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Cao F, Zhang L, Zhao Z, Shen X, Xiong J, Yang Z, Gong B, Liu M, Chen H, Xiao H, Huang M, Liu Y, Qiu G, Wang K, Zhou F, Xiao J. TM9SF1 offers utility as an efficient predictor of clinical severity and mortality among acute respiratory distress syndrome patients. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1408406. [PMID: 38887291 PMCID: PMC11180774 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1408406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a major cause of death among critically ill patients in intensive care settings, underscoring the need to identify biomarkers capable of predicting ARDS patient clinical status and prognosis at an early time point. This study specifically sought to explore the utility and clinical relevance of TM9SF1 as a biomarker for the early prediction of disease severity and prognostic outcomes in patients with ARDS. Methods This study enrolled 123 patients with severe ARDS and 116 patients with non-severe ARDS for whom follow-up information was available. The mRNA levels of TM9SF1 and cytokines in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from these patients were evaluated by qPCR. The predictive performance of TM9SF1 and other clinical indicators was evaluated using received operating characteristic (ROC) curves. A predictive nomogram was developed based on TM9SF1 expression and evaluated for its ability in the early prediction of severe disease and mortality in patients with ARDS. Results TM9SF1 mRNA expression was found to be significantly increased in patients with severe ARDS relative to those with non-severe disease or healthy controls. ARDS severity increased in correspondence with the level of TM9SF1 expression (odds ratio [OR] = 2.43, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.15-3.72, P = 0.005), and high TM9SF1 levels were associated with a greater risk of mortality (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.27, 95% CI = 2.20-4.39, P = 0.001). ROC curves demonstrated that relative to other clinical indicators, TM9SF1 offered superior performance in the prediction of ARDS severity and mortality. A novel nomogram incorporating TM9SF1 expression together with age, D-dimer levels, and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels was developed and was used to predict ARDS severity (AUC = 0.887, 95% CI = 0.715-0.943). A separate model incorporating TM9SF1 expression, age, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and D-dimer levels (C-index = 0.890, 95% CI = 0.627-0.957) was also developed for predicting mortality. Conclusion Increases in ARDS severity and patient mortality were observed with rising levels of TM9SF1 expression. TM9SF1 may thus offer utility as a novel biomarker for the early prediction of ARDS patient disease status and clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengsheng Cao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine & Department of Emergency Medicine, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
- Medical College, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
- Institute of Neuroscience and Brain Diseases, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine & Department of Emergency Medicine, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
- Medical College, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
- Institute of Neuroscience and Brain Diseases, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Zhenwang Zhao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine & Department of Emergency Medicine, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
- Medical College, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
- Institute of Neuroscience and Brain Diseases, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaofang Shen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine & Department of Emergency Medicine, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
- Medical College, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
- Institute of Neuroscience and Brain Diseases, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Jinsong Xiong
- Gucheng People’s Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Zean Yang
- Gucheng People’s Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Baoxian Gong
- Gucheng People’s Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Mingming Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine & Department of Emergency Medicine, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
- Medical College, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
- Institute of Neuroscience and Brain Diseases, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Huabo Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine & Department of Emergency Medicine, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
- Medical College, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
- Institute of Neuroscience and Brain Diseases, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Hong Xiao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine & Department of Emergency Medicine, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
- Medical College, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
- Institute of Neuroscience and Brain Diseases, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Min Huang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine & Department of Emergency Medicine, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
- Medical College, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
- Institute of Neuroscience and Brain Diseases, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine & Department of Emergency Medicine, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
- Medical College, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
- Institute of Neuroscience and Brain Diseases, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Guangyu Qiu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine & Department of Emergency Medicine, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
- Medical College, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
- Institute of Neuroscience and Brain Diseases, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine & Department of Emergency Medicine, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
- Medical College, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
- Institute of Neuroscience and Brain Diseases, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Fengqiao Zhou
- Department of Critical Care Medicine & Department of Emergency Medicine, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
- Medical College, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
- Institute of Neuroscience and Brain Diseases, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Juan Xiao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine & Department of Emergency Medicine, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
- Medical College, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
- Institute of Neuroscience and Brain Diseases, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
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Zubieta-Calleja GR, Zubieta-DeUrioste N, de Jesús Montelongo F, Sanchez MGR, Campoverdi AF, Rocco PRM, Battaglini D, Ball L, Pelosi P. Morphological and functional findings in COVID-19 lung disease as compared to Pneumonia, ARDS, and High-Altitude Pulmonary Edema. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2023; 309:104000. [PMID: 36460252 PMCID: PMC9707029 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2022.104000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) may severely affect respiratory function and evolve to life-threatening hypoxia. The clinical experience led to the implementation of standardized protocols assuming similarity to severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2). Understanding the histopathological and functional patterns is essential to better understand the pathophysiology of COVID-19 and then develop new therapeutic strategies. Epithelial and endothelial cell damage can result from the virus attack, thus leading to immune-mediated response. Pulmonary histopathological findings show the presence of Mallory bodies, alveolar coating cells with nuclear atypia, reactive pneumocytes, reparative fibrosis, intra-alveolar hemorrhage, moderate inflammatory infiltrates, micro-abscesses, microthrombus, hyaline membrane fragments, and emphysema-like lung areas. COVID-19 patients may present different respiratory stages from silent to critical hypoxemia, are associated with the degree of pulmonary parenchymal involvement, thus yielding alteration of ventilation and perfusion relationships. This review aims to: discuss the morphological (histopathological and radiological) and functional findings of COVID-19 compared to acute interstitial pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and high-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE), four entities that share common clinical traits, but have peculiar pathophysiological features with potential implications to their clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Felipe de Jesús Montelongo
- Critical and Neurointensive Care Unit and Pathology Department, Hospital General de Ecatepec “Las Américas”, Instituto de Salud del Estado de México, México
| | - Manuel Gabriel Romo Sanchez
- Critical and Neurointensive Care Unit and Pathology Department, Hospital General de Ecatepec “Las Américas”, Instituto de Salud del Estado de México, México
| | | | - Patricia Rieken Macedo Rocco
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,COVID-19 Virus Network, Ministry of Science, Technology, and Innovation, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Denise Battaglini
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care, San Martino Policlinico Hospital, IRCCS for Oncology and Neurosciences, Genoa, Italy,Corresponding author
| | - Lorenzo Ball
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care, San Martino Policlinico Hospital, IRCCS for Oncology and Neurosciences, Genoa, Italy,Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paolo Pelosi
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care, San Martino Policlinico Hospital, IRCCS for Oncology and Neurosciences, Genoa, Italy,Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
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Battaglini D, Al-Husinat L, Normando AG, Leme AP, Franchini K, Morales M, Pelosi P, Rocco PR. Personalized medicine using omics approaches in acute respiratory distress syndrome to identify biological phenotypes. Respir Res 2022; 23:318. [PMID: 36403043 PMCID: PMC9675217 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-022-02233-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, research on acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has made considerable progress. However, ARDS remains a leading cause of mortality in the intensive care unit. ARDS presents distinct subphenotypes with different clinical and biological features. The pathophysiologic mechanisms of ARDS may contribute to the biological variability and partially explain why some pharmacologic therapies for ARDS have failed to improve patient outcomes. Therefore, identifying ARDS variability and heterogeneity might be a key strategy for finding effective treatments. Research involving studies on biomarkers and genomic, metabolomic, and proteomic technologies is increasing. These new approaches, which are dedicated to the identification and quantitative analysis of components from biological matrixes, may help differentiate between different types of damage and predict clinical outcome and risk. Omics technologies offer a new opportunity for the development of diagnostic tools and personalized therapy in ARDS. This narrative review assesses recent evidence regarding genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics in ARDS research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Battaglini
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care, San Martino Policlinico Hospital, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) for Oncology and Neuroscience, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Surgical Science and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lou'i Al-Husinat
- Department of Clinical Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, P.O. Box 566, Irbid, 21163, Jordan
| | - Ana Gabriela Normando
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, LNBio, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, CNPEM, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Adriana Paes Leme
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, LNBio, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, CNPEM, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Kleber Franchini
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, LNBio, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, CNPEM, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Morales
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paolo Pelosi
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care, San Martino Policlinico Hospital, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) for Oncology and Neuroscience, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Surgical Science and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Patricia Rm Rocco
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Tsikis ST, Fligor SC, Hirsch TI, Pan A, Yu LJ, Kishikawa H, Joiner MM, Mitchell PD, Puder M. Lipopolysaccharide-induced murine lung injury results in long-term pulmonary changes and downregulation of angiogenic pathways. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10245. [PMID: 35715592 PMCID: PMC9205148 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14618-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome is the most severe form of acute lung injury (ALI) and is associated with significant mortality. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced injury is a valuable murine model of ALI but there is a paucity of data on lung regeneration and the role of angiogenic signaling involving vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Eight-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were randomized to receive intratracheal instillation of either LPS or isovolumetric phosphate buffered saline as a vehicle control. Mice were observed at a single follow-up time-point that was either short-term (24 h or 4 days) or long-term (7 days or 4 weeks). On pulmonary function testing, LPS-treated mice had increased compliance at 4 weeks post-instillation, which correlated with decreased vascularization and with time-dependent, progressive decrease in alveolarization. Treadmill exercise tolerance testing demonstrated impaired performance at 24 h, 4 days and 4 weeks following LPS exposure. On lung protein analysis, LPS instillation decreased VEGF expression at up to 4 weeks, and decreased activation of its key receptor, VEGFR2 at 7 days and 4 weeks post-instillation. Together, these data provide insight on long-term pulmonary functional outcomes 4 weeks after ALI and identify angiogenic proteins as possible therapeutic targets following lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- S T Tsikis
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Fegan 3, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - S C Fligor
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Fegan 3, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - T I Hirsch
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Fegan 3, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - A Pan
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Fegan 3, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - L J Yu
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Fegan 3, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - H Kishikawa
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Fegan 3, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - M M Joiner
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Fegan 3, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - P D Mitchell
- Institutional Centers for Clinical and Translational Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - M Puder
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Fegan 3, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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5
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Zheng F, Pan Y, Yang Y, Zeng C, Fang X, Shu Q, Chen Q. Novel biomarkers for acute respiratory distress syndrome: genetics, epigenetics and transcriptomics. Biomark Med 2022; 16:217-231. [PMID: 35026957 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2021-0749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) can be induced by multiple clinical factors, including sepsis, acute pancreatitis, trauma, intestinal ischemia/reperfusion and burns. However, these factors alone may poorly explain the risk and outcomes of ARDS. Emerging evidence suggests that genomic-based or transcriptomic-based biomarkers may hold the promise to establish predictive or prognostic stratification methods for ARDS, and also to help in developing novel therapeutic targets for ARDS. Notably, genetic/epigenetic variations correlated with susceptibility and prognosis of ARDS and circulating microRNAs have emerged as potential biomarkers for diagnosis or prognosis of ARDS. Although limited by sample size, ethnicity and phenotypic heterogeneity, ongoing genetic/transcriptomic research contributes to the characterization of novel biomarkers and ultimately helps to develop innovative therapeutics for ARDS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zheng
- Department of Clinical Research Center, The Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, 310052, China
| | - Yihang Pan
- Department of Clinical Research Center, The Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, 310052, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, The Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Congli Zeng
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care & Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Xiangming Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Qiang Shu
- Department of Clinical Research Center, The Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, 310052, China
| | - Qixing Chen
- Department of Clinical Research Center, The Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, 310052, China
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Balberova OV, Bykov EV, Shnayder NA, Petrova MM, Gavrilyuk OA, Kaskaeva DS, Soloveva IA, Petrov KV, Mozheyko EY, Medvedev GV, Nasyrova RF. The "Angiogenic Switch" and Functional Resources in Cyclic Sports Athletes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126496. [PMID: 34204341 PMCID: PMC8234968 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Regular physical activity in cyclic sports can influence the so-called “angiogenic switch”, which is considered as an imbalance between proangiogenic and anti-angiogenic molecules. Disruption of the synthesis of angiogenic molecules can be caused by local changes in tissues under the influence of excessive physical exertion and its consequences, such as chronic oxidative stress and associated hypoxia, metabolic acidosis, sports injuries, etc. A review of publications on signaling pathways that activate and inhibit angiogenesis in skeletal muscles, myocardium, lung, and nervous tissue under the influence of intense physical activity in cyclic sports. Materials: We searched PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Clinical keys, and e-LIBRARY databases for full-text articles published from 2000 to 2020, using keywords and their combinations. Results: An important aspect of adaptation to training loads in cyclic sports is an increase in the number of capillaries in muscle fibers, which improves the metabolism of skeletal muscles and myocardium, as well as nervous and lung tissue. Recent studies have shown that myocardial endothelial cells not only respond to hemodynamic forces and paracrine signals from neighboring cells, but also take an active part in heart remodeling processes, stimulating the growth and contractility of cardiomyocytes or the production of extracellular matrix proteins in myofibroblasts. As myocardial vascularization plays a central role in the transition from adaptive heart hypertrophy to heart failure, further study of the signaling mechanisms involved in the regulation of angiogenesis in the myocardium is important in sports practice. The study of the “angiogenic switch” problem in the cerebrovascular and cardiovascular systems allows us to claim that the formation of new vessels is mediated by a complex interaction of all growth factors. Although the lungs are one of the limiting systems of the body in cyclic sports, their response to high-intensity loads and other environmental stresses is often overlooked. Airway epithelial cells are the predominant source of several growth factors throughout lung organogenesis and appear to be critical for normal alveolarization, rapid alveolar proliferation, and normal vascular development. There are many controversial questions about the role of growth factors in the physiology and pathology of the lungs. The presented review has demonstrated that when doing sports, it is necessary to give a careful consideration to the possible positive and negative effects of growth factors on muscles, myocardium, lung tissue, and brain. Primarily, the “angiogenic switch” is important in aerobic sports (long distance running). Conclusions: Angiogenesis is a physiological process of the formation of new blood capillaries, which play an important role in the functioning of skeletal muscles, myocardium, lung, and nervous tissue in athletes. Violation of the “angiogenic switch” as a balance between proangiogenic and anti-angiogenic molecules can lead to a decrease in the functional resources of the nervous, musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, and respiratory systems in athletes and, as a consequence, to a decrease in sports performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga V. Balberova
- Research Institute of Olympic Sports, Ural State University of Physical Culture, 454091 Chelyabinsk, Russia;
- Correspondence: (O.V.B.); (N.A.S.); (R.F.N.)
| | - Evgeny V. Bykov
- Research Institute of Olympic Sports, Ural State University of Physical Culture, 454091 Chelyabinsk, Russia;
| | - Natalia A. Shnayder
- V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Center for Neurology and Psychiatry, Department of Personalized Psychiatry and Neurology, 192019 Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Department of Outpatient Therapy and Family Medicine with a Postgraduate Course, Shared Core Facilities Molecular and Cell Technologies, Professor V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (M.M.P.); (D.S.K.)
- Correspondence: (O.V.B.); (N.A.S.); (R.F.N.)
| | - Marina M. Petrova
- Department of Outpatient Therapy and Family Medicine with a Postgraduate Course, Shared Core Facilities Molecular and Cell Technologies, Professor V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (M.M.P.); (D.S.K.)
| | - Oksana A. Gavrilyuk
- The Department of Polyclinic Therapy and Family Medicine and Healthy Lifesttyle with a Course of PE, V. F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia;
| | - Daria S. Kaskaeva
- Department of Outpatient Therapy and Family Medicine with a Postgraduate Course, Shared Core Facilities Molecular and Cell Technologies, Professor V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (M.M.P.); (D.S.K.)
| | - Irina A. Soloveva
- Department of Hospital Therapy and Immunology with a Postgraduate Course, Shared Core Facilities Molecular and Cell Technologies, Professor V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia;
| | - Kirill V. Petrov
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine with a Postgraduate Course, Shared Core Facilities Molecular and Cell Technologies, Professor V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (K.V.P.); (E.Y.M.)
| | - Elena Y. Mozheyko
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine with a Postgraduate Course, Shared Core Facilities Molecular and Cell Technologies, Professor V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (K.V.P.); (E.Y.M.)
| | - German V. Medvedev
- R. R. Vreden National Medical Research Center for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Department of Hand Surgery with Microsurgical Equipment, 195427 Saint-Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Regina F. Nasyrova
- V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Center for Neurology and Psychiatry, Department of Personalized Psychiatry and Neurology, 192019 Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Correspondence: (O.V.B.); (N.A.S.); (R.F.N.)
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Lin CK, Huang TH, Yang CT, Shi CS. Roles of lung-recruited monocytes and pulmonary Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) in resolving Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury (VILI). PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248959. [PMID: 33740009 PMCID: PMC7978382 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Monocytes and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) have profound effects on tissue injury and repair. In ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI), monocytes, the majority of which are Ly6C+high, and VEGF are known to initiate lung injury. However, their roles in post-VILI lung repair remain unclear. In this study, we used a two-hit mouse model of VILI to identify the phenotypes of monocytes recruited to the lungs during the resolution of VILI and investigated the contributions of monocytes and VEGF to lung repair. We found that the lung-recruited monocytes were predominantly Ly6C+low from day 1 after the insult. Meanwhile, contrary to inflammatory cytokines, pulmonary VEGF decreased upon VILI but subsequently increased significantly on days 7 and 14 after the injury. There was a strong positive correlation between VEGF expression and proliferation of alveolar epithelial cells in lung sections. The expression pattern of VEGF mRNA in lung-recruited monocytes was similar to that of pulmonary VEGF proteins, and the depletion of monocytes significantly suppressed the increase of pulmonary VEGF proteins on days 7 and 14 after VILI. In conclusion, during recovery from VILI, the temporal expression patterns of pulmonary growth factors are different from those of inflammatory cytokines, and the restoration of pulmonary VEGF by monocytes, which are mostly Ly6C+low, is associated with pulmonary epithelial proliferation. Lung-recruited monocytes and pulmonary VEGF may play crucial roles in post-VILI lung repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Kuo Lin
- Division of Pulmonary Infection and Critical Care, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Puzi City, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hsiung Huang
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Puzi City, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ta Yang
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Taoyuan Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Sheng Shi
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Puzi City, Taiwan
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8
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Alon R, Sportiello M, Kozlovski S, Kumar A, Reilly EC, Zarbock A, Garbi N, Topham DJ. Leukocyte trafficking to the lungs and beyond: lessons from influenza for COVID-19. Nat Rev Immunol 2021; 21:49-64. [PMID: 33214719 PMCID: PMC7675406 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-020-00470-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Understanding of the fundamental processes underlying the versatile clinical manifestations of COVID-19 is incomplete without comprehension of how different immune cells are recruited to various compartments of virus-infected lungs, and how this recruitment differs among individuals with different levels of disease severity. As in other respiratory infections, leukocyte recruitment to the respiratory system in people with COVID-19 is orchestrated by specific leukocyte trafficking molecules, and when uncontrolled and excessive it results in various pathological complications, both in the lungs and in other organs. In the absence of experimental data from physiologically relevant animal models, our knowledge of the trafficking signals displayed by distinct vascular beds and epithelial cell layers in response to infection by SARS-CoV-2 is still incomplete. However, SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus elicit partially conserved inflammatory responses in the different respiratory epithelial cells encountered early in infection and may trigger partially overlapping combinations of trafficking signals in nearby blood vessels. Here, we review the molecular signals orchestrating leukocyte trafficking to airway and lung compartments during primary pneumotropic influenza virus infections and discuss potential similarities to distinct courses of primary SARS-CoV-2 infections. We also discuss how an imbalance in vascular activation by leukocytes outside the airways and lungs may contribute to extrapulmonary inflammatory complications in subsets of patients with COVID-19. These multiple molecular pathways are potential targets for therapeutic interventions in patients with severe COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronen Alon
- Department of Immunology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
| | - Mike Sportiello
- David H. Smith Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Stav Kozlovski
- Department of Immunology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ashwin Kumar
- David H. Smith Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Emma C Reilly
- David H. Smith Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Alexander Zarbock
- Department of Cellular Immunology, Institute of Experimental Immunology Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Natalio Garbi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - David J Topham
- David H. Smith Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
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9
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Vassiliou AG, Kotanidou A, Dimopoulou I, Orfanos SE. Endothelial Damage in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228793. [PMID: 33233715 PMCID: PMC7699909 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The pulmonary endothelium is a metabolically active continuous monolayer of squamous endothelial cells that internally lines blood vessels and mediates key processes involved in lung homoeostasis. Many of these processes are disrupted in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which is marked among others by diffuse endothelial injury, intense activation of the coagulation system and increased capillary permeability. Most commonly occurring in the setting of sepsis, ARDS is a devastating illness, associated with increased morbidity and mortality and no effective pharmacological treatment. Endothelial cell damage has an important role in the pathogenesis of ARDS and several biomarkers of endothelial damage have been tested in determining prognosis. By further understanding the endothelial pathobiology, development of endothelial-specific therapeutics might arise. In this review, we will discuss the underlying pathology of endothelial dysfunction leading to ARDS and emerging therapies. Furthermore, we will present a brief overview demonstrating that endotheliopathy is an important feature of hospitalised patients with coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice G. Vassiliou
- 1st Department of Critical Care Medicine & Pulmonary Services, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, 106 76 Athens, Greece; (A.G.V.); (A.K.); (I.D.)
| | - Anastasia Kotanidou
- 1st Department of Critical Care Medicine & Pulmonary Services, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, 106 76 Athens, Greece; (A.G.V.); (A.K.); (I.D.)
| | - Ioanna Dimopoulou
- 1st Department of Critical Care Medicine & Pulmonary Services, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, 106 76 Athens, Greece; (A.G.V.); (A.K.); (I.D.)
| | - Stylianos E. Orfanos
- 1st Department of Critical Care Medicine & Pulmonary Services, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, 106 76 Athens, Greece; (A.G.V.); (A.K.); (I.D.)
- 2nd Department of Critical Care, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon Hospital, 124 62 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +30-2107-235-521
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10
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Li N, Geng C, Hou S, Fan H, Gong Y. Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns and Their Signaling Pathways in Primary Blast Lung Injury: New Research Progress and Future Directions. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176303. [PMID: 32878118 PMCID: PMC7504526 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary blast lung injury (PBLI) is a common cause of casualties in wars, terrorist attacks, and explosions. It can exist in the absence of any other outward signs of trauma, and further develop into acute lung injury (ALI) or a more severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The pathogenesis of PBLI at the cellular and molecular level has not been clear. Damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) is a general term for endogenous danger signals released by the body after injury, including intracellular protein molecules (HMGB1, histones, s100s, heat shock proteins, eCIRP, etc.), secretory protein factors (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, VEGF, complements, etc.), purines and pyrimidines and their derived degradation products (nucleic acids, ATP, ADP, UDPG, uric acid, etc.), and extracellular matrix components (hyaluronic acid, fibronectin, heparin sulfate, biglycan, etc.). DAMPs can be detected by multiple receptors including pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). The study of DAMPs and their related signaling pathways, such as the mtDNA-triggered cGAS-YAP pathway, contributes to revealing the molecular mechanism of PBLI, and provides new therapeutic targets for controlling inflammatory diseases and alleviating their symptoms. In this review, we focus on the recent progress of research on DAMPs and their signaling pathways, as well as the potential therapeutic targets and future research directions in PBLI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- Institute of Disaster Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (N.L.); (C.G.); (S.H.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Chenhao Geng
- Institute of Disaster Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (N.L.); (C.G.); (S.H.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Shike Hou
- Institute of Disaster Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (N.L.); (C.G.); (S.H.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Haojun Fan
- Institute of Disaster Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (N.L.); (C.G.); (S.H.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin 300072, China
- Correspondence: (H.F.); (Y.G.)
| | - Yanhua Gong
- Institute of Disaster Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (N.L.); (C.G.); (S.H.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin 300072, China
- Correspondence: (H.F.); (Y.G.)
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11
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Camp SM, Marciniak A, Chiang ET, Garcia AN, Bittman R, Polt R, Perez RG, Dudek SM, Garcia JGN. Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor-independent lung endothelial cell barrier disruption induced by FTY720 regioisomers. Pulm Circ 2020; 10:10.1177_2045894020905521. [PMID: 32095229 PMCID: PMC7011338 DOI: 10.1177/2045894020905521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Vascular permeability is a hallmark of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and ventilator-induced lung injury pathobiology; however, the mechanisms underlying this vascular dysregulation remain unclear, thereby impairing the development of desperately needed effective therapeutics. We have shown that sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and 2-amino-2-(2-[4-octylphenyl]ethyl)-1,3-propanediol (FTY720) analogues are useful tools for exploring vascular barrier regulation mechanisms. OBJECTIVE To experimentally define the effects of FTY720 regioisomers on lung endothelial cell barrier regulation. METHODS Specific barrier-regulatory receptor and kinase inhibitors were utilized to probe signaling mechanisms involved in FTY720 regioisomer-mediated human lung endothelial cell barrier responses (trans-endothelial electrical resistance, TER). Docking simulations with the S1P1 receptor were performed to further evaluate FTY720 regioisomer signaling. RESULTS FTY720 regioisomers produced potent endothelial cell barrier disruption reflected by declines in TER alterations. Pharmacologic inhibition of Gi-coupled S1P receptors (S1P1, S1P2, S1P3) failed to alter FTY720 regioisomer-mediated barrier disruption; findings that were corroborated by docking simulations demonstrating FTY720 regiosomers were repelled from S1P1 docking, in contrast to strong S1P1 binding elicited by S1P. Inhibition of either the barrier-disrupting PAR-1 receptor, the VEGF receptor, Rho-kinase, MAPK, NFkB, or PI3K failed to alter FTY720 regioisomer-induced endothelial cell barrier disruption. While FTY720 regioisomers significantly increased protein phosphatase 2 (PP2A) activity, PP2A inhibitors failed to alter FTY720 regioisomer-induced endothelial cell barrier disruption. CONCLUSIONS Together, these results imply a vexing model of pulmonary vascular barrier dysregulation in response to FTY720-related compounds and highlight the need for further insights into mechanisms of vascular integrity required to promote the development of novel therapeutic tools to prevent or reverse the pulmonary vascular leak central to ARDS outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M. Camp
- Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Alexander Marciniak
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Eddie T. Chiang
- Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Alexander N. Garcia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Robert Bittman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Queens College of the City University of New York, Flushing, NY, USA
| | - Robin Polt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Ruth G. Perez
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Center of Emphasis in Neuroscience, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Steven M. Dudek
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joe G. N. Garcia
- Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
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12
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Bates DO, Beazley-Long N, Benest AV, Ye X, Ved N, Hulse RP, Barratt S, Machado MJ, Donaldson LF, Harper SJ, Peiris-Pages M, Tortonese DJ, Oltean S, Foster RR. Physiological Role of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors as Homeostatic Regulators. Compr Physiol 2018; 8:955-979. [PMID: 29978898 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c170015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family of proteins are key regulators of physiological systems. Originally linked with endothelial function, they have since become understood to be principal regulators of multiple tissues, both through their actions on vascular cells, but also through direct actions on other tissue types, including epithelial cells, neurons, and the immune system. The complexity of the five members of the gene family in terms of their different splice isoforms, differential translation, and specific localizations have enabled tissues to use these potent signaling molecules to control how they function to maintain their environment. This homeostatic function of VEGFs has been less intensely studied than their involvement in disease processes, development, and reproduction, but they still play a substantial and significant role in healthy control of blood volume and pressure, interstitial volume and drainage, renal and lung function, immunity, and signal processing in the peripheral and central nervous system. The widespread expression of VEGFs in healthy adult tissues, and the disturbances seen when VEGF signaling is inhibited support this view of the proteins as endogenous regulators of normal physiological function. This review summarizes the evidence and recent breakthroughs in understanding of the physiology that is regulated by VEGF, with emphasis on the role they play in maintaining homeostasis. © 2017 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 8:955-979, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- David O Bates
- Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | | | - Andrew V Benest
- Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Xi Ye
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Nikita Ved
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Richard P Hulse
- Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Shaney Barratt
- Academic Respiratory Unit, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Maria J Machado
- Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Lucy F Donaldson
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Steven J Harper
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology & Neuroscience, Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Peiris-Pages
- Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Domingo J Tortonese
- Centre for Comparative and Clinical Anatomy, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Sebastian Oltean
- Institute of Biomedical & Clinical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca R Foster
- Bristol Renal, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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13
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VEGF (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor) and Fibrotic Lung Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19051269. [PMID: 29695053 PMCID: PMC5983653 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Interstitial lung disease (ILD) encompasses a group of heterogeneous diseases characterised by varying degrees of aberrant inflammation and fibrosis of the lung parenchyma. This may occur in isolation, such as in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) or as part of a wider disease process affecting multiple organs, such as in systemic sclerosis. Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (anti-VEGF) therapy is one component of an existing broad-spectrum therapeutic option in IPF (nintedanib) and may become part of the emerging therapeutic strategy for other ILDs in the future. This article describes our current understanding of VEGF biology in normal lung homeostasis and how changes in its bioavailability may contribute the pathogenesis of ILD. The complexity of VEGF biology is particularly highlighted with an emphasis on the potential non-vascular, non-angiogenic roles for VEGF in the lung, in both health and disease.
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14
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Ourradi K, Blythe T, Jarrett C, Barratt SL, Welsh GI, Millar AB. VEGF isoforms have differential effects on permeability of human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells. Respir Res 2017; 18:116. [PMID: 28578669 PMCID: PMC5457598 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-017-0602-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alternative splicing of Vascular endothelial growth factor-A mRNA transcripts (commonly referred as VEGF) leads to the generation of functionally differing isoforms, the relative amounts of which have potentially significant physiological outcomes in conditions such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The effect of such isoforms on pulmonary vascular permeability is unknown. We hypothesised that VEGF165a and VEGF165b isoforms would have differing effects on pulmonary vascular permeability caused by differential activation of intercellular signal transduction pathways. METHOD To test this hypothesis we investigated the physiological effect of VEGF165a and VEGF165b on Human Pulmonary Microvascular Endothelial Cell (HPMEC) permeability using three different methods: trans-endothelial electrical resistance (TEER), Electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) and FITC-BSA passage. In addition, potential downstream signalling pathways of the VEGF isoforms were investigated by Western blotting and the use of specific signalling inhibitors. RESULTS VEGF165a increased HPMEC permeability using all three methods (paracellular and transcellular) and led to associated VE-cadherin and actin stress fibre changes. In contrast, VEGF165b decreased paracellular permeability and did not induce changes in VE-cadherin cell distribution. Furthermore, VEGF165a and VEGF165b had differing effects on both the phosphorylation of VEGF receptors and downstream signalling proteins pMEK, p42/44MAPK, p38 MAPK, pAKT and peNOS. Interestingly specific inhibition of the pMEK, p38 MAPK, PI3 kinase and eNOS pathways blocked the effects of both VEGF165a and VEGF165b on paracellular permeability and the effect of VEGF165a on proliferation/migration, suggesting that this difference in cellular response is mediated by an as yet unidentified signalling pathway(s). CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that the novel isoform VEGF165a and VEGF165b induce differing effects on permeability in pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadija Ourradi
- Academic Respiratory Unit, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Thomas Blythe
- Academic Respiratory Unit, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Caroline Jarrett
- Academic Respiratory Unit, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Shaney L Barratt
- Academic Respiratory Unit, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Gavin I Welsh
- Bristol Renal, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bistol, UK
| | - Ann B Millar
- Academic Respiratory Unit, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
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15
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Horhat FG, Gundogdu F, David LV, Boia ES, Pirtea L, Horhat R, Cucui-Cozma A, Ciuca I, Diaconu M, Nitu R, Licker M, Horhat DI, Rogobete AF, Moise ML, Tataru C. Early Evaluation and Monitoring of Critical Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) Using Specific Genetic Polymorphisms. Biochem Genet 2017; 55:204-211. [PMID: 28070694 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-016-9787-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A high percentage of critical patients are found to develop acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Several studies have reported high mortality rates in these cases which are most frequently associated with multiple organ dysfunctions syndrome. Lately, many efforts have been made to evaluate and monitor ARDS in critical patients. In this regard, the assessment of genetic polymorphisms responsible for developing ARDS present as a challenge and are considered future biomarkers. Early detection of the specific polymorphic gene responsible for ARDS in critically ill patients can prove to be a useful tool in the future, able to help decrease the mortality rates in these cases. Moreover, identifying the genetic polymorphism in these patients can help in the implementation of a personalized intensive therapy scheme for every type of patient, based on its genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florin G Horhat
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Fuat Gundogdu
- Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Laurentiu V David
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Eugen S Boia
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Laurentiu Pirtea
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Razvan Horhat
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Alexandru Cucui-Cozma
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ioana Ciuca
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Mircea Diaconu
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Razvan Nitu
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Monica Licker
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Delia I Horhat
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Alexandru F Rogobete
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania. .,Clinic of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Emergency County Hospital "Pius Brinzeu", Timisoara, Romania.
| | - Marius L Moise
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Calin Tataru
- Faculty of Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine, Bucharest, Romania
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16
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Sharp C, Millar AB, Medford ARL. Advances in understanding of the pathogenesis of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Respiration 2015; 89:420-34. [PMID: 25925331 DOI: 10.1159/000381102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical syndrome of acute lung injury (ALI) occurs as a result of an initial acute systemic inflammatory response. This can be consequent to a plethora of insults, either direct to the lung or indirect. The insult results in increased epithelial permeability, leading to alveolar flooding with a protein-rich oedema fluid. The resulting loss of gas exchange leads to acute respiratory failure and typically catastrophic illness, termed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), requiring ventilatory and critical care support. There remains a significant disease burden, with some estimates showing 200,000 cases each year in the USA with a mortality approaching 50%. In addition, there is a significant burden of morbidity in survivors. There are currently no disease-modifying therapies available, and the most effective advances in caring for these patients have been in changes to ventilator strategy as a result of the ARDS network studies nearly 15 years ago. Here, we will give an overview of more recent advances in the understanding of the cellular biology of ALI and highlight areas that may prove fertile for future disease-modifying therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Sharp
- Academic Respiratory Unit, University of Bristol, Southmead Hospital, Westbury-on-Trym, UK
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17
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Barratt S, Medford AR, Millar AB. Vascular endothelial growth factor in acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Respiration 2014; 87:329-42. [PMID: 24356493 DOI: 10.1159/000356034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is the most severe form of lung injury, characterised by alveolar oedema and vascular permeability, in part due to disruption of the alveolar capillary membrane integrity. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was originally identified as a vascular permeability factor and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury/ARDS. This review describes our current knowledge of VEGF biology and summarises the literature investigating the potential role VEGF may play in normal lung maintenance and in the development of lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Barratt
- Academic Respiratory Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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18
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McLoughlin P, Keane MP. Physiological and pathological angiogenesis in the adult pulmonary circulation. Compr Physiol 2013; 1:1473-508. [PMID: 23733650 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c100034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis occurs during growth and physiological adaptation in many systemic organs, for example, exercise-induced skeletal and cardiac muscle hypertrophy, ovulation, and tissue repair. Disordered angiogenesis contributes to chronic inflammatory disease processes and to tumor growth and metastasis. Although it was previously thought that the adult pulmonary circulation was incapable of supporting new vessel growth, over that past 10 years new data have shown that angiogenesis within this circulation occurs both during physiological adaptive processes and as part of the pathogenic mechanisms of lung diseases. Here we review the expression of vascular growth factors in the adult lung, their essential role in pulmonary vascular homeostasis and the changes in their expression that occur in response to physiological challenges and in disease. We consider the evidence for adaptive neovascularization in the pulmonary circulation in response to alveolar hypoxia and during lung growth following pneumonectomy in the adult lung. In addition, we review the role of disordered angiogenesis in specific lung diseases including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, acute adult distress syndrome and both primary and metastatic tumors of the lung. Finally, we examine recent experimental data showing that therapeutic enhancement of pulmonary angiogenesis has the potential to treat lung diseases characterized by vessel loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul McLoughlin
- University College Dublin, School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Conway Institute, and St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
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19
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Abstract
Cytokines and growth factors play an integral role in the maintenance of immune homeostasis, the generation of protective immunity, and lung reparative processes. However, the dysregulated expression of cytokines and growth factors in response to infectious or noxious insults can initiate and perpetuate deleterious lung inflammation and fibroproliferation. In this article, we will comprehensively review the contribution of individual cytokines and growth factors and cytokine networks to key pathophysiological events in human and experimental acute lung injury (ALI), including inflammatory cell recruitment and activation, alveolar epithelial injury and repair, angiogenesis, and matrix deposition and remodeling. The application of cytokines/growth factors as prognostic indicators and therapeutic targets in human ALI is explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane C Deng
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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20
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Kim JY, Hildebrandt MAT, Pu X, Ye Y, Correa AM, Vaporciyan AA, Wu X, Roth JA. Variations in the vascular endothelial growth factor pathway predict pulmonary complications. Ann Thorac Surg 2012; 94:1079-84; discussion 1084-5. [PMID: 22795057 PMCID: PMC3466075 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2012.05.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2012] [Revised: 05/06/2012] [Accepted: 05/11/2012] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical factors predicting pulmonary complications after lung resection have been well described, whereas the role of genetics is unknown. The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling pathway has been linked to acute lung injury. We hypothesized that genetic variations in this pathway may be associated with postoperative pulmonary complications after lung resection. METHODS One hundred ninety-six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 17 genes in the VEGF pathway were genotyped in a discovery set of 264 patients and a replication set of 264 patients who underwent lobectomy for lung cancer. Multivariable analysis adjusting for baseline clinical factors was used to identify SNPs associated with pulmonary complications. Cumulative and classification and regression tree (CART) analyses were used to further stratify risk groups. RESULTS The overall number of pulmonary complications was 164/528 (31%). The effects of 6 SNPs were consistent in the discovery and replication sets (pooled p value<0.05). The rs9319425 SNP in the VEGF receptor gene FLT1 resulted in a 1.50-fold increased risk (1.15-1.96; p=0.003). A cumulative effect for the number of risk genotypes and complications was also evident (p<0.01). Patients carrying 5 risk genotypes had a 5.76-fold increase in risk (2.73-12.16; p=4.44×10(-6)). Regression tree analysis identified potential gene-gene interactions between FLT1:rs9319425 and RAF1:rs713178. The addition of the 6 SNPs to the clinical model increased the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve by 6.8%. CONCLUSIONS Genetic variations in the VEGF pathway are associated with risk of pulmonary complications after lobectomy. This may offer insight into the underlying biological mechanisms of pulmonary complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Y Kim
- City of Hope National Cancer Center, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Duarte, California 91010, USA.
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21
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Fang X, Bai C, Wang X. Bioinformatics insights into acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome. Clin Transl Med 2012; 1:9. [PMID: 23369517 PMCID: PMC3560991 DOI: 10.1186/2001-1326-1-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2012] [Accepted: 05/23/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioinformatics is the application of omics science, information technology, mathematics and statistics in the field of biomarker detection. Clinical bioinformatics can be applied for identification and validation of new biomarkers to improve current methods of monitoring disease activity and identify new therapeutic targets. Acute lung injurt (ALI)/Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) affects a large number of patients with a poor prognosis. The present review mainly focused on the progress in understanding disease heterogeneity through the use of evolving biological, genomic, and genetic approaches and the role of clinical bioinformatics in the pathogenesis and treatment of ALI/ARDS. The remarkable advances in clinical bioinformatics can be a new way for understanding disease pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocong Fang
- Department of Pulmonary MedicineZhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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22
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Studies of vascular endothelial growth factor in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2012; 8:512-5. [PMID: 22052929 DOI: 10.1513/pats.201102-018mw] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a potent stimulator of vascular angiogenesis, permeability, and remodeling that also plays important roles in wound healing and tissue cytoprotection. To begin to define the roles of VEGF in diseases like asthma and COPD, we characterized the effects of lung-targeted transgenic VEGF(165) and defined the innate immune pathways that regulate VEGF tissue responses. The former studies demonstrated that VEGF plays an important role in Th2 inflammation because, in addition to stimulating angiogenesis and edema, VEGF induced eosinophilic inflammation, mucus metaplasia, subepithelial fibrosis, myocyte hyperplasia, dendritic cell activation, and airways hyperresponsiveness via IL-13-dependent and -independent mechanisms. VEGF was also produced at sites of aeroallergen-induced Th2 inflammation, and VEGF receptor blockade ameliorated adaptive Th2 inflammation and Th2 cytokine elaboration. The latter studies demonstrated that activation of the RIG-like helicase (RLH) innate immune pathway using viral pathogen-associated molecular patterns such as Poly(I:C) or viruses ameliorated VEGF-induced tissue responses. In accord with these findings, Poly(I:C)-induced RLH activation also abrogated aeroallergen-induced Th2 inflammation. When viewed in combination, these studies suggest that VEGF excess can contribute to the pathogenesis of Th2 inflammatory disorders such as asthma and that abrogation of VEGF signaling via RLH activation can contribute to the pathogenesis of viral disorders such as virus-induced COPD exacerbations. They also suggest that RLH activation may be a useful therapeutic strategy in asthma and related disorders.
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Zhou T, Garcia JG, Zhang W. Integrating microRNAs into a system biology approach to acute lung injury. Transl Res 2011; 157:180-90. [PMID: 21420028 PMCID: PMC3073780 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2011.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2010] [Revised: 01/15/2011] [Accepted: 01/18/2011] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI), including the ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) and the more severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), are common and complex inflammatory lung diseases potentially affected by various genetic and nongenetic factors. Using the candidate gene approach, genetic variants associated with immune response and inflammatory pathways have been identified and implicated in ALI. Because gene expression is an intermediate phenotype that resides between the DNA sequence variation and the higher level cellular or whole-body phenotypes, the illustration of gene expression regulatory networks potentially could enhance understanding of disease susceptibility and the development of inflammatory lung syndromes. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as a novel class of gene regulators that play critical roles in complex diseases including ALI. Comparisons of global miRNA profiles in animal models of ALI and VILI identified several miRNAs (eg, miR-146a and miR-155) previously implicated in immune response and inflammatory pathways. Therefore, via regulation of target genes in these biological processes and pathways, miRNAs potentially contribute to the development of ALI. Although this line of inquiry exists at a nascent stage, miRNAs have the potential to be critical components of a comprehensive model for inflammatory lung disease built by a systems biology approach that integrates genetic, genomic, proteomic, epigenetic as well as environmental stimuli information. Given their particularly recognized role in regulation of immune and inflammatory responses, miRNAs also serve as novel therapeutic targets and biomarkers for ALI/ARDS or VILI, thus facilitating the realization of personalized medicine for individuals with acute inflammatory lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhou
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Institute for Personalized Respiratory Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Joe G.N. Garcia
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Institute for Personalized Respiratory Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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Ma B, Dela Cruz CS, Hartl D, Kang MJ, Takyar S, Homer RJ, Lee CG, Elias JA. RIG-like helicase innate immunity inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor tissue responses via a type I IFN-dependent mechanism. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2011; 183:1322-35. [PMID: 21278304 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201008-1276oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) regulates vascular, inflammatory, remodeling, and cell death responses. It plays a critical role in normal pulmonary physiology, and VEGF excess and deficiency have been implicated in the pathogenesis of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, respectively. Although viruses are an important cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations and innate responses play an important role in these exacerbations, the effects of antiviral responses on VEGF homeostasis have not been evaluated. OBJECTIVES We hypothesized that antiviral innate immunity regulates VEGF tissue responses. METHODS We compared the effects of transgenic VEGF(165) in mice treated with viral pathogen-associated molecular pattern polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)], mice treated with live virus, and control mice. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Transgenic VEGF stimulated angiogenesis, edema, inflammation, and mucin accumulation. Each of these was abrogated by poly(I:C). These inhibitory effects were dose dependent, noted when poly(I:C) was administered before and after transgene activation, and mediated by a Toll-like receptor-3-independent and RIG-like helicase (RLH)- and type I IFN receptor-dependent pathway. VEGF stimulated the expression of VEGF receptor-1 and poly(I:C) inhibited this stimulation. Poly(I:C) also inhibited the ability of VEGF to activate extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1, Akt, focal adhesion kinase, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase, and aeroallergen-induced adaptive helper T-cell type 2 inflammation. Influenza and respiratory syncytial virus also inhibited VEGF-induced angiogenesis. CONCLUSIONS These studies demonstrate that poly(I:C) and respiratory viruses inhibit VEGF-induced tissue responses and adaptive helper T-cell type 2 inflammation and highlight the importance of a RLH- and type I IFN receptor-dependent pathway(s) in these regulatory events. They define a novel link between VEGF and antiviral and RLH innate immune responses and a novel pathway that regulates pulmonary VEGF activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Ma
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
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Gurzu S, Jung I, Azamfirei L, Shin BY, Solomon R, Demian D, Kovacs J, Kim HK. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Bioactivity and Its Receptors in Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. KOREAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2011. [DOI: 10.4132/koreanjpathol.2011.45.2.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Simona Gurzu
- Department of Pathology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Targu-Mures, Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Ioan Jung
- Department of Pathology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Targu-Mures, Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Leonard Azamfirei
- Department of Intensive Care, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Targu-Mures, Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Bong Young Shin
- Department of Pathology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Raluca Solomon
- Department of Intensive Care, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Targu-Mures, Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Daria Demian
- Department of Pathology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Targu-Mures, Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Judith Kovacs
- Department of Intensive Care, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Targu-Mures, Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Han Kyeom Kim
- Department of Pathology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Varet J, Douglas SK, Gilmartin L, Medford ARL, Bates DO, Harper SJ, Millar AB. VEGF in the lung: a role for novel isoforms. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2010; 298:L768-74. [PMID: 20228180 PMCID: PMC2886605 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00353.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2009] [Accepted: 03/12/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) is a potent mitogen and permogen that increases in the plasma and decreases in the alveolar space in respiratory diseases such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). This observation has led to controversy over the role of this potent molecule in lung physiology and disease. We hypothesized that some of the VEGF previously detected in normal lung may be of the anti-angiogenic family (VEGF(xxx)b) with significant potential effects on VEGF bioactivity. VEGF(xxx)b protein expression was assessed by indirect immunohistochemistry in normal and ARDS tissue. Expression of VEGF(xxx)b was also detected by immunoblotting in normal lung tissue, primary human alveolar type II (ATII) cells, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid in normal subjects and by ELISA in normal, "at risk," and ARDS subjects. The effect of VEGF(165) and VEGF(165)b on both human primary endothelial cells and alveolar epithelial cell proliferation was assessed by [(3)H]thymidine uptake. We found that VEGF(165)b was widely expressed in normal healthy lung tissue but is reduced in ARDS lung. VEGF(121)b and VEGF(165)b were present in whole lung, BAL, and ATII lysate. The proliferative effect of VEGF(165) on both human primary endothelial cells and human alveolar epithelial cells was significantly inhibited by VEGF(165)b (P < 0.01). These data demonstrate that the novel VEGF(xxx)b family members are expressed in normal lung and are reduced in ARDS. A specific functional effect on primary human endothelial and alveolar epithelial cells has also been shown. These data suggest that the VEGF(xxx)b family may have a role in repair after lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Varet
- Lung Research Group, Department of Clinical Science at North Bristol, University of Bristol Paul O'Gorman Lifeline Centre, Southmead Hospital, Westbury-on-Trym; and
- Microvascular Research Laboratories, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Samantha K. Douglas
- Lung Research Group, Department of Clinical Science at North Bristol, University of Bristol Paul O'Gorman Lifeline Centre, Southmead Hospital, Westbury-on-Trym; and
| | - Laura Gilmartin
- Lung Research Group, Department of Clinical Science at North Bristol, University of Bristol Paul O'Gorman Lifeline Centre, Southmead Hospital, Westbury-on-Trym; and
- Microvascular Research Laboratories, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew R. L. Medford
- Lung Research Group, Department of Clinical Science at North Bristol, University of Bristol Paul O'Gorman Lifeline Centre, Southmead Hospital, Westbury-on-Trym; and
| | - David O. Bates
- Microvascular Research Laboratories, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Steven J. Harper
- Microvascular Research Laboratories, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Ann B. Millar
- Lung Research Group, Department of Clinical Science at North Bristol, University of Bristol Paul O'Gorman Lifeline Centre, Southmead Hospital, Westbury-on-Trym; and
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Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Acute Lung Injury. Intensive Care Med 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-5562-3_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Ganguly K, Upadhyay S, Irmler M, Takenaka S, Pukelsheim K, Beckers J, Hamelmann E, Schulz H, Stoeger T. Pathway focused protein profiling indicates differential function for IL-1B, -18 and VEGF during initiation and resolution of lung inflammation evoked by carbon nanoparticle exposure in mice. Part Fibre Toxicol 2009; 6:31. [PMID: 19954533 PMCID: PMC2809500 DOI: 10.1186/1743-8977-6-31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2009] [Accepted: 12/02/2009] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Carbonaceous nanoparticles possess an emerging source of human exposure due to the massive release of combustion products and the ongoing revolution in nanotechnology. Pulmonary inflammation caused by deposited nanoparticles is central for their adverse health effects. Epidemiological studies suggest that individuals with favourable lung physiology are at lower risk for particulate matter associated respiratory diseases probably due to efficient control of inflammation and repair process. Therefore we selected a mouse strain C3H/HeJ (C3) with robust lung physiology and exposed it to moderately toxic carbon nanoparticles (CNP) to study the elicited pulmonary inflammation and its resolution. Methods 5 μg, 20 μg and 50 μg CNP were intratracheally (i.t.) instilled in C3 mice to identify the optimal dose for subsequent time course studies. Pulmonary inflammation was assessed using histology, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) analysis and by a panel of 62 protein markers. Results 1 day after instillation of CNP, C3 mice exhibited a typical dose response, with the lowest dose (5 μg) representing the 'no effect level' as reflected by polymorphonuclear leucocyte (PMN), and BAL/lung concentrations of pro-inflammatory proteins. Histological analysis and BAL-protein concentration did not reveal any evidence of tissue injury in 20 μg CNP instilled animals. Accordingly time course assessment of the inflammatory response was performed after 3 and 7 days with this dose (20 μg). Compared to day 1, BAL PMN counts were significantly decreased at day 3 and completely returned to normal by day 7. We have identified protein markers related to the acute response and also to the time dependent response in lung and BAL. After complete resolution of PMN influx on day 7, we detected elevated concentrations of 20 markers that included IL1B, IL18, FGF2, EDN1, and VEGF in lung and/or BAL. Biological pathway analysis revealed these factors to be involved in a closely regulated molecular cascade with IL1B/IL18 as upstream and FGF2/EDN1/VEGF as downstream molecules. Conclusion Considering the role of VEGF, FGF2 and EDN1 in lung development and morphogenesis together with the lack of any evident tissue damage we suggest a protective/homeostatic machinery to be associated in lungs of stable organisms to counter the CNP challenge as a precautionary measure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koustav Ganguly
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, Neuherberg/Munich, D85764, Germany.
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