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Yang Y, Yu S, Rong H, Lei Z, Yang C, Wu H, Zhang T, Yang F, Nie Y, Chen L, Hu Q, Song Q, Guo J. Sodium sulphate ameliorates hypercholesterolemia via the upregulation of Cyp7a1 in hepatocytes and alleviates hepatic insulin resistance via the downregulation of Trib3 in mice with high cholesterol diets. Exp Ther Med 2024; 28:361. [PMID: 39071912 PMCID: PMC11273247 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2024.12650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Amelioration of hypercholesterolemia is essential for the treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Sodium sulphate is the effective component of mirabilite, which has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of various diseases. In the present study, C57BL/6 mice were fed with a high-cholesterol diet (HCD) for 7 weeks and were treated with sodium sulphate in the last three of those weeks. Sodium sulphate significantly reduced the total cholesterol level and the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio in the serum of mice fed the HCD. In addition, cytochrome P450 7a1 and 39a1 were significantly upregulated in the livers of mice treated with sodium sulphate. Furthermore, tribbles pseudokinase 3 expression was significantly increased in the livers of mice fed the HCD, but was significantly reduced by sodium sulphate treatment. In terms of the insulin signaling pathway, the ratio of phosphorylated AKT to total AKT in the livers of mice fed the HCD was significantly lower compared with that of control mice fed a normal diet, but was significantly increased by sodium sulphate treatment. Sodium sulphate treatment also reduced the levels of fibroblast growth factor (FGF)15 in the ileum and inhibited the FGF15/FGF receptor 4-Klotho β/c-Jun N-terminal kinase/c-Jun signaling pathway in the livers of mice fed the HCD. In addition, sodium sulphate changed the composition of the gut microbiota of mice fed the HCD. In conclusion, sodium sulphate may mitigate hypercholesterolemia and hepatic insulin resistance in mice fed an HCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Yang
- School of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Siping Yu
- Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Hedong Rong
- Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Zili Lei
- Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Changyuan Yang
- Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Huijuan Wu
- Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Tianle Zhang
- Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Fei Yang
- Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Ya Nie
- Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Lei Chen
- Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Qing Hu
- Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Qi Song
- Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Jiao Guo
- Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
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Hsieh CY, Tsai PW, Tomioka Y, Matsumoto Y, Akiyama Y, Wang CC, Tayo LL, Lee CJ. Chronopharmacology of diuresis via metabolic profiling and key biomarker discovery of the traditional Chinese prescription Ji-Ming-San using tandem mass spectrometry in rat models. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 124:155260. [PMID: 38176264 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ji-Ming-Shan (JMS) is a traditional prescription used for patients with rheumatism, tendons swelling, relief of foot pain, athlete's foot, diuresis, gout. Although many studies have investigated the active compounds in each herb, the functional mechanism behind its therapeutic effect remains unclear. STUDY DESIGN Metabolic cages for sample collection. The serum components obtained from the experimental animals were analyzed using LC-MS/MS. Furthermore, cross-analysis using the software MetaboAnalyst and Venn diagrams were used to investigate chronopharmacology of JMS in the animal models. PURPOSE The aim of this study is to analyze the diuretic effects of JMS and to explore their chronopharmacology involved in organ regulation through four-quarter periods from serum samples of rat models. METHODS Metabolic cages were used for collecting the urine samples and PocketChem UA PU-4010, Fuji DRI-CHEM 800 were used to examine the urine biochemical parameters. The serum components were identified through ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight (UPLC-Q-TOF) with a new developed method. Cross analysis, Venn diagram, MetaboAnalyst were used to investigate the key biomarker and major metabolism route with the oral administration of the drug. RESULT JMS significantly changed the 6 h urine volume with no observed kidney toxicity. Urine pH value ranges from 7.0 to 7.5. The chronopharmacology of JMS diuresis activity were 0-6 and 6-12 groups. UPLC-Q-TOF analyses identified 243 metabolites which were determined in positive mode and negative mode respectively. With cross analysis in the Venn diagram, one key biomarker naringenin-7-O-glucoside has been identified. Major metabolic pathways such as 1: Glycerophospholipid metabolism, 2: Primary bile acid biosynthesis, 3: Sphingolipid metabolism, 4: Riboflavin metabolism, 5: Linoleic acid metabolism, 6: Butanoate metabolism. CONCLUSION JMS significantly changed the urine output of animals in the 0-6 and 6-12 groups. No change in urine pH was observed and also kidney toxicity. A new UPLC-Q-TOF method was developed for the detection of the metabolites of JMS after oral administration. The cross analysis with Venn diagram and identified the key biomarker of JMS namely naringenin-7-O-glucoside. The results showed that six major pathways are involved in the gastrointestinal system and the liver. This study demonstrated the capability of JMS prescription in the regulation of diuresis and identified a key biomarker that is responsible for its therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Yang Hsieh
- Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Postal address: Teaching & research building, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 110, Taiwan; Laboratory of Oncology, Pharmacy Practice and Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai Japan
| | - Po-Wei Tsai
- Department of Medical Science Industries, College of Health Sciences, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan 711, Taiwan
| | - Yoshihisa Tomioka
- Laboratory of Oncology, Pharmacy Practice and Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai Japan
| | - Yotaro Matsumoto
- Laboratory of Oncology, Pharmacy Practice and Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai Japan
| | - Yasutoshi Akiyama
- Laboratory of Oncology, Pharmacy Practice and Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai Japan
| | - Ching-Chiung Wang
- Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Postal address: Teaching & research building, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 110, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan; School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Lemmuel L Tayo
- School of Chemical, Biological, Materials Engineering and Sciences, Mapúa University, Intramuros, 1002 Metro Manila, Manila, Philippines; Department of Biology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences Mapua University, Makati, Philippines
| | - Chia-Jung Lee
- Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Postal address: Teaching & research building, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 110, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
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Tao L, Fu J, Wang F, Song Y, Li Y, Zhang J, Wang Z. The application of mirabilite in traditional Chinese medicine and its chemical constituents, processing methods, pharmacology, toxicology and clinical research. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1293097. [PMID: 38239194 PMCID: PMC10794775 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1293097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose: This study reviews the use of mirabilite in traditional Chinese medicine and various preparations by describing its chemical composition, processing methods, pharmacology, toxicology, and clinical research progress. Methods: The applications and processing methods of mirabilite are searched in traditional and modern Chinese medical writings, and the articles on chemical composition, pharmacological effects, toxicology, and clinical studies of mirabilite and its combinations in PubMed and China Knowledge Network are reviewed, sorted, and analyzed. Results: The main chemical component of mirabilite is sodium sulfate decahydrate (Na2SO4·10H2O), followed by small amounts of sodium chloride, magnesium sulfate, calcium sulfate, and other inorganic salts. This study systematically organizes the history of the medicinal use of mirabilite in China for more than 2,000 years. This mineral has been used by nine Chinese ethnic groups (Han, Dai, Kazakh, Manchu, Mongolian, Tujia, Wei, Yi, and Tibetan) in a large number of prescription preparations. The Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China (2020 edition) records stated that mirabilite can be used for abdominal distension, abdominal pain, constipation, intestinal carbuncle, external treatment of breast carbuncle, hemorrhoids, and other diseases. The traditional processing methods of mirabilite in China include refining, boiling, sautéing, filtration after hot water blistering, and firing. Since the Ming Dynasty, processing by radish has become the mainstream prepared method of mirabilite. Mirabilite can exhibit anti-inflammatory detumescence effects by inhibiting AMS, LPS, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and NO levels and attenuating the upregulation of TNF-α and NF-κB genes. It can promote cell proliferation and wound healing by increasing the production of cytokines TGFβ1 and VEGF-A and gastrointestinal motility by increasing the release of vasoactive intestinal peptide, substance P, and motilin. It can increase the expression of low-density lipoprotein receptor and AKT phosphorylation in the liver by up-regulating bile acid synthesis genes; reduce TRB3 expression in the liver, FGF15 co-receptor KLB expression, and FGF15 production in the ileum, and JNK signal transduction; and increase the transcription of CYP7A1 to achieve a cholesterol-lowering effect. Mirabilite also has a variety of pharmacological effects, such as regulating intestinal flora, anti-muscle paralysis, anti-colon cancer, promoting water discharge, and analgesic. Only a few toxicological studies on mirabilite are available. External application of mirabilite can cause local skin to be flushed or itchy, and its oral administration is toxic to neuromuscular cells. The sulfur ions of its metabolites can also be toxic to the human body. At present, no pharmacokinetic study has been conducted on mirabilite as a single drug. This mineral has been widely used in the clinical treatment of inflammation, edema, wound healing, digestive system diseases, infusion extravasation, hemorrhoids, skin diseases, breast accumulation, muscle paralysis, intestinal preparation before microscopic examination, and other diseases and symptoms. Conclusion: Mirabilite has good application prospects in traditional Chinese medicine and ethnomedicine. In-depth research on its processing methods, active ingredients, quality control, pharmacokinetics, pharmacological and toxicological mechanisms, and standardized clinical application is needed. This paper provides a reference for the application and research of mirabilite in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianbo Tao
- College of Ethnomedicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiaqing Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fangjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yinglian Song
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingwen Zhang
- College of Ethnomedicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhang Wang
- College of Ethnomedicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Hsieh CY, Wang CC, Tayo LL, Deng SX, Tsai PW, Lee CJ. In vitro and in vivo anti-osteoarthritis effects of tradition Chinese prescription Ji-Ming-San. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 305:116084. [PMID: 36584922 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.116084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ji-Ming-Shan (JMS) is a traditional herbal prescription consisting of seven herbs including Areca cathechu Burm.f., Citrus reticulata Blanco, Chaenomeles speciosa (Sweet) Nakai, Euodia ruticarpa (A. Juss.) Benth., Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton, Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Platycodon grandiflorus (Jacq.). It was first recorded during the Song dynasty and has been used extensively for protection against rheumatism, treatment of swelling of tendons, relief from foot pain, gout and diuresis and other forms of inflammation. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study is to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and anti-osteoarthritis activity of JMS extracts with the use of different cell lines (RAW 264.7 cells, SW1353 cells and primary cultured rat chondrocytes). MIA-induced rat animal models were used to assess the anti-osteoarthritis activity of the extract. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study investigated the anti-inflammatory activity of JMS-95E on LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages and IL-1β-stimulated chondrocytes. For the in vivo study, male Wistar rats were used and they were randomly assigned in different groups: blank, control, positive control and three different JMS-95E treatment groups (200, 400, 800 mg/kg/d). Paw edema, hind-limb weight bearing, serum inflammatory cytokines including hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining experiments were used to assess the efficacy of the extract in the rat model. RESULT JMS 95% ethanol extract (JMS-95E, marker substance: narirutin (5.10 mg/g) and hesperidin (11.33 mg/g) has been identified in the extract using high pressure liquid chromatography. For in vitro assays, JMS-95E did not exhibit cytotoxicity and was able to downregulate the protein expression of iNOS, COX-2 and MMP-13. The production of inflammatory mediators such as NO and PGE2 were also reduced with an increase in dose-dependent manner in various cell lines. Inhibitory activity on the key enzyme xanthine oxidase was also observed in this study. In rat animal models, JMS-95E reduced the inflammatory responses such as acute swelling, chondrocyte degradation and pain section of paw edema in rat model. Molecular marker studies of inflammation demonstrated that JMS-95E significantly decrease PGE2 expression in MIA model. CONCLUSION JMS-95E inhibited the inflammatory pathway leading to the production or expression levels of NO, iNOS, COX-2 and PGE2 in macrophage cells. In primary cultured rat chondrocytes iNOS and SW1353 MMP-13 expression were downregulated after JMS-95E treatment. For the in vivo study JMS-95E significantly reduced the paw volume of carrageenan-induced rat paw edema through each dose and significantly inhibited paw volume, counterweight the distribution of hind-paw weight bearing through the MIA model which means JMS-95E could promote recovery of the acute swelling and chondrocyte degradation of the ankle joints. The above results provided the multiple mechanism of JMS-95E in OA treatment of the scientific founding which supported the description of JMS in traditional use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Yang Hsieh
- Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.
| | - Ching-Chiung Wang
- Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan; Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, 110, Taiwan; School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.
| | - Lemmuel L Tayo
- School of Chemical, Biological, Materials Engineering and Sciences, Mapúa University, Intramuros, Manila, 1002, Metro Manila, Philippines.
| | - Shun-Xin Deng
- Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.
| | - Po-Wei Tsai
- Department of Medical Science Industries, College of Health Sciences, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan, 711, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Jung Lee
- Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan; Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.
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Shiah HS, Lee CJ, Lee FY, Tseng SH, Chen SH, Wang CC. Chemopreventive effects of Xiang Sha Liu Jun Zi Tang on paclitaxel-induced leucopenia and neuropathy in animals. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1106030. [PMID: 36969850 PMCID: PMC10032344 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1106030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Paclitaxel frequently induces peripheral neuropathy and myelosuppression during cancer treatment. According to the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan, traditional Chinese medicine doctors widely use Xiang Sha Liu Jun Zi Tang (XSLJZT) to treat breast cancer patients who have received paclitaxel. We explored the combined therapeutic effects of XSLZJT with paclitaxel. XSLJZT did not exhibit significant cytotoxic effects on P388-D1 cells; however, the combination of XSLJZT (100 and 500 mg/kg) with paclitaxel prolonged the survival rate in P388–D1 tumor-bearing mice compared to paclitaxel-only. In addition, XSLJZT was found to enhance white blood cells (WBC) counts and promote leukocyte rebound in paclitaxel-induced leukopenia in mice. XSLJZT also reduced paclitaxel-induced mechanical pain and inhibited c-Fos protein expression in the L4-6 spinal cords of Wistar rats. Moreover, paclitaxel-induced shortening of the nerve fibers of dorsal root ganglion cells was ameliorated by pre-treatment with XSLJZT. Therefore, we suggest that XSLJZT could be used as an adjunct for cancer patients, as the formula could decrease paclitaxel-induced neuropathy and myelosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Her-Shyong Shiah
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jung Lee
- Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Yu Lee
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Hui Tseng
- Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Han Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chiung Wang
- Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Ching-Chiung Wang,
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Yang Y, Lu W, Zhang X, Wu C. Gut fungi differentially response to the antipyretic (heat-clearing) and diaphoretic (exterior-releasing) traditional Chinese medicines in Coptis chinensis-conditioned gut microbiota. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1032919. [DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1032919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Antipyretic (heat-clearing) and diaphoretic (exterior-releasing) drugs are two main groups of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) possessing anti-microbes and anti-inflammation effects, with the former mainly through clearing pyrogens while the latter through promoting diaphoresis. Although anti-microorganism is a common action of these two kinds of TCMs, their difference in antimicrobial spectrums and their interactions when combinedly used remain unclear. Herein, we prepared aqueous extracts from Coptis chinensis (HL) and other antipyretic or diaphoretic TCMs, orally administrated them to C57BL/6 mice at a clinical dose for fourteen days, and analyzed their impaction on both gut bacteria and fungi using full-length 16 S rRNA gene sequencing and internal transcribed spacer 1/2 (ITS1/2) gene sequencing, respectively. Oral administration of HL significantly changed the structure of gut bacteria but showed little influence on gut fungi. Co-treatment with antipyretic or diaphoretic TCMs alleviated the impact of HL on gut bacteria to a similar degree. However, combined with either heat-clearing or exterior-releasing TCMs significantly strengthened the influence of HL on gut fungi, with the latter superior to the former. The antipyretic TCMs enriched Penicillium spp. while diaphoretic TCMs promoted Fusarium spp. Further analysis revealed that the diaphoretic TCMs-enriched fungi Fusarium spp. were positively related to Akkermansia spp., a beneficial bacterium that interacts with Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and regulates thermogenesis, thus providing a potential linkage with their pro-diaphoresis effect. Together, our results reveal that gut fungi differentially respond to the impact of heat-clearing and exterior-releasing TCMs on Coptis chinensis-conditioned gut microbiota, which provides insights into their functional characteristics.
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Lee CJ, Kapelemera AM, Tsai YZ, Lee CT, Xu MY, Wang CC. Evaluating the Therapeutic Efficacy of Si-Wu-Tang Decoction and Concentrated Extract in Follicular Maldevelopment-Related Menstrual Disorders Through Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Studies. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1245. [PMID: 33013359 PMCID: PMC7500464 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Si-Wu-Tang (SWT), a traditional Chinese formula, is commonly used to relieve menstrual discomfort and climacteric syndrome. Water decoction (WD) and concentrated herbal extract (CHE) are the two most common formulations of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). However, few studies have reported the equivalency of these two formulations. In this study, 23 healthy volunteers were included to determine the pharmacokinetic (PK) equivalent dosage of WD and CHE, and 25 infertile women with follicular maldevelopment to evaluate the pharmacodynamic (PD) effects on menstrual disorders. The randomized, two-way crossover comparative PK study of SWT-WD and SWT-CHE analyzed the active component, ferulic acid. The results showed that clinical doses of 170 mL SWT-WD and 18 g SWT-CHE produced the same amount of ferulic acid in the blood. The PD study showed that patients who took both of these formulations had an initial luteinizing hormone/follicle-stimulating hormone ratio of <1; however, the value returned to normal and their symptoms all improved after taken SWT. Our results showed that WD and CHE, both prepared from 40 g of SWT, displayed bioequivalence upon PK/PD analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Jung Lee
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,PhD Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Alinafe Magret Kapelemera
- PhD Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Zhe Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Tzu Lee
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taipei Municipal Wanfang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yi Xu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chiung Wang
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,PhD Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Efficacy and Safety of Blood Stasis Based Herbal Medicine for Patients with Traffic Accident : A Prospective Observational Study. JOURNAL OF ACUPUNCTURE RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.13045/jar.2020.00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Blood stasis (BS) is commonly used for pattern identification in traumatic injuries, including traffic accidents (TAs). Various studies have identified the efficacy of Korean medicine treatments for TA patients, but studies focusing on the BS-based herbal medicine (BSHM), including Tongdo-san (TDS), are rare.<br/>Methods: This was a single-center, prospective observational study, conducted from August 24th, 2018 to December 27th, 2018, which included 40 TA patients. Participants underwent routine Korean medicine treatments including acupuncture, electronic moxibustion, cupping, physical therapy, and herbal medicine. In the herbal medicine treatment, participants took BSHM with more than 3 days including taking TDS. The primary outcome measures were the scores from a 100 mm visual analogue scale (VAS) and numerical rating scale (NRS). Secondary outcome measures included scores from EuroQol-5 dimension (EQ-5D) and EQVAS questionnaires, the BS and cold/heat indices, and safety assessments.<br/>Results: There were significant improvements in the VAS, NRS, EQ-5D, EQ-VAS scores, and BS index after treatment. In the sub-analysis, VAS, NRS, EQ-5D, and EQ-VAS scores were higher in groups with a higher BS index. The moderate and severe BS index groups showed more improvement than the minor BS index group, and there was a significant difference in the EQ-5D scores. There was no significant differences observed in cold/heat index groups scores.<br/>Conclusion: BS is associated with TA-related symptoms. BSHM, including TDS, may significantly reduce BS, pain, and discomfort.
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Hu S, Zhang SM, Wang CL, Bi XP, Bai XH. Reverse Micelle Hollow Fiber Liquid-Phase Microextraction Coupled with HPLC for the Determination of Q-Markers of Anthraquinones in Rhubarb and Their Plasma Protein Binding Rates. Chromatographia 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-020-03888-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Identification of active compound combination contributing to anti-inflammatory activity of Xiao-Cheng-Qi Decoction via human intestinal bacterial metabolism. Chin J Nat Med 2018; 16:513-524. [PMID: 30080651 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(18)30088-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Human intestinal bacteria play an important role in the metabolism of herbal medicines, leading to the variations in their pharmacological profile. The present study aimed to investigate the metabolism of Xiao-Cheng-Qi decoction (XCQD) by human intestinal bacteria and to discover active component combination (ACC) contributing to the anti-inflammatory activity of XCQD. The water extract of XCQD was anaerobically incubated with human intestinal bacteria suspensions for 48 h at 37 °C. A liquid chromatography-hybrid quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-Q-TOF/MS) method was performed for identification of the metabolites. In addition, the anti-inflammatory effects of XCQD and biotransformed XCQD (XCQD-BT) were evaluated in vitro with cytokines in RAW264.7 cells induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). A total of 51 compounds were identified in XCQD and XCQD-BT. Among them, 20 metabolites were proven to be transformed by human intestinal bacteria. Significantly, a combination of 14 compounds was identified as ACC from XCQD-BT, which was as effective as XCQD in cell models of inflammation. In conclusion, this study provided an applicable method, based on intestinal bacterial metabolism, for identifying combinatory compounds responsible for a certain pharmacological activity of herbal medicines.
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Tsai PW, Lee YH, Chen LG, Lee CJ, Wang CC. In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-Osteoarthritis Effects of 2,3,5,4'-Tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-d-Glucoside from Polygonum Multiflorum. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23030571. [PMID: 29510478 PMCID: PMC6017566 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23030571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. is a traditional herbal medicine that is rich in polyphenols. The major compound, 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-d-glucoside (THSG) has many pharmacological activities, such as antioxidative and free radical-scavenging properties, and the abilities to reduce hyperlipidemia, prevent lipid peroxidation, and protect the cardiovascular system. In this study, the anti-osteoarthritis (OA) effects of THSG were explored using in vitro and in vivo models. THSG inhibited nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) production and inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 expressions by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. On the other hand, THSG inhibited PGE₂ production and iNOS and matrix metalloproteinase-13 expressions by interleukin-1β-stimulated primary rat chondrocytes. Through a mono-iodoacetate-induced rat OA model assay, THSG reduced paw edema and improved the weight-bearing distribution. Therefore, THSG has anti-inflammatory activity and could be applied as a lead compound for the development as an OA drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Wei Tsai
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Sciences Industry, College of Health Sciences, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan 71101, Taiwan.
- Innovative Research Center of Medicine, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan 71101, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Hui Lee
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei 11696, Taiwan.
| | - Lih-Geeng Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biopharmaceuticals, College of Life Sciences, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 60004, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Jung Lee
- PhD Program for Clinical Drug Discovery of Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy Science, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Ching-Chiung Wang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- PhD Program for Clinical Drug Discovery of Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy Science, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Orthopedics Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
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Hu Y, Li B, Wen L, He K. Study on the anti-endotoxin effect of sinomenine using an Agilent genome array. QJM 2018; 111:171-178. [PMID: 29240916 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcx234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endotoxin is a significant contributing factor underlying the occurrence of fever, diarrhea, inflammation, edema, coagulation, shock and other syndromes associated with gram-negative bacterial infections. To date, there is no effective treatment for endotoxemia. AIM The aim of this study was to characterize differentially expressed genes in sinomenine-treated and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endothelial cells by microarray analysis and to determine the potential pharmacological activity of sinomenine. DESIGN The cultured cells of five treatment groups (n = 3) were collected. Participants: total RNA was extracted and subjected to Agilent Porcine 4 × 44 K whole genome microarray. METHODS Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes and gene ontology software were applied to screen and analyze differentially regulated genes. RESULTS The results showed that 723 differentially regulated genes were identified including 410 up-regulated genes and 313 down-regulated genes in therapy group vs. LPS group. Ten genes may be key controlled genes in the pathogenesis of LPS, including five up-regulated genes (ARG1, TLR2, IL1A, VCAM1, DKK3) and five down-regulated genes (HABP2, ID1, CHDH, GPX3, PTGFR), which primarily contribute to biological processes such as inflammatory response, vascular lesion, metabolic process and cell cycle. IL1A and FMO3 were considered as potent target genes. CONCLUSION Global gene expression profile analysis showed that sinomenine might effectively be useful to regulate inflammatory responses as part of future anti-endotoxin therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Hu
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - B Li
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - L Wen
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - K He
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
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Chen LG, Jan YS, Tsai PW, Norimoto H, Michihara S, Murayama C, Wang CC. Anti-inflammatory and Antinociceptive Constituents of Atractylodes japonica Koidzumi. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:2254-2262. [PMID: 26919689 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b05841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The rhizomes of many Atractylodes species, including Atractylodes chinensis Koidzumi, Atractylodes macrocephala Koidzumi, and Atractylodes japonica Koidzumi, are collectively termed Atractylodis Rhizoma. We prepared n-hexane extracts of the three species and evaluated their anti-inflammatory effects on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cells. Among all n-hexane extracts, those of A. japonica most strongly inhibited nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells; five sesquiterpenes, atractylon, atractylenolide I, atractylenolide II, atractylenolide III, and 8-epiasterolid, were isolated from A. japonica. The phytochemical content of A. japonica was similar to those of A. chinensis and A. macrocephala. Moreover, the atractylon concentration was higher in A. japonica than in A. chinensis and A. macrocephala. Atractylon significantly inhibited NO and prostaglandin E2 production as well as inducible NO synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 expression in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. Atractylon (40 mg/kg) also significantly reduced the acetic-acid-induced writhing response, carrageenan-induced paw edema, and hot-plate latent pain response in mice. According to the results, A. japonica has anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects and atractylon is the major active component of A. japonica. Therefore, atractylon can be used as a bioactivity marker in A. japonica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lih-Geeng Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biopharmaceuticals, National Chiayi University , Chiayi 60004, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Hisayoshi Norimoto
- Kampo Research Laboratories, Kracie Pharma, Limited , Takaoka, Toyama 933-0856, Japan
| | - Seiwa Michihara
- Kampo Research Laboratories, Kracie Pharma, Limited , Takaoka, Toyama 933-0856, Japan
| | - Chiaki Murayama
- Kampo Research Laboratories, Kracie Pharma, Limited , Takaoka, Toyama 933-0856, Japan
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Chien TY, Huang SKH, Lee CJ, Tsai PW, Wang CC. Antinociceptive and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Zerumbone against Mono-Iodoacetate-Induced Arthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:249. [PMID: 26901193 PMCID: PMC4783979 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17020249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2015] [Revised: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The fresh rhizome of Zingiber zerumbet Smith (Zingiberaceae) is used as a food flavoring and also serves as a folk medicine as an antipyretic and for analgesics in Taiwan. Zerumbone, a monocyclic sesquiterpene was isolated from the rhizome of Z. zerumbet and is the major active compound. In this study, the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects of zerumbone on arthritis were explored using in vitro and in vivo models. Results showed that zerumbone inhibited inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 expressions, and NO and prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) production, but induced heme oxygenase (HO)-1 expression in a dose-dependent manner in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. When zerumbone was co-treated with an HO-1 inhibitor (tin protoporphyrin (SnPP)), the NO inhibitory effects of zerumbone were recovered. The above results suggest that zerumbone inhibited iNOS and COX-2 through induction of the HO-1 pathway. Moreover, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-13 and COX-2 expressions of interleukin (IL)-1β-stimulated primary rat chondrocytes were inhibited by zerumbone. In an in vivo assay, an acetic acid-induced writhing response in mice was significantly reduced by treatment with zerumbone. Furthermore, zerumbone reduced paw edema and the pain response in a mono-iodoacetate (MIA)-induced rat osteoarthritis model. Therefore, we suggest that zerumbone possesses anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects which indicate zerumbone could be a potential candidate for osteoarthritis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Yi Chien
- Department of Food Science, Nutrition, and Nutraceutical Biotechnology, Shih Chien University, Taipei City 10462, Taiwan.
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Steven Kuan-Hua Huang
- Division of Uro-Oncology, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan City 73657, Taiwan.
- Department of Applied Life Science and Health, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy & Science, Tainan City 71710, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Jung Lee
- Ph.D. Program for Clinical Drug Discovery of Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Po-Wei Tsai
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Ching-Chiung Wang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan.
- Orthopedics Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan.
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Xu Z, Xu C, Ge H, Li Y, Chu L, Zhang J, Cheng K. Modified dachengqi tang improves decreased gastrointestinal motility in postoperative esophageal cancer patients. J TRADIT CHIN MED 2015; 35:249-54. [PMID: 26237826 DOI: 10.1016/s0254-6272(15)30093-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical effects of modified dachengqi tang (DCQT) on promoting gastrointestinal motility in post-operative esophageal cancer patients. METHODS Sixty postoperative esophageal cancer patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to the modified treatment group or the control group (30 patients in each group). Patients in the treatment group were given DCQT made from decocted herbs and administered via nasojejunal tube at a dosage of 150 mL. Gastrointestinal motility was assessed by recording time for recovery of bowel sounds, flatus, defecation, and the total amount of gastric drainage during the first three postoperative days. Plasma motilin (MTL) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) were measured one hour before and three days after surgery. RESULTS Compared with the control group, the times to first bowel sound, flatus, and defecation were significantly shorter and there was less gastric drainage in the treatment group (P < 0.01, P < 0.01, P < 0.01, and P < 0.05, respectively). In the treatment group, postoperative plasma MTL was significantly higher (P < 0.01) and VIP was significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). There was no difference found in either MTL or VIP from before to after operation in the treatment group (P > 0.05). MTL was significantly lower and VIP was higher postoperatively in the control group, compared to before surgery (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Modified DCQT effectively improved decreased gastrointestinal motility in postoperative esophageal cancer patients by increasing MTL and reducing VIP.
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Kong X, Wan H, Su X, Zhang C, Yang Y, Li X, Yao L, Lin N. Rheum palmatum L. and Coptis chinensis Franch., exert antipyretic effect on yeast-induced pyrexia rats involving regulation of TRPV1 and TRPM8 expression. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 153:160-8. [PMID: 24530855 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2013] [Revised: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Rheum palmatum L. and Coptis chinensis Franch., are two representative cold-natured traditional Chinese medicine with heat-clearing effect, and were widely used to treat fever associated diseases in China for a long history. To elucidate the mechanism of the antipyretic effect of Rheum palmatum L. and Coptis chinensis Franch. from the perspective of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 and transient receptor potential melastatin 8 expression on yeast-induced pyrexia rat model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Pyrexia model was induced by injecting 20mg/kg of yeast suspension subcutaneously on rat. 3.5g/kg Rheum palmatum L. or 2.8g/kg Coptis chinensis Franch. were given intragastric administration 1h before and 3h after pyrexia inducion. Rectal temperature was recorded by electronic thermometer every hour. Protein expression of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 and melastatin 8 were examined by immunohistochemical staining in dorsal root ganglion, as well as in the paraventricular nuclei and supraoptic nucleus, two important nucleuses of hypothalamus for thermoregulation. Western blot analysis was also applied to test transient receptor potential levels in dorsal root ganglion and hypothalamus. The levels of prostaglandin E2, cyclic adenosine 3׳,5׳-monophosphate and arginine vasopressin were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in plasma and hypothalamus. RESULTS Both Rheum palmatum L. and Coptis chinensis Franch. clearly decreased the rectal temperature elevated by yeast in rats from 4h to 12h, especially 4-8h after yeast induction. Importantly, Rheum palmatum L. and Coptis chinensis Franch suppressed transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 and increased transient receptor potential melastatin 8 expressions in hypothalamus and dorsal root ganglion, at 4h, 8h and 12h after yeast induction when rectal temperature began to rise, reach the peak and decrease separately. Additionally, Rheum palmatum L. and Coptis chinensis Franch. interrupted the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 and melastatin 8 protein expressions in paraventricular nuclei and supraoptic nucleus with the similar tendency as hypothalamus. Finally, Rheum palmatum L. and Coptis chinensis Franch. inhibited the production of prostaglandin E2 and cyclic adenosine 3׳,5׳-monophosphate, while promoted the secretion of arginine vasopressin. CONCLUSION The antipyretic effect of Rheum palmatum L. and Coptis chinensis Franch might result, at least in part, from the regulation of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 and melastatin 8 expressions. Thus, our findings provide scientific basis for the wide use of cold-natured traditional Chinese medicine such as Rheum palmatum L. and Coptis chinensis Franch in China as a traditional antipyretics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangying Kong
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Hongye Wan
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xiaohui Su
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Cun Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yue Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xiaomin Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Lan Yao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Na Lin
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
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Huang GC, Lee CJ, Wang KT, Weng BC, Chien TY, Tseng SH, Wang CC. Immunomodulatory effects of Hedysarum polybotrys extract in mice macrophages, splenocytes and leucopenia. Molecules 2013; 18:14862-75. [PMID: 24300120 PMCID: PMC6270618 DOI: 10.3390/molecules181214862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Revised: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 11/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Astragali Radix (Huang-Qi) is a popular herbal medicine commonly used as a constituent in tonic herbal preparations. Hedysarum polybotrys Handel-Mazzetti is one species used of Astragali Radix. In this study, the immunomodulatory properties of H. polybotrys were explored by LPS-activated and SNP-treated RAW 264.7 cells and splenocytes and, daunoblastina-induced leucopenia BALB/c mice. Formononetin was used as the bioactive marker to monitor the quality of the H. polybotrys extracts. H. polybotrys was extracted with hot-water and methanol, and MeOH extract partitioned with H2O (M-H) and ethyl acetate (M-EA) to yield four different fractions. M-EA had the highest formononetin and total proanthocyanidin content and showed stronger inhibitory effects on the production and expression of NO, PGE2, iNOS and COX-2 in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cells and splenocytes than the other fractions. In addition, M-EA significantly stimulated the proliferation of LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cells and splenocytes, enhanced NO radicals scavenging and attenuated NO-induced cytotoxicity. Furthermore, M-EA also significantly increased the rate of recovery of white blood cells level in daunoblastina-induced leucopenia mice. These evidences suggest that this traditional Qi-tonifying herb has potential effects in clinical conditions when immune-enhancing and anti-inflammatory effect is desired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Cheng Huang
- Division of Hemato-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yuan’s General Hospital, No.162 Cheng Kung 1st Road, Kaohsiung City 80249, Taiwan; E-Mail:
- Program of Health-Business Administration, School of Nursing, Fooyin University, No.151 Jinxue Road, Kaohsiung City 83102, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jung Lee
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, No.155 Section 2, Linong Street, Taipei City 11221, Taiwan; E-Mail:
- Department of Education and Research, Taipei City Hospital Renai Branch, No.10, Section 4, Renai Road, Taipei City 10629, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Teng Wang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan; E-Mails: (K.-T.W.); (T.-Y.C.)
| | - Bor-Chun Weng
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biopharmaceuticals, College of Life Sciences, National Chiayi University, No.300 Syuefu Road, Chiayi City 60004, Taiwan; E-Mail:
| | - Ting-Yi Chien
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan; E-Mails: (K.-T.W.); (T.-Y.C.)
| | - Sung-Hui Tseng
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan; E-Mail:
| | - Ching-Chiung Wang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan; E-Mails: (K.-T.W.); (T.-Y.C.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +886-2-2736-1661 (ext. 6161); Fax: +886-2-2732-9368
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Hsu CM, Yu SC, Tsai FJ, Tsai Y. Enhancement of rhubarb extract solubility and bioactivity by 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin. Carbohydr Polym 2013; 98:1422-9. [PMID: 24053823 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Revised: 06/28/2013] [Accepted: 07/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Rhubarb is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, and the ethanolic extract of rhubarb consists of active anthraquinones, which are hydrophobic and have antiproliferative effects on hepatoma cell lines. To increase the aqueous solubility of rhubarb and study the consequent bioavailability, the ethanolic extract of rhubarb was complexed with 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD), a cyclic oligosaccharide that has a hydrophilic outer surface and a hydrophobic central cavity, to form a rhubarb-HP-β-CD complex. This complex was characterized by performing nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, two-dimensional rotating frame spectroscopy and thin layer chromatography to confirm the inclusion of anthraquinones from rhubarb extract in HP-β-CD (weight ratio of rhubarb extract:HP-β-CD=1:9). We investigated the effects of complexing rhubarb extract with HP-β-CD on the growth of Huh7 and HepG2 cells by performing cytotoxicity analysis, cellular uptake test, and colony formation assay. Our results showed that complexation of rhubarb extract with HP-β-CD increased the aqueous solubility and bioavailability of rhubarb and thus enhanced its effect on hepatoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Mu Hsu
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Genetics, Pediatrics and Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Liu Z, Zhang J, Gao W, Liu C. Antinociceptive activity and chemical composition of Wei-Chang-An-Wan extracts. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2013; 51:790-797. [PMID: 23675838 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2013.766893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Currently, famous traditional Chinese medicine formulas have undergone re-evaluation and development in China. Wei-Chang-An-Wan (WCAW) as one of them has been used for treating various gastrointestinal diseases for several decades. The secondary development of WCAW is in progress so as to interpret the effective material basis or find new pharmacological activity. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the antinociceptive effect of methanol extract of WCAW (ME) as well as four fractions (P.E., EtOAc, n-BuOH, H2O) and obtain information on the correlation between the contents of the fractions and antinociceptive effect. MATERIALS AND METHODS ME was divided into four parts extracted by petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and n-butanol. Antinociceptive activity was evaluated by three models of acetic acid-induced writhing, formalin and hot-plate test in mice after repetitive administration of ME at 200, 400 or 800 mg/kg, P.E. 132 mg/kg, EtOAc 106 mg/kg, n-BuOH 176 mg/kg and H2O 176 mg/kg for six days. The chemical compounds were analyzed by HPLC-ESI-MS. RESULTS ME at 800 mg/kg inhibited acid-induced writhing by 84.69%, and reduced the licking time of second phase in formalin test by 53.23%. The inhibition rates in acid-induced writhing of P.E., EtOAc, n-BuOH and H2O were 27.79, 33.85, 38.97 and 37.69%, respectively, and in formalin test about 50%. They had no effect on the hot-plate test. HPLC-ESI-MS analysis showed that 68 chemical compounds were detected and 41 compounds were identified from ME. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The results obtained herein indicate that WCAW possesses the antinociceptive activity that provides a new aspect in clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
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Zhao HY, Fan MX, Wu X, Wang HJ, Yang J, Si N, Bian BL. Chemical Profiling of the Chinese Herb Formula Xiao-Cheng-Qi Decoction Using Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry. J Chromatogr Sci 2012; 51:273-85. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bms138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Rapid and efficient purification of chrysophanol in Rheum Palmatum LINN by supercritical fluid extraction coupled with preparative liquid chromatography in tandem. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2012; 893-894:101-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2011] [Revised: 02/16/2012] [Accepted: 02/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Wang XM, Hou XQ, Zhang YQ, Yang R, Feng SF, Li Y, Ren Y. Genetic diversity of the endemic and medicinally important plant Rheum officinale as revealed by Inter-Simpe Sequence Repeat (ISSR) Markers. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:3900-3915. [PMID: 22489188 PMCID: PMC3317748 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13033900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2012] [Revised: 03/08/2012] [Accepted: 03/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheum officinale Baill., an important but endangered medicinal herb, is endemic to China. Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers were employed to investigate the genetic diversity and differentiation of 12 populations of R. officinale. Thirteen selected primers yielded 189 bright and discernible bands, with an average of 14.54 per primer. The genetic diversity was low at the population level, but pretty high at the species level (H = 0.1008, I = 0.1505, PPB = 28.95% vs. H = 0.3341, I = 0.5000, PPB = 95.24%, respectively) by POPGENE analysis. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that the genetic variation was found mainly among populations (74.38%), in line with the limited gene flow (N(m) = 0.2766) among populations. Mantel test revealed a significant correlation between genetic and geographic distances (r = 0.5381, P = 0.002), indicating the role of geographic isolation in shaping the present population genetic structure. Both Bayesian analysis and UPGMA cluster analysis demonstrated the similar results. Our results imply that the conservation efforts should aim to preserve all the extant populations of this endangered species, and cultivation is proposed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Mei Wang
- College of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China; E-Mails: (R.Y.); (Y.L.)
| | - Xiao-Qi Hou
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China; E-Mails: (X.-Q.H.); (Y.-Q.Z); (S.-F.F); (Y.R.)
| | - Yu-Qu Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China; E-Mails: (X.-Q.H.); (Y.-Q.Z); (S.-F.F); (Y.R.)
| | - Rui Yang
- College of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China; E-Mails: (R.Y.); (Y.L.)
| | - Shi-Fang Feng
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China; E-Mails: (X.-Q.H.); (Y.-Q.Z); (S.-F.F); (Y.R.)
| | - Yan Li
- College of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China; E-Mails: (R.Y.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yi Ren
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China; E-Mails: (X.-Q.H.); (Y.-Q.Z); (S.-F.F); (Y.R.)
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Beg S, Swain S, Hasan H, Barkat MA, Hussain MS. Systematic review of herbals as potential anti-inflammatory agents: Recent advances, current clinical status and future perspectives. Pharmacogn Rev 2011; 5:120-37. [PMID: 22279370 PMCID: PMC3263046 DOI: 10.4103/0973-7847.91102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2010] [Revised: 02/14/2011] [Accepted: 12/23/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Many synthetic drugs reported to be used for the treatment of inflammatory disorders are of least interest now a days due to their potential side effects and serious adverse effects and as they are found to be highly unsafe for human assistance. Since the last few decades, herbal drugs have regained their popularity in treatment against several human ailments. Herbals containing anti-inflammatory activity (AIA) are topics of immense interest due to the absence of several problems in them, which are associated with synthetic preparations. The primary objective of this review is to provide a deep overview of the recently explored anti-inflammatory agents belonging to various classes of phytoconstituents like alkaloids, glycosides, terpenoids, steroids, polyphenolic compounds, and also the compounds isolated from plants of marine origin, algae and fungi. Also, it enlists a distended view on potential interactions between herbals and synthetic preparations, related adverse effects and clinical trials done on herbals for exploring their AIA. The basic aim of this review is to give updated knowledge regarding plants which will be valuable for the scientists working in the field of anti-inflammatory natural chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarwar Beg
- Department of Pharamaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Suryakanta Swain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Roland Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khodasingi, Berhampur, Orissa, India
| | - Hameed Hasan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - M Abul Barkat
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Md Sarfaraz Hussain
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Khursi Road, Lucknow, India
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Tseng SH, Chien TY, Chen JR, Lin IH, Wang CC. Hypolipidemic effects of three purgative decoctions. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2011; 2011:249254. [PMID: 19880442 PMCID: PMC3095524 DOI: 10.1093/ecam/nep178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2009] [Accepted: 10/06/2009] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), purgation is indicated when a person suffers an illness due to the accumulation of evil internal heat. Obese individuals with a large belly, red face, thick and yellow tongue fur, constipation, and avoidance of heat are thought accumulates of evil internal heat, and they are also treated with purgatives such as Ta-Cheng-Chi-Tang (TCCT), Xiao-Chen-Chi-Tang (XCCT), and Tiao-Wei-Chen-Chi-Tang (TWCCT) by TCM doctors. In previous studies, our group found that TCCT has potent anti-inflammatory activity, and that XCCT is an effective antioxidant. Since rhubarb is the principle herb in these three prescriptions, we will first present a thorough review of the literature on the demonstrated effect (or lack of effect) of rhubarb and rhubarb-containing polyherbal preparations on lipid and weight control. We will then continue our research with an investigation of the anti-obesity and lipid-lowering effect of TCCT, XCCT, TWCCT, and rhubarb extracts using two animal models. TWCCT lowered the serum triglyceride concentration as much as fenofibrate in Triton WR-1339-treated mice. Daily supplementation with XCCT and TWCCT significantly attenuated the high-fat-diet-induced hypercholesterolemia in rats. In addition, TWCCT also significantly lowered the high-fat-diet-induced hypertriglycemia. Although feeding high-fat diet rats with these extracts did not cause loose stools or diarrhea or other deleterious effects on renal or hepatic function. None of these extracts lowered the body weight of rats fed on high-fat diet. In conclusion, the results suggest that XCCT and TWCCT might exert beneficial effects in the treatment of hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Hui Tseng
- School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu- Xing Street, Taipei 110, Taiwan
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Xu F, Liu Y, Song R, Dong H, Zhang Z. HPLC/DAD Comparison of Sixteen Bioactive Components between Da-Cheng-Qi Decoction and its Parent Herbal Medicines. Nat Prod Commun 2010. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1000500614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Differences in the contents of sixteen bioactive components (three tannins, five anthraquinones, six flavonoids and two neolignans) between Da-Cheng-Qi decoction (DCQD) and its three constitutional herbal medicines (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, Cortex Magnoliae officinalis, and Fructus Aurantii Immaturus) were compared using validated HPLC/DAD methods. The results indicated that there existed some kinds of interactions between these constitutional natural medicines during the DCQD preparation procedure, which could either enhance or depress the extractive rates of bioactive components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengguo Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Center for Instrumental Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 16 Medical Drive, S'pore 117597, Singapore
| | - Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Center for Instrumental Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 16 Medical Drive, S'pore 117597, Singapore
| | - Rui Song
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Center for Instrumental Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Haijuan Dong
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Center for Instrumental Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zunjian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Center for Instrumental Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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Xu F, Liu Y, Dong H, Song R, Zhang Z. Pharmacokinetic Comparison in Rats of Six Bioactive Compounds between Da-Cheng-Qi Decoction and its Parent Herbal Medicines. Nat Prod Commun 2010. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1000500523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Da-Cheng-Qi decoction (DCQD) is a purgative compound prescription used in China and East Asia. In this paper, pharmacokinetic differences of six major active components (rhein, emodin, aloe-emodin, magnolol, naringenin and hesperetin) between DCQD and its three constitutional herbal medicines i.e. Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, Cortex Magnoliae officinalis and Fructus Aurantii Immaturus were investigated in rats after oral administration. Plasma samples were analyzed for the quantification of the six active components using validated LC-MS/MS methods. Unpaired Student's t-test was used for statistical comparison. Significant differences ( p<0.05) in the main pharmacokinetic parameters for rhein, emodin, aloe-emodin, magnolol, naringenin and hesperetin were found between DCQD and the decoction of its constitutional single herbal medicines, which demonstrated the presence of drug-drug interactions between these constitutional raw materials of DCQD occurring either in the procedure of decoction or during ADME process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengguo Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Center for Instrumental Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 16 Medical Drive, S'pore 117600, Singapore
| | - Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Center for Instrumental Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 16 Medical Drive, S'pore 117600, Singapore
| | - Haijuan Dong
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Center for Instrumental Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Rui Song
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Center for Instrumental Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zunjian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Center for Instrumental Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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Xu F, Liu Y, Song R, Dong H, Zhang Z. Constituents of Da-Cheng-Qi Decoction and its Parent Herbal Medicines Determined by LC-MS/MS. Nat Prod Commun 2010. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1000500522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Da-Cheng-Qi decoction (DCQD) is a purgative prescription used in China and East Asia. To profile the constituents of this complex traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), a high-performance liquid chromatographic, electrospray ionization, tandem mass spectrometric (HPLC-ESI/MS/MS) analytical method was developed. After separation on a reversed-phase C18 analytical column using gradient elution, samples were analyzed by ESI-MS/MS in negative mode. As a result, a total of 37 compounds were detected, of which two tannins, three anthraquinones, two sennosides, five flavonoids and two lignans were unambiguously identified by comparison with standard compounds, and sixteen compounds were either tentatively identified or deduced according to their MS/MS data. The fragmentation pathways of many of the observed compounds, such as the tannins and lignans are reported for the first time. In addition, the identity of each peak in DCQD was explored by comparison with those of its three constituent herbs. The results indicated that tannins, anthraquinones and sennosides in DCQD originated from Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, flavonoids from Fructus Aurantii Immaturus, and lignans from Cortex Magnoliae officinalis. The present study provides an example of chemical constitution profiling in complex TCM systems using LC/MS/MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengguo Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Center for Instrumental Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 16 Medical Drive, S'pore 117597, Singapore
| | - Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Center for Instrumental Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 16 Medical Drive, S'pore 117597, Singapore
| | - Rui Song
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Center for Instrumental Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Haijuan Dong
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Center for Instrumental Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zunjian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Center for Instrumental Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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Lee CJ, Chen LG, Liang WL, Wang CC. Anti-inflammatory effects of Punica granatum Linne in vitro and in vivo. Food Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.04.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Xu F, Liu Y, Zhang Z, Yang C, Tian Y. Quasi-MSn identification of flavanone 7-glycoside isomers in Da Chengqi Tang by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Chin Med 2009; 4:15. [PMID: 19630957 PMCID: PMC2722651 DOI: 10.1186/1749-8546-4-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2008] [Accepted: 07/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Da Chengqi Tang (DCT) is a common purgative formula in Chinese medicine. Flavanones are its major active compounds derived from Fructus Aurantii Immaturus. The present study developed an LC-MS/MS method to characterize two pairs of flavanone 7-glycoside isomers, i.e., hesperidin versus neohesperidin and naringin versus isonaringin. Methods After solid phase purification, components in sample were separated on a Agilent zorbax SB-C18 (5 μm, 250 mm × 4.6 mm) analytical column. ESI-MS and quasi-MSn were performed in negative ion mode to obtain structural data of these two pairs of flavanone 7-glycoside isomers. Moreover, UV absorption was measured. Results There was no intra-pairs difference in the UV-Vis and MS/MS spectra of the two pairs of 7-glycoside isomers, whereas the mass spectrometry fragmentation pathways between pairs were different. Conclusion The present study developed a LC-MS/MS method to explore the inter- and intra-pair difference of two pairs of flavanone 7-glycoside isomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengguo Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China.
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Zhao YL, Wang JB, Zhou GD, Shan LM, Xiao XH. Investigations of Free Anthraquinones from Rhubarb Against α-Naphthylisothiocyanate-induced Cholestatic Liver Injury in Rats. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2009; 104:463-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2009.00389.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Hu Y, Chen X, Lin H, Hu Y, Mu X. Study on the antiendotoxin action of Pulsatillae Decoction using an Affymetrix rat genome array. Cell Immunol 2009; 257:32-7. [PMID: 19298953 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2009.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2009] [Revised: 02/13/2009] [Accepted: 02/17/2009] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A high-throughput and efficient Affymetrix rat genome array was used to investigate the pharmacological mechanism of the traditional Chinese medicine, Pulsatillae Decoction (PD), used for the treatment of diseases induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Rat intestinal microvascular endothelial cells (RIMECs) were challenged with 1mug/ml LPS for 3h, and then treated with PD at a concentration of 1mg/ml for 24h. Total RNA from each treatment group was extracted from cultured RIMECs for detection by the Affymetrix Rat Genome 230 2.0 Array. The results showed that 36 genes were upregulated and 33 genes were downregulated in the LPS group vs. the blank control group; 566 genes were upregulated and 12 genes were downregulated in the PD-treated group vs. the LPS group; and 93 genes were upregulated and 29 genes were downregulated in the PD-treated group vs. the blank control group. The analysis of these data suggested that PD specifically and effectively reduce damage induced by LPS, and improved physiological and biochemical responses to counteract the effects of LPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyi Hu
- Institue of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, PR China.
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Liu Y, Xu F, Zhang Z, Song R, Tian Y. Simultaneous determination of naringenin and hesperetin in rats after oral administration of Da-Cheng-Qi decoction by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Biomed Chromatogr 2008; 22:736-45. [PMID: 18384064 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
To quantify naringenin and hesperetin in rat plasma after oral administration of Da-Cheng-Qi decoction, a famous purgative traditional Chinese medicine, a high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated. The HPLC separation was carried out on a Zorbax SB-C(18) column using 0.1% formic acid-methanol as mobile phase and estazolam as internal standard after the sample of rat plasma had been cleaned up with one-step protein precipitation using methanol. Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization in the positive ion mode and selected reaction monitoring method was developed to determine the active components. This method was validated in terms of recovery, linearity, accuracy and precision (intra- and inter-batch variation). The recoveries of naringenin and hesperetin were 72.8-76.6 and 75.7-77.2%, respectively. Linearity in rat plasma was observed over the range of 0.5-250 ng/mL (r2 > 0.99) for both naringenin and hesperetin. The accuracy and precision were well within the acceptable range and the relative standard deviation of the measured rat plasma samples was less than 15% (n = 5). The validated method was successfully applied for the evaluation of the pharmacokinetics of naringenin and hesperetin administered to six rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
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Xu F, Liu Y, Zhang Z, Song R, Dong H, Tian Y. Rapid simultaneous quantification of five active constituents in rat plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry after oral administration of Da-Cheng-Qi decoction. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2008; 47:586-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2008.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2007] [Revised: 01/31/2008] [Accepted: 02/06/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Xu F, Liu Y, Zhang Z, Song R, yang C, Tian Y. Simultaneous SPE-LC Determination of Three Flavonoid Glycosides of Naringin, Neohesperidin and Hesperidin in Da-Cheng-Qi Decoction. Chromatographia 2007. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-007-0388-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Tseng SH, Chien TY, Tzeng CF, Lin YH, Wu CH, Wang CC. Prevention of hepatic oxidative injury by Xiao-Chen-Chi-Tang in mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2007; 111:232-9. [PMID: 17207593 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2006.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2006] [Revised: 11/03/2006] [Accepted: 11/18/2006] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The three purgative Cheng-Chi-Tang decoctions (CCTDs) including Ta-Cheng-Chi-Tang (TCCT), Xiao-Chen-Chi-Tang (XCCT), and Tiao-Wei-Chen-Chi-Tang (TWCCT) are used for treating gastrointestinal disorders, including liver diseases in traditional Chinese medicine. However, the underlying mechanisms as liver disease remedies are far from fully clarified. The objective of the study is to investigate and compare the antioxidant activity of the three purgative CCTDs in order to delineate their hepatic protective potential and mechanism. Antioxidant activity measured with the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging test indicated XCCT as the most potent preparation (IC(50) 8.94 microg/ml). In tert-butylhydroperoxide (TBH, 50mM)-induced lipid peroxidation in ICR mice liver homogenates, XCCT also showed stronger and dose-dependent inhibitory activity against TBH-induced malondialdehyde (MDA, a marker of lipid peroxidation) production (IC(50) 53.66 microg/ml). In addition, XCCT showed dose-dependent protective effect against TBH-induced cytotoxicity in normal human Chung liver cells Furthermore, in carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4))-induced acute liver injury model, mice pretreated with 0.2g/kg and 0.4 g/kg of XCCT extracts showed a decrease of 59.8 and 43.1% in serum glutamic oxaloactetic transaminase (GOT) level, 51.4 and 52% in glutamic pyruvate transaminase (GPT) level, along with a reduction of 31 and 15% in MDA level, respectively, similar to the effects exerted by silymarin. XCCT pretreated mice also showed milder necrotic changes in the microscopic picture of the liver. The results suggest that XCCT has significant antioxidant activity and hepatic protection potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Hui Tseng
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Xing Street, Taipei 110, Taiwan, ROC
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