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Liu K, Li F, Zhu Z, Fang L. Nanoconfined Fe(II) releaser for long-term arsenic immobilization and its sustainability assessment. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 260:121954. [PMID: 38909421 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Ferrous (Fe(II))-based oxygen activation for pollutant abatements in soil and groundwater has attracted great attention, while the low utilization and insufficient longevity of electron donors are the primary challenges to hinder its practical applications. Herein, we propose a nanoconfined Fe(II) releasing strategy that enables stable long-term electron donation for oxygen activation and efficient arsenic (As) immobilization under oxic conditions, by encapsulating zero-valent iron in biomass-derived carbon shell (ZVI@porous carbon composites; ZVI@PC). This strategy effectively enhances the generation of reactive oxygen species, enabling efficient oxidation and subsequent immobilization of As(III) in soils. Importantly, this Fe(II) releaser exhibits strong anti-interference capability against complex soil matrices, and the accompanying generation of Fe(III) enables As immobilization in soils, effectively lowering soil As bioavailability. Soil fixed-bed column experiments demonstrate a 79.5 % reduction of the total As in effluent with a simulated rainfall input for 10 years, indicating the excellent long-term stability for As immobilization in soil. Life cycle assessment results show that this Fe(II) releaser can substantially mitigate the negative environmental impacts. This work offers new insights into developing green and sustainable technologies for environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Liu
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Fangbai Li
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Zhenlong Zhu
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Liping Fang
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.
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2
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Yu C, Yang J. Removal of Cr(vi) in wastewater by Fe-Mn oxide loaded sludge biochar. RSC Adv 2024; 14:11746-11757. [PMID: 38617574 PMCID: PMC11009720 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra00169a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Sludge biochar loaded with Fe-Mn oxides (FMBC) was prepared and employed to remove Cr(vi) from wastewater. The influences of solution pH, co-existing ion, contact time, adsorption temperature and Cd(vi) concentrations on removing Cr(vi) by FMBC were investigated. The Cr(vi) adsorption on FMBC had strong pH dependence. Additionally, Na+, Mg2+, Ca2+, SiO32-, NO3- and Cl- ions exhibited no influence on Cr(vi) removal efficiency for FMBC, whereas there were inhibition effects of Pb2+, Cu2+, Ni2+, CO32-, SO42-, and PO43- on removing Cr(vi). The Cr(vi) adsorption from solution for FMBC was well described by models of pseudo-second-order and Langmuir, and the largest Cr(vi) removal capacity of FMBC reached 172.3 mg g-1. FMBC had good capacity for treating electroplating wastewater and mineral dissolving wastewater containing Cr(vi). After five regenerations, the 50 and 5 mg L-1 Cr(vi) removing efficiency of FMBC was 82.34% and 97.68%, respectively. The Cr(vi) removal for FMBC involved adsorption-reduction and re-adsorption of Cr(iii) generated by reduction. These results indicated that FMBC has good prospects for remediating Cr(vi)-containing wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyang Yu
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China
- Sichuan-Tibet Railway Co., Ltd Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Jinyan Yang
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China
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Cai Y, Yang J, Ran Z, Bu F, Chen X, Shaaban M, Peng QA. Optimizing Typha biochar with phosphoric acid modification and ferric chloride impregnation for hexavalent chromium remediation in water and soil. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 354:141739. [PMID: 38503383 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Considering the persistent and covert nature of heavy metal soil contamination, the sustainable development of ecological environments and food safety is at significant risk. Our study focuses on remediating soils contaminated with chromium (Cr); we introduce an advanced remediation material, iron oxide phosphoric acid-loaded activated biochar (HFBC), synthesized through pyrolysis. This HFBC displays greater microporosity, fewer impurities, and enhanced efficiency for the remediation process. Our research utilized a comprehensive set of analytical techniques, including Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), alongside adsorption studies to elucidate the Cr removal mechanism. The effectiveness of HFBC in remediation was influenced by several factors: the pH level, dosage of HFBC, the initial concentration of Cr, and the ambient temperature. Our results indicated an optimal chromium (VI) adsorption capacity of 55.5 mg/g by HFBC at a pH of 6.0 and a temperature of 25 °C, with the process adhering to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir adsorption isotherm, thus suggesting spontaneity in the uptake method. Moreover, this mechanism encompasses both adsorption and reduction reactions. Using HFBC in pot experiments with cabbage indicated not only an increase in soil pH and cation exchange capacity (CEC), but also a surge in bacterial community abundance. Significant reductions in bioavailable chromium were also recorded. Interestingly, HFBC addition bolstered the growth of cabbage, while concurrently diminishing chromium accumulation within the plant, particularly notable as the HFBC application rate increased. In summation, the HFBC produced in our study has demonstrated convincing efficacy in removing chromium from aqueous solutions and soil. Moreover, the positive agronomic implications of its use, such as enhanced plant growth and reduced heavy metal uptake by plants, indicate its high potential for operational value in the domain of environmental remediation of heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Cai
- College of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, 430200, China; Clean Production of Textile Printing and DyeingEngineering Research Center, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430200, China.
| | - Jianwei Yang
- College of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, 430200, China.
| | - Zhonglyu Ran
- College of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, 430200, China.
| | - Fantong Bu
- College of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, 430200, China.
| | - Xu Chen
- College of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, 430200, China.
| | - Muhammad Shaaban
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.
| | - Qi-An Peng
- College of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, 430200, China; Clean Production of Textile Printing and DyeingEngineering Research Center, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430200, China.
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Wang S, Liao P, Cen L, Cheng H, Liu Q. Biochar Promotes Arsenopyrite Weathering in Simulated Alkaline Soils: Electrochemical Mechanism and Environmental Implications. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023. [PMID: 37224024 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c09874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Oxidation dissolution of arsenopyrite (FeAsS) is one of the important sources of arsenic contamination in soil and groundwater. Biochar, a commonly used soil amendment and environmental remediation agent, is widespread in ecosystems, where it participates in and influences the redox-active geochemical processes of sulfide minerals associated with arsenic and iron. This study investigated the critical role of biochar on the oxidation process of arsenopyrite in simulated alkaline soil solutions by a combination of electrochemical techniques, immersion tests, and solid characterizations. Polarization curves indicated that the elevated temperature (5-45 °C) and biochar concentration (0-1.2 g·L-1) accelerated arsenopyrite oxidation. This is further confirmed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, which showed that biochar substantially reduced the charge transfer resistance in the double layer, resulting in smaller activation energy (Ea = 37.38-29.56 kJ·mol-1) and activation enthalpy (ΔH* = 34.91-27.09 kJ·mol-1). These observations are likely attributed to the abundance of aromatic and quinoid groups in biochar, which could reduce Fe(III) and As(V) as well as adsorb or complex with Fe(III). This hinders the formation of passivation films consisting of iron arsenate and iron (oxyhydr)oxide. Further observation found that the presence of biochar exacerbates acidic drainage and arsenic contamination in areas containing arsenopyrite. This study highlighted the possible negative impact of biochar on soil and water, suggesting that the different physicochemical properties of biochar produced from different feedstock and under different pyrolysis conditions should be taken into account before large-scale applications to prevent potential risks to ecology and agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- Key Laboratory of High-temperature and High-pressure Study of the Earth's Interior, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Peng Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Ling Cen
- Key Laboratory of High-temperature and High-pressure Study of the Earth's Interior, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Hongguang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Qingyou Liu
- Key Laboratory of High-temperature and High-pressure Study of the Earth's Interior, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
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Schommer VA, Vanin AP, Nazari MT, Ferrari V, Dettmer A, Colla LM, Piccin JS. Biochar-immobilized Bacillus spp. for heavy metals bioremediation: A review on immobilization techniques, bioremediation mechanisms and effects on soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 881:163385. [PMID: 37054796 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals contamination present risks to ecosystems and human health. Bioremediation is a technology that has been applied to minimize the levels of heavy metals contamination. However, the efficiency of this process varies according to several biotic and abiotic aspects, especially in environments with high concentrations of heavy metals. Therefore, microorganisms immobilization in different materials, such as biochar, emerges as an alternative to alleviate the stress that heavy metals have on microorganisms and thus improve the bioremediation efficiency. In this context, this review aimed to compile recent advances in the use of biochar as a carrier of bacteria, specifically Bacillus spp., with subsequent application for the bioremediation of soil contaminated with heavy metals. We present three different techniques to immobilize Bacillus spp. on biochar. Bacillus strains are capable of reducing the toxicity and bioavailability of metals, while biochar is a material that serves as a shelter for microorganisms and also contributes to bioremediation through the adsorption of contaminants. Thus, there is a synergistic effect between Bacillus spp. and biochar for the heavy metals bioremediation. Biomineralization, biosorption, bioreduction, bioaccumulation and adsorption are the mechanisms involved in this process. The application of biochar-immobilized Bacillus strains results in beneficial effects on the contaminated soil, such as the reduction of toxicity and accumulation of metals in plants, favoring their growth, in addition to increasing microbial and enzymatic activity in soil. However, competition and reduction of microbial diversity and the toxic characteristics of biochar are reported as negative impacts of this strategy. More studies using this emerging technology are essential to improve its efficiency, to elucidate the mechanisms and to balance positive and negative impacts, especially at the field scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Analise Schommer
- Graduate Program in Civil and Environmental Engineering (PPGEng), University of Passo Fundo (UPF), Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Vanin
- Graduate Program in Civil and Environmental Engineering (PPGEng), University of Passo Fundo (UPF), Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Mateus Torres Nazari
- Graduate Program in Civil and Environmental Engineering (PPGEng), University of Passo Fundo (UPF), Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Valdecir Ferrari
- Graduate Program in Mining, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering (PPGE3M), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Aline Dettmer
- Graduate Program in Food Science and Technology (PPGCTA), University of Passo Fundo (UPF), Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Luciane Maria Colla
- Graduate Program in Civil and Environmental Engineering (PPGEng), University of Passo Fundo (UPF), Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil.
| | - Jeferson Steffanello Piccin
- Graduate Program in Civil and Environmental Engineering (PPGEng), University of Passo Fundo (UPF), Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
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Wang FP, Zeng YN, Wang YT, Li JG, Zhang X, Ji AM, Kang LL, Ji R, Yu Q, Gao D, Wang XM, Fang Z. Highly efficient removal of hexavalent chromium by magnetic Fe-C composite from reed straw and electric furnace dust waste. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:33737-33755. [PMID: 36495434 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24491-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Reed straw and electric furnace dust (EFD) waste were used to prepare magnetic Fe-C composite (EFD&C) by co-precipitation and high-temperature activation method to remove Cr(VI) from water. The magnetic EFD&C owned a large specific surface (536.61 m2/g) and a porous structure (micropores and mesopores), and had an efficient removal capacity for Cr(VI). Under conditions of pH (2), the addition amount of EFD&C (1 g/L), the adsorption time (760 min), and the temperature (45 °C), the maximum adsorption capacity reached 111.94 mg/g. The adsorption mechanism mainly attributed to chemical adsorption (redox), Cr(VI) reduced to Cr(III) by Fe(II) and Fe(0) (from Fe3O4 and Fe components in EFD) and surface functional groups of -OH, C = C, C-C and O-C = O (from biochar), and secondary attributed to physical adsorption, Cr(VI) and Cr(III) (from reduced Cr(VI)) adsorbed into the porous structure of EFD&C. This study provided a feasible solution for the preparation of adsorbents for adsorbing heavy metals from iron-containing metallurgical solid waste and biomass waste, which contributed to reducing the environmental pollution and lowering the cost of adsorbent preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Ping Wang
- College of Metallurgy and Energy, North China University of Science and Technology, 21 Bohai Street, Tangshan, 063210, China
| | - Ya-Nan Zeng
- College of Metallurgy and Energy, North China University of Science and Technology, 21 Bohai Street, Tangshan, 063210, China
| | - Yi-Tong Wang
- College of Metallurgy and Energy, North China University of Science and Technology, 21 Bohai Street, Tangshan, 063210, China.
| | - Jun-Guo Li
- College of Metallurgy and Energy, North China University of Science and Technology, 21 Bohai Street, Tangshan, 063210, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- College of Metallurgy and Energy, North China University of Science and Technology, 21 Bohai Street, Tangshan, 063210, China
| | - Ai-Min Ji
- College of Metallurgy and Energy, North China University of Science and Technology, 21 Bohai Street, Tangshan, 063210, China
| | - Le-Le Kang
- College of Metallurgy and Energy, North China University of Science and Technology, 21 Bohai Street, Tangshan, 063210, China
| | - Rui Ji
- College of Metallurgy and Energy, North China University of Science and Technology, 21 Bohai Street, Tangshan, 063210, China
| | - Qing Yu
- College of Metallurgy and Energy, North China University of Science and Technology, 21 Bohai Street, Tangshan, 063210, China
| | - Di Gao
- College of Metallurgy and Energy, North China University of Science and Technology, 21 Bohai Street, Tangshan, 063210, China
| | - Xiao-Man Wang
- College of Metallurgy and Energy, North China University of Science and Technology, 21 Bohai Street, Tangshan, 063210, China
| | - Zhen Fang
- Biomass Group, College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, 40 Dianjiangtai Road, Nanjing, 210031, China
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7
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Cen L, Cheng H, Liu Q, Wang S, Wang X. Arsenic release from arsenopyrite weathering in acid mine drainage: Kinetics, transformation, and effect of biochar. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 170:107558. [PMID: 36202015 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Arsenopyrite (FeAsS) oxidative dissolution provides an important source for the occurrence of high arsenic in acid mine drainage (AMD). Biochar is a potent material that can dramatically sequestrate an array of heavy metals in water. However, little is known about the role of biochar on the fate of As from arsenopyrite in AMD. This study investigates the effects of biochar concentrations, AMD acidities, and temperatures on the release of As from arsenopyrite in a simulated AMD over a range of environmentally relevant conditions. Results show that biochar inhibits As release and further acidification without changing the arsenopyrite weathering mechanism. Arsenopyrite is first oxidized to Fe(II), As(III) and S0 and ultimately oxidized to Fe(III), As(V) and SO42-, respectively. Higher concentration, temperature or higher acidity promotes the arsenic release rate. Electrochemical studies showed that biochar inhibited As release and acidification for reduced the charge transfer resistance at the double layer and film resistance at the passivation layer, which was mainly attributed to Fe(III) ions in AMD being adsorbed, oxidized, and As complexed to biochar-Fe-As(V). This study reveals the release mechanism of As from arsenopyrite weathering in AMD and suggests the applicability of biochar in mitigating arsenic pollution and further acidification in sulfide mineral mine drainage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Cen
- Key Laboratory of High-temperature and High-pressure Study of the Earth's Interior, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Hongguang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Qingyou Liu
- Key Laboratory of High-temperature and High-pressure Study of the Earth's Interior, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China.
| | - Shuai Wang
- Key Laboratory of High-temperature and High-pressure Study of the Earth's Interior, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Xi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
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8
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Fang S, Huang X, Xie S, Du J, Zhu J, Wang K, Zhuang Q, Huang X. Removal of Chromium (VI) by a Magnetic Nanoscale Zerovalent Iron-Assisted Chicken Manure-Derived Biochar: Adsorption Behavior and Synergetic Mechanism. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:935525. [PMID: 35875500 PMCID: PMC9298784 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.935525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Using chicken manure as raw material to prepare activated carbon as a dispersant, a novel biochar-loaded nano-zerovalent iron composite (nZVI@CMBC) was developed and applied to remove hexavalent chromium, i.e., Cr(VI), in wastewater. The dispersion of nano-zerovalent iron (nZVI) particles on the surface of chicken manure–derived biochar (CMBC) successfully inhibited the aggregation of magnetic iron particles and effectively reduced the size of nZVI particles. The results demonstrated that under acidic conditions, the removal efficiency of Cr(VI) by the nZVI@CMBC composite could reach 124.12 mg g−1. The pseudosecond-order kinetic model had a good agreement with the adsorption kinetics of the nZVI@CMBC composite, implying that the adsorption of Cr(VI) is based on the multi-layer chemical adsorption. Therefore, this study provides a new clue and strategy for removing Cr(VI) in wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengqiong Fang
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyi Huang
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shuangling Xie
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jiale Du
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianlong Zhu
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Kai Wang
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qinglin Zhuang
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xuan Huang
- Jiangsu DDBS Environmental Remediation Co., Ltd., Nanjing, China
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Dai L, Chen Y, Liu L, Sun P, Liu J, Wang B, Yang S. Effect of biochar on the uptake, translocation and phytotoxicity of chromium in a soil-barley pot system. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 826:153905. [PMID: 35189220 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Remediation of Cr-contaminated soils with biochar is an effective method, but its effect on plant detoxification has not been clarified, and the translocation pathways of different chemical forms of Cr in the soil-plant system have not been quantitatively evaluated. This study investigated the effects of magnetically modified Enteromorpha prolifera biochar (FBC) on Cr uptake, translocation and phytotoxicity in the soil and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). When the FBC dosage increased to 30 g·kg-1, the content of bioavailable Cr in the soil decreased by 56.82%. Additionally, the contents of Cr in H. vulgare decreased by 53.22%, and growth recovered to the normal level. Partial least squares path modelling (PLS-PM) was applied to establish two influence paths to explain how FBC impacted the whole system of soil and plants upon Cr exposure. The phytotoxic effect path of Cr suggested that FBC decreased the contents of Cr in soil and H. vulgare and then recovered growth by alleviating oxidative stress (β = -0.45) and promoting chlorophyll synthesis (β = 0.53) in shoots. The translocation and conversion path of Cr further indicated that Cr in the shoots was converted into low-migration forms and mainly trapped in cell walls and vacuoles rather than in organelles, consequently decreasing the phytotoxicity of Cr (β = -0.73). These two soil-plant paths offer new insights into the application of biochar and plants in Cr-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqian Dai
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Youyuan Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education of China, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Geological Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
| | - Lecheng Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education of China, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Geological Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Ping Sun
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Jiaxin Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Baoying Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Shiying Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education of China, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Geological Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
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10
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Jia X, Ma L, Liu J, Liu P, Yu L, Zhou J, Li W, Zhou W, Dong Z. Reduction of antimony mobility from Sb-rich smelting slag by Shewanella oneidensis: Integrated biosorption and precipitation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 426:127385. [PMID: 34929592 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The dissimilatory Fe(III)-reducing bacteria play a significant role in the mobility of antimony (Sb) under reducing environment. Sb-rich smelting slag is iron (Fe)-containing antimonic mine waste, which is one of the main sources of antimony pollution. In this study, the soluble antimony reacted with Fe(III) by S. oneidensis (Shewanella oneidensis strain MR-1) was performed in reduction condition, then the dissolution behavior of the Sb-rich smelting slag with S. oneidensis was investigated. The results showed that the released Sb was immobilized by S. oneidensis and the strain adsorbed Sb(III) preferentially. Sb(V) can be reduced by S. oneidensis without aqueous Fe. In the presence of Fe(III), S. oneidensis mediated Sb bio-adsorption and the chemical redox of Sb-Fe occurred simultaneously. Sb was co-precipitated with Fe to form the Sb(V)-O-Fe(III) secondary mineral, which was identified as the bidentate mononuclear edge-sharing structure by extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) analysis. These results suggest that S. oneidensis has a positive effect on the immobilization and minimizing toxicity of antimony in anoxic soil and groundwater, which provides a theoretical basis for the treatment of antimony contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocen Jia
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Liyuan Ma
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Jing Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Peng Liu
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Lu Yu
- Qiaokou Branch of Wuhan Ecological Environment Bureau, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Jianwei Zhou
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, Wuhan 430000, China.
| | - Wanyu Li
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Weiqing Zhou
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Zichao Dong
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
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11
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Wen J, Xue Z, Yin X, Wang X. Insights into aqueous reduction of Cr(VI) by biochar and its iron-modified counterpart in the presence of organic acids. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 286:131918. [PMID: 34426264 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) pollution in water has become an environmental and social problem because of the highly toxic nature of Cr(VI). Biochar has been widely used in Cr-containing wastewater treatment due to its adsorption advantage and intrinsic electron-donating ability. In this paper, Cr(VI) was taken as the target pollutant, and corn-straw derived biochar (BC) and its iron-modified counterpart (BC-Fe) were taken as the main adsorbents. The effects of fulvic acid (FA) and lactic acid (LA) on the adsorption efficiency of BC and BC-Fe in aqueous solution were discussed, and the internal reaction mechanism was revealed by SEM, FTIR, XPS, and Zeta potential analysis. The results showed that the BC-Fe pyrolyzed at 600 °C (i.e., BC-Fe600) had good magnetic property and adsorption effect across a wide pH range (pH 3-9) (the maximum removal efficiency was 96%). At the same time, LA had a concentration-dependent promoting effect on Cr(VI) adsorption in the BC600. However, the addition of FA and LA both inhibited the adsorption of Cr(VI) by BC-Fe600 at pH = 5 and 7, with LA showing a more inhibiting effect on Cr(VI) removal (decreased by 16.09% at pH 5) than FA (decreased by 2.09% at pH 5). The addition of FA and LA caused the surface potential of BC-Fe600 to drop, resulting in an increasing electrostatic repulsion between Cr(VI) and the material. However, LA increased the reduction of Cr(VI) on BC-Fe600, possibly through the combined effects of the electron-donating ability of LA and the photolysis of Fe(III)-lactate complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China.
| | - Zhuangzhuang Xue
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Xiyan Yin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Xue Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
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12
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Jia L, Wu W, Zhang J, Wu H. Insight into heavy metals (Cr and Pb) complexation by dissolved organic matters from biochar: Impact of zero-valent iron. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 793:148469. [PMID: 34328995 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, batch experiments were conducted to investigate the immobilization of HMs (Cr and Pb) by DOM derived from biochar in the presence and absence of zero-valent iron (Fe) in nitrate and HMs co-contaminated groundwater. Both Cr and Pb were removed effectively in biochar-Fe aqueous systems, while only Pb could be mitigated in biochar systems. Excitation-emission spectrophotometry combined with parallel factor analysis (EEM-PARAFAC) revealed that DOM released from biochar mainly contained human-like and tryptophan-like substances. Moreover, the fluorescence of hemic-like components could be quenched differently by the complexation of HMs, which proved the different removal efficiencies of Cr and Pb in biochar aqueous phase. In biochar-Fe aqueous systems, Fe-C micro-electrolysis was formed in prior to the complexation of DOM-Fe hydroxides. Thus, the chemical reduction was the primary way to removal HMs in batch-Fe systems, which was corresponding with the less variation of DOM components when adding Cr and Pb into aqueous systems. Besides, the observed DOM components with higher aromaticity and humification after adding Cr and Pb, further indicated the complexation of DOM-HMs through the analysis of adsorption and fluorescence indices. These results will provide new insights into the HMs retention on biochar, particularly for the role of Fe on the complexation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Jia
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China; Department of Environmental Science, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Weizhong Wu
- Department of Environmental Science, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China
| | - Haiming Wu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China.
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13
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Mohamed Khalith SB, Rishabb Anirud R, Ramalingam R, Karuppannan SK, Dowlath MJH, Pandion K, Ravindran B, WoongChang S, Ovi D, Arasu MV, Ignacimuthu S, Al-Dhabi NA, Chandrasekaran M, Arunachalam KD. Synthesis and characterization of magnetite carbon nanocomposite from agro waste as chromium adsorbent for effluent treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 202:111669. [PMID: 34252429 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The waste water released from industries which contain pollutants like heavy metals, dyes and other toxic chemicals brings numerous harms to the ecosystem and humans. Nowadays the nanocomposites based technologies are effectively used for environmental remediation. In the present study, hexavalent chromium was removed from the industrial effluent using magnetite carbon nanocomposite. The nanocomposite composed of highly porous carbon and iron oxide nanoparticles prepared by using agrowastes (sugarcane bagasse and orange peel extract). Iron oxide nanoparticles (FeONPs) formation was confirmed by UV-visible spectroscopy; incorporation of magnetite with highly porous carbon was established by Fourier Transforms Infrared Spectroscopy and X-ray Diffraction Spectroscopy. Morphological features of magnetite nanoparticles and highly porous carbon were analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscope and Transmission Electron Microscope. Magnetic properties analyzed by Vibrating Sample Magnetometer revealed magnetite carbon nanocomposite exhibited better Ms value than highly porous carbon. The concentration of Cr6+ in treated effluent was determined using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. Pseudo-second order equation fitted with kinetics and the Langmuir monolayer favors for isotherm. This study reveals efficiency in Cr6+ removal from effluent using magnetite carbon nanocomposites which extends their application in waste water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S B Mohamed Khalith
- Center for Environmental Nuclear Research, Directorate of Research and Virtual Education, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, 603203, Kanchipuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, 603203, Kanchipuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Rishabb Anirud
- Center for Environmental Nuclear Research, Directorate of Research and Virtual Education, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, 603203, Kanchipuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Biotechnology, Rajalakshmi Engineering College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Raghavendra Ramalingam
- Center for Environmental Nuclear Research, Directorate of Research and Virtual Education, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, 603203, Kanchipuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sathish Kumar Karuppannan
- Center for Environmental Nuclear Research, Directorate of Research and Virtual Education, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, 603203, Kanchipuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mohammed Junaid Hussain Dowlath
- Center for Environmental Nuclear Research, Directorate of Research and Virtual Education, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, 603203, Kanchipuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kumar Pandion
- Center for Environmental Nuclear Research, Directorate of Research and Virtual Education, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, 603203, Kanchipuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Balasubramani Ravindran
- Center for Environmental Nuclear Research, Directorate of Research and Virtual Education, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, 603203, Kanchipuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Environmental Energy and Engineering, Kyonggi University Youngtong-Gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-Do, 16227, Republic of Korea.
| | - Soon WoongChang
- Department of Environmental Energy and Engineering, Kyonggi University Youngtong-Gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-Do, 16227, Republic of Korea
| | - Debnath Ovi
- Department of Environmental Energy and Engineering, Kyonggi University Youngtong-Gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-Do, 16227, Republic of Korea
| | - Mariadhas Valan Arasu
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. BOX 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Savarimuthu Ignacimuthu
- Xavier Research Foundation, St. Xavier's College, Palayamkottai, Thirunelveli, 627 002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Naif Abdullah Al-Dhabi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. BOX 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Murugesan Chandrasekaran
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Kantha Deivi Arunachalam
- Center for Environmental Nuclear Research, Directorate of Research and Virtual Education, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, 603203, Kanchipuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
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14
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Ali M, Tariq M, Sun Y, Huang J, Gu X, Ullah S, Nawaz MA, Zhou Z, Shan A, Danish M, Lyu S. Unveiling the catalytic ability of carbonaceous materials in Fenton-like reaction by controlled-release CaO 2 nanoparticles for trichloroethylene degradation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 416:125935. [PMID: 34492864 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Carbonaceous materials (CMs) have been applied extensively for enhancing the catalytic performance of environmental catalysts, however, the self-catalytic mechanism of CMs for groundwater remediation is rarely investigated. Herein, we unveiled the catalytic ability of various CMs via Fe(III) reduction through polyvinyl alcohol-coated calcium peroxide nanoparticles (PVA@nCP) for trichloroethylene (TCE) removal. Among selected CMs (graphite (G), biochar (BC) and activated carbon (AC)), BC and AC showed enhancement of TCE removal of 89% and 98% via both adsorption and catalytic degradation. BET and SEM analyses showed a higher adsorption capacity of AC (27.8%) than others. The generation of solution-Fe(II) and surface-Fe(II) revealed the reduction of Fe(III) on CMs-surface. The role of O-containing groups was investigated by the FTIR technique and XPS quantified the 52% and 57% surface-Fe(II) in BC and AC systems, respectively. EPR and quenching tests confirmed that both solution and surface-bound species (HO•, O2-• and 1O2) contributed to TCE degradation. Acidic pH condition encouraged TCE removal and the presence of HCO3- negatively affected TCE removal than other inorganic ions. Both schemes (PVA@nCP/Fe(III)/BC and PVA@nCP/Fe(III)/AC) exhibited promising results in the actual groundwater, surfactant-amended solution, and removal of other chlorinated-pollutants, opening a new direction towards green environmental remediation for prolonged benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meesam Ali
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; Department of Chemical Engineering, Muhammad Nawaz Sharif University of Engineering and Technology, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Tariq
- Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yong Sun
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jingyao Huang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xiaogang Gu
- Shanghai Urban Construction Design & Research Institute (Group) Co., Ltd, 3447 Dongfang Road, Shanghai 200125, China
| | - Sana Ullah
- Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asif Nawaz
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhengyuan Zhou
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Ali Shan
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; Department of Environmental Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore 46000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Danish
- Chemical Engineering Department University of Engineering and Technology (UET), Lahore (Faisalabad Campus), G.T. Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shuguang Lyu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
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15
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Bilias F, Nikoli T, Kalderis D, Gasparatos D. Towards a Soil Remediation Strategy Using Biochar: Effects on Soil Chemical Properties and Bioavailability of Potentially Toxic Elements. TOXICS 2021; 9:184. [PMID: 34437502 PMCID: PMC8402515 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9080184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Soil contamination with potentially toxic elements (PTEs) is considered one of the most severe environmental threats, while among remediation strategies, research on the application of soil amendments has received important consideration. This review highlights the effects of biochar application on soil properties and the bioavailability of potentially toxic elements describing research areas of intense current and emerging activity. Using a visual scientometric analysis, our study shows that between 2019 and 2020, research sub-fields like earthworm activities and responses, greenhouse gass emissions, and low molecular weight organic acids have gained most of the attention when biochar was investigated for soil remediation purposes. Moreover, biomasses like rice straw, sewage sludge, and sawdust were found to be the most commonly used feedstocks for biochar production. The effect of biochar on soil chemistry and different mechanisms responsible for PTEs' immobilization with biochar, are also briefly reported. Special attention is also given to specific PTEs most commonly found at contaminated soils, including Cu, Zn, Ni, Cr, Pb, Cd, and As, and therefore are more extensively revised in this paper. This review also addresses some of the issues in developing innovative methodologies for engineered biochars, introduced alongside some suggestions which intend to form a more focused soil remediation strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fotis Bilias
- Soil Science Laboratory, Soil Science and Agricultural Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Thomai Nikoli
- Laboratory of Soil Science and Plant Diagnostics, Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania, 73100 Chania, Greece;
| | - Dimitrios Kalderis
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University, 73133 Chania, Greece;
| | - Dionisios Gasparatos
- Laboratory of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece
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16
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Liu K, Li F, Tian Q, Nie C, Ma Y, Zhu Z, Fang L, Huang Y, Liu S. A highly porous animal bone-derived char with a superiority of promoting nZVI for Cr(VI) sequestration in agricultural soils. J Environ Sci (China) 2021; 104:27-39. [PMID: 33985730 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2020.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Paddy soil and irrigation water are commonly contaminated with hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] near urban industrial areas, thereby threatening the safety of agricultural products and human health. In this study, we develop a porous and high specific area bone char (BC) to support nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) and apply it to remediate Cr(VI) pollution in water and paddy soil under anaerobic conditions. The batch experiments reveal that BC/nZVI exhibits a higher removal capacity of 516.7 mg/(g•nZVI) for Cr(VI) than nZVI when normalized to the actual nZVI content, which is 2.8 times that of nZVI; moreover, the highest nZVI utilization is the nZVI loading of 15% (BC/nZVI15). The Cr(VI) removal efficiency of BC/nZVI15 decreases with increasing pH (4 - 10). Coexisting ions (phosphate and carbonate) and humic acid can inhibit the removal of Cr(VI) with BC/nZVI15. Additionally, BC exhibits a strong advantage in promoting Cr(VI) removal by nZVI compared to the widely used biochar and activated carbon. Our results demonstrate that reduction and coprecipitation are the dominant Cr(VI) removal mechanisms. Furthermore, BC/nZVI15 shows a significantly higher reduction and removal efficiency as well as a strong anti-interference ability for Cr(VI) in paddy soil, as compared to nZVI. These findings provide a new effective material for remediating Cr(VI) pollution from water and soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Fangbai Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Qingwen Tian
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangzhou 510650, China; School of Food Science and Engineering, Foshan university, Foshan 528225, China
| | - Chengrong Nie
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Foshan university, Foshan 528225, China
| | - Yibing Ma
- Macao Environmental Research Institute, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China
| | - Zhenlong Zhu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Liping Fang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangzhou 510650, China.
| | - Yuanying Huang
- National Research Center for Geoanalysis, Beijing 100037, China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Natural Resources for Eco-geochemistry, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Siwen Liu
- National Research Center for Geoanalysis, Beijing 100037, China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Natural Resources for Eco-geochemistry, Beijing 100037, China
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17
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Lekbach Y, Liu T, Li Y, Moradi M, Dou W, Xu D, Smith JA, Lovley DR. Microbial corrosion of metals: The corrosion microbiome. Adv Microb Physiol 2021; 78:317-390. [PMID: 34147188 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ampbs.2021.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Microbially catalyzed corrosion of metals is a substantial economic concern. Aerobic microbes primarily enhance Fe0 oxidation through indirect mechanisms and their impact appears to be limited compared to anaerobic microbes. Several anaerobic mechanisms are known to accelerate Fe0 oxidation. Microbes can consume H2 abiotically generated from the oxidation of Fe0. Microbial H2 removal makes continued Fe0 oxidation more thermodynamically favorable. Extracellular hydrogenases further accelerate Fe0 oxidation. Organic electron shuttles such as flavins, phenazines, and possibly humic substances may replace H2 as the electron carrier between Fe0 and cells. Direct Fe0-to-microbe electron transfer is also possible. Which of these anaerobic mechanisms predominates in model pure culture isolates is typically poorly documented because of a lack of functional genetic studies. Microbial mechanisms for Fe0 oxidation may also apply to some other metals. An ultimate goal of microbial metal corrosion research is to develop molecular tools to diagnose the occurrence, mechanisms, and rates of metal corrosion to guide the implementation of the most effective mitigation strategies. A systems biology approach that includes innovative isolation and characterization methods, as well as functional genomic investigations, will be required in order to identify the diagnostic features to be gleaned from meta-omic analysis of corroding materials. A better understanding of microbial metal corrosion mechanisms is expected to lead to new corrosion mitigation strategies. The understanding of the corrosion microbiome is clearly in its infancy, but interdisciplinary electrochemical, microbiological, and molecular tools are available to make rapid progress in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yassir Lekbach
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China; Electrobiomaterials Institute, Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials (Ministry of Education), Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tao Liu
- College of Ocean Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingchao Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Failure, Corrosion and Protection of Oil/Gas Facility Materials, College of New Energy and Materials, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Masoumeh Moradi
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China; Electrobiomaterials Institute, Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials (Ministry of Education), Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wenwen Dou
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Dake Xu
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China; Electrobiomaterials Institute, Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials (Ministry of Education), Northeastern University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Jessica A Smith
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Central Connecticut State University, New Britain, CT, United States
| | - Derek R Lovley
- Electrobiomaterials Institute, Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials (Ministry of Education), Northeastern University, Shenyang, China; Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States.
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18
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Dong X, Chang Y, Zheng R, Wang X, Yan X, Ma XF. Phytoremediation of Cadmium Contaminated Soil: Impacts on Morphological Traits, Proline Content and Stomata Parameters of Sweet Sorghum Seedlings. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2021; 106:528-535. [PMID: 33661312 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-021-03125-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Phytoremediation is a green, simple, eco-friendly, sustainable, and cost-effective remediation technology to remove and degrade contaminants from soil. In this study, a germination experiment and a pot experiment were performed in greenhouse to evaluate cadmium toxicity and phytoremediation capacity. The results showed that there was the highest membership function value of cadmium (MFVC) in KFJT-3 than that of KFJT-CK and KFJT-1, the value being 0.473, 0.456 and 0.413, respectively. Furthermore, the highest biomass was discovered in KFJT-3 compared to the other genotypes under 50 mg/kg cadmium stress. Physiological analysis showed that proline content significantly increased in KFJT-3, the value being 31.88%. In addition, Bioaccumulation factor (BAF) and Translocation factor (TF) value were 3.80 and 1.02 for KFJT-3, respectively. In conclusion, BAF and TF values showed that the cadmium tolerance of KFJT-1 and KFJT-3 could be higher than that of KFJT-CK, which could be the genotype for phytoremediation of cadmium contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xicun Dong
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Yan Chang
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Rong Zheng
- Jiuquan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiuquan, China
| | - Xueqiang Wang
- Jiuquan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiuquan, China
| | - Xia Yan
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China.
| | - Xiao-Fei Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China.
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China.
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19
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Xie J, Lei C, Chen W, Xie Q, Guo Q, Huang B. Catalytic properties of transition metals modified nanoscale zero-valent iron for simultaneous removal of 4-chlorophenol and Cr(VI): Efficacy, descriptor and reductive mechanisms. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 403:123827. [PMID: 33264918 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Since chlorophenols (CPs) and Cr(VI) are two types of common pollutants in the environment, developing an effective approach to remove these contaminants has important benefits for public health. However, few efforts have been made so far. In this study, we prepared nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) and a series of bimetallic nanoparticles (transition-metal modified nZVI) to investigate their catalytic properties for the simultaneous removal of 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) and Cr(VI). While nZVI enabled a fast removal of Cr(VI), it had a poor dechlorination ability. However, effective simultaneous removal of 4-CP and Cr(VI) was achieved with the transition metal modified nZVI, especially in the Pd/Fe bimetallic system. The enhanced catalytic activity of transition metal modified nZVI was primarily attributed to the formations of numerous nano-galvanic cells and atomic hydrogen species that facilitated electron transfer in the reaction system and played a key role in triggering the C-Cl bond cleavage, respectively. According to the dechlorination ability, the transition-metal catalysts examined in this study can be divided into three groups in descending order: the first being Pd and Ni, the second including Cu and Pt, while the last consisting of Au and Ag. The catalytic hydrodechlorination activity of bimetals can be well described by the volcano curve and rationally explained by the hydrogen adsorption energies on the metals, and was severely impaired by increasing Cr(VI) concentrations. Characterization results validated the formations of Fe(III)-Cr(III) hydroxide/oxyhydroxide on the bimetals surface after reacting with 4-CP and Cr(VI). This work provides the first insight into the catalytic properties of transition-metal modified nZVI for the effective removal of combined pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jituo Xie
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Chao Lei
- School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China; Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, China
| | - Wenqian Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Qianqian Xie
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Qian Guo
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Binbin Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China.
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20
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Li B, Zhang L, Yin W, Lv S, Li P, Zheng X, Wu J. Effective immobilization of hexavalent chromium from drinking water by nano-FeOOH coating activated carbon: Adsorption and reduction. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 277:111386. [PMID: 33049610 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, nano α-FeOOH (nFeOOH, 100-500 nm) was coated onto activated carbon (nFeOOH@AC) through a dipping means for enhanced Cr(VI) immobilization from drinking water. The nFeOOH@AC significantly improved the Cr(VI) removal from 19.9% (AC control) to 93.4%. XPS spectra and chromium speciation demonstrated that about 90% of adsorbed Cr(VI) was converted to Cr(III) by the nFeOOH@AC, accompanying with a reduction-oxidation of Fe3+/Fe2+ in the nFeOOH matrix due to electrons delivering between AC and surface-bound Cr(VI). The resultant Cr(III) subsequently reacted with Fe(III) to generate stable (CrχFe1-χ)(OH)3 precipitates, leading to a much lower Cr(III) release of 7.5% back to solution by the nFeOOH@AC as compared to the AC control of 33.8%, indicating that the nFeOOH@AC had a prospective potential for Cr(VI) immobilization and decreased Cr residue in treated drinking water. Results from column experiment also showed that the nFeOOH@AC afforded a 3.5 times higher capacity for Cr(VI) immobilization and a 3.4 times longer life-span than the pristine AC. Besides, Cr(VI) immobilization by the nFeOOH@AC was a pH-dependent process and the adsorbed Cr on the nFeOOH@AC could be readily desorbed with acetic acid. The disabled nFeOOH@AC could be refreshed by recoating nFeOOH particles with the above dipping method after stripping all the iron oxides with hydrochloric acid. This study demonstrated that nFeOOH coating is an efficient approach to enhance Cr(VI) elimination by AC during drinking water treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Li
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Light Chemical Engineering Department, Guangdong Polytechnic, Foshan, 528041, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Light Chemical Engineering Department, Guangdong Polytechnic, Foshan, 528041, China
| | - Weizhao Yin
- School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Sihao Lv
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Ping Li
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiangyu Zheng
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jinhua Wu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; The Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510006, China; The Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Eco-Remediation of Guangdong Regular Higher Education Institutions, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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21
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Zhou M, Yang X, Sun R, Wang X, Yin W, Wang S, Wang J. The contribution of lignocellulosic constituents to Cr(VI) reduction capacity of biochar-supported zerovalent iron. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 263:127871. [PMID: 33297005 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Biochars (BCs) derived from individual and blending lignocellulosic constituents were prepared to harbor zerovalent iron (ZVI/BC) in an effort to discriminate significance of each constituent or combination in ZVI/BC for Cr(VI) removal. BCs and ZVI/BC were characterized by TGA/GSC, XRD, Raman and BET analyses. Cellulose (BCC) and hemicellulose (BCH)-derived BCs has greater C content, H/C ratio, surface area and mass loss than BCs derived from lignin or lignin-containing biopolymer blends (BCLX). As per sorption and XPS analysis, ZVI/BC demonstrated greater Cr(VI) removal capacity than respective BCs, in which reduction accounted for over 77% Cr(VI) detoxification. Cr(VI) reduction by ZVI harbored by BCC and BCH was 19.72-16.54 g kg-1, compared to 5.97-4.26 g kg-1 for BCLX. ZVI/BC prepared by three-biopolymer blends with (12.63 g kg-1) or without (12.32 g kg-1) mineral approximated pinewood-BC (BCP) (13.02 g kg-1) for Cr(VI) reduction, suggesting minerals are not important constituent. Tafel analysis showed BCC and BCH, with lower ID/IG ratio owing to greater graphitization, were more conducible to transfer electron of ZVI in Cr(VI) reduction than BCLX. Thus, cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin can offer a good prediction of property of natural biomass, in which BCC and BCH favor electron transfer of ZVI but BCL is not electroactive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, PR China
| | - Xianni Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, PR China
| | - Renhua Sun
- Agricultural Ecology and Resource Protection Station, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 010023, PR China
| | - Xiaozhi Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, PR China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Weiqin Yin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, PR China
| | - Shengsen Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, PR China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, PR China.
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22
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Teng F, Zhang Y, Wang D, Shen M, Hu D. Iron-modified rice husk hydrochar and its immobilization effect for Pb and Sb in contaminated soil. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 398:122977. [PMID: 32474324 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cationic and anionic heavy metal contamination sometimes co-exists in soil systems, such as mining areas and shooting ranges, seriously threatens human health and ecological stability. In this study, iron-modified rice husk hydrochar showed commendable ability to immobilize both heavy metal cation (Pb) and anion (Sb) simultaneously in soils. Iron-modified rice husk hydrochar (HC12.5-180) (5%) amendment reduced the bioavailability (EX- and CB-fraction) of Pb and Sb by 25 and 40%, respectively, which were 8 and 5 times higher than that of pristine rice husk hydrochar (HC0-180) (5%) amendment. The cation (Pb) immobilization mainly depends on cation exchange with mineral components (K+, Ca2+, Na+, Mg2+), precipitation with nonmetallic anions (Cl- and SO42-), and complexation. Meanwhile, the iron oxides (FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4), formed during hydrothermal process, can be easily combined with anion (Sb) to form geochemically stable minerals. In conclusion, this work offered a practical and cost-effective technology based on the iron modification rice husk hydrochar for the immobilization of both anionic and cationic heavy metal contaminants in soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyun Teng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Yaxin Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China.
| | - Dequan Wang
- Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Modern Agricultural Water Resources in Arid Regions, Ministry of Education, Yinchuan 750021, PR China
| | - Maocai Shen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Duofei Hu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
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Reusable magnetite nanoparticles-biochar composites for the efficient removal of chromate from water. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19007. [PMID: 33149170 PMCID: PMC7642354 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75924-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Biochar (BC) and magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles (MNP) have both received considerable recent attention in part due to their potential use in water treatment. While both are effective independently in the removal of a range of anionic metals from aqueous solution, the efficacy of these materials is reduced considerably at neutral pH due to decreased metal adsorption and MNP aggregation. In addition to synthetic metal oxide–biochar composites for use in treatment and remediation technologies, aggregates may also occur in nature when pyrolytic carbon is deposited in soils. In this study, we tested whether magnetite synthesized in the presence of biochar leads to increased removal efficiency of hexavalent chromium, Cr(VI), at the mildly acidic to neutral pH values characteristic of most natural and contaminated aqueous environments. To do so, magnetite nanoparticles and biochar produced from ground willow were synthesized to form composites (MNP–BC). Batch studies showed that MNP–BC markedly enhanced both adsorption and reduction of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution at acidic to neutral pH as compared to MNP and BC separately, suggesting a strong synergetic effect of hybridizing Fe3O4 with BC. Mechanistically, the Cr(VI) removal processes occurred through both adsorption and intraparticle diffusion followed by reduction to Cr(III). Synchrotron-based X-ray absorption spectroscopy analyses confirmed that Cr(VI) was reduced at the surface of MNP–BC, with electrons derived directly from both biochar and magnetite at low pH, while at near-neutral pH, biochar increased Cr(VI) reduction by inhibiting MNP aggregation. Extended X-ray absorption fine structure fitting results confirmed that the Cr(III) precipitates consist of Cr(OH)3 and chromite (Cr2FeO4) nanoparticles. Our results demonstrate that MNP–BC composites have great potential as a material for the treatment of chromate-containing aqueous solutions across a wide range of pH values, and provide information valuable broadly relevant to soils and sediments that contain biochar.
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Han TU, Kim J, Kim K. Freezing-accelerated removal of chromate by biochar synthesized from waste rice husk. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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25
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Qiu Y, Zhang Q, Gao B, Li M, Fan Z, Sang W, Hao H, Wei X. Removal mechanisms of Cr(VI) and Cr(III) by biochar supported nanosized zero-valent iron: Synergy of adsorption, reduction and transformation. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 265:115018. [PMID: 32806451 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In this study, sludge-derived biochar was prepared and utilized to support nano-zero-valent iron (NZVI-SDBC) for removing Cr(VI) and Cr(III) from aqueous solution with the aim of investigating their removal and transformation. Under the conditions of initial pH of 4, dosage of 1 g/L, temperature of 25 °C, and rotational speed of 160 rpm, 64.13% Cr species could be removed by NZVI-SDBC from Cr(VI) solution and 28.89% from Cr(III) solution. Coexisting ions experiments showed that Cu(II) and humic acids dramatically affected the removal of Cr(VI) and Cr(III), while the effect of Na(I) and Ca(II) was almost negligible. Based on this, through the coexistence and pre-loaded Cr(III) experiments, the conversion from Cr(VI) to Cr(III) was demonstrated to enhance the further attraction on Cr(VI) and promote the subsequent removal of Cr(VI). The SDBC of NZVI-SDBC could serve as electron shuttle mediator to facilitate the electron transfer between adsorbed Cr(VI) and NZVI for ortho-reduction. The transformation and removal mechanisms were further discussed by various characterizations. The kinetics of Cr(VI) removal suggested that the removal process of Cr(VI) could be divided into three phases dominated by different mechanisms (adsorption, direct/ortho reduction, electrostatic attraction), in which Cr(VI) and Cr(III) showed different behaviors of interaction. The removal of Cr(III) mainly depended on sufficient adsorption sites and the direct complexation with Fe(II). Finally, the reusability of NZVI-SDBC was assessed by adsorption/desorption recycling test. These results provided new insights into the removal and transformation mechanisms of Cr(VI) and Cr(III) by biochar-based nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Qiu
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.
| | - Bin Gao
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, United States
| | - Meng Li
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Zixi Fan
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Wenjiao Sang
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Huiru Hao
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Xiaonan Wei
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
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26
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Zhou M, Zhang C, Yuan Y, Mao X, Li Y, Wang N, Wang S, Wang X. Pinewood outperformed bamboo as feedstock to prepare biochar-supported zero-valent iron for Cr 6+ reduction. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 187:109695. [PMID: 32480029 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this work, pinewood and bamboo were pyrolyzed at 600 °C to prepare PBC and BBC-supported zerovalent iron (ZVI), respectively. Raman spectra suggested PBC was more intensively carbonized than BBC as indicated by higher ID/IG ratio. XRD and TEM confirmed nanoscaled ZVI was well dispersed in PBC but soldered in chain-structure in BBC. Maximal chromate (Cr(VI)) sorption capacity followed the order of PBC/ZVI (5.93 g kg-1)>BBC/ZVI (3.61 g kg-1)>BBC (3.55 g kg-1)>PBC (2.59 g kg-1). Desorption and XPS of four Cr-spent sorbents suggested reduction accounted for 79-88% of overall Cr(VI) detoxification. Greater Cr(VI) reduction of BBC than PBC indicated greater tendency of BBC to donate electrons. However, Cr(VI) reduction by PBC/ZVI was 1.7 times greater than BBC/ZVI, corresponding to greater electron transfer of PBC/ZVI (2.5 μA e-) than BBC/ZVI (0.5 μA e-). Thus, PBC is more conducible to transfer electrons as evidenced by Tafel and Amperometric analyses. Demineralization of pristine BC enhanced the difference between PBC/ZVI and BBC/ZVI regarding Cr(VI) reduction, suggesting the dominant role of biopolymers in biomass in terms of electron transfer capacity. Three model biopolymers were compared which indicated lignin-BC had lower electron transfer rates than cellulose-BC and hemicellulose-BC. BC prepared by lignin extracted from pinewood exhibited higher corrosion rate and lower electrical resistance than that from bamboo. Thus, unfavorable lignin in bamboo compromised electron transfer of BBC and Cr(VI) reduction by BBC/ZVI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, PR China
| | - Changai Zhang
- School of Environmental and Natural Resources, Zhejiang University of Science & Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, PR China
| | - Yangfan Yuan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, PR China
| | - Xiaoyun Mao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuncong Li
- Soil and Water Sciences Department, Tropical Research and Education Center, IFAS, University of Florida, Homestead, FL, 33031, USA
| | - Nong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Safe-product, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Shengsen Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China; Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Safe-product, Tianjin, 300191, China.
| | - Xiaozhi Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, PR China.
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27
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Wei D, Li B, Luo L, Zheng Y, Huang L, Zhang J, Yang Y, Huang H. Simultaneous adsorption and oxidation of antimonite onto nano zero-valent iron sludge-based biochar: Indispensable role of reactive oxygen species and redox-active moieties. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 391:122057. [PMID: 32044627 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The nano zero-valent iron sludge-based biochar (nZVI-SBC) was prepared in this study to eliminate Sb(III) from aqueous solutions, which was characterized by BET, SEM, XRD, TEM, FTIR, XPS. Our results proved that the incorporated nZVI on SBC matrix could significantly enhance eliminating Sb(III), and the max-adsorption capacity (160.40 mg g-1) can be achieved at pH = 4.8 ± 0.2 and temperature of 298 K. The effect of co-existing anions and natural organic matters on the Sb(III) adsorption efficiencies were systematically investigated. The surface complexation is the possible adsorption mechanisms by FTIR and XPS. Furthermore, mechanistic investigation revealed that •OH and hydroquinone radical (H-SQ•-) could be the primary oxidants for the transformation of Sb(III) under oxic conditions, while 9,10-phenanthrene quinone radical (P-SQ•-) were responsible under anoxic conditions. Thus, the enhanced elimination of Sb(III) from aqueous solution was ascribed to the combined adsorption and oxidation. The potential engineering application of nZVI-SBC can be proved through three actual water matrix experiments, including lake water, river water and acid mine drainage. Our present findings proved that nZVI-SBC could be a potential adsorbent, given the excellent performance in the adsorption processes, as well as the toxicity alleviating ability and economic advantages, especially under sub-surface water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongning Wei
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Agricultural Typical Pollution Remediation and Wetland Protection, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Bingyu Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Lin Luo
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Agricultural Typical Pollution Remediation and Wetland Protection, Changsha, 410128, China.
| | - Yongxin Zheng
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Agricultural Typical Pollution Remediation and Wetland Protection, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Liuhui Huang
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Agricultural Typical Pollution Remediation and Wetland Protection, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Jiachao Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Agricultural Typical Pollution Remediation and Wetland Protection, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Yuan Yang
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Agricultural Typical Pollution Remediation and Wetland Protection, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Hongli Huang
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Agricultural Typical Pollution Remediation and Wetland Protection, Changsha, 410128, China.
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28
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Li A, Deng H, Jiang Y, Ye C. High-Efficiency Removal of Cr(VI) from Wastewater by Mg-Loaded Biochars: Adsorption Process and Removal Mechanism. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13040947. [PMID: 32093263 PMCID: PMC7078603 DOI: 10.3390/ma13040947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Biochars were produced with magnesium chloride as an additive for the sorption of hexavalent chromium dissolved in water using five types of straw (from taro, corn, cassava, Chinese fir, and banana) and one type of shell (Camellia oleifera) as the raw materials. The removal of hexavalent chromium by the six biochars mainly occurred within 60 min and then gradually stabilized. The kinetics of the adsorption process were second order, the Langmuir model was followed, and the adsorption of Cr(VI) by the six biochars was characterized by Langmuir monolayer chemisorption on a heterogeneous surface. Banana straw biochar (BSB) had the best performance, which perhaps benefitted from its special structure and best adsorption effect on Cr(VI), and the theoretical adsorption capacity was calculated as 125.00 mg/g. For the mechanism analysis, Mg-loaded biochars were characterized before and after adsorption by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). The adsorption mechanism differed from the adsorption process of conventional magnetic biochar, and biochar interactions with Cr(VI) were controlled mainly by electrostatic attraction, complexation, and functional group bonding. In summary, the six Mg-loaded biochars exhibit great potential advantages in removing Cr(VI) from wastewater and have promising potential for practical use, especially BSB, which shows super-high adsorption performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Ministry of Education, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China; (A.L.); (Y.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Hua Deng
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Ministry of Education, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China; (A.L.); (Y.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
- School of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Yanhong Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Ministry of Education, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China; (A.L.); (Y.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Chenghui Ye
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Ministry of Education, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China; (A.L.); (Y.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
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29
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Liang S, Shi S, Zhang H, Qiu J, Yu W, Li M, Gan Q, Yu W, Xiao K, Liu B, Hu J, Hou H, Yang J. One-pot solvothermal synthesis of magnetic biochar from waste biomass: Formation mechanism and efficient adsorption of Cr(VI) in an aqueous solution. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 695:133886. [PMID: 31422325 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A facile one-pot solvothermal method was applied to synthesize a magnetic biochar composite (MB) using phoenix tree leaves-derived biochar as the carbon matrix. The structure of MB was optimized by varying the load ratio and particle size of Fe3O4 nanoparticles on biochar. Time-dependent structure and composition evolution of solid and liquid phases during heterogeneous solvothermal process were investigated to understand the formation mechanism of MB. Firstly, Fe2+/Fe3+ ions were coordinated by oxygen-containing groups on biochar and part of them were hydrolyzed to form iron hydroxides. Then, those iron-containing precursors were thermally decomposed and reduced to iron oxides; and finally Fe3O4 nanoparticles were generated. The MB had an adsorption capacity for Cr(VI) of 55.0 mg/g in an aqueous solution, which exceeds those of biochar (39.8 mg/g) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (26.5 mg/g). The adsorption mechanism study reveals that biochar as a carbon skeleton mainly provided binding sites for Cr(VI) and electron-donor groups for reduction of Cr(VI), while Fe3O4 nanoparticles mainly involved in the immobilization of newly formed Cr(III) through formation of Fe(III)-Cr(III) hydroxide. MB exhibited a stable structure with a lower Fe leakage at pH 2.0 than that of a comparable magnetic biochar sample prepared by conventional co-precipitation method. Recycling experiments suggested that MB could keep 84% of its initial removal capability for Cr(VI) even after seven cycles. The results indicate that solvothermal method is a promising alternative to prepare magnetic biochar for adsorption of heavy metal-containing wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Liang
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycling, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Shunquan Shi
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Haohao Zhang
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Jingjing Qiu
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Wenhao Yu
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Mingyang Li
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Quan Gan
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Wenbo Yu
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycling, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Keke Xiao
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycling, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Bingchuan Liu
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycling, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Jingping Hu
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycling, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Huijie Hou
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycling, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China.
| | - Jiakuan Yang
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycling, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China.
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Lv Y, Zhang J, Asgodom ME, Liu D, Xie H, Qu H. Study on the degradation of accumulated bisphenol S and regeneration of magnetic sludge-derived biochar upon microwave irritation in the presence of hydrogen peroxide for application in integrated process. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 293:122072. [PMID: 31484102 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Based on the multi-functional magnetic sludge-derived biochar (MSBC), an innovative integrated process-coupling accumulation by adsorbing, degradation by microwave (MW)-induced catalytic oxidation in the presence of H2O2 and the regeneration of adsorbent simultaneously, was proposed. In this study, bisphenol S (4,4'-sulfonyldiphenol) was chosen as the pollutant model, its behaviors and related mechanism of BPS and MSBC in MW + H2O2 system were investigated. The BPS effective degradation on MSBC was proved by decoupling the adsorption and degradation with solvent extraction. OH and h+ play vital roles based on the scavenger tests. The synergistic effects of hot-spot of microwave irradiation, activation of H2O2, and charge transfer-induced doping effects of MSBC were attributed to the reactions. This work proves the feasibility in economics and energy-save treatment approach for low concentration organic pollutants in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Lv
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jingyi Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Michael Engda Asgodom
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Dingyi Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Huifang Xie
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Hongxia Qu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu Province, China
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Kim HB, Kim JG, Kim SH, Kwon EE, Baek K. Consecutive reduction of Cr(VI) by Fe(II) formed through photo-reaction of iron-dissolved organic matter originated from biochar. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 253:231-238. [PMID: 31310873 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Employing biochar for environmental remediation has been widely practiced. Nonetheless, the reduction mechanisms of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) in the presence of biochar have not been fully elucidated (i.e., direct or indirect reduction of Cr(VI) by biochar). In particular, the effect of light on Cr(VI) reduction by biochar was rarely reported. Thus, to clarify the reduction mechanisms of Cr(VI) by biochar at the fundamental level, this study laid great emphasis on the photo-induced reduction of Cr(VI) in the application of biochar. Biochar releases dissolved organic matter (DOM), the DOM can extract Fe(III) from soil by complexation, and the complexes can be photo-reacted under the light. In these respects, Fe(II) formed by the photo-induced reaction of DOM-Fe(III) was particularly evaluated in this study. To evaluate that, three biomass samples (rice straw, granular sludge from an up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket, and spent coffee ground) were torrefied to biochar. To circumvent the adsorption of Cr(VI) onto biochar, biochar extractives (served as a source for DOM) and Fe(III) solution were tested with/without UV light to prove Fe(II) formation. This study experimentally proved that the more Fe(II) under the UV radiation was formed in the co-existence with biochar extractives and Fe(III). All experimental data from three biochar samples were indeed very similar. Cr(VI) reduction by Fe(II) from GB, RB, and CB reached up to 96, 79, and 100%, respectively. The different reduction efficiency signified that the low molecular weight of organic acids, such as oxalate, were more sensitive to the UV light, thereby resulting in the enhanced Fe(II) formation. Such Fe(II) formation subsequently led to the high reduction efficiency of Cr(VI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Bin Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Soil Environment Research Center, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo 57896, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Gook Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Soil Environment Research Center, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo 57896, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Hee Kim
- K-WATER, Water Quality Center, Daejeon 34350, Republic of Korea
| | - Eilhann E Kwon
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Kitae Baek
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Soil Environment Research Center, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo 57896, Republic of Korea.
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32
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Activated biochar with iron-loading and its application in removing Cr (VI) from aqueous solution. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.123642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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