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Rathaus M, Azem L, Livne R, Ron S, Ron I, Hadar R, Efroni G, Amir A, Braun T, Haberman Y, Tirosh A. Long-term metabolic effects of non-nutritive sweeteners. Mol Metab 2024:101985. [PMID: 38977130 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2024.101985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Excessive consumption of added sugars has been linked to the rise in obesity and associated metabolic abnormalities. Non-nutritive sweeteners (NNSs) offer a potential solution to reduce sugar intake, yet their metabolic safety remains debated. This study aimed to systematically assess the long-term metabolic effects of commonly used NNSs under both normal and obesogenic conditions. METHODS To ensure consistent sweetness level and controlling for the acceptable daily intake (ADI), eight weeks old C57BL/6 male mice were administered with acesulfame K (ace K, 535.25 mg/L), aspartame (411.75 mg/L), sucralose (179.5 mg/L), saccharin (80 mg/L), or steviol glycoside (Reb M, 536.25 mg/L) in the drinking water, on the background of either regular or high-fat diets (in high fat diet 60% of calories from fat). Water or fructose-sweetened water (82.3.gr/L), were used as controls. Anthropometric and metabolic parameters, as well as microbiome composition, were analyzed following 20-weeks of exposure. RESULTS Under a regular chow diet, chronic NNS consumption did not significantly affect body weight, fat mass, or glucose metabolism as compared to water consumption, with aspartame demonstrating decreased glucose tolerance. In diet-induced obesity, NNS exposure did not increase body weight or alter food intake. Exposure to sucralose and Reb M led to improved insulin sensitivity and decreased weight gain. Reb M specifically was associated with increased prevalence of colonic Lachnospiracea bacteria. CONCLUSIONS Long-term consumption of commonly used NNSs does not induce adverse metabolic effects, with Reb M demonstrating a mild improvement in metabolic abnormalities. These findings provide valuable insights into the metabolic impact of different NNSs, aiding in the development of strategies to combat obesity and related metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moran Rathaus
- The Dalia and David Arabov Endocrinology and Diabetes Research Center, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Loziana Azem
- The Dalia and David Arabov Endocrinology and Diabetes Research Center, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel; Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Rinat Livne
- The Dalia and David Arabov Endocrinology and Diabetes Research Center, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Sophie Ron
- The Dalia and David Arabov Endocrinology and Diabetes Research Center, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel; Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Idit Ron
- The Dalia and David Arabov Endocrinology and Diabetes Research Center, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Rotem Hadar
- Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, affiliated with the Tel-Aviv University, Israel
| | - Gilat Efroni
- Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, affiliated with the Tel-Aviv University, Israel
| | - Amnon Amir
- Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, affiliated with the Tel-Aviv University, Israel
| | - Tzipi Braun
- Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, affiliated with the Tel-Aviv University, Israel
| | - Yael Haberman
- Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, affiliated with the Tel-Aviv University, Israel; Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Amir Tirosh
- The Dalia and David Arabov Endocrinology and Diabetes Research Center, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel; Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
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Sun Y, Liang J, Zhang Z, Sun D, Li H, Chen L. Extraction, physicochemical properties, bioactivities and application of natural sweeteners: A review. Food Chem 2024; 457:140103. [PMID: 38905824 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Natural sweeteners generally refer to a sweet chemical component directly extracted from nature or obtained through appropriate modifications, mainly secondary metabolites of plants. Compared to the first-generation sweeteners represented by sucrose and the second-generation sweeteners represented by sodium cyclamate, natural sweeteners usually have high sweetness, low-calorie content, good solubility, high stability, and rarely toxic side effects. Historically, researchers mainly focus on the function of natural sweeteners as substitutes for sugars in the food industry. This paper reviews the bioactivities of several typical natural sweeteners, including anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-bacterial, and anti-hyperglycemic activities. In addition, we have summarized the extraction, physicochemical properties, and application of natural sweeteners. The article aimed to comprehensively collate vital information about natural sweeteners and review the potentiality of tapping bioactive compounds from natural products. Hopefully, this review provides insights into the further development of natural sweeteners as therapeutic agents and functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyu Sun
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Jing Liang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Zhiruo Zhang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Dejuan Sun
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Hua Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China; Institute of Structural Pharmacology & TCM Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Lixia Chen
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
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Papaefthimiou M, Kontou PI, Bagos PG, Braliou GG. Integration of Antioxidant Activity Assays Data of Stevia Leaf Extracts: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:692. [PMID: 38929131 PMCID: PMC11201069 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13060692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni, a no-calorie natural sweetener, contains a plethora of polyphenols that exert antioxidant properties with potential medicinal significance. Due to the variety of functional groups, polyphenols exhibit varying solubility depending on the nature of the extraction solvents (water, organic, or their mixtures, defined further on as hydroalcoholic extracts). In the present study, we performed a systematic review, following PRISMA guidelines, and meta-analysis, synthesizing all available data from 45 articles encompassing 250 different studies. Our results showed that the total phenolic content (TPC) of hydroalcoholic and aqueous extracts presents higher values (64.77 and 63.73 mg GAE/g) compared to organic extracts (33.39). Total flavonoid content (TFC) was also higher in aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts; meta-regression analysis revealed that outcomes in different measuring units (mg QE/g, mg CE/g, and mg RUE/g) do not present statistically significant differences and can be synthesized in meta-analysis. Using meta-regression analysis, we showed that outcomes from the chemical-based ABTS, FRAP, and ORAC antioxidant assays for the same extract type can be combined in meta-analysis because they do not differ statistically significantly. Meta-analysis of ABTS, FRAP, and ORAC assays outcomes revealed that the antioxidant activity profile of various extract types follows that of their phenolic and flavonoid content. Using regression meta-analysis, we also presented that outcomes from SOD, CAT, and POX enzymatic antioxidant assays are independent of the assay type (p-value = 0.905) and can be combined. Our study constitutes the first effort to quantitatively and statistically synthesize the research results of individual studies using all methods measuring the antioxidant activity of stevia leaf extracts. Our results, in light of evidence-based practice, uncover the need for a broadly accepted, unified, methodological strategy to perform antioxidant tests, and offer documentation that the use of ethanol:water 1:1 mixtures or pure water can more efficiently extract stevia antioxidant compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Papaefthimiou
- Department of Computer Science and Biomedical Informatics, University of Thessaly, 35131 Lamia, Greece; (M.P.); (P.G.B.)
| | | | - Pantelis G. Bagos
- Department of Computer Science and Biomedical Informatics, University of Thessaly, 35131 Lamia, Greece; (M.P.); (P.G.B.)
| | - Georgia G. Braliou
- Department of Computer Science and Biomedical Informatics, University of Thessaly, 35131 Lamia, Greece; (M.P.); (P.G.B.)
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Simoni S, Vangelisti A, Clemente C, Usai G, Santin M, Ventimiglia M, Mascagni F, Natali L, Angelini LG, Cavallini A, Tavarini S, Giordani T. Transcriptomic Analyses Reveal Insights into the Shared Regulatory Network of Phenolic Compounds and Steviol Glycosides in Stevia rebaudiana. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2136. [PMID: 38396813 PMCID: PMC10889303 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) is a highly valuable crop for the steviol glycoside content in its leaves, which are no-calorie sweeteners hundreds of times more potent than sucrose. The presence of health-promoting phenolic compounds, particularly flavonoids, in the leaf of S. rebaudiana adds further nutritional value to this crop. Although all these secondary metabolites are highly desirable in S. rebaudiana leaves, the genes regulating the biosynthesis of phenolic compounds and the shared gene network between the regulation of biosynthesis of steviol glycosides and phenolic compounds still need to be investigated in this species. To identify putative candidate genes involved in the synergistic regulation of steviol glycosides and phenolic compounds, four genotypes with different contents of these compounds were selected for a pairwise comparison RNA-seq analysis, yielding 1136 differentially expressed genes. Genes that highly correlate with both steviol glycosides and phenolic compound accumulation in the four genotypes of S. rebaudiana were identified using the weighted gene co-expression network analysis. The presence of UDP-glycosyltransferases 76G1, 76H1, 85C1, and 91A1, and several genes associated with the phenylpropanoid pathway, including peroxidase, caffeoyl-CoA O-methyltransferase, and malonyl-coenzyme A:anthocyanin 3-O-glucoside-6″-O-malonyltransferase, along with 21 transcription factors like SCL3, WRK11, and MYB111, implied an extensive and synergistic regulatory network involved in enhancing the production of such compounds in S. rebaudiana leaves. In conclusion, this work identified a variety of putative candidate genes involved in the biosynthesis and regulation of particular steviol glycosides and phenolic compounds that will be useful in gene editing strategies for increasing and steering the production of such compounds in S. rebaudiana as well as in other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Simoni
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (DAFE), University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto, 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy (C.C.); (M.S.); (M.V.); (S.T.)
| | - Alberto Vangelisti
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (DAFE), University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto, 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy (C.C.); (M.S.); (M.V.); (S.T.)
| | - Clarissa Clemente
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (DAFE), University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto, 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy (C.C.); (M.S.); (M.V.); (S.T.)
| | - Gabriele Usai
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (DAFE), University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto, 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy (C.C.); (M.S.); (M.V.); (S.T.)
| | - Marco Santin
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (DAFE), University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto, 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy (C.C.); (M.S.); (M.V.); (S.T.)
| | - Maria Ventimiglia
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (DAFE), University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto, 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy (C.C.); (M.S.); (M.V.); (S.T.)
| | - Flavia Mascagni
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (DAFE), University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto, 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy (C.C.); (M.S.); (M.V.); (S.T.)
| | - Lucia Natali
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (DAFE), University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto, 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy (C.C.); (M.S.); (M.V.); (S.T.)
| | - Luciana G. Angelini
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (DAFE), University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto, 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy (C.C.); (M.S.); (M.V.); (S.T.)
- Interdepartmental Research Centre “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health—NUTRAFOOD”, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto, 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Cavallini
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (DAFE), University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto, 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy (C.C.); (M.S.); (M.V.); (S.T.)
| | - Silvia Tavarini
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (DAFE), University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto, 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy (C.C.); (M.S.); (M.V.); (S.T.)
- Interdepartmental Research Centre “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health—NUTRAFOOD”, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto, 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Tommaso Giordani
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (DAFE), University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto, 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy (C.C.); (M.S.); (M.V.); (S.T.)
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Patel S, Navale A. The Natural Sweetener Stevia: An Updated Review on its Phytochemistry, Health Benefits, and Anti-diabetic Study. Curr Diabetes Rev 2024; 20:e010523216398. [PMID: 37138480 DOI: 10.2174/1573399819666230501210803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni is one of the significant high qualities of non-caloric sugar substitute sweetener plants against diabetes disease. Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common metabolic diseases caused by insulin secretion defects, insulin resistance in peripheral tissues, or both. Stevia rebaudiana is a perennial shrub of the Compositae family that is grown in several places around the world. It contains a plethora of different bioactive constituents which are responsible for several activities and sweetness. This sweetness is due to the presence of steviol glycosides which is 100-300 times sweeter than sucrose. Furthermore, stevia reduces oxidative stress, lowering the risk of diabetes. Its leaves have been used to control and treat diabetes and a variety of other metabolic diseases. This review summarizes the history, bioactive constituents of S. rebaudiana extract, pharmacology, anti-diabetic activity, and its application, especially in food supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shraddha Patel
- Parul Institute of Pharmacy, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - Archana Navale
- Parul Institute of Pharmacy, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
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Hanna DH, Beshay SN, El Shafee E, El-Rahman HAA. The protective effect of aqueous extract of Stevia rebaudiana against tartrazine toxicity in male Wistar rat. Cell Biochem Funct 2023; 41:1462-1476. [PMID: 38010705 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Tartrazine is a yellow colouring agent that is commonly used in foods; however, high dosages of Tartrazine affect fertility and create oxidative stress by generating free radicals. A plant species known as Stevia rebaudiana has natural antioxidants that show promise for protecting testicular tissue. Consequently, this study was intended to examine the ameliorative effect of the aqueous extract of S. rebaudiana (Stevia) on the fertility of male Wistar rats induced by the daily oral intake of Tartrazine. Utilizing gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, phytochemical identification was accomplished for Stevia extract. Study groups were separated into several groups: the first group (the control) got distilled water for up to 56 days; the Stevia group (1000 mg/kg), the Tartrazine group (300 mg/kg) and the Stevia and Tartrazine group (the group was given Tartrazine after 1 h of Stevia extract intake). Also, the oxidative damage in testicular tissues was assessed by measuring the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidants (catalase [CAT], superoxide dismutase [SOD] and glutathione reductase [GSH]). Further, histological alterations were examined. In addition, cyclic AMP-responsive element modulator (Crem) gene expression levels and their relative proteins were measured in the testicular tissues using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, respectively. Sperm analysis and testosterone concentration were also performed. SPSS version 25 was used for the analysis of results while (p < .05) was regarded as significant. Compared with the control group, the results demonstrated that Tartrazine caused a significant reduction (p < .05) in the testosterone hormone level (0.70 ± 0.21) and the Crem protein quantity (1.21 ± 0.23) in the treated Tartrazine group. Also, it had a significant decrease (p < .05) in sperm motility, viability, count and antioxidant levels. Moreover, there was a significant increase (p < .05) in sperm abnormalities, MDA level (7.40 ± 1.10), kidney and liver function parameters, and DNA degradation in the treated Tartrazine group compared with the control group. On the contrary, the Stevia extract intake enhanced the testosterone (2.50 ± 0.60), antioxidants and Crem protein levels (2.33 ± 0.10) with an improvement in sperm quality in the Stevia and Tartrazine-treated group compared with the Tartrazine group. Stevia also caused a significant decrease (p < .05) in the MDA level (3.20 ± 0.20), and sperm abnormalities with an enhancement of the liver and kidney function parameters in the Stevia and Tartrazine-treated group compared to the Tartrazine group. Stevia administration has a protective effect on the testicular tissues and sperm quality against toxicity induced by Tartrazine exposure, so it will be a good antioxidant drug to be administered daily before daily administration of Tartrazine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demiana H Hanna
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - E El Shafee
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Papaefthimiou M, Kontou PI, Bagos PG, Braliou GG. Antioxidant Activity of Leaf Extracts from Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni Exerts Attenuating Effect on Diseased Experimental Rats: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2023; 15:3325. [PMID: 37571265 PMCID: PMC10420666 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) is an aromatic plant known for its high sweetening power ascribed to its glycosides. Stevia also contains several bioactive compounds showing antioxidant, antiproliferative, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activities. Since inflammation and oxidative stress play critical roles in the pathogenesis of many diseases, stevia emerges as a promising natural product that could support human health. In this study we set out to investigate the way stevia affects oxidative stress markers (e.g., SOD, CAT, GPx, GSH, MDA) in diseased rats administered stevia leaf extracts or glycosides. To this end, we performed an inclusive literature search, following PRISMA guidelines, and recruited multivariate meta-analysis and meta-regression to synthesize all available data on experimental animal models encountering (a) healthy, (b) diseased, and (c) stevia-treated diseased rats. From the 184 articles initially retrieved, 24 satisfied the eligibility criteria, containing 104 studies. Our results demonstrate that regardless of the assay employed, stevia leaf extracts restored all oxidative stress markers to a higher extent compared to pure glycosides. Meta-regression analysis revealed that results from SOD, CAT, GSH, and TAC assays are not statistically significantly different (p = 0.184) and can be combined in meta-analysis. Organic extracts from stevia leaves showed more robust antioxidant properties compared to aqueous or hydroalcoholic ones. The restoration of oxidative markers ranged from 65% to 85% and was exhibited in all tested tissues. Rats with diabetes mellitus were found to have the highest restorative response to stevia leaf extract administration. Our results suggest that stevia leaf extract can act protectively against various diseases through its antioxidant properties. However, which of each of the multitude of stevia compounds contribute to this effect, and to what extent, awaits further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Papaefthimiou
- Department of Computer Science and Biomedical Informatics, University of Thessaly, 35 131 Lamia, Greece; (M.P.); (P.G.B.)
| | | | - Pantelis G. Bagos
- Department of Computer Science and Biomedical Informatics, University of Thessaly, 35 131 Lamia, Greece; (M.P.); (P.G.B.)
| | - Georgia G. Braliou
- Department of Computer Science and Biomedical Informatics, University of Thessaly, 35 131 Lamia, Greece; (M.P.); (P.G.B.)
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Han JY, Park M, Lee HJ. Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana) extract ameliorates insulin resistance by regulating mitochondrial function and oxidative stress in the skeletal muscle of db/db mice. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:264. [PMID: 37488560 PMCID: PMC10367355 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04033-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a growing health problem worldwide, is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia due to insulin resistance and defective insulin secretion by pancreatic β-cells. The skeletal muscle is a central organ that consumes most of the insulin-stimulated glucose in the body, and insulin resistance can damage muscles in T2DM. Based on a strong correlation between diabetes and muscles, we investigated the effects of stevia extract (SE) and stevioside (SV) on the skeletal muscle of diabetic db/db mice. METHODS The mice were administered saline, metformin (200 mg/kg/day), SE (200 and 500 mg/kg/day), and SV (40 mg/kg/day) for 35 days. During administration, we checked the levels of fasting blood glucose twice a week and conducted the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and insulin tolerance test (ITT). After administration, we analyzed serum biochemical parameters, triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), insulin and antioxidant enzymes, and the cross-sectional area of skeletal muscle fibers of db/db mice. Western blots were conducted using the skeletal muscle of mice to examine the effect of SE and SV on protein expression of insulin signaling, mitochondrial function, and oxidative stress. RESULTS SE and SV administration lowered the levels of fasting blood glucose, OGTT, and ITT in db/db mice. The administration also decreased serum levels of TG, TC, and insulin while increasing those of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Interestingly, muscle fiber size was significantly increased in db/db mice treated with SE500 and SV. In the skeletal muscle of db/db mice, SE and SV administration activated insulin signaling by increasing the protein expression of insulin receptor substrate, Akt, and glucose transporter type 4. Furthermore, SE500 administration markedly increased the protein expression of AMP-activated protein kinase-α, sirtuin-1, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α. SV administration significantly reduced oxidative stress by down-regulating the protein expression of 4-hydroxynonenal, heme oxygenase-1, SOD, and GPx. In addition, SE500 and SV administration suppressed the expression of apoptosis-related proteins in the skeletal muscle of db/db mice. CONCLUSION SE and SV administration attenuated hyperglycemia in diabetic mice. Moreover, the administration ameliorated insulin resistance by regulating mitochondrial function and oxidative stress, increasing muscle fiber size. Overall, this study suggests that SE and SV administration may serve as a potential strategy for the treatment of diabetic muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Young Han
- Institute for Aging and Clinical Nutrition Research, Gachon University, Seongnam-Si, 13120, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea
| | - Miey Park
- Institute for Aging and Clinical Nutrition Research, Gachon University, Seongnam-Si, 13120, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea.
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam-Si, 13120, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea.
| | - Hae-Jeung Lee
- Institute for Aging and Clinical Nutrition Research, Gachon University, Seongnam-Si, 13120, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea.
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam-Si, 13120, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea.
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Khakpai F, Naseroleslami M, Moheb-Alian M, Ghanimati E, Abdollah-Pour F, Mousavi-Niri N. Intra-gastrically administration of Stevia and particularly Nano-Stevia reversed the hyperglycemia, anxiety, and memory impairment in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Physiol Behav 2023; 263:114100. [PMID: 36716984 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Type II diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders considered chronic hyperglycemia resulting from deficits in insulin secretion or insulin function. This disease usually links with various psychological problems such as anxiety and cognitive dysfunctions. Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) is a natural and healthy substitute sweetener for sugar and artificial sweeteners. It has become essential for human diets and food manufacturers. The aim of this research was to investigate the effects of Stevia and Nano-stevia on the regulation of anxiety and memory processes in male diabetic rats. The elevated plus-maze (EPM) test-retest procedure was used to assess anxiety and memory in male diabetic rats. The findings exhibited that induction of diabetes caused a distorted cellular arrangement in the liver tissue of male rats. On the other hand, intra-gastrically administration of Stevia (1 ml/kg) and nano-Stevia (1 ml/kg) indicated a normal appearance in the liver tissue of male diabetic rats. Moreover, induction of diabetes caused the augmentation of blood glucose, reduction in time spent in%open-arm time (%OAT) on the test day, and enhancement of%OAT on the retest day. Therefore, induction of diabetes in rats produced hyperglycemia, anxiogenic effect, and memory impairment and these responses were reversed by drug treatment. Furthermore, intra-gastrically application of Stevia (1 ml/kg) and nano-Stevia (1 ml/kg) reversed the hyperglycemia, anxiogenic effect, and memory impairment in male diabetic rats. Interestingly, Nano-Stevia exhibited the highest significant response rather than Stevia. In conclusion, the results of this research suggested the beneficial properties of Stevia and particularly Nano-Stevia on inducing anti-diabetic effects, anxiolytic behavior, as well as memory improvement in male diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Khakpai
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Naseroleslami
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marzieh Moheb-Alian
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Herbal pharmacology research center, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Ghanimati
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Herbal pharmacology research center, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faezeh Abdollah-Pour
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Herbal pharmacology research center, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Mousavi-Niri
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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Hameed A, Ishtiaq F, Zeeshan M, Akhtar S, Ismail T, Ahmad RS, Amir M, Anwar MJ. Combined antidiabetic potential of camel milk yogurt with Cinnamomum verum and Stevia rebaudiana by using rodent modelling. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2023; 60:1175-1184. [PMID: 36908342 PMCID: PMC9998783 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-023-05671-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate anti-diabetic potential of functional camel milk yogurt enriched with Cinnamomum verum and Stevia rebaudiana that not only mask its peculiar flavour rather have an antidiabetic effect as well. Sixty-three pathogen free STZ-induced albino Wistar rats were categorized into 7 groups on the basis of treatments. From each treatment group three animals were dissected periodically at 0, 7 and 21 days of study to determine the effect of all treatments on physicochemical parameters, serum glucose, serum chemistry and haematology. The study revealed that the mean blood glucose level in the untreated control group was within normal range (100-108 mg/dl) while there was noticeable decrease in mean blood glucose level of all the treated groups during three weeks' trial. Decline in blood glucose level (46%) was higher in animal group containing functional camel milk yogurt (T4) at 3rd week of trial as compared to other treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneela Hameed
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60,800 Pakistan
| | - Farheen Ishtiaq
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60,800 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zeeshan
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60,800 Pakistan
| | - Saeed Akhtar
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60,800 Pakistan
| | - Tariq Ismail
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60,800 Pakistan
| | - Rabia Shabir Ahmad
- Institute of Home and Food Science, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mamoona Amir
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60,800 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Junaid Anwar
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60,800 Pakistan
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11
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Hussein AS, Hashem AH, Salem SS. Mitigation of the hyperglycemic effect of streptozotocin-induced diabetes albino rats using biosynthesized copper oxide nanoparticles. Biomol Concepts 2023; 14:bmc-2022-0037. [PMID: 38230658 DOI: 10.1515/bmc-2022-0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder described by compromised insulin synthesis or resistance to insulin inside the human body. Diabetes is a persistent metabolic condition defined by elevated amounts of glucose in the bloodstream, resulting in a range of potential consequences. The main purpose of this study was to find out how biosynthesized copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) affect the blood sugar levels of diabetic albino rats induced by streptozotocin (STZ). In the current study, CuONPs were successfully biosynthesized using Saccharomyes cervisiae using an eco-friendly method. Characterization results revealed that biosynthesized CuONPs appeared at 376 nm with a spherical shape with sizes ranging from 4 to 47.8 nm. Furthermore, results illustrated that administration of 0.5 and 5 mg/kg CuONP in diabetic rats showed a significant decrease in blood glucose levels accompanied by elevated insulin levels when compared to the diabetic control group; however, administration of 0.5 mg/kg is the best choice for diabetic management. Furthermore, it was found that the group treated with CuONPs exhibited a noteworthy elevation in the HDL-C level, along with a depletion in triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-C, and VLDL-cholesterol levels compared to the diabetic control group. This study found that administration of CuONPs reduced hyperglycemia and improved pancreatic function as well as dyslipidemia in diabetic rats exposed to STZ, suggesting their potential as a promising therapeutic agent for diabetes treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Saber Hussein
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Amr H Hashem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Salem S Salem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
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12
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Stevioside attenuates osteoarthritis via regulating Nrf2/HO-1/NF-κB pathway. J Orthop Translat 2023; 38:190-202. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2022.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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HOSSAİN MA, AL HARTHY MS, SAİD AL TOUBY DS. Review on phytochemicals and biological activities of natural sweeteners Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SECONDARY METABOLITE 2022. [DOI: 10.21448/ijsm.1122618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease that creates high blood sugar level. Therefore, diabetes awareness is necessary to prevent diabetes by reducing sugar intake and using low-calorie alternative sweeteners instead. Stevia rebaudiana is a medicinal plant species belonging to the Compositae family. It is a sweet herb that contains diterpene glycosides, which are directly responsible for the sweet taste, but they have no caloric value. Since ancient times, there have been several reports on the use of S. rebaudiana as an alternative sweetener and extended research has been conducted on its phytochemicals and biological activities. The plant contains a good number of phytochemicals with significant biological activities, namely polyphenolic derivatives, diterpenes glycosides, alkaloids, glycosides, tannins, chlorophylls, carotenoids, etc. For industrial use, those phytochemicals could be extracted from the selected plant and used for the preparation of nutraceuticals and food additives. S. rebaudiana is a natural herb; therefore, it has fewer or minimal adverse effects on human health. The selected plant in various forms is used for the treatment of diabetes, colon cancer, obesity, cavities, and others. However, the literature review shows that the information on this plant and its uses is not systematic. The purpose of the present review is to explore the status of phytochemicals and biological activities of the selected plant for young researchers. Therefore, the updated data will help them to develop new nutraceuticals and food additives that could help in the production of pharmaceuticals to treat different ailments.
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Dietary Stevia Residue Extract Supplementation Improves Antioxidant Capacity and Intestinal Microbial Composition of Weaned Piglets. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11102016. [PMID: 36290738 PMCID: PMC9598856 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11102016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of diet supplementation with stevia residue extract (SRE) on growth performance, intestinal health, and antioxidant capacity of weaned piglets. A total of 144 weaned piglets (body weight 6.8 ± 0.5 kg) were randomly selected and allocated into four treatment groups with six replicates of six pigs/pen. The treatments consisted of a basal diet without SRE or basal diet supplemented with 100, 200, or 400 mg/kg SRE. The results showed that the addition of 200 mg/kg SRE to the diet significantly reduced (p < 0.05) the diarrhea rate of piglets compared with the control group. The supplementation of 400 mg/kg SRE in the diet significantly reduced the piglets’ serum MDA content and significantly increased (p < 0.05) the T-AOC, T-SOD, and GSH-PX activity in the serum. The dietary supplementation with 400 mg/kg SRE significantly increased (p < 0.05) the CAT and GSH-PX activity in the liver. Moreover, the supplementation of 400 mg/kg SRE in the diet significantly increased (p < 0.05) the relative abundance of Prevotellaceae (genus) and Roseburia (genus) beneficial bacteria compared to the control group. Spearman’s correlation analysis showed that Prevotella (genus) abundance was positively correlated with liver GSH-PX activity and acetic acid content of colon contents. In conclusion, the supplementation of 400 mg/kg SRE to the diet can improve piglet health by regulating antioxidant reduction homeostasis, which may also be associated with an increase in the relative numbers of potentially beneficial bacteria.
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Steviol Glycoside, L-Arginine, and Chromium(III) Supplementation Attenuates Abnormalities in Glucose Metabolism in Streptozotocin-Induced Mildly Diabetic Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15101200. [PMID: 36297315 PMCID: PMC9607630 DOI: 10.3390/ph15101200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni and its glycosides are believed to exhibit several health-promoting properties. Recently, the mechanisms of the anti-diabetic effects of steviol glycosides (SG) have been the subject of intense research. The following study aims to evaluate the results of SG (stevioside (ST) and rebaudioside A (RA)) combined with L-arginine (L-Arg) and chromium(III) (CrIII) supplementation in streptozotocin- (STZ) induced mild type 2 diabetic rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD), with particular emphasis on carbohydrate and lipid metabolisms. The experiment was carried out on 110 male Wistar rats, 100 of which were fed an HFD to induce insulin resistance, followed by an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin to induce mild type 2 diabetes. After confirmation of hyperglycemia, the rats were divided into groups. Three groups served as controls: diabetic untreated, diabetic treated with metformin (300 mg/kg BW), and healthy group. Eight groups were fed an HFD enriched with stevioside or rebaudioside A (2500 mg/kg BW) combined with L-arginine (2000 or 4000 mg/kg BW) and Cr(III) (1 or 5 mg/kg BW) for six weeks. The results showed that supplementation with SG (ST and RA) combined with L-arg and Cr(III) could improve blood glucose levels in rats with mild type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, ST was more effective in improving blood glucose levels, insulin resistance indices, and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) concentrations than RA. Although L-arg and Cr(III) supplementation did not independently affect most blood carbohydrate and lipid indices, it further improved some biomarkers when combined, particularly with ST. Notably, the beneficial impact of ST on the homeostatic model assessment–insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and on the quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index (QUICKI) was strengthened when mixed with a high dose of L-arg, while its impact on antioxidant status was improved when combined with a high dose of Cr(III) in rats with mild type 2 diabetes. In conclusion, these results suggest that supplementary stevioside combined with L-arginine and Cr(III) has therapeutic potential for mild type 2 diabetes. However, further studies are warranted to confirm these effects in other experimental models and humans.
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Kopytina V, Pascual-Antón L, Toggweiler N, Arriero-País EM, Strahl L, Albar-Vizcaíno P, Sucunza D, Vaquero JJ, Steppan S, Piecha D, López-Cabrera M, González-Mateo GT. Steviol glycosides as an alternative osmotic agent for peritoneal dialysis fluid. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:868374. [PMID: 36052133 PMCID: PMC9424724 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.868374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a renal replacement technique that requires repeated exposure of the peritoneum to hyperosmolar PD fluids (PDFs). Unfortunately, it promotes alterations of the peritoneal membrane (PM) that affects its functionality, including mesothelial-mesenchymal transition (MMT) of mesothelial cells (MCs), inflammation, angiogenesis, and fibrosis. Glucose is the most used osmotic agent, but it is known to be at least partially responsible, together with its degradation products (GDP), for those changes. Therefore, there is a need for more biocompatible osmotic agents to better maintain the PM. Herein we evaluated the biocompatibility of Steviol glycosides (SG)-based fluids. Methods: The ultrafiltration and transport capacities of SG-containing and glucose-based fluids were analyzed using artificial membranes and an in vivo mouse model, respectively. To investigate the biocompatibility of the fluids, Met-5A and human omental peritoneal MCs (HOMCs) were exposed in vitro to different types of glucose-based PDFs (conventional 4.25% glucose solution with high-GDP level and biocompatible 2.3% glucose solution with low-GDP level), SG-based fluids or treated with TGF-β1. Mice submitted to surgery of intraperitoneal catheter insertion were treated for 40 days with SG- or glucose-based fluids. Peritoneal tissues were collected to determine thickness, MMT, angiogenesis, as well as peritoneal washings to analyze inflammation. Results: Dialysis membrane experiments demonstrated that SG-based fluids at 1.5%, 1%, and 0.75% had a similar trend in weight gain, based on curve slope, as glucose-based fluids. Analyzing transport capacity in vivo, 1% and 0.75% SG-based fluid-exposed nephrectomized mice extracted a similar amount of urea as the glucose 2.3% group. In vitro, PDF with high-glucose (4.25%) and high-GDP content induced mesenchymal markers and angiogenic factors (Snail1, Fibronectin, VEGF-A, FGF-2) and downregulates the epithelial marker E-Cadherin. In contrast, exposition to low-glucose-based fluids with low-GDP content or SG-based fluids showed higher viability and had less MMT. In vivo, SG-based fluids preserved MC monolayer, induced less PM thickness, angiogenesis, leukocyte infiltration, inflammatory cytokines release, and MMT compared with glucose-based fluids. Conclusion: SG showed better biocompatibility as an osmotic agent than glucose in vitro and in vivo, therefore, it could alternatively substitute glucose in PDF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Kopytina
- Department of Immunology, Molecular Biology Research Center Severo Ochoa (CBMSO), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucía Pascual-Antón
- Department of Immunology, Molecular Biology Research Center Severo Ochoa (CBMSO), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Nora Toggweiler
- Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland GmbH, Frankfurter, St. Wendel, Germany
| | - Eva-María Arriero-País
- Department of Immunology, Molecular Biology Research Center Severo Ochoa (CBMSO), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lisa Strahl
- Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland GmbH, Frankfurter, St. Wendel, Germany
| | - Patricia Albar-Vizcaíno
- Department of Nephrology, IdiPAZ Research Institute, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Sucunza
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alcalá (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan J. Vaquero
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alcalá (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonja Steppan
- Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland GmbH, St. Wendel, Germany
| | - Dorothea Piecha
- Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland GmbH, St. Wendel, Germany
| | - Manuel López-Cabrera
- Department of Immunology, Molecular Biology Research Center Severo Ochoa (CBMSO), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Manuel López-Cabrera, ; Guadalupe-Tirma González-Mateo,
| | - Guadalupe-Tirma González-Mateo
- Department of Immunology, Molecular Biology Research Center Severo Ochoa (CBMSO), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nephrology, IdiPAZ Research Institute, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Manuel López-Cabrera, ; Guadalupe-Tirma González-Mateo,
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Chowdhury AI, Rahanur Alam M, Raihan MM, Rahman T, Islam S, Halima O. Effect of stevia leaves (
Stevia rebaudiana
Bertoni) on diabetes: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of preclinical studies. FOOD SCIENCE & NUTRITION 2022; 10:2868-2878. [PMID: 36171777 PMCID: PMC9469865 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) is a natural herb with biological activities such as anticancer, antidiabetic, anticardiovascular disease, anti‐inflammatory, and antimicrobial. The current systematic review and meta‐analysis of previously published data were performed to assess the antidiabetic effect of stevia leaves. Three electronic databases (PubMed, CENTRAL, and DOAJ) had been used for searching articles published before September 2020. Meta‐analysis via random‐effect model had been performed to assess the effects of different doses of stevia on blood glucose level (BGL) and studies were weighted according to an estimate of the standard mean difference (SMD). Overall, 16 eligible studies were selected for qualitative analysis and 9 were included for quantitative analysis. The results of the meta‐analysis for BGL showed that at the doses of 200, 300, and 400 mg/kg of stevia leaves there was a significant difference in means of BGL between the intervention and control group and the dose of 500 mg/kg showed no significance (Standard mean difference (SMD): −3.84 (−9.96, 2.27); p = .22). Based on the duration of intervention, subgroup analysis of articles showed a significant difference between the groups (p < .001). The results of the meta‐analysis support the hypothesis that stevia leaf has an antihyperglycemic effect and reduces the blood glucose level at doses of 200, 300, and 400 mg/kg. Therefore, more clinical trials on animals and humans have to be done to investigate the antidiabetic and antihyperglycemic effects along with the efficacy and safety of these medicinal leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akibul Islam Chowdhury
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition Science Noakhali Science and Technology University Noakhali Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Rahanur Alam
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition Science Noakhali Science and Technology University Noakhali Bangladesh
| | - M Maruf Raihan
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition Science Noakhali Science and Technology University Noakhali Bangladesh
| | - Tanjina Rahman
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition Science Noakhali Science and Technology University Noakhali Bangladesh
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Science University of Dhaka Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Saiful Islam
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Science University of Dhaka Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Oumma Halima
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition Science Noakhali Science and Technology University Noakhali Bangladesh
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Science University of Dhaka Dhaka Bangladesh
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Oudbor L, Mokhtari Z, Dastghaib S, Mokarram P, Rajani HF, Barazesh M, Salami S. Aqueous extract of Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) Bertoni abrogates death-related signaling pathways via boosting the expression profile of oxidative defense systems. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14151. [PMID: 35365911 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Indigenous inhabitants of South America and other areas have been using stevia as a traditional medicine for years, but its impact on cell signaling pathways has not been well studied yet. We evaluated the impacts of aqueous extract of Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) Bertoni on the expression of the selected genes involved in significant cell death modalities, including p53-DNA damage and the cellular antioxidative defense in pancreatic tissues in STZ-induced diabetic rats and murine pancreatic cell lines. The in vivo study revealed that aqueous extract of Stevia significantly upregulated the expression of GSTM1 and P1 and GPX (4.67, 12.08, and 2.81 fold, respectively; all p < .05) along with significant downregulation of the genes which were upregulated by STZ, including apoptotic genes caspase-3 and -9 (-9.80 and -4.16 fold, p < .05, respectively) and necroptotic genes, RIP1K, 2 K, and 3 K (-9.48, -2.70, and -12.9 fold, respectively, all p < .05). In vitro studies also revealed comparable results. In conclusion, the observed clinical improvements in diabetic rats are the result of overexpression of major genes of antioxidative defense systems in the course of a significant downregulation of major cell death modalities. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The popularity of noncaloric sweeteners, including stevia, has rocketed in recent years, but the consumption of stevia as traditional medicine has a long history. The findings of the current study provide strong mechanistic lines of evidence supporting the beneficial biological effects of stevia as a noncaloric sweetener in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Oudbor
- Cell Death and Differentiation Signaling Research Lab, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohreh Mokhtari
- Cell Death and Differentiation Signaling Research Lab, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sanaz Dastghaib
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Pooneh Mokarram
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Huda Fatima Rajani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Barazesh
- School of Paramedical Sciences, Gerash Faculty of Medical Sciences, Gerash, Iran
| | - Siamak Salami
- Cell Death and Differentiation Signaling Research Lab, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Kasti AN, Nikolaki MD, Synodinou KD, Katsas KN, Petsis K, Lambrinou S, Pyrousis IA, Triantafyllou K. The Effects of Stevia Consumption on Gut Bacteria: Friend or Foe? Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10040744. [PMID: 35456796 PMCID: PMC9028423 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10040744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Stevia, a zero-calorie sugar substitute, is recognized as safe by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). In vitro and in vivo studies showed that stevia has antiglycemic action and antioxidant effects in adipose tissue and the vascular wall, reduces blood pressure levels and hepatic steatosis, stabilizes the atherosclerotic plaque, and ameliorates liver and kidney damage. The metabolism of steviol glycosides is dependent upon gut microbiota, which breaks down glycosides into steviol that can be absorbed by the host. In this review, we elucidated the effects of stevia’s consumption on the host’s gut microbiota. Due to the lack of randomized clinical trials in humans, we included in vitro using certain microbial strains and in vivo in laboratory animal studies. Results indicated that stevia consumption has a potential benefit on the microbiome’s alpha diversity. Alterations in the colonic microenvironment may depend on the amount and frequency of stevia intake, as well as on the simultaneous consumption of other dietary components. The anti-inflammatory properties of stevioside were confirmed in vitro by decreasing TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 synthesis and inhibiting of NF-κB transcription factor, and in vivo by inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK in laboratory animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezina N. Kasti
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Attikon University General Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece; (A.N.K.); (M.D.N.); (K.D.S.); (K.N.K.); (K.P.); (S.L.); (I.A.P.)
| | - Maroulla D. Nikolaki
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Attikon University General Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece; (A.N.K.); (M.D.N.); (K.D.S.); (K.N.K.); (K.P.); (S.L.); (I.A.P.)
| | - Kalliopi D. Synodinou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Attikon University General Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece; (A.N.K.); (M.D.N.); (K.D.S.); (K.N.K.); (K.P.); (S.L.); (I.A.P.)
| | - Konstantinos N. Katsas
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Attikon University General Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece; (A.N.K.); (M.D.N.); (K.D.S.); (K.N.K.); (K.P.); (S.L.); (I.A.P.)
- Institute of Preventive Medicine Environmental and Occupational Health Prolepsis, 15125 Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Petsis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Attikon University General Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece; (A.N.K.); (M.D.N.); (K.D.S.); (K.N.K.); (K.P.); (S.L.); (I.A.P.)
| | - Sophia Lambrinou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Attikon University General Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece; (A.N.K.); (M.D.N.); (K.D.S.); (K.N.K.); (K.P.); (S.L.); (I.A.P.)
| | - Ioannis A. Pyrousis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Attikon University General Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece; (A.N.K.); (M.D.N.); (K.D.S.); (K.N.K.); (K.P.); (S.L.); (I.A.P.)
- Medical School, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Triantafyllou
- Hepatogastroenterology Unit, 2nd Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Attikon University General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-2105832090
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Zhilinskaya N, Atayev M, Ivanchenko O, Kuznetsova T, Musta N, Blandov A. Comparative study of micronutrient content in soft rice beverages based on green and black tea. BIO WEB OF CONFERENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/20224802009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Soft beverages based on rice (“rice milk”) are hypoallergenic, increase immunity, supply the body with energy, and normalize the nervous system. Earlier, we developed soft rice beverage recipes based on boiled rice filtrate, green (black) tea water concentrate, stevia extract as a natural sweetener. Physico-chemical analysis of the content of micronutrients in soft rice-tea beverages was carried out. Comparative analysis of content of vitamins E (alpha-tocopherol) and C (ascorbic acid) showed that vitamins are presented in both types of beverages during production, but in different amounts. The rice beverage combined with green tea concentrate contains 1.33 times more potassium ions and 1.13 times less magnesium ions than the beverage based on black tea. The rice beverage combined with black tea contains 3.81 times more sodium ions compared to the beverage based on green tea. There were no significant differences in the number of magnesium ions. Both samples contained traces of manganese and iron ions. The produced soft rice-tea beverages with stevia extract could be recommended as a functional food.
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21
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Elicitation of Submerged Adventitious Root Cultures of Stevia rebaudiana with Cuscuta reflexa for Production of Biomass and Secondary Metabolites. Molecules 2021; 27:molecules27010014. [PMID: 35011247 PMCID: PMC8746614 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Stevia rebaudiana is an important medicinal plant that belongs to the Asteraceae family. The leaves of Stevia rebaudiana are a rich source of many health-promoting agents such as polyphenols, flavonoids, and steviol glycoside, which play a key role in controlling obesity and diabetes. New strategies such as the elicitation of culture media are needed to enhance the productivity of active components. Herein, the Cuscuta reflexa extracts were exploited as elicitors to enhance the productivity of active components. Cuscuta reflexa is one of the parasitic plants that has the ability to elongate very fast and cover the host plant. Consequently, it may be possible that the addition of Cuscuta reflexa extracts to adventitious root cultures (ADR) of Stevia rebaudiana may elongate the root more than control cultures to produce higher quantities of the desired secondary metabolites. Therefore, the main objective of the current study was to investigate the effect of Cuscuta reflexa extract as a biotic elicitor on the biomass accumulation and production of antioxidant secondary metabolite in submerged adventitious root cultures of Stevia rebaudiana. Ten different concentrations of Cuscuta reflexa were added to liquid media containing 0.5 mg/L naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). The growth kinetics of adventitious roots was investigated for a period of 49 days with an interval of 7 days. The maximum biomass accumulation (7.83 g/3 flasks) was observed on medium containing 10 mg/L extract of Cuscuta reflexa on day 49. As the concentration of extract increases in the culture media, the biomass gradually decreases after 49 days of inoculation. In this study, the higher total phenolics content (0.31 mg GAE/g-DW), total flavonoids content (0.22 mg QE/g-DW), and antioxidant activity (85.54%) were observed in 100 mg/L treated cultures. The higher concentration (100 mg/L) of Cuscuta reflexa extract considerably increased the total phenolics content (TPC), total phenolics production (TPP), total flavonoids content (TFC), total flavonoids production (TFP), total polyphenolics content (TPPC), and total polyphenolics production (TPPP). It was concluded that the extract of Cuscuta reflexa moderately improved biomass accumulation but enhanced the synthesis of phenolics, flavonoids, and antioxidant activities. Here, biomass’s independent production of secondary metabolites was observed with the addition of extract. The present study will be helpful to scale up adventitious roots culture into a bioreactor for the production of secondary metabolites rather than biomass accumulation in medicinally important Stevia rebaudiana.
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Isolation of phytochemical constituents from Stevia rebaudiana (Bert.) and evaluation of their anticancer, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties via in vitro and in silico approaches. Heliyon 2021; 7:e08475. [PMID: 34917793 PMCID: PMC8645449 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study was designed to isolate and characterize some bioactive secondary metabolites by using repeated chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques, targeting their anticancer, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties through in vitro and in silico approaches. Six compounds were isolated and analyzed by thin layer chromatographic technique and the compounds were identified as 5-O-caffeoyl quinic acid (1), syringin (2), luteolin (3), apigenin (4), jhanol (5), and jhanidiol (6) based on spectroscopic methods. The cytotoxic effect of each compound was dose-dependent, and compound 1 showed a higher anti-proliferative effect (IC50 = 181.3 μg/ml) than other compounds (compound 2, 4, 5, and 6). Besides, compound 1 showed the most promising antibacterial activity with a zone of inhibition ranges from 12-15 mm against different strains compared to ciprofloxacin (14-22 mm). In contrast, compound 3 exerted the highest scavenging property against DPPH free radical. Finally, the in vitro bioactivities were also supported by molecular docking studies. The computational study demonstrated that the isolated compounds exerted stronger affinity compared to the standard drugs towards the binding sites of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), glutathione reductase, and urase oxidase.
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Wang Y, Sun X, Jia X, Zhu L, Yin H. Comparative transcriptomic of Stevia rebaudiana provides insight into rebaudioside D and rebaudioside M biosynthesis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 167:541-549. [PMID: 34425398 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Rebaudioside D (Reb D) and rebaudioside M (Reb M) are commercially important low/no-calorie natural sweeteners. However, they are present in a minor proportion of all steviol glycosides (SGs) in Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni (S. rebaudiana). Strain-dependent deviation in Reb D and Reb M biosynthesis is one key breach for breeding of S. rebaudiana, which has not been studied at the transcriptional level. Herein, five different S. rebaudiana varieties with distinct SGs contents, one cultivar having high stevioside content (HST), one cultivar having high Reb A content (HRA) and three cultivars having high Reb D and Reb M content (HDM1, HDM2, HDM3), were selected for RNA-seq analysis. In total, 131,655 de novo assembled unigenes were found in the RNA-seq data. According to Reb D and Reb M content divergence of S. rebaudiana accessions, 2186 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were selected as potential genes related to Reb D and Reb M biosynthesis. Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) was used to explore the genes associated with the Reb D and Reb M biosynthesis. The unigenes from the positively associated turquoise module formed a layered co-expression network. There are 7 UDP-dependent glycosyltransferases (UGT) and 76 transcription factors (TFs) distributing at different regions which represented varying coherence of Reb D and Reb M biosynthesis. Particularly, two TFs having a strong correlation with two UGTs in the network were also discovered. The present study provided a comprehensive insight into networks for regulation of Reb D and Reb M contents in S. rebaudiana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Xue Sun
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Xiaochen Jia
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Liping Zhu
- Zhucheng Haotian Pharm Co., Ltd, Shandong, 262200, China; Dongtai Hirye Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Jiangsu, 224200, China.
| | - Heng Yin
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Ilias N, Hamzah H, Ismail IS, Mohidin TBM, Idris MF, Ajat M. An insight on the future therapeutic application potential of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 143:112207. [PMID: 34563950 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni is a native plant to Paraguay. The extracts have been used as a famous sweetening agent, and the bioactive components derived from stevia possess a broad spectrum of therapeutical potential for various illnesses. Among its medicinal benefits are anti-hypertensive, anti-tumorigenic, anti-diabetic, and anti-hyperlipidemia. Statins (3-hydro-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitor) are a class of drugs used to treat atherosclerosis. Statins are explicitly targeting the HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme in the rate-limiting step of cholesterol biosynthesis. Despite being widely used in regulating plasma cholesterol levels, the adverse effects of the drug are a significant concern among clinicians and patients. Hence, steviol glycosides derived from stevia have been proposed as an alternative in replacing statins. Diterpene glycosides from stevia, such as stevioside and rebaudioside A have been evaluated for their efficacy in alleviating cholesterol levels. These glycosides are a potential candidate in treating and preventing atherosclerosis provoked by circulating lipid retention in the sub-endothelial lining of the artery. The present review is an effort to integrate the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, involvement of lipid droplets biogenesis and its associated proteins in atherogenesis, current approaches to treat atherosclerosis, and pharmacological potential of stevia in treating the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazhan Ilias
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Malaysia.
| | - Hazilawati Hamzah
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Malaysia.
| | - Intan Safinar Ismail
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Malaysia; Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory (NaturMeds), Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Malaysia.
| | - Taznim Begam Mohd Mohidin
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Mohd Faiz Idris
- Pusat Bahasa dan Pengajian Umum, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900 Tanjong Malim, Malaysia
| | - Mokrish Ajat
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Malaysia; Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory (NaturMeds), Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Malaysia.
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Goswami U, Pusalavidyasagar S. Restless legs syndrome associated with use of stevia nonnutritive sweetener. J Clin Sleep Med 2021; 16:1819-1821. [PMID: 32691724 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.8702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
None Restless legs syndrome is a common sensorimotor movement disorder affecting an estimated 15-20% of the general adult population in the United Sates. Several drugs and drug classes have been shown to either cause and/or exacerbate symptoms of restless legs syndrome. With the epidemic of obesity and the heightened awareness of the harmful effects of added sugars, the consumption of low and no-calorie sweeteners has substantially increased. We report a case where the patient developed restless legs syndrome symptoms with the use of a stevia extract-based no calorie sweetener. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of restless legs syndrome possibly associated with low or no-calorie sweetener use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umesh Goswami
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Snigdha Pusalavidyasagar
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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Mehmood A, Zhao L, Ishaq M, Xin W, Zhao L, Wang C, Hossen I, Zhang H, Lian Y, Xu M. Anti-hyperuricemic potential of stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) residue extract in hyperuricemic mice. Food Funct 2021; 11:6387-6406. [PMID: 32613954 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo02246e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Hyperuricemia (HUA) is considered a potent risk factor for the development of gout, renal failure, and cardiovascular disease. The current project was designed to use stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) byproduct, named stevia residue extract (STVRE), for the treatment of HUA. Male Kunming mice were divided into six groups: normal control, model control, positive control (allopurinol, 5 mg per kg body weight [bw]), STVRE-1 (75 mg per kg bw), STVRE-2 (150 mg per kg bw), and STVRE-3 (300 mg per kg bw). HUA was induced by the administration of potassium oxonate (100 mg per kg bw), fructose (10% w/v), and yeast extract (100 mg per kg bw) for 8 weeks. STVRE significantly (p < 0.05) decreased uric acid (UA) production and ameliorated UA excretion by interacting with urate transporters. The STVRE remarkably attenuated oxidative stress mediated by UA and downregulated inflammatory-related response markers such as COX-2, NF-κB, PGE2, IL-1β, and TNF-α. Furthermore, STVRE also reversed HUA-induced abnormalities in kidneys compared with the MC group. The results of our study suggest that STVRE has potential to attenuate hyperuricemia and renal protective effects, and may be used as a natural supplement for the possible treatment of UA-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshad Mehmood
- Beijing Advance Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives School of Food and Chemical Technology, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
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Rahman MM, Uddin MJ, Reza ASMA, Tareq AM, Emran TB, Simal-Gandara J. Ethnomedicinal Value of Antidiabetic Plants in Bangladesh: A Comprehensive Review. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:729. [PMID: 33918026 PMCID: PMC8070064 DOI: 10.3390/plants10040729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The use of conventional drugs to treat metabolic disorders and the pathological consequences of diabetes further increases the complications because of the side effects, and is sometimes burdensome due to relatively higher costs and occasionally painful route of administration of these drugs. Therefore, shifting to herbal medicine may be more effective, economical, have fewer side effects and might have minimal toxicity. The present review amasses a list of ethnomedicinal plants of 143 species belonging to 61 families, from distinctive domestic survey literature, reported to have been used to treat diabetes by the ethnic and local people of Bangladesh. Leaves of the medicinal plants were found leading in terms of their use, followed by fruits, whole plants, roots, seeds, bark, stems, flowers, and rhizomes. This review provides starting information leading to the search for and use of indigenous botanical resources to discover bioactive compounds for novel hypoglycemic drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Masudur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh; (M.J.U.); (A.S.M.A.R.); (A.M.T.)
| | - Md. Josim Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh; (M.J.U.); (A.S.M.A.R.); (A.M.T.)
- Pharmazeutisches Institut, Abteilung Pharmazeutische Biologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Gutenbergstraße 76, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - A. S. M. Ali Reza
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh; (M.J.U.); (A.S.M.A.R.); (A.M.T.)
| | - Abu Montakim Tareq
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh; (M.J.U.); (A.S.M.A.R.); (A.M.T.)
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo—Ourense Campus, E32004 Ourense, Spain
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Reverse pharmacology of phytoconstituents of food and plant in the management of diabetes: Current status and perspectives. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Jan SA, Habib N, Shinwari ZK, Ali M, Ali N. The anti-diabetic activities of natural sweetener plant Stevia: an updated review. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-021-04519-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractDiabetes mellitus is one of the key metabolic diseases cause due to defects in the secretion of insulin, insulin resistance in peripheral tissues, or both. Plants remained an important source of nutrition as well as medicine. Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni is one of the important high qualities non-caloric sugar substitute sweetener plants against diabetes disease. The compounds like steviol, rebaudioside A, stevioside, etc. can lower the sugar level many fold. In addition, it decreases oxidative stress, hence reduces the risk of diabetes. Its leaves have been used for the control and treatment of diabetes and many other metabolic diseases. In animal model experiments it reduces blood sugar level and promotes liver and kidney functions. In this review, we highlighted the most recent literature on the safe use of Stevia for the treatment of diabetes, its use as a functional food, and its mode of therapeutic action in different animal model experiments. However, keeping Stevia as a model plant; detailed investigations are needed for the identification of new metabolites and its use against diabetes and related diseases.
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Guo L, Jiang B, Li D, Xiao X. Nephroprotective Effect of Adropinin Against Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Nephropathy in Rats: Inflammatory Mechanism and YAP/TAZ Factor. Drug Des Devel Ther 2021; 15:589-600. [PMID: 33623368 PMCID: PMC7896734 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s294009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic Nephropathy remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients suffering from renal dysfunction. This study accessed the nephroprotective role of Adropinin against streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic nephropathy in rats and scrutinizes the possible mechanism of action. METHODS STZ (45 mg/kg) dose was used for inducing diabetic nephropathy (DN) and rats were divided into different groups and received the dose-dependent treatment of Adropinin. Blood glucose level, body weight, tissue weight, antioxidant, renal, hepatic parameters, and cytokines were determined. At the end of the experimental study, renal histopathology was performed. RESULTS Adropinin significantly (P<0.001) boosted plasma insulin levels and reduced the blood glucose level. Adropinin considerably increased body weight and reduced kidney weight and kidney hypertrophy. Adropinin significantly (P<0.001) reduced urine outflow, microalbumin, total protein, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), uric acid and increased the creatinine, creatinine clearance. Adropinin significantly (P<0.001) reduced the indole sulfate level in the serum, kidney and reduced in the urine. Adropinin significantly (P<0.001) reduced the total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and increased the level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Adropinin significantly (P<0.001) increased the level of antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and reduced the level of malonaldehyde (MDA), 8-hydroxy-2' -deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG). Adropinin significantly (P<0.001) reduced the level of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) and increased the level of interleukin-10 (IL-10), respectively. Adropinin treatment showed improvement in renal histopathology. CONCLUSION We can say that Adropinin showed the nephroprotective effect against the STZ-induced diabetic nephropathy rats via inflammatory and antioxidant pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Guo
- Department of Nephrology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bei Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dengren Li
- Department of Nephrology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, People’s Republic of China
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Milani PG, Piovan S, Lima YC, Zorzenon MRT, da Rosa CVD, Peixoto GML, de Freitas Mathias PC, Natali MRM, da Costa SC, Mareze-Costa CE. Whey protein enriched with Stevia rebaudiana fraction restores the pancreatic function of streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2021; 58:805-810. [PMID: 33568874 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-020-04799-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The study aims to analyse the treatment of whey protein enriched with Stevia rebaudiana fraction in insulin secretion and its role mitigating streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia in rats. Thus, diabetic animals were treated with whey protein enriched with S. rebaudiana fraction or with only the protein isolate or only the Stevia fraction. Insulin level in plasma was measured by radioimmunoassay and the viability of β cells was detected by immunohistochemistry. The results showed that diabetic animals treated with whey protein enriched with S. rebaudiana fraction had a greater recovery from insulinemia, with plasma levels similar to non-diabetic animals (~ 0.13 ng/mL). In addition, the same group showed a higher number of insulin-positive pancreatic B cells (~ 66%) in immunohistochemistry analysis, while the diabetic groups treated with only the fraction of stevia or whey protein showed 38 and 59% of positive cells, respectively. These results show that the treatment may have restored the viability of streptozotocin-injured pancreatic B cells, and consequently increased insulin secretion, suggesting whey protein enriched with S. rebaudiana fraction can be used an adjunct/supplement in diabetic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Silvano Piovan
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, PR Brazil
| | - Yago Carvalho Lima
- Post-Graduate Program in Sciences (Human Physiology), State University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP Brazil
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Mannucci C, Casciaro M, Sorbara EE, Calapai F, Di Salvo E, Pioggia G, Navarra M, Calapai G, Gangemi S. Nutraceuticals against Oxidative Stress in Autoimmune Disorders. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10020261. [PMID: 33567628 PMCID: PMC7914737 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Antioxidant mechanisms are constituted of enzymes, endogenous, and non-enzymatic, exogenous, which have the role of counterbalancing oxidative stress. Intake of these compounds occurs in the diet. Vegetables, plants, and fruits contain a wide range of alkaloids, polyphenols, and terpenoids which are called “phytochemicals”. Most of these substances are responsible for the positive properties of fruits and vegetables, which are an essential part of a healthy life with roles in ameliorating chronic illnesses and favoring longevity. Nutraceuticals are substances contained in a food or fragment of it influencing health with positive effects on health helping in precenting or treating disorders. We conducted a review illustrating the principal applications of nutraceuticals in autoimmune disorders. Literature reported several studies about exogenous dietary antioxidant supplementation in diverse autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, diabetes, and multiple sclerosis. In these pathologies, promising results were obtained in some cases. Positive outcomes were generally associated with a reduction of oxidative stress parameters and a boost to antioxidant systems, and sometimes with anti-inflammatory effects. The administration of exogenous substances through food derivates or dietary supplements following scientific standardization was demonstrated to be effective. Further bias-free and extended studies should be conducted that include ever-increasing oxidative stress biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Mannucci
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (C.M.); (E.E.S.); (G.C.)
| | - Marco Casciaro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit and School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-090-221-2013
| | - Emanuela Elisa Sorbara
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (C.M.); (E.E.S.); (G.C.)
| | - Fabrizio Calapai
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy; (F.C.); (M.N.)
| | - Eleonora Di Salvo
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Pioggia
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 98164 Messina, Italy;
| | - Michele Navarra
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy; (F.C.); (M.N.)
| | - Gioacchino Calapai
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (C.M.); (E.E.S.); (G.C.)
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit and School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy;
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Abdel-Aal RA, Abdel-Rahman MS, Al Bayoumi S, Ali LA. Effect of stevia aqueous extract on the antidiabetic activity of saxagliptin in diabetic rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 265:113188. [PMID: 32783985 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni is a perennial herb that belongs to the Asteraceae family. It is a natural sweetener plant known as "Sweet Leaf", "Sweet Herbs" and "Honey Leaf", which is estimated to be 300 times more sweetening than sugar cane. Stevia has been used as a traditional treatment for diabetes in many countries for hundreds of years. Several animal studies referred to the antihyperglycemic activity of stevia. However, the combined use of stevia with saxagliptin has not been studied so far, so this study has been done. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antihyperglycemic effect of stevia alone and in combination with saxagliptin. MATERIALS AND METHODS Diabetes was induced in rats by i.p. injection of streptozotocin and nicotinamide. Animals were divided into five groups, each contains eight rats. Group I: included negative controland group II: included diabetic control that received saline. Group III: included diabetic rats that received 400 mg/kg/day stevia aqueous extract. Group IV: included diabetic rats that received saxagliptin 10 mg/kg/day. Group V: included diabetic rats that received stevia 400 mg/kg + saxagliptin 10 mg/kg. Food and water intake were measured daily while body weight was measured weekly. After 3 weeks animals were sacrificed and blood and tissue samples were collected. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum insulin, serum dipeptidylepeptidase-4 (DPP-4), TC, TGs, LDL, HDL, GSH and MDA were measured in treated and control rats by colorimetric and ELISA methods. RESULTS Both stevia and saxagliptin significantly reduced food, water intake, body weight and FBG. Stevia with saxagliptin produced more significant decrease in FBG. While serum insulin increased significantly in stevia, saxagliptin treated groups and their combination. Serum DPP-4 decreased significantly in all treated groups, concerning lipid profile, stevia and saxagliptin notably lowered TC, TGs, and LDL and increased HDL. Both stevia and saxagliptin remarkably decreased MDA and increased GSH compared to diabetic rats. In addition, stevia significantly improved the antidiabetic effects of saxagliptin. CONCLUSION Stevia has an antihyperglycemic effect and could enhance the antidiabetic activity of saxagliptin. DPP-4 attenuation, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant activity as well as improvement of insulin sensitivity may be involved in the antidiabetic action of stevia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raafat A Abdel-Aal
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Egypt.
| | | | - Soad Al Bayoumi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Egypt.
| | - Laila A Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Egypt.
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He L, Zhang FJ, Li HY, Li L, Song LG, Mao Y, Li J, Liu HM, Li FL, Xu LY, Huo YJ, Wang HH, Luo F, Kang ZQ. Anti-diabetic Role of Adropin in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats via Alteration of PI3K/Akt and Insulin Signaling Pathway. J Oleo Sci 2021; 70:657-664. [PMID: 33952790 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess21019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a hyperglycemia-related multifactorial condition with an elevated risk of microvascular and microvascular complications associated with this disease. The current experimental study was to examine the antidiabetic activity of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced adropin against diabetic rats by altering the PI3K/Akt and insulin signaling pathways. STZ (60 mg/kg) was used for the induction of DM and rats were divided into different groups and received the adropin (20, 40 and 80 mg/kg) and glibenclamide (10 mg/kg) till 28 days. Body weight, plasma insulin, blood glucose and food intake were estimated, respectively. Biochemical enzymes, carbohydrate enzymes, lipid parameters, AMPK and insulin signalling pathway parameters were estimated. GLUT4 and PPARγ expression were also estimated. Oral administration of adropin significantly (p < 0.001) increased the glycogen, glucose-6-phosphatase dehydrogenase, insulin, hexokinase and belittled the blood glucose level, fructose 1-6-biphosphatase, glucose-6-phosphatase at dose dependent manner. Adropin significantly (p < 0.001) reduced the level of triglyceride, cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, very low density lipoprotein and increased the level of high density lipoprotein at dose dependent manner. Adropin significantly (p < 0.001) activated the Akt, IRS-2, IRS-1, IR, p-AKT and PI3k, which are the key modulator molecules of PI3K/Akt, AMPK and insulin signalling pathway in DM rats. The current experimental study confirms the anti-diabetic effect of adropin on DM rats induced by AMPK and insulin signalling pathway against STZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li He
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University
| | - Feng-Jiao Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University
| | - Hao-Yun Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University
| | - Li-Ge Song
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University
| | - Yu Mao
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University
| | - Hong-Mei Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University
| | - Feng-Li Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University
| | - Ling-Yu Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University
| | - Ya-Jie Huo
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University
| | - Huan-Huan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University
| | - Fang Luo
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University
| | - Zhi-Qiang Kang
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University
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Kurek JM, Król E, Krejpcio Z. Steviol Glycosides Supplementation Affects Lipid Metabolism in High-Fat Fed STZ-Induced Diabetic Rats. Nutrients 2020; 13:nu13010112. [PMID: 33396905 PMCID: PMC7823366 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of health-promoting properties of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni and its glycosides, including the antihyperglycemic activity, have been found. The mechanisms of the antidiabetic action of stevia have not been fully understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of supplementary steviol glycosides on high-fat fed streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats with particular attention to lipid metabolism. The experiment was conducted on 70 male Wistar rats, of which 60 were fed a high-fat diet for 8 weeks followed by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin, to induce type 2 diabetes. Afterwards, rats were divided into six groups and fed a high-fat diet supplemented with pure stevioside or rebaudioside A, at two levels (500 or 2500 mg/kg body weight (b.w.)) for 5 weeks. Three additional groups: diabetic untreated, diabetic treated with metformin, and healthy, served as respective controls. Blood and dissected internal organs were collected for hematological, biochemical, and histopathological tests. It was found that dietary supplementation with steviol glycosides did not affect blood glucose, insulin, and insulin resistance indices, antioxidant biomarkers, but normalized hyperlipidemia and affected the appetite, as well as attenuated blood liver and kidney function indices, and reduced tissular damage in diabetic rats. Steviol glycosides normalize lipid metabolism and attenuate internal organs damage in diabetes.
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Nabi I, Megateli I, Nait Bachir Y, Djellouli S, Hadj‐Ziane‐Zafour A. Effect of stevia and pectin supplementation on physicochemical properties, preservation and in‐vivo hypoglycemic potential of orange nectar. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.15124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ikram Nabi
- Chemical Engineering Laboratory Process Engineering Department Faculty of Technology University of Saad Dahlab‐Blida 1 Blida Algeria
| | - Ismaïn Megateli
- Biotechnology, Environment and Health Laboratory Nature and Life Sciences Faculty University of Saad Dahlab‐Blida 1 Blida Algeria
| | - Yacine Nait Bachir
- Chemical Engineering Laboratory Process Engineering Department Faculty of Technology University of Saad Dahlab‐Blida 1 Blida Algeria
| | - Salim Djellouli
- Pharmacology Laboratory Faculty of Medicine University of Saad Dahlab‐Blida 1 Blida Algeria
| | - Amel Hadj‐Ziane‐Zafour
- Chemical Engineering Laboratory Process Engineering Department Faculty of Technology University of Saad Dahlab‐Blida 1 Blida Algeria
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Ahmad MA, Javed R, Adeel M, Rizwan M, Yang Y. PEG 6000-Stimulated Drought Stress Improves the Attributes of In Vitro Growth, Steviol Glycosides Production, and Antioxidant Activities in Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9111552. [PMID: 33198205 PMCID: PMC7696522 DOI: 10.3390/plants9111552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study addresses the favourable effects of drought stress imposed by polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 on the micropropagated shoots of Stevia rebaudiana. Various concentrations, i.e., 0, 0.5, 1, 2, and 4% of PEG 6000 were applied to the nodal shoot explants for four weeks, and the influence produced on shoots growth parameters, bioactive steviol glycosides (rebaudioside A and stevioside), and nonenzymatic antioxidant activities (total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total reducing power (TRP) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)-free radical scavenging activity (FRSA)) was elucidated. The significantly highest yield (92.4% direct shoot organogenesis) and secondary metabolites (2.94% Reb A, 2.52% ST, 95.3% DPPH-FRSA, 15.0% TPC, 13.0 µg/mg TFC, 22.3 µg/mg TAC, and 19.8 µg/mg TRP) production in response to abiotic stress elicitors was obtained in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium treatment provided with 4% of PEG 6000. The overall trend was significant enhancement of growth dynamics and pharmaceutical compounds from control to 4% of PEG 6000 concentration as a defensive response against reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced in excess by water deficit. This is a very promising study to be employed in bioreactors to get markedly enhanced content of compounds of medicinal importance in the pharmaceutical market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Arslan Ahmad
- Key Lab of Eco-Restoration of Regional Contaminated Environment, Ministry of Education, Shenyang University, Shenyang 110044, China;
- Department of Tissue Engineering, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Rabia Javed
- Department of Tissue Engineering, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
- Correspondence: (R.J.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Muhammad Adeel
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Institute of Soil Science, PMAS Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan;
| | - Yuesuo Yang
- Key Lab of Eco-Restoration of Regional Contaminated Environment, Ministry of Education, Shenyang University, Shenyang 110044, China;
- Key Lab of Groundwater and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
- Correspondence: (R.J.); (Y.Y.)
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38
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El-Hadary A, Sitohy M. Safely effective hypoglycemic action of stevia and turmeric extracts on diabetic Albino rats. J Food Biochem 2020; 45:e13549. [PMID: 33161596 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The potentiality of Stevia leaves and turmeric roots as remedies against diabetes mellitus type 2 was tested in this study. Stevia leaves and turmeric roots were extracted with ethanol:water (80:20 v/v) and analyzed by HPLC. Turmeric extract (TUE) was rich in; curcumin, gallic acid, and eugenol. Stevia extract (STE) contained 28 known compounds, including glycosides, aromatic organic acids, and catechin. Fifty rats were divided into five groups (10 rats each); the control group were fed with feed and water ad libitum. Forty rats were injected a single dose of alloxan, then treated with either 10 mg/kg glibenclamide (GLI), 300 mg/kg STE, or 200 mg/kg TUE or water (positive control) through daily gastric oral gavages for 56 days. Treating diabetic rats with TUE significantly reduced serum glucose and glycated hemoglobin down to the negative control levels. Both GLI and STE produced similar but less effective actions. Animals treated with either STE or TUE exhibited reduced levels of liver and kidney markers compared to the negative control, while GLI increased them significantly. It could be concluded that turmeric roots and stevia leaves extracts can be used treatment for type 2 diabetes. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Turmeric roots and stevia leaves extracts may be used as a remedy for type 2 diabetic patients as aiding substituting treatments under medical supervision. The two plant sources can be used as raw materials for the extracts, which can be used under medical supervision as a gradual replacement of the synthetic antidiabetic drugs. These extracts can be used after a preliminary clinical study to determine the dose and frequency of administration. Stevia extract can be incorporated in drinks as a sweetener and drug. Turmeric extract has a bitter taste, so it may be incorporated in some foods such as bread, which is a traditional practice in some kinds of bread in Egypt. But its content in the bread and the acceptability of the taste should be adjusted. Alternatively, this food can incorporate both TUE and STE to get the best biological action and to conceal the bitter taste of turmeric.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdalla El-Hadary
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Sitohy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Mehmood A, Zhao L, Ishaq M, Zad OD, Zhao L, Wang C, Usman M, Lian Y, Xu M. Renoprotective effect of stevia residue extract on adenine-induced chronic kidney disease in mice. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.103983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
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40
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Myint KZ, Chen JM, Zhou ZY, Xia YM, Lin J, Zhang J. Structural dependence of antidiabetic effect of steviol glycosides and their metabolites on streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2020; 100:3841-3849. [PMID: 32297310 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stevia has been proposed as a potential antidiabetic sweetener, mainly based on inconsistent results from stevioside or the plant extract, yet lacking relative experimental evidence from individual steviol glycosides (SGs) and their metabolites. RESULTS The results systematically revealed that the typical SGs and their final metabolite (steviol) presented an antidiabetic effect on streptozotocin (STZ) diabetic mice in all assayed antidiabetic aspects. In general, the performance strength of the samples followed the sequence steviol > steviol glucosyl ester > steviolbioside > rubusoside > stevioside > rebaudioside A, which is opposite to their sweetness strength order, and generally in accordance with the glucosyl group numbers in their molecules. This may imply that the antidiabetic effect of the SGs might be achieved through steviol, which presented antidiabetic performance similar to that of metformin with a dose of 1/20 that of metformin. Moreover, the 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose traced micro-PET experiment revealed that stevioside and steviol could increase the uptake of glucose in the myocardium and brain of the diabetic mice within 60 min, and decrease the accumulation of glucose in the liver and kidney. CONCLUSIONS The SGs and steviol presented an antidiabetic effect on STZ diabetic mice in all assayed aspects, with an induction time to start the effect of the SGs. Stevioside and steviol could increase uptake of glucose in the myocardium and brain of the diabetic mice, and decrease accumulation of glucose in the liver and kidney. The performance strength of the SGs is generally in accordance with glucosyl group numbers in their molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaing Zar Myint
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jun-Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhuo-Yu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yong-Mei Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jianguo Lin
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine of Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Jue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine of Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, China
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Bayat E, Rahpeima Z, Dastghaib S, Gholizadeh F, Erfani M, Asadikaram G, Mokarram P. Stevia rebaudiana extract attenuate metabolic disorders in diabetic rats via modulation of glucose transport and antioxidant signaling pathways and aquaporin-2 expression in two extrahepatic tissues. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13252. [PMID: 32515037 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Today, plant-based therapies have been attracted attention to overcome diabetes complications. This study was an attempt to evaluate whether antidiabetic and nephroprotective effects of Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni (SRB) can be exerted via upregulation of GLUT-4, SNAP23, and Stx4 in skeletal muscles or modulation of AQP2 mRNA expression and antioxidant signaling pathway activity (Nrf2/Keap1) in kidneys. To achieve this aim, diabetes was induced via STZ-nicotinamide (STZ-NA). Diabetes increased the level of Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine, Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS), and Keap1 mRNA expression, which was coincide with reduction in mRNA levels of Nrf2, GLUT4, SNAP23, and Stx4. SRB and metformin compensate mentioned variables. However, SRB extract was more effective than metformin to increase the levels of GLUT4 and Nrf2 mRNA. It seems that SRB might attenuate the diabetic complications via manipulating the glucose uptake components in peripheral tissues and might exert the nephroprotective effects by modulation of AQP2, and Nrf2/Keap1 mRNA expression. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Synthetic antidiabetic drugs have been only partially successful in controlling the diabetic complications. Moreover, use of these drugs is associated with a number of adverse effects. Over the past few years, a renewed attention has been paid to the prevention and treatment of diabetes using medicinal plants and functional foods. SRB that have been known as natural sweetener for centuries, is a such natural agent that has high source of various phytochemicals with antidiabetic, renal protective, antitumor, and antioxidant properties. In the current study, possible molecular mechanisms of insulin-mimetic and nephroprotective effects of SRB extract was evaluated in diabetic rats. Due to powerful antihyperglycemic and nephroprotective effects of SRB extract that were showed in this study and previous studies, hence the fact that SRB is to be highlighted for future research as a new therapeutic agent for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elahe Bayat
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Rahpeima
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Sanaz Dastghaib
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Gholizadeh
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehran Erfani
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Asadikaram
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Pooneh Mokarram
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Autophagy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Zou X, Tan Q, Goh BH, Lee LH, Tan KL, Ser HL. ‘Sweeter’ than its name: anti-inflammatory activities of Stevia rebaudiana. ALL LIFE 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/26895293.2020.1771434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Zou
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, 510006 Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - QiWen Tan
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, 510006 Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bey-Hing Goh
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
- Biofunctional Molecule Exploratory Research Group (BMEX), School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Learn-Han Lee
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Veterinary and Animal Science, Lahore, Pakistan
- Center of Health Outcomes Research and Therapeutic Safety (Cohorts), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery (NBDD) Research Group, Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Kai-Leng Tan
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, 510006 Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hooi-Leng Ser
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, 510006 Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery (NBDD) Research Group, Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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43
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Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni.: an updated review of its health benefits, industrial applications and safety. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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44
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Ranjbar T, Nekooeian AA, Tanideh N, Koohi-Hosseinabadi O, Masoumi SJ, Amanat S, Azarpira N, Monabati A. A comparison of the effects of Stevia extract and metformin on metabolic syndrome indices in rats fed with a high-fat, high-sucrose diet. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13242. [PMID: 32478426 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The beneficial effects of Stevia on metabolic indices have been studied in recent years. However, controversial results emphasize the need for further investigation. We aimed to examine and compare the effects of Stevia's hydroalcoholic extract with two dosages (200, 400 mg/kg) with those of metformin (100 mg/kg) on metabolic syndrome (MetS) indices of rats fed with a high-fat, high-sucrose diet (HFHS). It was found that both Stevia extract and metformin could prevent the adverse effects of a HFHS on lipid profile, liver enzymes, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and histopathologic factors. Except for the finding that metformin showed a greater potential to alleviate insulin resistance than did Stevia extract, no significant difference was observed between the rats receiving metformin or Stevia extract. In addition, using a high treatment dosage of Stevia extract did not lead to better results than a low dosage. Collectively, the efficacy of Stevia extracts to modify metabolic, oxidative, and histopathological indices in a MetS model was comparable to that of the metformin. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: This study was aimed to compare the efficiency of Stevia hydroalcoholic extract with metformin in attenuating MetS abnormalities of rats induced by a high-fat, high-sucrose diet. The results showed the beneficial changes caused due to the administration of Stevia extract on lipid profile, antioxidant capacity, liver enzyme, and liver histopathological indices. The changes were comparable with the results of metformin group. Despite some promising results, further investigation is suggested to evaluate the effectiveness of Stevia extract on human subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh Ranjbar
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Nekooeian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nader Tanideh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Omid Koohi-Hosseinabadi
- Department of Central Research Laboratory, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Jalil Masoumi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sasan Amanat
- Student Research Committee, Larestan University of Medical Sciences, Larestan, Iran
| | - Negar Azarpira
- Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Monabati
- Department of Pathology and Hematology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Ramos-Tovar E, Flores-Beltrán RE, Galindo-Gómez S, Camacho J, Tsutsumi V, Muriel P. An aqueous extract of Stevia rebaudiana variety Morita II prevents liver damage in a rat model of cirrhosis that mimics the human disease. Ann Hepatol 2020; 18:472-479. [PMID: 31053541 DOI: 10.1016/j.aohep.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND AIM Stevia has exhibited antioxidant, antihyperglycemic, antihypertensive and anti-inflammatory properties in several in vivo and in vitro models. The objective of this study was to investigate the ability of an aqueous extract of stevia (AES) to prevent experimental cirrhosis in rats and to explore its mechanism of action. MATERIALS AND METHODS Liver cirrhosis was induced by administering carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) (400mg/kg by i.p. injection 3 times a week for 12 weeks); AES was administered (100mg/kg by gavage daily) during the CCl4 treatment. Fibrosis was evaluated with histological, biochemical and molecular approaches, and liver damage was assessed with standardized procedures. The profibrotic pathways were analyzed by western blotting, qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Chronic CCl4 administration increased nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and proinflammatory cytokine production as well as oxidative parameters such as lipid peroxidation and 4-hydroxynonenal levels, whereas GSH and nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) levels were decreased. CCl4 induced profibrogenic mediator expression, hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation and, consequently, extracellular matrix production. AES exhibited antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic properties, probably because of its capacity to induce Nrf2 expression, reduce NF-κB expression and block several profibrogenic signaling pathways, subsequently inhibiting HSC activation and preventing fibrosis induced by chronic CCl4 administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Ramos-Tovar
- Laboratory of Experimental Hepatology, Department of Pharmacology, Cinvestav-IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rosa E Flores-Beltrán
- Laboratory of Experimental Hepatology, Department of Pharmacology, Cinvestav-IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Silvia Galindo-Gómez
- Department of Infectomics and Molecular Pathogenesis, Cinvestav-IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Javier Camacho
- Department of Pharmacology, Cinvestav-IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Víctor Tsutsumi
- Department of Infectomics and Molecular Pathogenesis, Cinvestav-IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Pablo Muriel
- Laboratory of Experimental Hepatology, Department of Pharmacology, Cinvestav-IPN, Mexico City, Mexico.
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Fakharzadeh S, Argani H, Torbati PM, Dadashzadeh S, Kalanaky S, Nazaran MH, Basiri A. DIBc nano metal-organic framework improves biochemical and pathological parameters of experimental chronic kidney disease. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2020; 61:126547. [PMID: 32460199 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The growing morbidity and mortality rate of chronic kidney disease (CKD) has forced researchers to find more efficient strategies for controlling this disease. Studies have proven the important role of alteration in iron, zinc and selenium metabolism in CKD pathological process. Nanotechnology, through synthetizing nano metal-organic framework (NMOF) structures, can be employed as a valuable strategy for using these trace elements as the key for modification and improvement of CKD-related pathological events. After proving the anti-diabetic property of DIBc NMOF (which contains selenium and zinc) in the previous study, the impact of this NMOF on some important biochemical and pathological parameters of CKD was evaluated in the current study. METHODS Knowing that diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of CKD, male wistar rats were selected and given a high fat diet for 2 weeks and then were injected with streptozotocin (35 mg/kg) to induce DN. Six weeks after streptozotocin injection, DIBc or metformin treatment started and continued for 8 weeks. RESULTS Eight weeks of DIBc treatment decreased plasma fasting blood glucose, blood urea nitrogen, uric acid, malondialdehyde (MDA) and HOMA-IR index compared to DN control and metformin groups. This NMOF significantly reduced urinary albumin excretion rate, MDA and 8-isoprostane, while it increased creatinine clearance in comparison to the above-mentioned groups. Renal histo-pathological images indicated that DIBc ameliorated glomerular basement membrane thickening and wrinkling, mesangial matrix expansion and hypercellularity and presence of intra-cytoplasmic hyaline droplets in proximal cortical tubules of kidney samples. CONCLUSION The results showed the therapeutic effect of DIBc on important biochemical and histo-pathological parameters of CKD, so this NMOF could be regarded as a promising novel anti-CKD agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saideh Fakharzadeh
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Research and Development, Sodour Ahrar Shargh Company, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Argani
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Peyman Mohammadi Torbati
- Department of Pathology, Labbafinejad Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Simin Dadashzadeh
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Kalanaky
- Department of Research and Development, Sodour Ahrar Shargh Company, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Abbas Basiri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Labbafinejad Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Sahai V, Kumar V. Anti-diabetic, hepatoprotective and antioxidant potential of Brassica oleracea sprouts. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2020.101623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Assi AA, Abd El-hamid DH, Abdel-Rahman MS, Ashry EE, AI Bayoumi S, Ahmed AM. The Potential Efficacy of Stevia Extract, Glimepiride and Their Combination in Treating Diabetic Rats: A Novel Strategy in Therapy of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC AND CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.32527/2020/101455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Abdel-Azim Assi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Doaa H. Abd El-hamid
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | | | - Esraa E. Ashry
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Soad AI Bayoumi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Asmaa M. Ahmed
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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Kakleas K, Christodouli F, Karavanaki K. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, insulin resistance, and sweeteners: a literature review. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2020; 15:83-93. [PMID: 32212870 DOI: 10.1080/17446651.2020.1740588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Sweeteners are substances used to replace sugar. They can either be chemically produced (artificial sweeteners) or extracted from plants (natural sweeteners). In the last two decades, there is an increased popularity in their role as sugar substitutes in individuals to promote weight loss or maintain glycemic control. However, despite their favorable effects, there is concern regarding their side effects and especially their influence in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).Areas covered: A comprehensive literature search was conducted on Medline including systematic reviews, longitudinal controlled studies, and retrospective cohort studies. We present an up-to-date systematic review of the current literature regarding the safety in artificial and natural sweeteners use as a means of weight loss or diabetes control.Expert opinion: Natural sweeteners have not been associated directly with NAFLD, and on the contrary, some, such as stevia, and trehalose, may have a protective effect. Rare sugars and polyols can be used safely and have significant benefits that include anti-oxidant effect and optimal glycemic control. Artificial sweeteners, due to their effect on NAFLD development and insulin resistance, are not indicated in patients with obesity or diabetes. Further studies in human subjects are required to verify the above findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Kakleas
- Pediatric Department, Leicester Royal Infirmary, University Hospitals Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Foteini Christodouli
- Diabetes and Metabolism Clinic, 2nd Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "P&A Kyriakou" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Kyriaki Karavanaki
- Diabetes and Metabolism Clinic, 2nd Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "P&A Kyriakou" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Jahangir Chughtai MF, Pasha I, Zahoor T, Khaliq A, Ahsan S, Wu Z, Nadeem M, Mehmood T, Amir RM, Yasmin I, Liaqat A, Tanweer S. Nutritional and therapeutic perspectives of Stevia rebaudiana as emerging sweetener; a way forward for sweetener industry. CYTA - JOURNAL OF FOOD 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/19476337.2020.1721562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Imran Pasha
- National Institute of Food Science & Technology, Faculty of Food Nutrition & Home Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Tahir Zahoor
- National Institute of Food Science & Technology, Faculty of Food Nutrition & Home Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Khaliq
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Samreen Ahsan
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Zhengzhong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Muhammad Nadeem
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Tariq Mehmood
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Rai Muhammad Amir
- Institute of Food and Nutritional Sciences, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Iqra Yasmin
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Barani Agricultural Research Institute, Chakwal, Pakistan
| | - Atif Liaqat
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Saira Tanweer
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
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