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Yang XL, Ma XF, Ye ZP, Yang LS, Shi JB, Wang X, Zhou BB, Wang FB, Deng ZF. Simulating short-term light responses of photosynthesis and water use efficiency in sweet sorghum under varying temperature and CO 2 conditions. Front Plant Sci 2024; 15:1291630. [PMID: 38606074 PMCID: PMC11007071 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1291630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Climate change, characterized by rising atmospheric CO2 levels and temperatures, poses significant challenges to global crop production. Sweet sorghum, a prominent C4 cereal extensively grown in arid areas, emerges as a promising candidate for sustainable bioenergy production. This study investigated the responses of photosynthesis and leaf-scale water use efficiency (WUE) to varying light intensity (I) in sweet sorghum under different temperature and CO2 conditions. Comparative analyses were conducted between the A n-I, g s-I, T r-I, WUEi-I, and WUEinst-I models proposed by Ye et al. and the widely utilized the non-rectangular hyperbolic (NRH) model for fitting light response curves. The Ye's models effectively replicated the light response curves of sweet sorghum, accurately capturing the diminishing intrinsic WUE (WUEi) and instantaneous WUE (WUEinst) trends with increasing I. The fitted maximum values of A n, g s, T r, WUEi, and WUEinst and their saturation light intensities closely matched observations, unlike the NRH model. Despite the NRH model demonstrating high R 2 values for A n-I, g s-I, and T r-I modelling, it returned the maximum values significantly deviating from observed values and failed to generate saturation light intensities. It also inadequately represented WUE responses to I, overestimating WUE. Across different leaf temperatures, A n, g s, and T r of sweet sorghum displayed comparable light response patterns. Elevated temperatures increased maximum A n, g s, and T r but consistently declined maximum WUEi and WUEinst. However, WUEinst declined more sharply due to the disproportionate transpiration increase over carbon assimilation. Critically, sweet sorghum A n saturated at current atmospheric CO2 levels, with no significant gains under 550 μmol mol-1. Instead, stomatal closure enhanced WUE under elevated CO2 by coordinated g s and T r reductions rather than improved carbon assimilation. Nonetheless, this response diminished under simultaneously high temperature, suggesting intricate interplay between CO2 and temperature in modulating plant responses. These findings provide valuable insights into photosynthetic dynamics of sweet sorghum, aiding predictions of yield and optimization of cultivation practices. Moreover, our methodology serves as a valuable reference for evaluating leaf photosynthesis and WUE dynamics in diverse plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Long Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zi-Piao Ye
- Institute of Biophysics in Maths & Physics College, Jinggangshan University, Ji’an, China
| | | | - Jun-Bo Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xun Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Bei-Bei Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Fu-Biao Wang
- Institute of Biophysics in Maths & Physics College, Jinggangshan University, Ji’an, China
| | - Zi-Fa Deng
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
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Fang T, Qian C, Daoura BG, Yan X, Fan X, Zhao P, Liao Y, Shi L, Chang Y, Ma XF. A novel TF molecular switch-mechanism found in two contrasting ecotypes of a psammophyte, Agriophyllum squarrosum, in regulating transcriptional drought memory. BMC Plant Biol 2023; 23:167. [PMID: 36997861 PMCID: PMC10061855 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04154-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior drought stress may change plants response patterns and subsequently increase their tolerance to the same condition, which can be referred to as "drought memory" and proved essential for plants well-being. However, the mechanism of transcriptional drought memory in psammophytes remains unclear. Agriophyllum squarrosum, a pioneer species on mobile dunes, is widely spread in Northern China's vast desert areas with outstanding ability of water use efficiency. Here we conducted dehydration-rehydration treatment on A. squarrosum semi-arid land ecotype AEX and arid land ecotype WW to dissect the drought memory mechanism of A. squarrosum, and to determine the discrepancy in drought memory of two contrasting ecotypes that had long adapted to water heterogeneity. RESULT Physiological traits monitoring unveiled the stronger ability and longer duration in drought memory of WW than that of AEX. A total of 1,642 and 1,339 drought memory genes (DMGs) were identified in ecotype AEX and WW, respectively. Furthermore, shared DMGs among A. squarrosum and the previously studied species depicted that drought memory commonalities in higher plants embraced pathways like primary and secondary metabolisms; while drought memory characteristics in A. squarrosum were mainly related to response to heat, high light intensity, hydrogen peroxide, and dehydration, which might be due to local adaptation to desert circumstances. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) occupied the center of the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network in drought memory transcription factors (TF), thus playing a key regulatory role in A. squarrosum drought memory. Co-expression analysis of drought memory TFs and DMGs uncovered a novel regulating module, whereby pairs of TFs might function as molecular switches in regulating DMG transforming between high and low expression levels, thus promoting drought memory reset. CONCLUSION Based on the co-expression analysis, protein-protein interaction prediction, and drought memory metabolic network construction, a novel regulatory module of transcriptional drought memory in A. squarrosum was hypothesized here, whereby recurrent drought signal is activated by primary TF switches, then amplified by secondary amplifiers, and thus regulates downstream complicated metabolic networks. The present research provided valuable molecular resources on plants' stress-resistance basis and shed light on drought memory in A. squarrosum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingzhou Fang
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000 China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Chaoju Qian
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000 China
| | - Bachir Goudia Daoura
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Dan Dicko Dankoulodo University, POBox 465, Maradi, Niger
| | - Xia Yan
- Key Laboratory of Eco-hydrology of Inland River Basin, Northwest Institute of Eco- Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000 China
| | - Xingke Fan
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000 China
| | - Pengshu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000 China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Yuqiu Liao
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000 China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Liang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000 China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Yuxiao Chang
- Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shenzhen, 518000 China
| | - Xiao-Fei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000 China
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Zhu MX, Ma XF, Niu X, Fan GB, Li Y. Mitochondrial unfolded protein response in ischemia-reperfusion injury. Brain Res 2022; 1797:148116. [PMID: 36209898 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2022.148116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt) is a mitochondrial stress response that activates the transcriptional program of mitochondrial chaperone proteins and proteases to keep protein homeostasis in mitochondria. Ischemia-reperfusion injury results in multiple severe clinical issues linked to high morbidity and mortality in various disorders. The pathophysiology and pathogenesis of ischemia-reperfusion injury are complex and multifactorial. Emerging evidence showed the roles of UPRmt signaling in ischemia-reperfusion injury. Herein, we discuss the regulatory mechanisms underlying UPRmt signaling in C. elegans and mammals. Furthermore, we review the recent studies into the roles and mechanisms of UPRmt signaling in ischemia-reperfusion injury of the heart, brain, kidney, and liver. Further research of UPRmt signaling will potentially develop novel therapeutic strategies against ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Xi Zhu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine and Life Science, Hainan Medical University, Hainan, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Ma
- Department of ICU, The 4th Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xing Niu
- Department of Second Clinical College, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Gui-Bo Fan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The 4th Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The 4th Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
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Fang T, Zhou S, Qian C, Yan X, Yin X, Fan X, Zhao P, Liao Y, Shi L, Chang Y, Ma XF. Corrigendum: Integrated metabolomics and transcriptomics insights on flavonoid biosynthesis of a medicinal functional forage, Agriophyllum squarrosum (L.), based on a common garden trial covering six ecotypes. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:1092707. [PMID: 36507418 PMCID: PMC9727375 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1092707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.985572.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingzhou Fang
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shanshan Zhou
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanxi Institute of Science and Technology, Jincheng, China
| | - Chaoju Qian
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xia Yan
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydrology of Inland River Basin, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Marsgreen Biotech Jiangsu Co., Ltd., Haian, China
| | - Xiaoyue Yin
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xingke Fan
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Pengshu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuqiu Liao
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxiao Chang
- Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Marsgreen Biotech Jiangsu Co., Ltd., Haian, China
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Fang T, Zhou S, Qian C, Yan X, Yin X, Fan X, Zhao P, Liao Y, Shi L, Chang Y, Ma XF. Integrated metabolomics and transcriptomics insights on flavonoid biosynthesis of a medicinal functional forage, Agriophyllum squarrosum (L.), based on a common garden trial covering six ecotypes. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:985572. [PMID: 36204072 PMCID: PMC9530573 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.985572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Agriophyllum squarrosum (L.) Moq., well known as sandrice, is an important wild forage in sandy areas and a promising edible and medicinal resource plant with great domestication potential. Previous studies showed flavonoids are one of the most abundant medicinal ingredients in sandrice, whereby isorhamnetin and isorhamnetin-3-glycoside were the top two flavonols with multiple health benefits. However, the molecular regulatory mechanisms of flavonoids in sandrice remain largely unclear. Based on a common garden trial, in this study, an integrated transcriptomic and flavonoids-targeted metabolomic analysis was performed on the vegetative and reproductive periods of six sandrice ecotypes, whose original habitats covered a variety of environmental factor gradients. Multiple linear stepwise regression analysis unveiled that flavonoid accumulation in sandrice was positively correlated with temperature and UVB and negatively affected by precipitation and sunshine duration, respectively. Weighted co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) indicated the bHLH and MYB transcription factor (TF) families might play key roles in sandrice flavonoid biosynthesis regulation. A total of 22,778 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between ecotype DL and ecotype AEX, the two extremes in most environmental factors, whereby 85 DEGs could be related to known flavonoid biosynthesis pathway. A sandrice flavonoid biosynthesis network embracing the detected 23 flavonoids in this research was constructed. Gene families Plant flavonoid O-methyltransferase (AsPFOMT) and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (AsUGT78D2) were identified and characterized on the transcriptional level and believed to be synthases of isorhamnetin and isorhamnetin-3-glycoside in sandrice, respectively. A trade-off between biosynthesis of rutin and isorhamnetin was found in the DL ecotype, which might be due to the metabolic flux redirection when facing environmental changes. This research provides valuable information for understanding flavonoid biosynthesis in sandrice at the molecular level and laid the foundation for precise development and utilization of this functional resource forage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingzhou Fang
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shanshan Zhou
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanxi Institute of Science and Technology, Jincheng, China
| | - Chaoju Qian
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xia Yan
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydrology of Inland River Basin, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Marsgreen Biotech Jiangsu Co., Ltd., Haian, China
| | - Xiaoyue Yin
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xingke Fan
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Pengshu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuqiu Liao
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxiao Chang
- Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Marsgreen Biotech Jiangsu Co., Ltd., Haian, China
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Yan X, Chang Y, Zhao W, Qian C, Yin X, Fan X, Zhu X, Zhao X, Ma XF. Transcriptome profiling reveals that foliar water uptake occurs with C 3 and crassulacean acid metabolism facultative photosynthesis in Tamarix ramosissima under extreme drought. AoB Plants 2022; 14:plab060. [PMID: 35047161 PMCID: PMC8763614 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plab060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Tamarix ramosissima is a typical desert plant species that is widely distributed in the desert areas of Northwest China. It plays a significant role in sand fixation and soil water conservation. In particular, how it uses water to survive in the desert plays an important role in plant growth and ecosystem function. Previous studies have revealed that T. ramosissima can alleviate drought by absorbing water from its leaves under extreme drought conditions. To date, there is no clear molecular regulation mechanism to explain foliar water uptake (FWU). In the present study, we correlated diurnal meteorological data, sap flow and photosynthetic parameters to determine the physical and biological characteristics of FWU. Our results suggested that the lesser the groundwater, the easier it is for T. ramosissima to absorb water via the leaves. Gene ontology annotation and Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis of the transcriptome profile of plants subjected to high humidity suggested that FWU was highly correlated to carbohydrate metabolism, energy transfer, pyruvate metabolism, hormone signal transduction and plant-pathogen interaction. Interestingly, as a C3 plant, genes such as PEPC, PPDK, MDH and RuBP, which are involved in crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) photosynthesis, were highly upregulated and accompanied by FWU. Therefore, we proposed that in the case of sufficient water supply, C3 photosynthesis is used in T. ramosissima, whereas in cases of extreme drought, starch is degraded to provide CO2 for CAM photosynthesis to make full use of the water obtained via FWU and the water that was transported or stored to assimilating branches and stems. This study may provide not only an important theoretical foundation for FWU and conversion from C3 plants to CAM plants but also for engineering improved photosynthesis in high-yield drought-tolerant plants and mitigation of climate change-driven drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Yan
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Inland River Ecohydrology, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Yan Chang
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weijia Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chaoju Qian
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaoyue Yin
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xingke Fan
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xinyu Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiangqiang Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
- Corresponding author’s e-mail address:
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Zhou S, Yang J, Qian C, Yin X, Yan X, Fan X, Fang T, Gao Y, Chang Y, Ma XF. Organic acid metabolites involved in local adaptation to altitudinal gradient in Agriophyllum squarrosum, a desert medicinal plant. J Plant Res 2021; 134:999-1011. [PMID: 34308491 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-021-01325-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Agriophyllum squarrosum (L.) Moq., a pioneer plant endemic to the temperate deserts of Asia, could be domesticated into an ideal crop with outstanding ecological and medicinal characteristics. A previous study showed differential organic acid accumulation between two in situ altitudinal ecotypes. To verify whether this accumulation was determined by environmental or genetic factors, we conducted organic acid targeted metabolic profiling among 14 populations of A. squarrosum collected from regions with different altitudes based on a common garden experiment. Results showed that the most abundant organic acid in A. squarrosum was citric acid (96.03%, 2322.90 μg g-1). Association analysis with in situ environmental variables showed that salicylic acid content was positively correlated with altitudinal gradient. Considering the enrichment of salicylic acid and protocatechualdehyde in high-altitude populations based on the common garden experiment, and the high expression of their biosynthesis relative genes (i.e., PAL and C4H) in the in situ high-altitude ecotype, we propose that organic acid accumulation could be involved in local adaptation to high altitudes. This study not only addresses the molecular basis of local adaptation involving the accumulation of organic acids in the desert plant A. squarrosum but also provides a method to screen wild germplasms to mitigate the impact of global climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Donggang West Road 320, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-Di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Chaoju Qian
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Donggang West Road 320, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaoyue Yin
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Donggang West Road 320, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xia Yan
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Donggang West Road 320, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
- School of Life Science, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xingke Fan
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Donggang West Road 320, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Tingzhou Fang
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Donggang West Road 320, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Faculty of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin, 644000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuxiao Chang
- Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 450002, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Donggang West Road 320, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
- School of Life Science, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, Jiangsu, China.
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Hou W, Dong XT, Wu TT, Ma XF, Zhang XH, Hou CL, Liu XH. [Preliminary study on the etiological characteristics and clinical treatment of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws]. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2021; 56:659-664. [PMID: 34275221 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112144-20210120-00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To summarize the etiological characteristics and clinical treatment effects of 17 patients with medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). Methods: The clinical data of 17 patients with MRONJ admitted to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the First People's Hospital of Jinzhong, Shanxi Province, from July 2016 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed, including 9 males and 8 females, aged (63.6±9.6) years old (43-82 years old). Descriptive analysis of the primary disease, onset factors, site of disease, clinical manifestations, treatment methods, and treatment effects was conducted through follow-up for at least 1 year. Results: Among the primary diseases of the 17 cases, 12 were malignant tumors, and 5 were osteoporosis. There were 13 cases with a history of a trigger event (tooth extraction or unsuited removable denture). Six cases occurred in the maxilla, 10 cases occurred in the mandible, and 1 case involved both the upper and lower jaws. For the most common medication used, bisphosphonate was used in 16 cases including 5 cases with concomitant use of angiogenesis-inhibiting drugs. There was 1 case resulted from receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) monoclonal antibody application. The duration of medication application was (10.1±3.9) months (3-18 months). All 17 cases were treated surgically. Totally 15 patients healed well after surgical treatment and the other 2 patients, who had poor soft tissue healing after surgery, healed well after a second operation. Conclusions: Tooth extraction might be a major trigger factor for the onset of MRONJ in the mandible. The disease was more possibly occured in the mandible than in the maxilla. Appropriate surgical treatment could achieve a good clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Hou
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the First People's Hospital of Jinzhong, Jinzhong Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong 030600, China
| | - X T Dong
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the First People's Hospital of Jinzhong, Jinzhong Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong 030600, China
| | - T T Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the First People's Hospital of Jinzhong, Jinzhong Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong 030600, China
| | - X F Ma
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the First People's Hospital of Jinzhong, Jinzhong Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong 030600, China
| | - X H Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the First People's Hospital of Jinzhong, Jinzhong Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong 030600, China
| | - C L Hou
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the First People's Hospital of Jinzhong, Jinzhong Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong 030600, China
| | - X H Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the First People's Hospital of Jinzhong, Jinzhong Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong 030600, China
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Zhou S, Yan X, Yang J, Qian C, Yin X, Fan X, Fang T, Gao Y, Chang Y, Liu W, Ma XF. Variations in Flavonoid Metabolites Along Altitudinal Gradient in a Desert Medicinal Plant Agriophyllum squarrosum. Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:683265. [PMID: 34354722 PMCID: PMC8329721 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.683265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Agriophyllum squarrosum (L.) Moq., a pioneer plant endemic to the temperate deserts of Asia, could be domesticated into an ideal crop with outstanding ecological and medicinal characteristics. A previous study showed differential flavonoid accumulation between two in situ altitudinal ecotypes. To verify whether this accumulation was determined by environmental or genetic factors, we conducted flavonoid-targeted metabolic profiling among 14 populations of A. squarrosum collected from regions with different altitudes based on a common garden experiment. Results showed that the most abundant flavonoid in A. squarrosum was isorhamnetin (48.40%, 557.45 μg/g), followed by quercetin (13.04%, 150.15 μg/g), tricin (11.17%, 128.70 μg/g), isoquercitrin (7.59%, 87.42 μg/g), isovitexin (7.20%, 82.94 μg/g), and rutin (7.00%, 80.62 μg/g). However, based on a common garden at middle-altitude environment, almost none of the flavonoids was enriched in the high-altitude populations, and even some flavonoids, such as quercetin, tricin, and rutin, were significantly enriched in low-altitude populations. This phenomenon indicated that the accumulation of flavonoids was not a result of local adaptation to high altitude. Furthermore, association analysis with in situ environmental variables showed that the contents of quercetin, tricin, and rutin were strongly positively correlated with latitude, longitude, and precipitation gradients and negatively correlated with temperature gradients. Thus, we could conclude that the accumulations of flavonoids in A. squarrosum were more likely as a result of local adaption to environmental heterogeneity combined with precipitation and temperature other than high altitude. This study not only provides an example to understand the molecular ecological basis of pharmacognosy, but also supplies methodologies for developing a new industrial crop with ecological and agricultural importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions of Gansu Province, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Yan
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions of Gansu Province, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chaoju Qian
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions of Gansu Province, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyue Yin
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions of Gansu Province, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xingke Fan
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions of Gansu Province, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tingzhou Fang
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions of Gansu Province, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Faculty of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin, China
| | - Yuxiao Chang
- Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Weimin Liu
- Zhongnong Haidao (Shenzhen) Biotech Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions of Gansu Province, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
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Qian C, Yan X, Fang T, Yin X, Zhou S, Fan X, Chang Y, Ma XF. Genomic Adaptive Evolution of Sand Rice ( Agriophyllum squarrosum) and Its Implications for Desert Ecosystem Restoration. Front Genet 2021; 12:656061. [PMID: 33995487 PMCID: PMC8120313 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.656061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural selection is a significant driver of population divergence and speciation of plants. Due to local adaptation to geographic regions with ecological gradients, plant populations harbored a wide range of adaptive genetic variation to enable them to survive the heterogeneous habitats. This is all the more necessary for desert plants, as they must tolerant more striking gradients of abiotic stresses. However, the genomic mechanism by which desert plants adapt to ecological heterogeneity remains unclear, which could help to guide the sustainability of desert ecosystems. Here, using restriction-site-associated DNA sequencing in 38 natural populations, we investigated the genomic divergence and environmental adaptation of sand rice, Agriophyllum squarrosum, an annual pioneer species that covers sand dunes in northern China. Population genetic structure analyses showed that sand rice could be divided into three geographically distinct lineages, namely, Northwest, Central, and East. Phylogeographic analyses revealed that the plant might originate locally in Bergen County and further differentiated into the East lineage and then the Central lineage. Ecological niche modeling found that different lineages occupied distinct ecological niches, suggesting that the ecological gradient would have triggered genomic differentiation among sand rice lineages. Ecological association study supported that the three SNPs under divergent selection were closely correlated with precipitation gradients, indicating that precipitation might be the most important stress trigger for lineage diversity in sand rice. These adaptive SNPs could be used to genotype suitable germplasms for the ecological restoration of specific desertified lands. Further analyses found that genetic structure could significantly overestimate the signals for balancing selection. Within the Central lineage, we still found that 175 SNPs could be subject to balancing selection, which could be the means by which sand rice maintains genetic diversity and adapts to multiple stresses across heterogeneous deserts and sandy lands. From a genomic point of view, this study highlighted the local and global adaptation patterns of a desert plant to extreme and heterogeneous habitats. Our data provide molecular guidance for the restoration of desertified lands in the arid and semi-arid regions of China and could facilitate the marker assistant breeding of this potential crop to mitigate climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoju Qian
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xia Yan
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Key Laboratory of Eco-hydrology of Inland River Basin, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Tingzhou Fang
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyue Yin
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shanshan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xingke Fan
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxiao Chang
- Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
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Dong X, Chang Y, Zheng R, Wang X, Yan X, Ma XF. Phytoremediation of Cadmium Contaminated Soil: Impacts on Morphological Traits, Proline Content and Stomata Parameters of Sweet Sorghum Seedlings. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2021; 106:528-535. [PMID: 33661312 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-021-03125-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Phytoremediation is a green, simple, eco-friendly, sustainable, and cost-effective remediation technology to remove and degrade contaminants from soil. In this study, a germination experiment and a pot experiment were performed in greenhouse to evaluate cadmium toxicity and phytoremediation capacity. The results showed that there was the highest membership function value of cadmium (MFVC) in KFJT-3 than that of KFJT-CK and KFJT-1, the value being 0.473, 0.456 and 0.413, respectively. Furthermore, the highest biomass was discovered in KFJT-3 compared to the other genotypes under 50 mg/kg cadmium stress. Physiological analysis showed that proline content significantly increased in KFJT-3, the value being 31.88%. In addition, Bioaccumulation factor (BAF) and Translocation factor (TF) value were 3.80 and 1.02 for KFJT-3, respectively. In conclusion, BAF and TF values showed that the cadmium tolerance of KFJT-1 and KFJT-3 could be higher than that of KFJT-CK, which could be the genotype for phytoremediation of cadmium contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xicun Dong
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Yan Chang
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Rong Zheng
- Jiuquan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiuquan, China
| | - Xueqiang Wang
- Jiuquan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiuquan, China
| | - Xia Yan
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China.
| | - Xiao-Fei Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China.
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China.
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Ma XF, Jin M, Sun H, Mi CB. Application Status and Prospect of Bite Mark Evidence in Forensic Odontology. Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi 2020; 36:369-373. [PMID: 32705852 DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2020.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Bite marks are increasingly common in violent cases such as child abuse and sex crimes. Bite marks are often the result of a suspect's attack or a victim's self-defense. Because human teeth vary in size, shape and arrangement, bite marks on objects such as skin and food are characteristic. By using this principle, forensic odontology can identify or exclude suspects by comparing actual bite marks with the teeth marks in the mouth. In this paper, the practical application of bite mark evidence, the research status and problems of bite mark analysis are briefly reviewed, and the prospect of bite mark analysis is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- X F Ma
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, China
| | - M Jin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, China
| | - H Sun
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, China
| | - C B Mi
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, China
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13
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Ma XF, Maimaiti TD, Wang JR, Jin M, Patiguli WSM, Mi CB. [Sex Characteristics and Distribution of External Ear in Uygur Population of Xinjiang]. Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi 2020; 36:642-647. [PMID: 33295164 DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2020.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Objective To analyze the characteristics of the bilateral external ears of Uygur adults by directly observing the morphological characteristics of the external ears of Uygur adults and classifying each feature. The frequency distribution of the characteristics was calculated to provide reference for forensic identification. Methods The 210 cases (75 males and 135 females) of bilateral external ear photos of Uygur adults in Xinjiang that met the inclusion criteria were collected. The frequencies of the features of the external ear were recorded and distinguished between the two sexes and the different sides. The data were statistically analyzed by SPSS 21.0 statistical software. Results The shapes of the external ears of males and females were commonly oblique or rectangular (34.67% of the left external ear of males and 41.33% of the right were oblique; 30.37% of the left and right external ear of females were rectangular), while triangular ears were the rare variants and the least common. Sex and bilateral differences were observed as regards the form of the helix in the subjects. Normally rolled helix was the most common (58.67% males and 61.48% females for the left ear; 60.00% males and 72.59% females for the right ear). Wide covering scapha helix was the most rare for the male left ear and flat helix was the most rare for the female right ear. Square and free earlobes were the most common (49.33% males and 62.96% females for the left ear; 40.00% males and 54.81% females for the right ear), whereas triangular earlobes were rarely seen. Single knob tragus (40.00% males and 37.78% females for the left ear; 37.33% males and 33.33% females for the right ear) and projection type of Darwin's tubercle (50.67% males and 40.00% females for the left ear; 48.00% males and 39.26% females for the right ear) were found to be common. Conclusion The characteristics of the bilateral external ears of male and female Uygur adults have differences, which can be used for forensic identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- X F Ma
- Department of Orthodontics, the First Affiliated Hospital (Affiliated Stomatological Hospital) of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830000, China
| | - T D Maimaiti
- Department of Stomatology, the First People's Hospital of Kashgar Region, Kashgar 844000, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - J R Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, the First Affiliated Hospital (Affiliated Stomatological Hospital) of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830000, China
| | - M Jin
- Department of Orthodontics, the First Affiliated Hospital (Affiliated Stomatological Hospital) of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830000, China
| | - W S M Patiguli
- Department of Orthodontics, the First Affiliated Hospital (Affiliated Stomatological Hospital) of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830000, China
| | - C B Mi
- Department of Orthodontics, the First Affiliated Hospital (Affiliated Stomatological Hospital) of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830000, China
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Fan X, Yan X, Qian C, Bachir DG, Yin X, Sun P, Ma XF. Leaf size variations in a dominant desert shrub, Reaumuria soongarica, adapted to heterogeneous environments. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:10076-10094. [PMID: 33005365 PMCID: PMC7520190 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The climate in arid Central Asia (ACA) has changed rapidly in recent decades, but the ecological consequences of this are far from clear. To predict the impacts of climate change on ecosystem functioning, greater attention should be given to the relationships between leaf functional traits and environmental heterogeneity. As a dominant constructive shrub widely distributed in ACA, Reaumuria soongarica provided us with an ideal model to understand how leaf functional traits of desert ecosystems responded to the heterogeneous environments of ACA. Here, to determine the influences of genetic and ecological factors, we characterized species-wide variations in leaf traits among 30 wild populations of R. soongarica and 16 populations grown in a common garden. We found that the leaf length, width, and leaf length to width ratio (L/W) of the northern lineage were significantly larger than those of other genetic lineages, and principal component analysis based on the in situ environmental factors distinguished the northern lineage from the other lineages studied. With increasing latitude, leaf length, width, and L/W in the wild populations increased significantly. Leaf length and L/W were negatively correlated with altitude, and first increased and then decreased with increasing mean annual temperature (MAT) and mean annual precipitation (MAP). Stepwise regression analyses further indicated that leaf length variation was mainly affected by latitude. However, leaf width was uncorrelated with altitude, MAT, or MAP. The common garden trial showed that leaf width variation among the eastern populations was caused by both local adaptation and phenotypic plasticity. Our findings suggest that R. soongarica preferentially changes leaf length to adjust leaf size to cope with environmental change. We also reveal phenotypic evidence for ecological speciation of R. soongarica. These results will help us better understand and predict the consequences of climate change for desert ecosystem functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingke Fan
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Xia Yan
- School of Life Sciences Nantong University Nantong China
| | - Chaoju Qian
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou China
| | - Daoura Goudia Bachir
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou China
| | - Xiaoyue Yin
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Peipei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Xiao-Fei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou China
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Yin H, Wang L, Shi Y, Qian C, Zhou H, Wang W, Ma XF, Tran LSP, Zhang B. The East Asian Winter Monsoon Acts as a Major Selective Factor in the Intraspecific Differentiation of Drought-Tolerant Nitraria tangutorum in Northwest China. Plants (Basel) 2020; 9:plants9091100. [PMID: 32867062 PMCID: PMC7570063 DOI: 10.3390/plants9091100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The influence of Quaternary climate fluctuation on the geographical structure and genetic diversity of species distributed in the regions of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (QTP) has been well established. However, the underlying role of the East Asian monsoon system (EAMS) in shaping the genetic structure of the population and the demography of plants located in the arid northwest of China has not been explored. In the present study, Nitraria tangutorum, a drought-tolerant desert shrub that is distributed in the EAMS zone and has substantial ecological and economic value, was profiled to better understand the influence of EAMS evolution on its biogeographical patterns and demographic history. Thus, the phylogeographical structure and historical dynamics of this plant species were elucidated using its five chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) fragments. Hierarchical structure analysis revealed three distinct, divergent lineages: West, East-A, and East-B. The molecular dating was carried out using a Bayesian approach to estimate the time of intraspecies divergence. Notably, the eastern region, which included East-A and East-B lineages, was revealed to be the original center of distribution and was characterized by a high level of genetic diversity, with the intraspecific divergence time dated to be around 2.53 million years ago (Ma). These findings, combined with the data obtained by ecological niche modeling analysis, indicated that the East lineages have undergone population expansion and differentiation, which were closely correlated with the development of the EAMS, especially the East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM). The West lineage appears to have originated from the migration of N. tangutorum across the Hexi corridor at around 1.85 Ma, and subsequent colonization of the western region. These results suggest that the EAWM accelerated the population expansion of N. tangutorum and subsequent intraspecific differentiation. These findings collectively provide new information on the impact of the evolution of the EAMS on intraspecific diversification and population demography of drought-tolerant plant species in northwest China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengxia Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China;
| | - Lirong Wang
- College of Ecological Environment and Resources, Qinghai Nationalities University, Xining 810007, China;
| | - Yong Shi
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China;
| | - Chaoju Qian
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; (C.Q.); (X.-F.M.)
| | - Huakun Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Restoration Ecology in Cold Region of Qinghai Province, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining 810008, China;
| | - Wenying Wang
- Department of Life Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China;
| | - Xiao-Fei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; (C.Q.); (X.-F.M.)
| | - Lam-Son Phan Tran
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, 03 Quang Trung, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam
- Stress Adaptation Research Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-19 22, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
- Correspondence: (L.-S.P.T.); (B.Z.)
| | - Benyin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China;
- College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
- Correspondence: (L.-S.P.T.); (B.Z.)
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Ren Q, Zhang CY, Ma XF, Cheng RZ, Bian XY, Xiao XL, Liu XZ, Zhou HF. [Spectomycin B1 induces VEGFR2 de-SUMO modification to inhibit angiogenesis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2020; 33:1181-1184. [PMID: 31914270 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2019.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective:To explore the new mechanism of spectomycin B1 in inhibiting angiogenesis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and to provide a theoretical basis for targeted gene therapy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Method:Human nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE1 cells were divided into two groups, the control group and spectomycin B1 group. Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of small ubiquitin-related modified protein(SUMO) 1 and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2(VEGFR2). The angiogenesis assay was used to detect the angiogenic ability of CNE1 cells, and the apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. The model of nasopharyngeal carcinoma-bearing mice was established, spectomycin B1 was administered, tumor volume and weight were measured, and protein expression of CD31 was detected by immunohistochemistry and microvessel density was compared. Result:Spectomycin B1 could reduce deSUMOylation of VEGFR2 protein by 4.05 times, significantly reduce the angiogenic ability of CNE1 cells, and increase the apoptosis rate by 20.68%. In the tumor-bearing mouse model, spectomycin B1 treatment could inhibit subcutaneous tumor growth rate and weight, and the blood vessel density decreased by 40.04%. Conclusion:Spectomycin B1 can inhibit neovascularization of nasopharyngeal carcinoma by inducing deSUMOylation of VEGFR2 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Ren
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology,the Fifth Central Hospital of Tianjin,Tianjin,300450,China
| | - C Y Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy,Tianjin Binhai New Area Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - X F Ma
- Central Laboratory,the Fifth Central Hospital of Tianjin
| | - R Z Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy,Tianjin Binhai New Area Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - X Y Bian
- Central Laboratory,the Fifth Central Hospital of Tianjin
| | - X L Xiao
- Central Laboratory,the Fifth Central Hospital of Tianjin
| | - X Z Liu
- Central Laboratory,the Fifth Central Hospital of Tianjin
| | - H F Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology,Tianjin Medical University General Hospital
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Qian C, Yan X, Shi Y, Yin H, Chang Y, Chen J, Ingvarsson PK, Nevo E, Ma XF. Adaptive signals of flowering time pathways in wild barley from Israel over 28 generations. Heredity (Edinb) 2020; 124:62-76. [PMID: 31527784 PMCID: PMC6906298 DOI: 10.1038/s41437-019-0264-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Flowering time is one of the most critical traits for plants' life cycles, which is influenced by various environment changes, such as global warming. Previous studies have suggested that to guarantee reproductive success, plants have shifted flowering times to adapt to global warming. Although many studies focused on the molecular mechanisms of early flowering, little was supported by the repeated sampling at different time points through the changing climate. To fully dissect the temporal and spatial evolutionary genetics of flowering time, we investigated nucleotide variation in ten flowering time candidate genes and nine reference genes for the same ten wild-barley populations sampled 28 years apart (1980-2008). The overall genetic differentiation was significantly greater in the descendant populations (2008) compared with the ancestral populations (1980); however, local adaptation tests failed to detect any single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)/indel under spatial-diversifying selection at either time point. By contrast, the WFABC (Wright-Fisher ABC-based approach) that detected 54 SNPs/indels was under strong selection during the past 28 generations. Moreover, all these 54 alleles were segregated in the ancestral populations, but fixed in the descendent populations. Among the top ten SNPs/indels, seven were located in genes of FT1 (FLOWERING TIME LOCUS T 1), CO1 (CONSTANS-LIKE PROTEIN 1), and VRN-H2 (VERNALIZATION-H2), which have been documented to be associated with flowering time regulation in barley cultivars. This study might suggest that all ten populations have undergone parallel evolution over the past few decades in response to global warming, and even an overwhelming local adaptation and ecological differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoju Qian
- Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Xia Yan
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong Shi
- Germplasm Bank of Wild Species in Southwest China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Hengxia Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, Qinghai, China
| | - Yuxiao Chang
- Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 450002, China
| | - Jun Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Pär K Ingvarsson
- Department of Plant Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala BioCenter, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Eviatar Nevo
- Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838, Israel.
| | - Xiao-Fei Ma
- Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
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Mi GX, Ning Y, Sun K, Tao LL, Ma XF, Wang LQ. Expression of matrix metalloproteinase in cholesteatoma epithelium of patients with cholesteatoma otitis media. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2019; 33:1843-1848. [PMID: 31713404 DOI: 10.23812/19-140-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G X Mi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Y Ning
- Office of International Exchange and Cooperation, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, China
| | - K Sun
- Department of Biology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, China
| | - L L Tao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, China
| | - X F Ma
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, China
| | - L Q Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, China
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Wang HD, Song PP, Hou J, Wei XM, Ma XF, Chen F, Gao X, Yu CJ. [Clinical significance of continuous transfixion suture for nasal septum in septoplasty]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018; 32:927-930. [PMID: 29921076 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2018.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective:To systemically evaluate the clinical significance of continuous transfixion suture for nasal septum in septoplasty. Method:Forty patients with nasal septum deviation were randomly assigned to the suture group including 20 patients who underwent endoscopic septoplasty followed by continuous transfixion suture for nasal septum, or the nasal packing group including 20 patients who underwent endoscopic septoplasty followed by nasal packing. Two groups were compared for the visual analogue scale (VAS) scores for postoperative rhinalgia, headache, lacrimation, dysphagia and sleep disorder, changes in mucociliary transport time (MTT) before and after surgery, and postoperative capillary hemorrhage. Patients were followed up for 2 weeks to observe the short-term postoperative complications. Result:Mean VAS scores for rhinalgia, headache, lacrimation, dysphagia and sleep disorder were all higher in nasal packing group than those in suture group (P<0.05); compared to suture group, there was greater prolongation of MTT before and after surgery in packing group (P<0.05); there was significant difference between two groups in postoperative capillary hemorrhage volume (P<0.05); in the nasal packing group, nasal synechia, nasal dryness and hyposmia were observed in 1, 3 and 2 patients, respectively, within 2 weeks postoperatively, whereas no short-term complications were observed in the suture group. Conclusion:Use of continuous transfixion suture in place of nasal packing following septoplasty can significantly improve the postoperative symptoms, protect nasal mucociliary clearance, and reduce short-term postoperative complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- H D Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Research Institution of Otolaryngology,Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - P P Song
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Research Institution of Otolaryngology,Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - J Hou
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Research Institution of Otolaryngology,Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - X M Wei
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Research Institution of Otolaryngology,Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - X F Ma
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Research Institution of Otolaryngology,Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - F Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Research Institution of Otolaryngology,Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - X Gao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Research Institution of Otolaryngology,Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - C J Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Research Institution of Otolaryngology,Nanjing, 210008, China
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Qian C, Yan X, Yin H, Fan X, Yin X, Sun P, Li Z, Nevo E, Ma XF. Transcriptomes Divergence of Ricotia lunaria Between the Two Micro-Climatic Divergent Slopes at "Evolution Canyon" I, Israel. Front Genet 2018; 9:506. [PMID: 30487810 PMCID: PMC6246625 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
As one of the hotspot regions for sympatric speciation studies, Evolution Canyon (EC) became an ideal place for its high level of microclimatic divergence interslopes. In this study, to highlight the genetic mechanisms of sympatric speciation, phenotypic variation on flowering time and transcriptomic divergence were investigated between two ecotypes of Ricotia lunaria, which inhabit the opposite temperate and tropical slopes of EC I (Lower Nahal Oren, Mount Carmel, Israel) separated by 100 m at the bottom of the slopes. Growth chamber results showed that flowering time of the ecotype from south-facing slope population # 3 (SFS 3) was significantly 3 months ahead of the north-facing slope population # 5 (NFS 5). At the same floral development stage, transcriptome analysis showed that 1,064 unigenes were differentially expressed between the two ecotypes, which enriched in the four main pathways involved in abiotic and/or biotic stresses responses, including flavonoid biosynthesis, α-linolenic acid metabolism, plant-pathogen interaction and linoleic acid metabolism. Furthermore, based on Ka/Ks analysis, nine genes were suggested to be involved in the ecological divergence between the two ecotypes, whose homologs functioned in RNA editing, ABA signaling, photoprotective response, chloroplasts protein-conducting channel, and carbohydrate metabolism in Arabidopsis thaliana. Among them, four genes, namely, SPDS1, FCLY, Tic21 and BGLU25, also showed adaptive divergence between R. lunaria and A. thaliana, suggesting that these genes could play an important role in plant speciation, at least in Brassicaceae. Based on results of both the phenotype of flowering time and comparative transcriptome, we hypothesize that, after long-time local adaptations to their interslope microclimatic environments, the molecular functions of these nine genes could have been diverged between the two ecotypes. They might differentially regulate the expression of the downstream genes and pathways that are involved in the interslope abiotic stresses, which could further diverge the flowering time between the two ecotypes, and finally induce the reproductive isolation establishment by natural selection overruling interslope gene flow, promoting sympatric speciation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoju Qian
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xia Yan
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hengxia Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Xingke Fan
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyue Yin
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Peipei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhijun Li
- Xinjiang Production & Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin, Alar, China
| | - Eviatar Nevo
- Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Xiao-Fei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
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21
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Li JY, Chen F, Yu CJ, Ma XF, Li H, Wang HD. [Value discussion of radical sinus surgery for difficult-to-treat rhinosinusitis]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018; 32:749-753. [PMID: 29873211 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective:To investigate the efficacy of radical sinus surgery (RSS) on difficult-to-treat rhinosinusitis(DTRS) with nasal polyps. Method: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 26 patients with DTRS that treated with RSS and patients who were not treated with RSS in our hospital from August 2013 to June 2017.The effect of RSS were evaluated by comparing the CT Lund-Kennery score,endoscope Lund-Kennery score,global VAS score and dysosmia VAS score before operation and 6 months after operation. Result: RSS group had more severe Lund-Kennery score,global VAS score and dysosmia VAS score than non-RSS group,and also had more previous surgeries,higher ratio of olfactory region polyps,and higher ratio of co-existing asthma and allergic rhinitis. However RSS group had a lower ratio with pus anot than non-RSS group. The eosinophil count in periheral blood between two groups had no statistical significance. Six months after RSS,the score of endoscope Lund-Kennery,global VAS and dysosmia VAS dependence. 14 patients were successfully cured(53.8%), 12 patients showed improvement(46.2%), no invalid cases. Conclusion: The global symptoms and olfaction of DTRS patients can be improved by RSS combine individual perioperative drug therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Li
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Nanjing, 210008, China.,Research Institute of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School
| | - F Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Nanjing, 210008, China.,Research Institute of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School
| | - C J Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Nanjing, 210008, China.,Research Institute of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School
| | - X F Ma
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Nanjing, 210008, China.,Research Institute of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School
| | - H Li
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Nanjing, 210008, China.,Research Institute of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School
| | - H D Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Nanjing, 210008, China.,Research Institute of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School
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Yan X, Qian C, Yin X, Fan X, Zhao X, Gu M, Wang T, Ma XF. A whole-transcriptome approach to evaluate reference genes for quantitative diurnal gene expression studies under natural field conditions in Tamarix ramosissima leaves. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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23
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Yuan L, Jiang ZM, Chen XH, Bian XY, Li YX, Ma XF, Liu XZ. [Hypoxia inducible factor-1α deSUMOylation reduces the stemness maintenance ability of endometrial cancer stem cell and increases its chemosensitivity]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2018; 97:3579-3582. [PMID: 29275599 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2017.45.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To reduce the stemness maintenance ability of endometrial cancer stem cell and increase its sensitivity to chemotherapy by inducing hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) protein deSUMOylation. Methods: Lentiviral plasmid mediated ubiquitin carrier protein 9 (Ubc9) gene silencing was transgened into KLE endometrial carcinoma cells. The expression of Ubc9, small ubiquitin-related modifier 1(SUMO1) and HIF-1α protein was detected by Western blotting. Then tumor stem cells clones were cultured in 96 well plates, and these clone balls diameter were calculated. Cell cycles were determined by flow cytometry. MTT cytotoxicity assay and flow cytometry method were used to test sensitivity of cisplatin to endometrial cancer stem cell. Results: The results of Western blotting showed that Ubc9 gene was silenced well, and the covalent binding state of SUMO-1 and HIF-1α protein levels were significantly decreased (P<0.05). Ubc9 gene silencing in endometrial cancer cells reduced clone formation rate by (31.61±5.29)% down to (11.42±3.07)%, while the cell cycle shift from G1 to G2. IC50 of cisplatin decreased from 44.37 mg/L to 7.39 mg/L, and the rate of cell apoptosis by (41.59±5.37)% down to (26.22±4.03)%. Conclusion: The stemness maintenance ability of endometrial cancer stem cell can be reduced through deSUMOylation of HIF-1α protein by silencing Ubc9 gene expression, and their sensitivity to chemotherapy be enhanced, which provides a new reference for future gene therapy of endometrial carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Yuan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin 300450, China
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Li XZ, Zhao SC, Cai XL, Wang YF, Chen J, Ma XF, Zhang H. Differences in expression of YKL-40 and TLR4 in nasal sinus mucosa of chronic sinusitis patients with and without nasal polyps. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2018; 32:537-543. [PMID: 29921378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This work studies the expression differences of YKL-40 and TLR4 in nasal sinus mucosa of chronic sinusitis patients with and without nasal polyps and its clinical significances. Fifty chronic sinusitis patients with nasal polyps and 50 chronic sinusitis patients without, accepted by our hospital during February 2016-February 2017, were included and taken as group A and group B, respectively. In addition, another 50 patients with nasal deviation were taken as group C (control group). The ostiomeatal complex mucosa of group A and B and the inferior turbinate mucosa of group C were taken and the fluorescence quantitative PCR method was applied to detect the expression of YKL-40, TLR4 and NF- κB of the mucosa and explore and influence of YKL-40 and TLR4 on NF-κB. There was a negative correlation between YKL-40 and TLR4 in group A, and the difference was statistically significant (P less than 0.05) while there was no relationship between YKL-40 and TLR4 expression in group B. The level of YKL-40 protein in group A was higher than that in group B, which was statistically significant (P less than 0.05). YKL-40 and TLR4 were positively correlated in group A while there was no correlation between YKL- 40 and TLR4 expression in group B. The expression of YKL-40, TLR4 and NF-κB in chronic sinusitis patients with nasal polyps was high. In addition, there was a negative correlation between YKL-40 and TLR4 expression in chronic sinusitis patients with nasal polyps. YKL-40 and TLR4 interacted with each other to activate NF-κB and promote disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Z Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology, Chinese Ministry of Health, Shandong, China
| | - S C Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - X L Cai
- Department of Otolaryngology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology, Chinese Ministry of Health, Shandong, China
| | - Y F Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - J Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - X F Ma
- Department of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - H Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, China
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Sheng F, Shen YM, Wan QH, Li YX, Ma XF, Jiang ZM, Zhang DY, Liu XZ, Wu WH. [DeSUMOylation of protein kinase B1 inhibits cell proliferation and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2017; 39:814-820. [PMID: 29151287 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3766.2017.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effect of AKT1 deSUMOylation induced by Ubc9 silencing on the proliferation and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. Methods: The Ubc9 gene was silenced using RNA interference, and the expression levels of Ubc9, SUMO1 and AKT1 protein were detected by Western blot. Cell proliferation and cell cycle was analyzed by MTT and flow cytometry. Wound healing and transwell assays were used to detect the cell migration ability. Furthermore, the xenograft model was established, and tumor growth curves were drawn. The in situ apoptotic rates was measured using TUNEL Apoptosis Assay. The expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 were evaluated by immunohistochemical staining. Results: Knockdown of Ubc9 gene significantly decreased the protein expression levels of Ubc9, conjugated SUMO1, free SUMO1 and AKT1 in HCC cells (P<0.05 for all). In control, siR-neg and siR-Ubc9 groups, the cell proliferation indexes were 53.19%, 54.25% and 39.17%, respectively. Moreover, cell migration distance and migrating cells per low power field for all these three groups were (59.47±4.66) μm and 89.44±8.36, (56.56±5.37) μm and 93.84±8.79, as well as (34.57±6.61) μm and 41.67±5.39, respectively. In the xenograft model, the weights of subcutaneous tumors for these three groups were (3.78±0.69) g, (3.72±0.72) g and (2.09±0.61) g, respectively. The corresponding apoptotic cell rates were (7.79±2.21)%, (6.45±2.48)% and (33.59±5.44)%, respectively. The expression levels of PCNA, MMP-2 and MMP-9 protein were significantly decreased in siR-Ubc9 group (P<0.05). Conclusions: Ubc9 silencing in HCC cells induces AKT1 deSUMOylation, and then inhibits the proliferation and metastasis. These results provide a new therapeutic strategy for liver cancer in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Sheng
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Fifth Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin 300450, China
| | - Y M Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University Frist Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Q H Wan
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University Frist Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Y X Li
- Department of Central Laboratory, the Fifth Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin 300450, China
| | - X F Ma
- Department of Central Laboratory, the Fifth Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin 300450, China
| | - Z M Jiang
- Department of Pathology, the Fifth Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin 300450, China
| | - D Y Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - X Z Liu
- Department of Central Laboratory, the Fifth Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin 300450, China
| | - W H Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University Frist Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
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Zhao P, Wang L, Zhao X, Chen G, Ma XF. A comparative transcriptomic analysis reveals the core genetic components of salt and osmotic stress responses in Braya humilis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183778. [PMID: 28859098 PMCID: PMC5578489 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Braya humilis is a member of the Euclidieae tribe within the family Brassicaceae. This species exhibits a broad range of adaptations to different climatic zones and latitudes as it has a distribution that ranges from northern Asia to the arctic-alpine regions of northern North America. In China, B. humilis is mainly found on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) and in adjacent arid regions. In this study, we sequenced a sample from an arid region adjacent to the QTP using the Illumina platform generating a total of 46,485 highly accurate unigenes, of which 78.41% were annotated by BLASTing versus public protein databases. The B. humilis transcriptome is characterized by a high level of sequence conservation compared with its close relative, Arabidopsis thaliana. We also used reciprocal blast to identify shared orthologous genes between B. humilis and four other sequenced Brassicaceae species (i.e. A. thaliana, A. lyrata, Capsella rubella, and Thellungiella parvula). To enable precise characterization of orthologous genes, the early-diverging basal angiosperm Amborella trichopoda was also included. A total of 6,689 orthologous genes were identified before stricter criteria for the determination of e-values, amino acid hit lengths, and identity values was applied to further reduce this list. This led to a final list of 381 core orthologous genes for B. humilis; 39 out of these genes are involved in salt and osmotic stress responses and estimations of nonsynonymous/synonymous substitution ratios for this species and A. thaliana orthologs show that these genes are under purifying selection in B. humilis. Expression of six genes was detected in B. humilis seedlings under salt and osmotic stress treatments. Comparable expression patterns to their counterparts in Arabidopsis suggest that these orthologous genes are both sequence and functional conservation. The results of this study demonstrate that the environmental adaptations of B. humilis are mainly the results of preexisting genetic components. Future work will be required to characterize the expression patterns of these orthologous genes in natural populations and will provide further insights into the adaptive mechanisms underlying the wide range of B. humilis adaptations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengshan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, P. R. China
- Shapotou Desert Research and Experimental Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, P. R. China
| | - Lirong Wang
- College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, P. R. China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, P. R. China
- Shapotou Desert Research and Experimental Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, P. R. China
| | - Guoxiong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, P. R. China
- Shapotou Desert Research and Experimental Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Fei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, P. R. China
- Shapotou Desert Research and Experimental Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, P. R. China
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Lei DJ, Zhao G, Xie P, Li Y, Yuan H, Zou M, Niu JG, Ma XF. Analysis of genetic diversity of Leuciscus leuciscus baicalensis using novel microsatellite markers with cross-species transferability. Genet Mol Res 2017; 16:gmr-16-02-gmr.16029376. [PMID: 28481399 DOI: 10.4238/gmr16029376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
We used next-generation sequencing technology to characterize 19 genomic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and 11 expressed sequence tag (EST) SSR markers from Leuciscus leuciscus baicalensis, a small freshwater fish that is widely distributed in Xinjiang, China. Primers were used to test for polymorphisms in three L. leuciscus baicalensis populations in Xinjiang. There were 4-27 (average 11.3) alleles (NA), the expected heterozygosity (HE) was 0.36-0.94 (average 0.75 ± 0.14), the observed heterozygosity (HO) was 0.37-1.00 (average 0.68 ± 0.18), and the polymorphism information content (PIC) was 0.31-0.93 (average 0.71). The averages of HE and PIC for the EST-SSR markers were slightly lower than for the genomic SSR markers. Genetic analysis of the three populations showed similar results for PIC, HE, and NA. Amplifications were performed in nine other species; the top three transferability values were for Rutilus lacustris (80%), Leuciscus idus (76.7%), and Phoxinus ujmonensis (63.3%), with the following average values: PIC (0.56, 4.46, and 0.52); NA (0.40, 3.00, and 0.32); and HO (0.44, 2.74, and 0.22), respectively. L. leuciscus baicalensis is one of the most important commercial fish in Xinjiang, but in recent years, fishery resources have decreased sharply owing to water conservation projects, unreasonable utilization, and invasion by alien species. These novel SSR markers are appropriate for studies involving fingerprinting, gene flow, genetic diversity, population structure, and molecular-assisted breeding, and could contribute to the conservation of L. leuciscus baicalensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Lei
- College of Fisheries, , , China
| | - G Zhao
- College of Fisheries, , , China
| | - P Xie
- College of Fisheries, , , China
| | - Y Li
- College of Fisheries, , , China
| | - H Yuan
- College of Fisheries, , , China
| | - M Zou
- College of Fisheries, , , China
| | | | - X F Ma
- College of Fisheries, , , China
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Zhao P, Zhang J, Qian C, Zhou Q, Zhao X, Chen G, Ma XF. SNP Discovery and Genetic Variation of Candidate Genes Relevant to Heat Tolerance and Agronomic Traits in Natural Populations of Sand Rice ( Agriophyllum squarrosum). Front Plant Sci 2017; 8:536. [PMID: 28439286 PMCID: PMC5383723 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The extreme stress tolerance and high nutritional value of sand rice (Agriophyllum squarrosum) make it attractive for use as an alternative crop in response to concerns about ongoing climate change and future food security. However, a lack of genetic information hinders understanding of the mechanisms underpinning the morphological and physiological adaptations of sand rice. In the present study, we sequenced and analyzed the transcriptomes of two individuals representing semi-arid [Naiman (NM)] and arid [Shapotou (SPT)] sand rice genotypes. A total of 105,868 pairwise single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) distributed in 24,712 Unigenes were identified among SPT and NM samples; the average SNP frequency was 0.3% (one SNP per 333 base pair). Characterization of gene annotation demonstrated that variations in genes involved in DNA recombination were associated with the survival of the NM population in the semi-arid environment. A set of genes predicted to be relevant to heat stress response and agronomic traits was functionally annotated using the accumulated knowledge from Arabidopsis and several crop plants, including rice, barley, maize, and sorghum. Four candidate genes related to heat tolerance (heat-shock transcription factor, HsfA1d), seed size (DA1-Related, DAR1), and flowering (early flowering 3, ELF3 and late elongated hypocotyl, LHY) were subjected to analysis of the genetic diversity in 10 natural populations, representing the core germplasm resource across the area of sand rice distribution in China. Only one SNP was detected in each of HsfA1d and DAR1, among 60 genotypes, with two in ELF3 and four in LHY. Nucleotide diversity ranged from 0.00032 to 0.00118. Haplotype analysis indicated that the NM population carried a specific allele for all four genes, suggesting that divergence has occurred between NM and other populations. These four genes could be further analyzed to determine whether they are associated with phenotype variation and identify alleles favorable for sand rice breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengshan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou, China
- Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou, China
| | - Jiwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou, China
| | - Chaoju Qian
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou, China
| | - Qin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou, China
- Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou, China
| | - Guoxiong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou, China
- Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou, China
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Qian C, Yin H, Shi Y, Zhao J, Yin C, Luo W, Dong Z, Chen G, Yan X, Wang XR, Ma XF. Population dynamics of Agriophyllum squarrosum, a pioneer annual plant endemic to mobile sand dunes, in response to global climate change. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26613. [PMID: 27210568 PMCID: PMC4876407 DOI: 10.1038/srep26613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Climate change plays an important role in the transition of ecosystems. Stratigraphic investigations have suggested that the Asian interior experienced frequent transitions between grassland and desert ecosystems as a consequence of global climate change. Using maternally and bi-parentally inherited markers, we investigated the population dynamics of Agriophyllum squarrosum (Chenopodiaceae), an annual pioneer plant endemic to mobile sand dunes. Phylogeographic analysis revealed that A. squarrosum could originate from Gurbantunggut desert since ~1.6 Ma, and subsequently underwent three waves of colonisation into other deserts and sandy lands corresponding to several glaciations. The rapid population expansion and distribution range shifts of A. squarrosum from monsoonal climate zones suggested that the development of the monsoonal climate significantly enhanced the population growth and gene flow of A. squarrosum. These data also suggested that desertification of the fragile grassland ecosystems in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau was more ancient than previously suggested and will be aggravated under global warming in the future. This study provides new molecular phylogeographic insights into how pioneer annual plant species in desert ecosystems respond to global climate change, and facilitates evaluation of the ecological potential and genetic resources of future crops for non-arable dry lands to mitigate climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoju Qian
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hengxia Yin
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yong Shi
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiecai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chengliang Yin
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wanyin Luo
- Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Zhibao Dong
- Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Guoxiong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Xia Yan
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
- Key Laboratory of Eco-hydrology and of Inland River Basin, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Xiao-Ru Wang
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, Umeå 90187, Sweden
| | - Xiao-Fei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
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Zhao P, Zhang J, Zhao X, Chen G, Ma XF. Different Sets of Post-Embryonic Development Genes Are Conserved or Lost in Two Caryophyllales Species (Reaumuria soongorica and Agriophyllum squarrosum). PLoS One 2016; 11:e0148034. [PMID: 26815143 PMCID: PMC4729483 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Reaumuria soongorica and sand rice (Agriophyllum squarrosum) belong to the clade of Caryophyllales and are widely distributed in the desert regions of north China. Both plants have evolved many specific traits and adaptation strategies to cope with recurring environmental threats. However, the genetic basis that underpins their unique traits and adaptation remains unknown. In this study, the transcriptome data of R. soongorica and sand rice were compared with three other species with previously sequenced genomes (Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa, and Beta vulgaris). Four different gene sets were identified, namely, the genes conserved in both species, those lost in both species, those conserved in R. soongorica only, and those conserved in sand rice only. Gene ontology showed that post-embryonic development genes (PEDGs) were enriched in all gene sets, and different sets of PEDGs were conserved or lost in both the R. soongorica and sand rice genomes. Expression profiles of Arabidopsis orthologs further provided some clues to the function of the species-specific conserved PEDGs. Such orthologs included LEAFY PETIOLE, which could be a candidate gene involved in the development of branch priority in sand rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengshan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, P.R. China
- Shapotou Desert Research & Experiment Station, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jiwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, P.R. China
- Shapotou Desert Research & Experiment Station, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, P.R. China
- Shapotou Desert Research & Experiment Station, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Guoxiong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, P.R. China
- Shapotou Desert Research & Experiment Station, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Fei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, P.R. China
- Shapotou Desert Research & Experiment Station, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, P.R. China
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Zhao P, Zhang J, Zhao X, Chen G, Ma XF. Different Sets of Post-Embryonic Development Genes Are Conserved or Lost in Two Caryophyllales Species (Reaumuria soongorica and Agriophyllum squarrosum). PLoS One 2016. [PMID: 26815143 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148034.g001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Reaumuria soongorica and sand rice (Agriophyllum squarrosum) belong to the clade of Caryophyllales and are widely distributed in the desert regions of north China. Both plants have evolved many specific traits and adaptation strategies to cope with recurring environmental threats. However, the genetic basis that underpins their unique traits and adaptation remains unknown. In this study, the transcriptome data of R. soongorica and sand rice were compared with three other species with previously sequenced genomes (Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa, and Beta vulgaris). Four different gene sets were identified, namely, the genes conserved in both species, those lost in both species, those conserved in R. soongorica only, and those conserved in sand rice only. Gene ontology showed that post-embryonic development genes (PEDGs) were enriched in all gene sets, and different sets of PEDGs were conserved or lost in both the R. soongorica and sand rice genomes. Expression profiles of Arabidopsis orthologs further provided some clues to the function of the species-specific conserved PEDGs. Such orthologs included LEAFY PETIOLE, which could be a candidate gene involved in the development of branch priority in sand rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengshan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, P.R. China
- Shapotou Desert Research & Experiment Station, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jiwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, P.R. China
- Shapotou Desert Research & Experiment Station, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, P.R. China
- Shapotou Desert Research & Experiment Station, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Guoxiong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, P.R. China
- Shapotou Desert Research & Experiment Station, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Fei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, P.R. China
- Shapotou Desert Research & Experiment Station, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, P.R. China
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Yan X, Zhou M, Dong X, Zou S, Xiao H, Ma XF. Molecular mechanisms of foliar water uptake in a desert tree. AoB Plants 2015; 7:plv129. [PMID: 26567212 PMCID: PMC4685171 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plv129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Water deficits severely affect growth, particularly for the plants in arid and semiarid regions of the world. In addition to precipitation, other subsidiary water, such as dew, fog, clouds and small rain showers, may also be absorbed by leaves in a process known as foliar water uptake. With the severe scarcity of water in desert regions, this process is increasingly becoming a necessity. Studies have reported on physical and physiological processes of foliar water uptake. However, the molecular mechanisms remain less understood. As major channels for water regulation and transport, aquaporins (AQPs) are involved in this process. However, due to the regulatory complexity and functional diversity of AQPs, their molecular mechanism for foliar water uptake remains unclear. In this study, Tamarix ramosissima, a tree species widely distributed in desert regions, was investigated for gene expression patterns of AQPs and for sap flow velocity. Our results suggest that the foliar water uptake of T. ramosissima occurs in natural fields at night when the humidity is over a threshold of 85 %. The diurnal gene expression pattern of AQPs suggests that most AQP gene expressions display a circadian rhythm, and this could affect both photosynthesis and transpiration. At night, the PIP2-1 gene is also upregulated with increased relative air humidity. This gene expression pattern may allow desert plants to regulate foliar water uptake to adapt to extreme drought. This study suggests a molecular basis of foliar water uptake in desert plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Yan
- Key Laboratory of Inland River Ecohydrology, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, PR China Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions of Gansu Province, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Maoxian Zhou
- School of Agriculture and Forestry Economics and Management, Lanzhou University of Finance and Economics, Lanzhou 730020, PR China
| | - Xicun Dong
- Department of Radiobiology, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Songbing Zou
- Key Laboratory of Inland River Ecohydrology, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Honglang Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Inland River Ecohydrology, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Xiao-Fei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions of Gansu Province, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
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Zhang JK, Ma XF, Wang XW, Cai JQ, Wu XL, Niu YP, Zhou N, Hua RM. X-ray structure and conformational study of tris(2-(dimethylamino)phenyl)methanol salt derivatives: Roles of anions and hydrogen bond. J Mol Struct 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2015.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Ma XF, Xu FL, Gao LF, Wang YX, Pan ZB. Effect of age on the immune system and pathology of mice with chronic graft-versus-host disease lupus nephritis. Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:10999-1005. [PMID: 26400329 DOI: 10.4238/2015.september.21.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effect of age on the expression of immune molecules [ANA, C4, double stranded DNA (dsDNA), CD16/32, CD19, CD3, and CD64], urine protein, and pathology in mice with chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) lupus nephritis (LN), and their relationship with reactivity index score. Mouse models of cGVHD LN were established, and mice were randomly divided into four aged-based groups of nine mice each. Serum levels of ANA, C4, and dsDNA were determined, the urine protein levels were assessed, and expression levels of CD16/32, CD19, CD3, and CD64 were measured. Expression levels of CD16/32+CD19(T1), CD16/CD32+CD3(T2), and CD64+CD3 or CD19(T3) were defined in the thymus, in bone marrow they were defined as CD16/32+CD19(B1), CD16/32+CD3(B2), CD64+CD3 or CD19(B3), and in spleen they were defined as CD16/32+CD19(P1), CD16/32+CD3(P2), CD64+CD3 or CD19(P3), respectively. There were significant differences in the levels of dsDNA and urine protein among the four groups (P < 0.05), which were negatively correlated with age. B1, B2, S1, and S2 were significantly different among the four groups (P < 0.05), with a positive correlation with age for B1 and B2. There was no correlation of expression of ANA, C4, dsDNA, T1-T3, B1-B3, S2-S3 with reactivity index score; S1 was the exception (r = -0.440, P = 0.011). Age influenced levels of dsDNA and urine protein in the mouse cGVHD model of LN. S1 was associated with reactivity index score and might also affect pathological changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- X F Ma
- The Immunology and Rheumatology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - F L Xu
- The Immunology and Rheumatology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - L F Gao
- The Immunology and Rheumatology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - Y X Wang
- The Immunology and Rheumatology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - Z B Pan
- The Immunology and Rheumatology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
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Niu YP, Zhang JK, Wang XW, Ma XF, Cai JQ, Zhou N, Zheng ZW, Hua RM. X-ray structure and conformational study of tris(2-(dimethylamino)phenyl)methanol: Roles of hydrogen bond in conformational conversions of molecules. J Mol Struct 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2015.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Zhao P, Capella-Gutiérrez S, Shi Y, Zhao X, Chen G, Gabaldón T, Ma XF. Transcriptomic analysis of a psammophyte food crop, sand rice (Agriophyllum squarrosum) and identification of candidate genes essential for sand dune adaptation. BMC Genomics 2014; 15:872. [PMID: 25287394 PMCID: PMC4459065 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sand rice (Agriophyllum squarrosum) is an annual desert plant adapted to
mobile sand dunes in arid and semi-arid regions of Central Asia. The sand rice
seeds have excellent nutrition value and have been historically consumed by local
populations in the desert regions of northwest China. Sand rice is a potential
food crop resilient to ongoing climate change; however, partly due to the scarcity
of genetic information, this species has undergone only little agronomic
modifications through classical breeding during recent years. Results We generated a deep transcriptomic sequencing of sand rice, which uncovers 67,741
unigenes. Phylogenetic analysis based on 221 single-copy genes showed close
relationship between sand rice and the recently domesticated crop sugar beet.
Transcriptomic comparisons also showed a high level of global sequence
conservation between these two species. Conservation of sand rice and sugar beet
orthologs assigned to response to salt stress gene ontology term suggests that
sand rice is also a potential salt tolerant plant. Furthermore, sand rice is far
more tolerant to high temperature. A set of genes likely relevant for resistance
to heat stress, was functionally annotated according to expression levels,
sequence annotation, and comparisons corresponding transcriptome profiling results
in Arabidopsis. Conclusions The present work provides abundant genomic information for functional dissection
of the important traits in sand rice. Future screening the genetic variation among
different ecotypes and constructing a draft genome sequence will further
facilitate agronomic trait improvement and final domestication of sand rice. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2164-15-872) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengshan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China. .,Shapotou Desert Research and Experimental Station, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Salvador Capella-Gutiérrez
- Bioinformatics and Genomics Programme, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Dr. Aiguader, 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain. .,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003, Barcelona, Spain. .,Yeast and Basidiomycete Research Group, CBS Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584, LT, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Yong Shi
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China. .,Shapotou Desert Research and Experimental Station, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China. .,Shapotou Desert Research and Experimental Station, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guoxiong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China. .,Shapotou Desert Research and Experimental Station, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Toni Gabaldón
- Bioinformatics and Genomics Programme, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Dr. Aiguader, 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain. .,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003, Barcelona, Spain. .,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Xiao-Fei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China. .,Shapotou Desert Research and Experimental Station, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.
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Lind M, Källman T, Chen J, Ma XF, Bousquet J, Morgante M, Zaina G, Karlsson B, Elfstrand M, Lascoux M, Stenlid J. A Picea abies linkage map based on SNP markers identifies QTLs for four aspects of resistance to Heterobasidion parviporum infection. PLoS One 2014; 9:e101049. [PMID: 25036209 PMCID: PMC4103950 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0101049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A consensus linkage map of Picea abies, an economically important conifer, was constructed based on the segregation of 686 SNP markers in a F1 progeny population consisting of 247 individuals. The total length of 1889.2 cM covered 96.5% of the estimated genome length and comprised 12 large linkage groups, corresponding to the number of haploid P. abies chromosomes. The sizes of the groups (from 5.9 to 9.9% of the total map length) correlated well with previous estimates of chromosome sizes (from 5.8 to 10.8% of total genome size). Any locus in the genome has a 97% probability to be within 10 cM from a mapped marker, which makes the map suited for QTL mapping. Infecting the progeny trees with the root rot pathogen Heterobasidion parviporum allowed for mapping of four different resistance traits: lesion length at the inoculation site, fungal spread within the sapwood, exclusion of the pathogen from the host after initial infection, and ability to prevent the infection from establishing at all. These four traits were associated with two, four, four and three QTL regions respectively of which none overlapped between the traits. Each QTL explained between 4.6 and 10.1% of the respective traits phenotypic variation. Although the QTL regions contain many more genes than the ones represented by the SNP markers, at least four markers within the confidence intervals originated from genes with known function in conifer defence; a leucoanthocyanidine reductase, which has previously been shown to upregulate during H. parviporum infection, and three intermediates of the lignification process; a hydroxycinnamoyl CoA shikimate/quinate hydroxycinnamoyltransferase, a 4-coumarate CoA ligase, and a R2R3-MYB transcription factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mårten Lind
- Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Thomas Källman
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Xiao-Fei Ma
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jean Bousquet
- Institute for Systems and Integrative Biology, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Michele Morgante
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali, Universita di Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Giusi Zaina
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali, Universita di Udine, Udine, Italy
| | | | - Malin Elfstrand
- Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Martin Lascoux
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jan Stenlid
- Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
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Niu YP, Wang XW, Zheng ZW, Ma XF, Cai JQ, Zhang JK, Cheng JL. Vinyl polymerization of norbornene catalyzed by 2-Py-amidine Ni(II) complex/methylaluminoxane systems. Appl Organomet Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.3183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Ping Niu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutics; Henan University of Science and Technology; Luoyang 471023 China
| | - Xiao-Wei Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutics; Henan University of Science and Technology; Luoyang 471023 China
| | - Zhi-Wu Zheng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutics; Henan University of Science and Technology; Luoyang 471023 China
| | - Xiao-Fei Ma
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutics; Henan University of Science and Technology; Luoyang 471023 China
| | - Jun-Qing Cai
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutics; Henan University of Science and Technology; Luoyang 471023 China
| | - Jun-Kai Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutics; Henan University of Science and Technology; Luoyang 471023 China
| | - Jin-Lian Cheng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutics; Henan University of Science and Technology; Luoyang 471023 China
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Feng Q, Yu MZ, Wang JC, Hou WJ, Gao LY, Ma XF, Pei XW, Niu YJ, Liu XY, Qiu C, Pang WH, Du LL, Zhang Q. Synergistic inhibition of breast cancer by co-delivery of VEGF siRNA and paclitaxel via vapreotide-modified core-shell nanoparticles. Biomaterials 2014; 35:5028-38. [PMID: 24680191 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A somatostatin analog, vapreotide (VAP), can be used as a ligand for targeting drug delivery based on its high affinity to somatostatin receptors (SSTRs), which is overexpressed in many tumor cells. RNA interference plays an important role on downregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which is important for tumor growth, progression and metastasis. To improve tumor therapy efficacy, the vapreotide-modified core-shell type nanoparticles co-encapsulating VEGF targeted siRNA (siVEGF) and paclitaxel (PTX), termed as VAP-PLPC/siRNA NPs, were developed in this study. When targeted via somatostatin receptors to tumor cells, the VAP-PLPC/siRNA NPs could simultaneously delivery siVEGF and PTX into cells and achieve a synergistic inhibition of tumor growth. Interestingly, in vitro cell uptake and gene silencing experiments demonstrated that the targeted VAP-PLPC/siRNA NPs exhibited significant higher intracellular siRNA accumulation and VEGF downregulation in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells, compared to those of the non-targeted PEG-PLPC/siRNA NPs. More importantly, in vivo results further demonstrated that the targeted VAP-PLPC/siRNA NPs had significant stronger drug distribution in tumor tissues and tumor growth inhibition efficacy via receptor-mediated targeting delivery, accompany with an obvious inhibition of neovascularization induced by siVEGF silencing. These results suggested that the co-delivery of siRNA and paclitaxel via vapreotide-modified core-shell nanoparticles would be a promising approach for tumor targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of pharmaceutical sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Min-Zhi Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of pharmaceutical sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Jian-Cheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of pharmaceutical sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China.
| | - Wen-Jie Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of pharmaceutical sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Ling-Yan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of pharmaceutical sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Xiao-Fei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of pharmaceutical sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Xi-Wei Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of pharmaceutical sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Yu-Jie Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of pharmaceutical sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Xiao-Yan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of pharmaceutical sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Chong Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of pharmaceutical sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Wen-Hao Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of pharmaceutical sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Li-Li Du
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of pharmaceutical sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of pharmaceutical sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
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Gao LY, Liu XY, Chen CJ, Wang JC, Feng Q, Yu MZ, Ma XF, Pei XW, Niu YJ, Qiu C, Pang WH, Zhang Q. Core-Shell type lipid/rPAA-Chol polymer hybrid nanoparticles for in vivo siRNA delivery. Biomaterials 2014; 35:2066-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.11.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Shi Y, Yan X, Zhao P, Yin H, Zhao X, Xiao H, Li X, Chen G, Ma XF. Transcriptomic analysis of a tertiary relict plant, extreme xerophyte Reaumuria soongorica to identify genes related to drought adaptation. PLoS One 2013; 8:e63993. [PMID: 23717523 PMCID: PMC3662755 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2012] [Accepted: 04/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reaumuria soongorica is an extreme xerophyte shrub widely distributed in the desert regions including sand dune, Gobi and marginal loess of central Asia which plays a crucial role to sustain and restore fragile desert ecosystems. However, due to the lacking of the genomic sequences, studies on R. soongorica had mainly limited in physiological responses to drought stress. Here, a deep transcriptomic sequencing of R. soongorica will facilitate molecular functional studies and pave the path to understand drought adaptation for a desert plant. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS A total of 53,193,660 clean paired-end reads was generated from the Illumina HiSeq™ 2000 platform. By assembly with Trinity, we got 173,700 contigs and 77,647 unigenes with mean length of 677 bp and N50 of 1109 bp. Over 55% (43,054) unigenes were successfully annotated based on sequence similarity against public databases as well as Rfam and Pfam database. Local BLAST and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) maps were used to further exhausting seek for candidate genes related to drought adaptation and a set of 123 putative candidate genes were identified. Moreover, all the C4 photosynthesis genes existed and were active in R. soongorica, which has been regarded as a typical C3 plant. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE The assembled unigenes in present work provide abundant genomic information for the functional assignments in an extreme xerophyte R. soongorica, and will help us exploit the genetic basis of how desert plants adapt to drought environment in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Shi
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xia Yan
- Key Laboratory of Eco-hydrology and of Inland River Basin, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pengshan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hengxia Yin
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Honglang Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Eco-hydrology and of Inland River Basin, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinrong Li
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guoxiong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Fei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Department of Ecology and Agriculture Research, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Chen CJ, Wang JC, Zhao EY, Gao LY, Feng Q, Liu XY, Zhao ZX, Ma XF, Hou WJ, Zhang LR, Lu WL, Zhang Q. Self-assembly cationic nanoparticles based on cholesterol-grafted bioreducible poly(amidoamine) for siRNA delivery. Biomaterials 2013; 34:5303-16. [PMID: 23570718 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.03.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a series of bioreducible poly(amidoamine)s grafting different percentages of cholesterol (rPAA-Ch14: 14%, rPAA-Ch29: 29%, rPAA-Ch57: 57% and rPAA-Ch87: 87%) was synthesized and used for siRNA delivery. These amphiphilic polymers were able to self-assemble into cationic nanoparticles in aqueous solution at low concentrations. The nanoparticle formation was evidenced via cryo-transmission electron microscope (Cryo-TEM) and dynamic light scattering analysis. The average hydrodynamic size of rPAA-Ch blank nanoparticles was about 80-160 nm with zeta potential of 50-60 mV. Also, the effects of different percentages of cholesterol grafted onto rPAA on physicochemical characteristics, in vitro cytotoxicity, cellular uptake, VEGF gene silencing efficacy and translocation mechanism of rPAA-Ch/siRNA complexes were investigated. The results showed that rPAA-Ch57 polymer was not only able to form stable nanocomplexes and possess high cell uptake, but also to exhibit the best in vitro VEGF gene silencing efficacy and the best in vivo tumor growth inhibition effect when it was formulated with VEGF-siRNA. Moreover, the observations of confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) and the study of cholesterol competitive inhibition demonstrated that endosomal/lysosomal escape and cytoplasmic dissociation of rPAA-Ch57/siRNA complexes were dependent on the "proton sponge effect" and disulfide cleavage, following internalization with cholesterol-related endocytosis pathway and subsequent transportion into endosomes/lysosomes. These findings indicated that the rPAA-Ch57 polymer should be a promising and potent carrier for siRNA delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Jun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
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Di CX, Yang LN, Zhang H, An LZ, Zhang X, Ma XF, Sun C, Wang XH, Yang R, Wu ZH, Si J. Effects of carbon-ion beam or X-ray irradiation on anti-apoptosis ΔNp73 expression in HeLa cells. Gene 2012; 515:208-13. [PMID: 23228853 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Revised: 10/30/2012] [Accepted: 11/01/2012] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
ΔNp73 has emerged as an interesting novel factor in cancer research. Here, we report the effect of carbon-ion beams on ΔNp73 expression in human cervix carcinoma HeLa cells in contrast to the effect of X-rays. Cellular sensitivities were determined by colony formation. Radiation-induced cell cycle arrest was investigated with flow cytometry. Additionally, radiation-induced apoptosis was analyzed with flow cytometry and Hoechst staining. Furthermore, ΔNp73 expression was examined by semi-quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (semi-quantitative RT-PCR) as well as by Western blot analysis. Following irradiation, stronger G2/M phase arrest, more significant increase in apoptosis and more pronounced ΔNp73 degradation were observed after exposure to high-LET carbon beams in comparison with X-rays at 4 Gy doses. These observations indicate that there is a differential ΔNp73 expression in response to different LET radiations, and down-regulated ΔNp73 expression might play a critical role in promoting cycle arrest and apoptosis in cancer cells. This study highlights the potential of ΔNp73 in radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui-Xia Di
- Department of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
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Abstract
Perennial plants monitor seasonal changes through changes in environmental conditions such as the quantity and quality of light and genes in the photoperiodic pathway are known to be involved in controlling these processes. Here, we examine 25 of genes from the photoperiod pathway in Populus tremula (Salicaceae) for signatures of adaptive evolution. Overall, levels of synonymous polymorphism in the 25 genes are lower than at control loci selected randomly from the genome. This appears primarily to be caused by lower levels of synonymous polymorphism in genes associated with the circadian clock. Natural selection appears to play an important role in shaping protein evolution at several of the genes in the photoperiod pathways, which is highlighted by the fact that approximately 40% of the genes from the photoperiod pathway have estimates of selection on nonsynonymous polymorphisms that are significantly different from zero. A surprising observation we make is that circadian clock-associated genes appear to be over-represented among the genes showing elevated rates of protein evolution; seven genes are evolving under positive selection and all but one of these genes are involved in the circadian clock of Populus.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Hall
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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Zhu M, Chai G, Zhang Y, Ma XF, Yu ZY, Zhu YJ. [Registration technology for mandibular angle osteotomy based on augmented reality]. Shanghai Kou Qiang Yi Xue 2010; 19:571-574. [PMID: 21431251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To establish an effective path to register the operative plan to the real model of mandible made by rapid prototyping (RP) technology. METHODS Computerize tomography (CT) was performed on 20 patients to create 3D images, and computer aided operation planning information can be merged with the 3D images. Then dental cast was used to fix the signal which can be recognized by the software. The dental cast was transformed to 3D data with a laser scanner and a programmer that run on a personal computer named Rapidform matching the dental cast and the mandible image to generate the virtual image. Then the registration was achieved by video monitoring system. RESULTS By using this technology, the virtual image of mandible and the cutting planes both can overlay the real model of mandible made by RP. CONCLUSIONS This study found an effective way for registration by using dental cast, and this way might be a powerful option for the registration of augmented reality. Supported by Program for Innovation Research Team of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine. Shanghai 200011, China.
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Zhu M, Chai G, Zhang Y, Ma XF, Yu ZY, Mu XZ, Qi ZL. [The morphological study on masseter muscle following mandibular angle osteotomy]. Zhonghua Zheng Xing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2010; 26:340-344. [PMID: 21174787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the morphological change of masseter after the mandibular angle osteotomy. METHODS Computerized tomography (CT) examination was performed on 120 patients treated by mandibular angle osteotomy before operation and at 3, 6, 12 months after operation, respectively. The pre- and postoperative masseter muscle thickness and cross-sectional area were evaluated using 3D CT images observed from 3 selected slice planes, which were paralleled with Frankfurt horizontal plane. These CT images were stored and three-dimensional reconstruction were made for calculation of masseter muscle volume through software. RESULTS After operation, the reduction of the masseter muscle volume and cross-sectional area was seen. The volume of the masseter at 3, 6, 12 months postoperatively decreased to 82.02%, 77.00% and 80.43% (P < 0.05). The cross-sectional area at 3, 6,12 months postoperatively decreased to 85.81%, 78.86% and 81.56% at A plane, 80.94%, 75.03% and 77.04% at B plane, and reached to 13.46%, 11.48% and 13.89% at C plane (P < 0.05, P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The masseter thickness after operation was significantly different from that before operation during the follow-up period, but not at 12 months after operation at A plane. CONCLUSIONS The masseter atrophy happens spontaneously after mandibular angle osteotomy, especially at the region of mandibular angle. It should be considered during surgical design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhu
- Department of Plastic and Constructive, Ninth Hospital affiliated to Medical School of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200011, China
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Xiao M, An L, Yang X, Ge X, Qiao H, Zhao T, Ma X, Fan J, Zhu M, Dou Z. Establishing a human pancreatic stem cell line and transplanting induced pancreatic islets to reverse experimental diabetes in rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 51:779-88. [DOI: 10.1007/s11427-008-0109-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2007] [Accepted: 07/10/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Rizza S, Catara A, Ma XF, Deng Z. Detection of Multiple Infections of Citrus exocortis viroid, Citrus viroid III, and Hop stunt viroid Variants in Hunan Province, China. Plant Dis 2007; 91:1205. [PMID: 30780682 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-91-9-1205a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Citrus cultivation in China has increased since the late 1970s, with China now having the largest area of citrus in culture in the world that is spread in 22 provinces and municipalities. Hunan Province has undergone a program to become one of the major citrus producers in China. Poncirus trifoliata is the main rootstock, so citrus viroids are a limiting factor for further citriculture development. In mainland China, only the presence of Citrus exocortis viroid (CEVd) has been reported from Etrog citron indexing, sPAGE (sequential polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) analysis (2), and reverse transcription (RT)-PCR (3). Three viroid-like RNAs, a1, b1, and d, based on sPAGE patterns were detected years ago in our laboratory in budsticks received from Sichuan Province. To identify different viroids and determine their distribution, a survey has been undertaken. Field trees showing stunting, bark scaling and cracking of the rootstock, and poor yield were tested using biological indexing and PCR for the most frequent citrus viroids. Samples from six trees of a local sweet orange variety and three of a Clementine variety introduced from abroad, both grafted on P. trifoliata and showing a variable degree of bark scaling and cracking, were collected near Changsha and in the County of Xin Ning at the end of summer 2006. Small pieces of bark were inserted in stems of young E. citron budwood grafted on rough lemon and maintained in a warm greenhouse (24 to 32°C). Indexing on E. citron showed mild epinasty and leaf roll typical of citrus viroid infections. To identify specific viroids, bark was ground to a fine powder with liquid nitrogen and total RNA was extracted with TRIZOL Reagent (Invitrogen, San Diego, CA) and tested by RT-PCR to detect CEVd, Hop Stunt viroid (HSVd), and Citrus viroid III (CVd-III), as well as to identify the cachexia variants of HSVd. Four primer pairs were used to test the RNA extracts by RT-PCR (1). All samples were infected by HSVd, eight with CVd-III, and six with CEVd. The cachexia variants of HSVd were detected in four of nine samples. Mixed infections were as follows: one sample had CEVd and HSVd, eight had HSVd and CVd-III, and five were infected by the three viroids. A second sampling 3 months after inoculation gave the same amplification patterns. The results show that at least three viroids are present in citrus orchards in Hunan Province. To our knowledge, this is the first report of cachexia variants of HSVd and CVd-III in China. The common occurrence of these viroids supports the need for proper indexing of mother trees and a specific shoot tip grafting program to create healthy budwood sources to provide healthy plants. References: (1) L. Bernard and N. Duran-Vila. Mol. Cell. Probes, 20:105, 2006. (2) L. Han et al. Viroids. CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne, 283, 2003. (3). Q. Hu et al. Acta Bot. Sin. 39:613, 1997.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Rizza
- Department of Phytosanitary Sciences and Technologies, University of Catania and Science and Technology Park of Sicily, Italy
| | - A Catara
- Department of Phytosanitary Sciences and Technologies, University of Catania and Science and Technology Park of Sicily, Italy
| | - X F Ma
- Horticulture and Landscape College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Z Deng
- Horticulture and Landscape College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Abstract
Interferons (IFNs), type I (alpha/beta) and type II (gamma), comprise a family of multifunctional cytokines with antiviral, antiproliferative and immunomodulating properties. Both type I and type II IFNs have been heavily implicated in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The biological effects of IFNs are mediated through the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway in which both IFN-alpha/beta and IFN-gamma activate the transcription factor STAT1. However, little is known about the pathogenic significance of STAT1 in SLE. At this point, we examined the expression and activation of STAT1 in the kidney of MRL/lpr mice with lupus nephritis (LN) by immunohistochemistry, Western botting and real time quantitative RT-PCR. Increased levels of total STAT1 protein and its activated/phosphorylated form were detected in kidney samples from MRL/lpr mice with LN as compared to those from control mice. Phosphorylated STAT1 was predominantly detected in glomeruli cells. Gene expression of the STAT induced feedback inhibitors suppressor of cytokine signalling-1 (SOCS-1) and SOCS-3 was also enhanced in MRL/lpr mice. In MRL/lpr mesangial cells, both IFN-alpha and IFN-gamma rapidly induced the phosphorylation of STAT in vitro. Our results demonstrate that expression and activation of STAT1 are significantly increased in murine lupus nephritis, and indicate that STAT1 signalling pathway may play an important role in the pathogenesis of kidney inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Dong
- Department of Rheumatology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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