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Iacobini C, Vitale M, Sentinelli F, Haxhi J, Pugliese G, Menini S. Renal Expression and Localization of the Receptor for (Pro)renin and Its Ligands in Rodent Models of Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome, and Age-Dependent Focal and Segmental Glomerulosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2217. [PMID: 38396894 PMCID: PMC10888662 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The (pro)renin receptor ((P)RR), a versatile protein found in various organs, including the kidney, is implicated in cardiometabolic conditions like diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, potentially contributing to organ damage. Importantly, changes in (pro)renin/(P)RR system localization during renal injury, a critical information base, remain unexplored. This study investigates the expression and topographic localization of the full length (FL)-(P)RR, its ligands (renin and prorenin), and its target cyclooxygenase-2 and found that they are upregulated in three distinct animal models of renal injury. The protein expression of these targets, initially confined to specific tubular renal cell types in control animals, increases in renal injury models, extending to glomerular cells. (P)RR gene expression correlates with protein changes in a genetic model of focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis. However, in diabetic and high-fat-fed mice, (P)RR mRNA levels contradict FL-(P)RR immunoreactivity. Research on diabetic mice kidneys and human podocytes exposed to diabetic glucose levels suggests that this inconsistency may result from disrupted intracellular (P)RR processing, likely due to increased Munc18-1 interacting protein 3. It follows that changes in FL-(P)RR cellular content mechanisms are specific to renal disease etiology, emphasizing the need for consideration in future studies exploring this receptor's involvement in renal damage of different origins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Iacobini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, “La Sapienza” University, 00189 Rome, Italy; (C.I.); (M.V.); (J.H.); (S.M.)
| | - Martina Vitale
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, “La Sapienza” University, 00189 Rome, Italy; (C.I.); (M.V.); (J.H.); (S.M.)
| | - Federica Sentinelli
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, “La Sapienza” University, 00189 Rome, Italy;
| | - Jonida Haxhi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, “La Sapienza” University, 00189 Rome, Italy; (C.I.); (M.V.); (J.H.); (S.M.)
| | - Giuseppe Pugliese
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, “La Sapienza” University, 00189 Rome, Italy; (C.I.); (M.V.); (J.H.); (S.M.)
| | - Stefano Menini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, “La Sapienza” University, 00189 Rome, Italy; (C.I.); (M.V.); (J.H.); (S.M.)
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Watts JA, Arroyo JP. Rethinking Vasopressin: New Insights into Vasopressin Signaling and Its Implications. KIDNEY360 2023; 4:1174-1180. [PMID: 37357355 PMCID: PMC10476687 DOI: 10.34067/kid.0000000000000194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Vasopressin is a highly conserved peptide hormone that has been traditionally associated with water homeostasis. There is accumulating evidence in both humans and animal models that vasopressin is implicated in the regulation of metabolism. This review focuses on the effects that vasopressin exerts on the regulation of glucose and fatty acids with a particular emphasis on the potential repercussions of metabolic dysregulation in kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason A. Watts
- Epigenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Juan Pablo Arroyo
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
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Broadening horizons in mechanisms, management, and treatment of diabetic kidney disease. Pharmacol Res 2023; 190:106710. [PMID: 36871895 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the first cause of end-stage kidney disease in patients with diabetes and its prevalence is increasing worldwide. It encompasses histological alterations that mainly affect the glomerular filtration unit, which include thickening of the basement membrane, mesangial cell proliferation, endothelial alteration, and podocyte injury. These morphological abnormalities further result in a persistent increase of urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio and in a reduction of the estimated glomerular filtration rate. Several molecular and cellular mechanisms have been recognized, up to date, as major players in mediating such clinical and histological features and many more are being under investigation. This review summarizes the most recent advances in understanding cell death mechanisms, intracellular signaling pathways and molecular effectors that play a role in the onset and progression of diabetic kidney damage. Some of those molecular and cellular mechanisms have been already successfully targeted in preclinical models of DKD and, in some cases, strategies have been tested in clinical trials. Finally, this report sheds light on the relevance of novel pathways that may become therapeutic targets for future applications in DKD.
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Johnson MJ, Tommerdahl KL, Vinovskis C, Waikar S, Reinicke T, Parikh CR, Obeid W, Nelson RG, van Raalte DH, Pyle L, Nadeau KJ, Bjornstad P. Relationship between biomarkers of tubular injury and intrarenal hemodynamic dysfunction in youth with type 1 diabetes. Pediatr Nephrol 2022; 37:3085-3092. [PMID: 35286453 PMCID: PMC9470783 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-022-05487-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early identification of youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D) at risk for diabetic kidney disease may improve clinical outcomes. We examined the cross-sectional relationship between kidney biomarkers neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), copeptin, interleukin-18 (IL-18), kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), chitinase-3-like protein-1 (YKL-40), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and intrarenal hemodynamic function in adolescents with T1D. METHODS Urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR), renal vascular resistance (RVR), glomerular filtration rate (GFR), intraglomerular pressure (PGLO), efferent arteriole resistance (RE), afferent arteriolar resistance (RA), and renal plasma flow (RPF), and the above indicated biomarkers were assessed in youth aged 12-21 years with and without T1D of < 10 years duration. RESULTS Fifty adolescents with T1D (16.1 ± 3.0 years, HbA1c 8.6 ± 1.2%) and 20 adolescents of comparable BMI without T1D (16.1 ± 2.9 years, HbA1c 5.2 ± 0.2%) were enrolled. Adolescents with T1D demonstrated significantly higher GFR, RPF, RE, and PGLO than controls (39%, 33%, 74%, and 29%, respectively, all p < 0.0001). Adolescents with T1D also exhibited significantly lower RVR and RA than controls (25% and 155%, respectively, both p < 0.0001). YKL-40 and KIM-1 concentrations, respectively, were positively associated with GFR (r: 0.43, p = 0.002; r: 0.41, p = 0.003), RPF (r: 0.29, p = 0.08; r: 0.34, p = 0.04), UACR (r: 0.33, p = 0.02; r: 0.50, p = 0.0002), and PGLO (r: 0.45, p = 0.006; r: 0.52, p = 0.001) in adolescents with T1D. CONCLUSIONS Higher concentrations of biomarkers YKL-40 and KIM-1 may help define the risk for intraglomerular hemodynamic dysfunction in youth with T1D. A higher resolution version of the Graphical abstract is available as Supplementary information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa J Johnson
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Endocrinology, Children's Hospital Colorado and University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kalie L Tommerdahl
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Endocrinology, Children's Hospital Colorado and University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
- Ludeman Center for Women's Health Research, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Carissa Vinovskis
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Endocrinology, Children's Hospital Colorado and University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Sushrut Waikar
- Section of Nephrology, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Trenton Reinicke
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Endocrinology, Children's Hospital Colorado and University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Chirag R Parikh
- Division of Nephrology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Wassim Obeid
- Division of Nephrology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Robert G Nelson
- Chronic Kidney Disease Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Daniel H van Raalte
- Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Laura Pyle
- Department of Biostatistics, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kristen J Nadeau
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Endocrinology, Children's Hospital Colorado and University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Ludeman Center for Women's Health Research, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Petter Bjornstad
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Endocrinology, Children's Hospital Colorado and University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
- Ludeman Center for Women's Health Research, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 13123 E. 16th AveBox B265, Aurora, CO, USA.
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Xie X, Bai G, Qiang D, Zhang L, Liu H, He YT, Zhang X. Changes in serum copeptin in the early onset of type 2 diabetes. Facets (Ott) 2022. [DOI: 10.1139/facets-2022-0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Copeptin (C-terminal fragment of pro-arginine vasopressin) levels change as fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and blood pressure change. To explore the clinical significance of changes in copeptin levels in development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), we enrolled patients undergoing physical health examinations who met diagnostic criteria for prediabetes and T2DM. Subjects were divided into eight subgroups based on FPG levels and presence or absence of hypertension, including: a normal group (NGT), FPG < 5.6 mmol/L; prediabetes A, 5.6 mmol/L ≤ FPG < 6.1 mmol/L; prediabetes B, 6.1 mmol/L ≤ FPG < 7.0 mmol/L; and T2DM, FPG ≥ 7.0 mmol/L; participants were further into two subgroups by whether they had hypertension or not. Measures included biochemical indicators, fasting insulin (FINS), and copeptin. Copeptin levels in prediabetes A, prediabetes B, and T2DM groups increased significantly compared to NGT group ( P < 0.01). No significant differences were found in copeptin levels between normal blood pressure and hypertension subgroups in all four groups. Copeptin levels correlated positively with systolic blood pressure, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), FPG, FINS, and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR; P < 0.05–0.001), and negatively with insulin secretion index ( P < 0.05–0.001). Stepwise regression analysis revealed that copeptin levels correlated independently with elevated HbA1c and aggravated HOMA-IR ( P < 0.001). Increase in copeptin levels may aggravate insulin resistance, finally leading to T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Xie
- Department of Endocrinology: The First People’s Hospital of Yinchuan, Yinchuan 750001, China
| | - Guirong Bai
- Department of Endocrinology: The First People’s Hospital of Yinchuan, Yinchuan 750001, China
| | - Dan Qiang
- Department of Endocrinology: The First People’s Hospital of Yinchuan, Yinchuan 750001, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology: The First People’s Hospital of Yinchuan, Yinchuan 750001, China
| | - Huili Liu
- Department of Endocrinology: The First People’s Hospital of Yinchuan, Yinchuan 750001, China
| | - Yan Ting He
- Department of Endocrinology: The First People’s Hospital of Yinchuan, Yinchuan 750001, China
| | - Xiaojuan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology: The First People’s Hospital of Yinchuan, Yinchuan 750001, China
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Kourtidou C, Stangou M, Marinaki S, Tziomalos K. Novel Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Patients with Diabetic Kidney Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011196. [PMID: 34681856 PMCID: PMC8537513 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) are at very high risk for cardiovascular events. Only part of this increased risk can be attributed to the presence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and to other DM-related comorbidities, including hypertension and obesity. The identification of novel risk factors that underpin the association between DKD and cardiovascular disease (CVD) is essential for risk stratification, for individualization of treatment and for identification of novel treatment targets.In the present review, we summarize the current knowledge regarding the role of emerging cardiovascular risk markers in patients with DKD. Among these biomarkers, fibroblast growth factor-23 and copeptin were studied more extensively and consistently predicted cardiovascular events in this population. Therefore, it might be useful to incorporate them in risk stratification strategies in patients with DKD to identify those who would possibly benefit from more aggressive management of cardiovascular risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christodoula Kourtidou
- First Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA Hospital, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece;
- Correspondence:
| | - Maria Stangou
- Department of Nephrology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokration Hospital, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Smaragdi Marinaki
- Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Konstantinos Tziomalos
- First Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA Hospital, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece;
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Piani F, Reinicke T, Borghi C, Tommerdahl KL, Cara-Fuentes G, Johnson RJ, Bjornstad P. Acute Kidney Injury in Pediatric Diabetic Kidney Disease. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:668033. [PMID: 34211943 PMCID: PMC8239177 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.668033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a common complication of type 1 and 2 diabetes and often presents during adolescence and young adulthood. Given the growing incidence of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents, DKD represents a significant public health problem. Acute kidney injury (AKI) in youth with diabetes is strongly associated with risk of DKD development. This review will summarize the epidemiology and pathophysiology of AKI in children with diabetes, the relationship between AKI and DKD, and the potential therapeutic interventions. Finally, we will appraise the impact of the recent COVID-19 infection pandemic on AKI in children with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Piani
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States.,Section of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Colorado and University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States.,Department of Medicine and Surgery Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Trenton Reinicke
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Claudio Borghi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Kalie L Tommerdahl
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States.,Section of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Colorado and University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Gabriel Cara-Fuentes
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States.,Section of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Richard J Johnson
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Petter Bjornstad
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States.,Section of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Colorado and University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
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