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Carcea M, Melloni S, Narducci V, Turfani V. Wheat Germ Agglutinin (WGA): Its Nature, Biological Role, Significance in Human Nutrition, and Possibility to Be Used as Marker of Whole-Grain Status in Wheat-Based Foods. Foods 2024; 13:2990. [PMID: 39335918 PMCID: PMC11431102 DOI: 10.3390/foods13182990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2024] [Revised: 09/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The growing scientific evidence on the health benefits of whole-grain food consumption has promoted the manufacturing of a great number of products differing in quality and content of whole-grain components. This is particularly true for commercial wheat-based products where it is not always clear how much whole wheat is present considering that in many cases, they are manufactured from reconstituted mill streams and that there is not a standardised globally accepted definition and metrics to objectively evaluate whole-grain status. Attempts have been made to assess the level of "wholegraininess" in wheat products by measuring specific constituents that correlate with different wheat tissues, especially those that are expected to be found in a true whole-grain wheat product. Wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), a small lectin protein present exclusively in the wheat-germ tissues, has been indicated by several scientists as one of these constituents and after founding that its level changes depending on the amount of germ found in a wheat flour, it has been indicated as a biomarker of whole-grain status for wheat products. In this review, the biochemistry of WGA, its methods of detection, and current knowledge on its possibility to be practically utilized as a reliable marker are critically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Carcea
- Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy
| | - Sahara Melloni
- Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Narducci
- Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Turfani
- Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy
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2
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Silva MLS. Lectin-modified drug delivery systems - Recent applications in the oncology field. Int J Pharm 2024; 665:124685. [PMID: 39260750 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 09/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Chemotherapy with cytotoxic drugs remains the core treatment for cancer but, due to the difficulty to find general and usable biochemical differences between cancer cells and normal cells, many of these drugs are associated with lack of specificity, resulting in side effects and collateral cytotoxicity that impair patients' adherence to therapy. Novel cancer treatments in which the cytotoxic effect is maximized while adverse effects are reduced can be implemented by developing targeted therapies that exploit the specific features of cancer cells, such as the typical expression of aberrant glycans. Modification of drug delivery systems with lectins is one of the strategies to implement targeted chemotherapies, as lectins are able to specifically recognize and bind to cancer-associated glycans expressed at the surface of cancer cells, guiding the drug treatment towards these cells and not affecting healthy ones. In this paper, recent advances on the development of lectin-modified drug delivery systems for targeted cancer treatments are thoroughly reviewed, with a focus on their properties and performance in diverse applications, as well as their main advantages and limitations. The synthesis and analytical characterization of the cited lectin-modified drug delivery systems is also briefly described. A comparison with free-drug treatments and with antibody-modified drug delivery systems is presented, emphasizing the advantages of lectin-modified drug delivery systems. Main constraints and potential challenges of lectin-modified drug delivery systems, including key difficulties for clinical translation of these systems, and the required developments in this area, are also signalled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Luísa S Silva
- Centro de Estudos Globais, Universidade Aberta, Rua da Escola Politécnica 147, 1269-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
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Ghosh P, Patari N, Manisha C, Basavan D, Petchiappan V, Justin A. Reversal mechanism of multidrug-resistant cancer cells by lectin as chemo-adjuvant and targeted therapy- a systematic review. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 123:155205. [PMID: 37980807 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is characterized as the leading cause of death, and the susceptibility of cancer cells to develop resistance due to long-term exposure to complementary chemotherapeutic treatment is referred to as multidrug resistance cancer cells (MDRC), which is a significant obstacle in the treatment of malignancies. Since complementary medicine lost its effectiveness, the development of potential alternative and novel therapeutic approaches has been elevated to a top priority in recent years. In this context, a bioactive protein lectin from plant and animal sources exhibits an invaluable source of anticancer agents with vast therapeutic potential. PURPOSE This manuscript's primary purpose is to enlighten the evidence-based (from 1986 to 2022) possible molecular mechanism of alternative treatment approaches using lectins over the complementary medicines used for cancer treatment. METHODS The PRISMA rules have been followed properly and qualitative and quantitative data are synthesized systematically. Articles were identified based on Clinical and preclinical reports published on lectin that investigated the in-depth cellular mechanisms, of reverse drug integrative oncology, as a nano-carried targeted delivery. Articles were systematically screened from 1986 to 2022 and selected based on electronic database searches, Medline (PubMed), Google Scholar, Web of Science, Encyclopaedias, Scopus, and ClinicalTrials.gov database. RESULTS The search turned up 4,212 publications from 38 different nations, of which 170 reference articles were used in our analysis, in 16 combination therapy and their mode of action, and 27 clinical trial studies including dosage and mechanism of action were included. Reports from the 30 lectins belonging to 28 different families have been included. The reversal mechanism of lectin and alternative therapy against MDRC is critically screened and according to a few clinical and preclinical reports, lectin can suppress the overexpressing genes like P-53, EGFR, and P-gp, MRP, and ABC transporter proteins associated with intracellular transportation of drugs. Since, the drug efflux mechanism leads to MDRC, in this phenomenon, lectin plays a key role in reversing the efflux mechanism. Few preclinical reports have mentioned that lectin shows synergism in combination with complementary medicine and as a nano drug carrier helps to deliver to the targeted site. CONCLUSION We have discussed the alternative therapy using lectin and an in-depth insight into the reversal drug resistance mechanisms to combat MDRC cancer, enhance the efficacy, reduce toxicity and adverse events, and ensure targeted delivery, and their application in the field of cancer diagnosis and prognosis has been discussed. However, further investigation is necessary in drug development and clinical trials which could be helpful to elaborate the reversal mechanism and unlock newer treatment modalities in MDRC cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puja Ghosh
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu 643 001, India
| | - Niloy Patari
- Lane Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, West Virginia University, USA
| | - Chennu Manisha
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu 643 001, India
| | - Duraiswamy Basavan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, JSS College of Pharmacy, Najwal, Vijaypur, Jammu 184 120, India
| | - Velammal Petchiappan
- Department of General Medicine, PSG Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641 004, India
| | - Antony Justin
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu 643 001, India.
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Zeeshan M, Ain QU, Weigmann B, Story D, Smith BR, Ali H. Dual pH and microbial-sensitive galactosylated polymeric nanocargoes for multi-level targeting to combat ulcerative colitis. Asian J Pharm Sci 2023; 18:100831. [PMID: 37588990 PMCID: PMC10425895 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2023.100831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a type of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by inflammation, ulcers and irritation of the mucosal lining. Oral drug delivery in UC encounters challenges because of multifaceted barriers. Dexamethasone-loaded galactosylated-PLGA/Eudragit S100/pullulan nanocargoes (Dexa-GP/ES/Pu NCs) have been developed with a dual stimuli-sensitive coating responsive to both colonic pH and microbiota, and an underneath galactosylated-PLGA core (GP). The galactose ligand of the GP preferentially binds to the macrophage galactose type-lectin-C (MGL-2) surface receptor. Therefore, both stimuli and ligand-mediated targeting facilitate nanocargoes to deliver Dexa specifically to the colon with enhanced macrophage uptake. Modified emulsion method coupled with a solvent evaporation coating technique was employed to prepare Dexa-GP/ES/Pu NCs. The nanocargoes were tested using in vitro, ex vivo techniques and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) induced UC model. Prepared nanocargoes had desired physicochemical properties, drug release, cell uptake and cellular viability. Investigations using a DSS-colitis model showed high localization and mitigation of colitis with downregulation of NF-ĸB and COX-2, and restoration of clinical, histopathological, biochemical indices, antioxidant balance, microbial alterations, FTIR spectra, and epithelial junctions' integrity. Thus, Dexa-GP/ES/Pu NCs found to be biocompatible nanocargoes capable of delivering drugs to the inflamed colon with unique targeting properties for prolonged duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahira Zeeshan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
- Department of Medicine 1, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Kussmaul Campus for Medical Research, Erlangen 91052, Germany
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Capital University of Science and Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Qurat Ul Ain
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Benno Weigmann
- Department of Medicine 1, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Kussmaul Campus for Medical Research, Erlangen 91052, Germany
| | - Darren Story
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824, USA
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824, USA
| | - Bryan R. Smith
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824, USA
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824, USA
| | - Hussain Ali
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
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Thakkar H, Modi B, Patel B. Intranasal spray of cubosomal Tizanidine Hydrochloride for brain targeting: In-vitro and in-vivo characterization. J Microencapsul 2023:1-18. [PMID: 37129532 DOI: 10.1080/02652048.2023.2209651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Tizanidine HCl (TH) is used as first-line therapy for the treatment of muscular spasm. The intranasal cubosomal delivery system of TH for site-specific delivery i.e. CNS was developed. Cubosomes of TH were prepared using Glyceryl monooleate (GMO) as a lipid, poloxamer 407 as stabilizer, and ethanol and polyethylene glycol 200 as co-solvent. Optimized cubosomes of TH were characterized for vesicle size, zeta potential, % drug entrapment, mucin binding efficiency, which found to be 50.22 nm, -6.39 mV, 69.28%, 42.12%. It is also evaluated for CRYO-FESEM, CRYO-TEM, SAXS, residual solvent content, and in-vitro drug release. Ex-vivo permeation was also conducted at 7.4 and it indicates that almost 93.66% drug was diffused from a formulation in 6 hrs. Histopathological study of the optimized TH cubosomes suggests that the prepared formulation is non-toxic to the nasal mucosa. Pharmacokinetic and brain distribution study indicates targeted action of the formulated TH cubosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hetal Thakkar
- G.H. Patel Pharmacy building, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - Bhumi Modi
- G.H. Patel Pharmacy building, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - Brijesh Patel
- G.H. Patel Pharmacy building, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
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Fan Z, Zhang Y, Jiao L, Zhu T, Feng Z, Liu Z, Yang Y, Wang D. Lycium barbarum polysaccharides-loaded Particulate Alum via Pickering emulsion as an adjuvant to enhance immune responses. Int J Pharm 2022; 630:122418. [PMID: 36423709 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Pickering emulsion has great potential as a vaccine adjuvant due to its unique advantages such as its high antigen loading efficiency, great stability, etc. Among several adjuvants on the market, aluminum adjuvant (Alum) is the most widely used at present. However, problems such as the inability to effectively induce cellular immunity and the poor effect on subunit vaccines limit the application of Alum. As an immunopotentiator, Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBP) have been proven to have the ability to regulate humoral and cellular immunity. To overcome the insufficiency of Alum, we explored a new adjuvant delivery system. The Lycium barbarum polysaccharides-loaded Particulate Alum via Pickering emulsion (LBPPE) was prepared by loading Alum on the squalene/water interphase following LBP was adsorbed on the Alum surface (Fig. 10). Similar to squalene, LBPPE possesses a good biosafety profile. LBPPE was spherical with uneven surface, which increased the possibility of efficient antigen adsorption on the surface and crack of LBPPE. And the result shown that the LBPPE had high antigen loading rate at approximately 90 %. In vivo experiments, LBPPE showed an excellent ability to recruit antigen-presenting cells (APCs) at the injection sites, activate dendritic cells in the lymph nodes. Then, in the evaluation of humoral immunity, LBPPE was able to effectively induce the production of IgG, IgG1, and IgG2a. Moreover, LBPPE significantly enhanced the expression and activation of T lymphocytes, and induced a strong immune memory T cells response. All the results above suggested that LBPPE is likely to provide promising insights toward a safe and efficient adjuvant platform for vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zexiao Fan
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Lina Jiao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Tianyu Zhu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Zian Feng
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Zhenguang Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Yang Yang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Deyun Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
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7
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Punjabi K, Adhikary RR, Patnaik A, Bendale P, Saxena S, Banerjee R. Lectin-Functionalized Chitosan Nanoparticle-Based Biosensor for Point-of-Care Detection of Bacterial Infections. Bioconjug Chem 2022; 33:1552-1563. [PMID: 35920551 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.2c00299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The WHO estimates an average of 10 million deaths per year due to the increasing number of infections and the predominance of drug resistance. To improve clinical outcomes and contain the spread of infections, the development of newer diagnostic tools is imperative to reduce the time and cost involved to reach the farthest population. The current study focuses on the development of a point-of-care technology that uses crystal violet entrapped, lectin functionalized chitosan nanoparticles to detect the presence of clinically relevant bacterial infections. Spherical nanoparticles of <200 nm in diameter make up the biosensing nanomaterial, showed specific clumping in the presence of bacteria to form visible aggregates as compared to a nonbacterial sample. Visible agglutination confirmed the presence of bacteria in the samples. The devices require just 100 μL of sample and were tested with various bacteria-spiked saline, simulated urine, artificial sputum, and simulated respiratory and wound swabs. The developed device did not require any sample preparation or sophisticated instruments while enabling rapid differentiation between bacterial and nonbacterial infections within 10 min. The in vitro results with bacteria-spiked simulated samples reveal 100% sensitivity and specificity with a limit of detection of 105 cfu/mL. The nanomaterial developed was found to be stable for more than 90 days at accelerated conditions. The developed device can be a screening tool for home-based or clinical assessment and follow the treatment accordingly, reducing exposure to broad-spectrum antibiotics in the case of nonbacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kapil Punjabi
- Nanomedicine Lab, Department of Bioscience & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Mumbai 400 076, India
| | - Rishi Rajat Adhikary
- Nanomedicine Lab, Department of Bioscience & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Mumbai 400 076, India
| | - Aishani Patnaik
- Nanomedicine Lab, Department of Bioscience & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Mumbai 400 076, India
| | - Prachi Bendale
- Nanomedicine Lab, Department of Bioscience & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Mumbai 400 076, India
| | - Survanshu Saxena
- Nanomedicine Lab, Department of Bioscience & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Mumbai 400 076, India
| | - Rinti Banerjee
- Nanomedicine Lab, Department of Bioscience & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Mumbai 400 076, India
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Parvez S, Karole A, Mudavath SL. Transport mechanism of hydroxy-propyl-beta-cyclodextrin modified solid lipid nanoparticles across human epithelial cells for the oral absorption of antileishmanial drugs. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2022; 1866:130157. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2022.130157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Ghanimi Fard M, Khabir Z, Reineck P, Cordina NM, Abe H, Ohshima T, Dalal S, Gibson BC, Packer NH, Parker LM. Targeting cell surface glycans with lectin-coated fluorescent nanodiamonds. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2022; 4:1551-1564. [PMID: 36134370 PMCID: PMC9418452 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00036a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Glycosylation is arguably the most important functional post-translational modification in brain cells and abnormal cell surface glycan expression has been associated with neurological diseases and brain cancers. In this study we developed a novel method for uptake of fluorescent nanodiamonds (FND), carbon-based nanoparticles with low toxicity and easily modifiable surfaces, into brain cell subtypes by targeting their glycan receptors with carbohydrate-binding lectins. Lectins facilitated uptake of 120 nm FND with nitrogen-vacancy centers in three types of brain cells - U87-MG astrocytes, PC12 neurons and BV-2 microglia cells. The nanodiamond/lectin complexes used in this study target glycans that have been described to be altered in brain diseases including sialic acid glycans via wheat (Triticum aestivum) germ agglutinin (WGA), high mannose glycans via tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) lectin (TL) and core fucosylated glycans via Aleuria aurantia lectin (AAL). The lectin conjugated nanodiamonds were taken up differently by the various brain cell types with fucose binding AAL/FNDs taken up preferentially by glioblastoma phenotype astrocyte cells (U87-MG), sialic acid binding WGA/FNDs by neuronal phenotype cells (PC12) and high mannose binding TL/FNDs by microglial cells (BV-2). With increasing recognition of glycans having a role in many diseases, the lectin bioconjugated nanodiamonds developed here are well suited for further investigation into theranostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Ghanimi Fard
- School of Natural Sciences, Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Macquarie University Sydney NSW 2109 Australia +61 2 9850 8269
| | - Zahra Khabir
- School of Natural Sciences, Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Macquarie University Sydney NSW 2109 Australia +61 2 9850 8269
| | - Philipp Reineck
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, School of Science, RMIT University Melbourne VIC 3001 Australia
| | - Nicole M Cordina
- School of Natural Sciences, Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Macquarie University Sydney NSW 2109 Australia +61 2 9850 8269
| | - Hiroshi Abe
- Quantum Beam Science Research Directorate, The Institute for Quantum Life Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology Takasaki Gunma 3701292 Japan
| | - Takeshi Ohshima
- Quantum Beam Science Research Directorate, The Institute for Quantum Life Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology Takasaki Gunma 3701292 Japan
| | - Sagar Dalal
- School of Natural Sciences, Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Macquarie University Sydney NSW 2109 Australia +61 2 9850 8269
| | - Brant C Gibson
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, School of Science, RMIT University Melbourne VIC 3001 Australia
| | - Nicolle H Packer
- School of Natural Sciences, Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Macquarie University Sydney NSW 2109 Australia +61 2 9850 8269
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University Southport QLD 4222 Australia
| | - Lindsay M Parker
- School of Natural Sciences, Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Macquarie University Sydney NSW 2109 Australia +61 2 9850 8269
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Jain M, Amera GM, Muthukumaran J, Singh AK. Insights into biological role of plant defense proteins: A review. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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11
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Choi Y, Kim J, Chae J, Hong J, Park J, Jeong E, Kim H, Tanaka M, Okochi M, Choi J. Surface glycan targeting for cancer nano-immunotherapy. J Control Release 2022; 342:321-336. [PMID: 34998918 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy is an emerging therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment. Most of the immunotherapeutics approved by the FDA regulate the innate immune system and associated immune cell activity, with immune check inhibitors in particular having transformed the field of cancer immunotherapy due to their significant clinical potential. However, previously reported immunotherapeutics have exhibited undesirable side effects, including autoimmune toxicity and inflammation. Controlling these deleterious responses and designing therapeutics that can precisely target specific regions are thus crucial to improving the efficacy of cancer immunotherapies. Recent studies have reported that cancer cells employ glycan-immune checkpoint interactions to modulate immune cell activity. Thus, the recognition of cancer glycan moieties such as sialoglycans may improve the anticancer activity of immune cells. In this review, we discuss recent advances in cancer immunotherapies involving glycans and glycan-targeting technologies based on nanomaterial-assisted local delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghyun Choi
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Kim
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jayoung Chae
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joohye Hong
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongjun Park
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunseo Jeong
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hayoung Kim
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Masayoshi Tanaka
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-S1-24, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Mina Okochi
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-S1-24, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Jonghoon Choi
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Alginate Modification and Lectin-Conjugation Approach to Synthesize the Mucoadhesive Matrix. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app112411818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Alginates are natural anionic polyelectrolytes investigated in various biomedical applications, such as drug delivery, tissue engineering, and 3D bioprinting. Functionalization of alginates is one possible way to provide a broad range of requirements for those applications. A range of techniques, including esterification, amidation, acetylation, phosphorylation, sulfation, graft copolymerization, and oxidation and reduction, have been implemented for this purpose. The rationale behind these investigations is often the combination of such modified alginates with different molecules. Particularly promising are lectin conjugate macromolecules for lectin-mediated drug delivery, which enhance the bioavailability of active ingredients on a specific site. Most interesting for such application are alginate derivatives, because these macromolecules are more resistant to acidic and enzymatic degradation. This review will report recent progress in alginate modification and conjugation, focusing on alginate-lectin conjugation, which is proposed as a matrix for mucoadhesive drug delivery and provides a new perspective for future studies with these conjugation methods.
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Goel H, Kalra V, Verma SK, Dubey SK, Tiwary AK. Convolutions in the rendition of nose to brain therapeutics from bench to bedside: Feats & fallacies. J Control Release 2021; 341:782-811. [PMID: 34906605 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Brain, a subtle organ of multifarious nature presents plethora of physiological, metabolic and bio-chemical convolutions that impede the delivery of biomolecules and thereby resulting in truncated therapeutic outcome in pathological conditions of central nervous system (CNS). The absolute bottleneck in the therapeutic management of such devastating CNS ailments is the BBB. Another pitfall is the lack of efficient technological platforms (due to high cost and low approval rates) as well as limited clinical trials (due to failures of neuro‑leads in late-stage pipelines) for CNS disorders which has become a literal brain drain with poorest success rates compared to other therapeutic areas, owing to time consuming processes, tremendous convolutions and conceivable adverse effects. With the advent of intranasal delivery (via direct N2B or indirect nose to blood to brain), several novel drug delivery carriers viz. unmodified or surface modified nanoparticle based carriers, lipid based colloidal nanocarriers and drysolid/liquid/semisolid nanoformulations or delivery platforms have been designed as a means to deliver therapeutic agents (small and large molecules, peptides and proteins, genes) to brain, bypassing BBB for disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), epilepsy, schizophrenia and CNS malignancies primarily glioblastomas. Intranasal application offers drug delivery through both direct and indirect pathways for the peripherally administered psychopharmacological agents to CNS. This route could also be exploited for the repurposing of conventional drugs for new therapeutic uses. The limited clinical translation of intranasal formulations has been primarily due to existence of barriers of mucociliary clearance in the nasal cavity, enzyme degradation and low permeability of the nasal epithelium. The present review literature aims to decipher the new paradigms of nano therapeutic systems employed for specific N2B drug delivery of CNS drugs through in silico complexation studies using rationally chosen mucoadhesive polymers (exhibiting unique physicochemical properties of nanocarrier's i.e. surface modification, prolonging retention time in the nasal cavity, improving penetration ability, and promoting brain specific delivery with biorecognitive ligands) via molecular docking simulations. Further, the review intends to delineate the feats and fallacies associated with N2B delivery approaches by understanding the physiological/anatomical considerations via decoding the intranasal drug delivery pathways or critical factors such as rationale and mechanism of excipients, affecting the permeability of CNS drugs through nasal mucosa as well as better efficacy in terms of brain targeting, brain bioavailability and time to reach the brain. Additionally, extensive emphasis has also been laid on the innovative formulations under preclinical investigation along with their assessment by means of in vitro /ex vivo/in vivo N2B models and current characterization techniques predisposing an efficient intranasal delivery of therapeutics. A critical appraisal of novel technologies, intranasal products or medical devices available commercially has also been presented. Finally, it could be warranted that more reminiscent pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic relationships or validated computational models are mandated to obtain effective screening of molecular architecture of drug-polymer-mucin complexes for clinical translation of N2B therapeutic systems from bench to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honey Goel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Baba Farid University of Health Sciences, Faridkot, Punjab, India.
| | - Vinni Kalra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Sant Kumar Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Indo-Soviet Friendship College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
| | | | - Ashok Kumar Tiwary
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India.
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Yan R, Xu L, Wang Q, Wu Z, Zhang H, Gan L. Cyclosporine A Nanosuspensions for Ophthalmic Delivery: A Comparative Study between Cationic Nanoparticles and Drug-Core Mucus Penetrating Nanoparticles. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:4290-4298. [PMID: 34731571 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The effect of mucin on ocular bioavailability depends on the extent to which it acts as a barrier or retention site. Mucus penetrating particles (MPPs) can evade the mucus entrapment and associated rapid clearance, but cationic nanoparticles have high adhesion to the mucosa. Both formulations can prolong the drug residence time on the surface of the eyes. The purpose of this work is to compare the effects of mucoadhesion of cationic nanoparticles and mucous permeability of MPPs on ocular bioavailability. Cationic nanosuspensions and drug-core MPP nanosuspensions were developed using the anti-solvent precipitation method. The results of X-ray diffraction revealed that CsA was amorphous. In vitro mucoadhesion evaluation demonstrated that cationic nanosuspensions enhanced the interaction with pig mucin about 5.0-6.0 fold compared to drug-core MPP nanosuspensions. A mucus permeation study by the transwell diffusion system showed that the Papp values of drug-core MPP nanosuspensions were 5.0-10.0 times higher than those of cationic nanosuspensions. In vivo ocular bioavailability evaluation of those CsA formulations was conducted in rabbits using a conventional nanosuspension as a comparison. The CsA concentrations in the cornea following the administration of a cationic nanosuspension and a drug-core MPP nanosuspension were 13,641.10 ng/g and 11,436.07 ng/g, respectively, significantly higher than that of the conventional nanosuspension (8310.762 ng/g). The results showed that both the cationic and MPP nanosuspensions were able to deliver CsA to anterior ocular tissues in effective therapeutic concentrations (10-20 μg/g) with topical drop instillation. The cationic nanosuspension could achieve relatively higher bioavailability than the MPP nanosuspension. The cationic nanosuspension would be a promising ocular drug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Yan
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Lai Xu
- Shanghai InnoStar Bio-tech Company Ltd., Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Qiuhe Wang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Zheng Wu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Li Gan
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
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Miao YB, Lin YJ, Chen KH, Luo PK, Chuang SH, Yu YT, Tai HM, Chen CT, Lin KJ, Sung HW. Engineering Nano- and Microparticles as Oral Delivery Vehicles to Promote Intestinal Lymphatic Drug Transport. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2104139. [PMID: 34596293 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202104139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Targeted oral delivery of a drug via the intestinal lymphatic system (ILS) has the advantages of protecting against hepatic first-pass metabolism of the drug and improving its pharmacokinetic performance. It is also a promising route for the oral delivery of vaccines and therapeutic agents to induce mucosal immune responses and treat lymphatic diseases, respectively. This article describes the anatomical structures and physiological characteristics of the ILS, with an emphasis on enterocytes and microfold (M) cells, which are the main gateways for the transport of particulate delivery vehicles across the intestinal epithelium into the lymphatics. A comprehensive overview of recent advances in the rational engineering of particulate vehicles, along with the challenges and opportunities that they present for improving ILS drug delivery, is provided, and the mechanisms by which such vehicles target and transport through enterocytes or M cells are discussed. The use of naturally sourced materials, such as yeast microcapsules and their derived polymeric β-glucans, as novel ILS-targeting delivery vehicles is also reviewed. Such use is the focus of an emerging field of research. Their potential use in the oral delivery of nucleic acids, such as mRNA vaccines, is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Bao Miao
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yu-Jung Lin
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Kuan-Hung Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Po-Kai Luo
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shun-Hao Chuang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yu-Tzu Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hsien-Meng Tai
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chiung-Tong Chen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Kun-Ju Lin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Center, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hsing-Wen Sung
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Suthar N, Desai J, Thakkar HP. Investigation on Potential of Chitosan Nanoparticles for Oral Bioavailability Enhancement of Risedronate Sodium. AAPS PharmSciTech 2021; 22:236. [PMID: 34535843 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-021-02090-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Risedronate sodium (RS) is used in osteoporosis for bone reabsorption. It is a BCS class III drug having poor oral bioavailability (<0.63%) due to low permeability. In the present study, RS-loaded chitosan nanoparticles were developed to increase oral bioavailability and evaluated for various parameters. The DSC study indicated compatibility of RS with excipients in their physical mixture. The nanoparticles were prepared by ionotropic gelation technique and lyophilized. The optimized batch (RS-CNs) was found to have particles of size 268.7 nm and zeta potential of 24.9 mV. The TEM image of RS-CNs revealed discrete spherical particles. Angle of repose of 27.02 indicates good flow property of nanoparticles. FT-IR spectra of RS-CNs showed characteristic peaks of RS indicating compatibility of RS with the excipients. The mucin binding efficiency of RS-CNs was obtained as 63.42%. The in vitro release study of RS indicated controlled delivery from RS-CNs over 22 h. The release mechanism was found to be diffusion- and erosion-controlled release. Ex vivo study using rat intestine revealed faster permeation of 32.78% in 6 h from RS-CNs compared to plain drug solution. In vivo pharmacokinetic study in rats showed increased Cmax (1.8 fold) from RS-CNs compared to marketed formulation. The relative bioavailability of 193% from RS-CNs indicated significant enhancement in bioavailability upon nanoparticle formulation. The RS-CNs were found to be stable at room and refrigerated conditions. In conclusion, developed RS-loaded chitosan nanoparticles seem to be a promising approach to increase oral bioavailability and can avoid upper GI tract side effects.
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Abruzzo A, Giordani B, Miti A, Vitali B, Zuccheri G, Cerchiara T, Luppi B, Bigucci F. Mucoadhesive and mucopenetrating chitosan nanoparticles for glycopeptide antibiotic administration. Int J Pharm 2021; 606:120874. [PMID: 34252521 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The use of nanoparticles (NPs) represents a useful strategy for peptide antibiotic delivery to mucosal membranes by either prolonging drug residence time at the target site (mucoadhesive NPs) or by enhancing diffusion across mucus layer to reach the underlying epithelium (mucopenetrating NPs). The purpose of this study was to design chitosan (CH) NPs and to evaluate their employment as mucoadhesive and/or mucopenetrating systems for vancomycin (VM) delivery. NPs were prepared by ionic gelation of CH with sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), sodium alginate (ALG), sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) or phytic acid (PA) and characterized in terms of size, zeta-potential, morphology, drug encapsulation efficiency, mucoadhesion and mucopenetrating ability. Moreover, in vitro tests were conducted to evaluate VM release and the antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis. NPs showed sizes ranged from 150 nm to 350 nm with good polydispersity index and positive zeta-potential. The selection of the suitable crosslinker allowed to modulate the mucoadhesive/mucopenetrating properties: CH/TPP NPs showed the best mucoadhesive ability, while CH/PA and CH/CMC NPs were characterized by an improved diffusion across the mucus layer. Further, NPs allowed a fast and complete release of VM, maintaining the antibacterial activity against the tested bacteria species.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Abruzzo
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Via San Donato 19/2, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy.
| | - B Giordani
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Via San Donato 19/2, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy.
| | - A Miti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology and Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research on Health Science and Technologies, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - B Vitali
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Via San Donato 19/2, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy.
| | - G Zuccheri
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology and Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research on Health Science and Technologies, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy; S3 Center of the Nanoscience Institute of the Italian Research Council (CNRNANO), Via Campi, 213/A, 41125 Modena, Italy.
| | - T Cerchiara
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Via San Donato 19/2, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy.
| | - B Luppi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Via San Donato 19/2, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy.
| | - F Bigucci
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Via San Donato 19/2, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy.
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Zhu Q, Chen Z, Paul PK, Lu Y, Wu W, Qi J. Oral delivery of proteins and peptides: Challenges, status quo and future perspectives. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:2416-2448. [PMID: 34522593 PMCID: PMC8424290 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteins and peptides (PPs) have gradually become more attractive therapeutic molecules than small molecular drugs due to their high selectivity and efficacy, but fewer side effects. Owing to the poor stability and limited permeability through gastrointestinal (GI) tract and epithelia, the therapeutic PPs are usually administered by parenteral route. Given the big demand for oral administration in clinical use, a variety of researches focused on developing new technologies to overcome GI barriers of PPs, such as enteric coating, enzyme inhibitors, permeation enhancers, nanoparticles, as well as intestinal microdevices. Some new technologies have been developed under clinical trials and even on the market. This review summarizes the history, the physiological barriers and the overcoming approaches, current clinical and preclinical technologies, and future prospects of oral delivery of PPs.
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Key Words
- ASBT, apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter
- BSA, bovine serum albumin
- CAGR, compound annual growth
- CD, Crohn's disease
- COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- CPP, cell penetrating peptide
- CaP, calcium phosphate
- Clinical
- DCs, dendritic cells
- DDVAP, desmopressin acetate
- DTPA, diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid
- EDTA, ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid
- EPD, empirical phase diagrams
- EPR, electron paramagnetic resonance
- Enzyme inhibitor
- FA, folic acid
- FDA, U.S. Food and Drug Administration
- FcRn, Fc receptor
- GALT, gut-associated lymphoid tissue
- GI, gastrointestinal
- GIPET, gastrointestinal permeation enhancement technology
- GLP-1, glucagon-like peptide 1
- GRAS, generally recognized as safe
- HBsAg, hepatitis B surface antigen
- HPMCP, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate
- IBD, inflammatory bowel disease
- ILs, ionic liquids
- LBNs, lipid-based nanoparticles
- LMWP, low molecular weight protamine
- MCT-1, monocarborxylate transporter 1
- MSNs, mesoporous silica nanoparticles
- NAC, N-acetyl-l-cysteine
- NLCs, nanostructured lipid carriers
- Oral delivery
- PAA, polyacrylic acid
- PBPK, physiologically based pharmacokinetics
- PCA, principal component analysis
- PCL, polycarprolacton
- PGA, poly-γ-glutamic acid
- PLA, poly(latic acid)
- PLGA, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)
- PPs, proteins and peptides
- PVA, poly vinyl alcohol
- Peptides
- Permeation enhancer
- Proteins
- RGD, Arg-Gly-Asp
- RTILs, room temperature ionic liquids
- SAR, structure–activity relationship
- SDC, sodium deoxycholate
- SGC, sodium glycocholate
- SGF, simulated gastric fluids
- SIF, simulated intestinal fluids
- SLNs, solid lipid nanoparticles
- SNAC, sodium N-[8-(2-hydroxybenzoyl)amino]caprylate
- SNEDDS, self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems
- STC, sodium taurocholate
- Stability
- TAT, trans-activating transcriptional peptide
- TMC, N-trimethyl chitosan
- Tf, transferrin
- TfR, transferrin receptors
- UC, ulcerative colitis
- UEA1, ulex europaeus agglutinin 1
- VB12, vitamin B12
- WGA, wheat germ agglutinin
- pHPMA, N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide
- pI, isoelectric point
- sCT, salmon calcitonin
- sc, subcutaneous
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Affiliation(s)
- Quangang Zhu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, China
| | - Zhongjian Chen
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, China
| | - Pijush Kumar Paul
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Gono Bishwabidyalay (University), Mirzanagar Savar, Dhaka 1344, Bangladesh
| | - Yi Lu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, China
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery of MOE, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, China
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery of MOE, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jianping Qi
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, China
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery of MOE, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
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19
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Tian Z, Mai Y, Meng T, Ma S, Gou G, Yang J. Nanocrystals for Improving Oral Bioavailability of Drugs: Intestinal Transport Mechanisms and Influencing Factors. AAPS PharmSciTech 2021; 22:179. [PMID: 34128132 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-021-02041-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
With the limitation of solubility and dissolution rate of insoluble drugs, following oral administration, they would rifely prove poor and volatile bioavailability, which may fail to realize its therapeutic value. The drug nanocrystals are perceived as effective tactic for oral administration of insoluble drugs attributes to possess many prominent properties such as elevating dissolution rate and saturation solubility, high drug loading capacity, and improving oral bioavailability. Based on these advantages, the application of nanocrystals in oral drug delivery has acquired significant achievement, and so far more than 20 products of drug nanocrystals have been confirmed in the market. However, the oral absorption of drug nanocrystals is still facing huge challenges due to the limitation of many factors. Intrinsic properties of the drugs and complex physiological environment of the intestinal tract are the two most important factors affecting the oral bioavailability of drugs. In addition, the research on the multi-aspect mechanisms of nanocrystals promoting gastrointestinal absorption and bioavailability has been gradually deepened. In this review, we summarized recent advances of the nanocrystals delivered orally, and provided an overview to the research progress for crossing the intestinal tract transport mechanisms of the nanocrystals by some new research techniques. Meanwhile, the factors relevant to the transport of drug nanocrystals were also elaborated in detail. Graphical Abstract.
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Yu R, Petit E, Barboiu M, Li S, Sun W, Chen C. Biobased dynamic hydrogels by reversible imine bonding for controlled release of thymopentin. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 127:112210. [PMID: 34225862 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Thymopentin (TP5) is widely used in the treatment of autoimmune diseases, but the short in vivo half-life of TP5 strongly restricts its clinical applications. A series of blank and TP5 loaded hydrogels were synthesized via reversible dual imine bonding by mixing water soluble O-carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) with a dynamer (Dy) prepared from Jeffamine and benzene-1,3,5-tricarbaldehyde. TP5 release from hydrogels was studied at 37 °C under in vitro conditions. The molar mass of CMCS, drug loading conditions and drug content were varied to elucidate their effects on hydrogel properties and drug release behaviors. Density functional theory was applied to theoretically confirm the chemical connections between TP5 or CMCS with Dy. All hydrogels exhibited interpenetrating porous architecture with average pore size from 59 to 83 μm, and pH-sensitive swelling up to 10,000% at pH 8. TP5 encapsulation affected the rheological properties of hydrogels as TP5 was partially attached to the network via imine bonding. Higher TP5 loading led to higher release rates. Faster release was observed at pH 5.5 than at pH 7.4 due to lower stability of imine bonds in acidic media. Fitting of release data using Higuchi model showed that initial TP5 release was essentially diffusion controlled. All these findings proved that the dynamic hydrogels are promising carriers for controlled delivery of hydrophilic drugs, and shed new light on the design of drug release systems by both physical mixing and reversible covalent bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yu
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM, UMR 5635, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Eddy Petit
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM, UMR 5635, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Mihail Barboiu
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM, UMR 5635, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France.
| | - Suming Li
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM, UMR 5635, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France.
| | - Wenjing Sun
- China-America Cancer Research Institute, Key Laboratory for Medical Molecular Diagnostics of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China.
| | - Congmei Chen
- National Supercomputing Center in Shenzhen (Shenzhen Cloud Computing Center), Guangdong, Shenzhen 518055, China
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das Neves J, Sverdlov Arzi R, Sosnik A. Molecular and cellular cues governing nanomaterial-mucosae interactions: from nanomedicine to nanotoxicology. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 49:5058-5100. [PMID: 32538405 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00948a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mucosal tissues constitute the largest interface between the body and the surrounding environment and they regulate the access of molecules, supramolecular structures, particulate matter, and pathogens into it. All mucosae are characterized by an outer mucus layer that protects the underlying cells from physicochemical, biological and mechanical insults, a mono-layered or stratified epithelium that forms tight junctions and controls the selective transport of solutes across it and associated lymphoid tissues that play a sentinel role. Mucus is a gel-like material comprised mainly of the glycoprotein mucin and water and it displays both hydrophilic and hydrophobic domains, a net negative charge, and high porosity and pore interconnectivity, providing an efficient barrier for the absorption of therapeutic agents. To prolong the residence time, absorption and bioavailability of a broad spectrum of active compounds upon mucosal administration, mucus-penetrating and mucoadhesive particles have been designed by tuning the chemical composition, the size, the density, and the surface properties. The benefits of utilizing nanomaterials that interact intimately with mucosae by different mechanisms in the nanomedicine field have been extensively reported. To ensure the safety of these nanosystems, their compatibility is evaluated in vitro and in vivo in preclinical and clinical trials. Conversely, there is a growing concern about the toxicity of nanomaterials dispersed in air and water effluents that unintentionally come into contact with the airways and the gastrointestinal tract. Thus, deep understanding of the key nanomaterial properties that govern the interplay with mucus and tissues is crucial for the rational design of more efficient drug delivery nanosystems (nanomedicine) and to anticipate the fate and side-effects of nanoparticulate matter upon acute or chronic exposure (nanotoxicology). This review initially overviews the complex structural features of mucosal tissues, including the structure of mucus, the epithelial barrier, the mucosal-associated lymphatic tissues and microbiota. Then, the most relevant investigations attempting to identify and validate the key particle features that govern nanomaterial-mucosa interactions and that are relevant in both nanomedicine and nanotoxicology are discussed in a holistic manner. Finally, the most popular experimental techniques and the incipient use of mathematical and computational models to characterize these interactions are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- José das Neves
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde & INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Roni Sverdlov Arzi
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Nanomaterials Science, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, De-Jur Building, Office 607, Haifa, 3200003, Israel.
| | - Alejandro Sosnik
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Nanomaterials Science, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, De-Jur Building, Office 607, Haifa, 3200003, Israel.
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Haider T, Pandey V, Behera C, Kumar P, Gupta PN, Soni V. Spectrin conjugated PLGA nanoparticles for potential membrane phospholipid interactions: Development, optimization and in vitro studies. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.102087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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23
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N-acetyl-d-glucosamine-conjugated PAMAM dendrimers as dual receptor-targeting nanocarriers for anticancer drug delivery. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2020; 154:377-386. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2020.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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24
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A. Fahmy U, A.A. Ahmed O, A. El-mose M, Asfour HZ, Alhakamy NA. Thymoquinone Loaded Zein Nanoparticles Improves the Cytotoxicity against Breast Cancer Cells. INT J PHARMACOL 2020. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2020.554.561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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25
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He J, Liu Z, Jiang W, Zhu T, Wusiman A, Gu P, Liu J, Wang D. Immune-adjuvant activity of lentinan-modified calcium carbonate microparticles on a H 5N 1 vaccine. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 163:1384-1392. [PMID: 32758599 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the high prevalence of avian influenza viruses especially H5N1 subtype isolated from poultry and human has become a major public health concern. Vaccination is still a major strategy for preventing H5N1 infections. Lentinan (LNT), a β-1,3-glucohexaose with β-1,6-branches, is extracted from Lentinus edodes and has been extensively studied for its immunoenhancement effects. In this study, we synthesized and characterized calcium carbonate (CaCO3) microparticles which modified with LNT as an adjuvant for H5N1 vaccine and investigated their ability to enhance immune responses. We prepared spherical and uniform CaCO3-LNT microparticles with a mean hydrodynamic size was around 2 μm. The H5N1 antigen-loaded CaCO3-LNT particles were injected into mice to evaluate their effectiveness as an adjuvant for H5N1 vaccines. The results demonstrated that CaCO3-LNT/H5N1 significantly enhanced the expression of MHC-II and CD86 in lymph node dendritic cells, and increased the ratio of CD4+ to CD8+ T cells in lymphocytes. Moreover, CaCO3-LNT/H5N1 surprisingly increased the HI titers and induced the secretion of IgG subtypes (IgG1 and IgG2b) and Th-associated cytokines (TNF-α, IFN-γ and IL-4) in immunized mice. Therefore, by combining with the immunostimulatory activity of LNT and the drug/antigen delivery capabilities of CaCO3, the CaCO3-LNT/H5N1 could induce a stronger cellular and humoral immune response and could be a potential adjuvant for the H5N1 vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin He
- Institution of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 21005, PR China
| | - Zhenguang Liu
- Institution of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 21005, PR China
| | - Wenming Jiang
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Tianyu Zhu
- Institution of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 21005, PR China
| | - Adelijiang Wusiman
- Institution of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 21005, PR China
| | - Pengfei Gu
- Institution of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 21005, PR China
| | - Jiaguo Liu
- Institution of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 21005, PR China
| | - Deyun Wang
- Institution of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 21005, PR China.
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26
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Designing, structural determination and biological effects of rifaximin loaded chitosan- carboxymethyl chitosan nanogel. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 248:116782. [PMID: 32919570 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Due to the poor solubility and permeability of rifaximin (RFX), it is not effective against intracellular pathogens although it shows strong activity against most bacteria. To develop an effective mucoadhesive drug delivery system with a targeted release in bacterial infection site, RFX-loaded chitosan (CS)/carboxymethyl-chitosan (CMCS) nanogel was designed and systematically evaluated. FTIR, DSC, and XRD demonstrated that the nanogel was formed by interactions between the positively charged NH3+ on CS and CMCS, and the negatively charged COO on CMCS. RFX was encapsulated into the optimized nanogel in amorphous form. The nanogel was a uniform spherical shape with a mean diameter of 171.07 nm. It had excellent sustained release, strong mucin binding ability, and pH-responsive properties of quicker swelling and release at acidic pH. It showed low hemolytic ratio and high antioxidant activity. The present investigation indicated that the CS-nanogel could be potentially used as a promising bacterial responsiveness drug delivery system.
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27
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Aldawsari HM, Fahmy UA, Abd-Allah F, Ahmed OAA. Formulation and Optimization of Avanafil Biodegradable Polymeric Nanoparticles: A Single-Dose Clinical Pharmacokinetic Evaluation. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E596. [PMID: 32604853 PMCID: PMC7356025 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12060596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Avanafil (AVA) is a second-generation phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) inhibitor. AVA shows high selectivity to penile tissues and fast absorption, but has a bioavailability of about 36%. The aim was to formulate and optimize AVA-biodegradable nanoparticles (NPs) to enhance AVA bioavailability. To assess the impact of variables, the Box-Behnken design was utilized to investigate and optimize the formulation process variables: the AVA:poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) ratio (w/w, X1); sonication time (min, X2); and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) concentration (%, X3). Particle size (nm, Y1) and EE% (%, Y2) were the responses. The optimized NPs were characterized for surface morphology and permeation. Furthermore, a single-oral dose (50 mg AVA) pharmacokinetic investigation on healthy volunteers was carried out. Statistical analysis revealed that all the investigated factors exhibited a significant effect on the particle size. Furthermore, the entrapment efficiency (Y2) was significantly affected by both the AVA:PLGA ratio (X1) and PVA concentration (X3). Pharmacokinetic data showed a significant increase in the area under the curve (1.68 folds) and plasma maximum concentration (1.3-fold) for the AVA NPs when compared with raw AVA. The optimization and formulation of AVA as biodegradable NPs prepared using solvent evaporation (SE) proves a successful way to enhance AVA bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hibah M. Aldawsari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (U.A.F.); (O.A.A.A.)
| | - Usama A. Fahmy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (U.A.F.); (O.A.A.A.)
| | - Fathy Abd-Allah
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11865, Egypt;
| | - Osama A. A. Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (U.A.F.); (O.A.A.A.)
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61111, Egypt
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28
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Overcoming the intestinal barrier: A look into targeting approaches for improved oral drug delivery systems. J Control Release 2020; 322:486-508. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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29
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Hua S. Advances in Oral Drug Delivery for Regional Targeting in the Gastrointestinal Tract - Influence of Physiological, Pathophysiological and Pharmaceutical Factors. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:524. [PMID: 32425781 PMCID: PMC7212533 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The oral route is by far the most common route of drug administration in the gastrointestinal tract and can be used for both systemic drug delivery and for treating local gastrointestinal diseases. It is the most preferred route by patients, due to its advantages, such as ease of use, non-invasiveness, and convenience for self-administration. Formulations can also be designed to enhance drug delivery to specific regions in the upper or lower gastrointestinal tract. Despite the clear advantages offered by the oral route, drug delivery can be challenging as the human gastrointestinal tract is complex and displays a number of physiological barriers that affect drug delivery. Among these challenges are poor drug stability, poor drug solubility, and low drug permeability across the mucosal barriers. Attempts to overcome these issues have focused on improved understanding of the physiology of the gastrointestinal tract in both healthy and diseased states. Innovative pharmaceutical approaches have also been explored to improve regional drug targeting in the gastrointestinal tract, including nanoparticulate formulations. This review will discuss the physiological, pathophysiological, and pharmaceutical considerations influencing drug delivery for the oral route of administration, as well as the conventional and novel drug delivery approaches. The translational challenges and development aspects of novel formulations will also be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Hua
- Therapeutic Targeting Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
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30
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Farazi S, Chen F, Foster H, Boquiren R, McAlpine SR, Chapman R. Real time monitoring of peptide delivery in vitro using high payload pH responsive nanogels. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py01120j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A pH responsive pMAA nanogel that demonstrates high loading capacity and rapid intracellular delivery of hydrophilic peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shegufta Farazi
- School of Chemistry
- UNSW Sydney
- Australia
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD)
- UNSW Sydney
| | - Fan Chen
- School of Chemistry
- UNSW Sydney
- Australia
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD)
- UNSW Sydney
| | - Henry Foster
- School of Chemistry
- UNSW Sydney
- Australia
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD)
- UNSW Sydney
| | | | | | - Robert Chapman
- School of Chemistry
- UNSW Sydney
- Australia
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD)
- UNSW Sydney
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31
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Mishra A, Behura A, Mawatwal S, Kumar A, Naik L, Mohanty SS, Manna D, Dokania P, Mishra A, Patra SK, Dhiman R. Structure-function and application of plant lectins in disease biology and immunity. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 134:110827. [PMID: 31542433 PMCID: PMC7115788 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lectins are proteins with a high degree of stereospecificity to recognize various sugar structures and form reversible linkages upon interaction with glyco-conjugate complexes. These are abundantly found in plants, animals and many other species and are known to agglutinate various blood groups of erythrocytes. Further, due to the unique carbohydrate recognition property, lectins have been extensively used in many biological functions that make use of protein-carbohydrate recognition like detection, isolation and characterization of glycoconjugates, histochemistry of cells and tissues, tumor cell recognition and many more. In this review, we have summarized the immunomodulatory effects of plant lectins and their effects against diseases, including antimicrobial action. We found that many plant lectins mediate its microbicidal activity by triggering host immune responses that result in the release of several cytokines followed by activation of effector mechanism. Moreover, certain lectins also enhance the phagocytic activity of macrophages during microbial infections. Lectins along with heat killed microbes can act as vaccine to provide long term protection from deadly microbes. Hence, lectin based therapy can be used as a better substitute to fight microbial diseases efficiently in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abtar Mishra
- Laboratory of Mycobacterial Immunology, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Assirbad Behura
- Laboratory of Mycobacterial Immunology, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Shradha Mawatwal
- Laboratory of Mycobacterial Immunology, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Ashish Kumar
- Laboratory of Mycobacterial Immunology, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Lincoln Naik
- Laboratory of Mycobacterial Immunology, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Subhashree Subhasmita Mohanty
- Laboratory of Mycobacterial Immunology, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Debraj Manna
- Laboratory of Mycobacterial Immunology, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Puja Dokania
- Laboratory of Mycobacterial Immunology, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Amit Mishra
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342011, India
| | - Samir K Patra
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, Odisha, India.
| | - Rohan Dhiman
- Laboratory of Mycobacterial Immunology, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, Odisha, India.
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32
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Akl M, Kartal-Hodzic A, Suutari T, Oksanen T, Montagner IM, Rosato A, Ismael HR, Afouna MI, Caliceti P, Yliperttula M, Samy AM, Mastrotto F, Salmaso S, Viitala T. Real-Time Label-Free Targeting Assessment and in Vitro Characterization of Curcumin-Loaded Poly-lactic- co-glycolic Acid Nanoparticles for Oral Colon Targeting. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:16878-16890. [PMID: 31646234 PMCID: PMC6796886 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b02086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The exploitation of curcumin for oral disease treatment is limited by its low solubility, poor bioavailability, and low stability. Surface-functionalized poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) have shown promising results to ameliorate selective delivery of drugs to the gastro-intestinal tract. In this study, curcumin-loaded PLGA NPs (C-PLGA NPs) of about 200 nm were surface-coated with chitosan (CS) for gastro-intestinal mucosa adhesion, wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) for colon targeting or GE11 peptide for tumor colon targeting. Spectrometric and zeta potential analyses confirmed the successful functionalization of the C-PLGA NPs. Real-time label-free assessment of the cell membrane-NP interactions and NP cell uptake were performed by quartz crystal microbalance coupled with supported lipid bilayers and by surface plasmon resonance coupled with living cells. The study showed that CS-coated C-PLGA NPs interact with cells by the electrostatic mechanism, while both WGA- and GE11-coated C-PLGA NPs interact and are taken up by cells by specific active mechanisms. In vitro cell uptake studies corroborated the real-time label-free assessment by yielding a curcumin cell uptake of 7.3 ± 0.3, 13.5 ± 1.0, 27.3 ± 4.9, and 26.0 ± 1.3 μg per 104 HT-29 cells for noncoated, CS-, WGA-, and GE11-coated C-PLGA NPs, respectively. Finally, preliminary in vivo studies showed that the WGA-coated C-PLGA NPs efficiently accumulate in the colon after oral administration to healthy Balb/c mice. In summary, the WGA- and GE11-coated C-PLGA NPs displayed high potential for application as active targeted carriers for anticancer drug delivery to the colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed
A. Akl
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Department
of Pharmaceutics and Ind. Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11884 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Alma Kartal-Hodzic
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Teemu Suutari
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo Oksanen
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Antonio Rosato
- Veneto
Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, 35128 Padua, Italy
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroentrology and Department of Pharmaceutical and
Pharmacological Sciences, University of
Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Hatem R. Ismael
- Department
of Pharmaceutics and Ind. Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11884 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohsen I. Afouna
- Department
of Pharmaceutics and Ind. Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11884 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Paolo Caliceti
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroentrology and Department of Pharmaceutical and
Pharmacological Sciences, University of
Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Marjo Yliperttula
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroentrology and Department of Pharmaceutical and
Pharmacological Sciences, University of
Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Ahmed M. Samy
- Department
of Pharmaceutics and Ind. Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11884 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Francesca Mastrotto
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroentrology and Department of Pharmaceutical and
Pharmacological Sciences, University of
Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Stefano Salmaso
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroentrology and Department of Pharmaceutical and
Pharmacological Sciences, University of
Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Tapani Viitala
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- E-mail: . Phone: +358504154529
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33
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Wijetunge SS, Wen J, Yeh CK, Sun Y. Wheat germ agglutinin liposomes with surface grafted cyclodextrins as bioadhesive dual-drug delivery nanocarriers to treat oral cells. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 185:110572. [PMID: 31654890 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Topical management of oral infection requires combined use of multiple classes of drugs and frequent dosing due to low drug retention rates. The sustained, co-delivery of drugs with different solubilities to cells using nanoparticle drug delivery systems remains a challenge. Here, we developed wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) conjugated liposomes with surface grafted cyclodextrin (WGA-liposome-CD) as bioadhesive dual-drug nanocarriers. We effectively encapsulated two physiochemically different drugs (ciprofloxacin and betamethasone) and demonstrated sustained co-drug release in saliva over a 24 h period in vitro. As proof of therapeutic utility in oral cells, we infected oral keratinocytes with Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, a bacterial pathogen responsible for chronic periodontal disease. Drug release, resulting from nanocarrier cell binding, produced a significant increase in oral cell survival and synergistically reduced inflammation. These results suggest that WGA-liposome-CD nanocarriers are novel cyto-adhesive candidates for delivering multiple drugs with sustained therapeutic activity for localized drug delivery to oral cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sashini S Wijetunge
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Lowell, 1 University Avenue, Lowell, MA 01854, United States
| | - Jianchuan Wen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Lowell, 1 University Avenue, Lowell, MA 01854, United States
| | - Chih-Ko Yeh
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio and Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Audie L. Murphy Division, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, 7400 Merton Minter Boulevard, San Antonio, TX 78229, United States
| | - Yuyu Sun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Lowell, 1 University Avenue, Lowell, MA 01854, United States.
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34
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Rukmangathen R, Yallamalli IM, Yalavarthi PR. Formulation and biopharmaceutical evaluation of risperidone-loaded chitosan nanoparticles for intranasal delivery. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2019; 45:1342-1350. [DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2019.1619759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajalakshmi Rukmangathen
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Sri Padmavati Mahila Visvavidyalayam (Women’s University), Tirupati, India
| | - Indira Muzib Yallamalli
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Sri Padmavati Mahila Visvavidyalayam (Women’s University), Tirupati, India
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35
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Cao SJ, Xu S, Wang HM, Ling Y, Dong J, Xia RD, Sun XH. Nanoparticles: Oral Delivery for Protein and Peptide Drugs. AAPS PharmSciTech 2019; 20:190. [PMID: 31111296 PMCID: PMC6527526 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-019-1325-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein and peptide drugs have many advantages, such as high bioactivity and specificity, strong solubility, and low toxicity. Therefore, the strategies for improving the bioavailability of protein peptides are reviewed, including chemical modification of nanocarriers, absorption enhancers, and mucous adhesion systems. The status, advantages, and disadvantages of various strategies are systematically analyzed. The systematic and personalized design of various factors affecting the release and absorption of drugs based on nanoparticles is pointed out. It is expected to design a protein peptide oral delivery system that can be applied in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Jun Cao
- Pharmacy College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Shuo Xu
- Stomatology College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Hui-Ming Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266555, China
| | - Yong Ling
- Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266555, China
| | - Jiahua Dong
- Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266555, China
| | - Rui-Dong Xia
- Pharmacy College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Xiang-Hong Sun
- Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266555, China.
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36
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Nguyen NB, Chen CH, Zhang Y, Zhao P, Wu BM, Ardehali R. Harnessing the versatility of PLGA nanoparticles for targeted Cre-mediated recombination. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2019; 19:106-114. [PMID: 31026512 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2019.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Ligand-dependent Cre recombinases are pivotal tools for the generation of inducible somatic mutants. This method enables spatial and temporal control of gene activity through tamoxifen administration, providing new avenues for studying gene function and establishing animal models of human diseases. While this paved the way for developmental studies previously deemed impractical, the generation of tissue-specific transgenic mouse lines can be time-consuming and costly. Herein, we design a 'smart', biocompatible, and biodegradable nanoparticle system encapsulated with tamoxifen that is actively targeted to specific cell types in vivo through surface conjugation of antibodies. We demonstrate that these nanoparticles bind to cells of interest and activate Cre recombinase, resulting in tissue-specific Cre activation. This system provides a versatile, yet powerful approach to induce recombination in a ubiquitious Cre system for various biomedical applications and sets the stage for a time- and cost-effective strategy of generating new transgenic mouse lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc B Nguyen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Physiology Graduate Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Cheng-Han Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yulong Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Peng Zhao
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Benjamin M Wu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Reza Ardehali
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Physiology Graduate Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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37
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Huckaby JT, Parker CL, Jacobs TM, Schaefer A, Wadsworth D, Nguyen A, Wang A, Newby J, Lai SK. Engineering Polymer-Binding Bispecific Antibodies for Enhanced Pretargeted Delivery of Nanoparticles to Mucus-Covered Epithelium. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:5604-5608. [PMID: 30811861 PMCID: PMC7259474 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201814665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Mucus represents a major barrier to sustained and targeted drug delivery to mucosal epithelium. Ideal drug carriers should not only rapidly diffuse across mucus, but also bind the epithelium. Unfortunately, ligand-conjugated particles often exhibit poor penetration across mucus. In this work, we explored a two-step "pretargeting" approach through engineering a bispecific antibody that binds both cell-surface ICAM-1 and polyethylene glycol (PEG) on the surface of nanoparticles, thereby effectively decoupling cell targeting from particle design and formulation. When tested in a mucus-coated Caco-2 culture model that mimics the physiological process of mucus clearance, pretargeting increased the amount of PEGylated particles binding to cells by around 2-fold or more compared to either non-targeted or actively targeted PEGylated particles. Pretargeting also markedly enhanced particle retention in mouse intestinal tissues. Our work underscores pretargeting as a promising strategy to improve the delivery of therapeutics to mucosal surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin T. Huckaby
- UNC/NCSU Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Christina L. Parker
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Tim M. Jacobs
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Alison Schaefer
- UNC/NCSU Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Daniel Wadsworth
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Alexander Nguyen
- UNC/NCSU Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Anting Wang
- UNC/NCSU Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Jay Newby
- Department of Mathematical & Statistical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G1, CA
| | - Samuel K. Lai
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- UNC/NCSU Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
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Zhang T, Qin XY, Cao X, Li WH, Gong T, Zhang ZR. Thymopentin-loaded phospholipid-based phase separation gel with long-lasting immunomodulatory effects: in vitro and in vivo studies. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2019; 40:514-521. [PMID: 30002492 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-018-0085-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Thymopentin (TP5) is an effective immunomodulatory agent for autoimmune disease that has been used clinically for decades. However, its application is greatly limited by its extremely short half-life in vivo, poor membrane permeability and extensive metabolism in gastrointestinal tract, resulting in repeated injection and poor patient compliance. In the present study, we developed a TP5-loaded, phospholipid-based phase separation gel (PPSG) to achieve sustained drug release profile and long-lasting therapeutic effects. We firstly demonstrated the physiochemical characteristics of PPSG before and after phase transition by examining the viscosity and morphology change caused by the phase transition. Moreover, the PPSG exerted a low cytotoxicity in L929 cells and HUVECs, suggesting the biocompatibility of PPSG. A month-long drug release profile of TP5 PPSG was observed both in vitro and in vivo, revealing its sustained and controlled drug release property. Most importantly, in cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressive rats, a single dose of TP5 PPSG (15 mg/kg, sc) injected could normalize their T-SOD levels and CD4+/CD8+ ratio; such an immunoregulatory effect was comparable to that produced by repeated injection of TP5 solution (0.6 mg/kg per day, sc) for 14 consecutive days. Thus, TP5 PPSG has a great potential for sustained delivery of TP5 in clinical use because of its simple manufacture process, good biocompatibility and long-lasting immunomodulatory efficacy, which could greatly improve patient compliance.
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Huckaby JT, Parker CL, Jacobs TM, Schaefer A, Wadsworth D, Nguyen A, Wang A, Newby J, Lai SK. Engineering Polymer‐Binding Bispecific Antibodies for Enhanced Pretargeted Delivery of Nanoparticles to Mucus‐Covered Epithelium. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201814665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Justin T. Huckaby
- UNC/NCSU Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC 27599 USA
| | - Christina L. Parker
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics Eshelman School of Pharmacy University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC 27599 USA
| | - Tim M. Jacobs
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics Eshelman School of Pharmacy University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC 27599 USA
| | - Alison Schaefer
- UNC/NCSU Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC 27599 USA
| | - Daniel Wadsworth
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics Eshelman School of Pharmacy University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC 27599 USA
| | - Alexander Nguyen
- UNC/NCSU Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC 27599 USA
| | - Anting Wang
- UNC/NCSU Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC 27599 USA
| | - Jay Newby
- Department of Mathematical & Statistical Sciences University of Alberta Edmonton AB T6G 2G1 Canada
| | - Samuel K. Lai
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics Eshelman School of Pharmacy University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC 27599 USA
- UNC/NCSU Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC 27599 USA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC 27599 USA
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Tzeyung AS, Md S, Bhattamisra SK, Madheswaran T, Alhakamy NA, Aldawsari HM, Radhakrishnan AK. Fabrication, Optimization, and Evaluation of Rotigotine-Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles for Nose-To-Brain Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E26. [PMID: 30634665 PMCID: PMC6359179 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11010026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to develop, optimize, and evaluate rotigotine-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (RNPs) for nose-to-brain delivery. Rotigotine-loaded chitosan nanoparticles were prepared by the ionic gelation method and optimized for various parameters such as the effect of chitosan, sodium tripolyphosphate, rotigotine concentration on particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency. The prepared nanoparticles were characterized using photon correlation spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The developed RNPs showed a small hydrodynamic particle size (75.37 ± 3.37 nm), small PDI (0.368 ± 0.02), satisfactory zeta potential (25.53 ± 0.45 mV), and very high entrapment efficiency (96.08 ± 0.01). The 24-h in vitro release and ex vivo nasal permeation of rotigotine from the nanoparticles were 49.45 ± 2.09% and 92.15 ± 4.74% while rotigotine solution showed corresponding values of 95.96 ± 1.79%and 58.22 ± 1.75%, respectively. The overall improvement ratio for flux and permeability coefficient were found to be 4.88 and 2.67 when compared with rotigotine solution. A histopathological study showed that the nanoparticulate formulation produced no toxicity or structural damage to nasal mucosa. Our results indicated that rotigotine-loaded chitosan nanoparticles provide an efficient carrier for nose-to-brain delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angeline Shak Tzeyung
- School of Postgraduate Studies, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia.
| | - Shadab Md
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia.
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Subrat Kumar Bhattamisra
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia.
| | - Thiagarajan Madheswaran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia.
| | - Nabil A Alhakamy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hibah M Aldawsari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ammu K Radhakrishnan
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia.
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Gu P, Liu Z, Sun Y, Ou N, Hu Y, Liu J, Wu Y, Wang D. Angelica sinensis polysaccharide encapsulated into PLGA nanoparticles as a vaccine delivery and adjuvant system for ovalbumin to promote immune responses. Int J Pharm 2018; 554:72-80. [PMID: 30399435 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs)-based vaccine delivery systems are widely used for their ability to control the release of antigens and promote immune responses against cancer or infectious diseases. In this study, the immunopotentiator Angelica sinensis polysaccharide (ASP) and model protein antigen ovalbumin (OVA) were encapsulated into Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) to formulate the novel NPs-based vaccine delivery system (ASP-PLGA/OVA). These formulations were subcutaneously administered to mice, then the magnitude and kinetics of antibody and cellular immune responses were assessed. The ASP-PLGA/OVA NPs were pherical in shape with smooth surfaces, approximately 225.2 nm in average size, negatively charged (around -11.27 mV), and the encapsulation efficiency of OVA at around 66.28%, respectively. Furthermore, ASP-PLGA/OVA NPs could keep stable at 4 °C over 30 days and provide a sustained and controlled release of OVA from the NPs. The results demonstrated that mice immunized with ASP-PLGA/OVA NPs could significantly enhance lymphocyte proliferation and improve the ratio of CD4+ to CD8+ T cells, thereby ASP-PLGA/OVA NPs could induce a strong cellular immune response. Moreover, the ASP-PLGA/OVA NPs could induce vigorous and long-term IgG immune responses with a mixed Th1 and Th2 responses and up-regulate the levels of Th-associated cytokines. These results suggested that ASP-PLGA/OVA NPs, which stimulated strong and continuous antibody responses and induced cellular immune responses, could potentially serve as an efficient and safe vaccine delivery and adjuvant system against infections and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Gu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Zhenguang Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Yaqin Sun
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Ning Ou
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Yuanliang Hu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Jiaguo Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Yi Wu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Deyun Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
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Wijetunge SS, Wen J, Yeh CK, Sun Y. Lectin-Conjugated Liposomes as Biocompatible, Bioadhesive Drug Carriers for the Management of Oral Ulcerative Lesions. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2018; 1:1487-1495. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.8b00425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sashini S. Wijetunge
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Lowell, 1 University Avenue, Lowell, Massachusetts 01854, United States of America
| | - Jianchuan Wen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Lowell, 1 University Avenue, Lowell, Massachusetts 01854, United States of America
| | - Chih-Ko Yeh
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio and Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Audie L. Murphy Division, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, 7400 Merton Minter Boulevard, San Antonio, Texas 78229, United States of America
| | - Yuyu Sun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Lowell, 1 University Avenue, Lowell, Massachusetts 01854, United States of America
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Development of Vaccine Prototype Against Zika Virus Disease of Peptide-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles and Evaluation of Cytotoxicity. Int J Pept Res Ther 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-018-9753-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Raj PM, Raj R, Kaul A, Mishra AK, Ram A. Biodistribution and targeting potential assessment of mucoadhesive chitosan nanoparticles designed for ulcerative colitis via scintigraphy. RSC Adv 2018; 8:20809-20821. [PMID: 35542340 PMCID: PMC9080856 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra01898g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present investigation we have prepared and characterized curcumin (CN)-containing chitosan nanoparticles (CS-NPs) coated with Eudragit FS 30D for colon-specific drug delivery for treatment of ulcerative colitis. METHODS CS-NPs were prepared by ionic gelation using tripolyphosphate. To specify pH sensitive delivery, CS-CN-NPs were coated with Eudragit FS 30D by using a solvent evaporation method. Different process parameters were evaluated, and the optimized formulation was characterized by particle size, size distribution, zeta potential and encapsulation efficiency before lyophilization. The lyophilized product was further subjected to Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and particle morphology and in vitro drug release in different media were studied. RESULTS the kinetics of in vitro drug release from the CS-CN-NPs revealed sustained release behaviour of the developed carriers. In vivo biodistribution study by gamma-scintigraphy showed good accumulation of the developed nanocarriers in the colonic region. CONCLUSION sustained and pH stimulated delivery of CN to the colon was successfully attained via coating of CS-NPs with Eudragit FS 30D to circumvent poor absorption and availability of CN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Mongia Raj
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya Bilaspur C.G. 495009 India +917752-260027
| | - Rakesh Raj
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya Bilaspur C.G. 495009 India +917752-260027
| | - Ankur Kaul
- Division of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS) New Delhi 110054 India
| | - Anil K Mishra
- Division of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS) New Delhi 110054 India
| | - Alpana Ram
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya Bilaspur C.G. 495009 India +917752-260027
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Peng K, Wu C, Wei G, Jiang J, Zhang Z, Sun X. Implantable sandwich PHBHHx film for burst-free controlled delivery of thymopentin peptide. Acta Pharm Sin B 2018; 8:432-439. [PMID: 29881682 PMCID: PMC5990338 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Sustained release and non-parental formulations of peptides and protein drugs are highly desirable because of enhanced therapeutic effects as well as improved patient compliance. This is especially true for small peptides such as thymopentin (TP5). To this end, implantable sandwich poly (hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBHHx) films were designed to prolong release time and to inhibit burst release phenomenon of TP5 by a simple volatilization method. In vitro release studies revealed that sandwich films had nearly no burst release. In vivo release time of sandwich films was prolonged to 42 days. Pharmacodynamic evaluation demonstrated that TP5 sandwich films significantly increased survival rates in a rat immunosuppressive model and normalized CD4+/CD8+ values. These results suggest that TP5 released from sandwich films can attenuate cyclophosphamide's immunosuppressive activity, and possibly achieve results comparable to daily TP5 injection therapy. Thus, sandwich PHBHHx films show excellent potential as a sustained, burst-free release system for small molecular weight, hydrophilic peptide drugs.
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Polysaccharides of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers: Optimization on conditions by RSM and immunological activity in vitro. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Meng Q, Wang A, Hua H, Jiang Y, Wang Y, Mu H, Wu Z, Sun K. Intranasal delivery of Huperzine A to the brain using lactoferrin-conjugated N-trimethylated chitosan surface-modified PLGA nanoparticles for treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:705-718. [PMID: 29440896 PMCID: PMC5798568 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s151474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Safe and effective delivery of therapeutic drugs to the brain is important for successful therapy of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Purpose To develop Huperzine A (HupA)-loaded, mucoadhesive and targeted polylactide-co-glycoside (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) with surface modification by lactoferrin (Lf)-conjugated N-trimethylated chitosan (TMC) (HupA Lf-TMC NPs) for efficient intranasal delivery of HupA to the brain for AD treatment. Methods HupA Lf-TMC NPs were prepared using the emulsion–solvent evaporation method and optimized using the Box–Behnken design. The particle size, zeta potential, drug entrapment efficiency, adhesion and in vitro release behavior were investigated. The cellular uptake was investigated by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. MTT assay was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the NPs. In vivo imaging system was used to investigate brain targeting effect of NPs after intranasal administration. The biodistribution of Hup-A NPs after intranasal administration was determined by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Results Optimized HupA Lf-TMC NPs had a particle size of 153.2±13.7 nm, polydispersity index of 0.229±0.078, zeta potential of +35.6±5.2 mV, drug entrapment efficiency of 73.8%±5.7%, and sustained release in vitro over a 48 h period. Adsorption of mucin onto Lf-TMC NPs was 86.9%±1.8%, which was significantly higher than that onto PLGA NPs (32.1%±2.5%). HupA Lf-TMC NPs showed lower toxicity in the 16HBE cell line compared with HupA solution. Qualitative and quantitative cellular uptake experiments indicated that accumulation of Lf-TMC NPs was higher than nontargeted analogs in 16HBE and SH-SY5Y cells. In vivo imaging results showed that Lf-TMC NPs exhibited a higher fluorescence intensity in the brain and a longer residence time than nontargeted NPs. After intranasal administration, Lf-TMC NPs facilitated the distribution of HupA in the brain, and the values of the drug targeting index in the mouse olfactory bulb, cerebrum (with hippocampus removal), cerebellum, and hippocampus were about 2.0, 1.6, 1.9, and 1.9, respectively. Conclusion Lf-TMC NPs have good sustained-release effect, adhesion and targeting ability, and have a broad application prospect as a nasal drug delivery carrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Meng
- School of Pharmacy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, People's Republic of China
| | - Aiping Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Long-Acting and Targeting Drug Delivery System, Shandong Luye Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Yantai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongchen Hua
- School of Pharmacy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiyun Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongjie Mu
- School of Pharmacy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zimei Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaoxiang Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, People's Republic of China
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Optimization of angelica sinensis polysaccharide-loaded Poly (lactic-co-glycolicacid) nanoparticles by RSM and its immunological activity in vitro. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 107:222-229. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.08.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Huckaby JT, Lai SK. PEGylation for enhancing nanoparticle diffusion in mucus. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018; 124:125-139. [PMID: 28882703 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 242] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The viscoelastic mucus secretions coating exposed organs such as the lung airways and the female reproductive tract can trap and quickly eliminate not only foreign pathogens and ultrafine particles but also particle-based drug delivery systems, thus limiting sustained and targeted drug delivery at mucosal surfaces. To improve particle distribution across the mucosa and enhance delivery to the underlying epithelium, many investigators have sought to develop nanoparticles capable of readily traversing mucus. The first synthetic nanoparticles shown capable of rapidly penetrating physiological mucus secretions utilized a dense coating of polyethylene glycol (PEG) covalently grafted onto the surface of preformed polymeric nanoparticles. In the decade since, PEG has become the gold standard in engineering mucus-penetrating drug carriers for sustained and targeted drug delivery to the lungs, gastrointestinal tract, eyes, and female reproductive tract. This review summarizes the history of the development of various PEG-based mucus-penetrating particles, and highlights the key physicochemical properties of PEG coatings and PEGylation strategies to achieve muco-inert PEG coatings on nanoparticle drug carriers for improved drug and gene delivery at mucosal surfaces.
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Novel strategy for immunomodulation: Dissolving microneedle array encapsulating thymopentin fabricated by modified two-step molding technology. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2017; 122:104-112. [PMID: 29042238 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2017.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Thymopentin (TP5) is commonly used in the treatment for autoimmune diseases, with a short plasma half-life (30s) and a long treatment period (7 days to 6 months). It is usually administrated by syringe injection, resulting in compromised patient compliance. Dissolving microneedle array (DMNA) offers a superior approach for transdermal delivery of biological macromolecules, as it allows painless penetration through the stratum corneum and generates minimal biohazardous waste after dissolving in the skin. Despite recent advances in DMNA as a novel approach for transdermal drug delivery, problem of insufficient mechanical strength remains to be solved. In this study, TP5-loaded DMNA (TP5-DMNA) was uniquely developed using a modified two-step molding technology. The higher mechanical strength was furnished by employing bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a co-material to fabricate the needles. The obtained TP5-DMNA containing BSA displayed better skin penetration and higher drug loading efficiency than that without BSA. The in vivo pharmacodynamics study demonstrated that TP5-DMNA had comparative effect on immunomodulation to intravenous injection of TP5, in terms of ameliorating the CD4+/CD8+ ratio, SOD activity and MDA value to the basal level. Only mild irritation was observed at the site of administration. These results suggest that the novel TP5-DMNA utilizing BSA provides an alternative approach for convenient and safe transdermal delivery of TP5, which is a promising administration strategy for future clinical application.
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