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Sabljo K, Ischyropoulou M, Napp J, Alves F, Feldmann C. High-load nanoparticles with a chemotherapeutic SN-38/FdUMP drug cocktail. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:14853-14860. [PMID: 39034735 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr01403k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
[Gd(OH)]2+[(SN-38)0.5(FdUMP)0.5]2- inorganic-organic hybrid nanoparticles (IOH-NPs) with a chemotherapeutic cocktail of ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN-38, active form of irinotecan) and 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-phosphate (FdUMP, active form of 5'-fluoruracil), 40 nm in size, are prepared in water. The IOH-NPs contain a total drug load of 63 wt% with 33 wt% of SN-38 and 30 wt% of FdUMP. Cell-based assays show efficient cellular uptake and promising anti-tumour activity on two pancreatic cancer cell lines of murine origin (KPC, Panc02). Beside the high-load drug cocktail, especially the option to use SN-38, which - although 100- to 1000-times more potent than irinotecan - is usually unsuitable for systemic administration due to poor solubility, low stability, and high toxicity upon non-selective delivery. The [Gd(OH)]2+[(SN-38)0.5(FdUMP)0.5]2- IOH-NPs are a new concept to deliver a drug cocktail with SN-38 and FdUMP directly to the tumour, shielded in a nanoparticle, to reduce side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Sabljo
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Engesserstrasse 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Myrto Ischyropoulou
- University Medical Center Goettingen (UMG), Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Robert Koch Str. 40, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Joanna Napp
- University Medical Center Goettingen (UMG), Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Robert Koch Str. 40, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Frauke Alves
- University Medical Center Goettingen (UMG), Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Robert Koch Str. 40, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Translational Molecular Imaging, Hermann-Rein-Strasse 3, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
- University Medical Center Goettingen (UMG), Clinic for Haematology and Medical Oncology, Robert Koch Str. 40, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Claus Feldmann
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Engesserstrasse 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
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2
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Diaz Varela JY, Burciaga Jurado LG, Olivas Armendáriz I, Martínez Pérez CA, Chapa González C. The role of multi-walled carbon nanotubes in enhancing the hydrolysis and thermal stability of PLA. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8405. [PMID: 38600178 PMCID: PMC11006862 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58755-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Polylactic acid (PLA) is a bioresorbable and biodegradable polymer extensively used in various biomedical and engineering applications. In this study, we investigated the mass loss and thermal properties of PLA-multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) composites under simulated physiological conditions. The composites were prepared by melting PLA with 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, and 5.0 wt% MWCNTs using an ultrasonic agitator, and FTIR analysis confirmed composite formation. Subsequently, the composites were subjected to hydrolysis under simulated physiological conditions (pH 7.4 and 37 °C) for up to 60 days. The results revealed that the mass loss of the composites decreased with increasing MWCNT content, suggesting that the presence of MWCNTs decelerated the hydrolysis process. On day 58, the mass loss of pure PLA was 12.5%, decreasing to 8.34% with 0.1% MWCNT, 5.94% with 0.5% MWCNT, 4.59% with 1% MWCNT, and 3.54% with 5.0% MWCNT. This study offers valuable insights into the behavior of PLA-MWCNT composites under physiologically simulated conditions, facilitating the development of new polymer composites with enhanced thermal stability and degradation resistance for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Yareli Diaz Varela
- Ingenieria Biomédica, Instituto de Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, 32310, Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico
- Grupo de Nanomedicina, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, 32310, Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico
| | - Lucero Guadalupe Burciaga Jurado
- Ingenieria Biomédica, Instituto de Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, 32310, Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico
| | - Imelda Olivas Armendáriz
- Departamento de Física y Matemáticas, Instituto de Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, 32310, Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico
| | - Carlos Alberto Martínez Pérez
- Departamento de Física y Matemáticas, Instituto de Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, 32310, Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico
| | - Christian Chapa González
- Ingenieria Biomédica, Instituto de Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, 32310, Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico.
- Grupo de Nanomedicina, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, 32310, Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico.
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Mathew J, Ru-Hung, Le TN, Pham HP, Kumar P, Lee CK, Shunmugam R, Rao NV. ROS-responsive camptothecin-linked thioketal drug delivery system based on ring-closing polymerization. Eur Polym J 2024; 202:112646. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2023.112646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
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Ebrahimi N, Manavi MS, Nazari A, Momayezi A, Faghihkhorasani F, Rasool Riyadh Abdulwahid AH, Rezaei-Tazangi F, Kavei M, Rezaei R, Mobarak H, Aref AR, Fang W. Nano-scale delivery systems for siRNA delivery in cancer therapy: New era of gene therapy empowered by nanotechnology. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 239:117263. [PMID: 37797672 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) is a unique treatment approach used to decrease a disease's excessive gene expression, including cancer. SiRNAs may find and destroy homologous mRNA sequences within the cell thanks to RNAi processes. However, difficulties such poor cellular uptake, off-target effects, and susceptibility to destruction by serum nucleases in the bloodstream restrict the therapeutic potential of siRNAs. Since some years ago, siRNA-based therapies have been in the process of being translated into the clinic. Therefore, the primary emphasis of this work is on sophisticated nanocarriers that aid in the transport of siRNA payloads, their administration in combination with anticancer medications, and their use in the treatment of cancer. The research looks into molecular manifestations, difficulties with siRNA transport, the design and development of siRNA-based delivery methods, and the benefits and drawbacks of various nanocarriers. The trapping of siRNA in endosomes is a challenge for the majority of delivery methods, which affects the therapeutic effectiveness. Numerous techniques for siRNA release, including as pH-responsive release, membrane fusion, the proton sponge effect, and photochemical disruption, have been studied to overcome this problem. The present state of siRNA treatments in clinical trials is also looked at in order to give a thorough and systematic evaluation of siRNA-based medicines for efficient cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Ebrahimi
- Genetics Division, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Ahmad Nazari
- Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirali Momayezi
- School of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science, and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Fatemeh Rezaei-Tazangi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Science, Fasa, Iran
| | - Mohammed Kavei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Arak University, Arak, Iran
| | - Roya Rezaei
- Department of Microbiology, College of Science, Agriculture and Modern Technology, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Halimeh Mobarak
- Clinical Pathologist, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Reza Aref
- Xsphera Biosciences, Translational Medicine Group, 6 Tide Street, Boston, MA, 02210, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Wei Fang
- Department of Laser and Aesthetic Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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5
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Ashwani PV, Gopika G, Arun Krishna KV, Jose J, John F, George J. Stimuli-Responsive and Multifunctional Nanogels in Drug Delivery. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202301009. [PMID: 37718283 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Nanogels represent promising drug delivery systems in the biomedical field, designed to overcome challenges associated with standard treatment approaches. Stimuli-responsive nanogels, often referred to as intelligent materials, have garnered significant attention for their potential to enhance control over properties such as drug release and targeting. Furthermore, researchers have recently explored the application of nanogels in diverse sectors beyond biomedicine including sensing materials, catalysts, or adsorbents for environmental applications. However, to fully harness their potential as practical delivery systems, further research is required to better understand their pharmacokinetic behaviour, interactions between nanogels and bio distributions, as well as toxicities. One promising future application of stimuli-responsive multifunctional nanogels is their use as delivery agents in cancer treatment, offering an alternative to overcome the challenges with conventional approaches. This review discusses various synthetic methods employed in developing nanogels as efficient carriers for drug delivery in cancer treatment. The investigations explore, the key aspects of nanogels, including their multifunctionality and stimuli-responsive properties, as well as associated toxicity concerns. The discussions presented herein aim to provide the readers a comprehensive understanding of the potential of nanogels as smart drug delivery systems in the context of cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- P V Ashwani
- Bio-organic Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Sacred Heart College, Kochi, 682013, India
| | - G Gopika
- Bio-organic Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Sacred Heart College, Kochi, 682013, India
| | - K V Arun Krishna
- Bio-organic Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Sacred Heart College, Kochi, 682013, India
| | - Josena Jose
- Bio-organic Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Sacred Heart College, Kochi, 682013, India
| | - Franklin John
- Bio-organic Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Sacred Heart College, Kochi, 682013, India
| | - Jinu George
- Bio-organic Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Sacred Heart College, Kochi, 682013, India
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6
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Duan H, Li L, He S. Advances and Prospects in the Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:3973-3988. [PMID: 37489138 PMCID: PMC10363367 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s413496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a highly malignant and incurable disease, characterized by its aggressive nature and high fatality rate. The most common type is pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), which has poor prognosis and high mortality rate. Current treatments for pancreatic cancer mainly encompass surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, and combination regimens. However, despite efforts to improve prognosis, and the 5-year survival rate for pancreatic cancer remains very low. Therefore, it's urgent to explore novel therapeutic approaches. With the rapid development of therapeutic strategies in recent years, new ideas have been provided for treating pancreatic cancer. This review expositions the advancements in nano drug delivery system, molecular targeted drugs, and photo-thermal treatment combined with nanotechnology for pancreatic cancer. It comprehensively analyzes the prospects of combined drug delivery strategies for treating pancreatic cancer, aiming at a deeper understanding of the existing drugs and therapeutic approaches, promoting the development of new therapeutic drugs, and attempting to enhance the therapeutic effect for patients with this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaiyu Duan
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Oncology, Hefei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiming He
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
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Gosecki M, Ziemczonek P, Gosecka M, Urbaniak M, Wielgus E, Marcinkowska M, Janaszewska A, Klajnert-Maculewicz B. Cross-linkable star-hyperbranched unimolecular micelles for the enhancement of the anticancer activity of clotrimazole. J Mater Chem B 2023. [PMID: 36877094 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb02629e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Clotrimazole, a hydrophobic drug routinely used in the treatment of vaginal candidiasis, also shows antitumor activity. However, its use in chemotherapy has been unsuccessful to date due to its low solubility in aqueous media. In this work, new unimolecular micelles based on polyether star-hyperbranched carriers of clotrimazole are presented that can enhance solubility, and consequently the bioavailability, of clotrimazole in water. The amphiphilic constructs consisting of a hydrophobic poly(n-alkyl epoxide) core and hydrophilic corona of hyperbranched polyglycidol were synthesized in a three-step anionic ring-opening polymerization of epoxy monomers. The synthesis of such copolymers, however, was only possible by incorporating a linker to facilitate the elongation of the hydrophobic core with glycidol. Unimolecular micelles-clotrimazole formulations displayed significantly increased activity against human cervical cancer HeLa cells compared to the free drug, along with a weak effect on the viability of the normal dermal microvascular endothelium cells HMEC1. This selective activity of clotrimazole on cancer cells with little effect on normal cells was a result of the fact that clotrimazole targets the Warburg effect in cancer cells. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that the encapsulated clotrimazole significantly blocks the progression of the HeLa cycle in the G0/G1 phase and induces apoptosis. In addition, the ability of the synthesized amphiphilic constructs to form a dynamic hydrogel was demonstrated. Such a gel facilitates the delivery of drug-loaded single-molecule micelles to the affected area, where they can form a continuous, self-healing layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Gosecki
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Piotr Ziemczonek
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Monika Gosecka
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Malgorzata Urbaniak
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Ewelina Wielgus
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Monika Marcinkowska
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 141/143 Pomorska Street, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Anna Janaszewska
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 141/143 Pomorska Street, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Barbara Klajnert-Maculewicz
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 141/143 Pomorska Street, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
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8
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Changeable net charge on nanoparticles facilitates intratumor accumulation and penetration. J Control Release 2022; 346:392-404. [PMID: 35461967 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The Enhanced Permeability and Retention (EPR) effect is a golden strategy for the nanoparticle (NP)-based targeting of solid tumors, and the surface property of NPs might be a determinant on their targeting efficiency. Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) is commonly used as a shell material; however, it has been pointed out that PEG-coated NPs may exhibit accumulation near tumor vasculature rather than having homogenous intratumor distribution. The PEG shell plays a pivotal role on prolonged blood circulation of NPs but potentially impairs the intratumor retention of NPs. In this study, we report on a shell material to enhance tumor-targeted delivery of NPs by maximizing the EPR effect: polyzwitterion based on ethylenediamine-based carboxybetaine [PGlu(DET-Car)], which shows the changeable net charge responding to surrounding pH. The net charge of PGlu(DET-Car), is neutral at physiological pH 7.4, allowing it to exhibit a stealth property during the blood circulation; however, it becomes cationic for tissue-interactive performance under tumorous acidic conditions owing to the stepwise protonation behavior of ethylenediamine. Indeed, the PGlu(DET-Car)-coated NPs (i.e., gold NPs in the present study) exhibited prolonged blood circulation and remarkably enhanced tumor accumulation and retention than PEG-coated NPs, achieving 32.1% of injected dose/g of tissue, which was 4.2 times larger relative to PEG-coated NPs. Interestingly, a considerable portion of PGlu(DET-Car)-coated NPs clearly penetrated into deeper tumor sites and realized the effective accumulation in hypoxic regions, probably because the cationic net charge of PGlu(DET-Car) is augmented in more acidic hypoxic regions. This study suggests that the changeable net charge on the NP surface in response to tumorous acidic conditions is a promising strategy for tumor-targeted delivery based on the EPR effect.
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Du Y, Liu D, Du Y. Recent advances in hepatocellular carcinoma therapeutic strategies and imaging-guided treatment. J Drug Target 2021; 30:287-301. [PMID: 34727794 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2021.1999963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant cancer in the world, which greatly threatens human health. However, the routine treatment strategies for HCC have failed to specifically eradicate the tumorigenic cells, leading to the occurrence of metastasis and recurrence. To improve treatment efficacies, the development of novel effective technologies is urgently required. Recently, nanotechnologies have gained the extensive attention in cancer targeted therapy, which could provide a promising way for HCC clinical practice. However, a successful cancer management depends on accurate diagnosis of the tumour along with precise therapeutic protocol, thereby predicting the tumour response to existing therapies. The synergistic effect of targeted therapeutic systems and imaging approaches (also called 'imaging-guided cancer treatment') may establish a more effective platform for individual cancer care. This review outlines the recent advanced nano-targeted and -traceable therapeutic strategies for HCC management. The multifunctional nano agents that have both diagnosis and therapy abilities are highlighted. Finally, we conclude with our perspectives on the future development and challenges of HCC nanotheranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Du
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Di Liu
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongzhong Du
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Maraveas C, Bayer IS, Bartzanas T. Recent Advances in Antioxidant Polymers: From Sustainable and Natural Monomers to Synthesis and Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13152465. [PMID: 34372069 PMCID: PMC8347842 DOI: 10.3390/polym13152465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in technology have led to the production of sustainable antioxidants and natural monomers for food packaging and targeted drug delivery applications. Of particular importance is the synthesis of lignin polymers, and graft polymers, dopamine, and polydopamine, inulin, quercetin, limonene, and vitamins, due to their free radical scavenging ability, chemical potency, ideal functional groups for polymerization, abundance in the natural environment, ease of production, and activation of biological mechanisms such as the inhibition of the cellular activation of various signaling pathways, including NF-κB and MAPK. The radical oxygen species are responsible for oxidative damage and increased susceptibility to cancer, cardiovascular, degenerative musculoskeletal, and neurodegenerative conditions and diabetes; such biological mechanisms are inhibited by both synthetic and naturally occurring antioxidants. The orientation of macromolecules in the presence of the plasticizing agent increases the suitability of quercetin in food packaging, while the commercial viability of terpenes in the replacement of existing non-renewable polymers is reinforced by the recyclability of the precursors (thyme, cannabis, and lemon, orange, mandarin) and marginal ecological effect and antioxidant properties. Emerging antioxidant nanoparticle polymers have a broad range of applications in tumor-targeted drug delivery, food fortification, biodegradation of synthetic polymers, and antimicrobial treatment and corrosion inhibition. The aim of the review is to present state-of-the-art polymers with intrinsic antioxidant properties, including synthesis scavenging activity, potential applications, and future directions. This review is distinct from other works given that it integrates different advances in antioxidant polymer synthesis and applications such as inulin, quercetin polymers, their conjugates, antioxidant-graft-polysaccharides, and polymerization vitamins and essential oils. One of the most comprehensive reviews of antioxidant polymers was published by Cirillo and Iemma in 2012. Since then, significant progress has been made in improving the synthesis, techniques, properties, and applications. The review builds upon existing research by presenting new findings that were excluded from previous reviews.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrysanthos Maraveas
- Department of Natural Resources and Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece;
- Correspondence: (C.M.); (I.S.B.)
| | - Ilker S. Bayer
- Smart Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Correspondence: (C.M.); (I.S.B.)
| | - Thomas Bartzanas
- Department of Natural Resources and Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece;
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Mauri E, Giannitelli SM, Trombetta M, Rainer A. Synthesis of Nanogels: Current Trends and Future Outlook. Gels 2021; 7:36. [PMID: 33805279 PMCID: PMC8103252 DOI: 10.3390/gels7020036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanogels represent an innovative platform for tunable drug release and targeted therapy in several biomedical applications, ranging from cancer to neurological disorders. The design of these nanocarriers is a pivotal topic investigated by the researchers over the years, with the aim to optimize the procedures and provide advanced nanomaterials. Chemical reactions, physical interactions and the developments of engineered devices are the three main areas explored to overcome the shortcomings of the traditional nanofabrication approaches. This review proposes a focus on the current techniques used in nanogel design, highlighting the upgrades in physico-chemical methodologies, microfluidics and 3D printing. Polymers and biomolecules can be combined to produce ad hoc nanonetworks according to the final curative aims, preserving the criteria of biocompatibility and biodegradability. Controlled polymerization, interfacial reactions, sol-gel transition, manipulation of the fluids at the nanoscale, lab-on-a-chip technology and 3D printing are the leading strategies to lean on in the next future and offer new solutions to the critical healthcare scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Mauri
- Department of Engineering, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, via Álvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Rome, Italy; (E.M.); (S.M.G.); (M.T.)
| | - Sara Maria Giannitelli
- Department of Engineering, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, via Álvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Rome, Italy; (E.M.); (S.M.G.); (M.T.)
| | - Marcella Trombetta
- Department of Engineering, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, via Álvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Rome, Italy; (E.M.); (S.M.G.); (M.T.)
| | - Alberto Rainer
- Department of Engineering, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, via Álvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Rome, Italy; (E.M.); (S.M.G.); (M.T.)
- Institute of Nanotechnology (NANOTEC), National Research Council, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
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Elter JK, Quader S, Eichhorn J, Gottschaldt M, Kataoka K, Schacher FH. Core-Cross-linked Fluorescent Worm-Like Micelles for Glucose-Mediated Drug Delivery. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:1458-1471. [PMID: 33555175 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We herein report the fabrication of core-crosslinked, fluorescent, and surface-functionalized worm-like block copolymer micelles as drug delivery vehicles. The polyether-based diblock terpolymer [allyl-poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(2-ethylhexyl glycidyl ether-co-furfuryl glycidyl ether)] was synthesized via anionic ring opening polymerization, and self-assembly in water as a selective solvent led to the formation of long filomicelles. Subsequent cross-linking was realized using hydrophobic bismaleimides as well as a designed fluorescent cross-linker for thermally induced Diels-Alder reactions with the furfuryl units incorporated in the hydrophobic block of the diblock terpolymer. As a fluorescent cross-linker, we synthesized and incorporated a cyanine 5-based bismaleimide in the cross-linking process, which can be used for fluorescence tracking of the particles. Furthermore, we covalently attached glucose to the allyl end groups present on the surface of the micelles to investigate active glucose-mediated transport into suitable cell lines. First studies in 2D as well as 3D cell culture models suggest a glucose-dependent uptake of the particles into cells despite their unusually large size compared to other nanoparticle systems used in drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna K Elter
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, Jena D-07743, Germany.,Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, Jena D-07743, Germany
| | - Sabina Quader
- Innovation Center of Nanomedicine (iCONM), Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, 3-25-14 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-0821, Japan
| | - Jonas Eichhorn
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, Jena D-07743, Germany.,Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, Jena D-07743, Germany
| | - Michael Gottschaldt
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, Jena D-07743, Germany.,Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, Jena D-07743, Germany
| | - Kazunori Kataoka
- Innovation Center of Nanomedicine (iCONM), Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, 3-25-14 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-0821, Japan.,Institute for Future Initiatives, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Felix H Schacher
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, Jena D-07743, Germany.,Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, Jena D-07743, Germany
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Gong F, Wang R, Zhu Z, Duan J, Teng X, Cui ZK. Drug-interactive mPEG- b-PLA-Phe(Boc) micelles enhance the tolerance and anti-tumor efficacy of docetaxel. Drug Deliv 2020; 27:238-247. [PMID: 32003299 PMCID: PMC7034090 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2020.1718245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Docetaxel (DTX) is one of the most promising chemotherapeutic agents for a variety of solid tumors. However, the clinical efficacy of the marketed formulation, Taxotere®, is limited due to its poor aqueous solubility, side effects caused by the emulsifier, and low selective DTX distribution in vivo. Here a facile, well-defined, and easy-to-scale up DTX-loaded N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-L-phenylalanine end-capped methoxy-poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(D,L-lactide) (mPEG-b-PLA-Phe(Boc)) micelles (DTX-PMs) were prepared in an effort to develop a less toxic and more efficacious docetaxel formulation. The physicochemical properties, pharmacokinetics, biodistribution, and in vivo anti-tumor efficacy were evaluated in comparison to the marketed DTX formulation Taxotere®. DTX was successfully encapsulated in the hydrophobic micellar core with a high encapsulation efficiency (> 95%) and a high drug loading capacity (4.81 ± 0.08%). DTX-PMs exhibited outstanding stability in the aqueous environment due to the strong interactions between the terminal amino acid residues and docetaxel. The pharmacokinetic study in Sprague–Dawley rats revealed higher DTX concentrations in both whole blood and plasma for the group treated with DTX-PMs than that treated with Taxotere® due to the improved stability of the micellar formulation. In human non-small cell lung cancer (A549) tumor-bearing Balb/c nude mice, DTX-PMs significantly improved DTX accumulation and stalled DTX elimination in tumors than in bone marrow. Furthermore, only by half of the DTX dosage, our DTX/mPEG-b-PLA-Phe(Boc) micelles can achieve similar therapeutic effects as Taxotere®. Altogether, DTX-PMs hold great promise as a simple and effective drug delivery system for cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feirong Gong
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Rongrong Wang
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengquan Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayao Duan
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Teng
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhong-Kai Cui
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
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14
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Liu GW, Pippin JW, Eng DG, Lv S, Shankland SJ, Pun SH. Nanoparticles exhibit greater accumulation in kidney glomeruli during experimental glomerular kidney disease. Physiol Rep 2020; 8:e14545. [PMID: 32786069 PMCID: PMC7422806 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss and dysfunction of glomerular podocytes result in increased macromolecule permeability through the glomerular filtration barrier and nephrotic syndrome. Current therapies can induce and maintain disease remission, but cause serious and chronic complications. Nanoparticle drug carriers could mitigate these side effects by delivering drugs to the kidneys more efficiently than free drug through tailoring of carrier properties. An important extrinsic factor of nanoparticle biodistribution is local pathophysiology, which may drive greater nanoparticle deposition in certain tissues. Here, we hypothesized that a "leakier" filtration barrier during glomerular kidney disease would increase nanoparticle distribution into the kidneys. We examined the effect of nanoparticle size and disease state on kidney accumulation in male BALB/c mice. The effect of size was tested using a panel of fluorescent polystyrene nanoparticles of size 20-200 nm, due to the relevance of this size range for drug delivery applications.Experimental focal segmental glomerulosclerosis was induced using an anti-podocyte antibody that causes abrupt podocyte depletion. Nanoparticles were modified with carboxymethyl-terminated poly(ethylene glycol) for stability and biocompatibility. After intravenous injection, fluorescence from nanoparticles of size 20 and 100 nm, but not 200 nm, was observed in kidney glomeruli and peritubular capillaries. During conditions of experimental focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, the number of fluorescent nanoparticle punctae in kidney glomeruli increased by 1.9-fold for 20 and 100 nm nanoparticles compared to normal conditions. These findings underscore the importance of understanding and leveraging kidney pathophysiology in engineering new, targeted drug carriers that accumulate more in diseased glomeruli to treat glomerular kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary W. Liu
- Department of Bioengineering and Molecular Engineering & Sciences InstituteUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
| | - Jeffrey W. Pippin
- Department of MedicineDivision of NephrologyUniversity of Washington School of MedicineSeattleWAUSA
| | - Diana G. Eng
- Department of MedicineDivision of NephrologyUniversity of Washington School of MedicineSeattleWAUSA
| | - Shixian Lv
- Department of Bioengineering and Molecular Engineering & Sciences InstituteUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
| | - Stuart J. Shankland
- Department of Bioengineering and Molecular Engineering & Sciences InstituteUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
| | - Suzie H. Pun
- Department of Bioengineering and Molecular Engineering & Sciences InstituteUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
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15
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Kopeček J, Yang J. Polymer nanomedicines. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 156:40-64. [PMID: 32735811 PMCID: PMC7736172 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Polymer nanomedicines (macromolecular therapeutics, polymer-drug conjugates, drug-free macromolecular therapeutics) are a group of biologically active compounds that are characterized by their large molecular weight. This review focuses on bioconjugates of water-soluble macromolecules with low molecular weight drugs and selected proteins. After analyzing the design principles, different structures of polymer carriers are discussed followed by the examination of the efficacy of the conjugates in animal models and challenges for their translation into the clinic. Two innovative directions in macromolecular therapeutics that depend on receptor crosslinking are highlighted: a) Combination chemotherapy of backbone degradable polymer-drug conjugates with immune checkpoint blockade by multivalent polymer peptide antagonists; and b) Drug-free macromolecular therapeutics, a new paradigm in drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jindřich Kopeček
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
| | - Jiyuan Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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16
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Forero Ramirez LM, Boudier A, Gaucher C, Babin J, Durand A, Six JL, Nouvel C. Dextran-covered pH-sensitive oily core nanocapsules produced by interfacial Reversible Addition-Fragmentation chain transfer miniemulsion polymerization. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 569:57-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.02.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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17
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Lv S, Kim H, Song Z, Feng L, Yang Y, Baumgartner R, Tseng KY, Dillon SJ, Leal C, Yin L, Cheng J. Unimolecular Polypeptide Micelles via Ultrafast Polymerization of N-Carboxyanhydrides. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:8570-8574. [PMID: 32196323 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c01173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Polypeptide micelles are widely used as biocompatible nanoplatforms but often suffer from their poor structural stability. Unimolecular polypeptide micelles can effectively address the structure instability issue, but their synthesis with uniform structure and well-controlled and desired sizes remains challenging. Herein we report the convenient preparation of spherical unimolecular micelles through dendritic polyamine-initiated ultrafast ring-opening polymerization of N-carboxyanhydrides (NCAs). Synthetic polypeptides with exceptionally high molecular weights (up to 85 MDa) and low dispersity (Đ < 1.05) can be readily obtained, which are the biggest synthetic polypeptides ever reported. The degree of polymerization was controlled in a vast range (25-3200), giving access to nearly monodisperse unimolecular micelles with predictable sizes. Many NCA monomers can be polymerized using this ultrafast polymerization method, which enables the incorporation of various structural and functional moieties into the unimolecular micelles. Because of the simplicity of the synthesis and superior control over the structure, the unimolecular polypeptide micelles may find applications in nanomedicine, supermolecular chemistry, and bionanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shixian Lv
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Hojun Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Ziyuan Song
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Lin Feng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Yingfeng Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Ryan Baumgartner
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Kuan-Ying Tseng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Shen J Dillon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Cecilia Leal
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Lichen Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jianjun Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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18
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Recent advances in theranostic polymeric nanoparticles for cancer treatment: A review. Int J Pharm 2020; 582:119314. [PMID: 32283197 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Nanotheranostics is fast-growing pharmaceutical technology for simultaneously monitoring drug release and its distribution, and to evaluate the real time therapeutic efficacy through a single nanoscale for treatment and diagnosis of deadly disease such as cancers. In recent two decades, biodegradable polymers have been discovered as important carriers to accommodate therapeutic and medical imaging agents to facilitate construction of multi-modal formulations. In this review, we summarize various multifunctional polymeric nano-sized formulations such as polymer-based super paramagnetic nanoparticles, ultrasound-triggered polymeric nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles bearing radionuclides, and fluorescent polymeric nano-sized formulations for purpose of theranostics. The use of such multi-modal nano-sized formulations for near future clinical trials can assist clinicians to predict therapeutic properties (for instance, depending upon the quantity of drug accumulated at the cancerous site) and observed the progress of tumor growth in patients, thus improving tailored medicines.
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19
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Cai H, Dai X, Wang X, Tan P, Gu L, Luo Q, Zheng X, Li Z, Zhu H, Zhang H, Gu Z, Gong Q, Luo K. A Nanostrategy for Efficient Imaging-Guided Antitumor Therapy through a Stimuli-Responsive Branched Polymeric Prodrug. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:1903243. [PMID: 32195104 PMCID: PMC7080516 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201903243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A stimuli-responsive polymeric prodrug-based nanotheranostic system with imaging agents (cyanine5.5 and gadolinium-chelates) and a therapeutic agent paclitaxel (PTX) is prepared via polymerization and conjugating chemistry. The branched polymeric PTX-Gd-based nanoparticles (BP-PTX-Gd NPs) demonstrate excellent biocompatibility, and high stability under physiological conditions, but they stimuli-responsively degrade and release PTX rapidly in a tumor microenvironment. The in vitro behavior of NPs labeled with fluorescent dyes is effectively monitored, and the NPs display high cytotoxicity to 4T1 cells similar to free PTX by impairing the function of microtubules, downregulating anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, and upregulating the expression of Bax, cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9, cleaved-PARP, and p53 proteins. Great improvement in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is demonstrated by these NPs, and MRI accurately maps the temporal change profile of the tumor volume after injection of NPs and the tumor treatment process is also closely correlated with the T 1 values measured from MRI, demonstrating the capability of providing real-time feedback to the chemotherapeutic treatment effectiveness. The imaging-guided chemotherapy to the 4T1 tumor in the mice model achieves an excellent anti-tumor effect. This stimuli-responsive polymeric nano-agent opens a new door for efficient breast cancer treatment under the guidance of fluorescence/MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Cai
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC)Department of RadiologyFunctional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Xinghang Dai
- West China School of MedicineSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC)Department of RadiologyFunctional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Ping Tan
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC)Department of RadiologyFunctional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Lei Gu
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC)Department of RadiologyFunctional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Qiang Luo
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC)Department of RadiologyFunctional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Xiuli Zheng
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC)Department of RadiologyFunctional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Zhiqian Li
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC)Department of RadiologyFunctional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Hongyan Zhu
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC)Department of RadiologyFunctional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Hu Zhang
- Amgen Bioprocessing CentreKeck Graduate InstituteClaremontCA91711USA
| | - Zhongwei Gu
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC)Department of RadiologyFunctional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
- National Engineering Research Center for BiomaterialsSichuan UniversityChengdu610064China
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC)Department of RadiologyFunctional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Kui Luo
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC)Department of RadiologyFunctional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
- National Engineering Research Center for BiomaterialsSichuan UniversityChengdu610064China
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20
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He Y, Qin L, Huang Y, Ma C. Advances of Nano-Structured Extended-Release Local Anesthetics. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2020; 15:13. [PMID: 31950284 PMCID: PMC6965527 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-019-3241-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Extended-release local anesthetics (LAs) have drawn increasing attention with their promising role in improving analgesia and reducing adverse events of LAs. Nano-structured carriers such as liposomes and polymersomes optimally meet the demands of/for extended-release, and have been utilized in drug delivery over decades and showed satisfactory results with extended-release. Based on mature technology of liposomes, EXPAREL, the first approved liposomal LA loaded with bupivacaine, has seen its success in an extended-release form. At the same time, polymersomes has advances over liposomes with complementary profiles, which inspires the emergence of hybrid carriers. This article summarized the recent research successes on nano-structured extended-release LAs, of which liposomal and polymeric are mainstream systems. Furthermore, with continual optimization, drug delivery systems carry properties beyond simple transportation, such as specificity and responsiveness. In the near future, we may achieve targeted delivery and controlled-release properties to satisfy various analgesic requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumiao He
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
- Joint Laboratory of Anesthesia and Pain, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Linan Qin
- Joint Laboratory of Anesthesia and Pain, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Yuguang Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.
- Joint Laboratory of Anesthesia and Pain, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Chao Ma
- Joint Laboratory of Anesthesia and Pain, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.
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21
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Chaturvedi VK, Singh A, Singh VK, Singh MP. Cancer Nanotechnology: A New Revolution for Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy. Curr Drug Metab 2020; 20:416-429. [PMID: 30227814 DOI: 10.2174/1389200219666180918111528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nanotechnology is gaining significant attention worldwide for cancer treatment. Nanobiotechnology encourages the combination of diagnostics with therapeutics, which is a vital component of a customized way to deal with the malignancy. Nanoparticles are being used as Nanomedicine which participates in diagnosis and treatment of various diseases including cancer. The unique characteristic of Nanomedicine i.e. their high surface to volume ratio enables them to tie, absorb, and convey small biomolecule like DNA, RNA, drugs, proteins, and other molecules to targeted site and thus enhances the efficacy of therapeutic agents. OBJECTIVE The objective of the present article is to provide an insight of several aspect of nanotechnology in cancer therapeutics such as various nanomaterials as drug vehicle, drug release strategies and role of nanotechnology in cancer therapy. METHODS We performed an extensive search on bibliographic database for research article on nanotechnology and cancer therapeutics and further compiled the necessary information from various articles into the present article. RESULTS Cancer nanotechnology confers a unique technology against cancer through early diagnosis, prevention, personalized therapy by utilizing nanoparticles and quantum dots.Nano-biotechnology plays an important role in the discovery of cancer biomarkers. Quantum dots, gold nanoparticles, magnetic nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, gold nanowires etc. have been developed as a carrier of biomolecules that can detect cancer biomarkers. Nanoparticle assisted cancer detection and monitoring involves biomolecules like proteins, antibody fragments, DNA fragments, and RNA fragments as the base of cancer biomarkers. CONCLUSION This review highlights various approaches of cancer nanotechnology in the advancement of cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek K Chaturvedi
- Centre of Biotechnology, University of Allahabad, Allahabad-211002, India
| | - Anshuman Singh
- Centre of Biotechnology, University of Allahabad, Allahabad-211002, India
| | - Vinay K Singh
- CMP Degree College, University of Allahabad, Allahabad-211002, India
| | - Mohan P Singh
- Centre of Biotechnology, University of Allahabad, Allahabad-211002, India
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22
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Sadtler K, Collins J, Byrne JD, Langer R. Parallel evolution of polymer chemistry and immunology: Integrating mechanistic biology with materials design. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 156:65-79. [PMID: 32589903 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
To develop new therapeutics involves the interaction of multiple disciplines to yield safe, functional devices and formulations. Regardless of drug function and potency, administration with controlled timing, dosing, and targeting is required to properly treat or regulate health and disease. Delivery approaches can be optimized through advances in materials science, clinical testing, and basic biology and immunology. Presently, laboratories focused on developing these technologies are composed of, or collaborate with, chemists, biologists, materials scientists, engineers, and physicians to understand the way our body interacts with drug delivery devices, and how to synthesize new, rationally designed materials to improve targeted and controlled drug delivery. In this review, we discuss both device-based and micro/nanoparticle-based materials in the clinic, our biologic understanding of how our immune system interacts with these materials, how this diverse set of immune cells has become a target and variable in drug delivery design, and new directions in polymer chemistry to address these interactions and further our advances in medical therapeutics.
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23
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Zheng Y, Li ZR, Yue R, Fu YL, Liu ZY, Feng HY, Li JG, Han SY. PiggyBac transposon system with polymeric gene carrier transfected into human T cells. Am J Transl Res 2019; 11:7126-7136. [PMID: 31814915 PMCID: PMC6895516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
CAR-T cell-based immunotherapy has shown great promise in clinical trials for the treatment of hematological malignancies. The majority of these trials utilize retroviral and lentiviral vectors to introduce CAR transgene. In spite of its satisfactory efficiency, the concerns about the potential carcinogenicity and complicated synthesis procedure restrict widespread clinical applications of viral vectors. Recent studies show that transposon-based gene transfer is a safer and simpler non-viral approach for stable transgene expression. Here, we developed an in house made polymeric nanomicelles carrier for piggyBac (PB) transposon delivery to primary T lymphocytes. The properties, transfection efficiency and toxicity of this carrier was analyzed. Results indicated that nanomicelles produced in our study were stable and reduction-sensitive. These micelles can completely condense DNA and mediate transfection with efficiency of average 30.2% with high cell viability (> 80%). Furthermore, incorporating piggyBac transposase elements into polyplexes promoted persistent expression of the transgene (up to 55%). At the end of culture, CAR-T cells mainly exhibited memory phenotype and consisted of CD3+CD8+ T cells. The cytotoxicity of these CAR-T cells was average 17% at 20:1 ratio. In conclusion, polymeric nanomicelles provide a flexible and safe method for gene delivery to T lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zheng
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunology and Kidney Disease, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s HospitalZhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Zhan-Rong Li
- Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s HospitalZhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Ran Yue
- Postgraduate Division, Xinxiang Medical CollegeXinxiang 453003, China
| | - Yu-Long Fu
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunology and Kidney Disease, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s HospitalZhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Zi-Yang Liu
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunology and Kidney Disease, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s HospitalZhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Hua-Yang Feng
- Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s HospitalZhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Jing-Guo Li
- Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s HospitalZhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Shuang-Yin Han
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunology and Kidney Disease, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s HospitalZhengzhou 450003, China
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24
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Barkat A, Beg S, Panda SK, S Alharbi K, Rahman M, Ahmed FJ. Functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles in anticancer therapeutics. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 69:365-375. [PMID: 31442571 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The application of nanomedicines in tumor targeting and attaining meaningful therapeutic benefits for the treatment of cancers has been going on for almost two decades. Beyond the lipidic and polymeric nanomedicines-based passive and active targeting, the quest for inventing the new generation of carriers has no end. This has lead to the evolution of some of the unique carrier systems with supramolecular assembly structures. Mesoporous nanoparticulate systems (MSNPs) are the recently explored substances with favorable potential for drug delivery and drug targeting applications especially in cancer chemotherapeutics. Notwithstanding their physical properties that makes them a suitable carrier for cancer treatment, but their outstanding ability towards chemical functionalization helps in delivering the imaging agents for diagnostic applications. MSNPs can improve the dissolution rate and systemic availability of the poorly water soluble drugs due to their mesoporous structures. Besides, guest molecules including targeting ligands, biomimetic agents, fluorescent dyes, and biocompatible polymers can be efficiently encapsulated in their tunable porous structure for targeting purpose. Some special features of the MSNPs which make them one of the highly effective nanocarrier systems include their ability to encapsulate non-crystalline drugs in their mesopores, high dispersion ability as a function of large surface area and wetting properties. For anticancer drug delivery, MSNPs are worthful to provide excellent drug loading capacity and endocytotic behavior. Moreover, the external surface of MSNPs can be precisely modified for tumor-recognition and developing sensitivity of the antitumor agents towards the cancer cells. Owing to the innumerable applications of MSNPs till now in cancer treatment, the present article particularly focuses to provide an overview account with complete details on the topic to make the readers abreast with details on physiochemical and material properties of MSNPs, their applications and current innovations for the purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abul Barkat
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Medical & Allied Sciences, KR Mangalam University, Gurgaon, Sohna, Haryana, India
| | - Sarwar Beg
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India.
| | - Sunil K Panda
- Research Director, Menovo Pharmaceuticals Research Lab, Ningbo, People's Republic of China
| | - Khalid S Alharbi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakakah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahfoozur Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, SIHAS, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology & Sciences, Allahabad, UP, India.
| | - Farhan J Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India.
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Truebenbach I, Kern S, Loy DM, Höhn M, Gorges J, Kazmaier U, Wagner E. Combination Chemotherapy of L1210 Tumors in Mice with Pretubulysin and Methotrexate Lipo-Oligomer Nanoparticles. Mol Pharm 2019; 16:2405-2417. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ines Truebenbach
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for System-Based Drug Research, and Center for Nanoscience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Sarah Kern
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for System-Based Drug Research, and Center for Nanoscience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Dominik M. Loy
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for System-Based Drug Research, and Center for Nanoscience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Miriam Höhn
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for System-Based Drug Research, and Center for Nanoscience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Jan Gorges
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, Saarland University, P.O. Box 151150, 66041 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Uli Kazmaier
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, Saarland University, P.O. Box 151150, 66041 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Ernst Wagner
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for System-Based Drug Research, and Center for Nanoscience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 81377 Munich, Germany
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26
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Li T, Shi S, Goel S, Shen X, Xie X, Chen Z, Zhang H, Li S, Qin X, Yang H, Wu C, Liu Y. Recent advancements in mesoporous silica nanoparticles towards therapeutic applications for cancer. Acta Biomater 2019; 89:1-13. [PMID: 30797106 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Recently, drug delivery systems based on nanotechnology have received great attention in cancer therapeutics and diagnostics since they can not only improve the treatment efficacy but also reduce the side effects. Among them, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) with large surface area, high pore volume, tunable pore size, abundant surface chemistry, and acceptable biocompatibility exhibit unique advantages and are considered as promising candidates for cancer diagnosis and therapy. In this review, we update the recent progress on MSN-based systems for cancer treatment purposes. We also discuss the drug loading mechanism of MSNs, stimuli-responsive drug release, and surface modification strategies for improving biocompatibility, and targeting functionalities. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The development of MSN-based delivery systems that can be used in both diagnosis and treatment of cancer has attracted tremendous interest in the past decade. MSN-based delivery systems can improve therapeutic efficacy and reduce cytotoxicity to normal tissue. To further improve the in vivo properties of MSNs and potential translation to the clinics, it is critical to design MSNs with appropriate surface engineering and desirable cancer targeting. This review is intended to provide the readers a comprehensive background of the vast literature till date on silica-based drug delivery systems, and to inspire further innovations in silica nanomedicine in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, PR China; Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA; Center for Information in Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Sixiang Shi
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Shreya Goel
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Xue Shen
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xiaoxue Xie
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Zhongyuan Chen
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Hanxi Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Shun Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, PR China; Center for Information in Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xiang Qin
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, PR China; Center for Information in Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Hong Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, PR China; Center for Information in Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Chunhui Wu
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, PR China; Center for Information in Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yiyao Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, PR China; Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.39 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan, PR China.
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27
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Lee DC, Lamm RJ, Prossnitz AN, Boydston AJ, Pun SH. Dual Polymerizations: Untapped Potential for Biomaterials. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1800861. [PMID: 30369103 PMCID: PMC6426662 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201800861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Block copolymers with unique architectures and those that can self-assemble into supramolecular structures are used in medicine as biomaterial scaffolds and delivery vehicles for cells, therapeutics, and imaging agents. To date, much of the work relies on controlling polymer behavior by varying the monomer side chains to add functionality and tune hydrophobicity. Although varying the side chains is an efficient strategy to control polymer behavior, changing the polymer backbone can also be a powerful approach to modulate polymer self-assembly, rigidity, reactivity, and biodegradability for biomedical applications. There are many developments in the syntheses of polymers with segmented backbones, but these developments are not widely adopted as strategies to address the unique constraints and requirements of polymers for biomedical applications. This review highlights dual polymerization strategies for the synthesis of backbone-segmented block copolymers to facilitate their adoption for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel C. Lee
- Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute, University of Washington
| | | | | | - Andrew J. Boydston
- Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute, University of Washington
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington
| | - Suzie H. Pun
- Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute, University of Washington
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington
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28
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Xu J, Zhang J, Xiong D, Lin W, Wen L, Zhang L. Enhanced stability of crosslinked and charged unimolecular micelles from multigeometry triblock copolymers with short hydrophilic segments: dissipative particle dynamics simulation. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:546-558. [PMID: 30644512 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm01941j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
High micellar stability and well-performed drug loading and release are two conflicting factors for unimolecular micelles as an ideal drug delivery system. Achieving the formation of unimolecular micelles with short hydrophilic blocks is a challenging and promising approach to solve this bottleneck and limitation of current unimolecular micelle systems. In this work, dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) simulation is used to study the synergetic effect of crosslinking and electrostatic repulsion on stability of unimolecular micelles and to analyze the micro-mechanism and factors influencing this synergetic stabilization strategy. The strategy can generate unimolecular micelles with extremely high stability for various supramolecular polymers with short hydrophilic chains. Protonation of DEAEMA blocks leads to a large improvement in micellar hydrophilicity. The protonated middle layer further shrinks through crosslinking to produce the largest charge density, enlarging the electrostatic repulsion between colloidal particles. Additionally, the crosslinking and protonation treatment maximizes the extension degree of hydrophilic EO segments due to the increasing steric hindrance and poor compatibility between DEAHEMA and EO blocks. In this study, the relation between shrinkage degree of hydrophobic cores and stability of unimolecular micelles is first reported. The above-mentioned transition of micellar structures and properties results in the maximum degree of core shrinkage (Rg of MMA blocks) corresponding to the high stability of unimolecular micelles. Further study shows that the increasing cyclization degree, the mode of end cyclization, and the crosslinking and electrostatic repulsion of the middle layer all exert favorable effects on the stability of unimolecular micelles due to controlled shrinkage of hydrophobic cores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianchang Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Jing Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Di Xiong
- School of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Wenjing Lin
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Liyang Wen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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29
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Wang Y, Wei H, Zheng L, Wu Z, Zhang X, Zhang X. One-Pot Synthesis of Dual-Responsive Hyperbranched Polymeric Prodrugs Using an All-in-One Chain Transfer Monomer. ACS Macro Lett 2018; 7:1203-1207. [PMID: 35651255 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.8b00603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decades, tremendous progress has been advanced in the preparation of hyperbranched polymers (HPs), especially for the one-pot synthesis of segmented HPs by using self-condensing vinyl polymerization based on controlled living radical polymerization techniques. However, the fabrication of hyperbranched polymeric prodrugs (HPPs) still requires multistep postpolymerization conjugations, which generally suffer from low and uncontrolled conjugation efficacy of drug molecules due to the steric hindrance, low yields because of multistep synthesis, and scale-up difficulties attributed to batch-to-batch variations. To further address these issues and provide a highly straightforward and robust strategy toward HPPs, we reported in this study the one-pot preparation of dual-responsive hyperbranched polymeric prodrugs (DRHPPs) using an all-in-one chain transfer monomer that integrates a drug molecule with both acidic pH- and reduction-sensitive links. The resulting DRHPPs with precisely regulated drug loading content and great therapeutic efficacy offered a highly promising platform for efficient anticancer drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Hua Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Luping Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Zhizhen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Xiaolong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Xianshuo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
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30
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Yang J, Li L, Kopeček J. Biorecognition: A key to drug-free macromolecular therapeutics. Biomaterials 2018; 190-191:11-23. [PMID: 30391799 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This review highlights a new paradigm in macromolecular nanomedicine - drug-free macromolecular therapeutics (DFMT). The effectiveness of the new system is based on biorecognition events without the participation of low molecular weight drugs. Apoptosis of cells can be initiated by the biorecognition of complementary peptide/oligonucleotide motifs at the cell surface resulting in the crosslinking of slowly internalizing receptors. B-cell CD20 receptors and Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) were chosen as the first target. Exposing cells to a conjugate of one motif with a targeting ligand decorates the cells with this motif. Further exposure of decorated cells to a macromolecule (synthetic polymer or human serum albumin) containing multiple copies of the complementary motif as grafts results in receptor crosslinking and apoptosis induction in vitro and in vivo. The review focuses on recent developments and explores the mechanism of action of DFMT. The altered molecular signaling pathways demonstrated the great potential of DFMT to overcome rituximab resistance resulting from either down-regulation of CD20 or endocytosis and trogocytosis of rituximab/CD20 complexes. The suitability of this approach for the treatment of blood borne cancers is confirmed. In addition, the widespread applicability of DFMT as a new concept in macromolecular therapeutics for numerous diseases is exposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyuan Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Center for Controlled Chemical Delivery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
| | - Lian Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Center for Controlled Chemical Delivery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Jindřich Kopeček
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Center for Controlled Chemical Delivery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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31
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Liu GW, Prossnitz AN, Eng DG, Cheng Y, Subrahmanyam N, Pippin JW, Lamm RJ, Ngambenjawong C, Ghandehari H, Shankland SJ, Pun SH. Glomerular disease augments kidney accumulation of synthetic anionic polymers. Biomaterials 2018; 178:317-325. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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32
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Das D, Srinivasan S, Brown FD, Su FY, Burrell AL, Kollman JM, Postma A, Ratner DM, Stayton PS, Convertine AJ. Radiant star nanoparticle prodrugs for the treatment of intracellular alveolar infections. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py00202a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Radiant star nanoparticle prodrugs were synthesized in a two-step process by first homopolymerizing RAFT transmers followed by copolymerization from the hyperbranched polymer core.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Das
- Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute
- department of BioEngineering
- Seattle
- USA
| | - S. Srinivasan
- Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute
- department of BioEngineering
- Seattle
- USA
| | - F. D. Brown
- Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute
- department of BioEngineering
- Seattle
- USA
| | - F. Y. Su
- Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute
- department of BioEngineering
- Seattle
- USA
| | - A. L. Burrell
- University of Washington
- Department of Biochemistry
- USA
| | - J. M. Kollman
- University of Washington
- Department of Biochemistry
- USA
| | - A. Postma
- The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) Manufacturing
- Clayton
- Australia
| | - D. M. Ratner
- Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute
- department of BioEngineering
- Seattle
- USA
| | - P. S. Stayton
- Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute
- department of BioEngineering
- Seattle
- USA
| | - A. J. Convertine
- Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute
- department of BioEngineering
- Seattle
- USA
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33
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Zhang S, Tezuka Y, Zhang Z, Li N, Zhang W, Zhu X. Recent advances in the construction of cyclic grafted polymers and their potential applications. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py01544e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Three main strategies used for the construction of cyclic grafted polymers, “grafting through”, “grafting onto”, and “grafting from”, are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangshuang Zhang
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
| | - Yasuyuki Tezuka
- Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Tokyo 152-8552
- Japan
| | - Zhengbiao Zhang
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
| | - Na Li
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
| | - Wei Zhang
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
| | - Xiulin Zhu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
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34
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Wu W, Dai W, Zhao X, Zhang J, Zhao Y. Synthesis, self-assembly and drug release behaviors of reduction-labile multi-responsive block miktobrush quaterpolymers with linear and V-shaped grafts. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py00245b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Stimuli-tunable topological/morphological transitions and drug release properties based on novel disulfide-functionalized coil–comb–coil quaterpolymers were revealed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Wu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
| | - Wenxue Dai
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
| | - Xiaoqi Zhao
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
| | - Jian Zhang
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
| | - Youliang Zhao
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
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35
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Soxman AG, DeLuca JM, Kinlough KM, Iwig DF, Mathers RT. Functionalization of polyesters with multiple B vitamins. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.28713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew G. Soxman
- Department of Chemistry; The Pennsylvania State University; New Kensington Pennsylvania 15068
| | - Jenna M. DeLuca
- Department of Chemistry; The Pennsylvania State University; New Kensington Pennsylvania 15068
| | - Kylie M. Kinlough
- Department of Chemistry; The Pennsylvania State University; New Kensington Pennsylvania 15068
| | - David F. Iwig
- Arconic Technology Center; New Kensington Pennsylvania 15069
| | - Robert T. Mathers
- Department of Chemistry; The Pennsylvania State University; New Kensington Pennsylvania 15068
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36
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Patent highlights February–March 2017. Pharm Pat Anal 2017; 6:151-159. [DOI: 10.4155/ppa-2017-0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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37
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Yang J, Zhang R, Pan H, Li Y, Fang Y, Zhang L, Kopeček J. Backbone Degradable N-(2-Hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide Copolymer Conjugates with Gemcitabine and Paclitaxel: Impact of Molecular Weight on Activity toward Human Ovarian Carcinoma Xenografts. Mol Pharm 2017; 14:1384-1394. [PMID: 28094954 PMCID: PMC8494043 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b01005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Degradable diblock and multiblock (tetrablock and hexablock) N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA) copolymer-gemcitabine (GEM) and -paclitaxel (PTX) conjugates were synthesized by reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transter (RAFT) copolymerization followed by click reaction for preclinical investigation. The aim was to validate the hypothesis that long-circulating conjugates are needed to generate a sustained concentration gradient between vasculature and a solid tumor and result in significant anticancer effect. To evaluate the impact of molecular weight of the conjugates on treatment efficacy, diblock, tetrablock, and hexablock GEM and PTX conjugates were administered intravenously to nude mice bearing A2780 human ovarian xenografts. For GEM conjugates, triple doses with dosage 5 mg/kg were given on days 0, 7, and 14 (q7dx3), whereas a single dose regime with 20 mg/kg was applied on day 0 for PTX conjugates treatment. The most effective conjugates for each monotherapy were the diblock ones, 2P-GEM and 2P-PTX (Mw ≈ 100 kDa). Increasing the Mw to 200 or 300 kDa resulted in decrease of activity most probably due to changes in the conformation of the macromolecule because of interaction of hydrophobic residues at side chain termini and formation of "unimer micelles". In addition to monotherapy, a sequential combination treatment of diblock PTX conjugate followed by GEM conjugate (2P-PTX/2P-GEM) was also performed, which showed the best tumor growth inhibition due to synergistic effect: complete remission was achieved after the first treatment cycle. However, because of low dose applied, tumor recurrence was observed 2 weeks after cease of treatment. To assess optimal route of administration, intraperitoneal (i.p.) application of 2P-GEM, 2P-PTX, and their combination was examined. The fact that the highest anticancer efficiency was achieved with diblock conjugates that can be synthesized in one scalable step bodes well for the translation into clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyuan Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry/CCCD, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
- TheraTarget, Inc., Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry/CCCD, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Huaizhong Pan
- TheraTarget, Inc., Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Yuling Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry/CCCD, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Yixin Fang
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry/CCCD, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Libin Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry/CCCD, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Jindřich Kopeček
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry/CCCD, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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38
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Niño-Pariente A, Armiñán A, Reinhard S, Scholz C, Kos P, Wagner E, Vicent MJ. Design of Poly-l-Glutamate-Based Complexes for pDNA Delivery. Macromol Biosci 2017; 17. [PMID: 28378951 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201700029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Due to the polyanionic nature of DNA, typically cationic or neutral delivery vehicles have been used for gene delivery. As a new approach, this study focuses on the design, development, and validation of nonviral polypeptide-based carriers for oligonucleotide delivery based on a negatively charged poly-l-glutamic acid (PGA) backbone partly derivatized with oligoaminoamide residues. To this end, PGA-derivatives modified with different pentameric succinyl tetraethylene pentamines (Stp5 ) are designed. Optionally, histidines for modulation of endosomal buffer capacity and cysteines for pDNA complex stabilization are included, followed by characterization of biophysical properties and gene transfer efficiency in N2a neuroblastoma or 4T1 breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaya Niño-Pariente
- Polymer Therapeutics Lab, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe (CIPF), C/Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, Valencia, 46012, Spain
| | - Ana Armiñán
- Polymer Therapeutics Lab, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe (CIPF), C/Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, Valencia, 46012, Spain
| | - Sören Reinhard
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Center for Nanoscience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstr. 5-13, Building D, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Claudia Scholz
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Center for Nanoscience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstr. 5-13, Building D, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Ernst Wagner
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Center for Nanoscience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstr. 5-13, Building D, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - María J Vicent
- Polymer Therapeutics Lab, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe (CIPF), C/Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, Valencia, 46012, Spain
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39
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Zhang H, Wu W, Zhao X, Zhao Y. Synthesis and Thermoresponsive Behaviors of Thermo-, pH-, CO2-, and Oxidation-Responsive Linear and Cyclic Graft Copolymers. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b00220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongcan Zhang
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of
Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Jiangsu Key Laboratory
of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, State and Local
Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials,
College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Wentao Wu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of
Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Jiangsu Key Laboratory
of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, State and Local
Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials,
College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiaoqi Zhao
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of
Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Jiangsu Key Laboratory
of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, State and Local
Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials,
College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Youliang Zhao
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of
Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Jiangsu Key Laboratory
of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, State and Local
Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials,
College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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40
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Shi Y, Lammers T, Storm G, Hennink WE. Physico-Chemical Strategies to Enhance Stability and Drug Retention of Polymeric Micelles for Tumor-Targeted Drug Delivery. Macromol Biosci 2017; 17:10.1002/mabi.201600160. [PMID: 27413999 PMCID: PMC5410994 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201600160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 06/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Polymeric micelles (PM) have been extensively used for tumor-targeted delivery of hydrophobic anti-cancer drugs. The lipophilic core of PM is naturally suitable for loading hydrophobic drugs and the hydrophilic shell endows them with colloidal stability and stealth properties. Decades of research on PM have resulted in tremendous numbers of PM-forming amphiphilic polymers, and approximately a dozen micellar nanomedicines have entered the clinic. The first generation of PM can be considered solubilizers of hydrophobic drugs, with short circulation times resulting from poor micelle stability and unstable drug entrapment. To more optimally exploit the potential of PM for targeted drug delivery, several physical (e.g., π-π stacking, stereocomplexation, hydrogen bonding, host-guest complexation, and coordination interaction) and chemical (e.g., free radical polymerization, click chemistry, disulfide and hydrazone bonding) strategies have been developed to improve micelle stability and drug retention. In this review, the most promising physico-chemical approaches to enhance micelle stability and drug retention are described, and how these strategies have resulted in systems with promising therapeutic efficacy in animal models, paving the way for clinical translation, is summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Shi
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Twan Lammers
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, 52074 Aachen, Germany, Department of Targeted Therapeutics, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, 7522 NB, The Netherlands, Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands
| | - Gert Storm
- Department of Targeted Therapeutics, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, 7522 NB, The Netherlands, Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands, Image Sciences Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Wim E. Hennink
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands
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41
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The chemistry of the carbon-transition metal double and triple bond: Annual survey covering the year 2015. Coord Chem Rev 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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42
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Nanoparticles for cancer gene therapy: Recent advances, challenges, and strategies. Pharmacol Res 2016; 114:56-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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43
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Williams R, Pitto-Barry A, Kirby N, Dove AP, O’Reilly RK. Cyclic Graft Copolymer Unimolecular Micelles: Effects of Cyclization on Particle Morphology and Thermoresponsive Behavior. Macromolecules 2016; 49:2802-2813. [PMID: 27175037 PMCID: PMC4861350 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b02710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of cyclic amphiphilic graft copolymers with a hydrophobic polycarbonate backbone and hydrophilic poly(N-acryloylmorpholine) (PNAM) side arms via a combination of ring-opening polymerization (ROP), cyclization via copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC), and reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization is reported. The ability of these cyclic graft copolymers to form unimolecular micelles in water is explored using a combination of light scattering, small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryoTEM) analyses, where particle size was found to increase with increasing PNAM arm length. Further analysis revealed differences in the solution conformations, loading capabilities, and morphologies of the cyclic graft copolymers in comparison to equivalent linear graft copolymer unimolecular micelle analogues. Furthermore, the cyclic and linear graft copolymers were found to exhibit significantly different cloud point temperatures. This study highlights how subtle changes in polymer architecture (linear graft copolymer versus cyclic graft copolymer) can dramatically influence a polymer's nanostructure and its properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca
J. Williams
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K.
| | - Anaïs Pitto-Barry
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K.
| | - Nigel Kirby
- Australian Synchrotron, 800 Blackburn
Road, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Andrew P. Dove
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K.
| | - Rachel K. O’Reilly
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K.
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44
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Nauka PC, Lee J, Maynard HD. Enhancing Conjugation Yield of Brush Polymer-Protein Conjugates by Increasing Linker Length at the Polymer End-Group. Polym Chem 2016; 7:2352-2357. [PMID: 27110293 PMCID: PMC4836366 DOI: 10.1039/c6py00080k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Polymers with oligoethylene glycol side chains are promising in therapeutic protein-polymer conjugates as replacements for linear polyethylene glycol (PEG). Branched PEG polymers can confer additional stability and advantageous properties compared to linear PEGs. However, branched PEG polymers suffer from low conjugation yields to proteins, likely due to steric interactions between bulky side chains of the polymer and the protein. In an effort to increase yields, the linker length between the protein-reactive functional end-group of the polymer chain and branched PEG side chain was systematically increased. This was accomplished by synthesizing four well-defined poly(poly(ethylene glycol methyl ether) acrylates) (pPEGA) with pyridyl disulfide end-groups by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization mediated by chain transfer agents (CTAs) with different linker lengths. These, along with linear PEG and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (pNIPAAm), were conjugated to two model proteins, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and beta-lactoglobulin (βLG). The conjugation yields were determined by gel electrophoresis. The length of the linker affected conjugation yield for both proteins. For BSA, the conjugation yield step increased from 10% to 24% when the linker was altered from 1 ethylene glycol (EG) unit to 3, with no additional increase for 4 and 6 EG units. In the case of βLG, the yield gradually increased from 9% to the 33% when the linker length was increased from 1 to 6. PEG and pNIPAAm reacted with yields as high as 75% further emphasizing the effect of steric hindrance in lowering conjugation yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter C Nauka
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Juneyoung Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Heather D Maynard
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
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45
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Tong M, An X, Pan W, Liu H, Zhao Y. Synthesis and properties of stimuli-sensitive heterografted toothbrush-like terpolymers with a linear handle and two types of V-shaped grafts. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py00182c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Straightforward syntheses were performed to generate amphiphilic heterograftedPNIPAM(PAA)2m(PCL)2mcopolymers, which could self-assemble into versatile nanoobjects for thermo, pH and additive triggered controlled release of doxorubicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Tong
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
| | - Xiaonan An
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
| | - Weidong Pan
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
| | - Huanhuan Liu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
| | - Youliang Zhao
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
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46
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Wei H, Wang CE, Tan N, Boydston AJ, Pun SH. ATRP Synthesis of Sunflower Polymers using Cyclic Multimacroinitiators. ACS Macro Lett 2015; 4:938-941. [PMID: 26900511 PMCID: PMC4755328 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.5b00565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Polymers with advanced architectures can now be readily and reproducibly synthesized using controlled living polymerization. These materials are attractive as potential drug carriers due to their tunable size, versatile methods of drug incorporation and release, and ease of functionalization with targeting ligands. In this work, we report the design and development of macrocyclic brush, or "sunflower," polymers, synthesized by controlled radical polymerization of hydrophilic "petals" from a cyclic multimacroinitiator "core." These nanostructures can be synthesized with low polydispersity and controlled sizes depending on polymerization time. We further demonstrate that folate-functionalized sunflower polymers facilitate receptor-mediated uptake into cancer cells. These materials therefore show potential as drug carriers for anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wei
- Department of Bioengineering and Molecular Engineering & Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Christine E. Wang
- Department of Bioengineering and Molecular Engineering & Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Nicholas Tan
- Department of Bioengineering and Molecular Engineering & Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Andrew J. Boydston
- Department of Chemistry University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Suzie H. Pun
- Department of Bioengineering and Molecular Engineering & Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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