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Abubakar AS, Ahmad B, Ahmad N, Liu L, Liu B, Qu Y, Chen J, Chen P, Zhao H, Chen J, Chen K, Gao G, Zhu A. Physicochemical evaluation, structural characterization, in vitro and in vivo bioactivities of water-soluble polysaccharides from Luobuma (Apocynum L.) tea. Food Chem 2024; 460:140453. [PMID: 39067428 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Luobuma tea is made from the leaves of Apocynum hendersonii (Bt) and A. venetum (Ht) and has been used for a very long time in China and Japan as herbal tea. This study isolated water-soluble polysaccharides from the two species` teas. Physicochemical properties, structural properties, in vitro and in vivo antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities were determined for the first time. The results showed that the Bt and Ht polysaccharides with molecular weights of 31.21 and 49.11 kDa, respectively, composed of arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, glucose, xylose, fucose, and mannose. A dose-dependent nitric oxide production and interleukin-6 inhibitory effects were obtained. Also, they suppressed the expression of cyclooxygenase-2, tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 mRNA in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. Likewise, Bt and Ht have significantly reduced edema in the paws of mice after carrageenan injection. These results suggested that the Luobuma teas polysaccharides can be explored as potential antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aminu Shehu Abubakar
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China; Department of Agronomy, Bayero University Kano, PMB, 3011, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Bilal Ahmad
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Nabi Ahmad
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China
| | - Liangliang Liu
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China
| | - Bin Liu
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Yatong Qu
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China; Key Laboratory of Biological and Processing for Bast Fiber Crops, MARA, Changsha 410221, China
| | - Jikang Chen
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China; Key Laboratory of Biological and Processing for Bast Fiber Crops, MARA, Changsha 410221, China; Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China; Key Laboratory of Biological and Processing for Bast Fiber Crops, MARA, Changsha 410221, China; Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Haohan Zhao
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China; Key Laboratory of Biological and Processing for Bast Fiber Crops, MARA, Changsha 410221, China; Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Jia Chen
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China; Key Laboratory of Biological and Processing for Bast Fiber Crops, MARA, Changsha 410221, China; Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Kunmei Chen
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China; Key Laboratory of Biological and Processing for Bast Fiber Crops, MARA, Changsha 410221, China; Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Gang Gao
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China; Key Laboratory of Biological and Processing for Bast Fiber Crops, MARA, Changsha 410221, China; Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha 410125, China.
| | - Aiguo Zhu
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China; Key Laboratory of Biological and Processing for Bast Fiber Crops, MARA, Changsha 410221, China; Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha 410125, China.
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Zhang J, Wu Y, Wang C, Xu W, Zhang Z, Zhang S, Guan X, Wang X. The antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity effect of ethyl acetate extract from the flowers of Syringa pubescens Turcz. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 322:117561. [PMID: 38072290 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Syringa Pubescens Turcz. (SP), a member of the Oleaceae family, is a species of plant known as Syringa. Flowers, as the medicinal part, are commonly used in the treatment of hepatitis and tonsillitis. AIM OF THE STUDY The research was the first to assess the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of different parts of SP flowers (SPF) in vitro. The most promising fraction was ethyl acetate fraction of SP flower (SPFEA). The antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of SPFEA were further studied, and the chemical components were identified. METHODS HPLC was used to identify the major components in various fraction of SPF. DPPH and ABTS + radical scavenging assays as well as FRAP test and β-carotene bleaching test were employed to assess the antioxidant potential of SPF fraction in vitro. The inhibitory effect on NO production in LPS-treated RAW264.7 cells and heat-induced protein denaturation test were used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory potential of SPF fraction. Further analysis of the biological activity of SPFEA was performed. Acute toxicity test was conducted to assess the toxicity of SPFEA. The anti-inflammatory effect was assessed by utilizing xylene induced ear edema model, carrageenan-induced foot edema model and peritonitis model in vivo. The analgesic effect of SPFEA was evaluated using hot plate test, tail immersion test, formaldehyde test as well as acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing pain experiment in vivo. In carrageenan induced foot edema model, ELISA kits were employed to measure levels of inflammation factors (NO, TNF-α, IL-6, COX-2, IL-1β) in foot tissue as well as MDA, CAT, SOD, GSH-PX levels in liver tissue. RESULTS HPLC results showed that there were significant differences in bioactive substances among different fractions of SPF, and SPFEA was rich in bioacitve components. Compared with other fractions of SPF, SPFEA exhibited better antioxidant and anti-inflammatory abilities. The 3000 mg/kg SPFEA group in mice had no obvious side effects. The xylene-induced ear edema model, carrageenan-induced foot edema and peritonitis models demonstrated that the SPFEA had significant anti-inflammatory effect. Moreover, inflammation factors including NO, TNF-α, IL-6, COX-2, IL-1β were significantly reduced in SPFEA groups in foot tissue induced by carrageenan. Additionally, SPFEA effectively decreased liver tissue oxidative stress levels (MDA, SOD, GSH-PX and CAT). The bioactivities of SPFEA demonstrated a clear dose-dependent relationship. The results of the hot plate test, tail immersion test, formaldehyde test and acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing pain experiments indicated the SPFEA possessed an excellent analgesic effect, and this effect was in dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSION The study provides a scientific foundation for understanding the pharmacological action of SPFEA. It has been indicated that SPFEA has excellent antioxidant, analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiameng Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, 471000, Luoyang, China
| | - Yanfang Wu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University of Science and Technology, 471000, Luoyang, China.
| | - Chenyu Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, 471000, Luoyang, China
| | - Weidong Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, 471000, Luoyang, China
| | - Zichen Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, 471000, Luoyang, China
| | - Suya Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, 471000, Luoyang, China
| | - Xinyi Guan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, 471000, Luoyang, China
| | - Xinsheng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, 471000, Luoyang, China.
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Chen TX, Wang SK, Zhang YQ, Wang W, Wang Q, Yu JC, Zhao SC, Xi GL, Jin Z, Chen ZS, Tang YZ. 7,8-dihydroxyflavone displayed antioxidant effect through activating HO-1 expression and inhibiting caspase-3/PARP activation in RAW264.7 cells. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23602. [PMID: 38053484 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids, which contain a benzo-γ-pyrone (C6-C3-C6) skeleton, have been reported to exhibit effective antioxidant ability. This study aimed to compare the antioxidant activities of 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF) and 7-hydroxyflavone (7-HF) in H2 O2 , lipopolysaccharide (LPS), or tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP)-induced RAW264.7 cells, respectively. The antioxidant capacities of 7,8-DHF and 7-HF were firstly evaluated by 2,2-azinobis-3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. Then, reactive oxygen species (ROS), super oxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) productions in H2 O2 , LPS, or t-BHP-induced RAW264.7 cells were tested and compared, respectively. Finally, the antioxidant mechanisms of 7-HF and 7,8-DHF were initially investigated by western blot. Our results showed that 7,8-DHF possessed stronger free-radical scavenging capacity than 7-HF. Both 7,8-DHF and 7-HF suppressed MDA production and ROS accumulation, improved the activity of SOD in H2 O2 , LPS, or t-BHP-induced RAW264.7 cells, respectively. And 7,8-DHF exerted a better antioxidant effect than 7-HF, especially in t-BHP-induced oxidative stress. Mechanically, 7,8-DHF prevented the activation of poly ADP-ribosepolymerase and caspase-3, meanwhile markedly upregulated the expression of HO-1 protein in t-BHP-induced oxidative stress. These results suggested that 7,8-DHF might serve as a potential pharmaceutical drug against oxidative stress injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Xiao Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shou-Kai Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Qing Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Chun Yu
- Technology Center for China Tobacco Henan Industrial Limited Company, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Sheng-Chen Zhao
- Technology Center for China Tobacco Henan Industrial Limited Company, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Gao-Lei Xi
- Technology Center for China Tobacco Henan Industrial Limited Company, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhen Jin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ze-Shao Chen
- Technology Center for China Tobacco Henan Industrial Limited Company, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - You-Zhi Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
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Gupta P, Kaur N, Kumar V, Gupta A, Gupta S, Dua A, Injeti E, Mittal A. Evaluation of cinnamaldehyde derivatives as potential protective agents against oxidative-stress induced myotube atrophy using chemical, biological and computational analysis. Bioorg Chem 2023; 139:106661. [PMID: 37354662 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle atrophy, associated with increased morbidity, mortality and poor quality of life, is a metabolic disorder with no FDA approved drug. Oxidative stress is one of the key mediators of atrophy that influences various cell signaling molecules. The goal of this study is to identify potential antioxidant agents that could be used to treat atrophy. In this study in vitro and in situ screening of different cinnamaldehyde (CNA) derivatives for their antioxidant effects was done along with computational analysis to understand the relationship between their chemical structure and biological activity. Data show that 2-hydroxycinnamaldehyde (2HCNA) worked better than other CNA analogues at physiological pH, while 4-Fluoro-2-methoxycinnamaldehyde (4FoCNA) showed the maximum antioxidant activity under acidic conditions. However, these derivatives (2HCNA and 4FoCNA) were found to be toxic to the cultured myotubes (mature myofiber) under both physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Immunofluorescence, bright-field microscopic and biochemical studies conducted using live C2C12 cells showed that pre-incubation with other CNA analogues i.e. 2-methoxycinnamaldehyde (2MeCNA) and 2-benzyloxycinnamaldehyde (2BzCNA) not only maintained the normal morphology of myotubes but also protected them from H2O2-induced atrophy. These compounds (2MeCNA and 2BzCNA) showed higher stability and antioxidant potential, as indicated by computer simulation data analyzed by Density Functional Theory (DFT) based molecular modeling. Overall, the chemical, biological, and computational studies reveal the therapeutic potential of CNA analogues (BzCNA and MeCNA) against oxidative-stress induced muscle atrophy in C2C12 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prachi Gupta
- Skeletal Muscle Laboratory, Institute of Integrated and Honors Studies, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana 136119, India
| | - Nirmaljeet Kaur
- Skeletal Muscle Laboratory, Institute of Integrated and Honors Studies, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana 136119, India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Central University, Mahendergarh, Haryana, India
| | - Amit Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Dronacharya Government College, Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | - Sanjeev Gupta
- Skeletal Muscle Laboratory, Institute of Integrated and Honors Studies, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana 136119, India
| | - Anita Dua
- Skeletal Muscle Laboratory, Institute of Integrated and Honors Studies, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana 136119, India
| | - Elisha Injeti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cedarville University School of Pharmacy, Cedarville, OH, USA
| | - Ashwani Mittal
- Skeletal Muscle Laboratory, Institute of Integrated and Honors Studies, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana 136119, India.
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Wahid F, Jan T, Al-Joufi FA, Ali Shah SW, Nisar M, Zahoor M. Amelioration of Scopolamine-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction in Experimental Mice Using the Medicinal Plant Salvia moorcroftiana. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12070894. [PMID: 35884701 PMCID: PMC9320495 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12070894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Salvia moorcroftiana is medicinally used in various parts of the world to treat a number of diseases. In the literature, the antiamnesic activity of this plant has not yet been reported. Therefore, the current study was aimed at evaluating the in vivo antiamnesic (scopolamine-induced) potential of Salvia moorcroftiana. The major phytochemical groups such as total phenolic (TPC), total tannin (TTC), and total flavonoid content (TFC) in methanolic extract (SlMo-Crd) and subsequent fractions of Salvia moorcroftiana were quantified using standard methods. The in vitro anticholinesterase (against butyryl cholinesterase; BChE and acetylcholinesterase; AChE) and antioxidant (against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl; DPPH and 2,2′-Azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid); ABTS free radicals) potentials of crude (SIMO-Crd) extract and fractions (hexane; SlMo-Hex, chloroform; SlMo-Chl, ethyl acetate; SlMo-Et) were also determined. The SlMo-Crd at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight compared to fractions of 75 and 150 mg/kg body weight (which were 1/10th of the highest dose tested in acute toxicity tests) were evaluated for their memory enhancement and learning behavior in normal and scopolamine-induced mental dysfunction in mice using behavioral memory tests such as the Y-maze test and novel object recognition test (NORT). Moreover, the samples were further evaluated for acetylcholine contents and biochemical markers such as MDA (malondialdehyde), SOD (superoxide dismutase), CAT (catalase), and GSH (glutathione peroxidase) levels. The maximum TPC with a value of 114.81 ± 1.15 mg GAE/g, TTC with a value of 106.79 ± 1.07 mg GAE/g, and TFC with a value of 194.29 ± 0.83 mg RE/g were recorded for the SlMo-Chl fraction. Against the DPPH free radical, the methanolic extract exhibited an IC50 value of 95.29 ± 1.06 µg/mL whereas, among the fractions, the best activity was observed for the SlMo-Chl fraction with an IC50 of 75.02 ± 0.91 µg/mL, followed by SlMoS-Et with an IC50 value of 88.71 ± 0.87 µg/mL. Among the extracts, the SlMo-Chl and SlMo-Et fractions inverted the amnesic effects of scopolamine in mice effectively. Additionally, the SlMo-Chl and SIMO-Et fractions considerably enhanced the percent spontaneous alteration performance in the Y-maze test with values of 65.18 ± 2.61/69.51 ± 2.71 and 54.92 ± 2.49/60.41 ± 2.69, respectively, for the tested doses. The discrimination index (DI) in experimental mice was considerably enhanced by the SlMo-Chl in the NORT with values of 59.81 ± 1.21/61.22 ± 1.31% DI correspondingly for the tested doses, as mentioned above, followed by the SlMo-Et extract. The selected plant in the form of extracts ameliorated the effects of amnesia in mice and could, therefore, be used as a therapy for amnesia; however, this is subject to further exploration in other animal models and the isolation of the responsible compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazal Wahid
- Department of Botany, University of Malakand, Dir (Lower), Chakdara 18800, Pakistan; (F.W.); (M.N.)
| | - Tour Jan
- Department of Botany, University of Malakand, Dir (Lower), Chakdara 18800, Pakistan; (F.W.); (M.N.)
- Correspondence: (T.J.); (M.Z.)
| | - Fakhria A. Al-Joufi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Syed Wadood Ali Shah
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Dir (Lower), Chakdara 18800, Pakistan;
| | - Mohammad Nisar
- Department of Botany, University of Malakand, Dir (Lower), Chakdara 18800, Pakistan; (F.W.); (M.N.)
| | - Muhammad Zahoor
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Malakand, Dir (Lower), Chakdara 18800, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (T.J.); (M.Z.)
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Elangovan A, Ramachandran J, Lakshmanan DK, Ravichandran G, Thilagar S. Ethnomedical, phytochemical and pharmacological insights on an Indian medicinal plant: The balloon vine (Cardiospermum halicacabum Linn.). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 291:115143. [PMID: 35227784 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cardiospermum halicacabum Linn. (C. halicacabum) is one of the well-known leafy green vegetables in India. It is an herbaceous climber from the Sapindaceae family which is found in almost every Continent and Oceania. In the traditional Indian medicine systems, this plant is used for the treatment of rheumatism, abdominal pain, orchitis, dropsy, lumbago, skin diseases, cough, nervous disorders, and hyperthermia. AIM OF THE REVIEW This review presents the current information about ethnomedical uses and progress on geographical distribution, pharmacological activities, phytochemistry, micropropagation, and toxicity of C. halicacabum. Also, critically summarizes the relationship between the reported pharmacological activities and the traditional usages along with the future perspectives for research on this medicinal plant. MATERIALS AND METHODS The data on C. halicacabum were collected using multiple internet sources such as Google Scholar, Science Direct, Taylor & Francis, PubMed, Web of Science, Springer Link, Wiley online, and plant databases. RESULTS Chemical characterization using LC-MS/MS, HPLC, and NMR exposed the presence of chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, coumaric acid, luteolin-7-o-glucuronide, apigenin-7-o-glucuronide, and chrysoeriol in different parts of C. halicacabum. Based on the outcomes of this review, the main bioactive compounds found in C. halicacabum include phenols, phenolic acids, flavonoids, flavonoid glycosides, and flavonoid glucuronides. Besides the above-mentioned constituents, palmitic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid, linolenic acid, eicosenoic acid, and arachidic acid are the compounds that constitute the fatty acid profile of C. halicacabum seeds. Specifically, Cardiospermin, a bioactive compound isolated from the root extract of C. halicacabum has been recognized for its anxiolytic activity. Moreover, C. halicacabum showed a broad spectrum of pharmacological activities including anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic, anti-diabetic, anxiolytic activity, antiulcer, apoptotic activity, antibacterial, antiviral, anti-diarrheal, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, and nephroprotective properties. However, the bioactive compounds responsible for most of the above therapeutic properties have not been elucidated till now. CONCLUSION Phytochemicals from C. halicacabum showed noticeable pharmacological effects against plethora of health disorders. Some of the traditional applications were supported by modern scientific studies, however, more pharmacological evaluations should be conducted to validate other traditional uses of C. halicacabum. Despite C. halicacabum's vast pharmacological activity, additional human clinical trials are needed to determine the potent and safe dosages for the treatment of various health abnormalities. Besides, bioassay-guided isolation of active constituents, pharmacokinetic evaluations and identification of their mode of action are recommended for future investigations on C. halicacabum to unveil its therapeutic drug leads. Overall, this review suggests that C. halicacabum could be a new source of functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbirami Elangovan
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jeyadevi Ramachandran
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Lakshmanan
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Biotechnology, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Guna Ravichandran
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sivasudha Thilagar
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Fatima M, Anjum I, Abdullah A, Abid SZ, Malik MN. Boswellic Acids, Pentacyclic Triterpenes, Attenuate Oxidative Stress, and Bladder Tissue Damage in Cyclophosphamide-Induced Cystitis. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:13697-13703. [PMID: 35559194 PMCID: PMC9088903 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c07292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Boswellic acids, derived from the Boswellia serrata plant, have been demonstrated to have anti-inflammatory properties in experimental animal models. The present study was aimed to evaluate the uro-protective effect of boswellic acids in rats with cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis. Interstitial cystitis was induced by cyclophosphamide (CYP). In order to analyze the reduction of the urothelial damage, the bladder weight, the nociception response, and the Evans blue dye extravasation from the bladder were evaluated. To investigate the involvement of lipid peroxidation and enzymatic antioxidants CAT, SOD, and GPX and MPO and NO were evaluated. IL-6 and TNF-α were measured by the ELISA immunoassay technique. The results showed that pretreatment with boswellic acids significantly reduced urothelial damage which was accompanied by a decrease in the activity of MDA, CPO, and NO levels and prevention of the depletion of CAT, SOD, and GPX. The levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were dramatically reduced by boswellic acids. Histopathological findings revealed a considerable reduction in cellular infiltration, edema, epithelial denudation, and bleeding. Our findings showed that boswellic acids, by their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, negate the detrimental effects of cyclophosphamide on the bladder, suggesting boswellic acids as promising therapeutic alternatives for cystitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Fatima
- Department
of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The
University of Lahore, 54000 Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Irfan Anjum
- Department
of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The
University of Lahore, 54000 Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aamir Abdullah
- Allama
Iqbal Medical College, Jinnah Hospital Lahore, 54550 Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shaun Zshaan Abid
- Allama
Iqbal Medical College, Jinnah Hospital Lahore, 54550 Lahore, Pakistan
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Casula E, Manconi M, Vázquez JA, Lopez-Mendez TB, Pedraz JL, Calvo E, Lozano A, Zaru M, Ascenso A, Manca ML. Design of a Nasal Spray Based on Cardiospermum halicacabum Extract Loaded in Phospholipid Vesicles Enriched with Gelatin or Chondroitin Sulfate. Molecules 2021; 26:6670. [PMID: 34771079 PMCID: PMC8587141 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The extract of Cardiospermum halicacabum L. (C. halicacabum) obtained from flower, leaf and vine was loaded into modified phospholipid vesicles aiming at obtaining sprayable, biocompatible and effective nasal spray formulations for the treatment of nasopharyngeal diseases. Penetration enhancer-containing vesicles (PEVs) and hyalurosomes were formulated, and stabilized by adding a commercial gelatin from fish (20 mg/mL) or chondroitin sulfate from catshark cartilages (Scyliorhinus canicula, 20 mg/mL). Cryo-TEM images confirmed the formation of spherical vesicles, while photon correlation spectroscopy analysis disclosed the formation of small and negatively-charged vesicles. PEVs were the smaller vesicles (~100 nm) along with gelatin-hyalurosomes (~120 nm), while chondroitin-PEVs and chondroitin-hyalurosomes were larger (~160 nm). Dispersions prepared with chondroitin sulfate were more homogeneous, as the polydispersity index was ~0.15. The in vitro analysis of the droplet size distribution, average velocity module and spray cone angle suggested a good spray-ability and deposition of formulations in the nasal cavity, as the mean diameter of the droplets was in the range recommended by the Food and Drug Administration for nasal targets. The spray plume analysis confirmed the ability of PEVs, gelatin-PEVs, hyalurosomes and gelatin-hyalurosomes to be atomized in fine droplets homogenously distributed in a full cone plume, with an angle ranging from 25 to 30°. Moreover, vesicles were highly biocompatible and capable of protecting the epithelial cells against oxidative damage, thus preventing the inflammatory state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Casula
- Department of Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Sezione di Scienze del Farmaco, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale n. 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (E.C.); (M.L.M.)
| | - Maria Manconi
- Department of Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Sezione di Scienze del Farmaco, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale n. 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (E.C.); (M.L.M.)
| | - José Antonio Vázquez
- Group of Recycling and Valorization of Waste Materials (REVAL), Marine Research Institute (IIM-CSIC), C/Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain;
| | - Tania Belen Lopez-Mendez
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (T.B.L.-M.); (J.L.P.)
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - José Luis Pedraz
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (T.B.L.-M.); (J.L.P.)
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, Calle José Achotegui s/n., 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Esteban Calvo
- Laboratory for Research in Fluid Dynamics and Combustion Technology (LIFTEC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC)–Universidad de Zaragoza, María de Luna, 10, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; (E.C.); (A.L.)
| | - Antonio Lozano
- Laboratory for Research in Fluid Dynamics and Combustion Technology (LIFTEC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC)–Universidad de Zaragoza, María de Luna, 10, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; (E.C.); (A.L.)
| | - Marco Zaru
- Icnoderm S.r.l., Sardegna Ricerche Ed. 5, Pula, 09010 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Andreia Ascenso
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbona, Av. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbona, Portugal;
| | - Maria Letizia Manca
- Department of Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Sezione di Scienze del Farmaco, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale n. 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (E.C.); (M.L.M.)
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9
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Antioxidant and Antiinflammatory Effects of Epilobium parviflorum, Melilotus officinalis and Cardiospermum halicacabum Plant Extracts in Macrophage and Microglial Cells. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102691. [PMID: 34685671 PMCID: PMC8534520 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: We investigated the phenolic content characterizing different plant extracts from Epilobium parviflorum, Cardiospermum halicacabum, and Melilotus officinalis, their antioxidant, antiinflammatory effects, and their mechanism of action. Methods: plant samples were macerated in 40% ethanol or hot/ cold glycerate and assessed for polyphenols content. The antioxidant activity was investigated by DPPH radical scavenging assay and H2DCFDA test in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages and N9 microglial cells. MTS experiments and antiinflammatory properties verified cellular toxicity through NO assay. Interaction with A2A adenosine receptors was evaluated through binding assays using [3H]ZM241385 radioligand. Results: Polyphenols were present in 40% ethanol plant extract, which at 0.1–10 µg/µL achieved good antioxidant effects, with a DPPH radical scavenging rate of about 90%. In LPS-stimulated cells, these plant extracts, at 1μg/μL, did not affect cell vitality, displayed significant inhibition of H2DCFDA and NO production, and inhibited ZM 241385 binding in CHO cells transfected with A2A receptors. RAW 264.7 and N9 cells presented a density of them quantified in 60 ± 9 and 45 ± 5 fmol/mg of protein, respectively. Conclusion: Epilobium parviflorum, Cardiospermum halicacabum, and Melilotus officinalis extracts may be considered a source of agents for treating disorders related to oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Dowlath MJH, Musthafa SA, Mohamed Khalith SB, Varjani S, Karuppannan SK, Ramanujam GM, Arunachalam AM, Arunachalam KD, Chandrasekaran M, Chang SW, Chung WJ, Ravindran B. Comparison of characteristics and biocompatibility of green synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles with chemical synthesized nanoparticles. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 201:111585. [PMID: 34181925 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Iron oxide nanoparticles synthesis is an expanding area of research due of their magnetic properties and possible applications in several novel technologies. FeONPs are indispensable in the biomedical field for diagnosis, treatments and drug delivery and in bioremediation applications. The synthesis route of nanoparticles is a major concern because biological methods are eco-friendly, and chemical methods are considered toxic. The objective of this study is to synthesize FeONPs by two different methods and to compare their properties and efficiency in applications. FeONPs were synthesized and characterized by microscopic and various spectroscopic techniques. The synthesized FeONPs were screened for their cytotoxic activity on PBMCs using MTT assay and found to exhibit good biocompatibility. Moreover, the GS FeONPs exhibited potential antibacterial activities and meanwhile showed less toxicity in brine shrimp lethality assay. Hence, these nanoparticles are biocompatible, environmentally safe and can be utilized in many medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Junaid Hussain Dowlath
- Center for Environmental Nuclear Research, Directorate of Research and Virtual Education, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - Shazia Anjum Musthafa
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Indian System of Medicine, Directorate of Research and Virtual Education, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India; Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - S B Mohamed Khalith
- Center for Environmental Nuclear Research, Directorate of Research and Virtual Education, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - Sunita Varjani
- Gujarat Pollution Control Board, Gandhinagar, 382 010, Gujarat, India
| | - Sathish Kumar Karuppannan
- Center for Environmental Nuclear Research, Directorate of Research and Virtual Education, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - Ganesh Munuswamy Ramanujam
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Indian System of Medicine, Directorate of Research and Virtual Education, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - Aarrthy M Arunachalam
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Howard University, Kaplan Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Kantha Deivi Arunachalam
- Center for Environmental Nuclear Research, Directorate of Research and Virtual Education, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India.
| | - Murugesan Chandrasekaran
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Woong Chang
- Department of Environmental Energy and Engineering, Kyonggi University, Youngtong-Gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-Do, 16227, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Jin Chung
- Department of Environmental Energy and Engineering, Kyonggi University, Youngtong-Gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-Do, 16227, Republic of Korea
| | - Balasubramani Ravindran
- Center for Environmental Nuclear Research, Directorate of Research and Virtual Education, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India; Department of Environmental Energy and Engineering, Kyonggi University, Youngtong-Gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-Do, 16227, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Jimoh-Abdulghaffaar HO, Owoyele BV. Honey reverses disease progression, has anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects in a rat model of knee osteoarthritis induced by monosodium iodoacetate. CLINICAL NUTRITION OPEN SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutos.2021.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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12
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Zhang FX, Li M, Yuan YLL, Cui SS, Qiu ZC, Li RM. Dissection of the potential pharmacological mechanism of Rhizoma coptidis water extract against inflammation in diabetes mellitus via chemical profiling, network pharmacology and experimental validation. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj02812j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Elucidating the therapeutical basis and functional mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is still a challenge faced by researchers since the effects of TCM are always achieved by the interactions of multiple components and multiple targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-xiang Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Min Li
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Trauma and Disaster Rescue, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570102, China
| | - Yu-lin-lan Yuan
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Shuang-Shuang Cui
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zuo-cheng Qiu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of FormulaPattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Formula-Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Rui-man Li
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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13
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Suzuki M, Anraku M, Hakamata W, Kishida T, Ueda K, Endoh T. Antioxidative Potency of Dolphin Serum Albumin Is Stronger Than That of Human Serum Albumin Irrespective of Substitution of 34Cysteine With Serine. Front Physiol 2020; 11:598451. [PMID: 33224041 PMCID: PMC7667151 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.598451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Serum albumin (SA), the most abundant protein in circulation, functions as a carrier protein, osmoregulator, and antioxidant. Generally, SA exerts its antioxidative effects by scavenging reactive oxygen species. Because marine mammals are superior divers, they are intermittently exposed to oxidative stress induced by rapid reperfusion of oxygen to ischemic tissues after the dive. Although several antioxidants in marine mammals have been described, SA activity remains largely uncharacterized. In this study, we investigated the antioxidative activity of SA in marine mammals by comparing features of the primary and steric structures, biochemical properties, and antioxidative activities of common bottlenose dolphin SA (DSA) and human SA (HSA). Our results revealed that DSA lacked free cysteine at position 34 that is important for the antioxidative activity of HSA; however, the antioxidative capacity and thiol activity of DSA were stronger than those of HSA. Circular dichroism spectra showed different patterns in DSA and HSA. Ultraviolet fluorescence intensities of DSA were higher than those of HSA, suggesting lower surface hydrophobicity of DSA. Additionally, DSA showed higher excess heat capacity than HSA. We then compared a homology model of DSA with a 3D model of HSA. Our results indicate that DSA was more unstable than HSA at least in the body-temperature range, probably due to the mode of molecules involved in the disulfide bonds and/or the lower surface hydrophobicity, and it may be related to the equivalent or stronger antioxidant potency of DSA. These data show that DSA is an effective antioxidant in the circulation of the dolphin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miwa Suzuki
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Physiology, Department of Marine Science and Resources, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Makoto Anraku
- Laboratory of Physical Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Wataru Hakamata
- Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Life Science, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Takushi Kishida
- Wildlife Research Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Museum of Natural and Environmental History, Shizuoka, Japan
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14
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Lakra AK, Domdi L, Hanjon G, Tilwani YM, Arul V. Some probiotic potential of Weissella confusa MD1 and Weissella cibaria MD2 isolated from fermented batter. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.109261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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15
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Potential Antioxidant and Enzyme Inhibitory Effects of Nanoliposomal Formulation Prepared from Salvia aramiensis Rech. f. Extract. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9040293. [PMID: 32244734 PMCID: PMC7222214 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9040293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Salvia aramiensis Rech. f. is a species that grows only in Hatay, Turkey and is used as a traditional stomachic tea. Neither the chemical composition nor the potential bioactivity of the plant has been investigated before. Antioxidant activity (1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl Radical (DPPH●) and 2,2’-Azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS+●) radical scavenging and β-carotene/linoleic acid co-oxidation) of 70% methanol, 70% ethanol extracts, and 2% infusion obtained from S. aramiensis aerial parts were determined. The effect of 70% methanol extract on collagenase and elastase enzyme inhibition and its chemical composition via chromatographic methods (LC-MS/MS and HPLC) were analyzed. Nanoliposomes were developed with 70% methanol extract, were characterized, and were evaluated. The key parameters for the most active 70% methanol extract included the following DPPH•EC50: 28.4 µg/mL, Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC)/ABTS: 1.77 ± 0.09 mmol/L/Trolox. Furthermore 70% methanol extract showed more than 50% inhibition on collagenase and elastase enzymes at all the concentrations. The main component of the extract, rich in phenolic compounds, has been identified as rosmarinic acid; 83.7 µg/mL extract was released from the nanoliposomal formulation. The extract and its formulation are found to be nontoxic on the L929 fibroblast cell line. This study successfully developed a long-term antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory formulation containing S. aramiensis, which has been used safely among the public for years.
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16
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Andriamanantena M, Danthu P, Cardon D, Fawbush FR, Raonizafinimanana B, Razafintsalama VE, Rakotonandrasana SR, Ethève A, Petit T, Caro Y. Malagasy Dye Plant Species: A Promising Source of Novel Natural Colorants with Potential Applications – A Review. Chem Biodivers 2019; 16:e1900442. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201900442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahery Andriamanantena
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles et des Sciences des AlimentsUniversité de La Réunion FR-97490 Sainte-Clotilde Réunion
- Département Industries Agricoles et Alimentaires (IAA-ESSA)Université d'Antananarivo MG-101 Antananarivo Madagascar
| | - Pascal Danthu
- Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (CIRAD)Unité HortSys FR-34000 Montpellier France
- Université de Montpellier FR-34000 Montpellier France
| | | | - Fanjaniaina R. Fawbush
- Département Industries Agricoles et Alimentaires (IAA-ESSA)Université d'Antananarivo MG-101 Antananarivo Madagascar
| | - Béatrice Raonizafinimanana
- Département Industries Agricoles et Alimentaires (IAA-ESSA)Université d'Antananarivo MG-101 Antananarivo Madagascar
| | | | | | - Andrée Ethève
- Association Femmes Entrepreneurs Environnement Mahajanga (FEEM) MG-401 Mahajanga Madagascar
| | - Thomas Petit
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles et des Sciences des AlimentsUniversité de La Réunion FR-97490 Sainte-Clotilde Réunion
- Département Hygiène Sécurité Environnement (HSE), IUT de La RéunionUniversité de La Réunion 40 Avenue de Soweto FR-97410 Saint-Pierre Réunion
| | - Yanis Caro
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles et des Sciences des AlimentsUniversité de La Réunion FR-97490 Sainte-Clotilde Réunion
- Département Hygiène Sécurité Environnement (HSE), IUT de La RéunionUniversité de La Réunion 40 Avenue de Soweto FR-97410 Saint-Pierre Réunion
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17
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He H, Huang B, Zhu X, Luo N, Sun S, Deng H, Pan X, Dionysiou DD. Dissolved organic matter mediates in the anaerobic degradation of 17α-ethinylestradiol in a coupled electrochemical and biological system. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 292:121924. [PMID: 31386945 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) can act as an electron shuttle in biogeochemical redox reactions to affect the fate of contaminants. Herein DOMs were tested for their ability to mediate in the degradation of 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) in a coupled electrochemical and biological system. Fulvic acid (FA) and Sigma humic acid (SHA) were found to promote degradation by the electro-domesticated micro-organisms in the coupled system. Analyses of superoxide dismutase levels, microbial community and clusters of orthologous groups of proteins showed that electrical stimulation promoted their growth and metabolism. It was confirmed that electron transfer in the coupled system was promoted in the presence of DOM as their protein-like components were converted into aromatic substances. The electrical stimulation improved the microorganisms' effectiveness in subsequent biodegradation under anaerobic condition. Stimulated micro-organisms seemed to increase their environmental tolerance and degrade EE2 effectively. These findings provide evidence about the fate of estrogens in bioelectrochemical water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan He
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; Environmental Engineering and Science Program, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
| | - Bin Huang
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control in Soils, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Xintong Zhu
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Nao Luo
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Shijie Sun
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Hongyu Deng
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Xuejun Pan
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control in Soils, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Dionysios D Dionysiou
- Environmental Engineering and Science Program, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
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18
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Ou Z, Zhao J, Zhu L, Huang L, Ma Y, Ma C, Luo C, Zhu Z, Yuan Z, Wu J, Li R, Yi J. Anti-inflammatory effect and potential mechanism of betulinic acid on λ-carrageenan-induced paw edema in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 118:109347. [PMID: 31545273 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
λ-Carrageenan (Carr), a seaweed polysaccharide, is used as a proinflammatory agent in research. Betulinic acid (BA), a naturally occurring pentacyclic triterpenoid, exerts immunomodulatory, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, anti-malarial and anti-HIV effects. The aim of this study was to investigate whether BA exerts anti-inflammatory effect against Carr-induced paw edema in mice, and how BA could mediate the expression of inflammation-associated MAPK-COX-2-PGE2 signal pathway. BA pretreatment significantly reduced the inflammatory response to Carr-induced paw edema, especially at 4 h after injection. BA reduced the serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-5, IL-6, GM-CSF, KC, MCP-1 and PGE2 in Carr-treated mice, and increased those of anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-12. It also increased SOD, CAT and GSH-Px activities, and GSH content, and reduced MDA content in the liver of Carr-treated mice. Besides, BA reduced neutrophil infiltration in the basal and subcutaneous layers of the paw of Carr-treated mice, decreased the expression of COX-2 protein, and reduced the phosphorylation of JNK, p38 and ERK1/2. These results indicated that the protective effect of BA on Carr-induced paw edema might be due to its alleviation of inflammatory response and inhibition of oxidative stress, possibly by inhibiting MAPK-COX-2-PGE2 signaling pathway activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoping Ou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha City, 410128, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha City, 410128, China
| | - Lijuan Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha City, 410128, China
| | - Lin Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha City, 410128, China
| | - Yurong Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha City, 410128, China
| | - Chaoyang Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha City, 410128, China
| | - Chenxi Luo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha City, 410128, China
| | - Zihan Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha City, 410128, China
| | - Zhihang Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha City, 410128, China; Hunan Co-innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha City, 410128, China
| | - Jing Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha City, 410128, China; Hunan Co-innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha City, 410128, China
| | - Rongfang Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha City, 410128, China; Hunan Co-innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha City, 410128, China.
| | - Jine Yi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha City, 410128, China; Hunan Co-innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha City, 410128, China.
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19
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Iurckevicz G, Dahmer D, Q Santos VA, Vetvicka V, M Barbosa-Dekker A, F H Dekker R, Maneck Malfatti CR, A da Cunha MA. Encapsulated Microparticles of (1→6)-β-d-Glucan Containing Extract of Baccharis dracunculifolia: Production and Characterization. Molecules 2019; 24:E2099. [PMID: 31163607 PMCID: PMC6600449 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24112099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
β-Glucans are biomacromolecules well known, among other biological activities, for their immunomodulatory potential. Similarly, extracts of Baccharis dracunculifolia also possess biological properties and are used in folk medicine for the treatment of inflammation, ulcers, and hepatic diseases. Microparticles containing (1→6)-β-d-glucan (lasiodiplodan) and B. dracunculifolia extract were produced and characterized. A 23 factorial design was employed to define the conditions of production of microparticles by atomization. Lasiodiplodan associated with maltodextrin and gum arabic was studied as a matrix material. Microparticles of 0.4 μm mean size and high phenolics content (3157.9 μg GAE/g) were obtained under the optimized conditions. The microparticle size ranged from 0.23 to 1.21 µm, and the mathematical model that best represented the release kinetics of the extract was the Korsmeyer-Peppas model. Diffusional exponent (n) values of 0.64 at pH 7.7 and 1.15 at pH 2.61 were found, indicating particles with a non-Fickian or anomalous transport system, and Super Case II transport, respectively. Thermal analysis indicated that the microparticles demonstrated high thermal stability. The X-ray diffraction analyses revealed an amorphous structure, and HPLC-DAD analysis showed microparticles rich in phenolic compounds: caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, and catechin. The microparticles obtained comprise a new biomaterial with biological potential for applications in different fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genice Iurckevicz
- Chemistry Department, Universidade Estadual do Centro Oeste, Rua Simeão Varela de Sá, 03, Vila Carli, CEP, Guarapuava, PR 85040-080, Brazil.
| | - Débora Dahmer
- Chemistry Department, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Via do Conhecimento, Km 1, CEP, Pato Branco, PR 85503-390, Brazil.
| | - Vidiany A Q Santos
- Chemistry Department, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Via do Conhecimento, Km 1, CEP, Pato Branco, PR 85503-390, Brazil.
| | - Vaclav Vetvicka
- Department of Pathology, University of Louisville, 511 S. Floyd St, Louisville, KY 40292, USA.
| | - Aneli M Barbosa-Dekker
- Chemistry Department, CCE, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, CEP, Londrina, PR 86057-970, Brazil.
| | - Robert F H Dekker
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Ambiental, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Câmpus Londrina, CEP, Londrina, PR 86036-370, Brazil.
| | - Carlos Ricardo Maneck Malfatti
- Chemistry Department, Universidade Estadual do Centro Oeste, Rua Simeão Varela de Sá, 03, Vila Carli, CEP, Guarapuava, PR 85040-080, Brazil.
| | - Mário A A da Cunha
- Chemistry Department, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Via do Conhecimento, Km 1, CEP, Pato Branco, PR 85503-390, Brazil.
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Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Leaf Oil from Cinnamomum subavenium In Vitro and In Vivo. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:1823149. [PMID: 30915347 PMCID: PMC6402240 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1823149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The study determined the chemical constituents and anti-inflammatory effects of leaf oil from Cinnamomum subavenium (CS-LO) that has been used in folk medicine to treat various symptoms including inflammation. The anti-inflammatory effects of the oil were evaluated by LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells and the Carr-induced hind mouse paw edema model, respectively. In vitro, nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β were significantly decreased by CS-LO, and the expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) protein was blocked as well. In in vivo, the malondialdehyde (MDA) and paw edema levels were decreased by CS-LO, and the same result came up on the NO and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-a) of serum at the 5th h after Carr injection. In addition, iNOS and COX-2 immunoreactive cells of the paw tissue were decreased significantly by CS-LO (200 mg/kg) in histological examination. The present findings indicated that CS-LO have anti-inflammatory properties, and the effects might be caused through inhibiting iNOS, COX-2, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 expression via affecting NF-κB pathway, which will provide a power scientific basis for CS-LO to be used as the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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Comparison among Activities and Isoflavonoids from Pueraria thunbergiana Aerial Parts and Root. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24050912. [PMID: 30841642 PMCID: PMC6429325 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24050912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Kudzu (Pueraria thunbergiana Benth.) has long been used as a food and medicine for many centuries. The root is the most commonly used portion of the plant, but the aerial parts are occasionally used as well. In this study, we investigated the constituent compounds and biological activities of the aerial parts, leaves, stems, and sprouts, and compared their constituents and activities with those of roots. Leaf extract showed a significantly higher TPC level at 59 ± 1.6 mg/g and lower free radical scavenging (FRS) values under 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), and NO inhibition at 437 ± 11, 121 ± 6.6 μg/mL and 107 ± 4.9 μg/mL, respectively, than those of sprout, stem, and root extract. Leaf extract also significantly suppressed lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated gene expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). The main components of leaf extract were found to be genistin and daidzin. This study suggests that the leaves of kudzu are a good source of biological activities and isoflavones that can be used in functional or medicinal foods and cosmetics for the prevention or treatment of diseases related to inflammation and oxidative stress.
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Topical Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Activities of Citrullus colocynthis Extract Cream in Rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 54:medicina54040051. [PMID: 30344282 PMCID: PMC6174340 DOI: 10.3390/medicina54040051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background and objectives:Citrullus colocynthis (CC), known as bitter apple, is used to treat diabetes in Iranian traditional medicine. The aim of this study is to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of CC cream in rats. Materials and Methods: The carrageenan-induced edema in a rat hind paw was carried out to evaluate the topical anti-inflammatory effect of the CC fruit extract cream (2–8%) and the tissue levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were estimated by using a commercial ELISA kit. The topical antinociceptive activity of CC cream (2–8%) was evaluated in the rat formalin test. To determine the role of opioid receptors in the local antinociceptive effect of the CC cream, naloxone (20 μg/paw, i.pl.), a non-selective opioid antagonist, was used. Results: The results showed that the CC cream (2–8%) dose-dependently reduced the carrageenan-induced paw edema and reversed the changes in the level of TNF-α and IL-6 due to carrageenan-induced edema (p < 0.01). The anti-inflammatory effect of CC cream 8% was comparable to that of hydrocortisone ointment 1%. Furthermore, the application of CC cream (2–8%) dose-dependently inhibited both first and second phases of the formalin test (p < 0.05). The antinociceptive effect of the CC cream (8%) was comparable to that of methyl salicylate cream 30%. Moreover, the administration of naloxone significantly reversed the topical antinociceptive effect of the CC cream (p < 0.05). Conclusions: For the first time, this study indicated that the topical application of CC cream possesses significant anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities in animal models, which were probably mediated by opioid receptors and the suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6). Thus, the CC cream can be used to treat inflammatory pain and inflammatory diseases.
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Chemical Composition and Antioxidant, Analgesic, and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Methanolic Extract of Euphorbia retusa in Mice. Pain Res Manag 2018; 2018:4838413. [PMID: 30073041 PMCID: PMC6057281 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4838413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Plants provide an alternative source to manage different human disorders due to various metabolites. The aim of this study is to investigate the phytochemical constituents of the methanolic extracts of Euphorbia retusa and to evaluate their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic activities. The phytochemical results obtained by HPLC and by chemical assay reactions have revealed the richness of the methanolic extract of E. retusa in active compounds, in particular polyphenols, flavonoids, and tannins. The methanolic extract shows significant antioxidant activities in vitro, in the DPPH and the FRAP assays. The antinociceptive activity was evaluated using acetic acid and hot-plate models of pain in mice. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by carrageenan-induced paw edema. Oral pretreatment with the methanolic extract of E. retusa (200 mg/kg) exhibited a significant inhibition of pain induced either by acetic acid or by the heating plate and in a manner comparable to the standard drug paracetamol. E. retusa significantly reduced paw edema starting from the 3rd hour after carrageenan administration by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, and GPx) in liver and paw tissues and decreasing the levels of MDA. These results may confirm the interesting potential of this plant as a treatment of various inflammatory and pain diseases.
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Saharan P, Sadh PK, Singh Duhan J. Comparative assessment of effect of fermentation on phenolics, flavanoids and free radical scavenging activity of commonly used cereals. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2017.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Shang X, Guo X, Yang F, Li B, Pan H, Miao X, Zhang J. The toxicity and the acaricidal mechanism against Psoroptes cuniculi of the methanol extract of Adonis coerulea Maxim. Vet Parasitol 2017; 240:17-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2017.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Noureen F, Khan MR, Shah NA, Khan RA, Naz K, Sattar S. Pistacia chinensis: Strong antioxidant and potent testicular toxicity amelioration agent. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2017; 10:380-389. [PMID: 28552108 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2017.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate in vitro and in vivo antioxidant potency of Pistacia chinensis (P. chinensis) bark and leaves extracts along with its protective role against CCl4 induced toxicity in testis of the rat. METHODS Various in vitro models such as DPPH, ABTS, hydrogen peroxide, superoxide, hydroxyl and nitric oxide scavenging activities, anti-lipid peroxidation activity, phospho-molybdenum activity, β carotene bleaching assay was used for analysis of antioxidant potential. Experimental groups for in vivo study were: Group Ⅰ (control) untreated, Group Ⅱ (Vehicle control), Group Ⅲ (1 mL/kg b.w 30% CCl4), Group Ⅳ (1 mL/kg b.w CCl4 + Silymarin), Group Ⅴ (200 mg/kg b.w PCBE + CCl4), Group Ⅵ (400 mg/kg b.w PCBE + CCl4) and Group Ⅶ (400 mg/kg b.w PCBE alone). RESULTS In vitro antioxidant assays displayed significant results and the highest activity was not specified to a specific extract. However, ethyl acetate extract of bark (PCBE) showed highest results in most of the antioxidant assays i.e. beta-carotene bleaching, hydroxyl radical scavenging, ABTS, lipid peroxidation and superoxide radical scavenging activity. On this base, this fraction was selected for in vivo antioxidant experiment. Testis tissues were analyzed to observe the protective effects of PCBE on antioxidant enzymes; catalase, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase and quinone reductase activities and glutathione (GSH) as well as nitrite content. Profile of plasma testosterone was also compared to various treatments. Observation suggests a protective role of P. chinensis against CCl4 induced toxicity. CONCLUSIONS It is concluded that some bioactive antioxidants of P. chinensis bark might be a good source to isolate the potent antioxidant components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Noureen
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rashid Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Naseer Ali Shah
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Kiran Naz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Saadia Sattar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Jin Z, Yang YZ, Chen JX, Tang YZ. Inhibition of pro-inflammatory mediators in RAW264.7 cells by 7-hydroxyflavone and 7,8-dihydroxyflavone. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 69:865-874. [PMID: 28295316 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Flavonoids are a class of compounds that having the benzo-γ-pyrone skeleton, which possess anti-inflammatory properties in vitro and in vivo. The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibition of two flavonoids 7-hydroxyflavone (HF) and 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (DHF) on the production of pro-inflammatory mediators in RAW264.7 cells activated by lipopolysaccharides (LPS). METHODS For this purpose, we selected four pro-inflammatory mediators including nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2 ), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) as markers to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of HF and DHF. KEY FINDINGS In this regard, we showed that HF and DHF dose-dependently reduced the production of NO, PGE2 , TNF-α and IL-6 through downregulating mRNA expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2), TNF-α and IL-6, respectively. Moreover, DHF generally possesses more efficient than HF in reducing these markers secretion in this study. CONCLUSIONS Consider together, these findings suggest that DHF and HF can inhibit LPS-induced inflammation via attenuating the production of NO, PGE2 , TNF-α and IL-6, indicating that they may be lead compounds for developing anti-inflammatory agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Jin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yao-Zhi Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Xin Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - You-Zhi Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Hanfer M, Cheriet T, Ameddah S, Mancini I, Seghiri R, Menad A, Benayache S, Benayache F. Iridoids and anti-inflammatory properties of n-butanol extract of Linaria tingitana Boiss. & Reut. Nat Prod Res 2017; 31:2008-2015. [PMID: 28076999 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2016.1272111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The analysis of the n-butanol extract of Linaria tingitana (BELT) by HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS allowed the identification of four iridoids structurally confirmed by NMR and ESI-MS/MS extensive experiments data. The subjection of BELT to the anti-inflammatory activity showed that it exhibited a concentration dependent stabilisation of HRBC membrane, inhibition of protein denaturation and nitric oxide scavenging effect in the in vitro process. These results were confirmed in the in vivo experiments which showed that BELT was found to be most pronounced at 200 mg/kg after carrageenan injection which significantly reduced the swelling in both early and late phases of carrageenan-evoked oedema, as well as a significant reduce at the accumulation of infiltrating cells, inhibition of the myeloperoxidase activity and suppressed the lipid peroxidation. These results were supported by the histological analysis which revealed the reduction of oedema and cells infiltration, this might be influenced by the synergistic action of the above isolated compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mourad Hanfer
- a Laboratoire de Biologie et Environnement, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie , Université des Frères Mentouri Constantine , Constantine , Algeria
| | - Thamere Cheriet
- b Unité de Valorisation des Ressources Naturelles, Molécules Bioactives et Analyse Physicochimiques et Biologiques (VARENBIOMOL) , Université des Frères Mentouri Constantine , Constantine , Algeria.,c Laboratorio di Chimica Bioorganica, Dipartimento di Fisica , Università di Trento , Povo- Trento , Italy
| | - Souad Ameddah
- a Laboratoire de Biologie et Environnement, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie , Université des Frères Mentouri Constantine , Constantine , Algeria
| | - Ines Mancini
- c Laboratorio di Chimica Bioorganica, Dipartimento di Fisica , Università di Trento , Povo- Trento , Italy
| | - Ramdane Seghiri
- b Unité de Valorisation des Ressources Naturelles, Molécules Bioactives et Analyse Physicochimiques et Biologiques (VARENBIOMOL) , Université des Frères Mentouri Constantine , Constantine , Algeria
| | - Ahmed Menad
- a Laboratoire de Biologie et Environnement, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie , Université des Frères Mentouri Constantine , Constantine , Algeria
| | - Samir Benayache
- b Unité de Valorisation des Ressources Naturelles, Molécules Bioactives et Analyse Physicochimiques et Biologiques (VARENBIOMOL) , Université des Frères Mentouri Constantine , Constantine , Algeria
| | - Fadila Benayache
- b Unité de Valorisation des Ressources Naturelles, Molécules Bioactives et Analyse Physicochimiques et Biologiques (VARENBIOMOL) , Université des Frères Mentouri Constantine , Constantine , Algeria
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Samoisy AK, Mahomoodally F. Ethnopharmacological appraisal of culturally important medicinal plants and polyherbal formulas used against communicable diseases in Rodrigues Island. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 194:803-818. [PMID: 27816659 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2016] [Revised: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The tropical island of Rodrigues is one of three islands that constitute the Mascarene archipelago in the Indian Ocean. Currently considered as a biodiversity hotspot, the island has also a resilient history in the use of traditional medicine. However, there has been no ethnopharmacological study to document quantitatively such traditional practice against communicable diseases (CD), which currently accounts for 6.61% annual death and 30.7% attendances in public hospitals. The aim of the present study was to collect, analyse, and document traditionally used medicinal plants (MP) and polyherbal formulas from key informants and traditional medicine practitioners (TMP) in Rodrigues to treat and/or manage common CD. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data was collected via face-to-face interviews with MP users (n=113) and TMP (n=9) from 17 key sites. Seven quantitative ethnopharmacological indices, namely family use value (FUV), use value (UV), informant agreement ratio (IAR), relative frequency of citation (RFC), fidelity level (FL), relative importance (RI), and ethnobotanicity index (EI) were calculated. RESULTS Ninety-seven plants belonging to 49 families were recorded to be in common use as monotherapy (80 plants) and/or as part of polyherbal preparation (23 plants) for the treatment and/or management of 16 different CD. Thirteen MPs were found to have a maximum FL of 100% for CD. The highest IAR (0.98) was observed for diseases of the eye and adnexa and skin and subcutaneous tissue. The highest FUV was for Arecaceae. Ayapana triplinervis (Vahl) R.M. king et H.Rob. scored the highest UV (UV=2.72). Seven endemic medicinal plants have been recorded to be employed in cultural rituals for the management of common CDs, whereas 14 polyherbal preparations were used to treat and/or manage 6 different types of CDs. Side effects were also reported following use of some these medicinal plants. CONCLUSION Given the dearth of updated information on traditional medicine from Rodrigues, this work has provided an opportunity to establish valuable primary information on the different MP used by the local people. Further research is needed to probe into the possible active constituents that could open new perspectives for further pharmacological research and hence be the basis of an evidence-based investigation to discover new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Kathie Samoisy
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, 230 Réduit, Mauritius
| | - Fawzi Mahomoodally
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, 230 Réduit, Mauritius.
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Hocayen PDAS, Grassiolli S, Leite NC, Pochapski MT, Pereira RA, da Silva LA, Snack AL, Michel RG, Kagimura FY, da Cunha MAA, Malfatti CRM. Baccharis dracunculifolia methanol extract enhances glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in pancreatic islets of monosodium glutamate induced-obesity model rats. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2016; 54:1263-1271. [PMID: 26194070 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2015.1067232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Obesity is the main risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Secondary metabolites with biological activities and pharmacological potential have been identified in species of the Baccharis genus that are specifically distributed in the Americas. OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the effects of methanol extracts from Baccharis dracunculifolia DC. Asteraceae on metabolic parameters, satiety, and growth in monosodium glutamate (MSG) induced-obesity model rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS MSG was administered to 32 newborn rats (4 mg/g of body weight) once daily for 5 consecutive days. Four experimental groups (control, control + extract, MSG, and MSG + extract) were treated for 30 consecutive days with 400 mg/kg of B. dracunculifolia extract by gavage. Biochemical parameters, antioxidant activity, total extract phenolic content (methanolic, ethanolic, and acetone extractions), and pancreatic islets were evaluated. RESULTS High levels of phenolic compounds were identified in B. dracunculifolia extracts (methanol: 46.2 ± 0.4 mg GAE/L; acetate: 70.5 ± 0.5 mg GAE/L; and ethanol: 30.3 ± 0.21 mg GAE/L); high antioxidant activity was detected in B. dracunculifolia ethanol and methanol extracts. The concentration of serum insulin increased 30% in obese animals treated with extract solutions (1.4-2.0 µU/mL, p < 0.05). Insulin secretion in pancreatic islets was 8.3 mM glucose (58%, p < 0.05) and 16.7 mM (99.5%, p < 0.05) in rats in the MSG + extract and MSG groups, respectively. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Treatment with B. dracunculifolia extracts protected pancreatic islets and prevented the irreversible cellular damage observed in animals in obesity and diabetes models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palloma de A S Hocayen
- a Department of General Biology , Ponta Grossa State University , Ponta Grossa , Paraná , Brazil
| | - Sabrina Grassiolli
- a Department of General Biology , Ponta Grossa State University , Ponta Grossa , Paraná , Brazil
| | - Nayara C Leite
- a Department of General Biology , Ponta Grossa State University , Ponta Grossa , Paraná , Brazil
| | - Márcia T Pochapski
- a Department of General Biology , Ponta Grossa State University , Ponta Grossa , Paraná , Brazil
| | - Ricardo A Pereira
- b Department of General Biology , Midwest State University of Paraná , Guarapuava , Paraná , Brazil , and
| | - Luiz A da Silva
- b Department of General Biology , Midwest State University of Paraná , Guarapuava , Paraná , Brazil , and
| | - Andre L Snack
- b Department of General Biology , Midwest State University of Paraná , Guarapuava , Paraná , Brazil , and
| | - R Garcia Michel
- b Department of General Biology , Midwest State University of Paraná , Guarapuava , Paraná , Brazil , and
| | - Francini Y Kagimura
- c Chemical Department , Federal Technological University of Paraná , Pato Branco , PR , Brazil
| | - Mário A A da Cunha
- c Chemical Department , Federal Technological University of Paraná , Pato Branco , PR , Brazil
| | - Carlos R M Malfatti
- b Department of General Biology , Midwest State University of Paraná , Guarapuava , Paraná , Brazil , and
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Xu W, Huang M, Zhang Y, Li H, Zheng H, Yu L, Chu K. Extracts of Bauhinia championii (Benth.) Benth. inhibit NF-<kappa>B-signaling in a rat model of collagen-induced arthritis and primary synovial cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 185:140-146. [PMID: 26988564 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 03/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Bauhinia championii (Benth.) Benth. is used in Chinese traditional medicine to treat arthritis, especially has been used a long time ago on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in She ethnic minority group. AIM OF THE RESEARCH To investigate the anti-RA effect of Bauhinia championii (Benth.) Benth ethyl acetate extract (BCBEE) and the molecular bases of it. MATERIALS AND METHODS BCBEE was studied on a rat model of RA induced by Ⅱcollagen in vivo, as well as on primary synovial cells in vitro. RESULTS After BCBEE treatment, in vivo, it was showed that paw and joint edema was inhibited, pathological joint changes was ameliorated and the levels of interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor-<alpha>(TNF-α) was decreased significantly. The protein and mRNA expressions of nuclear factor-<kappa>B (NF-κB)(p65), IκB, p-IκB and IκB kinase beta (IκKβ) were also down-regulated. Moreover, the in vitro study revealed that BCBEE treatment inhibited primary synovial cells proliferation, and promoted down-regulation of NF-κB(p65), IκB, p-IκB and IκKβ. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, the present study demonstrates that BCBEE produces a protection in a rat model of RA induced by Ⅱcollagen via inhibiting paw and joint edema, ameliorating pathological joint changes and regulating the levels of cytokines and its action mechanism maybe is via down-regulating NF-κB(p65), IκB, p-IκB and IκKβ expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- Pharmacy College of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Minhou Shangjie, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
| | - Mingqing Huang
- Pharmacy College of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Minhou Shangjie, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yuqin Zhang
- Pharmacy College of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Minhou Shangjie, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Huang Li
- Pharmacy College of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Minhou Shangjie, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Haiyin Zheng
- Integrative Medicine College of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Minhou Shangjie, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Lishuang Yu
- Pharmacy College of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Minhou Shangjie, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Kedan Chu
- Pharmacy College of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Minhou Shangjie, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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Wei W, Xiao HT, Bao WR, Ma DL, Leung CH, Han XQ, Ko CH, Lau CBS, Wong CK, Fung KP, Leung PC, Bian ZX, Han QB. TLR-4 may mediate signaling pathways of Astragalus polysaccharide RAP induced cytokine expression of RAW264.7 cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 179:243-252. [PMID: 26743224 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.12.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Revised: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Polysaccharides of Radix Astragali (Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch) Bge.; Huangqi) are able to induce cytokine production of macrophages and are considered the main active ingredient for the immune-enhancing effect of this commonly used medicinal herb. AIM OF STUDY To investigate the molecular mechanism of immunomodulating activities of a reported Astragalus polysaccharide, RAP, which is a hyperbranched heteroglycan with average molecular weight of 1334kDa. MATERIALS AND METHODS The cytokine production of RAW264.7 cells were analyzed by using ELISA assays while cell viability was assessed by MTT method. Western blot analysis was used for determining protein contents of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). In addition, the level of IL-6, iNOS, and TNF-α mRNA was determined by RT-PCR. RESULTS It has been found that RAP itself did not have any cytotoxic effect on mouse mammary carcinoma 4T1 cells, but it significantly enhanced cytotoxicity of the supernatant of RAW264.7cells on 4T1 cells. Furthermore, RAP enhanced the production of NO and cytokines in RAW264.7 cells, and significantly up-regulated gene expressions of TNF-α, IL-6, iNOS. All these bioactivities were blocked by the inhibitor of TLR4 (Toll-like receptor 4), suggesting that TLR4 is a receptor of RAP and mediates its immunomodulating activity. Further analyses demonstrated that RAP rapidly activated TLR4-related MAPKs, including phosphorylated ERK, phosphorylated JNK, and phosphorylated p38, and induced translocation of NF-κB as well as degradation of IκB-α. These results are helpful to better understand the immunomodulating effects of Radix Astragali. CONCLUSIONS RAP may induce cytokine production of RAW264.7 cells through TLR4-mediated activation of MAPKs and NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wei
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hai-Tao Xiao
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wan-Rong Bao
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dik-Lung Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chung-Hang Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Han
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chun-Hay Ko
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Clara Bik-San Lau
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chun-Kwok Wong
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kwok-Pui Fung
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ping-Chung Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhao-Xiang Bian
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Quan-Bin Han
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China.
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Samoisy AK, Mahomoodally MF. Ethnopharmacological analysis of medicinal plants used against non-communicable diseases in Rodrigues Island, Indian Ocean. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 173:20-38. [PMID: 26133061 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 06/14/2015] [Accepted: 06/20/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Rodrigues is an autonomous outer island that form part of the Republic of Mauritius and one of three islands that constitute the Mascarene archipelago in the Indian Ocean. Though herbal medicine is in common use in Rodrigues, there has been no ethnopharmacological study to document quantitatively such traditional practise particularly against non-communicable diseases (NCD) which is currently a growing major health issue on the island. The aim of the present study was to collect, analyse and document traditionally used medicinal plants (MP) from key informants and traditional medicine practitioners (TMP) in the tropical island of Rodrigues to treat and/or manage common NCD. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data was collected via face-to-face interviews with MP users (n=113) and TMP (n=9). Seven quantitative ethnopharmacological indices, namely family use value (FUV), use value (UV), informant agreement ratio (IAR), relative frequency of citation (RFC), fidelity level (FL), relative importance (RI) and ethnobotanicity index (EI) were calculated. RESULTS Hundred and three plants belonging to 55 families were recorded for the treatment and/or management of 27 different NCD. Three of the MP (Terminalia bentzoë (L.) L.F, Sarcostemma cf. adontolepis Balf.f. and Clerodendrum laciniatum Balf.f.) recorded are endemic to Rodrigues and 2 (Carissa xylopicron Thouars., Phyllanthus casticum Willemet f.) endemic to the Mascarene Islands. The most solicited MP family was Asteraceae with a total of 8 species. Citrus aurantifolia (Christm.) Swingle scored the highest RFC (RFC=1.02) value. Ten plants were found to score 100% FL and the highest IAR (0.98) was observed for the disease category of certain conditions originating in the perinatal period. Arecaceae scored the highest FUV value and Ayapana triplinervis (Vahl) R.M. King et H.Rob highest UV (UV= 2.72). CONCLUSION Given the dearth of updated information on traditional medicine of Rodrigues, this study can provide an opportunity to establish valuable primary information on the different MP used by the local people and hence can open new perspectives for further pharmacological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Kathie Samoisy
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, 230 Réduit, Mauritius
| | - M Fawzi Mahomoodally
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, 230 Réduit, Mauritius.
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Chien TM, Hsieh PC, Huang SS, Deng JS, Ho YL, Chang YS, Huang GJ. Acanthopanax trifoliatus inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response in vitro and in vivo. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2015; 31:499-509. [PMID: 26520688 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjms.2015.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Revised: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acanthopanax trifoliatus is a well-known herb that is used for the treatment of bruising, neuralgia, impotence, and gout in Taiwan. This herb exhibits multifunctional activities, including anticancer, anti-inflammation, and antioxidant effects. This paper investigated the in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory effect of A. trifoliatus. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis established the fingerprint chromatogram of the ethyl acetate fraction of A. trifoliatus (EAAT). The anti-inflammatory effect of EAAT was detected using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation of the mouse macrophage cell line RAW264.7 in vitro and LPS-induced lung injury in vivo. The effects of EAAT on LPS-induced production of inflammatory mediators in RAW264.7 murine macrophages and the mouse model were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot. EAAT attenuated the production of LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and IL-6 in vitro and in vivo. Pretreatment with EAAT markedly reduced LPS-induced histological alterations in lung tissues. Furthermore, EAAT significantly reduced the number of total cells and protein concentration levels in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Western blotting test results revealed that EAAT blocked protein expression of inducible NO synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, phosphorylation of Nuclear factor-kappa-B Inhibitor alpha (IκB-α) protein, and mitogen-activated protein kinases in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells as well as LPS-induced lung injury. This study suggests that A. trifoliatus may be a potential therapeutic candidate for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Mei Chien
- School of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chow Hsieh
- School of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shyh-Shyun Huang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Shyan Deng
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ling Ho
- Department of Nursing, Hungkuang University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Shiun Chang
- School of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Chinese Crude Drug Pharmacy, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Jhong Huang
- School of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Gelsolin in Acetic Acid Induced Writhing, Tail Immersion and Carrageenan Induced Paw Edema in Mice. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0135558. [PMID: 26426535 PMCID: PMC4537109 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasma gelsolin levels significantly decline in several disease conditions, since gelsolin gets scavenged when it depolymerizes and caps filamentous actin released in the circulation following tissue injury. It is well established that our body require/implement inflammatory and analgesic responses to protect against cell damage and injury to the tissue. This study was envisaged to examine analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of exogenous gelsolin (8 mg/mouse) in mice models of pain and acute inflammation. Administration of gelsolin in acetic acid-induced writhing and tail immersion tests not only demonstrated a significant reduction in the number of acetic acid-induced writhing effects, but also exhibited an analgesic activity in tail immersion test in mice as compared to placebo treated mice. Additionally, anti-inflammatory function of gelsolin (8 mg/mouse) compared with anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac sodium (10 mg/kg)] was confirmed in the carrageenan injection induced paw edema where latter was measured by vernier caliper and fluorescent tomography imaging. Interestingly, results showed that plasma gelsolin was capable of reducing severity of inflammation in mice comparable to diclofenac sodium. Analysis of cytokines and histo-pathological examinations of tissue revealed administration of gelsolin and diclofenac sodium significantly reduced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-α and IL-6. Additionally, carrageenan groups pretreated with diclofenac sodium or gelsolin showed a marked decrease in edema and infiltration of inflammatory cells in paw tissue. Our study provides evidence that administration of gelsolin can effectively reduce the pain and inflammation in mice model.
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Liu CY, Chiu YJ, Kuo CL, Chien TM, Wu LY, Peng WH. Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Activities of the Ethanol Extract ofTaxillus tsaiiChiu in Mice. Drug Dev Res 2015; 76:176-84. [DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Yu Liu
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Pharmacy; China Medical University; No. 91, Hsueh-Shih Road Taichung 404 Taiwan R.O.C
- Department of Nursing, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management; No. 79-9, Sha-Luen-Hu, Xi Zhou Li, Hou-Loung Town Miaoli County 35664 Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Yung-Jia Chiu
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Pharmacy; China Medical University; No. 91, Hsueh-Shih Road Taichung 404 Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Chao-Lin Kuo
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Pharmacy; China Medical University; No. 91, Hsueh-Shih Road Taichung 404 Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Tzu-Mei Chien
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Pharmacy; China Medical University; No. 91, Hsueh-Shih Road Taichung 404 Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Lung-Yuan Wu
- School of Chinese Medicine for Post Baccalaureate; I-Shou university; No.1, Sec. 1, Syuecheng Rd., Dashu District Kaohsiung City 84001 Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Wen-Huang Peng
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Pharmacy; China Medical University; No. 91, Hsueh-Shih Road Taichung 404 Taiwan R.O.C
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Yang IJ, Lee DU, Shin HM. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of coumarins isolated fromFoeniculum vulgarein lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-stimulated mice. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2015; 37:308-17. [DOI: 10.3109/08923973.2015.1038751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Shalini V, Jayalekshmi A, Helen A. Mechanism of anti-inflammatory effect of tricin, a flavonoid isolated from Njavara rice bran in LPS induced hPBMCs and carrageenan induced rats. Mol Immunol 2015; 66:229-39. [PMID: 25839778 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2015.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Revised: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Njavara is an indigenous medicinal rice variety traditionally used in Ayurvedic system of medicine practiced in Kerala, India. Tricin is a bioflavonoid present in significantly higher levels in rice bran of Njavara. Present study attempted to identify the molecular target of tricin in TLR mediated signaling pathways by using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) and carrageenan induced paw edema in rats as experimental models. Tricin acted upstream in the activation of inflammation cascade by interfering with TLR4 activation, preferably by blocking the LPS induced activation of TLR4, MYD88 and TRIF proteins in hPBMCs. Subsequently, tricin significantly blocked the activation of downstream kinases like p38MAPK, JNK1/2 and IRF3. Thus the inhibitory effect of tricin on NF-κB and IRF3 together confirms the specific inhibition of both MYD88 dependent and TRIF dependent pathways. Tricin treatment also inhibited the pro-inflammatory effect of LPS by blocking the TLR4 signaling mediated activation of cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2), which is confirmed by specific inhibition of COX-2. Results demonstrated that in addition to NF-κB, tricin can prevent the activation of STAT proteins by significantly inhibiting the activation of both STAT1 and STAT3 via the down regulation of upstream phosphorylating enzymes like JAK1 and JAK2. The protective anti-inflammatory effect of tricin was also confirmed by in vivo experiments. Thus, this study provides strong evidence that tricin exerts its anti-inflammatory effect via a mechanism involving the TLR4/NF-κB/STAT signaling cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Shalini
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala Kariavattom Campus, Thiruvananthpuram, Kerala 695581, India.
| | - Ananthasankaran Jayalekshmi
- Chemical Sciences & Technology Division, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), CSIR, Industrial Estate P.O., Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695019, India.
| | - A Helen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala Kariavattom Campus, Thiruvananthpuram, Kerala 695581, India.
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Kumar RS, Rajkapoor B, Perumal P. Antioxidant activities of Indigofera cassioides Rottl. Ex. DC. using various in vitro assay models. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2015; 2:256-61. [PMID: 23569910 DOI: 10.1016/s2221-1691(12)60019-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2011] [Revised: 11/05/2011] [Accepted: 11/28/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the antioxidant potential of methanolic leaf extract of Indigofera cassioides (MEIC) using various in vitro antioxidant assay systems. METHODS Antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity of MEIC was assayed by using different in vitro models like ABTS, DPPH, nitric oxide, superoxide, hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radical. Reductive ability of the extract was tested by the complex formation with potassium ferricyanide. Further total phenol and flavonoid contents of the crude extract were also determined. Rutin and ascorbic acid were used as standards. RESULTS MEIC exhibited potent and concentration dependent free radical scavenging activity in all the tested models. Reductive ability was also found to increase with increase in MEIC concentration. Total phenol and flavonoid content determination showed that the extract is rich in phenols and flavonoids. CONCLUSIONS All the results of the in vitro antioxidant assays reveal potent antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity of the leaves of Indigofera cassioides, equivalent to that of standard ascorbic acid and rutin. This potent antioxidant activity may be attributed to its high phenolic and flavonoid contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Senthil Kumar
- Natural Products Laboratory, Swamy Vivekanandha College of Pharmacy, Tiruchengodu, Tamilnadu, India
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Anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiparkinsonian effects of adenosine A 2A receptor antagonists. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2015; 132:71-78. [PMID: 25735490 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2015.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2014] [Revised: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to examine derivatives of annelated xanthines (imidazo-, pyrimido-, and diazepino-purinediones) for potential anti-inflammatory effects in carrageenan-induced paw edema in mice. Additionally, their antioxidant activity using the FRAP (ferric-reducing ability of plasma) assay and lipid peroxidation in rat brain homogenate were analyzed. All the studied derivatives showed affinity for adenosine A2A receptor. The preliminary assays found that five (KD-114, KD-57, KD-129, KD-50, and KD-358) pyrimidopurinedione derivatives, administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) at a dose of 100mg/kg, had stronger anti-inflammatory effects. At a concentration of 10-5M, three of the derivatives KD-57, KD-114, and KD-129 most influenced the total antioxidant ability. The most efficient anti-inflammatory compound, KD-114, also showed the strongest binding to A2A receptors and when administered at a dose of 5mg/kg (i.p.), effectively reversed haloperidol-induced catalepsy and significantly increased the striatal extracellular dopamine level in the rat striatum. This effect was weaker than the one produced by CSC (1mg/kg i.p.), and only slightly weaker than that produced by ZM 241385 (3mg/kg i.p.) used as reference drugs. From the results of the present studies, it may be concluded that anti-inflammatory and antiparkinsonian effects of the examined compounds correlate with their influence on adenosine A2A receptors, the most probable antagonism to these subtype receptors.
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Begum R, Sharma M, Pillai KK, Aeri V, Sheliya MA. Inhibitory effect of Careya arborea on inflammatory biomarkers in carrageenan-induced inflammation. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2014; 53:437-45. [PMID: 25471295 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2014.923005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Careya arborea Roxb. (Lecythidaceae) has multiple applications in traditional medicine; it exhibits analgesic, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiulcer, and protective effects. However, the effect of C. arborea on biochemical and immmunological inflammatory mediators has not been explored. OBJECTIVE The present study investigates the anti-inflammatory potential of the methanol extract of C. arborea stem bark and further assesses its possible mechanism on the modulation of inflammatory biomarkers. MATERIALS AND METHODS Anti-inflammatory activity of C. arborea methanol extract (CAME) was evaluated (100 and 200 mg/kg, p.o) using indomethacin (10 mg/kg, p.o) as the standard drug in Wistar albino rats. Inflammation was induced by injecting 0.1 ml carrageenan (1% w/v) into the left hind paw. The anti-inflammatory mechanism was studied by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA), C-reactive protein (CRP), nitric oxide (NO), myeloperoxidase (MPO), TNF-α, and IL-1β levels in both control and treated groups. A protocol has also been established to quantify quercetin and betulinic acid content in CAME using HPTLC fingerprint. RESULTS Careya arborea significantly (p < 0.001) decreased carrageenan-induced paw edema, showed a reduction of 48.87 and 65.53% at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg, respectively. Moreover, CAME significantly decreased the MDA, CRP, NO, and MPO levels, elevated by carrageenan induced inflammation. CAME also markedly down-regulated serum TNF-α and IL-1β levels. These findings were further supported by the histological study. The content of quercetin and betulinic acid in CAME was found to be 0.177 and 3.14%, respectively. CONCLUSION Several mechanisms, including the inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines, enzymes and mediators release, appear to account for the anti-inflammatory potential of C. arborea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayhana Begum
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University , New Delhi , India and
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Ginsenoside-Rd exhibits anti-inflammatory activities through elevation of antioxidant enzyme activities and inhibition of JNK and ERK activation in vivo. Int Immunopharmacol 2014; 17:1094-100. [PMID: 24455777 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2013.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Our previous study has reported that ginsenoside-Rd significantly inhibited the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediators in carrageenan (Carr)-induced rat paw edema, which might be due to its blocking of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway. The aim of the present study was to clarify the more detailed mechanisms of anti-inflammatory activity of ginsenoside-Rd in Carr-induced rat paw edema model. Rats were pretreated with dexamethasone or ginsenoside-Rd 1 h before the Carr injection. Six hours after Carr injection, the malondialdehyde (MDA) level and myeloperoxidase (MPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) activities in inflamed paw tissues were determined. The levels of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in serum were measured. The expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and NF-κB were detected by western blot. In addition, the extent of phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK), p38 and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) was analyzed by western blot. The results showed that ginsenoside-Rd significantly attenuated MPO activity and MDA level, increased the activities of SOD, GPx and CAT, lowered the levels of NO and PGE2, down-regulated the expressions of iNOS, COX-2 and NF-κB, and suppressed the phosphorylation of ERK and JNK. Taken together, the possible mechanisms of anti-inflammatory activity of ginsenoside-Rd were: it could reduce the inflammatory cell infiltration into inflammatory sites, inhibit the tissue lipid peroxidation, increase the antioxidant enzyme activities, and suppress the proinflammatory enzyme expressions through the downregulation of NF-κB activation via suppression of ERK and JNK phosphorylation.
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Ahn M, Park JS, Chae S, Kim S, Moon C, Hyun JW, Shin T. Hepatoprotective effects of Lycium chinense Miller fruit and its constituent betaine in CCl4-induced hepatic damage in rats. Acta Histochem 2014; 116:1104-12. [PMID: 24998029 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2014.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2014] [Revised: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The hepatoprotective activities of Lycium chinense Miller (LC) fruit extract and its component betaine were investigated under carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. The treatment of LC fruit extract significantly suppressed the increase of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in the sera of CCl4 injured rats, and restored the decreased levels of anti-oxidant enzymes such as total antioxidant capacity (TAC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and suppressed the expression of inflammatory mediators including inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and -2. To visualize the potential activity of betaine, a component of LC fruit, betaine was substituted for LC extract in CCl4 injured rats. The biochemical profile in CCl4 injured rats co-treated with betaine matched those of LC fruit treated CCl4 injured rats. The ameliorative effects of LC extract, as well as betaine, were also confirmed by histopathological examination. Collectively, the present findings imply that LC fruit, via its component betaine, mitigate CCl4-induced hepatic injury by increasing antioxidative activity and decreasing inflammatory mediators including iNOS and COX-1/COX-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meejung Ahn
- School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea.
| | | | - Sungwook Chae
- Aging Research Laboratory, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 305-811, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungjoon Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Changjong Moon
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Won Hyun
- School of Medicine and Institute for Nuclear Science and Technology, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Taekyun Shin
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea.
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Zygmunt M, Chłoń-Rzepa G, Sapa J. Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of 7-substituted purine-2,6-diones. Pharmacol Rep 2014; 66:996-1002. [PMID: 25443727 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2014.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Revised: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In an effort to develop new analgesic and anti-inflammatory agents, we determined a series of 7-substituted purine-2,6-diones. METHODS The obtained compounds (1-6) were evaluated pharmacologically in four in vivo models: the writhing syndrome, the formalin tests, the carrageenan-induced edema model and the zymosan-induced peritonitis. The influence of the investigated compounds on the phosphodiesterase (PDE) and PDE4B activity was also determined. In addition, determination of the antioxidant activity was determined by the FRAP assay. RESULTS A majority of the tested compounds showed a significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity. The strongest analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect was observed for 1 and 2. The active compound 1 was more efficient than theophylline in inhibiting the PDE and more efficient than rolipram in inhibiting the PDE4B activity. The tested compounds did not show significant antioxidant properties. CONCLUSION Active compounds (1-6) inhibited the PDE activity, while compound 1 significantly inhibited the PDE4B activity, what may suggest that this mechanism may be involved in their analgesic/anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Zygmunt
- Department of Pharmacological Screening, Chair of Pharmacodynamics, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Grażyna Chłoń-Rzepa
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jacek Sapa
- Department of Pharmacological Screening, Chair of Pharmacodynamics, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Kraków, Poland
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Mahomoodally MF, Sreekeesoon DP. A quantitative ethnopharmacological documentation of natural pharmacological agents used by pediatric patients in Mauritius. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:136757. [PMID: 24949418 PMCID: PMC4052514 DOI: 10.1155/2014/136757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The pediatric population constitutes the most vulnerable patients due to a dearth of approved drugs. Consequently, there is a pressing need to probe novel natural pharmacological agents in an endeavour to develop new drugs to address pediatric illnesses. To date, no studies have explored the use of natural therapies for pediatric health care in Mauritius. Parents (n = 325) from different regions of the island were interviewed. Quantitative indexes such as fidelity level (FL), informant consensus factor (F IC), and use-value (UV) were calculated. Thirty-two plants were reported to be used by pediatric patients. Gastrointestinal disorders (F IC = 0.97) encompassing regurgitation, infantile colic, and stomach aches were the most common ailments managed with herbs. Matricaria chamomilla used for infantile colic and its pharmacological properties has previously been documented for pediatric patients. Product from A. mellifera (UV = 0.75) was the most utilized zootherapy for managing cough. Most plants and animal products reported in this study have bioactive constituents supported by existing scientific literature but their use for the pediatric population is scant. The present ethnopharmacological study has opened new perspectives for further research into their pharmacology, which can subsequently support and facilitate timely pediatric medicinal product development.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Fawzi Mahomoodally
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, 230 Réduit, Mauritius
| | - D. Priyamka Sreekeesoon
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, 230 Réduit, Mauritius
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Kao YY, Chuang TF, Chao SH, Yang JH, Lin YC, Huang HY. Evaluation of the antioxidant and melanogenesis inhibitory properties of pracparatum mungo (lu-do huang). J Tradit Complement Med 2014; 3:163-70. [PMID: 24716173 PMCID: PMC3924993 DOI: 10.4103/2225-4110.113443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Pracparatum mungo (Lu-Do Huang) is a traditional Chinese functional medicine made from the natural fermentation of mung bean (Lǜ Dòu) mixed with other Chinese medicines. It has been recognized as having liver protecting and detoxifying effects. As mung beans have been verified to possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antipyretic, and whitening actions, the present research utilized the in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo experimental models to investigate the antioxidant and melanin inhibiting effects of P. mungo on the skin. The in vitro experiment revealed that P. mungo methanol extract (PMME) and P. mungo ethanol extract (PMEE) possess the capacity to clear α,α-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals and inhibit tyrosinase activity. The ex vivo experiment indicated that PMEE can promote the growth of MDCK cells and increase the enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase in MDCK cells. On the other hand, PMME and PMEE can suppress the proliferation of A375 cells, and PMEE can reduce the enzymatic activities of SOD and catalase in A375 cells. The in vivo results showed that P. mungo can enhance the enzymatic performance of SOD, Catalase, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the liver. The results also showed that P. mungo has antioxidant characteristics and can inhibit tyrosinase activity, thereby promoting the growth of skin tissues and suppressing the proliferation of A375 cells, and thus enhancing the effects that the antioxidant enzymatic performance has on the liver. These results can be applied in the development of tyrosinase inhibitors or antioxidants used for the inhibition of melanin biosynthesis or for auto-oxidation in further industrial applications, particularly those relating to functional food or cosmetic compositions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Yu Kao
- Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Nutraceutical Biotechnology, Shih Chien University, Campus No. 70 Ta Chih Street, Chung Shan District, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tien-Fu Chuang
- Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Nutraceutical Biotechnology, Shih Chien University, Campus No. 70 Ta Chih Street, Chung Shan District, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shiou-Huei Chao
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming University, 155, Sec. 2, Li Nong Street, Pei Tou, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Jo-Hsuan Yang
- Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Nutraceutical Biotechnology, Shih Chien University, Campus No. 70 Ta Chih Street, Chung Shan District, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chuan Lin
- Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Nutraceutical Biotechnology, Shih Chien University, Campus No. 70 Ta Chih Street, Chung Shan District, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Yu Huang
- Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Nutraceutical Biotechnology, Shih Chien University, Campus No. 70 Ta Chih Street, Chung Shan District, Taipei, Taiwan
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Cheng HL, Zhang LJ, Liang YH, Hsu YW, Lee IJ, Liaw CC, Hwang SY, Kuo YH. Antiinflammatory and Antioxidant Flavonoids and Phenols from Cardiospermum halicacabum ( Dào Dì Líng). J Tradit Complement Med 2014; 3:33-40. [PMID: 24716153 PMCID: PMC3924979 DOI: 10.4103/2225-4110.106541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Seventeen compounds, quercetin-3-O-α-l-rhamnoside (1), kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnoside (2), apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide (3), apigenin 7-O-β-D-glucuronide methyl ester (4), apigenin 7-O-β-D-glucuronide ethyl ester (5), chrysoeriol (6), apigenin (7), kaempferol (8), luteolin (9), quercetin (10), methyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate (11), p-coumaric acid (12), 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (13), hydroquinone (14), protocathehuic acid (15), gallic acid (16), and indole-3-carboxylic acid (17), were isolated from the ethanol extract of Taiwanese Cardiospermum halicabum. All chemical structures were determined by physical and extensive spectroscopic analyses such as 1 H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (NMR), 13C NMR, 1H-1H Correlation spectroscopy (1H-1H COSY), Heteronuclear Multiple Quantum Coherence spectroscopy (HMQC), Heteronuclear Multiple-bond Correlation spectroscopy (HMBC), and Nuclear Overhauser Effect spectroscopy (NOESY), as well as comparison with literature values. Furthermore, the High-Performance Liquid Chromatography- Photodiode Array Detector (HPLC-DAD) fingerprint profile was established for the determination of major constituents in the EtOAc extract and retention times of the isolated compounds. All isolated compounds were also evaluated for antiinflammatory and antioxidant activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ling Cheng
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Jie Zhang
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Han Liang
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Wen Hsu
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Jung Lee
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Syh-Yuan Hwang
- Endemic Species Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Nantou, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Haur Kuo
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan. ; The Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Amari NO, Bouzouina M, Berkani A, Lotmani B. Phytochemical screening and antioxidant capacity of the aerial parts of Thymelaea hirsuta L. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF TROPICAL DISEASE 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s2222-1808(14)60324-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Cai H, Xie Z, Liu G, Sun X, Peng G, Lin B, Liao Q. Isolation, identification and activities of natural antioxidants from Callicarpa kwangtungensis Chun. PLoS One 2014; 9:e93000. [PMID: 24667350 PMCID: PMC3965524 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species leads to some diseases associated with oxidative stress. Callicarpa kwangtungensis Chun (CK) is a common remedy in traditional Chinese medicine and possesses diverse biological activities involving antioxidant properties; its main compounds phenylethanoid glycosides (PG) and flavonoids are always reported as antioxidants. In order to develop CK as a safe and activated antioxidant, our investigation was performed to validate antioxidant properties and assess which types of compounds (similar polarity or similar structure), even which compounds, played the role of antioxidants. The extracted compounds of CK were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by HPLC-DAD-ESI-Trap MS and UV for their contents and antioxidant activities. The correlations between antioxidant activities and known contents were respectively counted and a semi-quantitative experiment was designed to screen antioxidant compounds of CK with HPLC-UV. The n-butanol fraction (BF) showed the highest total phenolic and flavonoid contents (TPC, TFC), and three PG (forsythiaside B, poliumoside and acteoside) contents. BF showed the significantly best (P<0.05) activities in most assays. There were significant correlations (P<0.05) between DPPH•, ABTS(+)•, •O2(-) scavenging, Cu(2+)-chelating, anti-lipidperoxidation activities and TPC. BF also has significant antioxidant activities on CCl4-induced acute liver injury Mice and TBHP-reduced HepG2 cells. Nine PG (forsythiaside B, poliumoside, acteoside, alyssonoside, brandioside and their derivatives) and one flavone (rhamnazin) were screened out as antioxidants. BF in CK contained abundant polyphenolic, which reflected some definite antioxidant properties. The antioxidant compounds consisted at the least of nine PG and one flavone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Cai
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyong Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guanghui Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiuman Sun
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guangtian Peng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baoqin Lin
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiongfeng Liao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Mootoosamy A, Fawzi Mahomoodally M. Ethnomedicinal application of native remedies used against diabetes and related complications in Mauritius. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 151:413-444. [PMID: 24231070 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.10.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Revised: 10/27/2013] [Accepted: 10/27/2013] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Notoriously, the tropical island of Mauritius has one of the highest prevalence of diabetes worldwide and the economic burden associated with it is alarming. The use of native remedies (NRs) is well anchored in the local culture and it continues to be the cornerstone of therapy for diabetic patients. However, there is currently a dearth of updated primary data on NRs used by Mauritians against diabetes and diabetes related complications (DRCs). This study was therefore designed to record, analyze and document orally transmitted ethnopharmacological knowledge from diabetic patients and traditional medicine practitioners (TMPs) in Mauritius concerning NRs commonly used against diabetes and DRCs which might open new avenues to initiate novel antidiabetic drugs discovery. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data was collected following interviews from diabetic patients (n=328) and TMPs (n=20). Eleven quantitative indexes, namely informant consensus factor (FIC), fidelity level (FL), use value (UV), relative frequency of citation (RFC), relative importance (RI), cultural importance index (CII), index of agreement on remedies (IAR), cultural agreement index (CAI), quality use value (QUV), quality use agreement value (QUAV) and ethnobotanicity index (EI) were calculated. Statistical analysis such as Pearson correlation and Chi-squared test were performed to determine any association. RESULTS A total of 111 plant species distributed over 56 families, 30 polyherbal formulations and 16 animal species were documented to be traditionally used against diabetes and DRCs. For the first time 8 endemic plants have been recorded to be used against diabetes and DRCs from Mauritius. The most encountered medicinal plant family was Asteraceae. According to the EI, 16.2% of the native plants in Mauritius were used against diabetes and DRCs. As far as we know, Vangueria madagascariensis, Apium graveolens, Petroselinum crispum and Rubus alceifolius with high RFC values are recorded against diabetes and DRCs for the first time. Sociodemographic characteristics (age, gender, income, religious belief, education and residence) were found to significantly (p<0.05) influence the use of NRs. The average FIC for all ailments for plant and animal products were 0.94 and 0.87 respectively. Bryophyllum pinnatum, a native plant to Mauritius scored a high FL value (100%) used against diabetic neuropathy, Allium sativum had the highest RI value (2.00) due to its versatility, Aloe vera had the highest RFC (0.61), the CII (0.640) and the highest CAI value (0.635), Psidium guajava had the highest QUAV (0.961) which indicates its high bioactivity and Allium cepa was reported as the most effective plant species (QUV=0.965). According to UV, the most important species was Morinda citrifolia (1.21). Panoply of animal products were reported whereby fish (39.7%) was recorded as the most utilised zootherapy and Salmo salar scored the highest FL (100%) for diabetes. Some animal species (n=14) not previously documented against diabetes and DRCs are reported in the present study. CONCLUSION Our present investigation revealed that the use of NRs constitutes the common legacy of Mauritians and despite the penetration of allopathic medicine; NRs continue to play a crucial role in the primary health care system of Mauritius. To this effect, it is of uttermost importance to record this knowledge before it disappears. In addition, further experimental investigations are required to elucidate the pharmacological properties of the reported medicinal flora and fauna of Mauritius.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anushka Mootoosamy
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, Reduit 230, Mauritius
| | - M Fawzi Mahomoodally
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, Reduit 230, Mauritius.
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