innovation, Queen Mary University London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Christos V Bourantas
- Department of Cardiology, Barts Heart Centre, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.,Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,Centre for Cardiovascular Medicine and Device Innovation, Queen Mary University London, London, United Kingdom
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25
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Jaffer FA, Albaghdadi MS. Clinical OCT-Based Polarization Assessment of Coronary Artery Disease: Bending Light to Reveal Atherosclerosis Pathology. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2019; 13:802-803. [PMID: 31864992 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2019.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Farouc A Jaffer
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Mazen S Albaghdadi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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26
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Otsuka K, Villiger M, Nadkarni SK, Bouma BE. Intravascular Polarimetry for Tissue Characterization of Coronary Atherosclerosis. Circ Rep 2019; 1:550-557. [PMID: 32432174 PMCID: PMC7236778 DOI: 10.1253/circrep.cr-19-0102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The microscopic tissue structure and organization influence the polarization of light. Intravascular polarimetry leverages this compelling intrinsic contrast mechanism by using polarization-sensitive optical frequency domain imaging to measure the polarization properties of the coronary arterial wall. Tissues rich in collagen and smooth muscle cells appear birefringent, while the presence of lipid causes depolarization, offering quantitative metrics related to the presence of important components of coronary atherosclerosis. Here, we review the basic principle, the interpretation of polarization signatures, and first clinical investigations of intravascular polarimetry and discuss how this extension of contemporary intravascular imaging may advance our knowledge and improve clinical practice in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichiro Otsuka
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Martin Villiger
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Seemantini K Nadkarni
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Brett E Bouma
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States
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27
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28
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Yin B, Piao Z, Nishimiya K, Hyun C, Gardecki JA, Mauskapf A, Jaffer FA, Tearney GJ. 3D cellular-resolution imaging in arteries using few-mode interferometry. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2019; 8:104. [PMID: 31798843 PMCID: PMC6872567 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-019-0211-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cross-sectional visualisation of the cellular and subcellular structures of human atherosclerosis in vivo is significant, as this disease is fundamentally caused by abnormal processes that occur at this scale in a depth-dependent manner. However, due to the inherent resolution-depth of focus tradeoff of conventional focusing optics, today's highest-resolution intravascular imaging technique, namely, optical coherence tomography (OCT), is unable to provide cross-sectional images at this resolution through a coronary catheter. Here, we introduce an intravascular imaging system and catheter based on few-mode interferometry, which overcomes the depth of focus limitation of conventional high-numerical-aperture objectives and enables three-dimensional cellular-resolution intravascular imaging in vivo by a submillimetre diameter, flexible catheter. Images of diseased cadaver human coronary arteries and living rabbit arteries were acquired with this device, showing clearly resolved cellular and subcellular structures within the artery wall, such as individual crystals, smooth muscle cells, and inflammatory cells. The capability of this technology to enable cellular-resolution, cross-sectional intravascular imaging will make it possible to study and diagnose human coronary disease with much greater precision in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biwei Yin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114 USA
| | - Zhonglie Piao
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114 USA
| | - Kensuke Nishimiya
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114 USA
| | - Chulho Hyun
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114 USA
| | - Joseph A. Gardecki
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114 USA
| | - Adam Mauskapf
- Cardiovascular Research Center and Cardiology Division, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114 USA
| | - Farouc A. Jaffer
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114 USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center and Cardiology Division, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114 USA
| | - Guillermo J. Tearney
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114 USA
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114 USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
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29
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Miyazawa A, Makita S, Li E, Yamazaki K, Kobayashi M, Sakai S, Yasuno Y. Polarization-sensitive optical coherence elastography. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 10:5162-5181. [PMID: 31646039 PMCID: PMC6788587 DOI: 10.1364/boe.10.005162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Polarization-sensitive optical coherence elastography (PS-OCE) is developed for improved tissue discrimination. It integrates Jones matrix-based PS-optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) with compression OCE. The method simultaneously measures the OCT intensity, attenuation coefficient, birefringence, and microstructural deformation (MSD) induced by tissue compression. Ex vivo porcine aorta and esophagus tissues were investigated by PS-OCE and histological imaging. The tissue properties measured by PS-OCE are shown as cross-sectional images and a three-dimensional (3-D) depth-trajectory plot. In this trajectory plot, the average attenuation coefficient, birefringence, and MSD were computed at each depth, and the trajectory in the depth direction was plotted in a 3-D feature space of these three properties. The tissue boundaries in a histological image corresponded with the depth-trajectory inflection points. Histogram analysis and t-distributed stochastic neighbour embedding (t-SNE) visualization of the three tissue properties indicated that the PS-OCE measurements provide sufficient information to discriminate porcine esophagus tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arata Miyazawa
- Computational Optics Group, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8573, Japan
| | - Shuichi Makita
- Computational Optics Group, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8573, Japan
| | - En Li
- Computational Optics Group, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8573, Japan
| | - Kohei Yamazaki
- Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, 5-3-28, Kotobukicho, Odawara, Kanagawa, 250-0002, Japan
| | - Masaki Kobayashi
- Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, 5-3-28, Kotobukicho, Odawara, Kanagawa, 250-0002, Japan
| | - Shingo Sakai
- Skin Care Product Research, Kao Corporation, 5-3-28, Kotobukicho, Odawara, Kanagawa, 250-0002, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Yasuno
- Computational Optics Group, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8573, Japan
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30
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Xiong Q, Wang N, Liu X, Chen S, Braganza CS, Bouma BE, Liu L, Villiger M. Constrained polarization evolution simplifies depth-resolved retardation measurements with polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 10:5207-5222. [PMID: 31646042 PMCID: PMC6788597 DOI: 10.1364/boe.10.005207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We observed that the polarization state of light after round-trip propagation through a birefringent medium frequently aligns with the employed input polarization state 'mirrored' by the horizontal plane of the Poincaré sphere. We explored the predisposition for this mirror state and evidence that it constrains the evolution of polarization states as a function of the round-trip depth into weakly scattering birefringent samples, as measured with polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT). Combined with spectral variations in the polarization state transmitted through system components, we demonstrate how this constraint enables measurement of depth-resolved birefringence using only a single input polarization state, which offers a critical simplification compared to conventional PS-OCT employing two input states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaozhou Xiong
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Nanshuo Wang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Xinyu Liu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Si Chen
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Cilwyn S Braganza
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Brett E Bouma
- Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Linbo Liu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637459, Singapore
- These authors contributed equally
- Corresponding author:
| | - Martin Villiger
- Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
- These authors contributed equally
- Corresponding author:
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31
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Otsuka K, Shimada K, Ishikawa H, Nakamura H, Katayama H, Takeda H, Fujimoto K, Kasayuki N, Yoshiyama M. Usefulness of pre- and post-stent optical frequency domain imaging findings in the prediction of periprocedural cardiac troponin elevation in patients with coronary artery disease. Heart Vessels 2019; 35:451-462. [DOI: 10.1007/s00380-019-01512-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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32
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Islam MM, Sharifi R, Mamodaly S, Islam R, Nahra D, Abusamra DB, Hui PC, Adibnia Y, Goulamaly M, Paschalis EI, Cruzat A, Kong J, Nilsson PH, Argüeso P, Mollnes TE, Chodosh J, Dohlman CH, Gonzalez-Andrades M. Effects of gamma radiation sterilization on the structural and biological properties of decellularized corneal xenografts. Acta Biomater 2019; 96:330-344. [PMID: 31284096 PMCID: PMC7043233 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
To address the shortcomings associated with corneal transplants, substantial efforts have been focused on developing new modalities such as xenotransplantion. Xenogeneic corneas are anatomically and biomechanically similar to the human cornea, yet their applications require prior decellularization to remove the antigenic components to avoid rejection. In the context of bringing decellularized corneas into clinical use, sterilization is a crucial step that determines the success of the transplantation. Well-standardized sterilization methods, such as gamma irradiation (GI), have been applied to decellularized porcine corneas (DPC) to avoid graft-associated infections in human recipients. However, little is known about the effect of GI on decellularized corneal xenografts. Here, we evaluated the radiation effect on the ultrastructure, optical, mechanical and biological properties of DPC. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that gamma irradiated decellularized porcine cornea (G-DPC) preserved its structural integrity. Moreover, the radiation did not reduce the optical properties of the tissue. Neither DPC nor G-DPC led to further activation of complement system compared to native porcine cornea when exposed to plasma. Although, DPC were mechanically comparable to the native tissue, GI increased the mechanical strength, tissue hydrophobicity and resistance to enzymatic degradation. Despite these changes, human corneal epithelial, stromal, endothelial and hybrid neuroblastoma cells grew and differentiated on DPC and G-DPC. Thus, GI may achieve effective tissue sterilization without affecting critical properties that are essential for corneal transplant survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mirazul Islam
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Schepens Eye Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Roholah Sharifi
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Schepens Eye Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shamina Mamodaly
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Schepens Eye Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rakibul Islam
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Daniel Nahra
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Schepens Eye Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dina B Abusamra
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Schepens Eye Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pui Chuen Hui
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Schepens Eye Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yashar Adibnia
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Schepens Eye Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Yeditepe University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehdi Goulamaly
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Eleftherios I Paschalis
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Schepens Eye Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrea Cruzat
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Schepens Eye Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jing Kong
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Per H Nilsson
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Linnaeus Center for Biomaterials Chemistry, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Pablo Argüeso
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Schepens Eye Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tom Eirik Mollnes
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Research Laboratory, Nordland Hospital, Bodø, and Faculty of Health Sciences, K.G. Jebsen TREC, University of Tromsø, Norway; Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - James Chodosh
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Schepens Eye Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Claes H Dohlman
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Schepens Eye Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Miguel Gonzalez-Andrades
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Schepens Eye Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Department of Ophthalmology, Reina Sofia University Hospital and University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.
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33
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Otsuka K, Villiger M, Karanasos A, van Zandvoort LJC, Doradla P, Ren J, Lippok N, Daemen J, Diletti R, van Geuns RJ, Zijlstra F, van Soest G, Dijkstra J, Nadkarni SK, Regar E, Bouma BE. Intravascular Polarimetry in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2019; 13:790-801. [PMID: 31422135 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2019.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aims of this first-in-human pilot study of intravascular polarimetry were to investigate polarization properties of coronary plaques in patients and to examine the relationship of these features with established structural characteristics available to conventional optical frequency domain imaging (OFDI) and with clinical presentation. BACKGROUND Polarization-sensitive OFDI measures birefringence and depolarization of tissue together with conventional cross-sectional optical frequency domain images of subsurface microstructure. METHODS Thirty patients undergoing polarization-sensitive OFDI (acute coronary syndrome, n = 12; stable angina pectoris, n = 18) participated in this study. Three hundred forty-two cross-sectional images evenly distributed along all imaged coronary arteries were classified into 1 of 7 plaque categories according to conventional OFDI. Polarization features averaged over the entire intimal area of each cross section were compared among plaque types and with structural parameters. Furthermore, the polarization properties in cross sections (n = 244) of the fibrous caps of acute coronary syndrome and stable angina pectoris culprit lesions were assessed and compared with structural features using a generalized linear model. RESULTS The median birefringence and depolarization showed statistically significant differences among plaque types (p < 0.001 for both, one-way analysis of variance). Depolarization differed significantly among individual plaque types (p < 0.05), except between normal arteries and fibrous plaques and between fibrofatty and fibrocalcified plaques. Caps of acute coronary syndrome lesions and ruptured caps exhibited lower birefringence than caps of stable angina pectoris lesions (p < 0.01). In addition to clinical presentation, cap birefringence was also associated with macrophage accumulation as assessed using normalized SD. CONCLUSIONS Intravascular polarimetry provides quantitative metrics that help characterize coronary arterial tissues and may offer refined insight into coronary arterial atherosclerotic lesions in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichiro Otsuka
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Martin Villiger
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Antonios Karanasos
- Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; 1st Department of Cardiology, Hippokration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Laurens J C van Zandvoort
- Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Pallavi Doradla
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jian Ren
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Norman Lippok
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Joost Daemen
- Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Roberto Diletti
- Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Robert-Jan van Geuns
- Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Cardiology of Radboud UMC, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Felix Zijlstra
- Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gijs van Soest
- Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jouke Dijkstra
- Division of Image Processing, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Seemantini K Nadkarni
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Evelyn Regar
- Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Brett E Bouma
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
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34
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Yamanari M, Uematsu S, Ishihara K, Ikuno Y. Parallel detection of Jones-matrix elements in polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 10:2318-2336. [PMID: 31149375 PMCID: PMC6524579 DOI: 10.1364/boe.10.002318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The polarization properties of a sample can be characterized using a Jones matrix. To measure the Jones matrix without assumptions of the sample, two different incident states of polarization are usually used. This requirement often causes certain drawbacks in polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT), e.g., a decrease in the effective A-scan rate or axial depth range, if a multiplexing scheme is used. Because both the A-scan rate and axial depth range are important for clinical applications, including the imaging of an anterior eye segment, a new PS-OCT method that does not have these drawbacks is desired. Here, we present a parallel-detection approach that maintains the same A-scan rate and axial measurement range as conventional OCT. The interferometer consists of fiber-optic components, most of which are polarization-maintaining components with fast-axis blocking free from polarization management. When a parallel detection is implemented using swept-source OCT (SS-OCT), synchronization between the A-scans and synchronization between the detection channels have critical effects on the Jones-matrix measurement. Because it is difficult to achieve perfect synchronization using only hardware, we developed a solution using a numerical correction with signals from a static mirror. Using the developed system, we demonstrate the imaging of an anterior eye segment from the cornea to the back surface of the crystalline lens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Yamanari
- Engineering Department, Tomey Corporation, 2-11-33 Noritakeshinmachi, Nishiku, Nagoya, Aichi, 451-0051, Japan
| | - Sato Uematsu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kenji Ishihara
- Engineering Department, Tomey Corporation, 2-11-33 Noritakeshinmachi, Nishiku, Nagoya, Aichi, 451-0051, Japan
| | - Yasushi Ikuno
- Ikuno Eye Center, 2-9-10 3F Juso-Higashi, Yodogawaku, Osaka, Osaka, 532-0023, Japan
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35
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Tao K, Sun K, Ding Z, Ma Y, Kuang H, Zhao H, Lai T, Zhou Y, Liu T. Catheter-Based Polarization Sensitive Optical Coherence Tomography Using Similar Mueller Matrix Method. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2019; 67:60-68. [PMID: 30932827 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2019.2908031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Research of catheter-based polarization sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) is a challenging field. In this paper, we present a new polarization determination method, similar Mueller matrix (SMM) method, for a catheter-based PS-OCT system using a standard clinical catheter probe with an outer diameter of 0.9 mm. METHODS The SMM method can remove the diattenuation and depolarization compositions by polar decomposition. By constructing the similarity between the measured Mueller matrices and sample matrices, the phase retardance of the sample can be determined from the trace of the measured matrices. RESULTS In the experiments, we find that images processed by the SMM method without any averaging or phase correction have a better polarization contrast of multiple biological tissues than those by the Jones matrix based method. We also preliminarily achieve phase retardance imaging of the ex vivo porcine cardiac blood vessel. CONCLUSION Compared with the Jones matrix based method, the presented SMM method can provide a more robust birefringence imaging of biological tissues under low signal-to-noise ratio, depolarization, diattenuation, and phase instability. SIGNIFICANCE The SMM method has a potential to become a widely accepted polarization determination method for catheter-based PS-OCT.
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36
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Walther J, Li Q, Villiger M, Farah CS, Koch E, Karnowski K, Sampson DD. Depth-resolved birefringence imaging of collagen fiber organization in the human oral mucosa in vivo. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 10:1942-1956. [PMID: 31086712 PMCID: PMC6484997 DOI: 10.1364/boe.10.001942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Stromal collagen organization has been identified as a potential prognostic indicator in a variety of cancers and other diseases accompanied by fibrosis. Changes in the connective tissue are increasingly considered for grading dysplasia and progress of oral squamous cell carcinoma, investigated mainly ex vivo by histopathology. In this study, polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) with local phase retardation imaging is used for the first time to visualize depth-resolved (i.e., local) birefringence of healthy human oral mucosa in vivo. Depth-resolved birefringence is shown to reveal the expected local collagen organization. To demonstrate proof-of-principle, 3D image stacks were acquired at labial and lingual locations of the oral mucosa, chosen as those most commonly affected by cancerous alterations. To enable an intuitive evaluation of the birefringence images suitable for clinical application, color depth-encoded en-face projections were generated. Compared to en-face views of intensity or conventional cumulative phase retardation, we show that this novel approach offers improved visualization of the mucosal connective tissue layer in general, and reveals the collagen fiber architecture in particular. This study provides the basis for future prospective pathological and comparative in vivo studies non-invasively assessing stromal changes in conspicuous and cancerous oral lesions at different stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Walther
- TU Dresden, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- TU Dresden, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Clinical Sensoring and Monitoring, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Qingyun Li
- Optical + Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Martin Villiger
- Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Camile S. Farah
- UWA Dental School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Australian Centre for Oral Oncology Research and Education, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Edmund Koch
- TU Dresden, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Clinical Sensoring and Monitoring, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Karol Karnowski
- Optical + Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - David D. Sampson
- Optical + Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- University of Surrey, Guilford, Surrey GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
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37
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Real E, Icardo JM, Fernández-Barreras G, Revuelta JM, Calvo Díez M, Pontón A, Gutiérrez JF, López Higuera JM, Conde OM. Identification of Human Pathological Mitral Chordae Tendineae Using Polarization-sensitive Optical Coherence Tomography. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19030543. [PMID: 30696054 PMCID: PMC6386950 DOI: 10.3390/s19030543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Defects of the mitral valve complex imply heart malfunction. The chordae tendineae (CTs) are tendinous strands connecting the mitral and tricuspid valve leaflets to the papillary muscles. These CTs are composed of organized, wavy collagen bundles, making them a strongly birefringent material. Disorder of the collagen structure due to different diseases (rheumatic, degenerative) implies the loss or reduction of tissue birefringence able to be characterized with Polarization Sensitive Optical Coherence Tomography (PS-OCT). PS-OCT is used to discriminate healthy from diseased chords, as the latter must be excised and replaced in clinical conventional interventions. PS-OCT allows to quantify birefringence reduction in human CTs affected by degenerative and rheumatic pathologies. This tissue optical property is proposed as a diagnostic marker for the identification of degradation of tendinous chords to guide intraoperative mitral valve surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eusebio Real
- Photonics Engineering Group, Department TEISA, University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain.
| | - José Manuel Icardo
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Cantabria, 39011 Santander, Spain.
| | | | | | - Marta Calvo Díez
- Cardiovascular Surgery Service, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, 39011 Santander, Spain.
| | - Alejandro Pontón
- Cardiovascular Surgery Service, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, 39011 Santander, Spain.
| | - José Francisco Gutiérrez
- Cardiovascular Surgery Service, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, 39011 Santander, Spain.
| | - José Miguel López Higuera
- Photonics Engineering Group, Department TEISA, University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red - Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Olga María Conde
- Photonics Engineering Group, Department TEISA, University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red - Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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Improving Plaque Classification With Optical Coherence Tomography. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2018; 11:1677-1678. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2017.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Li Q, Karnowski K, Noble PB, Cairncross A, James A, Villiger M, Sampson DD. Robust reconstruction of local optic axis orientation with fiber-based polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 9:5437-5455. [PMID: 30460138 PMCID: PMC6238922 DOI: 10.1364/boe.9.005437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
It is challenging to recover local optic axis orientation from samples probed with fiber-based polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT). In addition to the effect of preceding tissue layers, the transmission through fiber and system elements, and imperfect system alignment, need to be compensated. Here, we present a method to retrieve the required correction factors from measurements with depth-multiplexed PS-OCT, which accurately measures the full Jones matrix. The correction considers both retardation and diattenuation and is applied in the wavenumber domain, preserving the axial resolution of the system. The robustness of the method is validated by measuring a birefringence phantom with a misaligned system. Imaging ex-vivo lamb trachea and human bronchus demonstrates the utility of reconstructing the local optic axis orientation to assess smooth muscle, which is expected to be useful in the assessment of airway smooth muscle thickness in asthma, amongst other fiber-based applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyun Li
- Optical + Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009,
Australia
| | - Karol Karnowski
- Optical + Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009,
Australia
| | - Peter B. Noble
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009,
Australia
| | - Alvenia Cairncross
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009,
Australia
| | - Alan James
- Department of Pulmonary Physiology and Sleep Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth,
Australia
| | - Martin Villiger
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA,
USA
| | - David D. Sampson
- Optical + Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009,
Australia
- University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, Surrey,
United Kingdom
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40
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Villiger M, Braaf B, Lippok N, Otsuka K, Nadkarni SK, Bouma BE. Optic axis mapping with catheter-based polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography. OPTICA 2018; 5:1329-1337. [PMID: 31214632 PMCID: PMC6581518 DOI: 10.1364/optica.5.001329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Birefringence offers an intrinsic contrast mechanism related to the microstructure and arrangement of fibrillary tissue components. Here we present a reconstruction strategy to recover not only the scalar amount of birefringence but also its optic axis orientation as a function of depth in tissue from measurements with catheter-based polarization sensitive optical coherence tomography. A polarization symmetry constraint, intrinsic to imaging in the backscatter direction, facilitates the required compensation for wavelength-dependent transmission through system elements, the rotating catheter, and overlying tissue layers. Applied to intravascular imaging of coronary atherosclerosis in human patients, the optic axis affords refined interpretation of plaque architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Villiger
- Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Corresponding author:
| | - Boy Braaf
- Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Norman Lippok
- Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kenichiro Otsuka
- Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Seemantini K. Nadkarni
- Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brett E. Bouma
- Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
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41
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Villiger M, Otsuka K, Karanasos A, Doradla P, Ren J, Lippok N, Shishkov M, Daemen J, Diletti R, van Geuns RJ, Zijlstra F, Dijkstra J, van Soest G, Regar E, Nadkarni SK, Bouma BE. Repeatability Assessment of Intravascular Polarimetry in Patients. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING 2018; 37:1618-1625. [PMID: 29969412 PMCID: PMC6088245 DOI: 10.1109/tmi.2018.2815979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Intravascular polarimetry with polarization sensitive optical frequency domain imaging (PS-OFDI) measures polarization properties of the vessel wall and offers characterization of coronary atherosclerotic lesions beyond the cross-sectional image of arterial microstructure available to conventional OFDI. A previous study of intravascular polarimetry in cadaveric human coronary arteries found that tissue birefringence and depolarization provide valuable insight into key features of atherosclerotic plaques. In addition to various tissue components, catheter and sample motion can also influence the polarization of near infrared light as used by PS-OFDI. This paper aimed to evaluate the robustness and repeatability of imaging tissue birefringence and depolarization in a clinical setting. 30 patients scheduled for percutaneous coronary intervention at the Erasmus Medical Center underwent repeated PS-OFDI pullback imaging, using commercial imaging catheters in combination with a custom-built PS-OFDI console. We identified 274 matching cross sections among the repeat pullbacks to evaluate the reproducibility of the conventional backscatter intensity, the birefringence, and the depolarization signals at each spatial location across the vessel wall. Bland-Altman analysis revealed best agreement for the birefringence measurements, followed by backscatter intensity, and depolarization, when limiting the analysis to areas of meaningful birefringence. Pearson correlation analysis confirmed highest correlation for birefringence (0.86), preceding backscatter intensity (0.83), and depolarization (0.78). Our results demonstrate that intravascular polarimetry generates robust maps of tissue birefringence and depolarization in a clinical setting. This outcome motivates the use of intravascular polarimetry for future clinical studies that investigate polarization properties of arterial atherosclerosis.
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Cuartas-Vélez C, Restrepo R, Bouma BE, Uribe-Patarroyo N. Volumetric non-local-means based speckle reduction for optical coherence tomography. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 9:3354-3372. [PMID: 29984102 PMCID: PMC6033569 DOI: 10.1364/boe.9.003354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
We present a novel tomographic non-local-means based despeckling technique, TNode, for optical coherence tomography. TNode is built upon a weighting similarity criterion derived for speckle in a three-dimensional similarity window. We present an implementation using a two-dimensional search window, enabling the despeckling of volumes in the presence of motion artifacts, and an implementation using a three-dimensional window with improved performance in motion-free volumes. We show that our technique provides effective speckle reduction, comparable with B-scan compounding or out-of-plane averaging, while preserving isotropic resolution, even to the level of speckle-sized structures. We demonstrate its superior despeckling performance in a phantom data set, and in an ophthalmic data set we show that small, speckle-sized retinal vessels are clearly preserved in intensity images en-face and in two orthogonal, cross-sectional views. TNode does not rely on dictionaries or segmentation and therefore can readily be applied to arbitrary optical coherence tomography volumes. We show that despeckled esophageal volumes exhibit improved image quality and detail, even in the presence of significant motion artifacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Cuartas-Vélez
- Applied Optics Group, Universidad EAFIT, Carrera 49 # 7 Sur-50, Medellín,
Colombia
| | - René Restrepo
- Applied Optics Group, Universidad EAFIT, Carrera 49 # 7 Sur-50, Medellín,
Colombia
| | - Brett E. Bouma
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, 40 Blossom Street, Boston, MA 02114,
USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142,
USA
| | - Néstor Uribe-Patarroyo
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, 40 Blossom Street, Boston, MA 02114,
USA
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