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Ni YL, Shen HT, Ng YY, Chen SP, Lee SS, Tseng CC, Ho YC, Kuan YH. Hibifolin protected pro-inflammatory response and oxidative stress in LPS-induced acute lung injury through antioxidative enzymes and the AMPK2/Nrf-2 pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:3799-3807. [PMID: 38511873 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
ALI is a grave medical ailment that manifests as abrupt inflammation of the lungs and diminished oxygen levels. It poses a considerable challenge to the medical fraternity, with elevated rates of morbidity and mortality. Our research endeavors to investigate the potential of hibifolin, a flavonoid glucuronide, imbued with potent antioxidant properties, and its molecular mechanism to combat LPS-induced ALI in mice. The study utilized ICR mice to create an ALI model induced by LPS. Prior to LPS administration, hibifolin was given at 10, 30, or 50 mg/kg, or dexamethasone was given at 1 mg/kg to assess its preventative impact. Changes in lung tissue, pulmonary edema, and lipid peroxidation were analyzed using H&E stain assay, lung wet/dry ratio assay, and MDA formation assay, respectively. Activity assay kits were used to measure MPO activity and antioxidative enzymes (SOD, CAT, GPx) activity in the lungs. Western blot assay was used to determine the phosphorylation of Nrf-2 and AMPK2 in the lungs. Hibifolin demonstrated a concentration-dependent improvement in LPS-induced histopathologic pulmonary changes. This treatment notably mitigated pulmonary edema, lipid peroxidation, and MPO activity in ALI mice. Additionally, hibifolin successfully restored antioxidative enzyme activity in the lungs of ALI mice. Moreover, hibifolin effectively promoted Nrf-2 phosphorylation and reinstated AMPK2 phosphorylation in the lungs of ALI mice. The results indicate that hibifolin could effectively alleviate the pathophysiological impact of LPS-induced ALI. This is likely due to its antioxidative properties, which help to restore antioxidative enzyme activity and activate the AMPK2/Nrf2 pathway. These findings are valuable in terms of enhancing our knowledge of ALI treatment and pave the way for further investigation into hibifolin as a potential therapeutic option for lung injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Lun Ni
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Huan-Ting Shen
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Yan Ng
- Department of Pediatric, Chung Kang branch, Cheng Ching Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Pin Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shiuan-Shinn Lee
- Department of Public Health, College of health care and management, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chi Tseng
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Dermatology, Shiso Municipal Hospital, Shiso, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yung-Chuan Ho
- Center for General Education, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsiang Kuan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacy, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Lashgari NA, Khayatan D, Roudsari NM, Momtaz S, Dehpour AR, Abdolghaffari AH. Therapeutic approaches for cholestatic liver diseases: the role of nitric oxide pathway. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:1433-1454. [PMID: 37736835 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02684-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Cholestasis describes bile secretion or flow impairment, which is clinically manifested with fatigue, pruritus, and jaundice. Neutrophils play a crucial role in many diseases such as cholestasis liver diseases through mediating several oxidative and inflammatory pathways. Data have been collected from clinical, in vitro, and in vivo studies published between 2000 and December 2021 in English and obtained from the PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Cochrane libraries. Although nitric oxide plays an important role in the pathogenesis of cholestatic liver diseases, excessive levels of NO in serum and affected tissues, mainly synthesized by the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) enzyme, can exacerbate inflammation. NO induces the inflammatory and oxidative processes, which finally leads to cell damage. We found that natural products such as baicalin, curcumin, resveratrol, and lycopene, as well as chemical likes ursodeoxycholic acid, dexamethasone, rosuvastatin, melatonin, and sildenafil, are able to markedly attenuate the NO production and iNOS expression, mainly through inducing the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), Janus kinase and signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT), and toll like receptor-4 (TLR4) signaling pathways. This study summarizes the latest scientific data about the bile acid signaling pathway, the neutrophil chemotaxis recruitment process during cholestasis, and the role of NO in cholestasis liver diseases. Literature review directed us to propose that suppression of NO and its related pathways could be a therapeutic option for preventing or treating cholestatic liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naser-Aldin Lashgari
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, No. 99, Yakhchal, Gholhak, Shariati St., Tehran, Iran, P. O. Box: 19419-33111
- GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Danial Khayatan
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, No. 99, Yakhchal, Gholhak, Shariati St., Tehran, Iran, P. O. Box: 19419-33111
- GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazanin Momeni Roudsari
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, No. 99, Yakhchal, Gholhak, Shariati St., Tehran, Iran, P. O. Box: 19419-33111
- GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeideh Momtaz
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Toxicology and Diseases Group (TDG), Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Dehpour
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Amir Hossein Abdolghaffari
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, No. 99, Yakhchal, Gholhak, Shariati St., Tehran, Iran, P. O. Box: 19419-33111.
- GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
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Zhao Y, Zhao M, Zhang Y, Fu Z, Jin T, Song J, Huang Y, Zhao C, Wang M. Bile acids metabolism involved in the beneficial effects of Danggui Shaoyao San via gut microbiota in the treatment of CCl 4 induced hepatic fibrosis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117383. [PMID: 37925004 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Danggui Shaoyao San (DSS) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) first recorded in the Synopsis of the Golden Chamber. DSS has proven efficacy in treating hepatic fibrosis (HF). However, the effects and mechanisms of DSS on HF are not clear. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the effect of DSS on HF via gut microbiota and its metabolites (SCFAs, BAs). MATERIALS AND METHODS HF rats were induced with CCl4 and treated with DSS. Firstly, the therapeutic efficacy of DSS in HF rats and the protection of gut barrier were assessed. Then, 16S rRNA gene sequencing and untargeted fecal metabolomics preliminarily explored the mechanism of DSS in treating HF, and identified different microbiota and metabolic pathways. Finally, targeted metabolomics and RT-qPCR were used to further validate the mechanism of DSS for HF based on the metabolism of SCFAs and BAs. RESULTS After 8 weeks of administration, DSS significantly reduced the degree of HF. In addition, DSS alleviated inflammation in the ileum and reduced the levels of LPS and D-lactate. Furthermore, DSS altered the structure of gut microbiota, especially Veillonella, Romboutsia, Monoglobus, Parabacteroides, norank_f_Coriobacteriales_Incertae_Sedis. These bacteria have been linked to the production of SCFAs and the metabolism of BAs. Untargeted metabolomics suggested that DSS may play a role via BAs metabolism. Subsequently, targeted metabolomics and RT-qPCR further confirmed the key role of DSS in increasing SCFAs levels and regulating BAs metabolism. CONCLUSIONS DSS can alleviate CCl4-induced HF and protect the gut barrier. DSS may exert its beneficial effects on HF by affecting the gut microbiota and its metabolites (SCFAs, BAs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Min Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yumeng Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zixuan Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Tong Jin
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jiaxi Song
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yihe Huang
- School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Huanghe North Street 146, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Chunjie Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Miao Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
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Pensamiento-Niño CA, Castañeda-Ovando A, Añorve-Morga J, Hernández-Fuentes AD, Aguilar-Arteaga K, Ojeda-Ramírez D. Edible Flowers and Their Relationship with Human Health: Biological Activities. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2023.2182885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Javier Añorve-Morga
- Chemistry Department, Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Mineral de la Reforma, Mexico
| | - Alma D. Hernández-Fuentes
- Veterinary Medicine and Agroindustry Engineering Departments, Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Tulancingo, Mexico
| | - Karina Aguilar-Arteaga
- Agroindustry Engineering Department, Universidad Politécnica de Francisco, Madero, Francisco Madero, Mexico
| | - Deyanira Ojeda-Ramírez
- Veterinary Medicine and Agroindustry Engineering Departments, Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Tulancingo, Mexico
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Shukla P, Sakure A, Pipaliya R, Basaiawmoit B, Maurya R, Bishnoi M, Kondepudi KK, Hati S. Exploring the potential of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei M11 on antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and ACE inhibitory effects of fermented dromedary camel milk (Camelus dromedaries) and the release of antidiabetic and anti-hypertensive peptides. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14449. [PMID: 36206543 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The goal of this investigation was to find antidiabetic peptides and inhibit angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) in Lacticaseibacillus paracasei (M11) fermented dromedary camel milk (Camelus dromedaries). According to the findings, the rate of antidiabetic activity increased along with the incubation periods and reached its peak after 48 hr of fermentation. The inhibitions of α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and lipase were 80.75, 59.62, and 65.46%, respectively. The inhibitory activity of ACE was 78.33%, and the proteolytic activity was 8.90 mg/mL. M11 at 0.25 mg/mL effectively suppressed LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines and their mediators such as NO, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β in RAW 264.7 cells. The rate of inoculum in the optimization phase was 1.5-2.5%, and the greatest proteolytic activity was observed after 48 hr of fermentation. The investigation of the above property in the ultrafiltered fermented milk exhibited the highest antidiabetic and ACE inhibition activities in the 3 kDa than 10 kDa fractions. The molecular weight was determined employing SDS-PAGE, and the six-peptide sequences were identified using 2D gel electrophoresis. Due to its high proteolytic activity, the L. paracasei strain has been reported to be useful in the production of ACE-inhibitory and antidiabetic peptides. Amino acid sequences such from ɑ1, ɑ2, and β-caseins have been identified within fermented camel milk by searching on online databases, including BIOPEP (for antidiabetic peptides) and AHTPDB (for hypertension peptides) to validate the antidiabetic and ACE-inhibitory actions of several peptides. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The study aims to identify antidiabetic peptides and inhibit ACE in dromedary camel milk fermented with Lacticaseibacillus paracasei M11. Maximum antidiabetic and ACE-inhibitory actions of the fermented camel milk were observed in 3 kDa permeate fractions. Fermented camel milk significantly reduced the excessive TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β production in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cells. RP-LC/MS was used to identify 6 bioactive peptides from dromedary fermented camel milk. This fermented camel milk could be used for the management of hypertension and diabetic related problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratik Shukla
- Dairy Microbiology Department, SMC College of Dairy Science, Anand, Gujarat, India
| | - Amar Sakure
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, B.A College of Agriculture, Anand, Gujarat, India
| | - Rinkal Pipaliya
- Dairy Microbiology Department, SMC College of Dairy Science, Anand, Gujarat, India
| | - Bethsheba Basaiawmoit
- Department of Rural Development and Agricultural Production, North-Eastern Hill University, Chasingre, Meghalaya, India
| | - Ruchika Maurya
- Healthy Gut Research Group, Food & Nutritional Biotechnology Division, Centre of Excellence in Functional Foods, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), SAS Nagar, Punjab, India
| | - Mahendra Bishnoi
- Healthy Gut Research Group, Food & Nutritional Biotechnology Division, Centre of Excellence in Functional Foods, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), SAS Nagar, Punjab, India
| | - Kanthi Kiran Kondepudi
- Healthy Gut Research Group, Food & Nutritional Biotechnology Division, Centre of Excellence in Functional Foods, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), SAS Nagar, Punjab, India
| | - Subrota Hati
- Dairy Microbiology Department, SMC College of Dairy Science, Anand, Gujarat, India
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Liu Z, Liu D, Chen M, Zong W, Zhou X, Meng F, Jiang Y, Chen M, Liao Z, Wang G. Effects of Sedi Herba (Sedum sarmentosum) on attenuating cholestasis by the activation of the farnesoid x receptor (FXR)-mediated signaling. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 155:113803. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Wei C, Qiu J, Wu Y, Chen Z, Yu Z, Huang Z, Yang K, Hu H, Liu F. Promising traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of cholestatic liver disease process (cholestasis, hepatitis, liver fibrosis, liver cirrhosis). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 297:115550. [PMID: 35863612 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cholestatic liver disease (CLD) is mainly characterized by cholestasis. If not treated, it will deteriorate to cholestatic hepatitis, liver fibrosis, liver cirrhosis, and even liver failure. CLD has a high clinical incidence, and limited treatment with single therapy. In the long-term clinical exploration, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been corroborated with unique therapeutic effects on the CLD process. AIM OF THIS REVIEW This paper summarizes the effective single and compound TCMs for the treatment of CLD. According to 4 important clinical stages of CLD: cholestasis, hepatitis, liver fibrosis, liver cirrhosis, pharmacological effects and mechanisms of 5 typical TCM examples are reviewed, aims to provide basis for clinical drug selection in different processes of CLD. MATERIALS AND METHODS Relevant scientific articles regarding therapeutic effects of TCM for the CLD were collected from different databases. We collated three single herbs including Artemisia scoparia Waldst. et Kit. or Artemisia capillaris Thunb. (Artemisiae Scopariae Herba, Yin Chen in Chinese), Paeonia lactiflora Pall. or Paeonia veitchii Lynch. (Paeoniae radix rubra, Chi Shao in Chinese), Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf (Poria, Fu Ling in Chinese), and two compound herbs of Huang Qi Decoction (HQD) and Yin Chen Hao Decoction (YCHD) to studied and analyzed. RESULTS We proposed five promising TCMs treatments for the important developmental stages of CLD. Among them, Yin Chen is an essential medicine for protecting liver and gallbladder, and its TCM prescription is also a promising strategy for cholestasis. Based on clinical evidence, high-dose application of Chi Shao is a clinical special treatment of cholestasis hepatitis. Fu Ling can regulate immune cells and increase antibody levels in serum, which is expected to be an emerging therapy to prevent cholestatic liver fibrosis to cirrhosis. HQD can be used as routine clinical medicine for liver fibrosis. In addition, YCHD can exert better comprehensive advantages with multiple components, can treat the whole course of CLD and prevent it from developing to the end-stage. CONCLUSION Yin Chen, Chi Shao, Fu Ling, HQD and YCHD have shown good clinical efficacy in controlling the development of CLD. Clinically, it is easier to curb the development of CLD by adopting graded diagnosis and treatment measures. We suggest that CLD should be risk stratified in clinical treatment to ensure personalized treatment for patients, so as to slow down the development of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlei Wei
- Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Jing Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Yuyi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Ziqiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Ziwei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Zecheng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Ke Yang
- Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Huiling Hu
- Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Fang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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Wang SW, Chang CC, Hsuan CF, Chang TH, Chen YL, Wang YY, Yu TH, Wu CC, Houng JY. Neuroprotective Effect of Abelmoschus manihot Flower Extracts against the H 2O 2-Induced Cytotoxicity, Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in PC12 Cells. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9100596. [PMID: 36290563 PMCID: PMC9598102 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9100596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The progression of neurodegenerative diseases is associated with oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. Abelmoschus manihot L. flower (AMf) has been shown to possess excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. This study investigated the protective effect of ethanolic extract (AME), water extract (AMW) and supercritical extract (AMS) of AMf on PC12 neuronal cells under hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) stimulation. This study also explored the molecular mechanism underlying the protective effect of AME, which was the best among the three extracts. The experimental results showed that even at a concentration of 500 μg/mL, neither AME nor AMW showed toxic effects on PC12 cells, while AMS caused about 10% cell death. AME has the most protective effect on apoptosis of PC12 cells stimulated with 0.5 mM H2O2. This is evident by the finding when PC12 cells were treated with 500 μg/mL AME; the viability was restored from 58.7% to 80.6% in the Treatment mode (p < 0.001) and from 59.1% to 98.1% in the Prevention mode (p < 0.001). Under the stimulation of H2O2, AME significantly up-regulated the expression of antioxidant enzymes, such as catalase, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase; promoted the production of the intracellular antioxidant; reduced glutathione; and reduced ROS generation in PC12 cells. When the acute inflammation was induced under the H2O2 stimulation, AME significantly down-regulated the pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediators (e.g., TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, COX-2 and iNOS). AME pretreatment could also greatly promote the production of nucleotide excision repair (NER)-related proteins, which were down-regulated by H2O2. This finding indicates that AME could repair DNA damage caused by oxidative stress. Results from this study demonstrate that AME has the potential to delay the onset and progression of oxidative stress-induced neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Wei Wang
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chang Chang
- School of Medicine for International Students, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, E-Da Hospital/E-Da Dachang Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Feng Hsuan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital/E-Da Dachang Hospital/E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hsien Chang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, E-Da Hospital/E-Da Dachang Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ling Chen
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, E-Da Hospital/E-Da Dachang Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Ya Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine for Post-Baccalaureate, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Teng-Hung Yu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital/E-Da Dachang Hospital/E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ching Wu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital/E-Da Dachang Hospital/E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Yiing Houng
- Department of Nutrition, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-7-6151100 (ext. 7915)
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Protective Effect of Rhus chinensis Mill. Fruits on 3,5-Diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-Dihydrocollidine-Induced Cholestasis in Mice via Ameliorating Oxidative Stress and Inflammation. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14194090. [PMID: 36235742 PMCID: PMC9573408 DOI: 10.3390/nu14194090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
This study focused on the preventive effects of the extracts of Rhus chinensis Mill. (RCM) fruits on cholestasis induced by 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine (DDC) in mice. The results showed that RCM extracts could significantly ameliorate DDC-induced cholestasis via multiple mechanisms, including (1) alleviating liver damage via enhancing antioxidant capacity, such as increasing the contents of glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and catalase and inhibiting the levels of malondialdehyde; (2) preventing liver inflammation by suppressing NF-κB pathway and reducing proinflammatory cytokines secretion (e.g., tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6); (3) inhibiting liver fibrosis and collagen deposition by regulating the expression of transforming growth factor-β and α-smooth muscle actin; (4) modulating abnormal bile acid metabolism through increasing the expression of bile salt export pump and multidrug resistance-associated protein 2. This study was the first to elucidate the potential preventive effect of RCM extracts on DDC-induced cholestasis in mice from multiple pathways, which suggested that RCM fruits could be considered as a potential dietary supplement to prevent cholestasis.
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Cheng Z, Wang Y, Li B. Dietary Polyphenols Alleviate Autoimmune Liver Disease by Mediating the Intestinal Microenvironment: Challenges and Hopes. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:10708-10737. [PMID: 36005815 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c02654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Autoimmune liver disease is a chronic liver disease caused by an overactive immune response in the liver that imposes a significant health and economic cost on society. Due to the side effects of existing medicinal medications, there is a trend toward seeking natural bioactive compounds as dietary supplements. Currently, dietary polyphenols have been proven to have the ability to mediate gut-liver immunity and control autoimmune liver disease through modulating the intestinal microenvironment. Based on the preceding, this Review covers the many forms of autoimmune liver illnesses, their pathophysiology, and the modulatory effects of polyphenols on immune disorders. Finally, we focus on how polyphenols interact with the intestinal milieu to improve autoimmune liver disease. In conclusion, we suggest that dietary polyphenols have the potential as gut-targeted modulators for the prevention and treatment of autoimmune liver disease and highlight new perspectives and critical issues for future pharmacological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Cheng
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Nutrition and Innovative Manufacturing of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Yuehua Wang
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Nutrition and Innovative Manufacturing of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Bin Li
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Nutrition and Innovative Manufacturing of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
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Wu W, Li K, Ran X, Wang W, Xu X, Zhang Y, Wei X, Zhang T. Combination of resveratrol and luteolin ameliorates α-naphthylisothiocyanate-induced cholestasis by regulating the bile acid homeostasis and suppressing oxidative stress. Food Funct 2022; 13:7098-7111. [PMID: 35697346 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00521b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cholestasis is a common liver injury without any effective therapeutic drugs so far. Resveratrol (RES) and luteolin (LUT) are natural polyphenols that exert protective effects on multiple liver injuries. Coadministration of RES and LUT could significantly improve the bioavailability of LUT and increase the systemic exposure to RES, and the combined treatment could also benefit from their multi-component and multi-target characteristics. Our current aim is to study the protective effects of coadministration of RES and LUT on α-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT)-induced cholestasis. Serum biochemical indices and liver histopathology in rats indicated that coadministration of RES and LUT could improve liver function by suppressing oxidative stress. Dysregulated bile acid (BA) homeostasis is a significant pathological feature of cholestasis, which was determined to explore the potential biomarkers and to clarify the protection mechanism of coadministration of RES and LUT. The levels of cholic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid, taurine conjugates and glycine conjugates, and the ratios of taurine conjugates to their free forms could be used as diagnosis indicators for cholestasis in rats. Furthermore, the coadministration of RES and LUT could restore the BA levels and exert better protective effects than administration alone. This study suggested that the coadministration of RES and LUT could protect against ANIT-induced cholestasis and the mechanism was closely related to regulating BA homeostasis and suppressing oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenying Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Kexin Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Xiaohua Ran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Weiping Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Xiaolan Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Xiuyan Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutical, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Tianhong Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China.
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12
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Sun X, Li P, Lin H, Ni Z, Zhan Y, Cai G, Liu C, Chen Q, Wang W, Wang X, Zhang P, Li P, Liang M, Zheng H, Wang N, Miao L, Jin R, Guo Z, Wang Y, Chen X. Efficacy and safety of Abelmoschus manihot in treating chronic kidney diseases: A multicentre, open-label and single-arm clinical trial. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 99:154011. [PMID: 35278897 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVE The efficacy of Abelmoschus manihot (AM) in treating of chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been confirmed by prior trials. AM is also commonly combined to other medicines among CKD patients in clinic. This trial aimed at evaluating the safety of AM combination application, and further verifying the efficacy of AM in treating various types of CKD. STUDY DESIGN A multicentre, prospective, open-label, single-arm trial SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Approximately 2000 CKD patients with proteinuria (≥ 150 mg/d), from 105 centres across China INTERVENTIONS: AM was administered to patients three times per day for 24 weeks: the daily dose was based on age (> 12 years old: 2.5 g tid; 6∼12 years old: 1.5 g tid; 2∼6 years old: 1 g tid) OUTCOMES: The efficacy outcomes were the change in 24-hour proteinuria and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) from baseline to week 24. Safety outcomes included adverse events and laboratory tests. RESULTS 2054 CKD patients from 105 centres were enrolled in this trial, with 1843 (89.7%) completing the 24-week follow-up. The participants' median age was 44 years old and 44.6% were female. Compared to baseline, 24-hour proteinuria decreased 471 mg (95% confident interval, 367 to 575, p < 0.001) at week 24. eGFR did not change significantly relative to baseline with the mean increase as 1.7 ml/min/1.73 m2 (95% confident interval, -0.3 to 3.7, p = 0.09). 902 (43.9%) participants combined medication to AM during follow-up. The total incidence of adverse events was 12.9%; and the most common adverse events were hyperlipidaemia (4.1%), abnormal liver function (2.3%), upper respiratory infection (1.8%), and hyperglycaemia (1.1%). Combined medications did not change the risk for hyperlipidaemia and upper respiratory infection. The combination application with antiplatelet reagents increased the risk of abnormal liver function, and with calcium channel blockers increased the risk of hyperglycaemia. LIMITATIONS Single-arm clinical trial and short observation time CONCLUSION: We have provided safety information of AM on various types of CKD in a large trial, especially when combination to medications most commonly prescribed to CKD patients. AM also showed to decrease proteinuria with stable kidney function during follow up. AM is a promising treatment for CKD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing 100853, China.
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Hongli Lin
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, China
| | - Zhaohui Ni
- Department of Nephrology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Yongli Zhan
- Department of Nephrology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Guangyan Cai
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Qinkai Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Wenge Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Xiaoqin Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of TCM, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Peiqing Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Heilongjiang Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ha'erbin, 150036, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Nephrology, Yantai Yu Huang Ding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, 264000, China
| | - Meng Liang
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese People's Liberation Army No.174 Hospital, Xiamen, 361003, China
| | - Hongguang Zheng
- Department of Nephrology, The Chinese people's liberation army general hospital in northern war zone, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Niansong Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The Six Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Lining Miao
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Ruixia Jin
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, China
| | - Zhiyong Guo
- Department of Nephrology, Chang Hai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xiangmei Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing 100853, China.
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13
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Comparative Study on Chemical Constituents of Medicinal and Non-Medicinal Parts of Flos Abelmoschus manihot, Based on Metabolite Profiling Coupled with Multivariate Statistical Analysis. HORTICULTURAE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8040317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
According to Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 edition), Abelmoschi Corolla (AC) is the dried corolla of Flos Abelmoschus manihot (FAM). Market research has found that AC is often mixed with the non-medicinal parts in FAM, including calyx, stamen, and pistil. However, previous studies have not clarified the relationship between the medicinal and non-medicinal parts of FAM. In this study, in order to investigate whether there is any distinction between the medicinal and non-medicinal parts of FAM, the characterization of the constituents in calyx, corolla, stamen, and pistil was analyzed by UFLC-Triple TOF-MS/MS. Multivariate statistical analysis was used to classify and screen differential constituents between medicinal and non-medicinal parts of FAM, and the relative contents of differential constituents were compared based on the peak intensities. Results showed that 51 constituents in medicinal and non-medicinal parts of FAM were identified, and the fragmentation pathways to different types of constituents were preliminarily deduced by the fragmentation behavior of the identified constituents. Furthermore, multivariate statistical analysis revealed that the medicinal and non-medicinal parts of FAM differed significantly; 20 differential constituents were screened out to reveal the characteristics of metabolic differences. Among them, the relative contents of 19 differential constituents in the medicinal part were significantly higher than those in non-medicinal parts. This study could be helpful in the quality evaluation of AC as well as provide basic information for the improvement of the market standard of AC.
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14
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Paeoniflorin Protects against ANIT-Induced Cholestatic Liver Injury in Rats via the Activation of SIRT1-FXR Signaling Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:8479868. [PMID: 34512782 PMCID: PMC8429014 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8479868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Paeoniflorin (PF), a water-soluble monoterpene glycoside, is initially isolated from the dried roots of Paeonia lactiflora Pall., which has effects on ameliorating cholestasis in our previous study. However, comprehensive approaches for understanding the protective effects and mechanisms underlying cholestatic liver injury from the regulating of bile acid metabolism have not been sufficiently elucidated. This study was aimed to explore the effectiveness as well as potential mechanism of PF on alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT)-induced cholestatic liver injury. Rats with cholestasis induced by ANIT was used to evaluate the protective effects and mechanism of PF by regulating SIRT1/FXR and NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway. Rats were intragastrically administrated with ANIT to establish cholestatic liver injury model. Serum levels of ALT, AST, TBA, TBIL, ALP, γ-GT and ALB in rats were detected. The histopathology of the liver of rats was analyzed in vivo. The relative mRNA expression and protein expression levels of IL-18, IL-1β, TNF-α, HO-1, Nrf2, TLR4, NLRP3, Caspase-1, ASC, NF-κB, FXR, and SIRT1 in liver of rats were investigated. The results showed that the serum indexes and the liver histopathology were significantly improved by PF. The overexpression of IL-18, IL-1β, TNF-α, NLRP3, ASC, and Caspase-1 in liver was markedly reduced by PF. Furthermore, PF dramatically increased the mRNA and protein expressions of SIRT1, FXR, HO-1, and Nrf2, but decreased NF-κB p65 and TLR4 levels in liver of rats. Taken together, the protective effects of PF on cholestatic liver injury were possibly related to the activation of the SIRT1/FXR and inhibition of NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway. These findings might provide a potential protection for cholestatic liver injury.
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15
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Feng SL, Zhang J, Jin H, Zhu WT, Yuan Z. A Network Pharmacology Study of the Molecular Mechanisms of Hypericum japonicum in the Treatment of Cholestatic Hepatitis with Validation in an Alpha-Naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT) Hepatotoxicity Rat Model. Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e928402. [PMID: 33657087 PMCID: PMC7938440 DOI: 10.12659/msm.928402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This network pharmacology study aimed to identify the active compounds and molecular mechanisms involved in the effects of Hypericum japonicum on cholestatic hepatitis. We validated the findings in an alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT) rat model of hepatotoxicity. Material/Methods The chemical constituents and targets of H. japonicum and target genes previously associated with cholestatic hepatitis were retrieved from public databases. A network was constructed using Cytoscape 3.7.2 software and the STRING database and potential protein functions were analyzed based on the public platform of bioinformatics. ANIT was used to induce cholestatic hepatitis in a rat model using 36 Sprague-Dawley rats, and this model was used to investigate intervention with 3 doses of quercetin (low-dose, 50 mg/kg; medium-dose, 100 mg/kg; and high-dose, 200 mg/kg), the main active component of H. japonicum. Levels of serum biochemical indexes were measured by commercial kits, and the messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of markers of liver and mitochondrial function and oxidative stress were detected by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results The main active ingredients of H. japonicum were quercetin, kaempferol, and tetramethoxyluteolin, and their key targets included prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 (PTGS2), B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL2), cholesterol 7-alpha hydroxylase (CYP7A1), and farnesoid X receptor (FXR). Quercetin intervention promoted recovery from cholestatic hepatitis. Conclusions The findings from this research provide support for future research on the roles of quercetin, kaempferol, and tetramethoxyluteolin in human liver disease and the roles of the PTGS2, BCL2, CYP7A1, and FXR genes in cholestatic hepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Ling Feng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Hongliu Jin
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Wen Ting Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Zhongwen Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
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16
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Luan F, Wu Q, Yang Y, Lv H, Liu D, Gan Z, Zeng N. Traditional Uses, Chemical Constituents, Biological Properties, Clinical Settings, and Toxicities of Abelmoschus manihot L.: A Comprehensive Review. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1068. [PMID: 32973492 PMCID: PMC7482509 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abelmoschus manihot, an annual herbal flowering plant, is widely distributed throughout eastern Europe and in temperate and subtropical regions of Asia. Its flowers have been traditionally used for the treatment of chronic kidney disease in China. Currently, more than 128 phytochemical ingredients have been obtained and identified from the flowers, seeds, stems, and leaves of A. manihot. The primary components are flavonoids, amino acids, nucleosides, polysaccharides, organic acids, steroids, and volatile oils. A. manihot and its bioactive constituents possess a plethora of biological properties, including antidiabetic nephropathy, antioxidant, antiadipogenic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anticonvulsant, antidepressant, antiviral, antitumor, cardioprotective, antiplatelet, neuroprotective, immunomodulatory, and hepatoprotective activities, and have effects on cerebral infarction, bone loss, etc. However, insufficient utilization and excessive waste have already led to a rapid reduction of resources, meaning that a study on the sustainable use of A. manihot is urgent and necessary. Moreover, the major biologically active constituents and the mechanisms of action of the flowers have yet to be elucidated. The present paper provides an early and comprehensive review of the traditional uses, chemical constituents, pharmacological activities, and pharmaceutical, quality control, toxicological, and clinical settings to emphasize the benefits of this plant and lays a solid foundation for further development of A. manihot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Luan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Tuberculosis Prevention and Treatment, Xi'an, China.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qianhong Wu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Tuberculosis Prevention and Treatment, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Haizhen Lv
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Tuberculosis Prevention and Treatment, Xi'an, China
| | - Daoheng Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Tuberculosis Prevention and Treatment, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhaoping Gan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Tuberculosis Prevention and Treatment, Xi'an, China
| | - Nan Zeng
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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17
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Park YI, Cha YE, Jang M, Park R, Namkoong S, Kwak J, Jang IS, Park J. The Flower Extract of Abelmoschus manihot (Linn.) Increases Cyclin D1 Expression and Activates Cell Proliferation. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 30:1044-1050. [PMID: 32160700 PMCID: PMC9728244 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2002.02024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Abelmoschus manihot (Linn.) is a medicinal herbal plant that is commonly used to treat chronic kidney disease and hepatitis. However, its effect on cell proliferation has not been clearly revealed. In this report, we sought to determine the effect of the flower extract of A. manihot (FA) on cell proliferation. Based on our findings, FA increased the proliferation of human diploid fibroblast (HDF) and HEK293 cells. Through cell cycle analysis, FA was found to increase the number of HDF cells in the S phase and G2/M phase. FA also increased the expression of cyclin D1 and enhanced the migration of HDF cells. By administering FA to HDF cells with ≥30 passages, a decrease in the number of senescence-associated β galactosidase-positive cells was observed, thereby indicating that FA can ameliorate cellular senescence. Collectively, our findings indicate that FA increases cyclin D1 expression and regulates cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yea-In Park
- Division of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeo-Eun Cha
- Division of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Minsu Jang
- Division of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Rackhyun Park
- Division of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Sim Namkoong
- Department of Biochemistry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Ik-Soon Jang
- Division of Analytical Science, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 34133, Republic of Korea
| | - Junsoo Park
- Division of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea,Corresponding author Phone: +82-33-760-2560 Fax: +82-33-760-2183 E-mail:
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18
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Li N, Tang H, Wu L, Ge H, Wang Y, Yu H, Zhang X, Ma J, Gu HF. Chemical constituents, clinical efficacy and molecular mechanisms of the ethanol extract of Abelmoschus manihot flowers in treatment of kidney diseases. Phytother Res 2020; 35:198-206. [PMID: 32716080 PMCID: PMC7891592 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Abelmoschus manihot, also called as “Huangkui” in Chinese, is an annual flowering herb plant in the family of Malvaceae. As a traditional Chinese medicine, the ethanol extract of the flower in Abelmoschus manihot is made as Huangkui capsule and has been used for medication of the patients with kidney diseases. Its efficacy in clinical symptoms is mainly improving renal function and reducing proteinuria among the patients with chronic kidney disease, diabetic kidney disease or IgA nephropathy. The possible mechanism of Huangkui capsule treatment in kidney diseases may include reducing inflammation and anti‐oxidative stress, improving immune response, protecting renal tubular epithelial cells, ameliorating podocyte apoptosis, glomerulosclerosis and mesangial proliferation, as well as inhibiting renal fibrosis. In this review, we first described chemical constituents and pharmacokinetic characteristics in ethanol extract of the flower of Abelmoschus manihot. We then summarized the clinical and epidemiological relevancies of kidney diseases particularly in the mainland of China and discussed the possible molecular mechanisms of Huangkui capsule in the treatment of kidney diseases. Finally, we prospected further research on cellular and molecular mechanisms and application of this Chinese natural medicine in kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Li
- Center for Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.,Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Haitao Tang
- Suzhong Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Liang Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.,Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Haitao Ge
- Suzhong Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yurong Wang
- Center for Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Honglin Yu
- Suzhong Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiuli Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jimei Ma
- Suzhong Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Harvest F Gu
- Center for Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
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19
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Guo S, Ren X, Du J, Zhang S, Wang T, Zhang H, Zhao H, Yue W, Ho CT, Bai N. Simultaneous characterization and quantification of flavonoids in Morus australis root as potential hepatoprotective nutraceutical. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13259. [PMID: 32426875 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Morus australis distributed widely in China has high value in food and agriculture. Twelve phenolic compounds were isolated and identified as major constituents of M. australis root from Shaanxi province, China, while the protective effect of M. australis root on liver injury has never been determined in detail. In this study, the hepatoprotective ability of M. australis root was investigated in vivo and in vitro. The ethanol-water extract prepared from M. australis root showed protection on alcohol-induced liver damage in mice by decreasing the levels of serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate transaminase, triacylglycerol and malondialdehyde, and by increasing glutathione contents. Furthermore, among 12 major constituents of M. australis root, 10 flavonoids (especially 1) showed protection against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4 )-intoxicated HepG2 cell lines by decreased lactic dehydrogenase levels. In addition a validated HPLC-DAD method was established for the quantitative analysis of 10 flavonoids in the bioactive extract. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Our results showed that M. australis root extract significantly alleviated the liver damage in mice. Ten flavonoids from the root of this plant exhibited protection on CCl4 -intoxicated HepG2 cell lines. This study suggests that Morus australis root has hepatoprotective potential as a promising supplement for the prevention and treatment of liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiameng Ren
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Junfeng Du
- Shaanxi Family Forestry Bureau, Shaanxi Jiaxian Development and Reform and Science and Technology Bureau, Yulin, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tianyi Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hai Zhang
- National Translation Center for Molecular Medicine, Fourth Military Medical Univeristy, Xi'an, China
| | - Haoan Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenping Yue
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chi-Tang Ho
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Naisheng Bai
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
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20
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Sobeh M, Hamza MS, Ashour ML, Elkhatieb M, El Raey MA, Abdel-Naim AB, Wink M. A Polyphenol-Rich Fraction from Eugenia uniflora Exhibits Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Activities In Vivo. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:E84. [PMID: 32365693 PMCID: PMC7281215 DOI: 10.3390/ph13050084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Leaves from Eugenia uniflora, the red Brazilian cherry, have a high content of flavonoids that possess several biological effects such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antidiabetic activities. However, their influence on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced acute liver injury in rats has not been investigated. In the current study, a bioguided fractionation assay revealed that the ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) of Eugenia uniflora is the safest and most active fraction. LC-MS analysis of the ethyl acetate fraction revealed 22 secondary metabolites, mainly myricetin and quercetin derivatives. EAF did not show toxicity up to 2000 mg/kg, and exhibited antioxidant activities in vitro in DPPH assay with IC50 of 3.35 µg/mL. Additionally, EAF exhibited substantial antioxidant activities in vivo by counteracting the oxidative damage of the prooxidant juglone [80 µM] in Caenorhabditis elegans model organism and increased its survival rate in a dose-dependent fashion through the DAF-16/Foxo pathway. Furthermore, the hepatoprotective activity of EAF (200 mg/kg against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) intoxicated male Wistar rats was assessed. EAF significantly inhibited CCl4-induced elevation of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), total bilirubin (TB), total cholesterol (TC), and triglycerides (TG), in the blood serum and prevented lipid peroxidation and restored superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and glutathione (GSH) content in liver tissues. The observed hepatoprotective effects of EAF, which were supported by histopathological observations as pretreatment with EAF, effectively attenuated the CCl4-induced histopathological changes. In conclusion, EAF of Eugenia uniflora leaves has substantial hepatoprotective activities against CCl4 induced acute liver injury in rats due to its antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansour Sobeh
- AgroBioSciences Research Division, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660–Hay MoulayRachid, Ben-Guerir 43150, Morocco
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marwa S. Hamza
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, El-Sherouk City, P.O. Box 43, Cairo 11837, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed L. Ashour
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
| | - Mona Elkhatieb
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed A El Raey
- Department of Phytochemistry and Plant Systematics, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt;
| | - Ashraf B. Abdel-Naim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80260, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Michael Wink
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Zhang Z, Miao Y, Xu M, Cheng W, Yang C, She X, Geng Q, Zhang Q. TianJiu therapy for α-naphthyl isothiocyanate-induced intrahepatic cholestasis in rats treated with fresh Ranunculus sceleratus L. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 248:112310. [PMID: 31629027 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE TianJiu (TJ) therapy, one type of cold moxibustion, applies to specific acupuncture points with herbal patches of hot nature, providing a constant irritant to the skin until the presence of hyperemia and blistering. Traditional and clinical reports suggest that TJ is an effective therapy for the treatment of jaundice with fresh Ranunculus sceleratus L. (RS), in which protoanemonin is one of the main irritant constituents. However, the therapeutic effect of TJ treatment with fresh RS against intrahepatic cholestasis has not been studied in animal experiments. AIM OF THE STUDY Present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of TJ treatment with fresh RS against intrahepatic cholestasis in rats and provide an experimental basis for the underlying mechanism of TJ therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male intrahepatic cholestatic Sprague-Dawley rats induced by 2% α-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT, 80 mg/kg B.W.) were treated by TJ therapy with fresh RS. The levels of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), direct bilirubin (DBIL), total bilirubin (TBIL), total bile acid (TBA), hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric monoxide (NO), as well as hepatic body ratio, bile flow and hepatic histopathological assay were measured and evaluated to investigate the therapeutic effect of TJ treatment with fresh RS. Phytochemical analysis of fresh and dried RS was performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS). RESULTS After TJ treatment with fresh RS, the abnormally elevated levels of serum AST, ALT, ALP, DBIL, TBIL and TBA, as well as hepatic MDA and NO at 108 h were reduced significantly (versus model group, P < 0.01). The hepatic body ratio, bile flow and hepatic pathological change of cholestatic rats at 108 h in TJ group were restored when compared with those of model group. Thirty-one compounds including lactones, flavonoids and phenolic acids were identified and determined by GC-MS analysis. The content of protoanemonin in fresh RS (9.49%) was about 25-fold higher than that in dried RS (0.38%). CONCLUSIONS TJ treatment with fresh RS exhibited good therapeutic effect on ANIT-induced intrahepatic cholestasis in rats, which may be due to the attenuated oxidative stress in the liver tissue. It is rational for the ancients to choose fresh RS as TJ herbal patches because of its abundant protoanemonin with the character of irritant. The qualitative and quantitative results of GC-MS analysis provided the chemical basis of TJ therapy with fresh RS, which can be regarded as a simple and efficient method for the treatment of cholestasis hepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yiru Miao
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Min Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Wenming Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Chuanyan Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xiangjian She
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Qianqian Geng
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Qunlin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
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Fahmy SR, Sayed DA, Soliman AM, Almortada NY, Aal WEAE. Protective effect of Echinochrome against intrahepatic cholestasis induced by alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate in rats. BRAZ J BIOL 2020; 80:102-111. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.192697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract The present study was designed to evaluate the protective effects of echinochrome (Ech) on intrahepatic cholestasis in rats induced by a single (i.p.) injection of alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT) (75 mg/kg body weight). The rats were pre-treated orally for 48hr (one dose / 24hr) with Ech (1, 5 and 10 mg/kg body weight) or ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) 80 mg/kg body weight drug then, injected with ANIT. ANIT markedly increased serum activities of alanine amino transaminase (ALT), aspartate amino transaminase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), which was accompanied by a massive inflammation of epithelial cells on bile duct at 24h after ANIT injection. ANIT also increased the levels of total protein (TP), total bilirubin (TB), direct bilirubin (DB), indirect bilirubin (IB), however decrease albumin content (ALB). In addition ANIT increased hepatic MDA and NO level and decreased GSH level and GST activity. The Ech exerted hepatoprotective and anticholestatic effects as assessed by a significant decrease in the activities of serum AST, ALT and ALP, and the levels of TP, TB, DB and IB as well as liver MDA level and NO level. In conclusion, Ech was found to possess hepatoprotective effect against intrahepatic cholestasis induced by hepatotoxin such as ANIT.
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Li S, Li N, Qin S, Xue L, Chen Y, Li H. Purification, Characterization and Bioactivities of Polysaccharides from the Stalk of <i>Abelmoschus manihot</i> (L.) Medic. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.26.611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuhong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education; College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology
| | - Nan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education; College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology
| | - Shaoshuang Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education; College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology
| | - Lingyan Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education; College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology
| | - Ye Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education; College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology
| | - Heyu Li
- Yibeijian Biotechnology co. LTD
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Sohrabinezhad Z, Dastan D, Asl SS, Nili-Ahmadabadi A. Allium Jesdianum Extract Improve Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatic Failure through Inhibition of Oxidative/Nitrosative Stress. J Pharmacopuncture 2019; 22:239-247. [PMID: 31970021 PMCID: PMC6970575 DOI: 10.3831/kpi.2019.22.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Allium jesdianum (Aj) is a medicinal plant that has highlighted pharmacological features. In this study, the effects of Aj extract were examined on acetaminophen (APAP)-induced hepatic failure in rats. Methods Methanolic fraction of hydro-alcoholic extract of Aj was obtained by silica gel column chromatography method. Animals were randomly divided into four groups each containing six rats and treated by gavage as follows: the first and second groups received normal saline, the third and fourth groups were received with 50 and 100 mg/kg of Aj extract, respectively. After two consecutive weeks, the groups 2–4 were given a single dose of APAP (2 g/kg). After 48 hours, blood and liver samples were collected for biochemical and histological examinations. Results The findings of the study demonstrated that APAP caused a significant increase in ALT (P < 0.001), AST (P < 0.001), LDH (P < 0.001), ALP (P < 0.001) serum levels, hepatic lipid peroxidation (LPO; P < 0.001) and nitric oxide (NO; P < 0.001). In this regard, APAP led to the depletion of the total antioxidant capacity (TAC; P < 0.001), glutathione and total thiol groups (TTGs; P < 0.001), and structural change in the liver. In the Aj extract groups, a considerable improvement was found in the hepatic function alongside the histopathologic changes. Conclusion This investigation indicated that the influential effects of Aj extract in APAP-induced hepatic failure might depend on its effect on improving oxidant/antioxidant balance in hepatic tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Sohrabinezhad
- Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Dara Dastan
- Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.,Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Sara Soleimani Asl
- Anatomy Department, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Amir Nili-Ahmadabadi
- Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Salvianolic acid B protects against ANIT-induced cholestatic liver injury through regulating bile acid transporters and enzymes, and NF-κB/IκB and MAPK pathways. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2019; 392:1169-1180. [PMID: 31098695 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-019-01657-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the pharmacological effects of salvianolic acid B (SA-B) on α-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT)-induced cholestatic liver injury with the focus on bile acid homeostasis and anti-inflammatory pathways. Rats were randomly assigned into four groups. The control group was given normal saline (i.p.) for 7 consecutive days and on the 5th day was given the vehicle (i.g.). Model group was treated with normal saline (i.p.) for 7 days and administrated with ANIT (75 mg/kg, i.g.) on the 5th day. The SA-B groups were treated with SA-B (15 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg, i.p.) for 7 consecutive days as well as ANIT (75 mg/kg, i.g.) on the 5th day. We found that the serum levels of ALT, γ-GT, TBA, and other liver function indexes were found to be lower in the SA-B treatment groups than in the model group. SA-B also upregulated the transporters and enzymes involved in bile acid homeostasis such as Bsep, Oatp2, and Cyp3a2 in rats and BSEP, CYP3A4, and OATP2 in human cell lines. Moreover, SA-B suppressed NF-κB translocation into the nucleus, inhibited phosphorylation of p38 and JNK, and inhibited inflammation markers including IL-1β, IL-6, TGF-β, TNF-α, and COX-2 to extenuate cholestatic liver injury both in vivo and vitro. Taken together, our findings suggest that anti-cholestatic effects of SA-B may be associated with its ability to regulate NF-κB/IκB and MAPK inflammatory signaling pathways to inhibit inflammation and regulate transporters and enzymes to maintain bile acid homeostasis.
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26
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Miao Y, Xie Q, Zhang H, Cai J, Liu X, Jiao J, Hu S, Ghosal A, Yang Y, Fan H. Composition-Tunable Ultrasmall Manganese Ferrite Nanoparticles: Insights into their In Vivo T 1 Contrast Efficacy. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:1764-1776. [PMID: 31037137 PMCID: PMC6485191 DOI: 10.7150/thno.31233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of a highly efficient, low-toxicity, ultrasmall ferrite nanoparticle-based T1 contrast agent for high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is highly desirable. However, the correlations between the chemical compositions, in vitro T1 relaxivities, in vivo nano-bio interactions and toxicities remain unclear, which has been a challenge in optimizing the in vivo T1 contrast efficacy. Methods: Ultrasmall (3 nm) manganese ferrite nanoparticles (MnxFe3-xO4) with different doping concentrations of the manganese ions (x = 0.32, 0.37, 0.75, 1, 1.23 and 1.57) were used as a model system to investigate the composition-dependence of the in vivo T1 contrast efficacy. The efficacy of liver-specific contrast-enhanced MRI was assessed through systematic multiple factor analysis, which included the in vitro T1 relaxivity, in vivo MRI contrast enhancement, pharmacokinetic profiles (blood half-life time, biodistribution) and biosafety evaluations (in vitro cytotoxicity testing, in vivo blood routine examination, in vivo blood biochemistry testing and H&E staining to examine the liver). Results: With increasing Mn doping, the T1 relaxivities initially increased to their highest value of 10.35 mM-1s-1, which was obtained for Mn0.75Fe2.25O4, and then the values decreased to 7.64 m M-1s-1, which was obtained for the Mn1.57Fe1.43O4 nanoparticles. Nearly linear increases in the in vivo MRI signals (ΔSNR) and biodistributions (accumulation in the liver) of the MnxFe3-xO4 nanoparticles were observed for increasing levels of Mn doping. However, both the in vitro and in vivo biosafety evaluations suggested that MnxFe3-xO4 nanoparticles with high Mn-doping levels (x > 1) can induce significant toxicity. Conclusion: The systematic multiple factor assessment indicated that the MnxFe3-xO4 (x = 0.75-1) nanoparticles were the optimal T1 contrast agents with higher in vivo efficacies for liver-specific MRI than those of the other compositions of the MnxFe3-xO4 nanoparticles. Our work provides insight into the optimization of ultrasmall ferrite nanoparticle-based T1 contrast agents by tuning their compositions and promotes the translation of these ultrasmall ferrite nanoparticles for clinical use of high-performance contrast-enhanced MRI.
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Wang GW, Zhang XL, Wu QH, Jin YB, Ning CT, Wang R, Mao JX, Chen M. The hepatoprotective effects of Sedum sarmentosum extract and its isolated major constituent through Nrf2 activation and NF-κB inhibition. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 53:263-273. [PMID: 30668406 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sedum sarmentosum, which is recorded in Chinese Pharmacopoeia, has been applied clinically to treat liver and gallbladder diseases. PURPOSE This study aimed to explore the hepatoprotective effect of S. sarmentosum less polar extract (SSE) against ANIT-induced liver injury in rats, and the protective activity and mechanism of one major constituent isolated from this extract on D-GalN-induced human hepatic QSG7701 cell damage. METHODS Rats were divided into groups and then administrated intragastrically with SSE at doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg for 7 days. They were modeled in the experiments with ANIT (70 mg/kg) to induce liver injury after the sixth day administration. The levels of serum biochemical markers ALT, AST, ALP, GGT/γ-GT, DBiL, TBiL, ALB, TP, and bile flow rate, as well as the histopathology of the liver tissue were used as indices of liver damage and measured. The inflammatory response and oxidative stress were thought to be key contributors to ANIT-induced liver injury in rats. Therefore, the inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-4) and oxidative stress (ROS, SOD, GSH-PX) were measured in the serum and liver homogenates, respectively. Next, phytochemical research was performed to produce the main component, and the isolated compound was evaluated for its hepatoprotective activity against QSG7701 cell injured by D-GalN through the measurement of cell viabilities, ALT, AST, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, ROS, GSH-PX and SOD productions. Furthermore, the protein expression of the Nrf2 and NF-κB pathways were analyzed by western blotting. RESULTS SSE had an obvious effect on the decreases of ALT, AST, ALP, GGT/γ-GT, DBiL and TBiL levels, the increases of ALB and TP levels in serum, and the ANIT-induced deceleration in bile flow for liver injury. Meanwhile, SSE pretreatment alleviated ANIT-induced liver pathological injuries exhibited by HE stain of the liver. Moreover, SSE significantly suppressed levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IFN-γ, and elevated level of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-4 in serum. SSE also attenuated oxidative stress by reducing ROS level and by enhancing antioxidative enzymes (SOD and GSH-PX) activities after ANIT administration in liver tissue. Further, the major compound shown in HPLC was isolated from SSE. Its structure was identified by the spectroscopic data analysis and comparison with literature values. The principal constituent had potent protective effect on D-GalN-induced QSG7701 cells damage in a dose dependent manner with survival rates of 58.2% and 69.5% at 10 μM and 20 μM, respectively. Its cytoprotective effect was associated with the reduction of ALT, AST, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6 and ROS levels, and the elevation of GSH-PX and SOD productions in QSG7701 cells induced by D-GalN. Western blotting showed that this compound enhanced the expression of Nrf2, HO1, NQO1 and GCLC, and inhibited D-GalN-induced IκBα and NF-κB p65 phosphorylation. CONCLUSIONS Current study showed that SSE treatment exerted a protective effect on ANIT-induced liver injury. The main compound δ-amyrone isolated from the extract was characterized as the effective component with hepatoprotective activity by promoting Nrf2 antioxidant defense and suppressing NF-κB inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Wei Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Xiao-Long Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Qing-Hua Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yong-Biao Jin
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Chun-Tao Ning
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Rui Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jing-Xin Mao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Min Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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Xiao Y, Xin L, Li L, Li G, Shi X, Ji G, Mi J, Xie Y. Quercetin and kaempferol increase the intestinal absorption of isorhamnetin coexisting in Elaeagnus rhamnoides (L.) A. Nelson (Elaeagnaceae) extracts via regulating multidrug resistance-associated protein 2. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 53:154-162. [PMID: 30668394 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Isorhamnetin (IS) is a flavonoid component with many biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer, which is also the main active component in total flavones of Elaeagnus rhamnoides (L.) A. Nelson (Elaeagnaceae) (TFH); however, the interaction between IS and other components in TFH is unclear. PURPOSE The aim of the present study was to investigate the enhancement of quercetin (QU) or kaempferol (KA) on the intestinal absorption of IS coexisting in TFH, and then preliminarily illuminate the related mechanisms. METHODS Firstly, the intestinal absorption of IS in the presence or absence of QU or KA was conducted by in vivo pharmacokinetics model, in situ single-pass intestinal perfusion model (SPIP), and MDCK II-MRP2 monolayer cell model to confirm the enhancement of QU or KA on IS absorption. Secondly, the effects of multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2) inhibitors on the IS intestinal absorption were investigated to ascertain the mediation of MRP2 on IS absorption. Finally, the effects of QU or KA on MRP2 activity, protein expression, and mRNA level were performed by SPIP, everted-gut sacs, western blotting, and real-time polymerase chain reaction experiments to elucidate the related mechanisms. RESULTS QU or KA increased IS intestinal absorption according to the increased AUC0-96h, Cmax, and Peff of IS after co-administrated with QU or KA to rats; the oral absorption of IS was mediated by MRP2 based on the facts that the average plasma concentration, AUC0-96h, and Peff of IS were increased when co-administrated with PR or MK571 (MRP2 inhibitors) as well as the Pratio(BL/AP) of IS was decreased by MK571 in MDCK II-MRP2 cell monolayer; the activity, protein expression, and mRNA level of MRP2 were inhibited or down-regulated by QU or KA because of the increased Peff of MRP2 substrate calcein (CA) and the down-regulated relative protein and mRNA intensity after co-treated with QU or KA. CONCLUSION QU and KA increased the intestinal absorption of IS in TFH by regulating the activity and expression of MRP2, which provides useful information for the investigation of the transporter-mediated interaction of flavonoid components in herbal extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xiao
- Research Center for Health and Nutrition, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Lei Xin
- Research Center for Health and Nutrition, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China; Pharmacy Department, Long Hua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lujia Li
- Pharmacy Department, Shanghai TCM-integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200082, China
| | - Guowen Li
- Pharmacy Department, Shanghai TCM-integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200082, China
| | - Xiufeng Shi
- Pharmacy Department, Long Hua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Guang Ji
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jinxia Mi
- Science and Technology Center, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yan Xie
- Research Center for Health and Nutrition, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Andrographolide impairs alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate-induced cholestatic liver injury in vivo. J Nat Med 2019; 73:388-396. [DOI: 10.1007/s11418-018-01275-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Takitani K, Kishi K, Miyazaki H, Koh M, Tamaki H, Inoue A, Tamai H. Altered Expression of Retinol Metabolism-Related Genes in an ANIT-Induced Cholestasis Rat Model. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113337. [PMID: 30373117 PMCID: PMC6274878 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholestasis is defined as a reduction of bile secretion caused by a dysfunction of bile formation. Insufficient bile secretion into the intestine undermines the formation of micelles, which may result in the reduced absorption of lipids and fat-soluble vitamins. Here, we investigated the retinol homeostasis and the alterations of retinol metabolism-related genes, including β-carotene 15,15′ monooxygenase (BCMO), lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (LRAT), aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), cytochrome P450 26A1 (CYP26A1), and retinoic acid receptors (RAR) β, in a α-naphthyl isothiocyanate (ANIT)-induced cholestasis rat model. Moreover, we examined the expression of the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) target genes. Our results showed that plasma retinol levels were decreased in ANIT rats compared to control rats. On the contrary, hepatic retinol levels were not different between the two groups. The expression of FXR target genes in the liver and intestine of cholestasis model rats was repressed. The BCMO expression was decreased in the liver and increased in the intestine of ANIT rats compared to control rats. Finally, the hepatic expression of LRAT, RARβ, and ALDH1A1 in cholestatic rats was decreased compared to the control rats, while the CYP26A1 expression of the liver was not altered. The increased expression of intestinal BCMO in cholestasis model rats might compensate for decreased circulatory retinol levels. The BCMO expression might be regulated in a tissue-specific manner to maintain the homeostasis of retinol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimitaka Takitani
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical College, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
| | - Kanta Kishi
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical College, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Miyazaki
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical College, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Rosai Hospital, Osaka 591-8025, Japan.
| | - Maki Koh
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical College, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
| | - Hirofumi Tamaki
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical College, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
- Department of Medicine, Shinseikai Daiichi Hospital, Aichi 468-0031, Japan.
| | - Akiko Inoue
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical College, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Tamai
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical College, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
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Zhu GS, Tang LY, Lv DL, Jiang M. Total Flavones of Abelmoschus manihot Exhibits Pro-Angiogenic Activity by Activating the VEGF-A/VEGFR2-PI3K/Akt Signaling Axis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2018; 46:567-583. [PMID: 29595071 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x18500295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a process of new blood vessel formation from pre-existing vessels. Vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) binds to VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR2) and thus activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway play a central role in angiogenesis. Total flavones of Abelmoschus manihot (TFA), the major active component of the traditional Chinese herb Abelmoschus manihot, display novel pro-angiogenic activity. However, little information concerning its underlying mechanism is available. Here we investigate the pro-angiogenesis of TFA with the aim of understanding its mechanism of action. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model were used to evaluate pro-angiogenesis of TFA using cell viability, wounding healing, transwell invasion, tube formation, RT-qPCR and Western blot methods. LY294002, a PI3K inhibitor, was used to interfere with PI3K/Akt pathway signal for assessing the underlying mechanism. Results in vitro indicated TFA obviously promoted HUVECs proliferation, migration, invasion and tube formation. Furthermore, TFA markedly augmented PI3K and Akt phosphorylation and up-regulated VEGF-A and VEGFR2 expression in HUVECs. However, pre-treatment with LY294002 not only markedly attenuated TFA-induced cells proliferation, migration, invasion and tube formation, but also significantly abolished TFA-induced VEGF-A and VEGFR2 over-expression as well as PI3K and Akt phosphorylation. Experiments in CAM model showed TFA significantly promoted the formation of branched blood vessels and was dramatically suppressed by LY294002. Taken together, TFA promoted angiogenesis both in vitro and in vivo which, however, were counteracted by LY294002, suggesting at least in part, TFA exhibits pro-angiogenic activity by activating the VEGF-A/VEGFR2-PI3K/Akt signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Song Zhu
- * Intensive Care Unit, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210001, P. R. China.,† Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, P. R. China
| | - Ling-Yi Tang
- † Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, P. R. China
| | - Dong-Ling Lv
- ‡ Department of Outpatient, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, P. R. China
| | - Meng Jiang
- § Good Clinical Practice, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, P. R. China
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Tang Q, Yang S, Tong J, Li X, Wu J, Wang S, Zhang J, Chen Y, Xu X. Hemostasis and uterine contraction promoting effect of the extract from drugs in the Zi-Yin-Tiao-Jing granule, a traditional Chinese compound preparation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 211:278-284. [PMID: 28964870 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Zi-Yin-Tiao-Jing granule (ZG) is a traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation for perimenopausal dysfunctional uterine bleeding. It is made from 9 Chinese crude drugs based on a modified traditional Chinese prescription recorded in Fu Qingzhu Nvke as Guben Zhibeng Tang. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the hemostasis and uterine contraction promoting effect of quality controlled ZG extract on animals as a preclinical study. MATERIALS AND METHODS ZG extract was quality controlled by determining the contents of asperosaponin Ⅵ and tetrahydroxystilbene glucoside (TSG) with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and the contents of total tannins, total saponins and total flavonoids with ultraviolet spectrophotometry (UV). Bleeding time, clotting time, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and fibrinogen (FIB) content were assayed to test the hemostasis effect of ZG extract on sixty healthy female Kunming mice. In addition, ten healthy female Sprague-Dawley rats were used to test the effect of ZG extract on uterine contractions in vitro with the BL-420 Biological Function Experiment System. RESULTS The ZG extract contained 0.81mgg-1 asperosaponin Ⅵ, 0.15mgg-1 TSG, 1.98mgg-1 total tannins, 1.83mgg-1 total saponins, and 4.09mgg-1 total flavonoids. Compared with placebo, the ZG extract shortened the bleeding time at a dosage of 1.2gkg-1 and 2.4gkg-1, and shortened the clotting time at 0.6gkg-1, 1.2gkg-1 and 2.4gkg-1 in mice (P < 0.01). It also decurtated the APTT at a dosage of 0.6gkg-1 (P < 0.05) and raised the content of FIB in the plasma at a dosage of 2.4gkg-1 (P < 0.05). However, the PT showed no changes after the administration of ZG extract (P > 0.05). In addition, ZG extract at the doses of 1.8mgmL-1, 3.6mgmL-1, and 5.4mgmL-1 increased the amplitude and motoricity of uterine contractions of rats (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) but maintained the frequency as unchanged. CONCLUSIONS The ZG extract was quality controllable by assaying for asperosaponin Ⅵ, TSG, total tannins, total saponins and total flavonoids. It could promote the hemostasis of mice in vivo, as well as the uterine contractions of rats in vitro. Therefore, it may be a promising preparation for clinical treatment of perimenopausal dysfunctional uterine bleeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Tang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Sheng Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jie Tong
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xu Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Junjie Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Senhong Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Liangjiang medicine Co., Ltd., Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Jifen Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening from Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 400715, China; Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, The Key Discipline Constructed by the State Administrative of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yi Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening from Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 400715, China; Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, The Key Discipline Constructed by the State Administrative of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xiaoyu Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening from Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 400715, China; Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, The Key Discipline Constructed by the State Administrative of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 400715, China.
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He QS, Zhang L, Fan ZY, Feng G, Wang FJ, Liu ZQ, Tang T, Kuang SX. RETRACTED: Protective effects of total flavonoids in Caragana against hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced injury in human brain microvascular endothelial cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 89:316-322. [PMID: 28236705 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.01.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Revised: 12/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy). This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief. An Expression of Concern for this article was previously published while an investigation was conducted (see related editorial: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113812). This retraction notice supersedes the Expression of Concern published earlier. Concern was raised about the reliability of the Transwell assay images shown in Figure 4A, which appear to contain similar features to those found in other publications, as detailed here: https://pubpeer.com/publications/FE1B7461C358F48E6838BF1622C291; and here: https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1r0MyIYpagBc58BRF9c3luWNlCX8VUvUuPyYYXzxWvgY/edit#gid=262337249. An additional suspected image duplication within Figure 5A was also identified. The journal requested the corresponding author comment on these concerns and provide the associated raw data. The authors did not respond to this request and therefore the Editor-in-Chief decided to retract the article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Song He
- Guiyang College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
| | - Li Zhang
- The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, PR China
| | - Zi-Yuan Fan
- Guiyang College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
| | - Guo Feng
- Guiyang College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
| | - Fu-Jiang Wang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, PR China
| | - Zheng-Qi Liu
- Guiyang College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
| | - Ting Tang
- Guiyang College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
| | - Shi-Xiang Kuang
- Guiyang College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, PR China.
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Bai L, Cui X, Cheng N, Cao W, Wu Y, Guo S, Zhang L, Ho CT, Bai N. Hepatoprotective standardized EtOH-water extract of the leaves of Ziziphus jujuba. Food Funct 2017; 8:816-822. [PMID: 28124048 DOI: 10.1039/c6fo01690a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The hepatoprotective activity of the EtOH-water extract of Ziziphus jujuba leaves was evaluated against CCl4-induced hepatic damage in mice. The EtOH-water extract significantly alleviated liver damage as indicated by the decreased levels of serum ALT and AST and the decreased MDA content, the increased levels of SOD, GSH and GSH-Px, and the reduced pathological tissue injury induced by CCl4. A quantitative analysis of fifteen major constituents (1-15) of the EtOH-water extract of the leaves of Z. jujuba was conducted by HPLC-DAD. Based on our research results, it can be concluded that the EtOH-water extract of the leaves of Z. jujuba is efficacious for prevention and treatment of CCl4-induced hepatic injury in mice. Flavonoids might be the active ingredients responsible for the biological and pharmacological activities towards hepatoprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Bai
- College of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Taibai North Road 229, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China 710069.
| | - Xueqin Cui
- College of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Taibai North Road 229, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China 710069.
| | - Ni Cheng
- College of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Taibai North Road 229, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China 710069.
| | - Wei Cao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Taibai North Road 229, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China 710069.
| | - Yong Wu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Taibai North Road 229, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China 710069.
| | - Sen Guo
- College of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Taibai North Road 229, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China 710069.
| | - Li Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Taibai North Road 229, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China 710069.
| | - Chi-Tang Ho
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, 65 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, USA
| | - Naisheng Bai
- College of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Taibai North Road 229, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China 710069.
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Cao WR, Ge JQ, Xie X, Fan ML, Fan XD, Wang H, Dong ZY, Liao ZH, Lan XZ, Chen M. Protective effects of petroleum ether extracts of Herpetospermum caudigerum against α-naphthylisothiocyanate-induced acute cholestasis of rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 198:139-147. [PMID: 28065777 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The ripe seeds of Herpetospermum caudigerum have been used in Tibetan folk medicine for treatment of bile or liver diseases including jaundice, hepatitis, intumescences or inflammation. Previously reports suggested that the seed oil and some lignans from H. caudigerum exhibited protective effects against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatic damage in rats, which may be related to their free radical scavenging effect. However, the protective effect of H. caudigerum against cholestasis is still not revealed. The aim of the present study was to investigate the pharmacological effect and the chemical constituents of the petroleum ether extract (PEE) derived from H. caudigerum against α-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT)-induced acute cholestasis in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male cholestatic Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats induced by ANIT (60mg/kg) were orally administered with PEE (350, 700 and 1400mg/kg). Levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), γ-Glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GTP), total bilirubin (TBIL), direct bilirubin (DBIL) and total bile acid (TBA), as well as bile flow, and histopathological assay were evaluated. Hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and nitric monoxide (NO) in liver were measured to explore the possible protective mechanisms. Phytochemical analysis of PEE was performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS). RESULTS PEE have exhibited significant and dose-dependent protective effect on ANIT-induced liver injury by reduce the increases in serum levels of ALT, AST, ALP, γ-GTP, TBIL, DBIL and TBA, restore the bile flow in cholestatic rats, and reduce the severity of the pathological tissue damage induced by ANIT. Hepatic MDA, MPO and NO contents in liver tissue were reduced, while SOD and GST activities were elevated in liver tissue. 49 compounds were detected and 39 of them were identified by GC-MS analysis, in which long-chain fatty acids were the main constituents. CONCLUSIONS PEE exhibited a dose-dependently protective effect on ANIT-induced liver injury in cholestatic rats with the potential mechanism of attenuated oxidative stress in the liver tissue, and the possible active compounds were long-chain fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Rui Cao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory on Luminescence and Real-Time Analysis (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China; TAAHC-SWU Medicinal Plant R&D Center, XiZang Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Nyingchi, Tibet 860000, PR China
| | - Jing-Qiu Ge
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory on Luminescence and Real-Time Analysis (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China; TAAHC-SWU Medicinal Plant R&D Center, XiZang Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Nyingchi, Tibet 860000, PR China
| | - Xin Xie
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory on Luminescence and Real-Time Analysis (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China; TAAHC-SWU Medicinal Plant R&D Center, XiZang Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Nyingchi, Tibet 860000, PR China
| | - Meng-Lin Fan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory on Luminescence and Real-Time Analysis (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China; TAAHC-SWU Medicinal Plant R&D Center, XiZang Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Nyingchi, Tibet 860000, PR China
| | - Xu-Dong Fan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory on Luminescence and Real-Time Analysis (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China; TAAHC-SWU Medicinal Plant R&D Center, XiZang Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Nyingchi, Tibet 860000, PR China
| | - Hong Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory on Luminescence and Real-Time Analysis (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China; TAAHC-SWU Medicinal Plant R&D Center, XiZang Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Nyingchi, Tibet 860000, PR China
| | - Zhao-Yue Dong
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory on Luminescence and Real-Time Analysis (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China; TAAHC-SWU Medicinal Plant R&D Center, XiZang Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Nyingchi, Tibet 860000, PR China
| | - Zhi-Hua Liao
- School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China; TAAHC-SWU Medicinal Plant R&D Center, XiZang Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Nyingchi, Tibet 860000, PR China
| | - Xiao-Zhong Lan
- School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China; TAAHC-SWU Medicinal Plant R&D Center, XiZang Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Nyingchi, Tibet 860000, PR China
| | - Min Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory on Luminescence and Real-Time Analysis (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China; TAAHC-SWU Medicinal Plant R&D Center, XiZang Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Nyingchi, Tibet 860000, PR China.
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Zhao Y, He X, Ma X, Wen J, Li P, Wang J, Li R, Zhu Y, Wei S, Li H, Zhou X, Li K, Liu H, Xiao X. Paeoniflorin ameliorates cholestasis via regulating hepatic transporters and suppressing inflammation in ANIT-fed rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 89:61-68. [PMID: 28214689 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Paeoniflorin has shown the obvious effect on cholestasis according to our previous research. However, its mechanism has not been absolutely explored yet. This study aims at evaluating the potential effect of paeoniflorin on alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT) -induced cholestasis by inhibiting nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) and simultaneously regulating hepatocyte transporters. Cholestasis was induced by administration of ANIT. The effect of paeoniflorin on serum indices such as total bilirubin (TBIL), direct bilirubin (DBIL), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (γ-GT), total bile acid (TBA) and histopathology of liver were determined. Liver protein levels of NF-κB, interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and the hepatocyte transporters such as Na+/taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP), bile salt export pump (BSEP), multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2) and cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (Cyp7a1) were investigated by western blotting. The results demonstrated that paeoniflorin could decrease serum ALT, AST, ALP, γ-GT, TBIL, DBIL and TBA in ANIT-treated rats. Histological examination revealed that rats treated with paeoniflorin represented fewer neutrophils infiltration, edema and necrosis in liver tissue compared with ANIT rats. Moreover, paeoniflorin significantly reduced the over expressions of NF-κB and IL-1β induced by ANIT in liver tissue. In addition, the relative protein expressions of NTCP, BSEP, MRP2 but not Cyp7a1 were also restored by paeoniflorin. The potential mechanism of paeoniflorin in alleviating ANIT-induced cholestasis seems to be related to reduce the over expressions of NF-κB and hepatocyte transporters such as NTCP, BSEP as well as MRP2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, 302 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xuan He
- Department of Pharmacy, Xindu District Shibantan Public Hospital, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Ma
- Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu,People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxia Wen
- Department of Pharmacy, 302 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu,People's Republic of China
| | - Pengyan Li
- Department of Pharmacy, 302 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiabo Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, 302 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruisheng Li
- Department of Pharmacy, 302 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, 302 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shizhang Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, 302 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Haotian Li
- Department of Pharmacy, 302 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuelin Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, 302 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Li
- Department of Pharmacy, 302 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Honghong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, 302 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohe Xiao
- Department of Pharmacy, 302 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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Yang QL, Yang F, Gong JT, Tang XW, Wang GY, Wang ZT, Yang L. Sweroside ameliorates α-naphthylisothiocyanate-induced cholestatic liver injury in mice by regulating bile acids and suppressing pro-inflammatory responses. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2016; 37:1218-28. [PMID: 27498779 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2016.86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Sweroside is an iridoid glycoside with diverse biological activities. In the present study we investigated the effects of sweroside on α-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT)-induced cholestatic liver injury in mice. METHODS Mice received sweroside (120 mg·kg(-1)·d(-1), ig) or a positive control INT-747 (12 mg·kg(-1)·d(-1), ig) for 5 d, and ANIT (75 mg/kg, ig) was administered on d 3. The mice were euthanized on d 5, and serum biochemical markers, hepatic bile acids and histological changes were analyzed. Hepatic expression of genes related to pro-inflammatory mediators and bile acid metabolism was also assessed. Primary mouse hepatocytes were exposed to a reconstituted mixture of hepatic bile acids, which were markedly elevated in the ANIT-treated mice, and the cell viability and expression of genes related to pro-inflammatory mediators were examined. RESULTS Administration of sweroside or INT-747 effectively ameliorated ANIT-induced cholestatic liver injury in mice, as evidenced by significantly reduced serum biochemical markers and attenuated pathological changes in liver tissues. Furthermore, administration of sweroside or INT-747 significantly decreased ANIT-induced elevation of individual hepatic bile acids, such as β-MCA, CA, and TCA, which were related to its effects on the expression of genes responsible for bile acid synthesis and transport as well as pro-inflammatory responses. Treatment of mouse hepatocytes with the reconstituted bile acid mixture induced significant pro-inflammatory responses without affecting the cell viability. CONCLUSION Sweroside attenuates ANIT-induced cholestatic liver injury in mice by restoring bile acid synthesis and transport to their normal levels, as well as suppressing pro-inflammatory responses.
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Wu T, Zhang Q, Li J, Chen H, Wu J, Song H. Up-regulation of BSEP and MRP2 by Calculus Bovis administration in 17α-ethynylestradiol-induced cholestasis: Involvement of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 190:22-32. [PMID: 27237619 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.05.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY RELEVANCE Calculus Bovis, also known as Niuhuang, is a rare traditional Chinese medicine that has been widely used in China for 2000 years in pharmacology for sedation, anti-spasm, relieving fever, diminishing inflammation and recovering gallbladder functions. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the choleretic potential and molecular responses in rats to Calculus Bovis (CB) administration after 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE)-induced cholestasis. MATERIAL AND METHODS CB (50 and 100mg/kg per day) was intragastrically (i. g.) given to experimental rats for five consecutive days in coadministration with EE (5mg/kg daily for five days, s.c.). The levels of serum biomarkers were determined biochemically. The histopathology of the liver tissue was evaluated. Expression of bile salt export pump (BSEP) and multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2) were studied by western blot and immunohistochemical assay. The expression of Akt and phospho-Akt (pAkt) were also measured by western blot. RESULTS In response to EE, CB treatment significantly prevented an increase in serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma glutamyltransferase (GGT) and total bilirubin (TBIL). CB treatment also repaired tissue lesions caused by EE. Western blots showed that EE significantly decreased the protein expression of BSEP and MRP2. EE also dramatically increased levels of pAkt and decreased levels of Akt. Compared to the EE group, CB treatment increased levels of hepatic BSEP and MRP2 while pAkt levels decreased and Akt levels increased. Immunohistochemistry also indicated that EE decreased the expression of BSEP and MRP2. LY294002 is a selective PI3K inhibitor and showed similar beneficial effects as CB. Decreased expression of BSEP and MRP2 caused by EE were also prevented by LY294002 treatment. CONCLUSION Calculus Bovis administration can alleviate liver injury and up-regulate the expression of BSEP and MRP2 in 17α-ethynylestradiol-induced cholestasis by a mechanism that may involve inhibiting the activated PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Qianrui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of the Yangtze River Shipping, Wuha 430022, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fifth Hospital of Huangshi City, Huangshi 435005, China
| | - Ji Wu
- Department of Medicine, City College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430083, China
| | - Hongping Song
- Department of Pharmacy, Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
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Du LY, Tao JH, Jiang S, Qian DW, Guo JM, Duan JA. Metabolic profiles of the Flos Abelmoschus manihot extract by intestinal bacteria from the normal and CKD model rats based on UPLC-Q-TOF/MS. Biomed Chromatogr 2016; 31. [PMID: 27451133 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Flos Abelmoschus manihot is a traditional herbal medicine widely used in clinical practice to tackle chronic kidney disease (CKD) for thousands of years. Nowadays, many studies indicate that gut bacteria are closely related to the progression of CKD and CKD-related complications. In this study, a UPLC-Q-TOF/MS method coupled with the MetaboLynx™ software was established and successfully applied to investigate the metabolites and metabolic profile of Flos A. manihot extract by intestinal bacteria from normal and CKD rats. Eight parent components and eight metabolites were characterized by their protonated ions. Among these compounds, 15 were detected in the two group samples while M16 was only determined in the CKD model samples. Compared with the quercetin-type glycosides, fewer myricetin-type and gossypetin-type metabolites were obtained in the two group samples. These metabolites suggested that deglycosylation and methylation are the major metabolic pathways of Flos A. manihot extract. Few differences of metabolite classes were observed in the two group samples. However, the concentrations of aglycones such as quercetin, myricetin and gossypetin in the normal samples were notably higher than those in the CKD model samples. The results are important in unravelling the pharmacological effects of A. manihot and clarifying its mechanism of action in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le-Yue Du
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Hua Tao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu Jiang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Da-Wei Qian
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Ming Guo
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
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Wu H, Qiu Y, Shu Z, Zhang X, Li R, Liu S, Chen L, Liu H, Chen N. Protective effect of Trillium tschonoskii saponin on CCl 4-induced acute liver injury of rats through apoptosis inhibition. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2016; 94:1291-1297. [PMID: 27598942 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2016-0228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
To explore hepatoprotective role and underlying mechanisms of Trillium tschonoskii Maxim (TTM), 36 rats were randomly divided into control, CCl4-induced liver injury model, and biphenyl dimethyl dicarboxylate (DDB) and low-, moderate-, and high-dose TTM treatment groups. After CCl4-induced model establishment, the rats from DDB and TTM groups were administrated with DDB at 0.2 g/kg per day and TTM at 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 g/kg per day, while the rats from control and model groups were administrated with saline. After 5 days of treatments, all rats were sacrificed for determining serum ALT and AST levels and liver index, examining histopathological changes in liver through HE and TUNEL staining, and evaluating TNF-α and IL-6 mRNA expression by real-time PCR, and caspase-3, Bcl-2, and Bax expression by Western blot. Results indicated that CCl4 could induce acute liver injury and abnormal liver function in rats with obvious hepatomegaly, increased liver index, high ALT and AST levels, up-regulated TNF-α and IL-6, and overexpressed Bax and caspase-3. However, DDB and TTM could execute protective role in CCl4-induced liver injury in rats through reducing ALT and AST levels, rescuing hepatomegaly, down-regulating inflammatory factors and inhibiting hepatocyte apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Therefore, TTM has obvious protective role in CCl4-induced liver injury of rats through inhibiting hepatocyte apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- a College of Science and Technology of Hubei University for Nationalities, Enshi 445000, China.,b College of Medicine, Hubei University for Nationalities, Enshi 445000, China
| | - Yong Qiu
- b College of Medicine, Hubei University for Nationalities, Enshi 445000, China
| | - Ziyang Shu
- c Hubei Key Laboratory of Sport Training and Monitoring, College of Health Science, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- c Hubei Key Laboratory of Sport Training and Monitoring, College of Health Science, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Renpeng Li
- a College of Science and Technology of Hubei University for Nationalities, Enshi 445000, China
| | - Su Liu
- d Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University for Nationalities, Enshi 445000, China
| | - Longquan Chen
- b College of Medicine, Hubei University for Nationalities, Enshi 445000, China
| | - Hong Liu
- b College of Medicine, Hubei University for Nationalities, Enshi 445000, China
| | - Ning Chen
- c Hubei Key Laboratory of Sport Training and Monitoring, College of Health Science, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan 430079, China
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Chen H, Huang X, Min J, Li W, Zhang R, Zhao W, Liu C, Yi L, Mi S, Wang N, Wang Q, Zhu C. Geniposidic acid protected against ANIT-induced hepatotoxity and acute intrahepatic cholestasis, due to Fxr-mediated regulation of Bsep and Mrp2. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 179:197-207. [PMID: 26723467 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Revised: 12/12/2015] [Accepted: 12/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Geniposidic acid (GPA) is the main constituent of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (Rubiaceae), which has long been used to treat inflammation, jaundice and hepatic disorders. The cholagogic effect of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (Rubiaceae) and GPA have been widely reported, but the underlying occurrence mechanism remains unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY This investigation was designed to evaluate the hepatoprotection effect and potential mechanisms of GPA derived from Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (Rubiaceae) on fighting against α-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT) caused liver injury with acute intrahepatic cholestasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were intragastrically (i.g.) administered with the GPA (100, 50 and 25mg/kg B.W. every 24h) for seven consecutive days, and then they were treated with ANIT (i.g. 65mg/kg once in the 5th day) which induced liver injury with acute intrahepatic cholestasis. Serum and bile biochemical analysis, bile flow rate and liver histopathology were measured to evaluate the protective effect of GPA fight against ANIT treatment. The protein and mRNA expression levels of farnesoid X receptor (Fxr), bile-salt export pump (Bsep), multidrug resistance associated protein2 (Mrp2), were evaluated to study the effect of liver protection about GPA against ANIT induced hepatotoxicity and underlying mechanisms. RESULTS Some abnormalities were observed on ANIT treated rats including weight loss, reduced food intake and hair turned yellow. Obtained results demonstrated that at dose 100 and 50mg/kg B.W. (P<0.01) and 25mg/kg B.W. (P<0.05) of GPA pretreated dramatically prevented ANIT induced decreased in bile flow rate. Compared with ANIT treated group, the results of bile biochemical parameters about total bile acid (TBA) was increased by GPA at groups with any dose (P<0.01), glutathione (GSH) was increased significantly at high dose (P<0.01) and medium dose (P<0.05), total bilirubin (TB) was increased at high and medium dose (P<0.05), direct bilirubin (DB) was only increased at high dose (P<0.01). Serum levels of glutamic-Oxalacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (γ-GT), TB, DB and TBA in comparison with ANIT treated group (P<0.01) were reduced by GPA (between 100 and 50mg/kg B.W.) pretreatment. Histopathology of the liver tissue showed that pathological damages and hepatic portal area filled with bile were relieved after GPA pretreatment compared with ANIT treated group. The protein and mRNA expression of Fxr, Bsep and Mrp2 were decreased in ANIT treated group. On the contrary, the protein and mRNA of Fxr, Bsep and Mrp2 were up regulated significantly pretreatment by GPA at dose of high and medium groups. On protein level of Bsep and Mrp2 the result shown no statistical difference in GPA (25mg/kg B.W.), but it was not same shown in mRNA level. CONCLUSION The results of this investigation have demonstrated that the GPA exerts a dose dependent hepatoprotection effect on ANIT induced liver damage with acute intrahepatic cholestasis in rats, which may due to Fxr mediated regulation of bile transporters like Bsep and Mrp2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology Biochemical Pharmacology Laboratory Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Jichang Road 12, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Xiaotao Huang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology Biochemical Pharmacology Laboratory Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Jichang Road 12, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Jianbin Min
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology Biochemical Pharmacology Laboratory Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Jichang Road 12, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Weirong Li
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology Biochemical Pharmacology Laboratory Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Jichang Road 12, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology Biochemical Pharmacology Laboratory Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Jichang Road 12, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology Biochemical Pharmacology Laboratory Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Jichang Road 12, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, PR China.
| | - Changhui Liu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology Biochemical Pharmacology Laboratory Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Jichang Road 12, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, PR China.
| | - Lang Yi
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology Biochemical Pharmacology Laboratory Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Jichang Road 12, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Suiqing Mi
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology Biochemical Pharmacology Laboratory Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Jichang Road 12, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Ningsheng Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology Biochemical Pharmacology Laboratory Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Jichang Road 12, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Qi Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology Biochemical Pharmacology Laboratory Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Jichang Road 12, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Chenchen Zhu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology Biochemical Pharmacology Laboratory Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Jichang Road 12, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, PR China
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