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Xu Y, Wang H, Bai Q, Ma S, Bo C, Ou J. Selective adsorption and identification of penicillin G sodium in milk by molecularly imprinted polymer doped carbon dot. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:186. [PMID: 38451316 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06269-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
A carbon dot (CD) was prepared by o-phenylenediamine and water, which showed bright yellow fluorescence under ultraviolet light irradiation (λ = 580 nm), and verified good fluorescence quenching effect on penicillin G sodium (Png-Na). Using methacrylic acid as a functional monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as a crosslinker, and Png-Na as a template, a kind of composite microsphere combining CD and molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) was synthesized by surface-initiated atomic transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP). For reasons of comparison, we also prepared MIP without CD and non-imprinted polymers (NIPs). Through static and dynamic adsorption experiments, the maximum adsorption capacity was 47.05 mg g-1 and the equilibrium time was 30 min. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was utilized to determine the content of Png-Na in the spiked milk samples. A sensitive, rapid, and simple method for determination of Png-Na in food samples was developed. The utilized approach enabled the quantification of Png-Na within the concentration range 20-1000 μg L-1 (with a limit of detection of 5 μg L-1). The recoveries achieved were in the range 93.3-98.2%, with a relative standard deviation of 1.2-4.2%. The results demonstrated that CD@MIP possessed the capability of specific adsorption and fluorescence detection of Png-Na, enabling simultaneous detection and enrichment of Png-Na in real samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Haiping Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Qingyan Bai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Shujuan Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Chunmiao Bo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, China.
| | - Junjie Ou
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China.
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China.
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2
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Tu JW, Li Y, Chen L, Miao W. Iron-loading N and S heteroatom doped porous carbon derived from chitosan and CdS-Tetrahymena thermophila for peroxymonosulfate activation. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127347. [PMID: 37820898 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Transforming waste into resources is an important strategy to enhance the economic efficiency and reduce the waste entering the environment. In this work, iron-loading N and S co-doped porous carbon materials, as peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activator for pollutants degradation, were prepared by pyrolysis of the mixture of iron loading chitosan and CdS-Tetrahymena thermophila under N2 flow. Chitosan is mainly derived from the shell waste of shrimp and crab, and CdS-Tetrahymena thermophila is produced in the removing process of Cd2+ pollution bioremediation using Tetrahymena thermophila. The synergistic effects of iron related species and heteroatoms (S/N) co-doped porous carbon in the obtained carbon materials improved the performance for activating PMS. The prepared Fe-S-CS-1-900 exhibited high performance for the degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) by activating PMS. Radical quenching tests and electron paramagnetic resonance measurements suggested that superoxide radical (O2-) and singlet oxygen (1O2) were the primary reactive oxygen species in RhB degradation. These results propose new insights of using biomass waste to derive Fe-loading N and S heteroatom co-doping carbon as PMS activator applied in the removal of organic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Wei Tu
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Yangyang Li
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Lanzhou Chen
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
| | - Wei Miao
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
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3
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Song T, Gao Y, Wei H, Zhao Y, Li S, Jiang Y. The utilization of microwaves in revitalizing peroxymonosulfate for tetracycline decomposition: optimization via response surface methodology. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2023; 88:2986-2995. [PMID: 38096083 PMCID: wst_2023_375 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2023.375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic contamination in water has received significant attention in recent years for the reason that the residuals of antibiotics can promote the progression of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs). It is difficult to treat antibiotics using conventional biological treatment methods. In order to investigate an efficient new method of treating antibiotics in water, in this study, microwave (MW) was employed in revitalizing peroxymonosulfate (PMS) to treat typical antibiotic tetracycline (TC). The Box-Behnken design (BBD) was applied to organize the experimental schemes. The response surface methodology (RSM) optimization was run to derive the best experimental conditions and validated using actual data. Moreover, the main mechanisms of PMS activation via MW were resolved. The results demonstrated that the relationship between TC removal rate and influencing factors was consistent with a quadratic model, where the P-value was less than 0.05, and the model was considered significant. The optimal condition resulting from the model optimization were power = 800 W, [PMS] = 0.4 mM, and pH = 6.0. Under such conditions, the actual removal of TC was 99.3%, very close to the predicted value of 99%. The quenching experiment confirmed that SO4•- and •OH were jointly responsible for TC removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiehong Song
- Urban Construction College, Changchun University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Changchun 130600, China E-mail: ;
| | - Yanjiao Gao
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Hongyan Wei
- Urban Construction College, Changchun University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Changchun 130600, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Urban Construction College, Changchun University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Changchun 130600, China
| | - Shujie Li
- Urban Construction College, Changchun University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Changchun 130600, China
| | - Yi Jiang
- Key Lab of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun 130118, China
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Yan Y, Wei Z, Duan X, Long M, Spinney R, Dionysiou DD, Xiao R, Alvarez PJJ. Merits and Limitations of Radical vs. Nonradical Pathways in Persulfate-Based Advanced Oxidation Processes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:12153-12179. [PMID: 37535865 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c05153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Urbanization and industrialization have exerted significant adverse effects on water quality, resulting in a growing need for reliable and eco-friendly treatment technologies. Persulfate (PS)-based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are emerging as viable technologies to treat challenging industrial wastewaters or remediate groundwater impacted by hazardous wastes. While the generated reactive species can degrade a variety of priority organic contaminants through radical and nonradical pathways, there is a lack of systematic and in-depth comparison of these pathways for practical implementation in different treatment scenarios. Our comparative analysis of reaction rate constants for radical vs. nonradical species indicates that radical-based AOPs may achieve high removal efficiency of organic contaminants with relatively short contact time. Nonradical AOPs feature advantages with minimal water matrix interference for complex wastewater treatments. Nonradical species (e.g., singlet oxygen, high-valent metals, and surface activated PS) preferentially react with contaminants bearing electron-donating groups, allowing enhancement of degradation efficiency of known target contaminants. For byproduct formation, analytical limitations and computational chemistry applications are also considered. Finally, we propose a holistically estimated electrical energy per order of reaction (EE/O) parameter and show significantly higher energy requirements for the nonradical pathways. Overall, these critical comparisons help prioritize basic research on PS-based AOPs and inform the merits and limitations of system-specific applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqi Yan
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
- Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Zongsu Wei
- Centre for Water Technology (WATEC) & Department of Engineering, Aarhus University, Hangøvej 2, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Xiaoguang Duan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA5005, Australia
| | - Mingce Long
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Richard Spinney
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Dionysios D Dionysiou
- Environmental Engineering and Science Program, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
| | - Ruiyang Xiao
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
- Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Pedro J J Alvarez
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rice University, Houston, 77005, United States
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Mehralipour J, Bagheri S, Gholami M. Synthesis and characterization of rGO/Fe 0/Fe 3O 4/TiO 2 nanocomposite and application of photocatalytic process in the decomposition of penicillin G from aqueous. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18172. [PMID: 37519670 PMCID: PMC10372246 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we synthesized rGO/Fe0/Fe3O4/TiO2 nanocomposite according to Hummer's, and straightforward sol-gel method. The FESEM, EDX, TEM, FT-IR, XRD, BET, UV spectra, and VSM analysis were applied to determine the catalyst properties. Optimization of influence parameters on photocatalytic process performance to penicillin G degradation in aqueous media. pH (4-8), nanocomposite dose (10-20 mg/L), reaction time (30-60 min), and penicillin G concentration (50-100 mg/L) were optimized via central composite design. In the optimum condition of PCP, supplementary studies were done. As a result of the analysis, the nanocomposite was well synthesized and displayed superior photocatalytic properties for degrading organic pollutants. In addition to being magnetically separable, the synthesized rGO/Fe0/Fe3O4/TiO2 nanocomposite exhibits high recyclability up to 5 times. The quadratic model of optimization is based on the adjusted R2(0.99), and predicated R2(0.97) suggested. According to the analysis of variance test, the model was significant (F-Value = 162.95, P-Value = 0.0001). Photocatalytic process is most efficiently decomposed at pH = 6.5, catalyst dose = 18.5 mg/L, reaction time = 59.1 min, and penicillin G concentration = 52 mg/L (efficiency = 96%). The chemical oxygen demand and total organic carbon decrease were 78, and 65%. The photolysis and adsorption mechanism as a single mechanism had lower performance in penicillin G degradation. Benzocaine had the greatest effect on reducing the efficiency of the process as a radical scavenger. The °OH, h+, and O2●- were the main reactive oxidant species in penicillin G removal. Phenoxyacetaldehyde, Acetanilide, Diacetamate, Phenylalanylglycine, N-Acetyl-l-phenylalanine, Diformyldapsone, and Succisulfone were the main intermediates in penicillin G degradation. The results indicated the photocatalytic process with rGO/Fe0/Fe3O4/TiO2 nanocomposite on a laboratory scale has good efficiency in removing penicillin G antibiotic. The application of real media requires further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamal Mehralipour
- Research Center for Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Susan Bagheri
- Research Center for Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Gholami
- Research Center for Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Jorge N, Teixeira AR, Fernandes L, Afonso S, Oliveira I, Gonçalves B, Lucas MS, Peres JA. Treatment of Winery Wastewater by Combined Almond Skin Coagulant and Sulfate Radicals: Assessment of HSO5- Activators. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20032486. [PMID: 36767852 PMCID: PMC9916210 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The large production of wine and almonds leads to the generation of sub-products, such as winery wastewater (WW) and almond skin. WW is characterized by its high content of recalcitrant organic matter (biodegradability index < 0.30). Therefore, the aim of this work was to (1) apply the coagulation-flocculation-decantation (CFD) process with an organic coagulant based on almond skin extract (ASE), (2) treat the organic recalcitrant matter through sulfate radical advanced oxidation processes (SR-AOPs) and (3) evaluate the efficiency of combined CFD with UV-A, UV-C and ultrasound (US) reactors. The CFD process was applied with variation in the ASE concentration vs. pH, with results showing a chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal of 61.2% (0.5 g/L ASE, pH = 3.0). After CFD, the germination index (GI) of cucumber and corn seeds was ≥80%; thus, the sludge can be recycled as fertilizer. The SR-AOP initial conditions were achieved by the application of a Box-Behnken response surface methodology, which described the relationship between three independent variables (peroxymonosulfate (PMS) concentration, cobalt (Co2+) concentration and UV-A radiation intensity). Afterwards, the SR-AOPs were optimized by varying the pH, temperature, catalyst type and reagent addition manner. With the application of CFD as a pre-treatment followed by SR-AOP under optimal conditions (pH = 6.0, [PMS] = 5.88 mM, [Co2+] = 5 mM, T = 343 K, reaction time 240 min), the COD removal increased to 85.9, 82.6 and 80.2%, respectively, for UV-A, UV-C and US reactors. All treated wastewater met the Portuguese legislation for discharge in a municipal sewage network (COD ≤ 1000 mg O2/L). As a final remark, the combination of CFD with SR-AOPs is a sustainable, safe and clean strategy for WW treatment and subproduct valorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuno Jorge
- Escuela Internacional de Doctorado (EIDO), Campus da Auga, Campus Universitário de Ourense, Universidade de Vigo, As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain
- Centro de Química de Vila Real (CQVR), Departamento de Química, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ana R. Teixeira
- Centro de Química de Vila Real (CQVR), Departamento de Química, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Lisete Fernandes
- Centro de Química de Vila Real (CQVR), Departamento de Química, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Sílvia Afonso
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ivo Oliveira
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Berta Gonçalves
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Marco S. Lucas
- Centro de Química de Vila Real (CQVR), Departamento de Química, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - José A. Peres
- Centro de Química de Vila Real (CQVR), Departamento de Química, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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Zuo X, Jiang A, Zou S, Wu J, Ding B. Copper oxides activate peroxymonosulfate for degradation of methylene blue via radical and nonradical pathways: surface structure and mechanism. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:13023-13038. [PMID: 36121633 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23024-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A one-step hydrothermal method for preparation of copper oxides with different valences using ascorbic acid as a reducing reagent was developed for environmental remediation. The results suggested that the notable degradation performance of CuO0 may be attributable to the abundant active sites, such as Cu or Cu-O, and was not significantly related to the Cu valence state. In contrast to direct degradation of pollutants by traditional superoxide radicals (O2•-), O2•- played an important role in the reduction of high-valence Cu ions (Cu(III)). In addition, a series of radical quenching, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), and electrochemical experiments validated the existence of direct electron transfer between methylene blue (MB) and PMS mediated by CuO0 and surface-bound radicals. The results suggested that the CuO0/PMS system may be less susceptible to diverse ions and natural organic matter other than dihydrogen phosphate anions. The mechanism of MB degradation under alkaline conditions was different from that under acidic conditions in that it was not reliant on radicals or charge transfer but direct oxidation by PMS. This study provides new insights into the heterogeneous processes involved in PMS activation by the copper oxides. Furthermore, this paper devotes to providing theoretical basis on pollutant removal via PMS activated by copper oxides and developing low-cost and high-efficiency catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zuo
- Research Center of Water Treatment and Desalination, Naval Medical Center of PLA, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Aijun Jiang
- Naval Medical Center of PLA, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Shiyang Zou
- Research Center of Water Treatment and Desalination, Naval Medical Center of PLA, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Junrong Wu
- Research Center of Water Treatment and Desalination, Naval Medical Center of PLA, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Bingquan Ding
- Research Center of Water Treatment and Desalination, Naval Medical Center of PLA, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
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Song W, Li M, Xu S, Wang Z, Li J, Zhang X, Qiu W, Wang Z, Song Q, Bhatt K, Fu C. Performance and mechanisms for tetrabromobisphenol A efficient degradation in a novel homogeneous advanced treatment based on S 2O 42- activated by Fe 3. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 316:120579. [PMID: 36336186 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), a representative brominated flame retardant (BFR), generally could be debrominated and degraded effectively in photolysis systems with the high energy consumption. In this study, the novel sulfate radical (SO4•-) generation resource of dithionite (S2O42-), activated by the common transition metal of Fe3+, has been applied for establishing an innovative homogeneous advance treatment system for BFR treatment in water. When coupling Fe3+ with S2O42-, TBBPA degradation efficiency could be remarkably improved from 38.7% to 93.8% with the debromination and mineralization efficiency of 83.9% and 18.5% in 60 min, respectively. The primary reactive species also have been identified as SO3•-, SO4•- and •OH responsible for TBBPA treatment and the contributions of SO4•- and •OH have been calculated as 43.8% and 28.4% for TBBPA degradation, respectively. In Fe3+/S2O42- system, TBBPA was effectively degraded in a wide initial pH range (3.0-9.0), whose activation energy was calculated as 32.01 kJ mol-1. Due to the only operation of reagents dosing, the energy consumption and cost could be decreasing significantly without any light energy input and reaction conditions (e.g., pH and dissolved oxygen) adjustment compared with the general photolysis process. Moreover, some possible degradation approaches of TBBPA also have been proposed via GC-MS including debromination, hydroxylation, methylation, and mineralization in Fe3+/S2O42- system. And these probable degradation pathways also have been confirmed with the decreased Gibbs free energy (ΔG) based on density functional theory (DFT). This study has revealed that it was promising of Fe3+/S2O42- system for BFRs degradation and detoxification efficiently through the simple operation and mild condtions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Song
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Mu Li
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Water Resource Application and Environmental Pollution Control, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China; Shenzhen Environmental Science and New Energy Laboratory, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Sen Xu
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Zhuoyue Wang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Water Resource Application and Environmental Pollution Control, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Ji Li
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Water Resource Application and Environmental Pollution Control, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Water Resource Application and Environmental Pollution Control, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Wenhui Qiu
- School of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zhihong Wang
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Qi Song
- Henan Medscience Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Zhumadian, 463000, China
| | - Kalpana Bhatt
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Caixia Fu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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9
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Zhang D, Li Y, Dong L, Chen X, Guan Y, Liu W, Wang Z. Efficient degradation of PFOA in water by persulfate-assisted and UV-activated electrocoagulation technique using Fe foam electrode. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.141296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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10
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Lalas K, Arvaniti OS, Zkeri E, Nika MC, Thomaidis NS, Mantzavinos D, Stasinakis AS, Frontistis Z. Thermally activated persulfate oxidation of ampicillin: Kinetics, transformation products and ecotoxicity. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 846:157378. [PMID: 35843320 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The heat-activated persulfate system showed encouraging results for the destruction of the widely used antibiotic Ampicillin (AMP). AMP removal follows exponential decay, and the observed kinetic constant was enhanced with persulfate (PS) dosage at the range 50-500 mg L-1 and temperature (40-60 °C), while AMP thermolysis at 60 °C was almost negligible. The apparent activation energy was estimated to 124.7 kJ mol-1. Alkaline conditions, water matrix constituents like bicarbonates, humic acid, and real water matrices retarded AMP oxidation. Experiments performed with tert-butanol and methanol as scavengers demonstrated the contribution of sulfate radicals as the dominant reactive species. Seven transformation products (TPs) of AMP have been identified from AMP destruction. An EC50 value equal to 187 mg L-1 was calculated for 72 h of exposure of the microalgae Chlorella sorokiniana to AMP. According to the ecotoxicity experiments that conducted after treatment of AMP with PS for different reaction times, no important inhibition of microalgae was noticed for contact time of 72 h and 10 d. These results indicate the formation of no toxic AMP by-products for the applied experimental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosmas Lalas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Western Macedonia, GR 50132 Kozani, Greece
| | - Olga S Arvaniti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Caratheodory 1, University Campus, GR 26504 Patras, Greece; Department of Agricultural Development, Agrofood and Management of Natural Resources, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Psachna 34400, Greece
| | - Eirini Zkeri
- Department of Environment, University of the Aegean, GR 81100 Mytilene, Greece
| | - Maria-Christina Nika
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis Zografou, GR 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos S Thomaidis
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis Zografou, GR 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Dionissios Mantzavinos
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Caratheodory 1, University Campus, GR 26504 Patras, Greece
| | | | - Zacharias Frontistis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Western Macedonia, GR 50132 Kozani, Greece.
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11
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Accelerated degradation of groundwater-containing malathion using persulfate activated magnetic Fe3O4/graphene oxide nanocomposite for advanced water treatment. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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12
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Lin CC, Ke JY. Degradation of ofloxacin in water using heat/S2O82− process. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2022.104542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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13
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Arvaniti OS, Ioannidi AA, Mantzavinos D, Frontistis Z. Heat-activated persulfate for the degradation of micropollutants in water: A comprehensive review and future perspectives. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 318:115568. [PMID: 35777153 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This work is a critical review of the most important studies that have dealt with heat-activated persulfate to degrade persistent micropollutants in the last six years. The effect of the different operating parameters is discussed, wherein in all cases, the efficiency was favored at higher temperatures and oxidant concentrations. Particular emphasis was given to the effect of the aqueous matrix. Since heat activation is a homogeneous process based on the production of free radicals, in most of the studies presented, the removal of pollutants decreases as the complexity of the aqueous matrix increases except in cases where secondary oxidative species are produced that are selective with specific pollutants. It has also been observed that the change in toxicity usually follows the removal of the parent compound despite the formation of several by-products. Nowadays, combining different processes for the simultaneous activation of persulfate seems to be gaining ground. A hybrid process is an interesting strategy to reduce costs and increase efficiency, especially in real wastewater. In this light, the most interesting studies of hybrid systems for the destruction of micropollutants in recent years based on thermally activated persulfate are also summarized. Finally, some steps are proposed for future research towards the industrial application, including the study of chemical mixtures, the integrated toxicity assessment, the examination of simultaneous disinfection and decomposition of pollutants into real wastewater, the estimation of the required costs, and energy the combination of processes and their coupling with renewable sources, and the design of pilot plants and the scale-up of the hybrid processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga S Arvaniti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Caratheodory 1, University Campus, GR, 26504, Patras, Greece
| | - Alexandra A Ioannidi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Caratheodory 1, University Campus, GR, 26504, Patras, Greece
| | - Dionissios Mantzavinos
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Caratheodory 1, University Campus, GR, 26504, Patras, Greece
| | - Zacharias Frontistis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Western Macedonia, GR, 50132, Kozani, Greece.
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Song W, Zhou Y, Wang Z, Li J, Zhang X, Fu C, Du X, Wang Z, Qiu W. Accelerate sulfamethoxazole degradation and detoxification by persulfate mediated with Fe 2+&dithionite: Experiments and DFT calculation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 436:129254. [PMID: 35739773 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Advanced oxidation process (AOPs) is one of the most effective technologies for organic pollutants removal. In this study, diverse reactive species generation and enhanced sulfamethoxazole (SMX) degradation were investigated based on persulfate (PDS) activated by Fe2+&dithionite (DTN). When involving Fe2+&dithionite in PDS, SMX degradation efficiency reached 84 % within 30 min following a pseudo-first-order kinetic, which was higher than those in Fe2+/PDS (50.4 %) and Fe2+/O2/DTN (41.3 %). SO4•- and •OH were identified as dominant reactive species with a crucial role of FeSO3+ based on quenching experiment and electron spin resonance (ESR). The contributions of SO4·-, ·OH, and other species to SMX degradation were 60.1 %, 33.9 %, and 6 %, respectively. In Fe2+/DTN/PDS system, SMX was effectively degraded under nearly neutral pH (5.0-9.0), with activation energy of 96.04 kJ·mol-1. The experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculation demonstrated that three functional groups (benzenesulfonamido, benzene ring, and oxazole ring) were attacked for SMX degradation. Moreover, acute toxicity to Vibrio fischeri has enhanced in the earlier degradation process due to the intermediates and weaken with the continuous reaction. This work not only provides a high-activity SO4·--AOP for refractory pollutant treatment with possible dual radical generation resources, but elucidated diverse reactive species formation with Fe2+&dithionite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Song
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuxin Zhou
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Water Resource Application and Environmental Pollution Control, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhuoyue Wang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Water Resource Application and Environmental Pollution Control, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ji Li
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Water Resource Application and Environmental Pollution Control, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Water Resource Application and Environmental Pollution Control, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Caixia Fu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Xing Du
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhihong Wang
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wenhui Qiu
- School of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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Wang B, Wang Y. A comprehensive review on persulfate activation treatment of wastewater. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 831:154906. [PMID: 35364155 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
With increasingly serious environmental pollution and the production of various wastewater, water pollutants have posed a serious threat to human health and the ecological environment. The advanced oxidation process (AOP), represented by the persulfate (PS) oxidation process, has attracted increasing attention because of its economic, practical, safety and stability characteristics, opening up new ideas in the fields of wastewater treatment and environmental protection. However, PS does not easily react with organic pollutants and usually needs to be activated to produce oxidizing active substances such as sulfate radicals (SO4-) and hydroxyl radicals (OH) to degrade them. This paper summarizes the research progress of PS activation methods in the field of wastewater treatment, such as physical activation (e.g., thermal, ultrasonic, hydrodynamic cavitation, electromagnetic radiation activation and discharge plasma), chemical activation (e.g., alkaline, electrochemistry and catalyst) and the combination of the different methods, putting forward the advantages, disadvantages and influencing factors of various activation methods, discussing the possible activation mechanisms, and pointing out future development directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baowei Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, China.
| | - Yu Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, China
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16
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Impact of Antibiotics as Waste, Physical, Chemical, and Enzymatical Degradation: Use of Laccases. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144436. [PMID: 35889311 PMCID: PMC9319608 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The first traces of Tetracycline (TE) were detected in human skeletons from Sudan and Egypt, finding that it may be related to the diet of the time, the use of some dyes, and the use of soils loaded with microorganisms, such as Streptomyces spp., among other microorganisms capable of producing antibiotics. However, most people only recognise authors dating between 1904 and 1940, such as Ehrlich, Domagk, and Fleming. Antibiotics are the therapeutic option for countless infections treatment; unfortunately, they are the second most common group of drugs in wastewaters worldwide due to failures in industrial waste treatments (pharmaceutics, hospitals, senior residences) and their irrational use in humans and animals. The main antibiotics problem lies in delivered and non-prescribed human use, use in livestock as growth promoters, and crop cultivation as biocides (regulated activities that have not complied in some places). This practice has led to the toxicity of the environment as antibiotics generate eutrophication, water pollution, nutrient imbalance, and press antibiotic resistance. In addition, the removal of antibiotics is not a required process in global wastewater treatment standards. This review aims to raise awareness of the negative impact of antibiotics as residues and physical, chemical, and biological treatments for their degradation. We discuss the high cost of physical and chemical treatments, the risk of using chemicals that worsen the situation, and the fact that each antibiotic class can be transformed differently with each of these treatments and generate new compounds that could be more toxic than the original ones; also, we discuss the use of enzymes for antibiotic degradation, with emphasis on laccases.
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17
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Advanced Treatment of Palm Oil Mill Effluent Using Thermally Activated Persulfate Oxidation. SEPARATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/separations9070171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced treatment of biologically processed palm oil mill effluent (BIOTPOME), which possesses a potential danger to the water sources is required to meet the Malaysian discharge standard, as BIOTPOME contains high level of chemical oxygen demand (COD), suspended solids and oil and grease even after going through conventional treatment process. The significant but insufficient treatment efficiency of ponding system in Malaysia urged an alternative method to treat the recalcitrant organic compounds. Thus, post-treatment of BIOTPOME using oxidation by thermally activated persulfate process was proposed to solve this issue. In order to maximize the removal of COD and color, the central composite design (CCD) module of the response surface approach was used to optimize the interactions of the process variables temperature, S2O82−/COD ratio, and reaction time. In order to identify the significant terms of interacting process factors, CCD performed a batch study from which statistical models of responses were created. All models were confirmed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) showing significances with Prob > F less than 0.1. The optimal performance was obtained at the temperature of 67.4 °C, S2O82−/COD ratio of 9.8 and reaction time of 120 min, rendering COD removal of 85.65% and color removal of 85.74%. The total cost for the treatment process was RM0.94 per liter.
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Fernández-Velayos S, Sánchez-Marcos J, Munoz-Bonilla A, Herrasti P, Menéndez N, Mazarío E. Direct 3D printing of zero valent iron@polylactic acid catalyst for tetracycline degradation with magnetically inducing active persulfate. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:150917. [PMID: 34653463 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Catalyst stability has become a challenging issue for advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). Herein, we report an alternative method based on 3D printing technology to obtain zero-valent iron polylactic acid prototypes (ZVI@PLA) in a single step and without post etching treatment. ZVI@PLA was used to activate persulfate (PS) for the removal of Tetracycline (TC) in recirculating mode under two different heating methodologies, thermal bath and contactless heating promoted by magnetic induction (MIH). The effect of both heating methodologies was systematically analysed by comparing the kinetic constant of the degradation processes. It was demonstrated that the non-contact heating of ZVI by MIH reactivates the surface of the catalyst, renewing the surface iron content exposed to the pollutant solution, which makes the ZVI@PLA catalyst reusable up to 10 cycles with no efficiency reduction. In contrast, by using a conventional thermal bath, the kinetic constant gradually decreases over the 10 cycles, because of the superficial iron consumption, being the kinetic constant 5 times lower in the 10th run compared to MIH experiment. X-ray diffraction and Mössbauer spectroscopy confirmed the presence of metallic iron embedded in the ZVI@PLA prototype, whose crystalline structure remained unchanged for 10th cycles of MIH. Moreover, it was proven that with no contact heating technology at low magnetic fields (12.2 mT), the solution temperature does not increase, but only the surface of the catalyst does. Under these superficial heated conditions, kinetic rate is increased up to 0.016 min-1 compared to the value of 0.0086 min-1 obtained for conventional heating at 20 °C. This increase is explained not only by PS activation by iron leaching but also by the contribution of ZVI in the heterogeneous activation of persulfate.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Fernández-Velayos
- Departamento de Química Física Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Sánchez-Marcos
- Departamento de Química Física Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - A Munoz-Bonilla
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP-CSIC), C/ Juan de la Cierva 3, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - P Herrasti
- Departamento de Química Física Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - N Menéndez
- Departamento de Química Física Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - E Mazarío
- Departamento de Química Física Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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Zhang Y, Chu W. Bisphenol S degradation via persulfate activation under UV-LED using mixed catalysts: Synergistic effect of Cu-TiO 2 and Zn-TiO 2 for catalysis. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 286:131797. [PMID: 34426121 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A photocatalyst composed of Zn-TiO2 and Cu-TiO2 through simple physical mixing was used to activate persulfate(PS) for Bisphenol S (BPS) degradation. Zn-TiO2 and Cu-TiO2 were prepared with a sol gel method and were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman, Transmission electron microscope (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The two catalysts have shown an obvious synergistic effect in the photocatalytic degradation process. When 5 mM persulfate and 0.3 g/L catalyst were used, the removal rate of mixed catalyst (0.2 g/L Zn-TiO2 and 0.1 g/L Cu-TiO2) is 100 % in 18 min, which is significantly better than that of 0.3 g/L Zn-TiO2(58 %) and 0.3 g/L Cu-TiO2(90 %). Typically, the effects of various operation parameters, including the ratio of Cu-TiO2/Zn-TiO2, catalyst dosage, persulfate dosage, initial concentration of BPS, and initial solution pH, were examined. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the UV/mixed catalyst/PS process was identified by scavenger and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) tests. The superoxide radicals generated by both Zn-TiO2 and the hydrolysis of persulfate in the system could accelerate the Cu (II)/Cu(I) redox cycles and results in the synergistic effect. This study proposed a new and effective way to improve the reaction by simply combining two catalysts, and unraveled the mechanism behind the synergistic effect, which could provide new ideas to use the catalyst more effectively for wastewater treatment or other areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlin Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Wei Chu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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20
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Assessment of the efficiency of synergistic photocatalysis on penicillin G biodegradation by whole cell Paracoccus sp. J Biol Eng 2021; 15:25. [PMID: 34706751 PMCID: PMC8554860 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-021-00275-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Paracoccus sp. strain isolated from sludge was identified and evaluated for catalytic activity in the degradation of penicillin G. Results High degradation efficiency and synergistic catalytic effects of the whole cell and visible light without additional catalysts were observed. The key factors influencing the degradation and kinetics of penicillin G were investigated. The results showed the phenylacetic acid, which was produced during penicillin G biodegradation, exhibited stronger inhibiting effects on KDSPL-02. However, this effect was reduced by visible light irradiation without any additional photocatalyst; furthermore, the rate of penicillin G biodegradation was accelerated, reaching a 100% rate in 12 h at a penicillin G concentration of 1.2 g/L. Four key intermediates produced during penicillin G degradation were isolated and identified by LC–MS, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR. Enzymes involved in the PAA pathway were proposed from a genomic analysis of KDSPL-02. Conclusions These results provide a new method for bio-degrading of penicillin or other antibiotic pollutants using photoaccelerating biocatalysts with greater efficiency and more environmentally friendly conditions. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13036-021-00275-4.
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Kiejza D, Kotowska U, Polińska W, Karpińska J. Peracids - New oxidants in advanced oxidation processes: The use of peracetic acid, peroxymonosulfate, and persulfate salts in the removal of organic micropollutants of emerging concern - A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 790:148195. [PMID: 34380254 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been increasing interest in using of advanced oxidation processes in water and wastewater decontamination. As a new oxidants peracids, mainly peracetic acid (PAA) and peracid salts, i.e. peroxymonosulfate (PMS) and persulfate (PS) are used. The degradation process of organic compounds takes place with the participation of radicals, including hydroxyl (•OH) and sulfate (SO4•-) radicals derived from the peracids activation processes. Peracids can be activated in homogeneous systems (UV radiation, d-electron metal ions, e.g. Fe2+, Co2+, Mn2+, base, ozonolysis, thermolysis, radiolysis), or using heterogeneous activation (metals with zero oxidation state, metal oxides, quinones, activated carbon, semiconductors). As a result of oxidation, products of a lower mass than the parent compounds, less toxic, and more susceptible to biodegradation are formed. An important task is to investigate the effect of the peracid activation method and matrix composition on the efficiency of contamination removal. The article presents the latest information about the application of peracids in the removal of organic micropollutants of emerging concern (mainly focuses on endocrine disrupted compounds). The most important information on peracetic acid, peroxymonosulfate and persulfate salts, and methods of their activation are presented. Current uses of these oxidants in organic micropollutants removal are also described. Information was collected on the factors influencing the oxidation process and the effectiveness of pollutant removal. This paper compares PAA, PMS and PS-based processes for the first time in terms of kinetics and efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz Kiejza
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Bialystok, Ciołkowskiego 1K St., 15-245 Białystok, Poland
| | - Urszula Kotowska
- Department of Analytical and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, Ciolkowskiego 1K St., 15-245 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Weronika Polińska
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Bialystok, Ciołkowskiego 1K St., 15-245 Białystok, Poland
| | - Joanna Karpińska
- Department of Analytical and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, Ciolkowskiego 1K St., 15-245 Bialystok, Poland
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Rao Z, Zhu N, Wei X, Li F, Wu P, Dang Z, Cui B. Efficient peroxydisulfate activation with nZVI/CuO@BC nanocomposite derived from wastes for degradation of tetrabromobisphenol A in alkaline environment. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 417:126029. [PMID: 33984788 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Peroxydisulfate (PDS) is a promising oxidant for sulfate radical based advanced oxidation processes (SAOPs), however its efficient activation is still a challenge. In this study, biochar-supported nano-zerovalent iron (nZVI) and copper oxide (CuO) nanocomposite (nZVI/CuO@BC), derived from low-cost wastes including scrap iron filings, copper leaching solution and corn stalks, was successfully fabricated for PDS activation to enhance tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) degradation in alkaline environment. Under the conditions of 100 mg/L nZVI/CuO@BC, 0.2 mM PDS, pH 8.0 and 25 °C, 86.32% of PDS was activated and 98.46% of TBBPA was degraded within 45 min in nZVI/CuO@BC-activated PDS system. When the PDS concentration was 2 mM, the nZVI/CuO@BC-activated PDS system realized efficient debromination and mineralization of TBBPA at the ratio of 79.12% and 79.36%, respectively. The results of EPR studies and radical scavenger experiments revealed that both hydroxyl radical (·OH) and sulfate radical (SO4·-) were responsible for TBBPA degradation. The nZVI could active PDS indirectly through electron transfer mechanism and exhibited synergistic effects with CuO on PDS activation. Furthermore, the nZVI/CuO@BC-activated PDS system showed good potential to degrade TBBPA in real water environment. Therefore, nZVI/CuO@BC could be a novel strategy for efficient PDS activation and TBBPA degradation in alkaline environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongting Rao
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Nengwu Zhu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Cluster, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Xiaorong Wei
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Fei Li
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Pingxiao Wu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Cluster, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Zhi Dang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Cluster, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Bofan Cui
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
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Shinde GP, Kumar R, Reddy KR, Nadanasabhapathi S, Semwal AD. Impact of pulsed electric field processing on reduction of benzylpenicillin residue in milk. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2021; 19:1143-1151. [PMID: 34150301 PMCID: PMC8172718 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-021-00680-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The presence of residues of veterinary drugs in animal-derived food is one of the major problems for food safety. The consumption of milk containing antibiotic residues can evoke allergic reactions in hypersensitive individuals, disorders of intestinal flora and produces the risk of emerging antibiotic resistance microorganism. METHODS In this study, the effect of the thermal treatments and pulsed electric field (PEF) on the reduction of benzylpenicillin (PNG) spiked artificially in milk was evaluated quantitatively by calculating the loss of the concentration using HPLC. Fresh raw milk was subjected to a high-temperature short-time (72 °C for 15 s, HTST), low-temperature long- time (62.5 °C for 30 min, LTLT) and ultrahigh-temperature processing (138 °C for 2 s, UHT). The PEF process factors output voltage (20-65%) and pulse width (10-26 μs) were optimized for maximum reduction of PNG by employing the statistical tool response surface methodology (RSM). RESULTS HTST, LTLT, and UHT have resulted in the reduction of PNG 13.5%, 6.1%, 1.2% respectively. The optimized parameters of the PEF treatment had reduction efficiency in the range of 79-86%. The saddle response surface obtained from RSM showed that the center was neither at maximum point nor at the minimum point. The predicted and experimental values of the response were nearly similar which proved the suitability of the fitted quadratic model. Combined thermal and PEF treatment has a significant synergistic effect in reducing the PNG. CONCLUSIONS PEF induced reduction efficiency achieved was 79-86%. The reduction percentages were observed higher in the combined pasteurization and PEF treatment of milk. The pulsed electric field can be adopted as a unique processing tool for degradation of antibiotic residues whilst retaining nutritional quality parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokul Pandharinath Shinde
- Food Engineering and Packaging Technology Division, Defence Food Research Laboratory (DFRL), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), Siddarthanagar, Mysuru, Karnataka 570011 India
| | - Ranganathan Kumar
- Food Engineering and Packaging Technology Division, Defence Food Research Laboratory (DFRL), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), Siddarthanagar, Mysuru, Karnataka 570011 India
| | - K Rajeswara Reddy
- Food Engineering and Packaging Technology Division, Defence Food Research Laboratory (DFRL), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), Siddarthanagar, Mysuru, Karnataka 570011 India
| | - Shanmugam Nadanasabhapathi
- Food Engineering and Packaging Technology Division, Defence Food Research Laboratory (DFRL), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), Siddarthanagar, Mysuru, Karnataka 570011 India
| | - Anil Dutt Semwal
- Food Engineering and Packaging Technology Division, Defence Food Research Laboratory (DFRL), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), Siddarthanagar, Mysuru, Karnataka 570011 India
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Hou J, He X, Zhang S, Yu J, Feng M, Li X. Recent advances in cobalt-activated sulfate radical-based advanced oxidation processes for water remediation: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 770:145311. [PMID: 33736411 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sulfate radical-based advanced oxidation processes (SR-AOPs) have attracted increasing attention for the degradation of organic contaminants in water. The oxidants of SR-AOPs could be activated to generate different kinds of reactive oxygen species (ROS, e.g., hydroxyl radicals (OH), sulfate radicals (SO4-), singlet oxygen (1O2), and superoxide radicals (O2-)) by various catalysts. As one of the promising catalysts, cobalt-based catalysts have been extensively investigated in catalytic activity and stability during water remediation. This article mainly summarizes recent advances in preparation and applications of cobalt-based catalysts on peroxydisulfate (PDS)/peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation since 2016. The review covers the development of homogeneous cobalt ions, cobalt oxides, supported cobalt composites, and cobalt-based mixed metal oxides for PDS/PMS activation, especially for the latest nanocomposites such as cobalt-based metal-organic frameworks and single-atom catalysts. This article also discussed the activation mechanisms and the influencing factors of different cobalt-based catalysts for activating PDS/PMS. Finally, the future perspectives on the challenges and applications of cobalt-based catalysts are presented at the end of this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jifei Hou
- School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xiudan He
- School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Shengqi Zhang
- College of Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jialin Yu
- School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Mingbao Feng
- College of Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Xuede Li
- School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
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Guo Y, Liu Z, Lou X, Fang C, Wang P, Wu G, Guan J. Insights into antimicrobial agent sulfacetamide transformation during chlorination disinfection process in aquaculture water. RSC Adv 2021; 11:14746-14754. [PMID: 35423964 PMCID: PMC8697773 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra01605a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic addition and chlorination are two common processes in fishery culture. Antibiotic residues not only pollute aquaculture water, but are also one of the potential precursors of disinfection by-products (DBPs) during chlorination. The degradation kinetics, products identification and reaction mechanism of sulfacetamide (SFA), a new sulfonamides antibiotics, and potential formation of haloacetic acids (HAAs) in chlorination were explored. The results showed that the degradation of SFA followed pseudo first-order kinetic model, and chlorinating agent dose, pH of water, water temperature, NH4 +, HCO3 - and humic acid (HA) had various effects on the degradation of SFA and the yields of HAAs. The presence of Br- accelerated both the degradation rate of SFA and more formation of Br-DBPs. Through the identification of intermediate products, we proposed the transformation pathway of SFA during the chlorination disinfection process. Namely, in this NaClO disinfection system, the C-S bond between the sulfonyl group and benzene ring, and S-N bond between sulfonyl and acylamino of SFA were broken, and then the primary formed groups were further oxidized to produce intermediates, such as chloroanilines and chlorophenols. And then chlorophenols were subsequently chlorinated to form toxic HAAs. The present study might be of significance for the evaluation of effective degradation of SFA and potential production of halogenate-DBPs (H-DBPs) during the chlorination disinfection process in aquaculture water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoguang Guo
- School of Environmental and Materials Engineering, Shanghai Polytechnic University Shanghai 201209 China
| | - Zhiyuan Liu
- School of Environmental and Materials Engineering, Shanghai Polytechnic University Shanghai 201209 China
- Laboratory of Quality Safety and Processing for Aquatic Product, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Shanghai 200090 China
| | - Xiaoyi Lou
- Laboratory of Quality Safety and Processing for Aquatic Product, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Shanghai 200090 China
| | - Changling Fang
- Laboratory of Quality Safety and Processing for Aquatic Product, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Shanghai 200090 China
| | - Pu Wang
- School of Environmental and Materials Engineering, Shanghai Polytechnic University Shanghai 201209 China
| | - Genying Wu
- Longquan Branch of Lishui Municipal Ecological Environment Bureau Longquan 323700 China
| | - Jie Guan
- School of Environmental and Materials Engineering, Shanghai Polytechnic University Shanghai 201209 China
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Kadji H, Yahiaoui I, Garti Z, Amrane A, Aissani-Benissad F. Kinetic degradation of amoxicillin by using the electro-Fenton process in the presence of a graphite rods from used batteries. Chin J Chem Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2020.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Forouzesh M, Ebadi A, Abedini F. Thermocatalytic persulfate activation for metronidazole removal in the continuous operation. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.118055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Dibene K, Yahiaoui I, Aitali S, Khenniche L, Amrane A, Aissani-Benissad F. Central composite design applied to paracetamol degradation by heat-activated peroxydisulfate oxidation process and its relevance as a pretreatment prior to a biological treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2021; 42:905-913. [PMID: 31378195 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2019.1649308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the degradation of paracetamol (PCT) by thermo-activated peroxydisulfate (PDS) and the feasibility of coupling thermo-activated peroxydisulfate to activated sludge culture were examined. The effect of the relevant parameters on the thermo activated peroxydisulfate process, namely temperature, PDS concentration, initial pH and initial PCT concentration was investigated. As observed, the solution pH did not have a significant effect on the PCT degradation. The temperature increased the degradation of PCT, while an increase of the initial PCT concentration impacted negatively its degradation yield. The PDS concentration showed an optimal value of 8 mM. The operating parameters were then optimized by using a central composite design (CCD). After performing a screening of the various factors, response surface analysis led to the following optimal conditions for the yield of PCT degradation: 0.33, 5 mM, pH = 6 and 68°C for the initial PCT concentration, the initial peroxydisulfate concentration and the temperature respectively, leading to the removal of 94.2% of PCT. Under these conditions, the BOD5/COD ratio increased from 0.008 initially to 0.34 after 10 h. Showing a significant improvement of the biodegradability; consequently and even if the limit of biodegradability (0.4) was not achieved, a biological treatment could be promisingly considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karima Dibene
- Laboratoire de Génie de l'Environnement (LGE), Faculté de Technologie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia, Algeria
| | - Idris Yahiaoui
- Laboratoire de Génie de l'Environnement (LGE), Faculté de Technologie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia, Algeria
| | - Salima Aitali
- Laboratoire de Génie de l'Environnement (LGE), Faculté de Technologie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia, Algeria
- Département de Génie des Procédés, Faculté des Sciences et des Sciences Appliquées, Université Mohand Oulhadj, Bouira, Algeria
| | - Lamia Khenniche
- Laboratoire de Génie de l'Environnement (LGE), Faculté de Technologie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia, Algeria
| | - Abdeltif Amrane
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, Université Rennes1, Rennes, France
| | - Farida Aissani-Benissad
- Laboratoire de Génie de l'Environnement (LGE), Faculté de Technologie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia, Algeria
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Zhang Y, Zhang BT, Teng Y, Zhao J, Kuang L, Sun X. Activation of persulfate by core–shell structured Fe3O4@C/CDs-Ag nanocomposite for the efficient degradation of penicillin. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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30
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Aniline degradation by peroxydisulfate activated with magnetic Fe–Mn oxides composite: efficiency, stability, and mechanism. REACTION KINETICS MECHANISMS AND CATALYSIS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11144-020-01861-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Almasi A, Esmaeilpoor R, Hoseini H, Abtin V, Mohammadi M. Photocatalytic degradation of cephalexin by UV activated persulfate and Fenton in synthetic wastewater: optimization, kinetic study, reaction pathway and intermediate products. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2020; 18:1359-1373. [PMID: 33312648 PMCID: PMC7721770 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-020-00553-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We used Low pressure mercury vapor lamp activated of Sodium Persulfate (UV/SPS) and Fenton processes in two separate reactors to comparison of cephalexin (CPX) degradation in aqueous solution. The effect of pH, initial concentration of SPS, concentration of CPX, concentration of H2O2 and concentration of Fe2+ on the degradation of CPX were investigated. The residue of CPX and metabolites were determined by HPLC and GC/MS. The Total Organic Carbon (TOC) analysis was utilized for surveying the mineralization of CPX. Biodegradability of CPX in both advanced oxidation processes was evaluated by BOD5/COD in optimum condition. The results indicated that the maximum CPX removal was obtained at pH 3, H2O2 3 mM, concentration of initial CPX 10 mg/L and by increasing the doses of SPS from 0.1 to 0.2 mM, the degradation of CPX was enhanced. In this study, the most important factors for AOP efficiency was concentration of initial CPX; and then pH in UV/SPS and H2O2 in Fenton processes. The TOC measurements indicate that the UV/SPS and Fenton can efficiently mineralize CPX. CPX removed enough to achieve suitable biodegradability for a further biological process. Too, analysis of generated intermediates during the degradation of CPX was conducted by GC/MS method and a degradation pathway was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Almasi
- Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Rohallah Esmaeilpoor
- Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hoshyar Hoseini
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Vahideh Abtin
- Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mitra Mohammadi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Niu L, Wei T, Li Q, Zhang G, Xian G, Long Z, Ren Z. Ce-based catalysts used in advanced oxidation processes for organic wastewater treatment: A review. J Environ Sci (China) 2020; 96:109-116. [PMID: 32819685 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2020.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Refractory organic pollutants in water threaten human health and environmental safety, and advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are effective for the degradation of these pollutants. Catalysts play vital role in AOPs, and Ce-based catalysts have exhibited excellent performance. Recently, the development and application of Ce-based catalysts in various AOPs have been reported. Our study conducts the first review in this rapid growing field. This paper clarifies the variety and properties of Ce-based catalysts. Their applications in different AOP systems (catalytic ozonation, photodegradation, Fenton-like reactions, sulfate radical-based AOPs, and catalytic sonochemistry) are discussed. Different Ce-based catalysts suit different reaction systems and produce different active radicals. Finally, future research directions of Ce-based catalysts in AOP systems are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Niu
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China; School of Environment and Natural Resource, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Ting Wei
- School of Environment and Natural Resource, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Qiangang Li
- School of Environment and Natural Resource, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Guangming Zhang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China.
| | - Guang Xian
- School of Environment and Natural Resource, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Zeqing Long
- School of Environment and Natural Resource, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Zhijun Ren
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
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Kermani M, Farzadkia M, Morovati M, Taghavi M, Fallahizadeh S, Khaksefidi R, Norzaee S. Degradation of furfural in aqueous solution using activated persulfate and peroxymonosulfate by ultrasound irradiation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 266:110616. [PMID: 32392147 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Furfural is a toxic compound that can cause many problems for human health and the environment. In this study, we addressed the degradation of furfural in aqueous solution using the activated persulfate (SPS) and peroxymonosulfate (PMS) through the ultrasonic (US) wave. Besides, the effect of various parameters (pH, oxidizing dose, initial furfural concentration, US frequency, Inorganic anions concentration, and scavenger) on SPS + US (SPS/US) and PMS + US (PMS/US) processes were examined. The results showed, in order to furfural removal, the US had excellent efficiency in activating SPS and PMS, as in SPS/US and PMS/US processes, 95.3% and 58.4% of furfural (at 25 mg/L concentration) was decomposed in 90 min, respectively. The furfural degradation rate increased with increasing oxidizing dose and US frequency in both SPS/US and PMS/US processes. Considering the synergistic effect, the best removal rate has occurred in the SPS/US process. In the SPS/US and PMS/US processes, furfural removal increased at natural pH (pH 7), and the presence of inorganic anions such as NO3- and Cl- had negative effects on furfural removal efficiency. Also CO32- and HCO3- acted as a radical scavenger in the SPS/US process but these anions in the PMS/US process produced more SO4-° radicals, and subsequently, they increased the furfural degradation rate. The results also showed that the predominant radical in the oxidation reactions is the sulfate radical. This study showed that the SPS/US and PMS/US processes are promising methods for degrading organic pollutants in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Kermani
- Research Center for Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Farzadkia
- Research Center for Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Morovati
- Department of Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture & Natural Resources, Ardakan University, P.O.Box 184, Ardakan, Iran; Medicinal and Industrial Plants Research Institute, Ardakan University, Ardakan, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Taghavi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Saeid Fallahizadeh
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Razieh Khaksefidi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Samira Norzaee
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran.
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Rahman N, Varshney P. Assessment of ampicillin removal efficiency from aqueous solution by polydopamine/zirconium(iv) iodate: optimization by response surface methodology. RSC Adv 2020; 10:20322-20337. [PMID: 35520451 PMCID: PMC9054210 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra02061c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Polydopamine/zirconium(iv) iodate was prepared by incorporating polydopamine into zirconium iodate gel and studied as an effective adsorbent for ampicillin. In order to characterize the prepared composite, FTIR, XRD, TGA-DTA, SEM and TEM were used. The effects of experimental variables on ampicillin removal were examined using response surface methodology. The optimum conditions for ampicillin removal were 7, 130 min, 20 mg/20 mL and 50 mg L-1 for pH, contact time, adsorbent dose and initial ampicillin concentration, respectively. Under the optimum conditions, the maximum ampicillin removal percentage was found to be 99.12%. The Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models explained the removal process more appropriately. The maximum adsorption capacity at 303 K was 100.0 mg g-1. Thermodynamic study revealed that the ampicillin adsorption was spontaneous and endothermic in nature. The reusability of the prepared material was also explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nafisur Rahman
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh-202002 INDIA
| | - Poornima Varshney
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh-202002 INDIA
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Zhang P, He T, Chen H, Li P, Xiang M, Ding N, Deng S. The tetracyclines removal by MgAl layered double oxide in the presence of phosphate or nitrate: Behaviors and mechanism exploration. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 578:124-134. [PMID: 32521352 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.04.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Pollution of tetracyclines (TCs) in swine wastewater has been a critical concern worldwide. Notably, multiple anions (e.g. PO43-, NO3-) coexist in the actual environments, which could significantly influence the TCs removal. In the current study, MgAl layered double oxide (MgAl-LDO) was adopted for investigating the TC removal performance with/without PO43- or NO3-. In all systems, the adsorption performance exhibited two different approaches between low and high TC concentrations. In the single system, pseudo-second-order and the Freundlich model fitted well to the equilibrium adsorption data when TC concentration was below 125 mg·L-1, while the pseudo-first-order and the linear model could describe the removal process at high TC concentration (>125 mg·L-1). The maximum adsorption capacity was 83.56 mg·g-1. In the co-existing system, the adsorption capacity was slightly enhanced when TC concentration below 150 mg·L-1 however was inhibited at high concentration (>150 mg·L-1). Combined with the characterization analyses, the interaction mechanism at low concentration was primarily surface adsorption on reconstructed LDH from LDO in the TC-alone system. It is worth mention that both PO43- and NO3- facilitated the formation of LDH via rehydration of LDO which enhanced surface adsorption in the co-existing system. At high TC concentration, the formation of tetracycline-metal complexes played a dominant role in TC removal in the single system, whereas diminished complexation in the binary system led to the decreased TC removal. This study provides a theoretical and practical guidance for MgAl-LDO on the efficient remediation of actual tetracyclines wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China.
| | - Tao He
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Han Chen
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Peng Li
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Mingxue Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Nengshui Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Pig Genetic Improvement and Production Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Shuguang Deng
- School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, 551 E. Tyler Mall, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA.
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Wei M, Shi X, Xiao L, Zhang H. Synthesis of polyimide-modified carbon nanotubes as catalyst for organic pollutant degradation via production of singlet oxygen with peroxymonosulfate without light irradiation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 382:120993. [PMID: 31465944 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.120993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Polyimide-modified carbon nanotubes (PI/CNTs) were synthesized via a solvent-free thermal method and used as a metal-free catalyst to activate peroxymonosulfate for organic contaminant degradation without light irradiation. The characterization results suggested that PI was loaded onto the surface of CNTs. The catalytic ability of the PI/CNTs was strongly correlated with the content of PI in the catalysts. The PI/CNTs (22% of PI) showed the highest catalytic efficiency for organic pollutant degradation at room temperature. The degradation efficiency of acid orange 7 (AO7) dye was significantly enhanced to 98.9% within 15 min, compared to the efficiency of 2.2% exhibited by pure PI. The radical quenching tests and electron paramagnetic resonance spectrometry proved that singlet oxygen, instead of hydroxyl radicals or sulfate radicals, played a dominant role during the catalytic oxidation of AO7. The influences of operation parameters including temperature and catalyst amount were investigated. The PI/CNTs metal-free catalyst exhibited high catalytic activity under a broad range of pH values. The recycling study of four repeated reactions demonstrated good stability of the PI/CNTs. This work provided a promising metal-free catalyst for degradation of organic pollutants in aqueous solutions, contributing to the development of green materials for sustainable remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Wei
- School of Resource and Environmental Science, Key Laboratory for Biomass-Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology of Hubei Province, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China; Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Xiaowen Shi
- School of Resource and Environmental Science, Key Laboratory for Biomass-Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology of Hubei Province, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Ling Xiao
- School of Resource and Environmental Science, Key Laboratory for Biomass-Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology of Hubei Province, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
| | - Haifei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United Kingdom.
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Al Hakim S, Jaber S, Zein Eddine N, Baalbaki A, Ghauch A. Data for persulfate activation by UV light to degrade theophylline in a water effluent. Data Brief 2019; 27:104614. [PMID: 31656842 PMCID: PMC6806447 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2019.104614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to degrade theophylline (TP) drug in a pharmaceutical effluent solution utilizing persulfate (PS). A simulated and a real effluent solution were used, with different conditions tested to optimize the degradation process. HPLC analyses and a modified-HPLC method were used to track concentrations of TP and PS respectively in the treatment process. Experiments were done in triplicates and treated data is presented as graphs. A detailed analyses of this study can be found in the article “Degradation of theophylline in a UV254/PS system: matrix effect and application to a factory effluent” [1] published in Chemical Engineering Journal.
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Li X, Tang S, Yuan D, Tang J, Zhang C, Li N, Rao Y. Improved degradation of anthraquinone dye by electrochemical activation of PDS. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 177:77-85. [PMID: 30974246 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical oxidation (EO) coupled with peroxydisulfate (PDS) activation as a synergistic wastewater treatment process (PDS/EO) was performed to degrade anthraquinone dye-Reactive Brilliant Blue (RBB) in aqueous solution. Introducing PDS into the EO improved the RBB removal than the sole PDS and conventional EO systems. The RBB could activate PDS to a certain degree by itself. By the comparison of various inorganic ions addition, it showed that adding NO3- as the background electrolyte was more effective than the systems using the Cl- and SO42-, respectively. In this PDS/EO-NO3- system, increasing PDS concentration (1-5 mmol L-1) and current density (5-10 mA cm-2) considerably promoted the degradation of RBB. The adjustment of the solution pH displayed that the acidic and neutral condition was beneficial to the RBB removal, and the synergistic effect was inverse ratio to the RBB initial concentration. Furthermore, the scavenger experiments verified that both SO4·- and HO· were the major active substances in the RBB decomposition, and other reactive oxygen species also had considerable contributions. Thereinto NO3- only act a catalytic agent to improve the generation of active matters in the PDS/EO-NO3-. Overall, the proposed synergistic process could serve as an efficient method for the degradation of anthraquinone dye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China
| | - Shoufeng Tang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China
| | - Deling Yuan
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China.
| | - Jiachen Tang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China
| | - Na Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China
| | - Yandi Rao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China
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39
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Shokoohi R, Bajalan S, Salari M, Shabanloo A. Thermochemical degradation of furfural by sulfate radicals in aqueous solution: optimization and synergistic effect studies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:8914-8927. [PMID: 30715710 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04382-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, thermochemical degradation of furfural by sulfate radical has been investigated to find the best-operating conditions. For this purpose, the response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite design (CCD) was applied to optimize the five independent variables of thermally activated persulfate (TAP)/nZVI oxidation process including pH, PS concentration, furfural concentration, nZVI dosage, and heat. The ANOVA results ("P > F value" < 0.0001 and [Formula: see text] = 0.9701) showed the obtained quadratic model is acceptable to predict furfural removal. Based on the reduced quadratic model PS concentration, nZVI dosage, and heat revealed the positive effects on removal efficiency, while pH and furfural concentration had a negative effect. Accordingly, 98.4% of furfural could be removed within 60 min of reaction under the optimum conditions: pH 5.26, PS concentration of 20.52 mM, furfural concentration of 84.32 mg/L, nZVI dosage of 1.15 mg/L, and a temperature of 79 °C. In such circumstances, the furfural removal efficiency for TAP, PS/nZVI, PS, and nZVI was 94.5, 9, 3, and 2%, respectively. Therefore, based on the synergy index (SI) values, the combination of PS, nZVI, and heat can lead to a synergistic effect in the performance of the thermochemical process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Shokoohi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Somaye Bajalan
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mehdi Salari
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Amir Shabanloo
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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40
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Cotillas S, Lacasa E, Herraiz M, Sáez C, Cañizares P, Rodrigo MA. The Role of the Anode Material in Selective Penicillin G Oxidation in Urine. ChemElectroChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201801747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Cotillas
- Department of Chemical Engineering School of Industrial EngineeringUniversity of Castilla-La Mancha 02071 Albacete Spain
| | - Engracia Lacasa
- Department of Chemical Engineering School of Industrial EngineeringUniversity of Castilla-La Mancha 02071 Albacete Spain
| | - Miguel Herraiz
- Department of Chemical Engineering School of Industrial EngineeringUniversity of Castilla-La Mancha 02071 Albacete Spain
| | - Cristina Sáez
- Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Chemical Sciences and TechnologiesUniversity of Castilla-La Mancha 13005 Ciudad Real Spain
| | - Pablo Cañizares
- Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Chemical Sciences and TechnologiesUniversity of Castilla-La Mancha 13005 Ciudad Real Spain
| | - Manuel A. Rodrigo
- Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Chemical Sciences and TechnologiesUniversity of Castilla-La Mancha 13005 Ciudad Real Spain
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41
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Al Hakim S, Baalbaki A, Tantawi O, Ghauch A. Chemically and thermally activated persulfate for theophylline degradation and application to pharmaceutical factory effluent. RSC Adv 2019; 9:33472-33485. [PMID: 35529119 PMCID: PMC9073359 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra05362j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Degradation of PPCPs by AOPs has gained major interest in the past decade. In this work, theophylline (TP) oxidation was studied in thermally (TAP) and chemically (CAP) activated persulfate systems, separately and in combination (TCAP). For [TP]0 = 10 mg L−1, (i) TAP resulted in 60% TP degradation at [PS]0 = 5 mM and T = 60 °C after 60 min of reaction and (ii) CAP showed slight degradation at room temperature; however, (iii) TCAP resulted in complete TP degradation for [PS]0 = [Fe2+]0 = 2 mM at T = 60 °C following a pseudo-first order reaction rate with calculated kobs = 5.6 (±0.4) × 10−2 min−1. In the TCAP system, the [PS]0 : [Fe2+]0 ratio of 1 : 1 presented the best results. A positive correlation was obtained between the TP degradation rate and increasing temperature and [PS]0, and a negative correlation was obtained with increasing pH. Both chloride and humic acid inhibited the degradation process, while nitrates enhanced it. TP dissolved in spring, sea and waste water simulating real effluents showed lower degradation rates than in DI water. Waste water caused the highest inhibition (kobs = 2.6 (±0.6) × 10−4 min−1). Finally, the TCAP system was tested on a real factory effluent highly charged with TP, e.g. [TP]0 = 160 mg L−1, with successful degradation under the conditions of 60 °C and [PS]0 = [Fe2+]0 = 50 mM. Chemically activated persulfate in heated medium showed synergistic effect toward full degradation of theophylline in industrial factory effluents. This makes such AOP a well-adapted technology to treat highly concentrated hazardous pharmaceuticals.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Suha Al Hakim
- American University of Beirut
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences
- Department of Chemistry
- 1107-2020 Beirut
- Lebanon
| | - Abbas Baalbaki
- American University of Beirut
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences
- Department of Chemistry
- 1107-2020 Beirut
- Lebanon
| | - Omar Tantawi
- American University of Beirut
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences
- Department of Chemistry
- 1107-2020 Beirut
- Lebanon
| | - Antoine Ghauch
- American University of Beirut
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences
- Department of Chemistry
- 1107-2020 Beirut
- Lebanon
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42
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Nikoonahad A, Djahed B, Norzaee S, Eslami H, Derakhshan Z, Miri M, Fakhri Y, Hoseinzadeh E, Ghasemi SM, Balarak D, Fallahzadeh RA, Zarrabi M, Taghavi M. An overview report on the application of heteropoly acids on supporting materials in the photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants from aqueous solutions. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5501. [PMID: 30225166 PMCID: PMC6139020 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic pollutants contaminate water resources and the environment when discharged into water streams. Also, the presence of these materials in incompletely treated or untreated wastewater leads to serious environmental hazards. The hydroxyl radicals and holes are regarded as the most oxidant species in the degradation of organic pollutants using the studied composites. The results of this review show that heteropoly acids on supporting materials could be considered as appropriate photocatalysts in the removal of organic pollutant from aqueous solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Nikoonahad
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Babak Djahed
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran
| | - Samira Norzaee
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran
| | - Hadi Eslami
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Zahra Derakhshan
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Larestan University of Medical Sciences, Larestan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Miri
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Yadolah Fakhri
- Student Research Committee, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Edris Hoseinzadeh
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Davoud Balarak
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Reza Ali Fallahzadeh
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mansur Zarrabi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Taghavi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Social Development & Health Promotion Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
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