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Imam A, Suman SK, Vasavdutta S, Chatterjee S, Vempatapu BP, Ray A, Kanaujia PK. Degradation of multiple PAHs and co-contaminants by microbial consortia and their toxicity assessment. Biodegradation 2024; 35:299-313. [PMID: 37792261 DOI: 10.1007/s10532-023-10055-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
The anthropogenic activities toward meeting the energy requirements have resulted in an alarming rise in environmental pollution levels. Among pollutants, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are the most predominant due to their persistent and toxic nature. Amidst the several pollutants depuration methods, bioremediation utilizing biodegradation is the most viable alternative. This study investigated the biodegradation efficacy using developed microbial consortium PBR-21 for 2-4 ringed PAHs named naphthalene (NAP), anthracene (ANT), fluorene (FLU), and pyrene (PYR). The removal efficiency was observed up to 100 ± 0.0%, 70.26 ± 4.2%, 64.23 ± 2.3%, and 61.50 ± 2.6%, respectively, for initial concentrations of 400 mg L-1 for NAP, ANT, FLU, and PYR respectively. Degradation followed first-order kinetics with rate constants of 0.39 d-1, 0.10 d-1, 0.08 d-1, and 0.07 d-1 and half-lifet 1 / 2 of 1.8 h, 7.2 h, 8.5 h, and 10 h, respectively. The microbial consortia were found to be efficient towards the co-contaminants with 1 mM concentration. Toxicity examination indicated that microbial-treated PAHs resulted in lesser toxicity in aquatic crustaceans (Artemia salina) than untreated PAHs. Also, the study suggests that indigenous microbial consortia PBR-21 has the potential to be used in the bioremediation of PAH-contaminated environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arfin Imam
- Analytical Sciences Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum, Haridwar Road, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248005, India
- Material Resource Efficiency Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum, Haridwar Road, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248005, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Sunil Kumar Suman
- Material Resource Efficiency Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum, Haridwar Road, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248005, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
| | - Sonpal Vasavdutta
- CSIR-Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G.B. Marg, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, 364002, India
| | - Shruti Chatterjee
- CSIR-Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G.B. Marg, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, 364002, India
| | - Bhanu Prasad Vempatapu
- Analytical Sciences Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum, Haridwar Road, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248005, India
| | - Anjan Ray
- Analytical Sciences Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum, Haridwar Road, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248005, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Pankaj K Kanaujia
- Analytical Sciences Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum, Haridwar Road, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248005, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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Chane AD, Košnář Z, Hřebečková T, Jozífek M, Doležal P, Tlustoš P. Persistent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons removal from sewage sludge-amended soil through phytoremediation combined with solid-state ligninolytic fungal cultures. Fungal Biol 2024; 128:1675-1683. [PMID: 38575240 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2024.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widely present in the environment, causing increasing concern because of their impact on soil health, food safety and potential health risks. Four bioremediation strategies were examined to assess the dissipation of PAHs in agricultural soil amended with sewage sludge over a period of 120 days: soil-sludge natural attenuation (SS); phytoremediation using maize (Zea mays L.) (PSS); mycoremediation (MR) separately using three white-rot fungi (Pleurotus ostreatus, Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Irpex lacteus); and plant-assisted mycoremediation (PMR) using a combination of maize and fungi. In the time frame of the experiment, mycoremediation using P. chrysosporium (MR-PH) exhibited a significantly higher (P < 0.05) degradation of total PAHs compared to the SS and PSS treatments, achieving a degradation rate of 52 %. Both the SS and PSS treatments demonstrated a lower degradation rate of total PAHs, with removal rates of 18 % and 32 %, respectively. The PMR treatments showed the highest removal rates of total PAHs at the end of the study, with degradation rates of 48-60 %. In the shoots of maize, only low- and medium-molecular-weight PAHs were found in both the PSS and PMR treatments. The calculated translocation and bioconversion factors always showed values < 1. The analysed enzymatic activities were higher in the PMR treatments compared to other treatments, which can be positively related to the higher degradation of PAHs in the soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraham Demelash Chane
- Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Košnář
- Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic.
| | - Tereza Hřebečková
- Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Jozífek
- Department of Horticulture, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Doležal
- Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Tlustoš
- Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic
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Chane AD, Košnář Z, Hřebečková T, Wiesnerová L, Jozífek M, Doležal P, Praus L, Tlustoš P. Bioremediation of the synthetic musk compounds Galaxolide and Tonalide by white rot fungal strain-assisted phytoremediation in biosolid-amended soil. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 328:138605. [PMID: 37028715 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The study was aimed to conduct the bioremediation of synthetic musks by four species of white rot fungi combined with phytoremediation (Zea mays) in biosolid-amended soils where only Galaxolide (HHCB) and Tonalide (AHTN) were found as other musks were below the detection limit (0.5-2 μg/kg dw). The HHCB and AHTN concentration in natural attenuation treated soil was decreased by not more than 9%. In solely mycoremediation, Pleurotus ostreatus was found to be the most efficient fungal strain, with the higher (P < 0.05) HHCB and AHTN removal (51.3% and 46.4%). Phytoremediation-only of biosolid-amended soil was also able to remove HHCB and AHTN from soil significantly (P < 0.05) in comparison to the control treatment without plants which resulted in the final concentration for both compounds of 56.2 and 15.3 μg/kg dw, respectively. Using white rot fungus-assisted phytoremediation, only P. ostreatus decreased the HHCB content in soil significantly (P < 0.05) by 44.7%, when compared to the initial concentration. While using Phanerochaete chrysosporium, the AHTN concentration was decreased by 34.5%, which was a significantly lower concentration at the end of experiment compared to the initial value. Via fungus-assisted phytoremediation, the enzymatic activity and fungal biomass were increased, probably due to the presence of roots in association with the soil microbiome, in the process increasing the degradation of fragrances accordingly. This could lead to a higher (P < 0.05) AHTN removal in P. chrysosporium assisted phytoremediation. Estimated HHCB and AHTN bioaccumulation factors in maize were lower than 1, therefore no environmental risk would be posed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraham Demelash Chane
- Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Praha, Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Košnář
- Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Praha, Suchdol, Czech Republic.
| | - Tereza Hřebečková
- Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Praha, Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Wiesnerová
- Department of Horticulture, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Praha, Suchdol, Czech Republic; Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Charles University in Prague, Husova 3, 301 00, Plzeň, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Jozífek
- Department of Horticulture, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Praha, Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Doležal
- Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Praha, Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Praus
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Praha, Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Tlustoš
- Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Praha, Suchdol, Czech Republic
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Chatterjee A, Puri S, Sharma PK, Deepa PR, Chowdhury S. Nature-inspired Enzyme engineering and sustainable catalysis: biochemical clues from the world of plants and extremophiles. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1229300. [PMID: 37409164 PMCID: PMC10318364 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1229300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of enzymes to accelerate chemical reactions for the synthesis of industrially important products is rapidly gaining popularity. Biocatalysis is an environment-friendly approach as it not only uses non-toxic, biodegradable, and renewable raw materials but also helps to reduce waste generation. In this context, enzymes from organisms living in extreme conditions (extremozymes) have been studied extensively and used in industries (food and pharmaceutical), agriculture, and molecular biology, as they are adapted to catalyze reactions withstanding harsh environmental conditions. Enzyme engineering plays a key role in integrating the structure-function insights from reference enzymes and their utilization for developing improvised catalysts. It helps to transform the enzymes to enhance their activity, stability, substrates-specificity, and substrate-versatility by suitably modifying enzyme structure, thereby creating new variants of the enzyme with improved physical and chemical properties. Here, we have illustrated the relatively less-tapped potentials of plant enzymes in general and their sub-class of extremozymes for industrial applications. Plants are exposed to a wide range of abiotic and biotic stresses due to their sessile nature, for which they have developed various mechanisms, including the production of stress-response enzymes. While extremozymes from microorganisms have been extensively studied, there are clear indications that plants and algae also produce extremophilic enzymes as their survival strategy, which may find industrial applications. Typical plant enzymes, such as ascorbate peroxidase, papain, carbonic anhydrase, glycoside hydrolases and others have been examined in this review with respect to their stress-tolerant features and further improvement via enzyme engineering. Some rare instances of plant-derived enzymes that point to greater exploration for industrial use have also been presented here. The overall implication is to utilize biochemical clues from the plant-based enzymes for robust, efficient, and substrate/reaction conditions-versatile scaffolds or reference leads for enzyme engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - P. R. Deepa
- *Correspondence: P. R. Deepa, ; Shibasish Chowdhury,
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Li Y, Wang Z, Tian H, Megharaj M, Jia H, He W. Using soil enzyme V max as an indicator to evaluate the ecotoxicity of lower-ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil: Evidence from fluorescein diacetate hydrolase kinetics. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 874:162521. [PMID: 36868272 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescein diacetate hydrolase (FDA hydrolase) is a reliable biochemical biomarker of changes in soil microbial activity and quality. However, the effect and mechanism of lower-ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on soil FDA hydrolase are still unclear. In this work, we investigated the effects of two typical lower-ring PAHs, naphthalene (Nap) and anthracene (Ant), on the activity and kinetic characteristics of FDA hydrolases in six soils differing in their properties. Results demonstrated that the two PAHs severely inhibited the activities of the FDA hydrolase. The values of Vmax and Km dropped by 28.72-81.24 % and 35.84-74.47 % at the highest dose of Nap, respectively, indicating an uncompetitive inhibitory mechanism. Under Ant stress, the values of Vmax decreased by 38.25-84.99 %, and the Km exhibited two forms, unchanged and decreased (74.00-91.61 %), indicating uncompetitive and noncompetitive inhibition. The inhibition constant (Ki) of the Nap and Ant ranged from 0.192 to 1.051 and 0.018 to 0.087 mM, respectively. The lower Ki of Ant compared to Nap indicated a higher affinity for enzyme-substrate complex, resulting in higher toxicity of Ant than Nap to soil FDA hydrolase. The inhibitory effect of Nap and Ant on soil FDA hydrolase was mainly affected by soil organic matter (SOM). SOM influenced the affinity of PAHs with enzyme-substrate complex, which resulted in a difference in PAHs toxicity to soil FDA hydrolase. The enzyme kinetic Vmax was a more sensitive indicator than enzyme activity to evaluate the ecological risk of PAHs. This research offers a strong theoretical foundation for quality control and risk evaluation of PAH-contaminated soils through a soil enzyme-based approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agro-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ziquan Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agro-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Haixia Tian
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agro-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mallavarapu Megharaj
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Hanzhong Jia
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agro-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenxiang He
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agro-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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Sharma P, Bano A, Yadav S, Singh SP. Biocatalytic Degradation of Emerging Micropollutants. Top Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-023-01790-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
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7
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Marzuki I, Rosmiati R, Mustafa A, Sahabuddin S, Tarunamulia T, Susianingsih E, Hendrajat EA, Sahrijanna A, Muslimin M, Ratnawati E, Kamariah K, Nisaa K, Herlambang S, Gunawan S, Santi IS, Isnawan BH, Kaseng ES, Septiningsih E, Asaf R, Athirah A, Basri B. Potential Utilization of Bacterial Consortium of Symbionts Marine Sponges in Removing Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons and Heavy Metals, Review. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:86. [PMID: 36671778 PMCID: PMC9855174 DOI: 10.3390/biology12010086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Toxic materials in waste generally contain several components of the global trending pollutant category, especially PAHs and heavy metals. Bioremediation technology for waste management that utilizes microorganisms (bacteria) has not been fully capable of breaking down these toxic materials into simple and environmentally friendly chemical products. This review paper examines the potential application of a consortium of marine sponge symbionts with high performance and efficiency in removing PAHs and heavy metal contaminants. The method was carried out through a review of several related research articles by the author and published by other researchers. The results of the study conclude that the development of global trending pollutant (GTP) bioremediation technology could be carried out to increase the efficiency of remediation. Several types of marine sponge symbiont bacteria, hydrocarbonoclastic (R-1), metalloclastic (R-2), and metallo-hydro-carbonoclastic (R-3), have the potential to be applied to improve waste removal performance. A consortium of crystalline bacterial preparations is required to mobilize into GTP-exposed sites rapidly. Bacterial symbionts of marine sponges can be traced mainly to sea sponges, whose body surface is covered with mucus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Marzuki
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Fajar University, Makassar 90231, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
| | - Rosmiati Rosmiati
- Research Center for Fishery National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong 16911, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Akhmad Mustafa
- Research Center for Fishery National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong 16911, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Sahabuddin Sahabuddin
- Research Center for Fishery National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong 16911, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Tarunamulia Tarunamulia
- Research Center for Fishery National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong 16911, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Endang Susianingsih
- Research Center for Fishery National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong 16911, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Erfan Andi Hendrajat
- Research Center for Fishery National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong 16911, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Andi Sahrijanna
- Research Center for Fishery National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong 16911, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Muslimin Muslimin
- Research Center for Fishery National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong 16911, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Erna Ratnawati
- Research Center for Fishery National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong 16911, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Kamariah Kamariah
- Research Center for Fishery National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong 16911, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Khairun Nisaa
- Research Center for Fishery National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong 16911, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Susila Herlambang
- Soil Science Departement of Agriculture Faculty Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran, Yogyakarta 55283, DI Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Sri Gunawan
- Department of Agrotechnology, Institut Pertanian Stiper, Yogyakarta 55283, DI Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Idum Satia Santi
- Department of Agrotechnology, Institut Pertanian Stiper, Yogyakarta 55283, DI Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Bambang Heri Isnawan
- Department of Agrotechnology, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, Bantul 55183, DI Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ernawati Syahruddin Kaseng
- Agricultural Technology Education Department, Faculty of Engineering, Makassar State University, Makassar 90222, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
| | - Early Septiningsih
- Research Center for Conservation of Marine and Inland Water Resources, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong 16911, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Ruzkiah Asaf
- Research Center for Conservation of Marine and Inland Water Resources, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong 16911, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Admi Athirah
- Research Center for Conservation of Marine and Inland Water Resources, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong 16911, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Basri Basri
- Institute of Health Science (STIK), Makassar 90231, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
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Liu Y, Wei F, Xu R, Cheng T, Ma Y. Insights into the Binding Interaction of Catechol 1,2-Dioxygenase with Catechol in Achromobacter xylosoxidans DN002. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 195:298-313. [PMID: 36074236 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04129-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Microbial remediation has become one of the promising ways to eliminate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) pollution due to its efficient enzyme metabolism system. Catechol 1,2-dioxygenase (C12O) is a crucial rate-limiting enzyme in the degradation pathway of PAHs in Achromobacter xylosoxidans DN002 that opens the benzene ring through the ortho-cleavage pathway. However, little attention has been given to explore the interaction mechanism of relevant enzyme-substrate. This study aims to investigate the binding interaction between C12O of strain DN002 and catechol by means of a molecular biological approach combined with homology modeling, molecular docking, and multiple spectroscopies. The removal rate of catechol in the mutant strain of cat A deletion was only 12.03%, compared to the wild-type strain (54.21%). A Ramachandran plot of active site regions of the primary amino acid sequences in the native enzyme showed that 93.5% sequences were in the most favored regions on account of the results of homology modeling, while an additional 6.2% amino acid sequences were found in conditionally allowed regions, and 0.4% in generously allowed regions. The binding pocket of C12O with catechol was analyzed to obtain that the catalytic trimeric group of Tyr164-His224-His226 was proven to be great vital for the ring-opening reaction of catechol by molecular docking. In the native enzyme, binding complexes were spontaneously formed by hydrophobic interactions. Binding constants and thermodynamic potentials from fluorescence spectra indicated that catechol effectively quenched the intrinsic fluorescence of C12O in the C12O/catechol complex via conventional static and dynamic quenching mechanisms of C12O. The results of ultraviolet and visible (UV) spectra, synchronous fluorescence, and circular dichroism (CD) spectra revealed conspicuous changes in the local conformation, and site-directed mutagenesis confirmed the role of predicted key residues during catalysis, wherein His226 had a significant effect on catechol utilization by C12O. This is the first report to reveal interactions of C12O with substrate from the molecular docking results, providing the mechanistic understanding of representative dioxygenases involved in aromatic compound degradation, and a solid foundation for further site modifications as well as strategies for the directed evolution of this enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yani Liu
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Resources Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Rd, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengdan Wei
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Resources Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Rd, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Xu
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Resources Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Rd, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Cheng
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Resources Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Rd, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanling Ma
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Resources Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Rd, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, People's Republic of China.
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Tufail MA, Iltaf J, Zaheer T, Tariq L, Amir MB, Fatima R, Asbat A, Kabeer T, Fahad M, Naeem H, Shoukat U, Noor H, Awais M, Umar W, Ayyub M. Recent advances in bioremediation of heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 850:157961. [PMID: 35963399 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants are causing detrimental effects on the environment. The seepage of heavy metals through untreated industrial waste destroys the crops and lands. Moreover, incineration and combustion of several products are responsible for primary and secondary emissions of pollutants. This review has gathered the remediation strategies, current bioremediation technologies, and their primary use in both in situ and ex situ methods, followed by a detailed explanation for bioremediation over other techniques. However, an amalgam of bioremediation techniques and nanotechnology could be a breakthrough in cleaning the environment by degrading heavy metals and persistant organic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jawaria Iltaf
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan
| | - Tahreem Zaheer
- Department of Biological Physics, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Leeza Tariq
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 53700, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Bilal Amir
- Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology and Molecular Biology, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Rida Fatima
- School of Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Asbat
- Department of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tahira Kabeer
- Center of Agriculture Biochemistry and Biotechnology CABB, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Fahad
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Hamna Naeem
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Fatima Jinnah Women University, The Mall, 46000 Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Usama Shoukat
- Integrated Genomics Cellular Development Biology Lab, Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hazrat Noor
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Awais
- International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Wajid Umar
- Institute of Environmental Science, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gödöllő 2100, Hungary
| | - Muhaimen Ayyub
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Dume B, Hanc A, Svehla P, Michal P, Solcova O, Chane AD, Nigussie A. Nutrient recovery and changes in enzyme activity during vermicomposting of hydrolysed chicken feather residue. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2022:1-15. [PMID: 36368925 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2022.2147451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Chicken feathers are hazardous to the environment because of their poor digestibility and potential as a source of environmental contaminants. However, this waste contains valuable plant nutrients that can be recovered and used to improve soil fertility and agricultural productivity. The objectives of this study were to evaluate how effective vermicomposting is at recovering nutrients and changes in enzymatic activity during vermicomposting of hydrolysed chicken feather residues (HCFR). The study included four treatments with three replications at different HCFR and pelletized wheat straw (PWS) mixing proportions: (T1) 25% HCFR+75% PWS with earthworms, (T2) 25% HCFR+75% PWS without earthworms, (T3) 50% HCFR+50% PWS with earthworms, and (T4) 50% HCFR+50% PWS (w/w) without earthworms. Eisenia andrei was used in the experiment for 120 days. Earthworm treatments recovered more available plant nutrients than non-earthworm treatments by 14% N - NO 3 - (T1); 50% K (T3); 47% Mg (T3); 75% P (T3); 55% B (T3); 34% Cu (T3); 40% Fe (T1); 46% Mn (T3); 11% Zn (T1). However, N - NH 4 + was significantly reduced by -80% (T1). Acid phosphatase, arylsulphatase, alanine aminopeptidase, and leucine aminopeptidase were more active in the treatments with earthworms and positively correlated with P and C: N ratio. Alanine aminopeptidase (3752 µmol AMCA.g-1.h-1) and leucine aminopeptidase (4252 µmol AMCL.g-1.h-1) had higher activities in T3 on day 60 of vermicomposting. As a result, the earthworm treatment recovers more plant nutrients than the non-earthworm treatments, and it can be recommended as a better vermicomposting approach for nutrient recovery from HCFR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bayu Dume
- Faculty of Agrobiology, Food, and Natural Resources, Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ales Hanc
- Faculty of Agrobiology, Food, and Natural Resources, Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Svehla
- Faculty of Agrobiology, Food, and Natural Resources, Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Michal
- Faculty of Agrobiology, Food, and Natural Resources, Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Olga Solcova
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Abraham Demelash Chane
- Faculty of Agrobiology, Food, and Natural Resources, Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Abebe Nigussie
- Jimma University, College of Agriculture, Jimma, Ethiopia
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11
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Wu F, Wei P, Li X, Huang M, Zhou L, Liu Z. Research progress of rhizosphere effect in the phytoremediation of uranium-contaminated soil. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-022-08630-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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12
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Arikan B, Ozfidan-Konakci C, Yildiztugay E, Turan M, Cavusoglu H. Polystyrene nanoplastic contamination mixed with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: Alleviation on gas exchange, water management, chlorophyll fluorescence and antioxidant capacity in wheat. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 311:119851. [PMID: 35987286 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) constitute a significant environmental pollution group that reaches toxic levels with anthropogenic activities. The adverse effects of nanoplastics accumulating in ecosystems with the degradation of plastic wastes are also a growing concern. Previous studies have generally focused on the impact of single PAH or plastic fragments exposure on plants. However, it is well recognized that these contaminants co-exist at varying rates in agricultural soil and water resources. Therefore, it is critical to elucidate the phytotoxicity and interaction mechanisms of mixed pollutants. The current study was designed to comparatively investigate the single and combined effects of anthracene (ANT, 100 mg L-1), fluorene (FLU, 100 mg L-1) and polystyrene nanoplastics (PS, 100 mg L-1) contaminations in wheat. Plants exposed to single ANT, FLU and PS treatments demonstrated decline in growth, water content, high stomatal limitations and oxidative damage. The effect of ANT + FLU on these parameters was more detrimental. In addition, ANT and/or FLU treatments significantly suppressed photosynthetic capacity as determined by carbon assimilation rate (A) and chlorophyll a fluorescence transient. The antioxidant system was not fully activated (decreased superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and glutathione reductase) under ANT + FLU, then hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content (by 2.7-fold) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) (by 2.8-fold) increased. Interestingly, ANT + PS and FLU + PS improved the growth, water relations and gas exchange parameters. The presence of nanoplastics recovered the adverse effects of ANT and FLU on growth by protecting the photosynthetic photochemistry and reducing oxidative stress. PAH plus PS reduced the ANT and FLU accumulation in wheat leaves. In parallel, the increased antioxidant system, regeneration of ascorbate, glutathione and glutathione redox status observed under ANT + PS and FLU + PS. These findings will provide an information about the phytotoxicity mechanisms of mixed pollutants in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Busra Arikan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, Selcuklu, Konya, 42130, Turkey.
| | - Ceyda Ozfidan-Konakci
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram, Konya, 42090, Turkey.
| | - Evren Yildiztugay
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, Selcuklu, Konya, 42130, Turkey.
| | - Metin Turan
- Department of Agricultural Trade and Management, Faculty of Economy and Administrative Sciences, Yeditepe University, İstanbul, 34755, Turkey.
| | - Halit Cavusoglu
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, Selcuklu, Konya, 42130, Turkey.
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13
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Rostami S, Jaskulak M, Rostami M, Baghapour MA, Azhdarpoor A. Efficient Biodegradation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Rhizosphere Using Plant Growth Regulators and Biological Agents. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2022.2102663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Rostami
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Marta Jaskulak
- Univ. Lille, IMT Lille Douai, Univ. Artois, Yncrea Hauts-de-France, ULR4515 - LGCgE, Laboratoire de Génie Civil et géo-Environnement, Lille, France
- Department of Immunobiology and Environment Microbiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Majid Rostami
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Malayer University, Malayer, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Baghapour
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Abooalfazl Azhdarpoor
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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14
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Martínez BCS, Benavides LM, Santoyo G, Sánchez-Yáñez JM. Biorecovery of Agricultural Soil Impacted by Waste Motor Oil with Phaseolus vulgaris and Xanthobacter autotrophicus. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:1419. [PMID: 35684191 PMCID: PMC9182674 DOI: 10.3390/plants11111419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Agricultural soil contamination by waste motor oil (WMO) is a worldwide environmental problem. The phytotoxicity of WMO hydrocarbons limits agricultural production; therefore, Mexican standard NOM-138-SEMARNAT/SSA1-2012 (NOM-138) establishes a maximum permissible limit of 4400 ppm for hydrocarbons in soil. The objectives of this study are to (a) biostimulate, (b) bioaugment, and (c) phytoremediate soil impacted by 60,000 ppm of WMO, to decrease it to a concentration lower than the maximum allowed by NOM-138. Soil contaminated with WMO was biostimulated, bioaugmented, and phytoremediated, and the response variables were WMO concentration, germination, phenology, and biomass of Phaseolus vulgaris. The experimental data were validated by Tukey HSD ANOVA. The maximum decrease in WMO was recorded in the soil biostimulated, bioaugmented, and phytoremediated by P. vulgaris from 60,000 ppm to 190 ppm, which was considerably lower than the maximum allowable limit of 4400 ppm of NOM-138 after five months. Biostimulation of WMO-impacted soil by detergent, mineral solution and bioaugmentation with Xanthobacter autotrophicus accelerated the reduction in WMO concentration, which allowed phytoremediation with P. vulgaris to oxidize aromatic hydrocarbons and recover WMO-impacted agricultural soil faster than other bioremediation strategies.
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15
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Abo-State MAM, Osman ME, Khattab OH, El-Kelani TA, Abdel-Rahman ZM. Degradative pathways of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by Phanerochaete chrysosporium under optimum conditions. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/16878507.2021.2001247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. A. M. Abo-State
- Radiation Microbiology Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Naser City, Egypt
| | - M. E. Osman
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - O. H. Khattab
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - T. A. El-Kelani
- Radiation Microbiology Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Naser City, Egypt
| | - Z. M. Abdel-Rahman
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
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16
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Marzuki I, Asaf R, Paena M, Athirah A, Nisaa K, Ahmad R, Kamaruddin M. Anthracene and Pyrene Biodegradation Performance of Marine Sponge Symbiont Bacteria Consortium. Molecules 2021; 26:6851. [PMID: 34833943 PMCID: PMC8624637 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26226851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Every petroleum-processing plant produces sewage sludge containing several types of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The degradation of PAHs via physical, biological, and chemical methods is not yet efficient. Among biological methods, the use of marine sponge symbiont bacteria is considered an alternative and promising approach in the degradation of and reduction in PAHs. This study aimed to explore the potential performance of a consortium of sponge symbiont bacteria in degrading anthracene and pyrene. Three bacterial species (Bacillus pumilus strain GLB197, Pseudomonas stutzeri strain SLG510A3-8, and Acinetobacter calcoaceticus strain SLCDA 976) were mixed to form the consortium. The interaction between the bacterial consortium suspension and PAH components was measured at 5 day intervals for 25 days. The biodegradation performance of bacteria on PAH samples was determined on the basis of five biodegradation parameters. The analysis results showed a decrease in the concentration of anthracene (21.89%) and pyrene (7.71%), equivalent to a ratio of 3:1, followed by a decrease in the abundance of anthracene (60.30%) and pyrene (27.52%), equivalent to a ratio of 2:1. The level of pyrene degradation was lower than that of the anthracene due to fact that pyrene is more toxic and has a more stable molecular structure, which hinders its metabolism by bacterial cells. The products from the biodegradation of the two PAHs are alcohols, aldehydes, carboxylic acids, and a small proportion of aromatic hydrocarbon components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Marzuki
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Fajar University, Makassar 90231, Indonesia
| | - Ruzkiah Asaf
- Research Center for Brackish Aquaculture Fisheries and Extension Fisheries, Maros 90512, Indonesia; (R.A.); (M.P.); (A.A.)
| | - Mudian Paena
- Research Center for Brackish Aquaculture Fisheries and Extension Fisheries, Maros 90512, Indonesia; (R.A.); (M.P.); (A.A.)
| | - Admi Athirah
- Research Center for Brackish Aquaculture Fisheries and Extension Fisheries, Maros 90512, Indonesia; (R.A.); (M.P.); (A.A.)
| | - Khairun Nisaa
- Fishery Faculty, Cokroaminoto University of Makassar, Makassar 90245, Indonesia;
| | - Rasheed Ahmad
- Departement of Chemistry, Airlangga University, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia;
| | - Mudyawati Kamaruddin
- Postgraduate Program, Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Muhammadiyah Semarang University, Semarang 50273, Indonesia;
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17
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Roshandel F, Saadatmand S, Iranbakhsh A, Ardebili ZO. Mycoremediation of oil contaminant by Pleurotus florida (P.Kumm) in liquid culture. Fungal Biol 2021; 125:667-678. [PMID: 34420694 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2021.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the potential functions of Pleurotus florida (an edible mushroom) in the biodegradation of gas oil at concentrations of 0 (control), 2.5, 5, and 10% (V: V) for 30 days. The gas oil increased dry weight and protein concentration in all treatments (by an average of 19.5 and 108%, respectively). Moreover, the pH, surface tension (ST), and interfacial tension (IFT) were reduced by the mushroom supplementation. The lowest surface tension (31.9 mN m-1) and the highest biosurfactant production belonged to the 10% gas oil treatment (0.845 ± 0.03 mg mL-1). The results demonstrated that the adsorption isotherm agreed well with the Langmuir isotherm. The maximum Langmuir adsorption capacity was calculated at 0.743 mg g-1 wet biomass of P. florida. The fungal supplementation efficiently remedied the total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) by an average of 55% after 30 days. Gas chromatography (GC) analysis revealed that P. florida effectively detoxified C13-C28 hydrocarbons, Pristane, and Phytane, implying its high mycoremediation function. The toxicity test showed that mycoremediation increased the germination by an average of 35.82% ± 8.89 after 30 days. Laccase activity increased significantly with increasing gas oil concentration in the treatments. The maximum laccase activity was obtained in the 10% gas oil treatment (142.25 ± 0.72 U L-1). The presence of pollutants was also associated with induction in the tyrosinase activity when compared to the control. These results underline the high mycoremediation capacity of P. florida through the involvement of biosurfactants, laccase, and tyrosinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Roshandel
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Saadatmand
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Alireza Iranbakhsh
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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18
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Hřebečková T, Wiesnerová L, Hanč A. Changes in layers of laboratory vermicomposting using spent mushroom substrate of Agaricus subrufescens P. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 276:111340. [PMID: 32906069 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
World mushroom production in 2018 was approximately 8.99 million tonnes. The most commonly cultivated species in the Czech Republic are Agaricus spp., which are sold fresh or canned. In 2017, 2018 mushroom production in the Czech Republic was approximately 540 tonnes. Vermicomposting is an easy and less ecologically harmful way to process the spent mushroom substrate. Earthworms, which are referred to as the engine of the process of vermicomposting, and microorganisms, help convert organic waste into fertilizer. This study is concerned with laboratory vermicomposting in a system of continuous feeding of earthworms Eisenia andrei. It compares the differences between variants with and without earthworms. The dry matter percentage was approximately 20% or more in both variants. The variant with earthworms showed a significant decrease in electrical conductivity. The C/N ratio was very low in both variants. The highest total P was recorded in the variant with earthworms, but the highest values of K and Mg were found in the control. Both variants recorded higher content of bacteria than fungi. All values of microorganism contents were higher in the vermicomposter without earthworms, but the bacterial/fungal ratio was higher in the variant with earthworms. The highest content in both variants shows the bacteria especially G-bacteria, on the other side, the lowest content shows the actinobacteria. The highest activity of β-D-glucosidase and acid phosphatase was measured in the vermicomposter with earthworms, but the activity of other enzymes was higher in the control. In both vermicomposters laccase activity was below the detection limit. The method of classical vermicomposting can be used for processing the spent mushroom substrate. However, in terms of higher content of total and available nutrients, there seems to be a better method of processing the substrate without earthworms.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Hřebečková
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, The Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Prague, 165 21, Czech Republic.
| | - L Wiesnerová
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, The Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Prague, 165 21, Czech Republic
| | - A Hanč
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, The Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Prague, 165 21, Czech Republic
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Hřebečková T, Wiesnerová L, Hanč A. Change in agrochemical and biochemical parameters during the laboratory vermicomposting of spent mushroom substrate after cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 739:140085. [PMID: 32554113 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Pleurotus ostreatus is one of the most cultivated mushrooms in the Czech Republic. The production of 1 kg of mushrooms generates about 5 kg of spent mushroom substrate. A gentle and fast method for using this substrate is vermicomposting. Vermicomposting of spent mushroom substrate using Eisenia andrei was conducted for seven months. For control purposes, a treatment without earthworms was also prepared. The vermicomposting process used vertical continuous feeding vermicomposters. The agrochemical and biological parameters were analysed. Values of electrical conductivity were very high in both vermicomposters (higher than 2000 μS/cm). During the vermicomposting process the C/N ratio decreased. The number and biomass of earthworms decreased with the age of the layers. The values of total P, K and Mg were higher in the vermicomposter without earthworms. There were also lower microbial phospholipid fatty acids content - than in the vermicomposter with earthworms. However, the fungal phospholipid fatty acids content were two times higher in the vermicomposter without earthworms. The highest hydrolytic enzyme activity was found in lipase, acid phosphatase and β-D-glucosidase. Most hydrolytic enzymes were more active in the vermicomposter without earthworms, with the exception of arylsulphatase. Mn-peroxidase activity was higher in the vermicomposter without earthworms and laccase activity was below the detection limit.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Hřebečková
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, The Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Prague 165 21, Czech Republic.
| | - L Wiesnerová
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, The Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Prague 165 21, Czech Republic
| | - A Hanč
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, The Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Prague 165 21, Czech Republic
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20
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Košnář Z, Mercl F, Tlustoš P. Long-term willows phytoremediation treatment of soil contaminated by fly ash polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from straw combustion. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 264:114787. [PMID: 32559881 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A three-year experiment was conducted to investigate willows of Salix × smithiana Willd. (S. smithiana) phytoremediation of soil contaminated by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) derived by fly ash from biomass combustion. The total removal of ash PAHs in phytoremediation treatment was 50.9% after three consecutive years while the ash PAHs were decreased in natural attenuated soil by 9.9% in the end of the experiment. The ash and spiked PAHs with low and medium molecular weight were susceptible to be removed in higher rates than high molecular weight PAHs. Lower bioconcentration factors of individual PAHs were observed in willow shoots than in roots. The estimated relative direct removal of PAHs by S. smithiana in phytoremediation was significantly lower than 1% suggesting that the contribution of S. smithiana to take up PAHs from soil was negligible and the degradation of PAHs occurred mainly in soil. Phytoremediation using S. smithiana could be seen as a feasible and environmentally friendly approach of arable soils impacted by a PAH contaminated biomass fly ash.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zdeněk Košnář
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Filip Mercl
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Tlustoš
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague, Czech Republic
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Picariello E, Baldantoni D, De Nicola F. Acute effects of PAH contamination on microbial community of different forest soils. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 262:114378. [PMID: 32443209 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are hazardous organic compounds with mutagenic, genotoxic and carcinogenic properties. Although PAHs in soil can cause toxicity to microorganisms, the microbial community is able to degrade these compounds. For this reason, it is important to study acute and short-term effects of PAH contamination on soil microbial community, also to shed light on its possible exploitation in soil restoration. The effects of acute PAH contamination on the structure and metabolic activity of microbial communities in three forest (beech, holm oak, black pine) soils were studied. The soils were spiked with phenanthrene, pyrene or benzo[a]pyrene and incubated in experimental mesocosms, under controlled conditions. Enzymatic activities (laccase, total peroxidase and hydrolase), as well as microbial biomass and community structure (through phospholipid fatty acid and ergosterol analyses), were evaluated in the three soil systems 4 days after contamination and compared to no-spiked soils. In soil under holm oak, there was a stimulation of Gram+ bacteria after contamination with all the 3 PAHs, whereas in soil under pine, pyrene and phenanthrene additions mainly stimulated fungi and actinomycetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrica Picariello
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, 82100, Italy
| | - Daniela Baldantoni
- Department of Chemistry and Biology "Adolfo Zambelli", University of Salerno, Fisciano, SA, 84084, Italy.
| | - Flavia De Nicola
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, 82100, Italy
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Jaiswal S, Shukla P. Alternative Strategies for Microbial Remediation of Pollutants via Synthetic Biology. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:808. [PMID: 32508759 PMCID: PMC7249858 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Continuous contamination of the environment with xenobiotics and related recalcitrant compounds has emerged as a serious pollution threat. Bioremediation is the key to eliminating persistent contaminants from the environment. Traditional bioremediation processes show limitations, therefore it is necessary to discover new bioremediation technologies for better results. In this review we provide an outlook of alternative strategies for bioremediation via synthetic biology, including exploring the prerequisites for analysis of research data for developing synthetic biological models of microbial bioremediation. Moreover, cell coordination in synthetic microbial community, cell signaling, and quorum sensing as engineered for enhanced bioremediation strategies are described, along with promising gene editing tools for obtaining the host with target gene sequences responsible for the degradation of recalcitrant compounds. The synthetic genetic circuit and two-component regulatory system (TCRS)-based microbial biosensors for detection and bioremediation are also briefly explained. These developments are expected to increase the efficiency of bioremediation strategies for best results.
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Rathankumar AK, Saikia K, Ramachandran K, Batista RA, Cabana H, Vaidyanathan VK. Effect of soil organic matter (SOM) on the degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons using Pleurotus dryinus IBB 903-A microcosm study. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 260:110153. [PMID: 32090843 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Bioremediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil matrix is often arbitrated by the presence of soil organic matter (SOM). The present study focuses on determining the effect of the soil organic content on the mycoremediation of two model PAHs, phenanthrene (Phe) and benzo(a) pyrene (BaP) through microcosm studies. On comparing various microcosm strategies, a maximum degradation of Phe (99%) and BaP (48.5%) in soil bioaugmented with Pleurotus dryinus IBB 903, followed by, biostimulation with the degradation of Phe (89.9%) and BaP (24.8%) were noted. On relating the degradation pattern with lignolytic enzyme cocktail production, a laccase activity of 108 U/Kg at day 21, aryl alcohol oxidase (411 U/Kg) and manganese peroxidase (52.2 U/Kg) at day 14 along with lignin peroxidase (481 U/Kg) at day 21 were noted in fungal augmented soils, which were comparatively higher than levels observed in the bio-stimulation. Investigating the impact of different concentration of SOM (3-12%), a maximum remediation of Phe by 100% at 9% SOM in days 28 and 58.19% for BaP at 12% SOM, respectively was exhibited. Further, the biosorption effect of PAHs in abiotic condition showed a positive correlation with the increase in SOM, with a maximum adsorption of 3.78% Phe, and 6.93% BaP. The results support that the nominal adsorption ability of SOM, and helps in enhancing the microbial growth, thereby improving their degradation potentials, when less than 6% of SOM was utilized. Overall, this work establishes the critical role of organic matter in the soil with reference by simultaneous stimulation and degradation capability in complete PAHs remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abiram Karanam Rathankumar
- Integrated Bioprocess Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kathankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kongkona Saikia
- Integrated Bioprocess Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kathankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Krishnakumar Ramachandran
- Integrated Bioprocess Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kathankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramon Alberto Batista
- Laboratorio Fisiología Molecular Microorganismos Extremófilos, Centro de Investigaciones en Dinámica Celular. Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Hubert Cabana
- Laboratoire de génie de l'environnement, Faculté de génie, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 boul. de l'Université, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1K 2R1, Canada.
| | - Vinoth Kumar Vaidyanathan
- Integrated Bioprocess Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kathankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Akhtar N, Mannan MAU. Mycoremediation: Expunging environmental pollutants. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 26:e00452. [PMID: 32617263 PMCID: PMC7322808 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2020.e00452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Mycoremediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, challenges, and strategies to overcome. Role of the fungi in eradicating heavy metal contamination from the polluted sites. Mycoremediation of agricultural wastes including pesticides, herbicides, and cyanotoxins. Pharmaceutical wastes and strategies for its remediation using white-rot and ligninolytic fungus.
The ever-increasing population, rapid rate of urbanization, and industrialization are exacerbating the pollution-related problems. Soil and water pollution affect human health and the ecosystem. Thus, it is crucial to develop strategies to combat this ever-growing problem. Mycoremediation, employing fungi or its derivatives for remediation of environmental pollutants, is a comparatively cost-effective, eco-friendly, and effective method. It has advantages over other conventional and bioremediation methods. In this review, we have elucidated the harmful effects of common pollutants on public health and the environment. The role of several fungi in degrading these pollutants such as heavy metals, agricultural, pharmaceutical wastes, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, is enumerated. Future strategies to improve the rate and efficiency of mycoremediation are suggested. The manuscript describes the strategies which can be used as a future framework to address the global problem of pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Akhtar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi, G.T. Road, Punjab 144401, India
| | - M Amin-Ul Mannan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi, G.T. Road, Punjab 144401, India.,Department of Trans-Disciplinary Research, Division of Research and Development, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi, G.T. Road, Punjab 144401, India
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Ni N, Kong D, Wu W, He J, Shan Z, Li J, Dou Y, Zhang Y, Song Y, Jiang X. The Role of Biochar in Reducing the Bioavailability and Migration of Persistent Organic Pollutants in Soil-Plant Systems: A Review. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2020; 104:157-165. [PMID: 31898750 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-019-02779-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The amendment of biochar in soils contaminated with persistent organic pollutants (POPs) is an environmentally friendly in situ remediation measure. Numerous studies focused on the application of biochars to reduce the uptake of POPs by plants in soils. In this review, we summarized the role of biochar in reducing the migration of POPs in soil-plant systems. The mechanisms of biochar reducing the bioavailability of POPs in the soil, i.e. immobilization and promoted biodegradation, and the influencing factors are fully discussed. Especially in rhizosphere amended with biochar, the synergistic effect of POPs-root exudates-microorganisms on the reduced bioavailability of POPs is analyzed. This paper suggests that future researches should focus on the long-term environmental fate of POPs sorbed on high-temperature biochars and the long-term impacts of low-temperature biochars on the interaction of POPs-root exudates-rhizosphere microorganisms. All the above are necessary for efficient and safe use of biochar for remediating POP-contaminated farmland soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Ni
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Nanjing, 210042, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide Environmental Assessment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Nanjing, 210042, People's Republic of China
| | - Deyang Kong
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Nanjing, 210042, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide Environmental Assessment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Nanjing, 210042, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenzhu Wu
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Nanjing, 210042, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide Environmental Assessment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Nanjing, 210042, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian He
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Nanjing, 210042, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide Environmental Assessment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Nanjing, 210042, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengjun Shan
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Nanjing, 210042, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide Environmental Assessment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Nanjing, 210042, People's Republic of China
| | - Juying Li
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Nanjing, 210042, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide Environmental Assessment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Nanjing, 210042, People's Republic of China
| | - Yezhi Dou
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Nanjing, 210042, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide Environmental Assessment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Nanjing, 210042, People's Republic of China
| | - Yueqing Zhang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Nanjing, 210042, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide Environmental Assessment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Nanjing, 210042, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Song
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China
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26
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Zhen M, Chen H, Liu Q, Song B, Wang Y, Tang J. Combination of rhamnolipid and biochar in assisting phytoremediation of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil using Spartina anglica. J Environ Sci (China) 2019; 85:107-118. [PMID: 31471017 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2019.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Biochar (BC) and rhamnolipid (RL) is used in bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbons, however, the combined effect of BC and RL in phytoremediation has not been studied until now. In this paper, the phytoremediation of petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated soil using novel plant Spartina anglica was enhanced by the combination of biochar (BC) and rhamnolipid (RL). Samples of petroleum-contaminated soil (10, 30 and 50 g/kg) were amended by BC, BC+ RL and rhamnolipid modified biochar (RMB), respectively. After 60 day's cultivation, the removal rate of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) for unplanted soil (UP), planted soil (P), planted soil with BC addition (P-BC), planted soil with BC and RL addition (P-BC + RL) and planted soil with addition of RMB (P-RMB) were 8.6%, 19.1%, 27.7%, 32.4% and 35.1% in soil with TPHs concentration of 30 g/kg, respectively. Compared with UP, the plantation of Spartina anglica significantly decreased the concentration of C8-14 and tricyclic PAHs. Furthermore, the application of BC and RMB alleviated the toxicity of petroleum hydrocarbons to Spartina anglica via improving plant growth with increasing plant height, root vitality and total chlorophyll content. High-throughput sequencing result indicated that rhizosphere microbial community of Spartina anglica was regulated by the application of BC and RMB, with increase of bacteria and plant mycorrhizal symbiotic fungus in biochar and RMB amended soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meinan Zhen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Hongkun Chen
- State Key Lab of Petroleum Pollution Control, CNPC Research Institute of Safety & Environmental Technology, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Qinglong Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Benru Song
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yizhi Wang
- Tianjin Tianmai Energy Saving Equipment Co. LTD, Tianjin 300393, China
| | - Jingchun Tang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300071, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, Tianjin 300071, China.
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27
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Zhao S, Miao D, Zhu K, Tao K, Wang C, Sharma VK, Jia H. Interaction of benzo[a]pyrene with Cu(II)-montmorillonite: Generation and toxicity of environmentally persistent free radicals and reactive oxygen species. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 129:154-163. [PMID: 31128436 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents the interaction of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) with Cu(II)-montmorillonite to investigate the formation, evolution and potential toxicity of environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) under dark and visible light irradiation conditions. Degradation of B[a]P and the generated transformative products on clay mineral are monitored by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique. Hydroxyl-B[a]P and B[a]P-diones are observed during the transformation of B[a]P under dark condition. B[a]P-3,6-dione and B[a]P-6,12-dione are the main products under visible light irradiation. B[a]P transformation is accompanied by the formation of EPFRs, which are quantified by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. With increasing reaction time, the concentrations of the produced EPFRs are initially increased and then gradually decrease to an undetectable level. The deconvolution results of EPR spectra reveal formation of three types of organic radicals (carbon-centered radicals, oxygen-centered radicals, and carbon-centered radicals with a conjugated oxygen), which also co-exist. Correspondingly, visible-light irradiation promotes the formation and the decay of these EPFRs. The produced B[a]P-type EPFRs induce the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide (O2-) and hydroxide radicals (OH), which may cause oxidative stress to cells and tissues of organisms. The toxicity of degradation products is evaluated by the livability of human gastric epithelial GES-1cells. The toxicity is initially increased and then decreases with the elapsed reaction time, which correlates with the evolution of EPFRs concentrations. The present work provides direct evidence that the formation of EPFRs in interaction of PAHs with metal-contaminated clays may result in negative effects to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Zhao
- College of Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Duo Miao
- College of Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Kecheng Zhu
- College of Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Kelin Tao
- College of Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Chuanyi Wang
- Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Virender K Sharma
- Program for the Environment and Sustainability, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| | - Hanzhong Jia
- College of Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China.
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28
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Košnář Z, Wiesnerová L, Částková T, Kroulíková S, Bouček J, Mercl F, Tlustoš P. Bioremediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) present in biomass fly ash by co-composting and co-vermicomposting. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 369:79-86. [PMID: 30772690 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
An experiment was established to compare composting and vermicomposting for decreasing the content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in biomass fly ash incorporated into organic waste mixtures. PAH removal from the ash-organic waste mixture was compared to the same mixture spiked with PAHs. The removal of 16 individual ash PAHs ranged between 28.7 and 98.5% during the 240 day experiment. Greater dissipation of total PAH content of ash origin was observed at the end of composting (84.5%) than after the vermicomposting (61.6%). Most ash PAHs were removed similarly to spiked PAHs through the composting and vermicomposting processes. Higher manganese peroxidase in composting treatments indicated increased activity of ligninolytic PAH-degrading microorganisms. 3D models of total PAH removal were parametrized using the polarity index and organic matter content, and paraboloid equations for each treatment were estimated (all R2 > 0.91). A two-phase model of pseudo-first order kinetics analysis showed faster PAH removal by higher rate constants during the first 120 days of the experiment. The compost and vermicompost produced from the bioremediation treatments are usable as soil organic amendments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zdeněk Košnář
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Lucie Wiesnerová
- Department of Horticulture, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Částková
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Stanislava Kroulíková
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Bouček
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Filip Mercl
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Tlustoš
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague, Czech Republic
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