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Ariefta NR, Sofian FF, Aboshi T, Kuncoro H, Dinata DI, Shiono Y, Nishikawa Y. Evaluation of the antiplasmodial and anti-Toxoplasma activities of several Indonesian medicinal plant extracts. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 331:118269. [PMID: 38697409 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Malaria, caused by Plasmodium parasites, remains a significant global health challenge, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. At the same time, the prevalence of toxoplasmosis has been reported to be 30% worldwide. Traditional medicines have long played a vital role in discovering and developing novel drugs, and this approach is essential in the face of increasing resistance to current antimalarial and anti-Toxoplasma drugs. In Indonesian traditional medicine, various plants are used for their therapeutic properties. This study focuses on eleven medicinal plants from which nineteen extracts were obtained and screened for their potential medicinal benefits against malaria and toxoplasmosis. AIMS OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of extracts from Indonesian medicinal plants to inhibit Plasmodium falciparum, a parasite responsible for malaria, and Toxoplasma gondii, an opportunistic parasite responsible for toxoplasmosis. METHODS Nineteen extracts from eleven plants were subjected to in vitro screening against P. falciparum 3D7 (a chloroquine-sensitive strain) and the T. gondii RH strain. In vitro treatments were conducted on P. falciparum 3D7 and K1 (multidrug-resistant strains) using the potent extracts, and in vivo assessments were carried out with mice infected with P. yoelii 17XNL. LCMS analysis was also conducted to identify the main components of the most effective extract. RESULTS Seven extracts showed significant antiplasmodial activity (>80% inhibition) at a concentration of 100 μg/ml. These extracts were obtained from Dysoxylum parasiticum (Osbeck) Kosterm., Elaeocarpus glaber (Bl.) Bijdr., Eleutherine americana Merr., Kleinhovia hospita L., Peronema canescens Jack, and Plectranthus scutellarioides (L.) R.Br. Notably, the D. parasiticum ethyl acetate extract exhibited high selectivity and efficacy both in vitro and in vivo. Herein, the key active compounds oleamide and erucamide were identified, which had IC50 values (P. falciparum 3D7/K1) of 17.49/23.63 μM and 32.49/51.59 μM, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study highlight the antimalarial potential of plant extracts collected from Indonesia. Particularly, extracts from D. parasiticum EtOH and EtOAc stood out for their low toxicity and strong antiplasmodial properties, with the EtOAc extract emerging as a notably promising antimalarial candidate. Key compounds identified within this extract demonstrate the complexity of extracts' action against malaria, potentially targeting both the parasite and the host. This suggests a promising approach for developing new antimalarial strategies that tackle the multifaceted challenges of drug resistance and disease management. Future investigations are necessary to unlock the full therapeutic potential of these extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanang Rudianto Ariefta
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan.
| | - Ferry Ferdiansyah Sofian
- Department of Life, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Wakaba-machi 1-23, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, 997-8555, Japan; Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Sumedang, West Java, 45363, Indonesia.
| | - Takako Aboshi
- Department of Life, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Wakaba-machi 1-23, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, 997-8555, Japan.
| | - Hadi Kuncoro
- Pharmaceutical Research and Development Laboratory of Farmaka Tropis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, East Kalimantan, 75119, Indonesia.
| | - Deden Indra Dinata
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bhakti Kencana University, Soekarno-Hatta 754, Bandung, West Java, 40286, Indonesia.
| | - Yoshihito Shiono
- Department of Life, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Wakaba-machi 1-23, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, 997-8555, Japan.
| | - Yoshifumi Nishikawa
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan.
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Samadd MA, Hossain MJ, Zahan MS, Islam MM, Rashid MA. A comprehensive account on ethnobotany, phytochemistry and pharmacological insights of genus Celtis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29707. [PMID: 38726115 PMCID: PMC11078770 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The plants of Celtis L. genus have been traditionally used to cure aches, sore throats, fevers, cancer, sexually transmitted diseases, sexual weakness, diarrhea, stomach problems, amenorrhea, menstrual disorders, kidney stones, and pain. The review aims to give a comprehensive account of the current state of ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, and biological activities of the Celtis genus, as well as to describe the potential area of future avenues. Information on the Celtis genus was obtained from internet sources such as Google Scholar, Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and so on by using appropriate keywords, including ethnobotanical, pharmacological, pharmaceutical, bioactivity, phytochemistry, and botanical features of the Celtis genus. This review identified 14 species in the genus Celtis that have a phytopharmacological investigation, including C.africana Burm. f., C. australis L., C. occidentalis L., C. sinensis Pers., C. philippensis Blanco., C. tetrandra Roxb., C. tessmannii Rendle., C. jessoensis Koidz., C. adolfi-friderici Engl., C. iguanaea (Jacq.) Sarg., C. laevigata Wild., C. pallida Torr., C. zenkeri Engl., and C. tournefortii Lam. This genus contains many classified phytoconstituents, such as terpenoids, organic acids, flavonoids, and volatile compounds. Their extracts and pure substances have been shown to have the same anticancer, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, urease-inhibiting, and antidiarrheal properties as their traditional uses. In terms of current information on ethnopharmacology, phytochemicals, and pharmacological uses, the data acquired in this review could be beneficial and needed for future research. Some phytoconstituents (for instance, kaempferol, myricetin, quercetin, and eugenol) and extracts (for example, leaves, seeds, and ripe fruits extracts of C. australis) showed tremendous results in preliminary testing with promising antimicrobial, anticancer, and urease inhibitory effects. Further research and clinical investigations are needed to develop them as lead compounds and neutraceuticals, which may provide an advance over traditional medicinal systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abdus Samadd
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Bangladesh, South Purbachal, Dhaka, 1461, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Jamal Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Bangladesh, South Purbachal, Dhaka, 1461, Bangladesh
| | - Miss Sharmin Zahan
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Bangladesh, South Purbachal, Dhaka, 1461, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Monirul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Bangladesh, South Purbachal, Dhaka, 1461, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad A. Rashid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
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Cervello M, Augello G, Cocco L, Ratti S, Follo MY, Martelli AM, Cusimano A, Montalto G, McCubrey JA. The potential of the nutraceutical berberine in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma and other liver diseases such as NAFLD and NASH. Adv Biol Regul 2024; 92:101032. [PMID: 38693042 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2024.101032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common cancer which unfortunately has poor outcomes. Common anti-cancer treatments such as chemotherapy and targeted therapy have not increased patient survival significantly. A common treatment for HCC patients is transplantation, however, it has limitations and complications. Novel approaches are necessary to more effectively treat HCC patients. Berberine (BBR) is a nutraceutical derived from various fruits and trees, which has been used for centuries in traditional medicine to treat various diseases such as diabetes and inflammation. More recently, the anti-proliferation effects of BBR have been investigated in the treatment of patients with various cancers, especially colorectal cancer, and in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). In this review, we will focus on studies with BBR in liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melchiorre Cervello
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council (CNR), Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppa Augello
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council (CNR), Palermo, Italy
| | - Lucio Cocco
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Ratti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Matilde Y Follo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alberto M Martelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonella Cusimano
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council (CNR), Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Montalto
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council (CNR), Palermo, Italy; Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, PROMISE, University of Palermo School of Medicine, Palermo, Italy
| | - James A McCubrey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA.
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Mottaghipisheh J, Kamali M, Doustimotlagh AH, Nowroozzadeh MH, Rasekh F, Hashempur MH, Iraji A. A comprehensive review of ethnomedicinal approaches, phytochemical analysis, and pharmacological potential of Vitex trifolia L. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1322083. [PMID: 38576489 PMCID: PMC10991721 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1322083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Plants, renowned for their rich reservoir of metabolites, play a pivotal role in addressing health-related issues. The Verbenaceae family stands out, showcasing immense potential in preventing and treating chronic diseases. Vitex trifolia L. (V. trifolia), a shrub with a rich history in traditional medicine, particularly in Eastern Asia, has garnered attention for its diverse therapeutic applications. This comprehensive review aims to bridge traditional knowledge and contemporary insights by investigating ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, and pharmacological effects of V. trifolia. The keyword "V. trifolia" and its synonyms were searched within the main scientific databases including PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and Baidu Scholar (from 1974 to 2022, last search: 21.10.2023). Phytochemical analyses reveal a spectrum of secondary metabolites in V. trifolia, including terpenoids, flavonoids, lignans, phytosterols, anthraquinones, and fatty acids. Notably, terpenoids and flavonoids emerge as the main bioactive metabolites. Pharmacological studies validate its therapeutic potential, demonstrating significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, anticancer, anti-amnesic, antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-malaria, antispasmodic activities, and reported insecticidal effects. Despite existing literature exploring pharmacological attributes and secondary metabolites of related species, a conspicuous gap exists, specifically focusing on the pharmacological activities and novel methods of purification of pure metabolites from V. trifolia. This review aimed to fill this gap by delving into traditional medicinal applications, exploring secondary metabolites comprehensively, and providing an in-depth analysis of pharmacological effects of pure metabolites. Combining traditional uses with contemporary pharmacological insights, this article sought to serve as a crucial reference for future research and practical application of V. trifolia. This approach contributes substantially to understanding the plant, fostering scientific inquiry, and facilitating its broader application in healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Mottaghipisheh
- Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Department of Persian Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Marzie Kamali
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Doustimotlagh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Nowroozzadeh
- Ophthalmology Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rasekh
- Department of Biology, Payame Noor University (PNU), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hashem Hashempur
- Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Department of Persian Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Aida Iraji
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Bulbul IJ, Hossain MJ, Haque MR, Al-Mansur MA, Hasan CM, Al Hasan A, Rashid MA. Two rare flavonoid glycosides from Litsea glutinosa (Lour.) C. B. Rob.: experimental and computational approaches endorse antidiabetic potentiality. BMC Complement Med Ther 2024; 24:69. [PMID: 38302935 PMCID: PMC10832099 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-024-04337-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Litsea glutinosa (Lour.) C. B. Rob. belongs to the Litsea genus and is categorized under the family of Lauraceae. The study aimed to investigate the phytoconstituents and pharmacological properties of methanol extract of leaves of Litsea glutinosa, focusing on antidiabetic activity via in vivo and in silico techniques. METHODS Extensive chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques were applied to isolate and characterize the constituents from the L. glutinosa plant species. The antidiabetic activity was studied in streptozotocin-induced diabetes mice, and the computational study of the isolated compounds was carried out by utilizing AutoDock Vina programs. In addition, the pharmacokinetic properties in terms of absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) and toxicological profiles of the isolated compounds were examined via in silico techniques. RESULTS In the present study, two flavonoid glycosides 4΄-O-methyl (2 ̋,4 ̋-di-E-p-coumaroyl) afzelin (1) and quercetin 3-O-(2 ̋,4 ̋-di-E-p-coumaroyl)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (2) were isolated from the leaves of L. glutinosa and characterized by 1H and 13C NMR, COSY, HSQC, HMBC, and mass spectral data. Although compounds 1 and 2 have been reported twice from Machilis litseifolia and Lindera akoensis, and Machilis litseifolia and Mammea longifolia, respectively, this is the first report of this isolation from a Litsea species. Administering the methanolic extract of L. glutinosa at doses of 300 and 500 mg/kg/day to mice with diabetes induced by streptozotocin led to a significant decrease in fasting blood glucose levels (p < 0.05) starting from the 7th day of treatment. Besides, the computational study and PASS analysis endorsed the current in vivo findings that the both isolated compounds exerted higher binding affinities to human pancreatic α-amylase and aldose reductase than the conventional drugs. The in silico ADMET analysis revealed that the both isolated compounds have a favorable pharmacokinetic and safety profile suitable for human consumption. CONCLUSION According to the current outcomes obtained from in vivo and in silico techniques, the leaf extract of L. glutinosa could be a natural remedy for treating diabetes, and the isolated phytoconstituents could be applied against various illnesses, mainly hyperglycemia. However, more investigations are required for extensive phytochemical isolation and pharmacological activities of these phytoconstituents against broader targets with exact mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israt Jahan Bulbul
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, 252, Tejgaon Industrial Area, Dhaka, 1208, Bangladesh
| | - Md Jamal Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Bangladesh, South Purbachal, Kanchan, Dhaka, 1461, Bangladesh.
| | - Mohammad Rashedul Haque
- Phytochemical Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh.
| | - Muhammad Abdullah Al-Mansur
- Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dr. Qudrat-I-Khuda Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Choudhury M Hasan
- Phytochemical Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Abdullah Al Hasan
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, 252, Tejgaon Industrial Area, Dhaka, 1208, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad A Rashid
- Phytochemical Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh.
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Gao T, Lin L, Yang Q, Zhu Z, Wang S, Xie T, Liao W. The raw and vinegar-processed Curcuma phaeocaulis Val. ameliorate TAA-induced zebrafish liver injury by inhibiting TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117246. [PMID: 37778523 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Liver injury, the main factor in the pathogenesis of most liver diseases, is a known contributor to acute liver failure, liver fibrosis, or liver cancer. Curcuma phaeocaulis Val. (PEZ) has been broadly used in treating liver injury with satisfying therapeutic effects; however, the mechanism is still unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to explore the mechanism of PEZ in ameliorating thioacetamide (TAA)-induced zebrafish liver injury based on a comprehensive method integrating network-based computational prediction and experimental validations. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole exactive mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-Exactive MS/MS) analysis was used to analyze components in raw and vinegar-processed PEZ (VPEZ). Network pharmacology was used to construct a compound-target network for liver injury to predict the possible biological targets of PEZ along with potential signaling pathways. TAA-induced zebrafish larvae liver injury model was established, and the anti-liver injury effect of PEZ by a series of indexes was measured, including liver phenotype analysis, histopathological analysis of liver tissues, and biochemical indexes analysis. Remarkably, the predicted pathway by network pharmacology was further validated using RT-qPCR and Western blotting analyzes in animal experiments. RESULTS 40 chemical constituents derived from PEZ were identified, while 45 chemical components derived from VPEZ were identified. Based on it, 565 genes related to these identified compounds in PEZ and 1023 genes linked to liver injury were collected by network pharmacology. Critically, KEGG analysis indicated that the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway was recommended as one of the main pathways related to the anti-liver injury effect of PEZ. Experimentally, PEZ could alleviate TAA-induced liver injury. Compared to the liver injury model group without any treatment, the treatment of PEZ significantly reduced the expression of both mRNA and protein targets in the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway. In addition, the effect of VPEZ was more significant than that of the raw one. CONCLUSION The raw and vinegar-processed PEZ could ameliorate TAA-induced zebrafish liver injury through TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhui Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy/School of Modern Chinese Medicine Industry, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China.
| | - Liting Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy/School of Modern Chinese Medicine Industry, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China.
| | - Qingsong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy/School of Modern Chinese Medicine Industry, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China.
| | - Zongping Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy/School of Modern Chinese Medicine Industry, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China.
| | - Shuyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy/School of Modern Chinese Medicine Industry, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China.
| | - Tian Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy/School of Modern Chinese Medicine Industry, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China.
| | - Wan Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy/School of Modern Chinese Medicine Industry, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China; Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3QT, UK.
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Mukta MM, Hossain MJ, Akter M, Banik B, Mithun MDMZ, Sarwar S, Arefin MS, Islam MR, Islam SN. Cardioprotection of Water Spinach ( Ipomoea aquatica), Wood Apple ( Limonia acidissima) and Linseed ( Linum usitatissimum L.) on Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity and Oxidative Stress in Rat Model. Nutr Metab Insights 2023; 16:11786388231212116. [PMID: 38024869 PMCID: PMC10666662 DOI: 10.1177/11786388231212116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the pharmacological efficacy of 3 functional foods (Water spinach, Wood apple, and Linseed) against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity and oxidative stress in rat models. Methods Twenty-five Wistar Albino rats (male and female) were equally classified into 5 groups. Except for the normal control (NC) group, the animals received 2.5 mg/kg doxorubicin (DOX) intra-peritoneal injection at 48 hours intervals to create a dose of 15 mg/kg overall for 14 days. Simply a standard diet was given to the NC and DOX groups. In the 3 treatment groups such as water spinach (DOX + WS), wood apple (DOX + WA), and linseed (DOX + LS), rats were given 14 gm/day/rat fried water spinach, mashed wood apple, roasted linseed, respectively mixed with regular rat diet at 1:1 ratio. Blood and heart samples were collected by sacrificing all the rats on the last of the experiment day (the 15th day). LDH (lactate dehydrogenase), CK-MB (creatine kinase myocardial band), MDA (malondialdehyde), and SOD (superoxide dismutase) were analyzed. Additionally, histopathological analysis was conducted for final observation. Results The functional foods were indicated to lower the serum cardiac biomarkers (LDH and CK-MB) as well as stress marker (MDA) significantly (P < .05) and improved heart function and oxidative stress. However, the change in serum SOD level was noted as statistically insignificant (P > .05). The biochemical outcomes of the food intervention groups were supported by the histological findings found in those groups. Conclusion Consuming the investigated foods containing antioxidant phytochemicals may combat cardiac toxicity and oxidative stress. Nonetheless, thorough investigations and clinical monitoring are required to understand these functional foods' mechanism of action and dose-response effects in treating cardiotoxicity and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maisha Majid Mukta
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Jamal Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mousumi Akter
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Badhan Banik
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Sneha Sarwar
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Saidul Arefin
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Rabiul Islam
- School of Pharmacy, BRAC University, Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sheikh Nazrul Islam
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Mohammed HA, Ewees MG, Mahmoud NI, Ali HM, Amin E, Abdel-Bakky MS. Involvement of PI3K/HIF-1α/c-MYC/iNOS Pathway in the Anticancer Effect of Suaeda vermiculata in Rats. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1470. [PMID: 37895941 PMCID: PMC10609837 DOI: 10.3390/ph16101470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Suaeda vermiculata Forssk. ex JF Gmel. (SV), a traditional known plant, has shown in vitro cytotoxic activity against HepG2 and HepG-2/ADR (doxorubicin-resistant cells) liver cell carcinoma cell lines, as well as hepatoprotection against paracetamol and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver injury. The current study evaluated the protective effect of SV, administered against N-diethylnitrosamine (NDEA)-induced HCC in rats. The possible modulatory effect of SV on the PI3K/HIF-1α/c-MYC/iNOS pathway was investigated. Sixty male adult albino rats (200 ± 10 g) were equally classified into five groups. Group I served as a control; Group 2 (SV control group) received SV (p.o., 200 mg/kg body weight); Group 3 (NDEA-administered rats) received freshly prepared NDEA solution (100 mg/L); and Groups 4 and 5 received simultaneously, for 16 weeks, NDEA + SV extract (100 and 200 mg/kg, orally). NDEA-treated rats displayed significant increases in serum levels of AFP, CEA, PI3K, malondialdehyde (MDA), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFR), with increased liver tissue protein expression of fibrinogen concomitant and significantly decreased concentrations of antioxidant parameters (catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and reduced glutathione (GSH)) in comparison to normal rats. On the flip side, AFP, CEA, PI3K, MDA, EGFR, and VEGFR serum levels were significantly reduced in rats that received NDEA with SV, both at low (SV LD) and high (SV HD) doses, accompanied by significant improvements in antioxidant parameters compared to the NDEA-treated group. Conclusions: SV possesses a significant hepatoprotective effect against NDEA-induced HCC via inhibiting the PI3K/HIF-1α/c-MYC/iNOS pathway, suggesting that SV could be a promising hepatocellular carcinoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamdoon A. Mohammed
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Mohamed G. Ewees
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef 11787, Egypt; (M.G.E.); (N.I.M.)
| | - Nesreen I. Mahmoud
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef 11787, Egypt; (M.G.E.); (N.I.M.)
| | - Hussein M. Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Elham Amin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S. Abdel-Bakky
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
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9
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Rahman MM, Soma MA, Sultana N, Hossain MJ, Sufian MA, Rahman MO, Rashid MA. Exploring therapeutic potential of Woodfordia fruticosa (L.) Kurz leaf and bark focusing on antioxidant, antithrombotic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antidiarrheal properties. Health Sci Rep 2023; 6:e1654. [PMID: 37885464 PMCID: PMC10599101 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims The study aimed to evaluate the pharmacological properties of methanolic extracts of leaves and barks of Woodfordia fruticosa (L.) Kurz (family: Lythraceae) focusing on antioxidant, thrombolytic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, analgesic, and antidiarrheal effects. Methods 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay, clot lysis, disc diffusion, and membrane stabilizing methods were employed to assess in vitro antioxidant, thrombolytic, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties of the leaf and bark methanolic extracts (ME) of W. fruticosa and different organic solvents, that is, petroleum ether (PE), dichloromethane (DCM), chloroform (CL), and aqueous (AQ) fractions. In addition, in vivo central and peripheral analgesic and antidiarrheal activities of both crude extracts were evaluated at two doses (200 and 400 mg/kg of body weight [bw]). Results All the extracts and fractions showed promising antioxidant properties by scavenging DDPH free radicals with IC50 of 6.11-20.79 μg/mL. AQ fraction (41.24%) of leaves and ME (44.90%) of bark exerted notable in vitro thrombolytic activity. The CL fraction of leaves and AQ fraction of the bark showed 43.16% and 45.37% inhibition of RBC hemolysis, respectively, compared to the inhibition of RBC hemolysis by aspirin in a hypotonic-induced membrane stabilizing assay. Besides, both extracts were observed to provide significant (p < 0.001) central and peripheral analgesic responses at both doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg bw. Furthermore, both doses of bark extract (p < 0.001) and the 400 mg/kg bw of leaf extract (p < 0.05) were observed to possess statistically significant antidiarrheal activity. Additionally, in an in vivo acute toxicity investigation, both extracts had a median lethal dose (LD50) greater than 5000 mg/kg bw, indicating their safety level. Conclusion The current study proves the ethnomedicinal uses of W. fruticosa; however, further studies are required for phytochemical screening to isolate the responsible bioactive compounds and discover the lead molecules from the plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Mahfuzur Rahman
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Research Division, BCSIR Chattogram LaboratoriesBangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial ResearchChattogramBangladesh
| | | | - Nahid Sultana
- Department of BotanyJagannath UniversityDhakaBangladesh
| | - Md. Jamal Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical SciencesState University of BangladeshDhakaBangladesh
| | - Md. Abu Sufian
- Marketing Strategy DepartmentIncepta Pharmaceuticals Ltd.DhakaBangladesh
| | - M. Oliur Rahman
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Biological SciencesUniversity of DhakaDhakaBangladesh
| | - Mohammad A. Rashid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of DhakaDhakaBangladesh
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Rahman MO, Ahmed SS, Alqahtani AS, Cakilcioğlu U, Akbar MA. Insight into novel inhibitors from Sterculia urens against Cholera via pharmacoinformatics and molecular dynamics simulation approaches. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-22. [PMID: 37668010 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2254841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
The underdeveloped countries with large populations are facing a grave global threat in the form of cholera. Vibrio cholerae, the etiologic agent of Cholera has drawn attention recently due to antimicrobial resistance and resulting outbreaks that necessitates establishment of novel medications to counteract virulence and viability of the pathogen. Sterculia urens Roxb. (Malvaceae) is an ethnomedicinally important tree, which harbors a good number of bioactive phytocompounds. In the present study, 53 phytocompounds of S. urens were screened against the promising target ToxT of V. cholerae employing structure-based drug design approach that revealed three lead compounds, viz., 4,4,5,8-Tetramethylchroman-2-ol (-8.2 kcal/mol), Beta-Bisabolol (-8.2 kcal/mol) and Ledol (-8.7 kcal/mol) with satisfactory ADMET properties. Molecular dynamics simulation for 150 ns unveiled notable compactness and structural stability for the lead compounds considering RMSD, RMSF, Rg, MolSA, PSA and protein-ligand contacts parameters. Molecular mechanics-based MM/GBSA binding energy calculation revealed Beta-Bisabolol (-66.74 kcal/mol) to have better scores than 4,4,5,8-Tetramethylchroman-2-ol (-47.42 kcal/mol) and Ledol (-65.79 kcal/mol). Enzymes were mostly found as drug target class, and Nabilone was found as a structurally similar analog for 4,4,5,8-Tetramethylchroman-2-ol. These discoveries could aid in revealing new antibacterial medications targeting ToxT to combat Cholera.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Oliur Rahman
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sheikh Sunzid Ahmed
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ali S Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Uğur Cakilcioğlu
- Department of Botany, Pertek Sakine Genç Vocational School, Munzur University, Tunceli, Pertek, Turkey
| | - Mohammad Ahsanul Akbar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, USA
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Rashid PT, Hossain MJ, Zahan MS, Hasan CM, Rashid MA, Al-Mansur MA, Haque MR. Chemico-pharmacological and computational studies of Ophiorrhiza fasciculata D. Don and Psychotria silhetensis Hook. f. focusing cytotoxic, thrombolytic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20100. [PMID: 37809757 PMCID: PMC10559867 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study sought to examine the pharmacological potentials of crude methanolic extracts of Ophiorrhiza fasciculata and Psychotria silhetensis, as well as their various solvent fractionates, with a focus on cytotoxic, thrombolytic, membrane stabilizing, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities via in vitro and in silico approaches. The extensive chromatographic and spectroscopic analyses confirmed and characterized two compounds as (±)-licarin B (1) and stigmasterol (2) from O. fasciculata and P. silhetensis, respectively. Petroleum ether soluble fraction of O. fasciculata and the aqueous soluble fraction of P. silhetensis showed the lowest 50% lethal concentrations (1.41 and 1.94 μg/mL, respectively) in brine shrimp bioassay. Likewise, petroleum ether soluble fraction of O. fasciculata and aqueous soluble fraction of P. silhetensis showed the highest thrombolytic activity with 46.66% and 50.10% lyses of the clot, respectively. The methanol and dichloromethane soluble fractions of O. fasciculata reduced erythrocyte hemolysis by 64.03% and 37.08%, respectively, under hypotonic and heat-induced conditions, compared to 81.97% and 42.12% for standard acetylsalicylic acid. In antioxidant activity test, aqueous soluble fraction O. fasciculata (IC50 = 7.22 μg/mL) revealed promising antioxidant potentialities in comparison to standard butylated hydroxytoluene (IC50 = 21.20 μg/mL). In antibacterial screening, chloroform, and dichloromethane soluble fractions of P. silhetensis showed a mild antibacterial activity compared with the standard drug ciprofloxacin. Additionally, the molecular docking study corroborated the current in vitro findings, and the isolated two constituents had higher binding affinities toward epidermal growth factor receptor, tissue plasminogen activator, vFLIP-IKK gamma stapled peptide dimer, glutathione reductase, and dihydrofolate reductase enzyme than their corresponding standard drugs. In addition, the both isolated compounds exerted favorable pharmacokinetics (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion) and toxicological profiles with drug-like qualities in computational-based ADMET and drug likeliness analyses. The current research suggests that both plants have potential as a natural treatment for treating thrombosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress. However, more thorough research is required to thoroughly screen for phytochemicals and pinpoint the precise mechanisms of action of the bioactive metabolites derived from these plants against a broad range of molecular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Tamannur Rashid
- Phytochemical Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
- Department of Pharmacy, East West University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Jamal Hossain
- Phytochemical Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, 77 Satmasjid Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Miss Sharmin Zahan
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, 77 Satmasjid Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Choudhury Mahmood Hasan
- Phytochemical Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad A. Rashid
- Phytochemical Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Muhammad Abdullah Al-Mansur
- Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dr. Qudrat-I-Khuda Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Rashedul Haque
- Phytochemical Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
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Zhang M, Lai J, Wu Q, Lai J, Su J, Zhu B, Li Y. Naringenin Induces HepG2 Cell Apoptosis via ROS-Mediated JAK-2/STAT-3 Signaling Pathways. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28114506. [PMID: 37298981 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocarcinoma is one of the most prevalent digestive system tumors worldwide and lacks effective therapy. Recently, naringenin has been isolated from some citrus fruits, and its anticancer effects have been tested. However, the molecular mechanisms of naringenin and the potential implications of oxidative stress in naringenin-induced cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells remain elusive. Based on the above, the present study examined the effect of naringenin on the cytotoxic and anticancer mechanisms of HepG2 cells. Naringenin-induced HepG2 cell apoptosis was confirmed via the accumulation of the sub-G1 cell population, phosphatidylserine exposure, mitochondrial transmembrane potential loss, DNA fragmentation, caspase-3 activation, and caspase-9 activation. Furthermore, naringenin enhanced cytotoxic effects on HepG2 cells and triggered intracellular reactive oxygen species; the signaling pathways of JAK-2/STAT-3 were inhibited, and caspase-3 was activated to advance cell apoptosis. These results suggest that naringenin plays an important role in inducing apoptosis in HepG2 cells and that naringenin may be a promising candidate for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Anomalies, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Jianmei Lai
- Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Qianlong Wu
- Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Jia Lai
- Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Jingyao Su
- Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Bing Zhu
- Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Yinghua Li
- Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
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Sureshkumar J, Jenipher C, Sriramavaratharajan V, Gurav SS, Gandhi GR, Ravichandran K, Ayyanar M. Genus Equisetum L: Taxonomy, toxicology, phytochemistry and pharmacology. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 314:116630. [PMID: 37207877 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The genus Equisetum (Equisetaceae) is cosmopolitan in distribution, with 41 recognized species. Several species of Equisetum are widely used in treating genitourinary and related diseases, inflammatory and rheumatic problems, hypertension, and wound healing in traditional medicine practices worldwide. This review intends to present information on the traditional uses, phytochemical components, pharmacological activities, and toxicity of Equisetum spp. and to analyze the new insights for further study. METHODS Relevant literature has been scanned and collected via various electronic repositories, including PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Springer Connect, and Science Online, from 1960 to 2022. RESULTS Sixteen Equisetum spp. were documented as widely used in traditional medicine practices by different ethnic groups throughout the world. A total of 229 chemical compounds were identified from Equisetum spp. with the major group of constituents being flavonol glycosides and flavonoids. The crude extracts and phytochemicals of Equisetum spp. exhibited significant antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antiulcerogenic, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, and diuretic properties. A wide range of studies have also demonstrated the safety of Equisetum spp. CONCLUSION The reported pharmacological properties of Equisetum spp. support its use in traditional medicine, though there are gaps in understanding the traditional usage of these plants for clinical experiments. The documented information revealed that the genus is not only a great herbal remedy but also has several bioactives with the potential to be discovered as novel drugs. Detailed scientific investigation is still needed to fully understand the efficacy of this genus; hence, very few Equisetum spp. were studied in detail for phytochemical and pharmacological investigation. Moreover, its bioactives, structure-activity connection, in vivo activity, and associated mechanism of action ought to be explored further.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Sureshkumar
- Department of Botany, Sri Kaliswari College (Autonomous), (Affiliated to Madurai Kamaraj University), Sivakasi, 626 123, India.
| | - C Jenipher
- Department of Botany, A.V.V.M. Sri Pushpam College (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Poondi, Thanjavur, 613 503, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - V Sriramavaratharajan
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, 613 401, India.
| | - S S Gurav
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Goa College of Pharmacy, Panaji, Goa University, Goa, 403 001, India.
| | - G Rajiv Gandhi
- Department of Biosciences, Rajagiri College of Social Sciences, Kalamaserry, Kochi, 683104, India.
| | - K Ravichandran
- Department of Physics, A.V.V.M. Sri Pushpam College (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Poondi, Thanjavur, 613 503, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - M Ayyanar
- Department of Botany, A.V.V.M. Sri Pushpam College (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Poondi, Thanjavur, 613 503, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Kour R, Sharma N, Showkat S, Sharma S, Nagaiah K, Kumar S, Kaur S. Methanolic fraction of Cassia fistula L. bark exhibits potential to combat oxidative stress and possess antiproliferative activity. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2023; 86:296-312. [PMID: 36919564 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2023.2189435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cassia fistula L. is well known for its traditional medicinal properties as an anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, antifungal, antibacterial, antimutagenic, and wound healing agent. The aim of the present study was to determine antioxidant, genoprotective, and cytotoxic potential of different fractions of C. fistula bark including hexane (CaMH), chloroform (CaMC), ethyl acetate (CaME), and methanol (CaMM). Among all the fractions studied, CaMM exhibited maximal radical scavenging activity in antioxidant DPPH assay, Superoxide anion radical scavenging assay and nitric oxide radical scavenging assay displayed an IC50 value of 18.95, 29.41, and 13.38 µg/ml, respectively. CaMM fraction possessed the highest phenolic (130.37 mg gallic acid equivalent/g dry weight of extract) and flavonoid (36.96 mg rutin equivalent/g dry weight of fraction) content. Data demonstrated significant positive correlation between polyphenol levels and radical scavenging activity. Single cell gel electrophoresis (Comet assay) exhibited genoprotective potential of C. fistula bark fractions against DNA damage induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in human lymphocytes. CaMM fraction displayed highest protective ability against H2O2 induced-toxicity as evidenced by significant decrease in % tail DNA content from 30 to 7% at highest concentration (200 µg/ml). CaMM was found to be rich in catechin, gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, and kaempferol. The phenolic content and antioxidant ability of the fractions was markedly negatively correlated with H2O2- induced DNA damage in human lymphocytes. Cytotoxic potential was evaluated against dermal epidermoid carcinoma (A431), pancreatic (MIA PaCa-2) and brain glioblastoma (LN-18) cancer cell lines using MTT assay. Results showed that C. fistula bark fractions possessed highest toxicity against the skin carcinoma cells. CaMM fraction reduced over 50% cell growth at the concentration of 76.72 µg/ml in A431 cells. These findings suggest that fractions of C. fistula bark exhibit potential to be considered as therapeutic agents in various carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasdeep Kour
- Department of Botanical & Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Neha Sharma
- Department of Botanical & Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Sheikh Showkat
- Department of Botanical & Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Sunil Sharma
- Aquatic toxicology lab, Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Kommu Nagaiah
- Centre for natural products and Traditional knowledge, CSIR- Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Subodh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Centre for Advanced Studies, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Satwinderjeet Kaur
- Department of Botanical & Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
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Yuan C, Fan W, Zhou T, Sun D, Liu H, He Z, Wang Y. Ligand-free high loading capacity ursolic acid self-carried nanovesicles enable hepatocyte targeting via absorbing apolipoproteins. Int J Pharm 2023; 638:122931. [PMID: 37024066 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Ursolic acid (UA), a natural pentacyclic terpenoid carboxylic acid that can exert a potent hepatoprotective activity, has been developed into various types of nanoparticles to improve its pharmacological effects, however, the phagocytosis of nanoparticles by Kupffer cells greatly limits its efficacy. Herein, UA/Tween 80 nanovesicles (V-UA) were constructed and despite its simple composition, it fulfills multiple functions simultaneously: UA served as not only an active ingredient in the nanovesicle drug delivery system, but also acts as part of the carrier to stabilize UA/Tween 80 nanostructure; with a molar ratio of UA to Tween 80 up to 2:1, the formulation possesses a significant advantage of higher drug loading capacity; relative to liposomal UA (Lipo-UA), a conditional cellular uptake and higher accumulation of V-UA in hepatocytes provide insights into the hepatocytes targeting mechanisms of this nanovesicles. Favorable hepatocyte targeting ability also facilitates the treatment of liver diseases, which was well validated in three liver disease models.
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Alshehri FS, Alorfi NM. Protective role of resveratrol against VCM-induced hepatotoxicity in male wistar rats. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1130670. [PMID: 36825158 PMCID: PMC9941161 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1130670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Vancomycin is a glycopeptide antibiotic with a high risk of acute liver injury. Resveratrol is believed to protect the liver against toxicity. Aim: To investigate the ability of resveratrol to attenuate vancomycin-induced liver toxicity in rats injected with vancomycin. Method: Twenty-four adult male Wistar rats were distributed into three groups. The control group received only a vehicle, while the treated group received either vancomycin 200 (mg/kg, i. p.) only or vancomycin (200 mg/kg, i. p.) with resveratrol (20 mg/kg, oral gavage). All groups received their dose once daily for 7 days. Hepatic damage was assessed by measuring biochemical parameter levels in serum, aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Also, antioxidants and inflammation biomarkers such as Interleukin-6 (IL-6), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and glutathione (GSH) were measured. Furthermore, the vancomycin-induced pathological changes in the liver were evaluated by histopathological studies. Results: In the vancomycin-treated group, hepatic serum biomarkers such as AST, ALT, ALP, IL-6, and MDA were elevated, while NO and GSH were depleted. However, resveratrol co-treatment with vancomycin prevented the elevation of AST, ALT, ALP, IL-6, and MDA and it protected the liver from NO and GSH depletion. Also, regarding vancomycin-induced degeneration of hepatocytes, resveratrol co-treatment with vancomycin prevented such degeneration and improved mononuclear cells in the liver. Conclusion: The results showed that oral administration of resveratrol has a significant hepatoprotective effect against vancomycin-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nasser M. Alorfi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Mazumder A, Sharma A, Azad MAK. A Comprehensive Review of the Pharmacological Importance of Dietary Flavonoids as Hepatoprotective Agents. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2023; 2023:4139117. [PMID: 37123086 PMCID: PMC10147524 DOI: 10.1155/2023/4139117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The liver is a crucial organ that is involved in various kinds of metabolic activity and a very stable accessory gland for the digestive system. Long-term or persistent inflammation and oxidative stress due to any reasons have a substantial impact on the beginning and continuation of chronic diseases such as hepatocellular carcinoma, liver cirrhosis, liver fibrosis, and other hepatic conditions. There are many sources which can help the liver to be healthy and enhance its metabolic potential of the liver. Since the diet is rich origin of bioactive along with antioxidant chemicals including flavonoids and polyphenols, it can control different stages of inflammation and hepatic diseases. Numerous food sources, notably vegetables, nuts, fruits, cereals, beverages, and herbal medicinal plants, are rich in bioactive chemicals called flavonoids and their derivatives like Flavones, Anthocyanins, Iso-flavonoid, Flavanones, Flavanols, and Flavan-3-ols. Most recently occurred research on flavonoids has demonstrated that they can regulate hepatoprotective properties. This is because they are essential parts of pharmaceutical and nutraceutical products due to their hepatoprotective, antioxidative, and immune-modulating characteristics. However, the characteristics of their hepatoprotective impact remain unclear. The purpose of this comprehensive review is to survey the flavonoid structure and enriched sources for their hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects concerning liver toxicity or injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avijit Mazumder
- Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute) 19, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida 201306, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashwani Sharma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MVN University, Palwal 121105, Haryana, India
| | - Md. A. K. Azad
- Department of Pharmacy, Daffodil International University, Daffodil Smart City, Birulia 1216, Bangladesh
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Younis N, Khan MI, Zahoor T, Faisal MN. Phytochemical and antioxidant screening of Moringa oleifera for its utilization in the management of hepatic injury. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1078896. [PMID: 36590207 PMCID: PMC9797499 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1078896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Phytochemicals present in Moringa oleifera (M. oleifera) leaves have performed several physiological functions in human system such as anticarcinogenic, antidiabetic, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, hepatoprotective and antiatherogenic functions. Methods Phytochemical and antioxidant potential of M. oleifera leaves extracts were measured. Histopathology, biochemical analysis, and gene expression tests were performed on serum, blood, and liver in animal model. Results and discussions The toxic dose of N-acetyl-para-aminophenol (APAP) induced severe structural and functional changes in liver. Pre-treatment with M. oleifera ameliorated organ injury by normalizing the level of liver biomarkers and serum proteins. A low expression level of MAPK-8, TRAF-4, and TRAF-6 genes was observed in the M. oleifera treated group in comparison to positive control (hepatotoxic rats). M. oleifera leaves pretreatment amended APAP induced apoptosis and replenished hepatic cells. M. oleifera leaves extract as low-cost and sustainable treatment could be used in pharmaceutical industry for reducing hepatic degenerative changes in non-communicable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor Younis
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Issa Khan
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan,*Correspondence: Muhammad Issa Khan,
| | - Tahir Zahoor
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naeem Faisal
- Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Ripa FA, Hossain MJ, Munira MS, Roy A, Riya FH, Alam F, Feda FB, Taslim U, Nesa ML, Rashid MA, Alghamdi S, Almehmadi M, Abdulaziz O, Alsaidi A, Khidir EB. Phytochemical and pharmacological profiling of Trewia nudiflora Linn. leaf extract deciphers therapeutic potentials against thrombosis, arthritis, helminths, and insects. OPEN CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2022-0244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The objective of the current study was to examine the phytochemical and in vitro thrombolytic, anti-arthritic, anthelmintic, and insecticidal effects of Trewia nudiflora (TN) methanolic leaf extract with its methanol (MTN), chloroform (CTN), and ethyl acetate (ETN) fractions. Pheretima posthuma and Tribolium castaneum were employed for evaluating the antihelmintic and insecticidal properties, respectively. All the tested extracts showed the presence of copious potential constituents in phytochemical analysis. Among all extracts, MTN extract exhibited the utmost clot lysis (35.95 ± 4.81%) property compared to standard streptokinase (SK) (53.77 ± 7.52%). All samples displayed striking protein denaturation activity in a dose-dependent manner (100–500 µg/mL), where the highest inhibition was observed for MTN (67.26 ± 6.39% at 500 µg/mL). Each extract demonstrated considerable anthelmintic activity at 25–75 mg/mL dose ranges. ETN showed the strongest anthelmintic activity at the highest dose. Among all samples, the CTN extract displayed the utmost mortality rate (77.22%) in the insecticidal test. The results of the study suggest that T. nudiflora leaf extracts may have potential against thrombosis, arthritis, helminths, and insects, which warrants the necessity of extensive isolation and identification of bioactive compounds to develop newer effective drugs upon preclinical and clinical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhana Alam Ripa
- School of Pharmacy, Brac University, 41-Pacific Tower , Mohakhali , Dhaka-1212 , Bangladesh
| | - Md. Jamal Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh , 77 Satmasjid Road , Dhanmondi , Dhaka-1205 , Bangladesh
| | - Mst Shirajum Munira
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University , Banani , Dhaka 1213 , Bangladesh
| | - Arpita Roy
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology, Sharda University , Greater Noida , India
| | - Fahmida Haque Riya
- School of Pharmacy, Brac University, 41-Pacific Tower , Mohakhali , Dhaka-1212 , Bangladesh
| | - Fowzia Alam
- School of Pharmacy, Brac University, 41-Pacific Tower , Mohakhali , Dhaka-1212 , Bangladesh
| | - Farjeen Binte Feda
- School of Pharmacy, Brac University, 41-Pacific Tower , Mohakhali , Dhaka-1212 , Bangladesh
| | - Umiya Taslim
- School of Pharmacy, Brac University, 41-Pacific Tower , Mohakhali , Dhaka-1212 , Bangladesh
| | - Mst. Luthfun Nesa
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh , 77 Satmasjid Road , Dhanmondi , Dhaka-1205 , Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad A. Rashid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka , Dhaka-1000 , Bangladesh
| | - Saad Alghamdi
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University , Makkah , Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazen Almehmadi
- Clinical Laboratories Science Department, College of Applied Medical Science , Taif University , Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama Abdulaziz
- Clinical Laboratories Science Department, College of Applied Medical Science , Taif University , Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Elshiekh Babiker Khidir
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University , Makkah , Saudi Arabia
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Farzana M, Hossain MJ, El-Shehawi AM, Sikder MAA, Rahman MS, Al-Mansur MA, Albogami S, Elseehy MM, Roy A, Uddin MA, Rashid MA. Phenolic Constituents from Wendlandia tinctoria var. grandis (Roxb.) DC. Stem Deciphering Pharmacological Potentials against Oxidation, Hyperglycemia, and Diarrhea: Phyto-Pharmacological and Computational Approaches. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27185957. [PMID: 36144691 PMCID: PMC9505740 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Wendlandia tinctoria var. grandis (Roxb.) DC. (Family: Rubiaceae) is a semi-evergreen shrub distributed over tropical and subtropical Asia. The present research intended to explore the pharmacological potential of the stem extract of W. tinctoria, focusing on the antioxidant, hypoglycemic, and antidiarrheal properties, and to isolate various secondary metabolites as mediators of such activities. A total of eight phenolic compounds were isolated from the dichloromethane soluble fraction of the stem extract of this plant, which were characterized by electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometric and 1H NMR spectroscopic data as liquiritigenin (1), naringenin (2), apigenin (3), kaempferol (4), glabridin (5), ferulic acid (6), 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (7), and 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (8). The dichloromethane soluble fraction exhibited the highest phenolic content (289.87 ± 0.47 mg of GAE/g of dried extract) and the highest scavenging activity (IC50 = 18.83 ± 0.07 µg/mL) against the DPPH free radical. All of the isolated compounds, except 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, exerted a higher antioxidant effect (IC50 = 6.20 ± 0.10 to 16.11 ± 0.02 μg/mL) than the standard butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) (IC50 = 17.09 ± 0.01 μg/mL). Significant hypoglycemic and antidiarrheal activities of the methanolic crude extract at both doses (200 mg/kg bw and 400 mg/kg bw) were observed in a time-dependent manner. Furthermore, the computational modeling study supported the current in vitro and in vivo findings, and the isolated constituents had a higher or comparable binding affinity for glutathione reductase and urase oxidase enzymes, glucose transporter 3 (GLUT 3), and kappa-opioid receptor, inferring potential antioxidant, hypoglycemic, and antidiarrheal properties, respectively. This is the first report of all of these phenolic compounds being isolated from this plant species and even the first demonstration of the plant stem extract’s antioxidant, hypoglycemic, and antidiarrheal potentials. According to the current findings, the W. tinctoria stem could be a potential natural remedy for treating oxidative stress, hyperglycemia, and diarrhea. Nevertheless, further extensive investigation is crucial for thorough phytochemical screening and determining the precise mechanisms of action of the plant-derived bioactive metabolites against broad-spectrum molecular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamtaz Farzana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Jamal Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, 77 Satmasjid Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh
- Correspondence: or (M.J.H.); or (M.A.R.); Tel.: +880-1517-814-866 (M.J.H.); +880-1711-947-741 (M.A.R.)
| | - Ahmed M. El-Shehawi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md. Al Amin Sikder
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Sharifur Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Muhammad Abdullah Al-Mansur
- Institute of National Analytical Research and Service (INARS), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dr. Qudrat-I-Khuda Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Sarah Albogami
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona M. Elseehy
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Alexandria, Alexandria 21545, Egypt
| | - Arpita Roy
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, India
| | - M. Aftab Uddin
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad A. Rashid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
- Correspondence: or (M.J.H.); or (M.A.R.); Tel.: +880-1517-814-866 (M.J.H.); +880-1711-947-741 (M.A.R.)
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Phytochemical and Pharmacological Profiling of Heritiera fomes Buch. Ham. Deciphered Thrombolytic, Antiarthritic, Anthelmintic, and Insecticidal Potentialities via In Vitro Approach. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:2594127. [PMID: 35928245 PMCID: PMC9345727 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2594127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Medicinal plants have been crucial in treating various chronic ailments since ancient times. The objective of this study was to evaluate in vitro pharmacological properties of petroleum ether, chloroform, and ethyl acetate soluble fractions of ethanolic extract (leaf, bark, and root) of Heritiera fomes Buch. Ham., including the phytochemical screening of the plant. Thrombolytic and antiarthritic properties were assessed through the clot lysis and protein denaturation experimental method, correspondingly. Anthelmintic and insecticidal activities were studied against Pheretima posthuma and Tribolium castaneum, respectively. The phytochemical analysis exhibited numerous active phytochemicals in different solvent fractions. In thrombolytic investigation, among all crude extracts, ethanolic leaf extract showed the highest 33.12 ± 7.52% clot lysis as compared to standard streptokinase (67.77 ± 9.78%). In antiarthritic assay, all the tested samples exhibited noteworthy protein denaturation in dose-dependent manner (100–500 μg/mL), whereas the utmost percentage inhibition was noticed for chloroform extract of roots (63.28 ± 5.96% at 500 μg/mL). All crude extracts exhibited a significant anthelmintic activity in different concentrations (25–75 mg/mL) and revealed paralysis and death of earthworms in comparison with albendazole; ethanolic extract of the bark was found to be more potent at the highest dose. For the insecticidal test, ethanolic extract of the leaf showed the utmost mortality rate (73%). The outcomes of the investigation confirmed the potential thrombolytic, antiarthritic, anthelmintic, and insecticidal activities of the different extracts of H. fomes, and hence, advanced studies on the isolation and identification of active phytocompounds are highly needed for new drug development.
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Ethnobotanical Uses, Phytochemistry, Toxicology, and Pharmacological Properties of Euphorbia neriifolia Linn. against Infectious Diseases: A Comprehensive Review. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27144374. [PMID: 35889247 PMCID: PMC9319654 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal plants have considerable potential as antimicrobial agents due to the presence of secondary metabolites. This comprehensive overview aims to summarize the classification, morphology, and ethnobotanical uses of Euphorbia neriifolia L. and its derived phytochemicals with the recent updates on the pharmacological properties against emerging infectious diseases, mainly focusing on bacterial, viral, fungal, and parasitic infections. The data were collected from electronic databases, including Google Scholar, PubMed, Semantic Scholar, ScienceDirect, and SpringerLink by utilizing several keywords like 'Euphorbia neriifolia', 'phytoconstituents', 'traditional uses', 'ethnopharmacological uses', 'infectious diseases', 'molecular mechanisms', 'COVID-19', 'bacterial infection', 'viral infection', etc. The results related to the antimicrobial actions of these plant extracts and their derived phytochemicals were carefully reviewed and summarized. Euphol, monohydroxy triterpene, nerifoliol, taraxerol, β-amyrin, glut-5-(10)-en-1-one, neriifolione, and cycloartenol are the leading secondary metabolites reported in phytochemical investigations. These chemicals have been shown to possess a wide spectrum of biological functions. Different extracts of E. neriifolia exerted antimicrobial activities against various pathogens to different extents. Moreover, major phytoconstituents present in this plant, such as quercetin, rutin, friedelin, taraxerol, epitaraxerol, taraxeryl acetate, 3β-friedelanol, 3β-acetoxy friedelane, 3β-simiarenol, afzelin, 24-methylene cycloarenol, ingenol triacetate, and β-amyrin, showed significant antimicrobial activities against various pathogens that are responsible for emerging infectious diseases. This plant and the phytoconstituents, such as flavonoids, monoterpenoids, diterpenoids, triterpenoids, and alkaloids, have been found to have significant antimicrobial properties. The current evidence suggests that they might be used as leads in the development of more effective drugs to treat emerging infectious diseases, including the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19).
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Yousuf S, Shabir S, Singh MP. Protection Against Drug-Induced Liver Injuries Through Nutraceuticals via Amelioration of Nrf-2 Signaling. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN NUTRITION ASSOCIATION 2022; 42:495-515. [PMID: 35771985 DOI: 10.1080/27697061.2022.2089403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Hepatotoxicity caused by the overdose of various medications is a leading cause of drug-induced liver injury. Overdose of drugs causes hepatocellular necrosis. Nutraceuticals are reported to prevent drug-induced liver failure. The present article aims to review the protection provided by various medicinal plants against hepatotoxic drugs. Ayurveda is considered a conventional restorative arrangement in India. It is consistently used for ages and is still used today to cure drug-induced hepatotoxicity by focusing on antioxidant stress response pathways such as the nuclear factor erythroid-2 (Nrf-2) antioxidant response element signaling pathway. Nrf-2 is a key transcription factor that entangles Kelch-like ECH-associating protein 1, a protein found in the cell cytoplasm. Some antioxidant enzymes, such as gamma glycine cysteine ligase (γ-GCL) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), are expressed in Nrf-2 targeted genes. Their expression, in turn, decreases the stimulation of hepatic macrophages and induces the messenger RNA (mRNA) articulation of proinflammatory factors including tumor necrosis factor α. This review will cover various medicinal plants from a mechanistic view and how they stimulate and interact with Nrf-2, the master regulator of the antioxidant response to counterbalance oxidative stress. Interestingly, therapeutic plants have become popular in the medical sector due to safer yet effective supplementation for the prevention and treatment of new human diseases. The contemporary study is expected to collect information on a variety of therapeutic traditional herbs that have been studied in the context of drug-induced liver toxicity, as nutraceuticals are the most effective treatments for oxidative stress-induced hepatotoxicity. They are less genotoxic, have a lower cost, and are readily available. Together, nutraceuticals exert protective effects against drug-induced hepatotoxicity through the inhibition of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Its mechanism(s) are considered to be associated with the γ-GCL/HO-1 and Nrf-2 signaling pathways. KEY TEACHING POINTSThe liver is the most significant vital organ that carries out metabolic activities of the body such as the synthesis of glycogen, the formation of triglycerides and cholesterol, as well as the formation of bile.Acute liver failure is caused by the consumption of certain drugs; drug-induced liver injury is the major condition.The chemopreventive activity of nutraceuticals may be related to oxidative stress reduction and attenuation of biosynthetic processes involved in hepatic injury via amelioration of the nuclear factor erythroid-2 (Nrf-2) signaling pathway.Nrf-2 is a key transcription factor that is found in the cell cytoplasm resulting in the expression of various genes such as gamma glycine cysteine ligase and heme oxygenase-1.Nutraceutical-rich phytochemicals possess high antioxidant activity, which helps in the prevention of hepatic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumaira Yousuf
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Shabnam Shabir
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Mahendra P Singh
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
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Jannat T, Hossain MJ, El-Shehawi AM, Kuddus MR, Rashid MA, Albogami S, Jafri I, El-Shazly M, Haque MR. Chemical and Pharmacological Profiling of Wrightia coccinea (Roxb. Ex Hornem.) Sims Focusing Antioxidant, Cytotoxic, Antidiarrheal, Hypoglycemic, and Analgesic Properties. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134024. [PMID: 35807270 PMCID: PMC9268577 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to conduct phytochemical and pharmacological investigations of Wrightia coccinea (Roxb. ex Hornem.) Sims via several in vitro, in vivo, and in silico models. A total of four compounds were identified and isolated from the methanol extract of the bark and the methanol extract of the seed pulp of W. coccinea through successive chromatographic techniques and were characterized as 3β-acetyloxy-olean-12-en-28-ol (1), wrightiadione (2), 22β-hydroxylupeol (3), and β-sitosterol (4) by spectroscopic analysis. The aqueous fraction of the bark and chloroform fraction of the fruits provided the most potent antioxidant capacity (IC50 = 7.22 and 4.5 µg/mL, respectively) in DPPH free radical scavenging assay compared with the standard ascorbic acid (IC50 = 17.45 µg/mL). The methanol bark extract and the methanol fruit coat extract exerted anti-diarrheal activity by inhibiting 74.55 ± 0.67% and 77.78 ± 1.5% (mean ± SEM) of the diarrheal episode in mice, respectively, after four hours of loading the samples. In the hypoglycemic test, the methanol bark extract and the methanol fruit coat extract (400 mg/kg) produced a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in the blood glucose level in mice. Both doses of the plant extracts (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg) used in the study induced a significant (p < 0.05) increase in pain reaction time. The in vitro and in vivo findings were supported by the computational studies. The isolated compounds exhibited higher binding affinity compared with the standard drugs towards the active binding sites of glutathione reductase, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), kappa opioid receptor, glucose transporter 3 (GLUT 3), Mu opioid receptor, and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) proteins due to their potent antioxidant, cytotoxic, anti-diarrheal, hypoglycemic, and central and peripheral analgesic properties, respectively. The current findings concluded that W. coccinea might be a potential natural source for managing oxidative stress, diarrhea, hyperglycemia, and pain. Further studies are warranted for extensively phytochemical screening and establishing exact mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tabassum Jannat
- Phytochemical Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh; (T.J.); (M.R.K.); (M.A.R.)
- Department Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Jamal Hossain
- Phytochemical Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh; (T.J.); (M.R.K.); (M.A.R.)
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, 77 Satmasjid Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh
- Correspondence: or (M.J.H.); (M.R.H.); Tel.: +88-01517-814-866 (M.J.H.); +88-01700-731-681 (M.R.H.)
| | - Ahmed M. El-Shehawi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.E.-S.); (S.A.); (I.J.)
| | - Md. Ruhul Kuddus
- Phytochemical Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh; (T.J.); (M.R.K.); (M.A.R.)
| | - Mohammad A. Rashid
- Phytochemical Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh; (T.J.); (M.R.K.); (M.A.R.)
| | - Sarah Albogami
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.E.-S.); (S.A.); (I.J.)
| | - Ibrahim Jafri
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.E.-S.); (S.A.); (I.J.)
| | - Mohamed El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo (GUC), Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Mohammad Rashedul Haque
- Phytochemical Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh; (T.J.); (M.R.K.); (M.A.R.)
- Correspondence: or (M.J.H.); (M.R.H.); Tel.: +88-01517-814-866 (M.J.H.); +88-01700-731-681 (M.R.H.)
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Mitra S, Lami MS, Uddin TM, Das R, Islam F, Anjum J, Hossain MJ, Emran TB. Prospective multifunctional roles and pharmacological potential of dietary flavonoid narirutin. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 150:112932. [PMID: 35413599 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant-based phytochemicals are now being used to treat plenty of physiological diseases. Herbal drugs have gained popularity in recent years because of their strength, purity, and cheap cost-effectiveness. Citrus fruits contain significant amounts of flavanones, which falls to the category of polyphenols. Flavanones occupy a major fraction of the total polyphenols present in the plasma when orange juice is taken highly or in moderate states. Narirutin is a disaccharide derivative available in citrus fruits, primarily dihydroxy flavanone. From a pharmacological viewpoint, narirutin is a bioactive phytochemical with therapeutic efficacy. Many experimental researches were published on the use of narirutin. Anticancer activity, neuroprotection, stress relief, hepatoprotection, anti-allergic activity, antidiabetic activity, anti-adipogenic activity, anti-obesity action, and immunomodulation are a couple of the primary pharmacological properties. Narirutin also has antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. The ultimate goal of this review is to provide the current scenario of pharmacological research with narirutin; to make a better understanding for therapeutic potential of narirutin, as well as its biosynthesis strategies and side effects. Extensive literature searches and studies were undertaken to determine the pharmacological properties of narirutin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saikat Mitra
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Mashia Subha Lami
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Tanvir Mahtab Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Rajib Das
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Fahadul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Juhaer Anjum
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Md Jamal Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, 77 Satmasjid Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh.
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Pharmacological Potential of Avicennia alba Leaf Extract: An Experimental Analysis Focusing on Antidiabetic, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, and Antidiarrheal Activity. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:7624189. [PMID: 35572728 PMCID: PMC9106461 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7624189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Avicennia alba is a mangrove plant that is extensively used to treat severe health issues. This focus of this study was to investigate the antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antidiarrheal activities of methanolic extract of A. alba leaves in Swiss albino mouse model. The antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antidiarrheal activities of the leaf extract were performed using alloxan-monohydrate, carrageenan-induced paw edema, acetic acid-induced writhing test and the hot plate method, and castor oil-induced method, respectively. The extract was used at doses ranging from 200 to 500 mg/kg to conduct the investigation. Leaf extract at 400 and 500 mg/kg showed potent antidiabetic activity in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. Advanced research is needed to control blood glucose levels and carrageenan paw edema-based anti-inflammatory effects. Both tests showed statistically significant result in a dose-dependent manner. The maximum dose (500 mg/kg) demonstrated potent analgesic activity in both writhing test and hot plate method. The plant extract also showed significant antidiarrheal activity at 400 and 500 mg/kg in experimental mice. However, more research is needed to explore the possible mechanisms and isolate the compounds associated with these bioactivities from the leaf extract of A. alba.
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Inhibition of Aldose Reductase by Novel Phytocompounds: A Heuristic Approach to Treating Diabetic Retinopathy. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:9624118. [PMID: 35356240 PMCID: PMC8959960 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9624118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Aldose reductase (ALR2) activation in the polyol pathway has been implicated as the primary mechanism for the progression of diabetic retinopathy. Most of the aldose reductase inhibitors (ARIs), used for the treatment of diabetic complications, were withdrawn due to ineffective treatment and adverse side effects caused by nonspecificity. Epalrestat, a carboxylic acid inhibitor, is the only ARI used for the treatment of diabetic neuropathy, though associated with minor side effects to 8% of the treated population. Our study exploited the interactions of Epalrestat-ALR2 crystal structure for the identification of specific phytocompounds that could inhibit human lens ALR2. 3D structures of plant compounds possessing antidiabetic property were retrieved from PubChem database for inhibition analysis, against human lens ALR2. Among the shortlisted compounds, Agnuside and Eupalitin-3-O-galactoside inhibited lens ALR2 with IC50 values of 22.4 nM and 27.3 nM, respectively, compared to the drug Epalrestat (98 nM), indicating high potency of these compounds as ALR2 inhibitors. IC50 concentration of the identified ARIs was validated in vitro using ARPE-19 cells. The in silico and in vitro approaches employed to identify and validate specific and potent ALR2 inhibitors resulted in the identification of phytocompounds with potency equal to or better than the ALR2 inhibiting drug, Epalrestat.
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The Multifunctional Role of Herbal Products in the Management of Diabetes and Obesity: A Comprehensive Review. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27051713. [PMID: 35268815 PMCID: PMC8911649 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and diabetes are the most demanding health problems today, and their prevalence, as well as comorbidities, is on the rise all over the world. As time goes on, both are becoming big issues that have a big impact on people’s lives. Diabetes is a metabolic and endocrine illness set apart by hyperglycemia and glucose narrow-mindedness because of insulin opposition. Heftiness is a typical, complex, and developing overall wellbeing worry that has for quite some time been connected to significant medical issues in individuals, all things considered. Because of the wide variety and low adverse effects, herbal products are an important hotspot for drug development. Synthetic compounds are not structurally diverse and lack drug-likeness properties. Thus, it is basic to keep on exploring herbal products as possible wellsprings of novel drugs. We conducted this review of the literature by searching Scopus, Science Direct, Elsevier, PubMed, and Web of Science databases. From 1990 until October 2021, research reports, review articles, and original research articles in English are presented. It provides top to bottom data and an examination of plant-inferred compounds that might be utilized against heftiness or potentially hostile to diabetes treatments. Our expanded comprehension of the systems of activity of phytogenic compounds, as an extra examination, could prompt the advancement of remedial methodologies for metabolic diseases. In clinical trials, a huge number of these food kinds or restorative plants, as well as their bioactive compounds, have been shown to be beneficial in the treatment of obesity.
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Chakraborty AJ, Uddin TM, Matin Zidan BMR, Mitra S, Das R, Nainu F, Dhama K, Roy A, Hossain MJ, Khusro A, Emran TB. Allium cepa: A Treasure of Bioactive Phytochemicals with Prospective Health Benefits. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:4586318. [PMID: 35087593 PMCID: PMC8789449 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4586318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
As Allium cepa is one of the most important condiment plants grown and consumed all over the world, various therapeutic and pharmacological effects of A. cepa were reviewed. Onion (Allium cepa) is a high dietary fiber-rich perennial herb that is placed under the family Amaryllidaceae. It contains high concentration of folic acid, vitamin B6, magnesium, calcium, potassium, and phosphorus as well as vitamins and minerals. It is widely used as an antimicrobial agent, but it showed anticancer, antidiabetic, antioxidant, antiplatelet, antihypertensive, and antidepressant effects and neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and antiparasitic effects and so on. It is said to have beneficial effects on the digestive, circulatory, and respiratory systems, as well as on the immune system. This review article was devoted to discussing many health benefits and traditional uses of onions in pharmacological perspectives, as well as the safety/toxicological profile. If more detailed research on this perennial herb is conducted, it will open the door to an infinite number of possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arka Jyoti Chakraborty
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Tanvir Mahtab Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | | | - Saikat Mitra
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Rajib Das
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Firzan Nainu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Tamalanrea, Kota Makassar, Sulawesi Selatan 90245, Indonesia
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Arpita Roy
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, India
| | - Md. Jamal Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, 77 Satmasjid Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Ameer Khusro
- Research Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Loyola College, Chennai 34, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh
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Sarwar S, Hossain MJ, Irfan NM, Ahsan T, Arefin MS, Rahman A, Alsubaie A, Alharthi B, Khandaker MU, Bradley DA, Emran TB, Islam SN. Renoprotection of Selected Antioxidant-Rich Foods (Water Spinach and Red Grape) and Probiotics in Gentamicin-Induced Nephrotoxicity and Oxidative Stress in Rats. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12010060. [PMID: 35054453 PMCID: PMC8780918 DOI: 10.3390/life12010060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The current study investigated the curative effects of two selected antioxidant-rich foods (water spinach and red grape) and probiotics on the kidney exposed to nephrotoxicity induced by gentamicin. METHODS A total of 30 Wistar Albino female rats equally divided into six groups were studied for seven days. Except for the normal control (NC) group, all groups received 80 mg/kg/day gentamicin (GEN) injection intra-peritoneally for seven days. NC and GEN groups received only regular diet. In the water spinach group (GEN + WS) and red grape (GEN + RG) groups, rats were provided with 20 g/rat/day of boiled water spinach and 5 mL/rat/day of red grape juice, respectively. The probiotic (GEN + P4) and (GEN + P8) groups received 4 × 109 and 8 × 109 viable bacteria, respectively. On the 8th day, all the rats were sacrificed to collect blood and kidney. Serum creatinine, urea, uric acid, malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were analyzed. In addition, kidney histopathology was taken for final observation. RESULTS Both antioxidant-rich foods and probiotic (P4) significantly (p < 0.05) attenuated the GEN-induced oxidative and nitrosative stress and improved kidney function by lowering uremic toxin (serum creatinine, and uric acid) levels. Histopathological findings of kidney tissues of all groups were consistent with the biochemical findings. CONCLUSION The current preclinical study suggests that the consumption of antioxidant-rich foods might be a promising fighting option against gentamycin-induced nephrotoxicity and oxidative stress. However, extensive studies and clinical monitoring are immediately required to determine the appropriate probiotic doses and mechanism of action for such effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Sarwar
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh; (S.S.); (N.M.I.); (T.A.); (M.S.A.)
| | - Md. Jamal Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, 77 Satmasjid Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh
- Correspondence: (M.J.H.); (S.N.I.); Tel.: +88-01517-81-4866 (M.J.H.); +88-01554-548543 (S.N.I.)
| | - Nafis Md. Irfan
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh; (S.S.); (N.M.I.); (T.A.); (M.S.A.)
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA
| | - Tamima Ahsan
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh; (S.S.); (N.M.I.); (T.A.); (M.S.A.)
| | - Md. Saidul Arefin
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh; (S.S.); (N.M.I.); (T.A.); (M.S.A.)
| | - Arebia Rahman
- Department of Pathology, Dhaka Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh;
| | - Abdullah Alsubaie
- Department of Physics, College of Khurma, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Badr Alharthi
- Department of Biology, University College of Al Khurmah, Taif University, PO. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mayeen Uddin Khandaker
- Centre for Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya 47500, Malaysia; (M.U.K.); (D.A.B.)
| | - David A. Bradley
- Centre for Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya 47500, Malaysia; (M.U.K.); (D.A.B.)
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guilford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh;
| | - Sheikh Nazrul Islam
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh; (S.S.); (N.M.I.); (T.A.); (M.S.A.)
- Correspondence: (M.J.H.); (S.N.I.); Tel.: +88-01517-81-4866 (M.J.H.); +88-01554-548543 (S.N.I.)
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