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Villarreal-Lucio DS, Vargas-Berrones KX, Díaz de León-Martínez L, Flores-Ramíez R. Molecularly imprinted polymers for environmental adsorption applications. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:89923-89942. [PMID: 36370309 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24025-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Molecular imprinting polymers (MIPs) are synthetic materials with pores or cavities to specifically retain a molecule of interest or analyte. Their synthesis consists of the generation of three-dimensional polymers with specific shapes, arrangements, orientations, and bonds to selectively retain a particular molecule called target. After target removal from the binding sites, it leaves empty cavities to be re-occupied by the analyte or a highly related compound. MIPs have been used in areas that require high selectivity (e.g., chromatographic methods, sensors, and contaminant removal). However, the most widely used application is their use as a highly selective extraction material because of its low cost, easy preparation, reversible adsorption and desorption, and thermal, mechanical, and chemical stability. Emerging pollutants are traces of substances recently found in wastewater, river waters, and drinking water samples that represent a special concern for human and ecological health. The low concentration in which these pollutants is found in the environment, and the complexity of their chemical structures makes the current wastewater treatment not efficient for complete degradation. Moreover, these substances are not yet regulated or controlled for their discharge into the environment. According to the literature, MIPs, as a highly selective adsorbent material, are a promising approach for the quantification and monitoring of emerging pollutants in complex matrices. Therefore, the main objective of this work was to give an overview of the actual state-of-art of applications of MIPs in the recovery and concentration of emerging pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Samantha Villarreal-Lucio
- Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente Y Salud (CIAAS), Avenida Sierra Leona No. 550, CP 78210, Colonia Lomas Segunda Sección, San Luis Potosí, S.L.P, México
| | - Karla Ximena Vargas-Berrones
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Manuel Nava No. 6, C.P. 78260, San Luis Potosí, S.L.P, México
| | - Lorena Díaz de León-Martínez
- Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente Y Salud (CIAAS), Avenida Sierra Leona No. 550, CP 78210, Colonia Lomas Segunda Sección, San Luis Potosí, S.L.P, México
| | - Rogelio Flores-Ramíez
- Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente Y Salud (CIAAS), Avenida Sierra Leona No. 550, CP 78210, Colonia Lomas Segunda Sección, San Luis Potosí, S.L.P, México.
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Cai J, Niu B, Xie Q, Lu N, Huang S, Zhao G, Zhao J. Accurate Removal of Toxic Organic Pollutants from Complex Water Matrices. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:2917-2935. [PMID: 35148082 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c07824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Characteristic emerging pollutants at low concentration have raised much attention for causing a bottleneck in water remediation, especially in complex water matrices where high concentration of interferents coexist. In the future, tailored treatment methods are therefore of increasing significance for accurate removal of target pollutants in different water matrices. This critical review focuses on the overall strategies for accurately removing highly toxic emerging pollutants in the presence of typical interferents. The main difficulties hindering the improvement of selectivity in complex matrices are analyzed, implying that it is difficult to adopt a universal approach for multiple targets and water substrates. Selective methods based on assorted principles are proposed aiming to improve the anti-interference ability. Thus, typical approaches and fundamentals to achieve selectivity are subsequently summarized including their mechanism, superiority and inferior position, application scope, improvement method and the bottlenecks. The results show that different methods may be applicable to certain conditions and target pollutants. To better understand the mechanism of each selective method and further select the appropriate method, advanced methods for qualitative and quantitative characterization of selectivity are presented. The processes of adsorption, interaction, electron transfer, and bond breaking are discussed. Some comparable selective quantitative methods are helpful for promoting the development of related fields. The research framework of selectivity removal and its fundamentals are established. Presently, although continuous advances and remarkable achievements have been attained in the selective removal of characteristic organic pollutants, there are still various substantial challenges and opportunities. It is hopeful to inspire the researches on the new generation of water and wastewater treatment technology, which can selectively and preferentially treat characteristic pollutants, and establish a reliable research framework to lead the direction of environmental science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junzhuo Cai
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Tongji University, 200092, Shanghai, China
| | - Baoling Niu
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Tongji University, 200092, Shanghai, China
| | - Qihao Xie
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Tongji University, 200092, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Lu
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Tongji University, 200092, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuyu Huang
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Tongji University, 200092, Shanghai, China
| | - Guohua Zhao
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Tongji University, 200092, Shanghai, China
| | - Jincai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
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Adriano N, Ahearn C, Black C, Cracchiolo M, Ghere D, Nuñez A, Olivan L, Patel R, Saner S, Smith KR, Watkins B, Hare PM. Solvent- and Wavelength-Dependent Photolysis of Estrone. Photochem Photobiol 2021; 98:783-797. [PMID: 34664279 DOI: 10.1111/php.13542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The direct photolysis of estrone in solvents ranging from water to cyclohexane is reported. The photodegradation is dominated by lumiestrone, an epimer of estrone resulting from the inversion of the methyl group at carbon 13, regardless of solvent and photolysis wavelength in the range 254-320 nm. Solvent addition products are also observed in lesser amounts. The photodegradation rate in water is an order of magnitude slower than in nonaqueous solvents. Short wavelength excitation enhances photodegradation. Together, these results suggest complicated photophysics underlie the photochemistry with implications for the remediation of environmental estrogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Adriano
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights, KY, USA
| | - Ceilidh Ahearn
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights, KY, USA
| | - Cory Black
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights, KY, USA
| | - Michael Cracchiolo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights, KY, USA
| | - Daniel Ghere
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights, KY, USA
| | - Alexandra Nuñez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights, KY, USA
| | - Lars Olivan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights, KY, USA
| | - Raj Patel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights, KY, USA
| | - Stephanie Saner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights, KY, USA
| | - Krista R Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights, KY, USA
| | - Barbie Watkins
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights, KY, USA
| | - Patrick M Hare
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights, KY, USA
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Cai J, Zhu Y, Xie S, Niu B, Zhang YN, Li L, Li D, Zhao G. Accurate Removal of Trace 17β-Estradiol and Estrogenic Activity in Blended Systems under a Photoelectrocatalytic Circulating Flow. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:12585-12595. [PMID: 34291909 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c02630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Trace 17β-estradiol (E2) is persistent against advanced treatment when blended with higher concentrations of low-toxicity organics, thus wasting energy. A circulating-flow selective photoelectrocatalysis (CF-SPEC) system is established with a selective E2-TiO2-NR photoanode, accurately reducing 1 μg L-1 E2 to less than 0.1 ng L-1 along with eliminating estrogenic activity even when blended with natural organic matter (NOM) at a thousand times higher concentration. Such high efficiency is derived from the augmented selectivity and activity of E2-TiO2-NRs toward E2 during CF-SPEC. Under a flow, the difference in adsorption capacity between NOM and E2 is further amplified 5.6-fold. Furthermore, the higher initial •OH concentration and faster mass transfer jointly endow CF-SPEC with a stronger oxidation capacity. As a result, the removal of E2 increases by 58.7%, and the elimination of estrogenic activity increases 5.8-fold. In addition, deeper mineralization and less homo- and heterocoupling under CF-SPEC are observed, leading to more thorough estrogenic activity removal. Although additional energy is needed to maintain the flow, there is a 55% decrease in energy consumption due to the accurate removal capacity. This work suggests a combination of flow degradation and surface engineering that can be expanded for the selective removal of toxic trace pollutants in blended systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junzhuo Cai
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yingjie Zhu
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Shanshan Xie
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Baoling Niu
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Ya-Nan Zhang
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Lina Li
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Dan Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Guohua Zhao
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
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Luna Quinto M, Khan S, Picasso G, Taboada Sotomayor MDP. Synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of a selective molecularly imprinted polymer for quantification of the textile dye acid violet 19 in real water samples. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 384:121374. [PMID: 31672437 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) was developed for the determination of acid violet 19 (AV19) dye. The MIP was synthesized by polymerization using 1-vinyl imidazole (functional monomer) and 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionitrile) as the radical initiator. The functional monomer was previously selected by computational simulations. The MIP adsorption data could be fitted using the Langmuir model obtained a Qm value of 6.93 mg g-1 and 2.84 mg g-1 for the corresponding non-imprinted polymer (NIP) and the process followed pseudo-second-order kinetics (k2 0.2416 mg g-1 min-1 MIP). The BET specific surface areas were 229.6 m2 g-1 and 28.6 m² g-1, to MIP and NIP, respectively. Analyses showed that the material provided excellent selectivity towards acid violet 19 (AV19) when compared to other analytes including Acid Violet 17 (AV17), Tartrazine (TZ), Acid Red 14 (AR14), Patent blue-VF (PBV), Sunset yellow FCF (SY) and Acid Red 1 (AR1). The calculated Kd value for the MIP was 0.116 L g-1 and the imprinting factor was 2.89. This alternative and effective material for the enrichment, extraction, and determination of acid violet 19 presents in complex real samples was applied using two different rivers water and industrial effluent, with excellent recoveries values ranging between 85% up to 99%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Luna Quinto
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry Research, Faculty of Sciences, National University of Engineering, Av. Tupac Amaru 210, Rimac, Lima, Peru
| | - Sabir Khan
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, State University of São Paulo (UNESP), 14801-970 Araraquara, SP, Brazil; National Institute for Alternative Technologies of Detection, Toxicological Evaluation and Removal of Micropollutants and Radioactives (INCT-DATREM), Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Gino Picasso
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry Research, Faculty of Sciences, National University of Engineering, Av. Tupac Amaru 210, Rimac, Lima, Peru.
| | - Maria Del Pilar Taboada Sotomayor
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, State University of São Paulo (UNESP), 14801-970 Araraquara, SP, Brazil; National Institute for Alternative Technologies of Detection, Toxicological Evaluation and Removal of Micropollutants and Radioactives (INCT-DATREM), Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
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Murray A, Örmeci B. Competitive effects of humic acid and wastewater on adsorption of Methylene Blue dye by activated carbon and non-imprinted polymers. J Environ Sci (China) 2018; 66:310-317. [PMID: 29628100 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2017.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Natural organic matter (NOM), present in natural waters and wastewater, decreases adsorption of micropollutants, increasing treatment costs. This research investigated mechanisms of competition for non-imprinted polymers (NIPs) and activated carbon with humic acid and wastewater. Three different types of activated carbons (Norit PAC 200, Darco KB-M, and Darco S-51) were used for comparison with the NIP. The lower surface area and micropore to mesopore ratio of the NIP led to decreased adsorption capacity in comparison to the activated carbons. In addition, experiments were conducted for single-solute adsorption of Methylene Blue (MB) dye, simultaneous adsorption with humic acid and wastewater, and pre-loading with humic acid and wastewater followed by adsorption of MB dye using NIP and Norit PAC 200. Both the NIP and PAC 200 showed significant decreases of 27% for NIP (p=0.087) and 29% for PAC 200 (p=0.096) during simultaneous exposure to humic acid and MB dye. There was no corresponding decrease for NIP or PAC 200 pre-loaded with humic acid and then exposed to MB. In fact, for PAC 200, the adsorption capacity of the activated carbon increased when it was pre-loaded with humic acid by 39% (p=0.0005). For wastewater, the NIP showed no significant increase or decrease in adsorption capacity during either simultaneous exposure or pre-loading. The adsorption capacity of PAC 200 increased by 40% (p=0.001) for simultaneous exposure to wastewater and MB. Pre-loading with wastewater had no effect on MB adsorption by PAC 200.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Murray
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Banu Örmeci
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.
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Murray A, Örmeci B, Lai EPC. Removal of endocrine disrupting compounds from wastewater using polymer particles. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2016; 73:176-181. [PMID: 26744949 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2015.481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the use of particles of molecularly imprinted and non-imprinted polymers (MIP and NIP) as a wastewater treatment method for endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs). MIP and NIP remove EDCs through adsorption and therefore do not result in the formation of partially degraded products. The results show that both MIP and NIP particles are effective for removal of EDCs, and NIP have the advantage of not being as compound-specific as the MIP and hence can remove a diverse range of compounds including 17-β-estradiol (E2), atrazine, bisphenol A, and diethylstilbestrol. Removal of E2 from wastewater was also tested to determine the effectiveness of NIP in the presence of interfering substances and natural organic matter. Removal of E2 from wastewater samples was high and increased with increasing NIP. NIP represent an effective way of removing a wide variety of EDCs from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Murray
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1S 5B6 E-mail:
| | - Banu Örmeci
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1S 5B6 E-mail:
| | - Edward P C Lai
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1S 5B6
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Whitcombe MJ, Kirsch N, Nicholls IA. Molecular imprinting science and technology: a survey of the literature for the years 2004-2011. J Mol Recognit 2014; 27:297-401. [PMID: 24700625 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 275] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Revised: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 12/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we present a survey of the literature covering the development of molecular imprinting science and technology over the years 2004-2011. In total, 3779 references to the original papers, reviews, edited volumes and monographs from this period are included, along with recently identified uncited materials from prior to 2004, which were omitted in the first instalment of this series covering the years 1930-2003. In the presentation of the assembled references, a section presenting reviews and monographs covering the area is followed by sections describing fundamental aspects of molecular imprinting including the development of novel polymer formats. Thereafter, literature describing efforts to apply these polymeric materials to a range of application areas is presented. Current trends and areas of rapid development are discussed.
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Aris AZ, Shamsuddin AS, Praveena SM. Occurrence of 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2) in the environment and effect on exposed biota: a review. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2014; 69:104-19. [PMID: 24825791 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2014.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 307] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Revised: 04/06/2014] [Accepted: 04/13/2014] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2) is a synthetic hormone, which is a derivative of the natural hormone, estradiol (E2). EE2 is an orally bio-active estrogen, and is one of the most commonly used medications for humans as well as livestock and aquaculture activity. EE2 has become a widespread problem in the environment due to its high resistance to the process of degradation and its tendency to (i) absorb organic matter, (ii) accumulate in sediment and (iii) concentrate in biota. Numerous studies have reported the ability of EE2 to alter sex determination, delay sexual maturity, and decrease the secondary sexual characteristics of exposed organisms even at a low concentration (ng/L) by mimicking its natural analogue, 17β-estradiol (E2). Thus, the aim of this review is to provide an overview of the science regarding EE2, the concentration levels in the environment (water, sediment and biota) and summarize the effects of this compound on exposed biota at various concentrations, stage life, sex, and species. The challenges in respect of EE2 include the extension of the limited database on the EE2 pollution profile in the environment, its fate and transport mechanism, as well as the exposure level of EE2 for better prediction and definition revision of EE2 toxicity end points, notably for the purpose of environmental risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Zaharin Aris
- Environmental Forensics Research Centre, Faculty of Environmental Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Environmental Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Aida Soraya Shamsuddin
- Environmental Forensics Research Centre, Faculty of Environmental Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sarva Mangala Praveena
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Zhang YL, Zhang J, Dai CM, Zhou XF, Liu SG. Sorption of carbamazepine from water by magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers based on chitosan-Fe3O4. Carbohydr Polym 2013; 97:809-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.05.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Revised: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 05/25/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Grassi M, Rizzo L, Farina A. Endocrine disruptors compounds, pharmaceuticals and personal care products in urban wastewater: implications for agricultural reuse and their removal by adsorption process. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 20:3616-3628. [PMID: 23532534 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-1636-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2012] [Accepted: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In the last years, a lot of emerging contaminants, such as, endocrine disruptors compounds (EDCs), pharmaceuticals, and personal care products (PPCPs) have been detected in wastewater. Because of their toxicity and possible adverse effects on the environment and humans, their release from urban wastewater treatment plants (UWWTPs) effluents should be minimized, particularly when a wastewater reuse for crops irrigation is expected. Many processes have been investigated for advanced treatment of UWWTP effluents as well as for emerging contaminant degradation; among these, adsorption process was successfully used to remove EDCs and PPCPs from wastewater. This article shortly reviews EDCs and PPCPs removal from UWWTP effluents by adsorption process using conventional and non-conventional adsorbents. The fate of EDCs and PPCPs in UWWTPs and the implications for agricultural wastewater reuse has been addressed too. In spite of the adsorption process looking to be a valuable alternative to other advanced technologies for the removal of emerging contaminants from wastewater, some gaps still remain to evaluate the actual feasibility at full scale. However, according to a few studies available in scientific literature on the use of both powdered activated carbon and granular activated carbon at full scale, adsorption process by activated carbon is a promising, potentially effective, and economically feasible solution for producing safe wastewater for agricultural reuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Grassi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Florence, Via di Santa Marta, 3, 50139, Florence, Italy
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Zhang W, Li Y, Wang Q, Wang C, Wang P, Mao K. Performance evaluation and application of surface-molecular-imprinted polymer-modified TiO2 nanotubes for the removal of estrogenic chemicals from secondary effluents. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 20:1431-1440. [PMID: 22645011 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-012-0983-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2012] [Accepted: 05/10/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The removal of estrogenic chemicals during wastewater reclamation has been a great concern. Current advanced treatment processes are inefficient for the removal of estrogenic chemicals from secondary effluents of municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) due to the coexistence of other pollutants with less environmental significance which are also removed simultaneously. The search for highly selective and low-cost removal methods is warranted. Therefore, surface-molecular-imprinted polymer-modified TiO(2) nanotube (S-MIP-TiO(2) NT) photocatalysts were fabricated, characterized, and tested for the removal of estrogenic pollutants from wastewater in this study for the first time. Scanning electron microscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy studies showed that the TiO(2) NTs (with an average diameter of 60 nm) were successfully imprinted with functional groups (i.e., carboxyl). The adsorption selectivity and photocatalytic activity of the S-MIP-TiO(2) NTs towards template compound (17β-estradiol, E2) were improved, compared with neat TiO(2) NTs. Interestingly, S-MIP-TiO(2) NTs exhibited higher adsorption intensity and photocatalytic selectivity at low concentrations (from 10 ng/L to 100 μg/L, as normal estrogenic chemical concentrations in secondary effluents) of E2 than that at high concentrations (from 10 to 1,000 mg/L). It was also found that some representative estrogenic chemicals and estrogenic activity could be selectively and rapidly removed from secondary effluents of municipal wastewater treatment plants using S-MIP-TiO(2) NTs as photocatalysts. In addition, S-MIP-TiO(2) NT photocatalysts exhibited excellent regeneration characteristics. Photocatalytic treatment using S-MIP-TiO(2) NTs could be a promising approach for the effective removal of estrogenic chemicals from secondary effluents of municipal WWTPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Xikang Road #1, Nanjing, 210098, People's Republic of China
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Murray A, Ormeci B. Application of molecularly imprinted and non-imprinted polymers for removal of emerging contaminants in water and wastewater treatment: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2012; 19:3820-3830. [PMID: 22899441 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-012-1119-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decade, several studies have reported trace levels of endocrine disrupting compounds, pharmaceuticals, and personal care products in surface waters, drinking water, and wastewater effluents. There has also been an increased concern about the ecological and human health impact of these contaminants, and their removal from water and wastewater has become a priority. Traditional treatment processes are limited in their ability to remove emerging contaminants from water, and there is a need for new technologies that are effective and feasible. This paper presents a review on recent research results on molecularly imprinted (MIP) and non-imprinted (NIP) polymers and evaluates their potential as a treatment method for the removal of emerging contaminants from water and wastewater. It also discusses the relative benefits and limitations of using MIP or NIP for water and wastewater treatment. MIP, and in particular NIP, offer promising applications for wastewater treatment, but their toxicity and possible health effects should be carefully studied before they are considered for drinking water treatment. More research is also required to determine how best to incorporate MIP and NIP in treatment plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Murray
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel by Drive, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
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Lee SH, Doong RA. Adsorption and selective recognition of 17ß-estradiol by molecularly imprinted polymers. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-012-9939-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Silva CP, Otero M, Esteves V. Processes for the elimination of estrogenic steroid hormones from water: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2012; 165:38-58. [PMID: 22402263 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2012.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2011] [Revised: 01/30/2012] [Accepted: 02/02/2012] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Natural estrogens such as estrone (E1), 17β-estradiol (E2), estriol (E3), and the synthetic one, 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2), are excreted by humans and animals and enter into environment through discharge of domestic sewage effluents and disposal of animal waste. The occurrence of these substances in aquatic ecosystems may affect the endocrine system of humans and wildlife so it has emerged as a major concern for water quality. Extensive research has being carried out during the last decades on the efficiency of the degradation and/or removal of these hormones in sewage treatment plants (STPs). Conventional and advanced treatments have been investigated by different authors for the elimination of estrogens from water. This paper aims to review the different processes and treatments that have been applied for the elimination of E1, E2, E3 and EE2 from water. With this purpose, physical, biological and advanced oxidation processes (AOP) have been addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Patrícia Silva
- Department of Chemistry & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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17
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Chan KY, Gavaghan BM, Stoeckel AW, Irizarry K, Hare PM. Solvent effects on the steady state photophysics of estrone and 17β-estradiol. Photochem Photobiol 2012; 88:295-303. [PMID: 22191459 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2011.01066.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Absorption and emission yields for estrone and 17β-estradiol were measured in a variety of room temperature solvents. Molar extinction coefficients were found to not vary as a function of solvent, while fluorescence yields were found to be significantly affected by the polarity and hydrogen-bond accepting ability of the solvent, with the yield for 17β-estradiol being highest in nonpolar, hydrogen-bond donating solvents, and lowest in the nonpolar, hydrogen-bond accepting solvent ethyl acetate. Estrone's emission yield was found to be a factor of ten smaller than 17β-estradiol's. Strong solvent and excitation wavelength dependences were found for the relative amounts of emission between estrone's two emission bands, with increased relative emission occurring in nonpolar aprotic solvents, and under higher excitation energies. These results are interpreted with the aid of vertical excitation energies from time-dependent density functional calculations using both explicit and implicit solvation models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kara Y Chan
- Department of Chemistry, Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights, KY, USA
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18
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Shen X, Zhu L, Wang N, Ye L, Tang H. Molecular imprinting for removing highly toxic organic pollutants. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:788-98. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc14654a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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19
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Dai CM, Geissen SU, Zhang YL, Zhang YJ, Zhou XF. Selective removal of diclofenac from contaminated water using molecularly imprinted polymer microspheres. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2011; 159:1660-6. [PMID: 21439696 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2011.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2010] [Revised: 02/16/2011] [Accepted: 02/26/2011] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
A molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) was synthesized by precipitation polymerization using diclofenac (DFC) as a template. Binding characteristics of the MIP were evaluated using equilibrium binding experiments. Compared to the non-imprinted polymer (NIP), the MIP showed an outstanding affinity towards DFC in an aqueous solution with a binding site capacity (Q(max)) of 324.8 mg/g and a dissociation constant (K(d)) of 3.99 mg/L. The feasibility of removing DFC from natural water by the MIP was demonstrated by using river water spiked with DFC. Effects of pH and humic acid on the selectivity and adsorption capacity of MIP were evaluated in detail. MIP had better selectivity and higher adsorption efficiency for DFC as compared to that of powdered activated carbon (PAC). In addition, MIP reusability was demonstrated for at least 12 repeated cycles without significant loss in performance, which is a definite advantage over single-use activated carbon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Meng Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
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20
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Wang S, Li Y, Wu X, Ding M, Yuan L, Wang R, Wen T, Zhang J, Chen L, Zhou X, Li F. Construction of uniformly sized pseudo template imprinted polymers coupled with HPLC-UV for the selective extraction and determination of trace estrogens in chicken tissue samples. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2011; 186:1513-1519. [PMID: 21195544 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2010] [Revised: 12/07/2010] [Accepted: 12/07/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
To assess the potential risks associated with the environmental exposure of steroid estrogens, a novel highly efficient and selective estrogen enrichment procedure based on the use of molecularly imprinted polymer has been developed and evaluated. Herein, analogue of estrogens, namely 17-ethyl estradiol (EE(2)) was used as the pseudo template, to avoid the leakage of a trace amount of the target analytes. The resulting pseudo molecularly imprinted polymers (PMIPs) showed large sorption capacity, high recognition ability and fast binding kinetics for estrogens. Moreover, using these imprinted particles as dispersive solid-phase extraction (DSPE) materials, the amounts of three estrogens (E(1), E(2) and E(3)) which were detected by HPLC-UV from the chicken tissue samples were 0.28, 0.31 and 0.17 μg g(-1), and the recoveries were 72.5-78.7%, 90.3-95.2% and 80.5-83.6% in spiked chicken tissue samples with RSD <7%, respectively. All these results reveal that EE(2)-PMIPs as DSPE materials coupled with HPLC-UV could be applied to the highly selective separation and sensitive determination of trace estrogens in chicken tissue samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Hanzhong Road 140, Nanjing 210029, PR China.
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21
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Li Y, Dong C, Chu J, Qi J, Li X. Surface molecular imprinting onto fluorescein-coated magnetic nanoparticles via reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer polymerization: a facile three-in-one system for recognition and separation of endocrine disrupting chemicals. NANOSCALE 2011; 3:280-287. [PMID: 21063623 DOI: 10.1039/c0nr00614a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we present a general protocol for the making of surface-imprinted magnetic fluorescence beads via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization. The resulting composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy. The as-synthesized beads exhibited homogeneous polymer films (thickness of about 5.7 nm), spherical shape, high fluorescence intensity and magnetic property (Magnetization (Ms)=3.67 emu g(-1)). The hybrids bind the original template 17β-estradiol with an appreciable selectivity over structurally related compounds. In addition, the resulting hybrids performed without obvious deterioration after five repeated cycles. This study therefore demonstrates the potential of molecularly imprinted polymers for the recognition and separation of endocrine disrupting chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Department of Chemistry, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
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22
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Dai CM, Geissen SU, Zhang YL, Zhang YJ, Zhou XF. Performance evaluation and application of molecularly imprinted polymer for separation of carbamazepine in aqueous solution. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2010; 184:156-163. [PMID: 20822849 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2010] [Revised: 08/03/2010] [Accepted: 08/08/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) for selective adsorption of carbamazepine (CBZ) in aqueous solution was synthesized by precipitation polymerization using CBZ as a template molecule and methacrylic acid (MAA) as a functional monomer. The performance of the CBZ-MIP was evaluated in terms of selectivity, adsorption capacity, binding characteristics, loading volume, and elution volume. The CBZ-MIP exhibited a high affinity for CBZ over the competitive compound (Diclofenac) and was more suitable to remove low concentrations of CBZ in large-volume water samples. A binding performance experiment indicated that the adsorption of CBZ-MIP was characterized by both specific and non-specific binding interactions. Moreover, the regenerability of the MIP was affirmed in ten sequential cycles of adsorption/desorption without a significant loss in recovery. Finally, the CBZ-MIP was applied to enrich CBZ in environmental water samples, and the CBZ concentrations were subsequently determined using HPLC-UV. The results were in good agreement with corresponding LC-MS/MS data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Meng Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Department of Environmental Technology, Chair of Environmental Process Engineering, Technical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sven-Uwe Geissen
- Department of Environmental Technology, Chair of Environmental Process Engineering, Technical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Ya-Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Yong-Jun Zhang
- Department of Environmental Technology, Chair of Environmental Process Engineering, Technical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Xue-Fei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
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Huy GD, Jin N, Yin BC, Ye BC. A novel separation and enrichment method of 17β-estradiol using aptamer-anchored microbeads. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2010; 34:189-95. [PMID: 20734205 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-010-0460-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2010] [Accepted: 07/30/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The estrogenic compound 17β-estradiol (E2) is widely studied for its potential endocrine disruption effects. Due to the low level of E2 present in the environment, it is highly desirable to develop a sensitive and efficient separation and enrichment method for E2 analysis. In this paper, we proposed a novel E2 preconcentration method using anti-E2 aptamer-anchored isothiocyanate-modified beads (NCS beads). The glass beads are chemically modified with primary amino group, and then treated with phenylene diisothiocyanate (PDITC) to generate an isothiocyanate group, which is reactive towards the amine group. The amino-modified anti-E2 aptamer can be easily covalently immobilized onto the as-prepared NCS beads. The experimental results demonstrated that the aptamer affinity microbeads could selectively retain and separate E2 compound. The effects of the operation parameters on retention of E2, including washing condition, eluting condition, the number of beads, and the incubation time were investigated. Moreover, high-performance liquid chromatography with preconcentration of E2 on the aptamer affinity microbeads was applied to detect the E2 in the spiked water samples and obtained a good recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gioi Dong Huy
- Lab of Biosystems and Microanalysis, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai, China
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24
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Removal of 17β-oestradiol and 17α-ethinyl oestradiol from water by activated carbons and hypercrosslinked polymeric phases. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2010.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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