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Sonkar AB, Verma A, Yadav S, Singh J, Kumar R, Keshari AK, Kumar A, Kumar D, Shrivastava NK, Rani S, Rastogi S, Alamoudi MK, Nazam Ansari M, Saeedan AS, Kaithwas G, Saha S. Antiproliferative, apoptotic and anti-inflammatory potential of 5H-benzo[h]thiazolo[2,3-b]quinazoline analogues: Novel series of anticancer compounds. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 137:112496. [PMID: 38901240 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) is the most common cancer in males. As per GLOBOCAN 2020, 8.1 % of deaths and 5.9 % of cases of LC were reported in India. Our laboratory has previously reported the significant anticancer potential of 5H-benzo[h]thiazolo[2,3-b]quinazoline analogues. In this study, we have explored the anticancer potential of 7A {4-(6,7-dihydro-5H-benzo[h]thiazolo[2,3-b]quinazolin-7-yl)phenol} and 9A {7-(4-chlorophenyl)-9-methyl-6,7-dihydro-5H-benzo[h]thiazolo[2,3-b]quinazoline}by using in-vitro and in-vivo models of LC. In this study, we investigated the antiproliferative potential of quinazoline analogues using A549 cell line to identify the best compound of the series. The in-vitro and molecular docking studies revealed 7A and 9A compounds as potential analogues. We also performed acute toxicity study to determine the dose. After that, in-vivo studies using urethane-induced LC in male albino Wistar rats carried out further physiological, biochemical, and morphological evaluation (SEM and H&E) of the lung tissue. We have also evaluated the antioxidant level, inflammatory, and apoptotic marker expressions. 7A and 9A did not demonstrate any signs of acute toxicity. Animals treated with urethane showed a significant upregulation of oxidative stress. However, treatment with 7A and 9A restored antioxidant markers near-normal levels. SEM and H&E staining of the lung tissue demonstrated recovered architecture after treatment with 7A and 9A. Both analogues significantly restore inflammatory markers to normal level and upregulate the intrinsic apoptosis protein expression in the lung tissue. These experimental findings demonstrated the antiproliferative potential of the synthetic analogues 7A and 9A, potentially due to their anti-inflammatory and apoptotic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana Bharti Sonkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226 025, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abhishek Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226 025, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sneha Yadav
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226 025, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jyoti Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226 025, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rohit Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226 025, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amit K Keshari
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Lucknow Campus, Lucknow 226028, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anurag Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226 025, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226 025, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Neeraj Kumar Shrivastava
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226 025, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Soniya Rani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226 025, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shubham Rastogi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226 025, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mariam K Alamoudi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Nazam Ansari
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz S Saeedan
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaurav Kaithwas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226 025, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Sudipta Saha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226 025, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Aryal D, Joshi S, Thapa NK, Chaudhary P, Basaula S, Joshi U, Bhandari D, Rogers HM, Bhattarai S, Sharma KR, Regmi BP, Parajuli N. Dietary phenolic compounds as promising therapeutic agents for diabetes and its complications: A comprehensive review. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:3025-3045. [PMID: 38726403 PMCID: PMC11077226 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In the middle of an ever-changing landscape of diabetes care, precision medicine, and lifestyle therapies are becoming increasingly important. Dietary polyphenols are like hidden allies found in our everyday meals. These biomolecules, found commonly in fruits, vegetables, and various plant-based sources, hold revolutionary potential within their molecular structure in the way we approach diabetes and its intimidating consequences. There are currently numerous types of diabetes medications, but they are not appropriate for all patients due to limitations in dosages, side effects, drug resistance, a lack of efficacy, and ethnicity. Currently, there has been increased interest in practicing herbal remedies to manage diabetes and its related complications. This article aims to summarize the potential of dietary polyphenols as a foundation in the treatment of diabetes and its associated consequences. We found that most polyphenols inhibit enzymes linked to diabetes. This review outlines the potential benefits of selected molecules, including kaempferol, catechins, rosmarinic acid, apigenin, chlorogenic acid, and caffeic acid, in managing diabetes mellitus as these compounds have exhibited promising results in in vitro, in vivo, in silico, and some preclinical trials study. This encompassing exploration reveals the multifaceted impact of polyphenols not only in mitigating diabetes but also in addressing associated conditions like inflammation, obesity, and even cancer. Their mechanisms involve antioxidant functions, immune modulation, and proinflammatory enzyme regulation. Furthermore, these molecules exhibit anti-tumor activities, influence cellular pathways, and activate AMPK pathways, offering a less toxic, cost-effective, and sustainable approach to addressing diabetes and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipa Aryal
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of ChemistryTribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal
| | - Soniya Joshi
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of ChemistryTribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal
| | - Nabin Kumar Thapa
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of ChemistryTribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal
| | - Pratiksha Chaudhary
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of ChemistryTribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal
| | - Sirjana Basaula
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of ChemistryTribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal
| | - Usha Joshi
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of ChemistryTribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal
| | - Damodar Bhandari
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of ChemistryTribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal
| | - Hannah M. Rogers
- Department of ChemistryFlorida Agricultural and Mechanical UniversityTallahasseeFloridaUSA
| | | | - Khaga Raj Sharma
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of ChemistryTribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal
| | - Bishnu P. Regmi
- Department of ChemistryFlorida Agricultural and Mechanical UniversityTallahasseeFloridaUSA
| | - Niranjan Parajuli
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of ChemistryTribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal
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Febriyanti RM, Levita J, Diantini A. Immunomodulatory Role of Plants and Their Constituents on the Management of Metabolic Disorders: An Evidence-Based Review. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:513-534. [PMID: 38415194 PMCID: PMC10898480 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s442566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The relationship between the immune system and metabolic diseases is complex and increasingly recognized as critical to understanding conditions like obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Modulation of the immune system in patients with metabolic disorders can offer several potential benefits. While the salutary impact of plant-derived bioactive compounds on metabolic and immune functions is acknowledged, there is a paucity of comprehensive reviews on the multifaceted and synergistic mechanisms through which these effects are mediated. This review elucidates the therapeutic potential of phytochemical formulations in ameliorating metabolic disorders and delineates their mechanistic implications on relevant biomarkers and immune modulation. Our analysis reveals a predominance of plant species, including Boswellia serrata, Cinnamomum cassia, Citrus bergamia, Coffea arabica, Ficus racemosa, Momordica charantia, Morus Alba, and Trigonella foenum-graecum, that have undergone clinical evaluation and have been substantiated to confer both metabolic and immunological benefits. The phytoconstituents contained in these plants exert their effects through a range of mechanisms, such as improving glucose regulation, reducing inflammatory responses, and modulating immune system. As such, these findings hold considerable promise for clinical and therapeutic translation and necessitate further empirical validation through randomized controlled trials and mechanistic elucidations to affirm the safety and efficacy of herbal formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raden Maya Febriyanti
- Department of Biology Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang, West Java, 46363, Indonesia
| | - Jutti Levita
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang, West Java, 46363, Indonesia
| | - Ajeng Diantini
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang, West Java, 46363, Indonesia
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Sun X, Deng H, Shan B, Shan Y, Huang J, Feng X, Tang X, Ge Y, Liao P, Yang Q. Flavonoids contribute most to discriminating aged Guang Chenpi ( Citrus reticulata 'Chachi') by spectrum-effect relationship analysis between LC-Q-Orbitrap/MS fingerprint and ameliorating spleen deficiency activity. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:7039-7060. [PMID: 37970411 PMCID: PMC10630847 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
To further explore the mechanism of "the longer storage time, the better bioactivity" of aged Guang Chenpi, the dry pericarp of Citrus reticulata 'Chachi' (CRC), a series of activity assessments were performed on spleen deficiency mice. The constituents in CRC with different storage years were analyzed by LC-Q-Orbitrap/MS. A total of 53 compounds were identified, and CRC stored for more than 5 years showed higher flavonoid content, especially that of polymethoxyflavones. Anti-spleen deficiency bioactivity analysis among various CRC with different storage years showed aged CRC (stored for more than 3 years) could significantly alleviate fatigue and depression behaviors much better, increase D-xylose and gastrin secretion, and upregulate the expression of the linking protein occludin in the colon walls. Results from 16S rDNA sequencing showed that aged CRC could downregulate the abundance of Enterococcus, Gemmata, Citrobacter, Escherichia_Shigella, and Klebsiella, which were significantly overrepresented in the model group. Bacteroides, Muribaculum, Alloprevotella, Paraprevotella, Alistipes, Eisenbergiella, and Colidextribacter were downregulated in the model group but enriched in the CRC groups. At last, the spectrum-effect relationship analysis indicated that flavonoids such as citrusin III, homoeriodictyol, hesperidin, nobiletin, and isosinensetin in aged CRC showed the highest correlation with better activity in ameliorating spleen deficiency by regulating gut microbiota. Flavonoids contribute most to discriminating aged CRC and could disclose the basis of "the longer storage time, the better bioactivity" of aged Guang Chenpi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Sun
- School of PharmacyGuangdong Pharmaceutical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Production & Development of Cantonese Medicinal MaterialsState Administration of Traditional Chinese MedicineGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center on Good Agricultural Practice & Comprehensive Agricultural Development Engineering Technology of Cantonese Medicinal MaterialsGuangzhouChina
- Comprehensive Experimental Station of GuangzhouChinese Material Medica, China Agriculture Research System (CARS‐21‐16)GuangzhouChina
| | - Haidan Deng
- School of Traditional Chinese MedicineGuangdong Pharmaceutical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Baojun Shan
- School of Traditional Chinese MedicineGuangdong Pharmaceutical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yunqi Shan
- School of PharmacyGuangdong Pharmaceutical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jiaying Huang
- School of PharmacyGuangdong Pharmaceutical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xinshu Feng
- School of PharmacyGuangdong Pharmaceutical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiaomin Tang
- Key Laboratory of Production & Development of Cantonese Medicinal MaterialsState Administration of Traditional Chinese MedicineGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center on Good Agricultural Practice & Comprehensive Agricultural Development Engineering Technology of Cantonese Medicinal MaterialsGuangzhouChina
- Comprehensive Experimental Station of GuangzhouChinese Material Medica, China Agriculture Research System (CARS‐21‐16)GuangzhouChina
- School of Traditional Chinese MedicineGuangdong Pharmaceutical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yuewei Ge
- School of Traditional Chinese MedicineGuangdong Pharmaceutical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Peiran Liao
- Key Laboratory of Production & Development of Cantonese Medicinal MaterialsState Administration of Traditional Chinese MedicineGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center on Good Agricultural Practice & Comprehensive Agricultural Development Engineering Technology of Cantonese Medicinal MaterialsGuangzhouChina
- Comprehensive Experimental Station of GuangzhouChinese Material Medica, China Agriculture Research System (CARS‐21‐16)GuangzhouChina
- School of Traditional Chinese MedicineGuangdong Pharmaceutical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Quan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Production & Development of Cantonese Medicinal MaterialsState Administration of Traditional Chinese MedicineGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center on Good Agricultural Practice & Comprehensive Agricultural Development Engineering Technology of Cantonese Medicinal MaterialsGuangzhouChina
- Comprehensive Experimental Station of GuangzhouChinese Material Medica, China Agriculture Research System (CARS‐21‐16)GuangzhouChina
- School of Traditional Chinese MedicineGuangdong Pharmaceutical UniversityGuangzhouChina
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Joshi DD, Deb L, Somkuwar BG, Rana VS. Potential use of barks of woody vascular plants in bone mending: A review. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:101714. [PMID: 37559869 PMCID: PMC10406872 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.101714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of synthetic drugs to overcome bone ailments causes severe side effects, but the application of herbals is helpful in maintaining bone health and accelerating bone mending. Currently, there is no oral allopathic medicine to hasten bone healing, though folk and traditional practices have adopted herbal to fasten the recovery from bone ailments. Earliest recovery is a universally desired phenomenon, especially for elderly people where many more cases of traumatic injuries are common along the compromised body immunity. The computerized database search engines, such as Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Springer Link, etc., and textbooks were used to collect all relevant information about barks for bone mending activity published from 1990 onwards using certain keywords such as bark, folklore/ traditional bone healing practices, and phytopharmacology. The results obtained were compiled to make this review and related information is tabulated herewith. Traditional herbal bone healing exists in every society in the world. The plant barks of a few species (e.g., Ficus religiosa, Prunus cerasoides, Terminalia arjuna, etc.) have outstanding significance for bone healing because of their special chemical composition and novel properties to reduce swelling, pain, soreness, and speedy recovery of functions. Mostly bark extracts are rich in polyphenols, and minerals, represented with antioxidant, immunostimulatory, antibacterial properties, etc. There is a diversity of bark utilization for bone healing from different plant species, globally, of which only a few have been phytopharmacologically deciphered. Validated bark ingredients as medicine or food supplements are more useful due to the least side effects. Entrepreneurs have a scope to use bioactive obtained from plant barks that have not been scientifically screened till now. The research focused on the commercial application of plant barks as green medicine needs fingerprints of bioactive and clinically validated data including the concentration of biomarkers in the blood (IC50) for reducing the healing period. Phytopharmacological screening of barks used in folk medicine and synthesizing the therapeutics at mega quantities in industries is an array of hopes for sustainable utilization of natural resources. The bio-stimulating knowledge of certain herbal ingredients will be helpful in the development of synergistic formulations for rapid bone mending.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devi Datt Joshi
- Amity Food and Agriculture Foundation, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201313, UP, India
- Amity Herbal Consortium, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201313, UP, India
| | - Lokesh Deb
- Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development (IBSD)-Regional Centre, Sikkim, 5th Mile, Tadong, Gangtok-737102, Sikkim, India
| | - Bharat G. Somkuwar
- Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Node Mizoram, A-1, C/o P. Lalthangzauva Building, Chawnga Road, Nursery Veng, Aizawl, 796005, Mizoram, India
| | - Virendra Singh Rana
- Division of Agricultural Chemicals, Indian Agricultural Research Institute (ICAR), Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110 012. India
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Manya Mboni H, Faes M, Fraselle S, Compaoré M, Salvius BA, Joseph KB, Duez P, Jean-Baptiste LS, Stévigny C. Evaluating phytochemical constituents and in-vitro antiplasmodial and antioxidant activities of Fadogiella stigmatoloba, Hygrophylla auriculata, Hylodesmum repandum, and Porphyrostemma chevalieri extracts. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20103. [PMID: 37809863 PMCID: PMC10559859 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Fadogiella stigmatoloba, Hygrophylla auriculata, Hylodesmum repandum and Porphyrostemma chevalieri are used against malaria in traditional medicine in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). To evaluate their potential in the treatment of this disease, the in vitro antiplasmodial property of these four plants was evaluated. All experiments were conducted on methanolic extracts performed on selected organ parts of these plants. Methods The methanolic extracts, obtained by maceration, were firstly screened in vitro against the chloroquine sensitive (3D7) and resistant (W2) Plasmodium falciparum strains by the measurement of lactate dehydrogenase activity, and on human keratinocytes (HaCat) cells by the MTT assay to determine their selectivity indices (SI). Secondly, the antioxidant activity of the same extracts was evaluated using DPPH and FRAP assays. Finally, the presence of specific phytochemical constituents was evaluated using standard methods and tentatively identified by GC-MS. Results An optimum antiplasmodial activity (IC50 = 3.4 ± 0.7 μg/mL, for 3D7, SI = 58.2; IC50 = 7 ± 1.0 μg/mL, for W2, SI = 28.3) was obtained with the leave extract of P. chevalieri. The leaves (for F. stigmatoloba and H. repandum), and the aerial part (for H. repandum) extracts showed promising and moderate antiplasmodial activities against respectively the 3D7 strain (IC50: <15 μg/mL), and W2 strain (IC50:15-50 μg/mL). All extracts presented a weak cytotoxic effect (IC50: >100 μg/mL) on HaCat cells. For the antioxidant test, the most interesting activity was obtained with the leaf extract of P. chevalieri. The GC-MS analysis of these four plants species extracts revealed the presence of various compounds, such as Ethyl 2-nonenoate, 2-(2-Hydroxy-2-phenylethyl)-3,5,6-trimethyl pyrazine, Palmitic Acid, Ethyl palmitate, Ethyl linolenate, and N-Acetyltyramine. Conclusion Based on the obtained results, P. chevalieri could be selected for further investigations or ⁄and for the management of malaria after standardization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Manya Mboni
- Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Université de Lubumbashi, BP.1825, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Unité de Pharmacognosie, Bioanalyse et Médicaments, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus de la Plaine – CP205/9, Boulevard du Triomphe, B-1050, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Marie Faes
- Unité de Pharmacognosie, Bioanalyse et Médicaments, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus de la Plaine – CP205/9, Boulevard du Triomphe, B-1050, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Stéphanie Fraselle
- Unité de Pharmacognosie, Bioanalyse et Médicaments, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus de la Plaine – CP205/9, Boulevard du Triomphe, B-1050, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Moussa Compaoré
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Chimie Appliquée, Université Ouaga I Pr Joseph KI-ERBO, 03 BP. 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
| | - Bakari Amuri Salvius
- Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Université de Lubumbashi, BP.1825, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Kahumba Byanga Joseph
- Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Université de Lubumbashi, BP.1825, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Pierre Duez
- Service de Chimie Thérapeutique et de Pharmacognosie, Université de Mons (UMONS), 20 Place du Parc, 7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Lumbu Simbi Jean-Baptiste
- Service de Chimie Organique, Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Lubumbashi, BP. 1825, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Caroline Stévigny
- Unité de Pharmacognosie, Bioanalyse et Médicaments, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus de la Plaine – CP205/9, Boulevard du Triomphe, B-1050, Bruxelles, Belgium
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Bharti Sonkar A, Kumar P, Kumar A, Kumar Gautam A, Verma A, Singh A, Kumar U, Kumar D, Mahata T, Bhattacharya B, Keshari AK, Maity B, Saha S. Vinpocetine mitigates DMH-induce pre-neoplastic colon damage in rats through inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 119:110236. [PMID: 37148772 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is currently recognized as the third most prevalent cancer worldwide. Vinpocetine is a synthetic derivative of the vinca alkaloid vincamine. It has been found effective in ameliorating the growth and progression of cancerous cells. However, its pharmacological effect on colon damage remains elusive. Hence, in this study, we have shown the role of vinpocetine in DMH-induced colon carcinogenesis. At first, male albino Wistar rats were administered with DMH consistently for four weeks to induce pre-neoplastic colon damage. Afterward, animals were treated with vinpocetine (4.2 and 8.4 mg/kg/day p.o.) for 15 days. Serum samples were collected to assess the physiological parameters, including ELISA and NMR metabolomics. Colon from all the groups was collected and processed separately for histopathology and western blot analysis. Vinpocetine attenuated the altered plasma parameters; lipid profile and showed anti-proliferative action as evidenced by suppressed COX-2 stimulation and decreased levels of IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, and IL-10. Vinpocetine is significantly effective in preventing CRC which may be associated with its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential. Accordingly, vinpocetine could serve as a potential anticancer agent for CRC treatment and thus be considered for future clinical and therapeutic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana Bharti Sonkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, VidyaVihar, Raibareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India.
| | - Pranesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, VidyaVihar, Raibareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India; Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anand Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, VidyaVihar, Raibareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India
| | - Anurag Kumar Gautam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, VidyaVihar, Raibareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India
| | - Abhishek Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, VidyaVihar, Raibareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India
| | - Amita Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, VidyaVihar, Raibareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India
| | - Umesh Kumar
- Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Tarun Mahata
- Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Bolay Bhattacharya
- Geethanjali College of Pharmacy, Cheeryal, Keesara, Hyderabad 501301, India
| | - Amit K Keshari
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh Lucknow Campus, Lucknow 226028, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Biswanath Maity
- Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sudipta Saha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, VidyaVihar, Raibareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India
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Isolation and Characterization of Novel Hydroxyflavone from Kigelia africana (Lam.) Benth. Fruit Ethyl Acetate Fraction against CHO 1 and HeLa Cancer Cell Lines: In vitro and in silico studies. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
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Ibrahim AA, Abdussalami MS, Appah J, Umar AH, Muhammad AU, Haruna S, Ibrahim AA. Evaluation of antihyperglycemic activity of aqueous stem bark extract of Boswellia dalzielii in alloxan-induced diabetic Wistar rats. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2023. [DOI: 10.1186/s43094-023-00458-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Diabetes mellitus is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally. Although synthetic hypoglycemic agents are commonly used to manage this disorder, such medications, besides being unable to cure the disease, are expensive and associated with side effects. Conversely, medicinal plants have emerged as effective, safe and affordable alternative treatments. Boswellia dalzielii plant has been reported to possess ethnomedicinal properties for the treatment of various health conditions; however, scientific studies exploring this plant as antihyperglycemic agent are still limited. Thus, this study evaluated the antihyperglycemic activity of aqueous stem bark extract (ASBE) of B. dalzielii in alloxan-induced diabetic Wistar albino rats.
Methods
Phytochemical screening of the ASBE of B. dalzielii was conducted. Twenty male Wistar albino rats weighing 100–150 g divided into 4 groups (A–D) of five rats were used for the study. Group A served as the normal control and received neither ASBE of B. dalzielii nor glibenclamide. The treatment for the other three groups was as follows: Group B, 10 mg/kg of glibenclamide (diabetic control); Group C, 500 mg/kg ASBE of B. dalzielii; and Group D, 1000 mg/kg ASBE of B. dalzielii. Treatments were administered orally every 24 h for a period of 2 weeks. Blood glucose level and body weight were evaluated at weeks 0, 1 and 2. Histomorphological features of the rats’ pancreas in all the groups were compared.
Results
The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, tannins, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, carbohydrates, steroids and triterpenes. The two different doses of the plant extract significantly reduced blood glucose level at weeks 1 and 2 (all p < 0.05), with the 1000 mg/kg dose demonstrating a greater reduction compared with glibenclamide at week 2 (p = 0.014). However, only the 500 mg/kg dose led to restoration, albeit slight, of the pancreatic islet cells.
Conclusion
This study suggests that B. dalzielii plant exhibits a potent antihyperglycemic activity evidenced by reduced blood glucose levels and slight restoration of pancreatic islet cells. This plant could be, therefore, considered in the treatment of diabetes mellitus.
Graphical Abstract
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10
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Periferakis A, Periferakis K, Badarau IA, Petran EM, Popa DC, Caruntu A, Costache RS, Scheau C, Caruntu C, Costache DO. Kaempferol: Antimicrobial Properties, Sources, Clinical, and Traditional Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315054. [PMID: 36499380 PMCID: PMC9740324 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are a category of plant-derived compounds which exhibit a large number of health-related effects. One of the most well-known and studied flavonoids is kaempferol, which can be found in a wide variety of herbs and plant families. Apart from their anticarcinogenic and anti-inflammatory effects, kaempferol and its associated compounds also exhibit antibacterial, antifungal, and antiprotozoal activities. The development of drugs and treatment schemes based on these compounds is becoming increasingly important in the face of emerging resistance of numerous pathogens as well as complex molecular interactions between various drug therapies. In addition, many of the kaempferol-containing plants are used in traditional systems all over the world for centuries to treat numerous conditions. Due to its variety of sources and associated compounds, some molecular mechanisms of kaempferol antimicrobial activity are well known while others are still under analysis. This paper thoroughly documents the vegetal and food sources of kaempferol as well as the most recent and significant studies regarding its antimicrobial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Argyrios Periferakis
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Akadimia of Ancient Greek and Traditional Chinese Medicine, 16675 Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Periferakis
- Akadimia of Ancient Greek and Traditional Chinese Medicine, 16675 Athens, Greece
- Pan-Hellenic Organization of Educational Programs (P.O.E.P), 17236 Athens, Greece
- Orasis Acupuncture Institute, 11526 Athens, Greece
| | - Ioana Anca Badarau
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Elena Madalina Petran
- Department of Biochemistry, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Toxicology, Grigore Alexandrescu Emergency Children’s Hospital, 011743 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Delia Codruta Popa
- Department of Biochemistry, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Hematology, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (D.C.P.); (C.S.)
| | - Ana Caruntu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, ‘Dr. Carol Davila’ Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, ‘Titu Maiorescu’ University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Raluca Simona Costache
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine Clinic, ‘Dr. Carol Davila’ Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristian Scheau
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (D.C.P.); (C.S.)
| | - Constantin Caruntu
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Dermatology, ‘Prof. N.C. Paulescu’ National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 011233 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Daniel Octavian Costache
- Department of Dermatology, ‘Dr. Carol Davila’ Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
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Ma W, Xiao L, Liu H, Hao X. Hypoglycemic natural products with in vivo activities and their mechanisms: a review. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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12
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Investigating Polyphenol Nanoformulations for Therapeutic Targets against Diabetes Mellitus. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:5649156. [PMID: 35832521 PMCID: PMC9273389 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5649156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a fatal metabolic disorder, and its prevalence has escalated in recent decades to a greater extent. Since the incidence and severity of the disease are constantly increasing, plenty of therapeutic approaches are being considered as a promising solution. Many dietary polyphenols have been reported to be effective against diabetes along with its accompanying vascular consequences by targeting multiple therapeutic targets. Additionally, the biocompatibility of these polyphenols raises questions about their use as pharmacological mediators. Nevertheless, the pharmacokinetic and biopharmaceutical properties of these polyphenols limit their clinical benefit as therapeutics. Pharmaceutical industries have attempted to improve compliance and therapeutic effects. However, nanotechnological approaches to overcome the pharmacokinetic and biopharmaceutical barriers associated with polyphenols as antidiabetic medications have been shown to be effective to improve clinical compliance and efficacy. Therefore, this review highlighted a comprehensive and up-to-date assessment of polyphenol nanoformulations in the treatment of diabetes and vascular consequences.
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Bardelčíková A, Miroššay A, Šoltýs J, Mojžiš J. Therapeutic and prophylactic effect of flavonoids in post-COVID-19 therapy. Phytother Res 2022; 36:2042-2060. [PMID: 35302260 PMCID: PMC9111001 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The high incidence of post-covid symptoms in humans confirms the need for effective treatment. Due to long-term complications across several disciplines, special treatment programs emerge for affected patients, emphasizing multidisciplinary care. For these reasons, we decided to look at current knowledge about possible long-term complications of COVID-19 disease and then present the effect of flavonoids, which could help alleviate or eliminate complications in humans after overcoming the COVID-19 infection. Based on articles published from 2003 to 2021, we summarize the flavonoids-based molecular mechanisms associated with the post-COVID-19 syndrome and simultaneously provide a complex view regarding their prophylactic and therapeutic potential. Review clearly sorts out the outcome of post-COVID-19 syndrome according particular body systems. The conclusion is that flavonoids play an important role in prevention of many diseases. We suggest that flavonoids as critical nutritional supplements, are suitable for the alleviation and shortening of the period associated with the post-COVID-19 syndrome. The most promising flavonoid with noteworthy therapeutic and prophylactic effect appears to be quercetin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamária Bardelčíková
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty of University of Pavol Jozef Šafárik in Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Andrej Miroššay
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty of University of Pavol Jozef Šafárik in Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Jindřich Šoltýs
- Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Science, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Ján Mojžiš
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty of University of Pavol Jozef Šafárik in Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic
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Singh S, Bansal A, Singh V, Chopra T, Poddar J. Flavonoids, alkaloids and terpenoids: a new hope for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2022; 21:941-950. [PMID: 35673446 PMCID: PMC9167359 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-021-00943-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic syndrome characterized by a hyperglycemic state and multi-organ failure. Millions of people worldwide are suffering from this deadly disease taking a hit on their pocket and mental health in the name of its treatment. Modern medical practices with new technological advancements and discoveries have made revolutionary changes in the treatment. But, unfortunately, Glucose-lowering drugs used have many accompanying effects such as chronic vascular disease, renal malfunction, liver disease and, many skin problems. These complications have made us think about alternative treatments for diabetes with minimum or no side effects. Nowadays, in addition to modern medicine, herbal treatment has been suggested to treat diabetes mellitus. These herbal medicines contain biological macromolecules such as flavonoids, Terpenoids, glycosides, and alkaloids, which show versatile anti-diabetic effects. These phytochemicals are generally considered safe, and naturally occurring compounds have a potential role in preventing or controlling diabetes mellitus. The underlying mechanism of their anti-diabetic effects includes improvement in insulin secretion, decrease in insulin resistance, enhanced liver glycogen synthesis, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. In this review, we have focused on the mechanism of various phytochemicals targeting hyperglycemia and its underlying pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukhpal Singh
- Department of Biochemistry and Central Research Cell, M.M. Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, University Research Fellow, Maharishi Markandeswar (Deemed to be University, Mullana, Ambala, 133207 India
| | - Abhishek Bansal
- Department of Biochemistry, Government Medical College, RAJOURI, Rajouri, Jammu and Kashmir 185135 India
| | - Vikramjeet Singh
- Kalpana Chawla Government Medical College, Karnal, Haryana India
| | - Tanya Chopra
- Department Of Biochemistry and Central Research Cell, M.M. Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, 133207 India
| | - Jit Poddar
- Department of Microbiology, RG Kar Medical College & Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal 700003 India
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Salles BCC, Leme KC, da Silva MA, da Rocha CQ, Tangerina MMP, Vilegas W, Figueiredo SA, Duarte SMDS, Rodrigues MR, de Araújo Paula FB. Protective effect of flavonoids from Passiflora edulis Sims on diabetic complications in rats. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021; 73:1361-1368. [PMID: 33772554 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgab046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of flavonoids present in leaves of Passiflora edulis fruit on complications induced by diabetes in rats. METHODS The extract of P. edulis leaf was obtained by 70% ethanol maceration. From the dry extract, the fractions were obtained by consecutive liquid-liquid partition with hexane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol. The content of isoorientin of ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions was determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray and triple quadrupole ionization (TQD) analysis in tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-Tq-MS). Only Fr-BuOH was used to treat diabetic or not Wistar rats. Biochemical parameters, platelet aggregation and production of reactive species were evaluated. KEY FINDINGS The UPLC-ESI-Tq-MS analysis revealed the presence of several flavonoids, among which we identified five possible flavonoids c-heterosides (luteolin-7-O-pyranosyl-3-O-glucoside, apigenin-6-8-di-C-glycoside, apigenin-6-C-arabinoside-8-C-glycoside, isoorientin, isovitexin). The diabetic rats (treated intraperitoneally with alloxan, 150 mg/kg) treated with Fr-BuOH (20 mg/kg/day for 90 days) presented improvement in blood glucose, serum levels of fructosamine, lipid profile and urea. Furthermore, the Fr-BuOH reduced both platelet aggregation and the production of oxidant species in diabetic animals. CONCLUSIONS These results suggested that flavonoid C-glycosides present in the Fr-BuOH may be beneficial for the diabetic state, preventing complications induced by diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno César Correa Salles
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Krissia Caroline Leme
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Aparecido da Silva
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo M P Tangerina
- Institute of Biosciences, Coastal Campus of São Vicente, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São Vicente, Brazil
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wagner Vilegas
- Institute of Biosciences, Coastal Campus of São Vicente, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São Vicente, Brazil
| | - Sônia A Figueiredo
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Stella Maris da Silveira Duarte
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Maria Rita Rodrigues
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Borges de Araújo Paula
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil
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Antidiabetic, Antimicrobial, and Molecular Profiling of Selected Medicinal Plants. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:5510099. [PMID: 34040646 PMCID: PMC8121587 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5510099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Natural products have been the center of attraction ever since they were discovered. Among them, plant-based natural products were popular as analgesics, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and cosmetics and possess widespread biotechnological applications. The use of plant products as cosmetics and therapeutics is deep-rooted in Nepalese society. Although there are few ethnobotanical studies conducted, extensive research of these valuable medicinal plants has not been a priority due to the limitation of technology and infrastructure. Here, we selected 4 traditionally used medicinal plants to examine their bioactive properties and their enzyme inhibition potential. α-Glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory activities were investigated using an in vitro model followed up by antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. The present study shows that ethyl acetate fraction of Melastoma melabathrium (IC50 9.1 ± 0.3 µg/mL) and water fraction Acacia catechu (IC50 9.0 ± 0.6 µg/mL) exhibit strong α-glucosidase inhibition. Likewise, the highest α-amylase inhibition was shown by crude extracts of Ficus religiosa (IC50 29.2 ± 1.2 µg/mL) and ethyl acetate fractions of Shorea robusta (IC50 69.3 ± 1.1 µg/mL), and the highest radical scavenging activity was shown by F. religiosa with an IC50 67.4 ± 0.6 µg/mL. Furthermore, to identify the metabolites within the fractions, we employed high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) and annotated 17 known metabolites which justify our assumption on activity. Of 4 medicinal plants examined, ethyl acetate fraction of S. robusta, ethyl acetate fraction of M. melabathrium, and water or ethyl acetate fraction of A. catechu extracts illustrated the best activities. With our study, we set up a foundation that provides authentic evidence to the community for use of these traditional plants. The annotated metabolites in this study support earlier experimental evidence towards the inhibition of enzymes. Further study is necessary to explore the clinical efficacy of these secondary molecules, which might be alternatives for the treatment of diabetes and pathogens.
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de Paulo Farias D, de Araújo FF, Neri-Numa IA, Pastore GM. Antidiabetic potential of dietary polyphenols: A mechanistic review. Food Res Int 2021; 145:110383. [PMID: 34112386 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes is a metabolic disorder that has caused enormous harm to the public health worldwide. In this study, we evaluated the potential of phenolic compounds on diabetes management, addressing their mechanisms of action, in addition to discussing the digestion, absorption, metabolism, bioavailability, and toxic effects of these compounds. The intake of phenolic compounds can play a fundamental role on diabetes management, since they can reduce blood glucose levels, oxidative stress, protein glycation, inhibit the activity of dipeptidyl peptidase - IV and other key enzymes related to carbohydrate metabolism, activate various biochemical pathways to improve pancreatic β-cell functions, increase insulin secretion, and improve insulin resistance. In this way, they can be considered a potential strategy in the development of pharmaceutical approaches that aim to reduce complications resulting from the progression of this metabolic pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- David de Paulo Farias
- Bioflavors and Bioactive Compounds Laboratory, Department of Food Science, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil.
| | - Fábio Fernandes de Araújo
- Bioflavors and Bioactive Compounds Laboratory, Department of Food Science, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil.
| | - Iramaia Angélica Neri-Numa
- Bioflavors and Bioactive Compounds Laboratory, Department of Food Science, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Glaucia Maria Pastore
- Bioflavors and Bioactive Compounds Laboratory, Department of Food Science, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil
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Chemical characterization of Melilotus messanensis (L.) all.: Antioxidant, antidiabetic and antimutagenic effects in alloxan induced diabetic rats. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2021.101976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Effect of an aqueous extract of Chrysobalanus icaco on the adiposity of Wistar rats fed a high-fat diet. NUTR HOSP 2020; 37:763-769. [PMID: 32686442 DOI: 10.20960/nh.03030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Objective: the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Chrysobalanus icaco on adiposity and its mechanism of action in the gene and protein expression of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), a key enzyme in lipogenesis. Method: Wistar rats were divided into a regular or control group (CG) and a high-fat diet (HFD) group. HFD was treated with saline or aqueous extract of Chrysobalanus icaco (AECI) for four weeks. Body weight and food intake were assessed. Subcutaneous, retroperitoneal and periepididymal adipose tissue samples were collected and weighed. Adipocytes from periepididymal tissue were isolated and analyzed. The gene and protein expression of ACC in subcutaneous tissue was determined. Results: AECI showed no effect on intake or body weight. However, the weight of the fat pads and the gene and protein expression of ACC were lower, and glucose tolerance was improved. Conclusion: the aqueous extract of Chrysobalanus icaco proved beneficial for the treatment of obesity, preventing fat storage and improving glycemic homeostasis.
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Ribeiro NE, Pereira PS, de Oliveira TB, de Arruda Lima SM, Silva TMS, Santana ALBD, do Nascimento MS, Santisteban RM, Teixeira ÁAC, da Silva TG. Acute and repeated dose 28-day oral toxicity of Chrysobalanusicaco L. leaf aqueous extract. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 113:104643. [PMID: 32199870 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2020.104643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Chrysobalanus icaco L. is a native plant of Brazil used as a food source and traditionally for the treatment of various diseases. The aim of study was performed the phytochemical analysis by UPLC-DAD-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS, and evaluated acute and repeated dose oral toxicities of the C. icaco L. leaf aqueous extract (AECi). The acute toxicity study was performed using a dose of AECi 2000 mg/kg, while the repeated dose toxicity study, the AECi was administered daily at doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, for 28 days. Behavior and mortality of animals were observed during the test period and body weight, as well water and eating consumption. Hematological, biochemical parameters and histopathological examinations were carried out. Phytochemical analysis of the AECi revealed the presence of flavonoids and tannins. Oral single dose of 2000 mg/kg of AECi resulted in no mortalities or abnormal clinical signs. Studies of repeated dose toxicity promoted a reduction in the body weight of treated animals and an increase of hepatic enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in both, males and females. Histopathological analyzes showed alterations in the livers of animals treated with AECi. Thus, this study recommends the population take care when using this species, especially during prolonged periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Emanuelle Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Pharmacological Prospecting of Bioactive Products (BIOFARMATOX), Department of Antibiotics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Pedro Silvino Pereira
- Laboratory of Pharmacological Prospecting of Bioactive Products (BIOFARMATOX), Department of Antibiotics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Tatiane Bezerra de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Pharmacological Prospecting of Bioactive Products (BIOFARMATOX), Department of Antibiotics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Sandrine Maria de Arruda Lima
- Laboratory of Pharmacological Prospecting of Bioactive Products (BIOFARMATOX), Department of Antibiotics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Tania Maria Sarmento Silva
- Department of Chemistry, Rural Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Manuel de Medeiros, 96, Dois Irmãos, 52171-900, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Andréa Lopes Bandeira Delmiro Santana
- Laboratory of Pharmacological Prospecting of Bioactive Products (BIOFARMATOX), Department of Antibiotics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Márcia Silva do Nascimento
- Laboratory of Pharmacological Prospecting of Bioactive Products (BIOFARMATOX), Department of Antibiotics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Rogelio Moreno Santisteban
- Department of Chemistry, Rural Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Manuel de Medeiros, 96, Dois Irmãos, 52171-900, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | - Teresinha Gonçalves da Silva
- Laboratory of Pharmacological Prospecting of Bioactive Products (BIOFARMATOX), Department of Antibiotics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
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Fang P, Yu M, Shi M, Bo P, Gu X, Zhang Z. Baicalin and its aglycone: a novel approach for treatment of metabolic disorders. Pharmacol Rep 2020; 72:13-23. [PMID: 32016847 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-019-00024-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current strategies for prevention and treatment of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes are not fully effective and frequently accompanied by many negative effects. Therefore, novel ways to prevent insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes are urgently needed. The roots of Scutellaria radix are commonly used in traditional Chinese medicines for prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, dysentery, and other respiratory disorders. Baicalin and baicalein are the major and active ingredient extracts from Scutellaria baicalensis. METHODS A comprehensive and systematic review of literature on baicalin and baicalein was carried out. RESULTS Emerging evidence indicated that baicalin and baicalein possessed hepatoprotective, anti-oxidative, anti-dyslipidemic, anti-lipogenic, anti-obese, anti-inflammatory, and anti-diabetic effects, being effective for treating obesity, insulin resistance, non-alcoholic fatty liver, and dyslipidemia. Besides, baicalin and baicalein are almost non-toxic to epithelial, peripheral, and myeloid cells. CONCLUSION The purpose of this study is to focus on the therapeutic applications and accompanying molecular mechanisms of baicalin and baicalein against hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, hyperlipidemia, obesity, and non-alcoholic fatty liver, and trying to establish a novel anti-obese and anti-diabetic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penghua Fang
- Department of Physiology, Hanlin College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Taizhou, 225300, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Mei Yu
- Department of Physiology, Hanlin College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Taizhou, 225300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingyi Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Ping Bo
- Department of Endocrinology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Xuewen Gu
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhenwen Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China.
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Jin QH, Fu ZY, Xia YN, Liu BY, Jiang HY. Synthesis and antibacterial activity of a series novel 5,7-diisoprenyloxyflavone derivatives. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97901919000417721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Bai L, Li X, He L, Zheng Y, Lu H, Li J, Zhong L, Tong R, Jiang Z, Shi J, Li J. Antidiabetic Potential of Flavonoids from Traditional Chinese Medicine: A Review. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2019; 47:933-957. [PMID: 31248265 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x19500496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic disorders in which high blood sugar levels occur over a prolonged period. Approximately 4% of the global population is affected by DM. Western medical treatment methods for diabetes including injection or oral hypoglycemic drugs have some toxic or side effects, economic pressures, and so on. Many researchers turn to discover new drugs from natural products or Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Flavonoids are widely distributed in plants, and many studies have shown that flavonoids possess antidiabetic properties, exhibiting not only well-recognized antidiabetic and hypoglycemic activities but also activity in the treatment of diabetic complications. In this review, we systematically summarized anti-diabetic flavonoid compounds based on structure classification by examining the PubMed, Springer Link, Web of Science, and CNKI databases. There are 13 flavonoid compounds listed which have been studied extensively and have antidiabetic features respectively. Apigenin, baicalein, and catechin mainly reduces blood glucose via anti-oxidation; hesperidin is good for diabetic neuropathy; glycyrrhiza flavonoids have a significant effect on gestational DM; quercetin takes advantage of crossing the blood–brain barrier and improving renal function. Some compounds have protective and preventive effects on diabetic complications, such as kaempferol and puerarin which are beneficial to cardiomyopathy; myricetin has therapeutic potential in the treatment of DN; dihydromyricetin might improve CI. It is a pity or might be a pointcut that most studies remain in the animal experimental stage, and further investigation should be carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Bai
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofang Li
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
| | - Li He
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
| | - Yu Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, P. R. China
| | - Haiying Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, P. R. China
| | - Jinqi Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhong
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, P. R. China
| | - Rongsheng Tong
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, P. R. China
| | - Zhongliang Jiang
- Department of Hematology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Jianyou Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, P. R. China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
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Baicalein improves glucose metabolism in insulin resistant HepG2 cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 854:187-193. [PMID: 30970232 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) is the primary pathogenesis of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, often used in the clinical treatment of T2DM. Baicalein which is considered to have anti-IR effects is one of its active ingredients. IR-induced HepG2 cells were used to investigate the effect of baicalein on glucose metabolism and insulin-signaling pathway, using metformin as a positive control. We found that the use of both baicalein and metformin increased the glucose consumption of IR cells, as well as increasing the pyruvate kinase (PK) and glucokinase (GCK) activity. Also increased was the expression levels of insulin receptor (InsR), insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (AKT) pathway and glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2). Reduced expression levels were found in that of glucose 6 phosphatase (G6Pase) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) mRNA. The results confirmed that baicalein (10-6 and 10-5 mol/L) promotes glucose uptake and glycolysis, inhibits gluconeogenesis of hepatocytes to improve glucose metabolism, and may be as a result from regulation of InsR/IRS-1/PI3K/AKT pathway. Additionally, baicalein has large concentration range on inhibiting IR, and at lower concentrations has strong anti-IR hepatocyte activity.
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A Critical Review of Phenolic Compounds Extracted from the Bark of Woody Vascular Plants and Their Potential Biological Activity. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24061182. [PMID: 30917556 PMCID: PMC6470986 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24061182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols are one of the largest and most widespread groups of secondary metabolites in the plants world. These compounds are of particular interest due to their occurrence and the properties they possess. The main sources of phenolic compounds are fruits and vegetables, but lately, more and more studies refer to woody vascular plants, especially to bark, as an important source of phenolic compounds with a potential biological effect. This study aims to bring together information on the phenolic compounds present in the bark of woody vascular plants by discussing extraction methods, the chemical composition of the extracts and potential biological effects. The literature data used in this paper were collected via PubMed (2004⁻2019). Search terms were: bark, rhytidome, woody vascular plant, polyphenols, phenolic compounds, biologic activity, antioxidant, immunostimulatory, antimutagenic, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antitumoral. This paper intends to highlight the fact that the polyphenolic extracts obtained from the bark of woody vascular plants represent sources of bioactive compounds with antioxidant, immunostimulatory, antimutagenic, antibacterial properties, etc. Future research directions should be directed towards identification and isolation of bioactive compounds. Consequently, biologically active compounds obtained from the bark of woody plants could be exploited on an industrial scale.
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Bacanli M, Dilsiz SA, Başaran N, Başaran AA. Effects of phytochemicals against diabetes. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2019; 89:209-238. [PMID: 31351526 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2019.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus, a chronic metabolic disease, characterized by elevated levels of blood glucose and insufficiency in production and action of insulin is the seventh leading cause of death worldwide. Numerous studies have shown that diabetes mellitus is associated with increased formation of free radicals and decrease in antioxidant potential. In the patients with diabetes mellitus, the levels of antioxidant parameters are found to decrease, hence in many studies phytochemicals which can exert antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities, are suggested to improve the insulin sensitivity. Several phytoactive compounds such as flavonoids, lignans, prophenylphenols, are also found to combat the complications of diabetes. This chapter mainly focuses on the relationship between diabetes mellitus and preventive roles of various phytochemicals on diabetes via their antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Bacanli
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Sevtap Aydin Dilsiz
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nurşen Başaran
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - A Ahmet Başaran
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Shi Y, Mon AM, Fu Y, Zhang Y, Wang C, Yang X, Wang Y. The genus Ficus (Moraceae) used in diet: Its plant diversity, distribution, traditional uses and ethnopharmacological importance. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 226:185-196. [PMID: 30055253 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE A new field of enthnopharmacology has opened, where pharmacological studies draw their attention from the conventional only-medicine approach towards the dietary dimension. The uses of Ficus species in the human diet have been extensively documented by ethnobotanical field surveyors. Overlap commonly exist between the dietary and medicinal selection of Ficus species but not for choices of the plant parts and development stages, which leave a large space for ethnopharmacological study. AIMS OF THE STUDY 1) To review published works on the dietary uses of Ficus species and their food-medicine overlap based on traditional uses, and 2) to spark interest in ethnopharmacological studies on the dietary uses of Ficus species. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data was collected and analyzed from many sources, including published and unpublished ethnobotanical field surveys, taxonomic and distribution information, international journals, books, thesis, floras, reports and professional databases. The possible biases arising from data sources are assessed to make sure that the dataset are global representative. RESULTS A total of 132 Ficus species are reported for dietary uses, including one subspecies and four varieties. Those species are found across all of the six subgenera of the genus Ficus. For distribution, 98 species from the Indo-Australasian region, 27 species from the African tropics (with one species, F. palmata, from both the two regions) and 8 from the Neotropics. The parts most commonly used are the figs (i.e. syconium or fruits) (110 species) and leaves (67 species), in various growth stages. It is also found that the certain plant parts of 78 species are used both for dietary and medicinal purpose. Among which the figs are frequently cited in the treatment of diarrhea and oligogalactia, the leaves in the treatment of diarrhea, stomach complaintsas, antidote and diabetes, the latex in the treatment of intestinal worms and wounds, and the barks in the treatment of diarrhea. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate that throughout its area of distribution, the genus Ficus is generally used as a dietary plant, although use of a individual species seems uncommon. Furthermore, we highlight the diet-medicine overlap of the uses of this genus, which should enable further understanding of the potential for broader health benefits, rather than limiting studies in this genus to its only-medicinal properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinxian Shi
- Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yezin, Nay Pyi Taw 05282, Myanmar
| | - Aye Mya Mon
- Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yao Fu
- Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yezin, Nay Pyi Taw 05282, Myanmar
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yezin, Nay Pyi Taw 05282, Myanmar
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Xuefei Yang
- Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yezin, Nay Pyi Taw 05282, Myanmar.
| | - Yuhua Wang
- Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China.
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Sathasivampillai SV, Rajamanoharan PRS, Heinrich M. Siddha Medicine in Eastern Sri Lanka Today-Continuity and Change in the Treatment of Diabetes. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1022. [PMID: 30364250 PMCID: PMC6192459 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is affecting the social and economic developments in developing countries like Sri Lanka. Siddha Medicine (Tamil Medicine) is mostly practiced in the Eastern and Northern Provinces of Sri Lanka. Our recent review of Sri Lankan Siddha historical documents identified 171 plant species used to prepare anti-diabetic preparations. On the other hand, there is no study of plants currently used to treat diabetes in Sri Lankan Siddha Medicine. Hence, the aim of this study is to identify and document the plant species currently used in anti-diabetic preparations in Eastern Province, also enabling a comparative analysis with historical uses. Further, assessing the level of scientific evidence (in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies) available for recorded species. A systematically prepared questionnaire was used to conduct an ethnobotanical survey with 27 Siddha healers residing in Eastern Province to identify the currently used anti-diabetic plants. Furthermore, Web of Science electronic database was used to assess the level of scientific evidence available excluding widespread and very well studied species. On average 325 diabetic patients were seen by 27 healers per week. Interestingly, inorganic substances, and animal parts used as ingredients in historical anti-diabetic preparations are currently not used in Eastern Province. A total of 88 plant species from 46 families were reported in this study. Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels was the most frequently recorded species and the largest number of taxa are from Fabaceae. Remarkably, one third of reported species were not stated in Sri Lankan Siddha historical documents. The highest number of plant species (59%) have been studied up to an in vivo level followed by no scientific evidence for anti-diabetic activity found (27%), clinical evidence (10%), and in vitro (2%). This is the first ethnobotanical study of plants used to treat diabetes by Siddha healers in the Eastern Province in Sri Lanka. Moreover, awareness should be created to the diabetics about the side effects of herb-drug interactions and complications caused by taking both herbal preparations and biomedical drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michael Heinrich
- Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, UCL School of Pharmacy, London, United Kingdom
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29
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Wojnar W, Zych M, Kaczmarczyk-Sedlak I. Antioxidative effect of flavonoid naringenin in the lenses of type 1 diabetic rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 108:974-984. [PMID: 30372909 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.09.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress arising during diabetes may lead to cataract formation. Thus, in order to prevent oxidative stress development, antioxidants could be considered helpful agents. Naringenin, a flavonoid with a well-documented antioxidative activity, can be found in many plant-derived products, especially citrus fruits. The aim of the study was to examine the effect of naringenin on oxidative stress markers in the lenses of type 1 diabetic rats. The study was conducted on 3-month-old male Wistar rats with streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes. The rats were treated orally with naringenin at the doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg for 4 weeks. In the lenses obtained from the animals, enzymatic and non-enzymatic parameters connected with oxidative stress were measured. The enzymatic parameters included superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity. For non-enzymatic parameters, the total thiol groups, reduced and oxidized glutathione, protein carbonyl groups, advanced oxidation protein products, malondialdehyde and vitamin C level were assayed. Oral administration of naringenin counteracted most of the unfavorable changes induced by diabetes, including reduction of elevated antioxidative enzymes activity and amelioration of oxidative damage in proteins and lipids. Naringenin administered orally reduces oxidative stress markers in the lenses of type 1 diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weronika Wojnar
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
| | - Maria Zych
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
| | - Ilona Kaczmarczyk-Sedlak
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
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Guo WW, Wang X, Chen XQ, Ba YY, Zhang N, Xu RR, Zhao WW, Wu X. Flavonones from Penthorum chinense Ameliorate Hepatic Steatosis by Activating the SIRT1/AMPK Pathway in HepG2 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092555. [PMID: 30154382 PMCID: PMC6165420 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pinocembrin-7-O-β-d-glucoside (PCBG), pinocembrin (PCB), and 5-methoxy-pinocembrin-7-O-β-d-glucoside (MPG) are three flavonones isolated from Penthorum chinense Pursh (P. chinense). The effects of the three flavonones on hepatic steatosis and their molecular mechanisms in HepG2 cells were investigated in this study for the first time. A model of hepatic steatosis in HepG2 cells was induced by free fatty acid (FFA), and co-treated with the three flavonones as mentioned. Intracellular lipid droplets were detected by Oil Red O staining. PCB, PCBG, and MPG suppressed oxidative stress by decreasing malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and increasing superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities. The levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were ameliorated. Moreover, these flavonones enhanced the phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and the expression of silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα), and reduced the expression of sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP1c) and the downstream targets fatty acid synthase (FAS), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), and stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1). Molecular docking was used to predict the interaction and combination patterns between the three flavonones and the enzymes above. The results revealed that the SIRT1/AMPK pathway is involved in the functions of the three flavonones, and the most effective flavonone against hepatic steatosis might be PCBG, followed by MPG and PCB. Therefore, the three flavonones from P. chinense were found to exert preventive effects against hepatic steatosis by regulating the SIRT1/AMPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Wei Guo
- Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, 10 Youanmen, Xitoutiao, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Xing Wang
- Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, 10 Youanmen, Xitoutiao, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Xiao-Qing Chen
- Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, 10 Youanmen, Xitoutiao, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Yin-Ying Ba
- Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, 10 Youanmen, Xitoutiao, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Nan Zhang
- Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, 10 Youanmen, Xitoutiao, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Rong-Rong Xu
- Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, 10 Youanmen, Xitoutiao, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Wen-Wen Zhao
- Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, 10 Youanmen, Xitoutiao, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Xia Wu
- Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, 10 Youanmen, Xitoutiao, Beijing 100069, China.
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Indirect Organogenesis through Seedling-Derived Leaf Segments of Ficus Religiosa - a Multipurpose Woody Medicinal Plant. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12892-018-0024-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Hesami M, Daneshvar MH, Yoosefzadeh-Najafabadi M, Alizadeh M. Effect of plant growth regulators on indirect shoot organogenesis of Ficus religiosa through seedling derived petiole segments. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2018; 16:175-180. [PMID: 30647720 PMCID: PMC6296569 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgeb.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Ficus religiosa is known as a long-lived multipurpose forest tree. The tree plays an important role for religious, medicinal, and ornamental purposes. However, the propagation rate of Ficus religiosa is low in natural habitat so the plant tissue culture techniques are an applicable method for multiplication of this valuable medicinal plants. Thus, the aim of this study is to understand the effect of different auxin/cytokinin ratios on indirect shoot organogenesis of this plant. According to our results, the maximum callus induction frequency (100%) was obtained on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) plus 0.05 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) from petiole segments. For shoot induction purpose, the yellow-brownish, friable, organogenic calli were inoculated on shoot induction medium. On MS medium supplemented with 1.5 mg/l BAP and 0.15 mg/l Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), 96.66% of the petiole-derived calli responded with an average number of 3.56 shoots per culture. The highest root formation frequency (96.66%), root number (5.5), and root length (4.83 cm) were achieved on MS medium containing 2.0 mg/l IBA plus 0.1 mg/l Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). The rooted shoots were successfully transferred to field condition and the substrate with the mixture of cocopeat and perlite (1:1) had the highest survival rate (96.66%). This is the first report of an effective in vitro organogenesis protocol for F. religiosa by indirect shoot organogenesis through axenic seedling derived petiole explants, which can be efficiently employed for conservation of this important medicinal plant species as well as the utilization of active biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Hesami
- Department of Horticulture Science, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hosein Daneshvar
- Department of Horticulture Science, Ramin University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Khuzestan, Iran
| | | | - Milad Alizadeh
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of New Technologies Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
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33
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Deepa P, Sowndhararajan K, Kim S, Park SJ. A role of Ficus species in the management of diabetes mellitus: A review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 215:210-232. [PMID: 29305899 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.12.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/30/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common global health concerns, with a rapidly increasing incidence. A variety of medicinal plants, particularly those belonging to the genus Ficus (Moraceae), and their active compounds have been used to treat diabetes and related chronic disorders since ancient times. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this review is to provide information regarding traditional and scientific knowledge of Ficus species with antidiabetic activity to researchers. MATERIALS AND METHODS A literature search was conducted to obtain information about the antidiabetic properties of Ficus from the electronic databases. Common and scientific names of various Ficus species were used as keywords for the search, along with the terms antidiabetic, hypoglycemic and diabetes. RESULTS Among the assorted species of Ficus that were included in our search, F. benghalensis, F. carica, F. glomerata, F. glumosa, F. racemosa, and F. religiosa exhibited remarkable antidiabetic properties with various mechanisms of action. Moreover, Ficus species are versatile sources of bioactive metabolites such as flavonoids, phenolic acids, tannins, alkaloids, glycosides, coumarins, triterpenoids, sterols and vitamin E. These extracts and isolated compounds significantly have enhanced insulin secretion and subsequently reduced blood glucose level in various in vivo studies. CONCLUSION This review summarizes the antidiabetic potentials of the genus Ficus, including pharmacological studies with mechanisms of action as well as ethnobotanical uses. This review can help inform future scientific research towards the development of novel antidiabetic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ponnuvel Deepa
- School of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kandhasamy Sowndhararajan
- School of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.
| | - Songmun Kim
- School of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.
| | - Se Jin Park
- School of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.
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6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid attenuates colon carcinogenesis via blockade of IL-6 mediated signals. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 100:282-295. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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35
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Kumar P, Singh AK, Raj V, Rai A, Keshari AK, Kumar D, Maity B, Prakash A, Maiti S, Saha S. Poly(lactic- co-glycolic acid)-loaded nanoparticles of betulinic acid for improved treatment of hepatic cancer: characterization, in vitro and in vivo evaluations. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:975-990. [PMID: 29497292 PMCID: PMC5818879 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s157391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The application of betulinic acid (B), a potent antineoplastic agent, is limited due to poor bioavailability, short plasma half-life and inappropriate tissue distribution. Thus, we aimed to prepare novel 50:50 poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)-loaded B nanoparticles (BNP) and to compare its anti-hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) activity with parent B. METHODS BNP were synthesized and characterized using different methods such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry and particle size analyses. Particle size of BNP was optimized through the application of the stabilizer, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The anti-HCC response was evaluated through in vitro cell line study using Hep-G2 cells, confocal microscopy, in vivo oral pharmacokinetics and animal studies. Further, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis was conducted to observe the changes in the expression of specific genes. RESULTS Particle size of BNP was optimized through the application of the stabilizer, polyvinyl alcohol. Physicochemical characterization exhibited particle size of 257.1 nm with zeta potential -0.170 mV (optimized batch B, BNP). SEM and FTIR analyses of BNP showed that cylindrical particles of B converted to spherical particles in BNP and there were no interaction between B and used polymers. The release study of optimized BNP was highest (≥80%) than any other formulation. Later, in vitro cell culture analysis using Hep-G2 cells and confocal microscopy studies revealed that BNP had the highest inhibition and penetration properties than parent B. Oral pharmacokinetics studies using albino Wistar rats at single 100 mg dose again exhibited BNP had the higher 50% of plasma concentration (t1/2), a higher maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) and took longer to reach the maximum plasma concentration (Tmax) than parent B. Next, our in vivo study using nitrosodiethyl amine (NDEA)-induced HCC model documented BNP decreased in number of nodules, restored body weight, oxidative stress parameters, liver marker enzymes and histological architecture than parent B. Lastly, qRT-PCR studies further demonstrated that anti-HCC properties of BNP may be due to over expression of antiapoptotic caspases i.e., caspase 3 and 8. CONCLUSION The prepared BNP showed a better therapeutic response against HCC and could be attributed as future candidate molecule for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashok K Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vinit Raj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amit Rai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amit K Keshari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Biswanath Maity
- Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anand Prakash
- Department of Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sabyasachi Maiti
- Department of Pharmacy, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Amarkantak, Anuppur, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sudipta Saha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Singh AK, Raj V, Keshari AK, Rai A, Kumar P, Rawat A, Maity B, Kumar D, Prakash A, De A, Samanta A, Bhattacharya B, Saha S. Isolated mangiferin and naringenin exert antidiabetic effect via PPAR γ/GLUT4 dual agonistic action with strong metabolic regulation. Chem Biol Interact 2017; 280:33-44. [PMID: 29223569 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2017.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we isolated two compounds from the leaves of Salacia oblonga (SA1, mangiferin and SA2, naringenin), and their structures were confirmed by infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry. SA1 and SA2 were orally administered to streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats at 50 and 100 mg/kg daily for 15 days. Blood glucose level, serum lipid profile, oxidative stress parameters, histopathology, docking, molecular parameters, and NMR-based metabolic perturbation studies were performed to investigate the pharmacological activities of SA1 and SA2. Results suggested that both compounds reduced blood glucose level, restored body weight, and normalized lipid concentrations in the serum and oxidative stress biomarkers in the liver and pancreas. In addition, the docking study on several diabetes-associated targets revealed that both compounds had a strong binding affinity towards peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4). Further real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blot analyses were performed to confirm the gene and protein expression levels of PPARγ and GLUT4 in the pancreatic tissues. Data obtained from the molecular studies showed that both compounds exhibited antidiabetic effects through dual activation of PPARγ/GLUT4 signaling pathways. Finally, the NMR-based metabolic studies showed that both compounds normalized the diabetogenic metabolites in the serum. Altogether, we concluded that SA1 and SA2 might be potential antidiabetic lead compounds for future drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok K Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226025, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vinit Raj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226025, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amit K Keshari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226025, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amit Rai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226025, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pranesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226025, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Atul Rawat
- Centre of Biomedical Research (CBMR), Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India; Department of Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India
| | - Biswanath Maity
- Centre of Biomedical Research (CBMR), Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Centre of Biomedical Research (CBMR), Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anand Prakash
- Department of Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India
| | - Arnab De
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Amalesh Samanta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Bolay Bhattacharya
- Geethanjali College of Pharmacy, Cheeryal, Keesara, Hyderabad 501301, India
| | - Sudipta Saha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226025, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Keshari AK, Singh AK, Kumar U, Raj V, Rai A, Kumar P, Kumar D, Maity B, Nath S, Prakash A, Saha S. 5H-benzo[h]thiazolo[2,3-b]quinazolines ameliorate NDEA-induced hepatocellular carcinogenesis in rats through IL-6 downregulation along with oxidative and metabolic stress reduction. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2017; 11:2981-2995. [PMID: 29075102 PMCID: PMC5648320 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s143075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
5H-benzo[h]thiazolo[2,3-b]quinazoline scaffold is known to have an antitumor effect on certain types of malignancies; however, its effect on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. Previously, we reported p-toluenesulfonic acid-promoted syntheses, molecular modeling and in vitro antitumor activity of 5H-benzo[h]thiazolo[2,3-b]quinazoline against human hepatoma (Hep-G2) cells where compounds 4A and 6A were found to be potent inhibitors among the series. In continuation to our previous effort to develop novel therapeutic strategies for HCC treatment, here we investigated the in vivo antitumor activity and the mechanism underlying the effects of 4A and 6A in N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA)-induced HCC using male Wistar rats. NDEA was administered weekly intraperitoneally at a dose of 100 mg/kg for 6 weeks. Various physiological and morphological changes, oxidative parameters, liver marker enzymes and cytokines were assessed to evaluate the antitumor effect of 4A and 6A. In addition, proton nuclear magnetic resonance-based serum metabolomics were performed to analyze the effects of 4A and 6A against HCC-induced metabolic alterations. Significant tumor incidences with an imbalance in carcinogen metabolizing enzymes and cellular redox status were observed in carcinogenic rats. Tumor inhibitory effects of 4A and 6A were noted by histopathology and biochemical profiles in NDEA-induced hepatic cancer. Compounds 4A and 6A had a potential role in normalizing the elevated levels of inflammatory mediators such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-2, IL-6 and IL-10. At molecular level, the real-time quantitative reverse-transcribed polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that 4A and 6A attenuated the IL-6 gene overexpression in hepatic cancer. Further, orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis scores plot demonstrated a significant separation of 4A and 6A-treated groups from carcinogen control group. Both the compounds have potential to restore the imbalanced metabolites due to HCC, signifying promising hepatoprotective activities. All these findings suggested that 4A and 6A could be potential drug candidates to treat HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit K Keshari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University
| | - Ashok K Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University
| | - Umesh Kumar
- Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus
| | - Vinit Raj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University
| | - Amit Rai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University
| | - Pranesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University
| | | | | | - Sneha Nath
- Department of Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, India
| | - Anand Prakash
- Department of Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, India
| | - Sudipta Saha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University
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Soares JMD, Pereira Leal AEB, Silva JC, Almeida JRGS, de Oliveira HP. Influence of Flavonoids on Mechanism of Modulation of Insulin Secretion. Pharmacogn Mag 2017; 13:639-646. [PMID: 29200726 PMCID: PMC5701404 DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_87_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of alternatives for insulin secretion control in vivo or in vitro represents an important aspect to be investigated. In this direction, natural products have been progressively explored with this aim. In particular, flavonoids are potential candidates to act as insulin secretagogue. OBJECTIVE To study the influence of flavonoid on overall modulation mechanisms of insulin secretion. METHODS The research was conducted in the following databases and platforms: PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Knowledge, SciELO, LILACS, and ScienceDirect, and the MeSH terms used for the search were flavonoids, flavones, islets of Langerhans, and insulin-secreting cells. RESULTS Twelve articles were included and represent the basis of discussion on mechanisms of insulin secretion of flavonoids. Papers in ISI Web of Knowledge were in number of 1, Scopus 44, PubMed 264, ScienceDirect 511, and no papers from LILACS and SciELO databases. CONCLUSION According to the literature, the majority of flavonoid subclasses can modulate insulin secretion through several pathways, in an indication that corresponding molecule is a potential candidate for active materials to be applied in the treatment of diabetes. SUMMARY The action of natural products on insulin secretion represents an important investigation topic due to their importance in the diabetes controlIn addition to their typical antioxidant properties, flavonoids contribute to the insulin secretionThe modulation of insulin secretion is induced by flavonoids according to different mechanisms. Abbreviations used: KATP channels: ATP-sensitive K+ channels, GLUT4: Glucose transporter 4, ERK1/2: Extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 and 2, L-VDCCs: L-type voltage-dependent Ca+2 channels, GLUT1: Glucose transporter 1, AMPK: Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase, PTP1B: Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B, GLUT2: Glucose transporter 2, cAMP: Cyclic adenosine monophosphate, PKA: Protein kinase A, PTK: Protein tyrosine kinase, CaMK II: Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II, GSIS: Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, Insig-1: Insulin-induced gene 1, IRS-2: Insulin receptor substrate 2, PDX-1: Pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1, SREBP-1c: Sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c, DMC: Dihydroxy-6'-methoxy-3',5'-dimethylchalcone, GLP-1: Glucagon-like peptide-1, GLP-1R: Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Juliane Cabral Silva
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
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Kumar P, Singh AK, Raj V, Rai A, Maity S, Rawat A, Kumar U, Kumar D, Prakash A, Guleria A, Saha S. 6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid attenuates heptatocellular carcinoma in rats with NMR-based metabolic perturbations. Future Sci OA 2017; 3:FSO202. [PMID: 28884001 PMCID: PMC5583658 DOI: 10.4155/fsoa-2017-0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM 6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid (M1) was synthesized and evaluated for in-vivo antiproliferative action in diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocarcinogenic rats. MATERIALS & METHODS The antiproliferative effect of M1 was assessed by various biochemical parameters, histopathology of liver and HPLC analysis. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance-based serum metabolic study was implemented on rat sera to explore the effects of M1 on hepatocellular carcinoma-induced metabolic alterations. RESULTS M1 showed protective action on liver and restored the arrangement of liver tissues in normal proportion. HPLC analysis displayed a good plasma drug concentration after its oral administration. Score plots of partial least squares discriminate analysis models exhibited that M1 therapy ameliorated hepatocellular carcinoma-induced metabolic alterations which signified its antiproliferative potential. CONCLUSION M1 manifested notable antiproliferative profile, and warrants further investigation for future anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raibareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India
| | - Ashok K Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raibareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India
| | - Vinit Raj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raibareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India
| | - Amit Rai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raibareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India
| | - Siddhartha Maity
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032
| | - Atul Rawat
- Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raibareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India
| | - Umesh Kumar
- Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anand Prakash
- Department of Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raibareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India
| | - Anupam Guleria
- Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sudipta Saha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raibareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India
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Characterization of Compounds with Tumor-Cell Proliferation Inhibition Activity from Mushroom (Phellinus baumii) Mycelia Produced by Solid-State Fermentation. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22050698. [PMID: 28448441 PMCID: PMC6154627 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22050698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The inhibition of tumor-cell proliferationbyan organicsolvent extract from the solid-state fermentation of Phellinus baumii mycelia inoculated in rice medium was investigated in vitro. The active compounds inhibiting tumor-cell proliferation were characterized. Results revealed that all (petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and butanol) fractions inhibited tumor-cell proliferation in a dose-dependent fashion. The ethyl acetate extract had the highest inhibitory effecton tumor-cell proliferation, and the butanol fraction had the lowest. Six compounds were isolated and purified from the ethyl acetate extract of P. baumii mycelia by the tandem application of silica-gel column chromatography (SGCC), high-speed countercurrent chromatography (HSCCC), and preparative HPLC. These compounds were identified by NMR and electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) spectroscopic methods as ergosterol (RF1), ergosta-7,22-dien-3β-yl pentadecanoate (RF3), 3,4-dihydroxy benzaldehyde(RF6), inoscavinA (RF7), baicalein(RF10), and 24-ethylcholesta-5,22-dien-3β-ol (RF13). To further clarify the activity of these compounds, the cell-proliferation-inhibition tests of these compounds on various tumor cells were carried out and evaluatedin vitro. Results suggested that compounds RF6, RF7, and RF10 had potent inhibition effects on the proliferation of a series of tumor cell lines, including K562, L1210, SW620, HepG2, LNCaP, and MCF-7cells. These findings indicated that P. baumii mycelia produced by solid-state fermentation in rice canbe used to obtain active compounds with the ability to inhibittumor-cell proliferation.
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Ganesan P, Arulselvan P, Choi DK. Phytobioactive compound-based nanodelivery systems for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus - current status. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:1097-1111. [PMID: 28223801 PMCID: PMC5310641 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s124601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major chronic disease that is prevalent worldwide, and it is characterized by an increase in blood glucose, disturbances in the metabolism, and alteration in insulin secretion. Nowadays, food-based therapy has become an important treatment mode for type 2 diabetes, and phytobioactive compounds have gained an increasing amount of attention to this end because they have an effect on multiple biological functions, including the sustained secretion of insulin and regeneration of pancreatic islets cells. However, the poor solubility and lower permeability of these phyto products results in a loss of bioactivity during processing and oral delivery, leading to a significant reduction in the bioavailability of phytobioactive compounds to treat T2DM. Recently, nanotechnological systems have been developed for use as various types of carrier systems to improve the delivery of bioactive compounds and thus obtain a greater bioavailability. Furthermore, carrier systems in most nanodelivery systems are highly biocompatible, with nonimmunologic behavior, a high degree of biodegradability, and greater mucoadhesive strength. Therefore, this review focuses on the various types of nanodelivery systems that can be used for phytobioactive compounds in treating T2DM with greater antidiabetic effects. There is also additional focus on improving the effects of various phytobioactive compounds through nanotechnological delivery to ensure a highly efficient treatment of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palanivel Ganesan
- Nanotechnology Research Center and Department of Applied Life Science
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - Palanisamy Arulselvan
- Laboratory of Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Dong-Kug Choi
- Nanotechnology Research Center and Department of Applied Life Science
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
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Mangal P, Khare P, Jagtap S, Bishnoi M, Kondepudi KK, Bhutani KK. Screening of six Ayurvedic medicinal plants for anti-obesity potential: An investigation on bioactive constituents from Oroxylum indicum (L.) Kurz bark. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 197:138-146. [PMID: 27469197 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.07.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE As an effort to identify newer anti-obesity lead(s) we have selected 13 plant materials from the six plant species which have been reported in Indian Ayurvedic medicine as remedy against complications affecting glucose and lipid homeostasis. AIM OF THE STUDY In vitro screening of six Indian Ayurvedic medicinal plants on anti-adipogenic and pancreatic lipase (PL) inhibition potential followed by bioactivity guided isolation from most active plant material. MATERIALS AND METHODS In vitro anti-adipogenic assay using 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and pancreatic lipase (PL) inhibition assay were performed for hexanes, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts of all the plant materials. Bioactivity guided isolation approach was used to identify active constituent for anti-adipogenesis and PL inhibition assay. Inhibition of lipid accumulation and adipogenic transcription factor was measured by oil Red 'O' staining and quantitative real-time PCR method respectively. RESULTS Ethyl acetate extract of Oroxylum indicum bark was found to be most active in screening of anti-adipogenesis (59.12±1.66% lipid accumulation as compared to control at 50μg/mL dose) and PL inhibition (89.12±6.87% PL inhibition at 250μg/mL dose) assays. Further, three bioactive flavonoids were isolated and identified as oroxylin A, chrysin and baicalein from O. indicum bark. Oroxylin A, chrysin, and baicalein were inhibited lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes (75.00±5.76%, 70.21±4.23% and 77.21±5.49% lipid accumulation respectively in comparison to control at 50μM dose) and PL enzyme (69.86±2.96%, 52.08±2.14% and 45.06±2.42% PL inhibition respectively at 250μg/mL dose). In addition, oroxylin A and chrysin also inhibited PPARγ and C/EBPα, major adipogenic transcription factors, in 3T3L-1 preadipocytes during adipogenesis process at 50μM dose. CONCLUSION The present study augurs the anti-obesity potential of well practiced Ayurvedic herb O. indicum and its flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Mangal
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Pragyanshu Khare
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab 160071, India
| | - Sneha Jagtap
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Mahendra Bishnoi
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab 160071, India
| | | | - Kamlesh Kumar Bhutani
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab 160062, India.
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Thakur M, Kumawat MK, Srivastava R. Multifunctional graphene quantum dots for combined photothermal and photodynamic therapy coupled with cancer cell tracking applications. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra25976f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
An Indian fig tree serves as a green factory by providing withered leaves as a carbon source for graphene quantum dots synthesis. The quantum dots are multi-functional and have tremendous theranostic biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukeshchand Thakur
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai
- India
| | - Mukesh Kumar Kumawat
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai
- India
| | - Rohit Srivastava
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai
- India
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Baldissera MD, Souza CF, Grando TH, Doleski PH, Boligon AA, Stefani LM, Monteiro SG. Hypolipidemic effect of β-caryophyllene to treat hyperlipidemic rats. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2016; 390:215-223. [PMID: 27913825 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-016-1326-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of β-caryophyllene on hypercholesterolemia using a model of hyperlipidemia induced by Triton WR-1339 in rats, as well as its possible effect on hepatic antioxidant enzymes. Thus, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were measured in serum, while reactive oxygen species (ROS), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutayl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities were measured in the hepatic tissue. In addition, seric concentrations of β-caryophyllene were measured to perform correlation studies. Serum samples from hypercholesterolemic rats show higher (p < 0.05) levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL cholesterol, and lower (p < 0.05) levels of HDL cholesterol compared to non-hypercholesterolemic rats. β-Caryophyllene treatment reduced (p < 0.05) the levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL cholesterol, similar to the reference drug simvastatin. However, HDL cholesterol levels did not increase with the treatment. β-Caryophyllene treatment was able to inhibit the HMG-CoA reductase activity, as well as to prevent the increase on ROS and TBARS levels, and ameliorate the antioxidant system. In summary, our findings demonstrated that β-caryophyllene has hypolipidemic effect via inhibition of the hepatic HMG-CoA reductase, like the standard drug simvastatin, and this inhibition suggests a possible mechanism of hypolipidemic action. Thus, our results indicate that β-caryophyllene can be used to treat dyslipidemic diseases because it exerts a similar effect as the reference drug, protecting the liver against lipid damage and improving the hepatic antioxidant defense system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus D Baldissera
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| | - Carine F Souza
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Thirssa H Grando
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Pedro H Doleski
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Aline A Boligon
- Laboratory of Phytochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Lenita M Stefani
- Graduate School of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Silvia G Monteiro
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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