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Zhang X, Wang Z, Sun S, Wang Z, Xie H. Green flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foam with cobalt hydroxystannate to improve the thermal stability, flame retardancy and smoke suppression properties. Sci Rep 2024; 14:19805. [PMID: 39191843 PMCID: PMC11349981 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-70812-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The ecological benefits and concerns surrounding fossil fuels had led to increased interest in bio-based rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF). Nonetheless, due to its flammability, it had limited application in various fields. To solve this problem, a green bio-flame retardant, cobalt hydroxystannate (CoSn(OH)6), was prepared and compounded with montmorillonite (MMT) and chick feather protein (CF), and applied to RPUF, which not only realized the regeneration of resources, but also provided RPUF with better thermal stability, flame retardancy and smoke suppression properties. The experimental results showed that when 3 wt% CoSn(OH)6 was added, the RPUF (CF1/MMT3/Co3) had the greatest activation energy. In addition, the peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR) of CF1/MMT3/Co3 decreased by 12.73%, and 11.16% respectively, compared with no CoSn(OH)6. In addition, its Ds decreased by 28.9% and the light transmittance increased by 17.6% compared with the RPUF without CoSn(OH)6. At the same time, its peak smoke production rate (PSPR) and the total smoke release (TSR) decreased by 25% and 18%. And CF1/MMT3/Co3 also had the lowest fire risk evaluation index. This study presented possibilities for practical utilization of the RPUF substances founded on bio-based flame inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Aircraft Fire Explosion Control and Reliability Airworthiness Technology, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang, 110136, China.
- School of Safety Engineering, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang, 110136, China.
| | - Zhaoqian Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Aircraft Fire Explosion Control and Reliability Airworthiness Technology, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang, 110136, China
- School of Safety Engineering, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang, 110136, China
| | - Simiao Sun
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Aircraft Fire Explosion Control and Reliability Airworthiness Technology, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang, 110136, China
- School of Safety Engineering, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang, 110136, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Aircraft Fire Explosion Control and Reliability Airworthiness Technology, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang, 110136, China
- School of Safety Engineering, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang, 110136, China
| | - Hua Xie
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Aircraft Fire Explosion Control and Reliability Airworthiness Technology, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang, 110136, China
- School of Safety Engineering, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang, 110136, China
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Parcheta-Szwindowska P, Habaj J, Krzemińska I, Datta J. A Comprehensive Review of Reactive Flame Retardants for Polyurethane Materials: Current Development and Future Opportunities in an Environmentally Friendly Direction. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5512. [PMID: 38791552 PMCID: PMC11121908 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Polyurethanes are among the most significant types of polymers in development; these materials are used to produce construction products intended for work in various conditions. Nowadays, it is important to develop methods for fire load reduction by using new kinds of additives or monomers containing elements responsible for materials' fire resistance. Currently, additive antipyrines or reactive flame retardants can be used during polyurethane material processing. The use of additives usually leads to the migration or volatilization of the additive to the surface of the material, which causes the loss of the resistance and aesthetic values of the product. Reactive flame retardants form compounds containing special functional groups that can be chemically bonded with monomers during polymerization, which can prevent volatilization or migration to the surface of the material. In this study, reactive flame retardants are compared. Their impacts on polyurethane flame retardancy, combustion mechanism, and environment are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Parcheta-Szwindowska
- Department of Polymer Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza St. 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland; (J.H.); (I.K.); (J.D.)
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Khan M. Chemical and Physical Architecture of Macromolecular Gels for Fracturing Fluid Applications in the Oil and Gas Industry; Current Status, Challenges, and Prospects. Gels 2024; 10:338. [PMID: 38786255 PMCID: PMC11121287 DOI: 10.3390/gels10050338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Hydraulic fracturing is vital in recovering hydrocarbons from oil and gas reservoirs. It involves injecting a fluid under high pressure into reservoir rock. A significant part of fracturing fluids is the addition of polymers that become gels or gel-like under reservoir conditions. Polymers are employed as viscosifiers and friction reducers to provide proppants in fracturing fluids as a transport medium. There are numerous systems for fracturing fluids based on macromolecules. The employment of natural and man-made linear polymers, and also, to a lesser extent, synthetic hyperbranched polymers, as additives in fracturing fluids in the past one to two decades has shown great promise in enhancing the stability of fracturing fluids under various challenging reservoir conditions. Modern innovations demonstrate the importance of developing chemical structures and properties to improve performance. Key challenges include maintaining viscosity under reservoir conditions and achieving suitable shear-thinning behavior. The physical architecture of macromolecules and novel crosslinking processes are essential in addressing these issues. The effect of macromolecule interactions on reservoir conditions is very critical in regard to efficient fluid qualities and successful fracturing operations. In future, there is the potential for ongoing studies to produce specialized macromolecular solutions for increased efficiency and sustainability in oil and gas applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majad Khan
- Department of Chemistry, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia; ; Tel.: +966-0138601671
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen Technologies and Energy Storage (IRC-HTCM), King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Refining and Advanced Chemicals (IRC-CRAC), King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
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4
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Morang S, Bandyopadhyay A, Borah N, Kar A, Mandal BB, Karak N. Photoluminescent Self-Healable Waterborne Polyurethane/Mo and S Codoped Graphitic Carbon Nitride Nanocomposite with Bioimaging and Encryption Capability. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:1910-1924. [PMID: 38391158 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c01259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Creating polymers that combine various functions within a single system expands the potential applications of such polymeric materials. However, achieving polymer materials that possess simultaneously elevated strength, toughness, and self-healing capabilities, along with special properties, remains a significant challenge. The present study demonstrates the preparation of S and Mo codoped graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) (Mo@S-CN) nanohybrid and the fabrication of self-healing waterborne polyurethane (SHWPU)/Mo@S-CN (SHWPU/NS) nanocomposites for advanced applications. Mo@S-CN is an intriguing combination of g-C3N4 nanosheets and molybdenum oxide (MoOx) nanorods, forming a complex lamellar structure. This unique arrangement significantly improves the inborn properties of SHWPU to an impressive degree, especially mechanical strength (28.37-34.11 MPa), fracture toughness (73.65-140.98 MJ m-2), and thermal stability (340.17-348.01 °C), and introduces fluorescence activity into the matrix. Interestingly, a representative SHWPU/NS0.5 film is so tough that a dumbbell of 15 kg, which is 53,003 times heavier than the weight of the film, can be successfully lifted without any significant crack. Remarkably, fluorescence activity is developed because of electronic excitations occurring within the repeating polymeric tris-triazine units of the Mo@S-CN nanohybrid. This fascinating feature was effectively harnessed by assessing the usability of aqueous dispersions of the Mo@S-CN nanohybrid and photoluminescent SHWPU/NS nanocomposites as sustainable stains for bioimaging of human dermal fibroblast cells and anticounterfeiting materials, respectively. The in vitro fluorescence tagging test showed blue emission from 365 nm excitation, green emission from 470 nm excitation, and red emission from 545 nm excitation. Most importantly, in vitro hemocompatibility assessment, in vitro cytocompatibility, cell proliferation assessment, and cellular morphology assessment supported the biocompatibility nature of the Mo@S-CN nanohybrid and SHWPU/NS nanocomposites. Thus, these materials can be used for advanced applications including bioimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samiran Morang
- Advanced Polymer and Nanomaterial Laboratory (APNL), Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Napaam, Tezpur, Assam 784028, India
| | - Ashutosh Bandyopadhyay
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Nobomi Borah
- Advanced Polymer and Nanomaterial Laboratory (APNL), Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Napaam, Tezpur, Assam 784028, India
| | - Annesha Kar
- Advanced Polymer and Nanomaterial Laboratory (APNL), Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Napaam, Tezpur, Assam 784028, India
| | - Biman B Mandal
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
- Jyoti and Bhupat Mehta School of Health Sciences and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Niranjan Karak
- Advanced Polymer and Nanomaterial Laboratory (APNL), Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Napaam, Tezpur, Assam 784028, India
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Shi Y, Nie C, Jiang S, Wang H, Feng Y, Gao J, Tang L, Song P. Tunable construction of fire safe and mechanically strong hierarchical composites towards electromagnetic interference shielding. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 652:1554-1567. [PMID: 37660612 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.08.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Cotton fabric composites were designed to be protected by fire safe thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) composites for developing electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding polymer composites with superior mechanical properties. Herein, the as-prepared MXene was coated onto the fiber surface of cotton and then thermally compressed with TPU composites, which were filled with the sodium dodecyl sulfate modified layered double hydroxides functionalized the short carbon fiber hybrids through melt blending method. Then, a series of highly fire safe cotton/TPU hierarchical composites were constructed by a designed thermal compression technique. For instance, the obtained cotton/TPU hierarchical sample showed greatly reduced peak of heat release rate, peak of carbon monoxide production rate and peak of carbon dioxide production rate of TPU by 50.1%, 52.1% and 55.4%, respectively. Furthermore, the cotton/TPU hierarchical composites possessed the EMI shielding effectiveness of 40.0 dB in the X band and 54.6 dB in the K band. The mechanical property of the cotton/TPU hierarchical composites was also reinforced, where the elongation at break and toughness values of the TPU/SCF/mLDH1/C2 hierarchical composite were 21.47 and 18.30 times higher than those of pure TPU, respectively. These mechanically strong hierarchical composites have brought a promising attempt to broaden their practical application, removing the fire hazards and electromagnetic waves radiation from the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqian Shi
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China.
| | - Chenxin Nie
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Songqiong Jiang
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Hengrui Wang
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Yuezhan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold Ministry of Education, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Jiefeng Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Longcheng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Pingan Song
- Centre for Future Materials, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield, QLD 4300, Australia; School of Agriculture and Environmental Science, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield, QLD 4300, Australia
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6
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Yang Y, Wang R, Leng Y, Wang J, Xu M. An Integrated Multi-Functional Thermal Conductive and Flame Retardant Epoxy Composite with Functionalized Carbon Nitride Nanosheets. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3143. [PMID: 37514531 PMCID: PMC10385693 DOI: 10.3390/polym15143143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In miniaturized and integrated electronic devices, thermal potential and fire hazards caused by heat diffusion require an efficient thermal management system with versatile electronic packaging equipment. The flame retardancy was endowed on the surface of carbon nitride after thermal etching (CNNS) containing piperazine pyrophosphate (PPAP) by hydrogen bonding, and the obtained nanosheet was defined as PPAP-CNNS. During solution blending and program-controlled curing, PPAP-CNNS was used as a multifunctional filler to fabricate highly thermoconductive and fire retardant epoxy resin (EP) composites. In line with expectations, the resultant EP composites containing 7 wt% PPAP-CNNS had an exceptional thermal conductivity (TC) of 1.1 W·m-1K-1, which was 4.8 times higher than pure EP. Simultaneously, there was a sharp drop in the heat release rate (HRR), total heat release (THR), smoke production rate (SPR), and total smoke production (TSP) compared to pure EP. These reductions were, respectively, 63.7%, 54.2%, 17.9%, and 57.2%. The addition of PPAP-CNNS increased the specific surface area, which increased the heat conduction routes, and also the shape of the compact and solid char layer during burning, protecting the underlying polymer. These improvements to dispersion and surface functionalization were made possible by the compound. These results indicate that the preparation of integrated multi-functional resin described in this study has a wide application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Yang
- Aulin College, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Ruiping Wang
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Molecular Design and Preparation of Flame Retarded Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yang Leng
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Molecular Design and Preparation of Flame Retarded Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Jingchun Wang
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Molecular Design and Preparation of Flame Retarded Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Miaojun Xu
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Molecular Design and Preparation of Flame Retarded Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
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7
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Chen G, Liu T, Luan P, Li N, Sun Y, Tao J, Yan B, Cheng Z. Distribution, migration, and removal of N-containing products during polyurethane pyrolysis: A review. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 453:131406. [PMID: 37084514 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Due to the wide applications of polyurethane (PU), production is constantly increasing, accounting for 8% of produced plastics. PU has been regarded as the 6th most used polymer in the world. Improper disposal of waste PU will result in serious environmental consequences. The pyrolysis of polymers is one of the most commonly used disposal methods, but PU pyrolysis easily produces toxic and harmful nitrogen-containing substances due to its high nitrogen content. This paper reviews the decomposition pathways, kinetic characteristics, and migration of N-element by product distribution during PU pyrolysis. PU ester bonds break to produce isocyanates and alcohols or decarboxylate to produce primary amines, which are then further decomposed to MDI, MAI, and MDA. The nitrogenous products, including NH3, HCN, and benzene derivatives, are released by the breakage of C-C and C-N bonds. The N-element migration mechanism is concluded. Meanwhile, this paper reviews the removal of gaseous pollution from PU pyrolysis and discusses the removal mechanism in depth. Among the catalysts for pollutant removal, CaO has the most superior catalytic performance and can convert fuel-N to N2 by adsorption and dehydrogenation reactions. At the end of the review, new challenges for the utilization and high-quality recycling of PU are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanyi Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Tianjin Key Lab of Biomass/Waste Utilization, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Low and Medium Energy of Ministry of Education, Tianjin Engineering Research Center for Organic Wastes Safe Disposal and Energy Utilization, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, PR China
| | - Tiecheng Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Pengpeng Luan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Ning Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Tianjin Key Lab of Biomass/Waste Utilization, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Low and Medium Energy of Ministry of Education, Tianjin Engineering Research Center for Organic Wastes Safe Disposal and Energy Utilization, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Yunan Sun
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, PR China
| | - Junyu Tao
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, PR China
| | - Beibei Yan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Tianjin Key Lab of Biomass/Waste Utilization, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Low and Medium Energy of Ministry of Education, Tianjin Engineering Research Center for Organic Wastes Safe Disposal and Energy Utilization, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhanjun Cheng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Tianjin Key Lab of Biomass/Waste Utilization, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Low and Medium Energy of Ministry of Education, Tianjin Engineering Research Center for Organic Wastes Safe Disposal and Energy Utilization, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
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8
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Mao X, Guo R, Chen Q, Zhu H, Li H, Yan Z, Guo Z, Wu T. Recent Advances in Graphitic Carbon Nitride Based Electro-Catalysts for CO 2 Reduction Reactions. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083292. [PMID: 37110526 PMCID: PMC10146859 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction reaction is an effective means of combating the greenhouse effect caused by massive carbon dioxide emissions. Carbon nitride in the graphitic phase (g-C3N4) has excellent chemical stability and unique structural properties that allow it to be widely used in energy and materials fields. However, due to its relatively low electrical conductivity, to date, little effort has been made to summarize the application of g-C3N4 in the electrocatalytic reduction of CO2. This review focuses on the synthesis and functionalization of g-C3N4 and the recent advances of its application as a catalyst and a catalyst support in the electrocatalytic reduction of CO2. The modification of g-C3N4-based catalysts for enhanced CO2 reduction is critically reviewed. In addition, opportunities for future research on g-C3N4-based catalysts for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Mao
- College of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China
- Municipal Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Technologies of Ningbo, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Ruitang Guo
- College of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Quhan Chen
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China
- Municipal Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Technologies of Ningbo, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Huiwen Zhu
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China
- Municipal Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Technologies of Ningbo, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Hongzhe Li
- College of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Zijun Yan
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China
- Municipal Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Technologies of Ningbo, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Zeyu Guo
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China
- Municipal Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Technologies of Ningbo, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China
- Municipal Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Technologies of Ningbo, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China
- Key Laboratory of Carbonaceous Wastes Processing and Process Intensification of Zhejiang Province, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China
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9
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Shi Y, Yao A, Han J, Wang H, Feng Y, Fu L, Yang F, Song P. Architecting fire safe hierarchical polymer nanocomposite films with excellent electromagnetic interference shielding via interface engineering. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 640:179-191. [PMID: 36848771 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.02.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
Integrating high flame retardancy and excellent electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding into polymetric materials is extremely necessary, and well dispersing conductive fillers into polymeric materials is still a great challenge because of incompatible interfacial polarity between polymer matrix and conductive fillers. Therefore, under the premise of maintaining integral conductive films in the process of hot compression, constructing a novel EMI shielding polymer nanocomposites where conductive films closely adhere to polymer nanocmposites layers should be a fascinating stratety. In this work, salicylaldehyde-modified chitosan decorated titanium carbide nanohybrid (Ti3C2Tx-SCS) was combined with piperazine-modified ammonium polyphosphate (PA-APP) to fabricate thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) nanocomposites, which were used for construction of hierarchical nanocomposite films by inserting reduced graphene oxide (rGO) films into TPU/PA-APP/Ti3C2Tx-SCS nanocomposite layers through our self-developed air assisted hot pressing technique. The total heat release, total smoke release and total carbon monoxide yield for TPU nanocomposite containing 4.0 wt% Ti3C2Tx-SCS nanohybrid were 58.0%, 58.4% and 75.8% lower than those of pristine TPU, respectively. Besides, the hierarchical TPU nanocomposite film containing 1.0 wt% Ti3C2Tx-SCS presented an averaged EMI shielding effectiveness of 21.3 dB in X band. This work provides a promising strategy for fabricating fire safe and EMI shielding polymer nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqian Shi
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350116, PR China.
| | - Ansheng Yao
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350116, PR China
| | - Junqiang Han
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350116, PR China
| | - Hengrui Wang
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350116, PR China
| | - Yuezhan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold Ministry of Education, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China
| | - Libi Fu
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350116, PR China
| | - Fuqiang Yang
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350116, PR China
| | - Pingan Song
- Centre for Future Materials, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield, QLD 4350, Australia.
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10
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Graphene-based flame-retardant polyurethane: a critical review. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-022-04585-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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11
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Guo F, Zhang Y, Li L. Zinc hydroxystannate dripped on magnesium hydroxide flower for enhancing smoke suppression and toxicity reduction properties of epoxy resin. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes Chinese Academy of Sciences Xining Qinghai China
- Qinghai Engineering and Technology Research Center of Comprehensive Utilization of Salt Lake Resources Xining Qinghai China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Yuze Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes Chinese Academy of Sciences Xining Qinghai China
- Qinghai Engineering and Technology Research Center of Comprehensive Utilization of Salt Lake Resources Xining Qinghai China
| | - Lijuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes Chinese Academy of Sciences Xining Qinghai China
- Qinghai Engineering and Technology Research Center of Comprehensive Utilization of Salt Lake Resources Xining Qinghai China
- Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
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12
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Yang L, Ren X, Zhang Y, Chen Z. One-pot preparation of poly(triazine imide) with intercalation of Cu ions: A heterogeneous catalyst for peroxymonosulfate activation to degradate organic pollutants under sunlight. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2022.109965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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13
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Liu BW, Zhao HB, Wang YZ. Advanced Flame-Retardant Methods for Polymeric Materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2107905. [PMID: 34837231 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202107905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Most organic polymeric materials have high flammability, for which the large amounts of smoke, toxic gases, heat, and melt drips produced during their burning cause immeasurable damages to human life and property every year. Despite some desirable results having been achieved by conventional flame-retardant methods, their application is encountering more and more difficulties with the ever-increasing high flame-retardant requirements such as high flame-retardant efficiency, great persistence, low release of heat, smoke, and toxic gases, and more importantly not deteriorating or even enhancing the overall properties of polymers. Under such condition, some advanced flame-retardant methods have been developed in the past years based on "all-in-one" intumescence, nanotechnology, in situ reinforcement, intrinsic char formation, plasma treatment, biomimetic coatings, etc., which have provided potential solutions to the dilemma of conventional flame-retardant methods. This review briefly outlines the development, application, and problems of conventional flame-retardant methods, including bulk-additive, bulk-copolymerization, and surface treatment, and focuses on the raise, development, and potential application of advanced flame-retardant methods. The future development of flame-retardant methods is further discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Wen Liu
- The Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE), National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Hai-Bo Zhao
- The Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE), National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Yu-Zhong Wang
- The Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE), National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
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14
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Guo X, Xu X, Bai Z, Chen X, Qin J. Non‐isothermal crystallization kinetics of polypropylene/layered double hydroxide composites. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xincheng Guo
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Technology Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu China
- Key Laboratory of Karst Environment and Geohazard, Ministry of Land and Resources Guizhou University Guiyang China
| | - Xiaoyu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Technology Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu China
| | - Zhuyu Bai
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Technology Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu China
| | - Xiaolang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Technology Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu China
| | - Jun Qin
- Key Laboratory of Karst Environment and Geohazard, Ministry of Land and Resources Guizhou University Guiyang China
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15
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Feng T, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Dong H, Piao J, Wang Y, Ren J, Chen W, Liu W, Chen X, Jiao C. Fabrication of hollow carbon spheres modified by molybdenum compounds towards toxicity reduction and flame retardancy of thermoplastic polyurethane. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Feng
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
| | - Yanli Zhang
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
| | - Yaxuan Wang
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
| | - Huixin Dong
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
| | - Junxiu Piao
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
| | - Yaofei Wang
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
| | - Jinyong Ren
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
| | - Wenjiao Chen
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
| | - Xilei Chen
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
| | - Chuanmei Jiao
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
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16
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Zhang W, Chen Z, Yu Y, Chen T, Zhang Q, Li C, Chen Z, Gao W, Jiang J. Synthesis of phosphorus and silicon co‐doped graphitic carbon nitride and its combination with ammonium polyphosphate to enhance the flame retardancy of epoxy resin. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.51614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenyi Zhang
- College of Safety Science and Engineering Nanjing Tech University Nanjing China
| | - Zhongwei Chen
- College of Safety Science and Engineering Nanjing Tech University Nanjing China
| | - Yuan Yu
- College of Safety Science and Engineering Nanjing Tech University Nanjing China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Hazardous Chemicals Safety and Control Nanjing Tech University Nanjing China
| | - Tingting Chen
- College of Safety Science and Engineering Nanjing Tech University Nanjing China
| | - Qingwu Zhang
- College of Safety Science and Engineering Nanjing Tech University Nanjing China
| | - Changxin Li
- College of Safety Science and Engineering Nanjing Tech University Nanjing China
| | - Zhiquan Chen
- College of Safety Science and Engineering Nanjing Tech University Nanjing China
| | - Wei Gao
- College of Safety Science and Engineering Nanjing Tech University Nanjing China
| | - Juncheng Jiang
- College of Safety Science and Engineering Nanjing Tech University Nanjing China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Hazardous Chemicals Safety and Control Nanjing Tech University Nanjing China
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17
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Chen K, Yang D, Shi Y, Feng Y, Fu L, Liu C, Chen M, Yang F. Synergistic function of
N‐P‐Cu
containing supermolecular assembly networks in intumescent flame retardant thermoplastic polyurethane. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Chen
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering Fuzhou University Fuzhou China
| | - Dong Yang
- Athioula A. Martins Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Charlestown Massachusetts USA
| | - Yongqian Shi
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering Fuzhou University Fuzhou China
| | - Yuezhan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold Ministry of Education, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Libi Fu
- College of Civil Engineering Fuzhou University Fuzhou China
| | - Chuan Liu
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering Fuzhou University Fuzhou China
| | - Ming Chen
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering Fuzhou University Fuzhou China
| | - Fuqiang Yang
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering Fuzhou University Fuzhou China
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18
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A facile strategy for lightweight, anti-dripping, flexible polyurethane foam with low smoke emission tendency and superior electromagnetic wave blocking. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 603:25-36. [PMID: 34186402 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.06.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Flexible polyurethane foam (FPUF) has been considered as an excellent material in many fields, such as furniture and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding products due to its lightweight and flexibility. However, there is a severe fire hazard problem for FPUF that makes it unsuitable to be used in practical. Herein, a facile method was to prepare anti-dripping FPUF via electroless plating at ambient temperature. The silver nanoparticles (SNPs) were in-situ grown on the surface along with the polydopamine (PDA) as an adhesive and template (SNP@PDA@FPUF). As a result, these FPUFs show outstanding fire safety and anti-dripping capacity, and the heat release rate reduced 80.92%. Furthermore, the amounts of carbon oxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO2) decreased 75.01% and 22.4%, respectively. Above all, the EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) accomplished almost 120 dB as the increasing electroless time with a low density of 0.051 g/cm3. Furthermore, the specific EMI SE (SSE) and the absolute EMI SE (SSE/t) accomplished 2630.98 dB·cm3/g and 2434 dB·cm2/g, respectively, which was far beyond the commercial request. Therefore, this work may provide a facile way to prepare low density and EMI shielding products with high fire safety for next generation electronic products.
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19
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Recent Progress in Two-dimensional Nanomaterials Following Graphene for Improving Fire Safety of Polymer (Nano)composites. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-021-2575-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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20
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Zagożdżon I, Parcheta P, Datta J. Novel Cast Polyurethanes Obtained by Using Reactive Phosphorus-Containing Polyol: Synthesis, Thermal Analysis and Combustion Behaviors. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14112699. [PMID: 34063787 PMCID: PMC8196663 DOI: 10.3390/ma14112699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorus-containing polyol applications in polyurethane synthesis can prevent volatilization of flame retardants and their migration on the surface of a material. In this work, novel cast polyurethanes were prepared by a one-step method with the use of different amounts of phosphorus-containing polyol, 4,4′–diphenylmethane diisocyanate and 1,4-butanediol. The chemical structure, thermal, physicochemical and mechanical properties and flame resistance of the prepared materials were investigated. The results obtained for cast flame-retarded polyurethanes were compared with cast polyurethane synthesized with commonly known polyether polyol. It has been shown that with an increasing amount of phosphorus content to polyurethane’s chemical structure, an increased flame resistance and char yield were found during combustion tests. Phosphorus polyol worked in both the condensed (reduced heat and mass exchange) and gas phase (inhibition of flame propagation during burning). The obtained materials contained phosphorus polyol, indicating higher thermal stability in an oxidative environment than an inert atmosphere.
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21
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Recent Developments in Lignin- and Tannin-Based Non-Isocyanate Polyurethane Resins for Wood Adhesives—A Review. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11094242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
This review article aims to summarize the potential of using renewable natural resources, such as lignin and tannin, in the preparation of NIPUs for wood adhesives. Polyurethanes (PUs) are extremely versatile polymeric materials, which have been widely used in numerous applications, e.g., packaging, footwear, construction, the automotive industry, the lighting industry, insulation panels, bedding, furniture, metallurgy, sealants, coatings, foams, and wood adhesives. The isocyanate-based PUs exhibit strong adhesion properties, excellent flexibility, and durability, but they lack renewability. Therefore, this study focused on the development of non-isocyanate polyurethane lignin and tannin resins for wood adhesives. PUs are commercially synthesized using polyols and polyisocyanates. Isocyanates are toxic, costly, and not renewable; thus, a search of suitable alternatives in the synthesis of polyurethane resins is needed. The reaction with diamine compounds could result in NIPUs based on lignin and tannin. The research on bio-based components for PU synthesis confirmed that they have good characteristics as an alternative for the petroleum-based adhesives. The advantages of improved strength, low curing temperatures, shorter pressing times, and isocyanate-free properties were demonstrated by lignin- and tannin-based NIPUs. The elimination of isocyanate, associated with environmental and human health hazards, NIPU synthesis, and its properties and applications, including wood adhesives, are reported comprehensively in this paper. The future perspectives of NIPUs’ production and application were also outlined.
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22
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Chen X, Chen X, Li S, Jiao C. Copper metal‐organic framework toward flame‐retardant enhancement of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer composites based on ammonium polyphosphate. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xilei Chen
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
| | - Xihong Chen
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
| | - Shaoxiang Li
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
| | - Chuanmei Jiao
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
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23
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Luo Y, Xie Y, Chen R, Zheng R, Wu H, Sheng X, Xie D, Mei Y. A low-density polyethylene composite with phosphorus-nitrogen based flame retardant and multi-walled carbon nanotubes for enhanced electrical conductivity and acceptable flame retardancy. Front Chem Sci Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-021-2035-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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24
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Ababsa HS, Safidine Z, Mekki A, Grohens Y, Ouadah A, Chabane H. Fire behavior of flame-retardant polyurethane semi-rigid foam in presence of nickel (II) oxide and graphene nanoplatelets additives. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-021-02450-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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25
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Kim Y, Lee S, Yoon H. Fire-Safe Polymer Composites: Flame-Retardant Effect of Nanofillers. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:540. [PMID: 33673106 PMCID: PMC7918670 DOI: 10.3390/polym13040540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, polymers are competing with metals and ceramics to realize various material characteristics, including mechanical and electrical properties. However, most polymers consist of organic matter, making them vulnerable to flames and high-temperature conditions. In addition, the combustion of polymers consisting of different types of organic matter results in various gaseous hazards. Therefore, to minimize the fire damage, there has been a significant demand for developing polymers that are fire resistant or flame retardant. From this viewpoint, it is crucial to design and synthesize thermally stable polymers that are less likely to decompose into combustible gaseous species under high-temperature conditions. Flame retardants can also be introduced to further reinforce the fire performance of polymers. In this review, the combustion process of organic matter, types of flame retardants, and common flammability testing methods are reviewed. Furthermore, the latest research trends in the use of versatile nanofillers to enhance the fire performance of polymeric materials are discussed with an emphasis on their underlying action, advantages, and disadvantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukyung Kim
- R&D Laboratory: Korea Fire Institute, 331 Jisam-ro, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17088, Korea;
| | - Sanghyuck Lee
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Graduate School, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
| | - Hyeonseok Yoon
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Graduate School, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Korea
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26
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Construction of Charring-Functional Polyheptanazine towards Improvements in Flame Retardants of Polyurethane. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26020340. [PMID: 33440778 PMCID: PMC7826771 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen-containing flame retardants have been extensively applied due to their low toxicity and smoke-suppression properties; however, their poor charring ability restricts their applications. Herein, a representative nitrogen-containing flame retardant, polyheptanazine, was investigated. Two novel, cost-effective phosphorus-doped polyheptazine (PCN) and cobalt-anchored PCN (Co@PCN) flame retardants were synthesized via a thermal condensation method. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results indicated effective doping of P into triazine. Then, flame-retardant particles were introduced into thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) using a melt-blending approach. The introduction of 3 wt% PCN and Co@PCN could remarkably suppress peak heat release rate (pHRR) (48.5% and 40.0%), peak smoke production rate (pSPR) (25.5% and 21.8%), and increasing residues (10.18 wt%→17.04 wt% and 14.08 wt%). Improvements in charring stability and flame retardancy were ascribed to the formation of P-N bonds and P=N bonds in triazine rings, which promoted the retention of P in the condensed phase, which produced additional high-quality residues.
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27
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Nickel hydroxide and zinc hydroxystannate dual modified graphite carbon nitride for the flame retardancy and smoke suppression of epoxy resin. Polym Degrad Stab 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2020.109366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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28
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Zheng T, Xia W, Guo J, Wang K, Zeng M, Wu Q, Liu Y. Preparation of flame‐retardant polyamide 6 by incorporating
MgO
combined with
g‐C
3
N
4
. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringCentral South University Changsha China
| | - Wenning Xia
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringCentral South University Changsha China
| | - Jing Guo
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringCentral South University Changsha China
| | - Kangjie Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringCentral South University Changsha China
| | - Meiqing Zeng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringCentral South University Changsha China
| | - Qianxin Wu
- Sinopec Baling Petrochemical Company Yueyang China
| | - Yaochi Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringCentral South University Changsha China
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29
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Chen X, Lai Y, Gu Y, Jiao C, Li S. Effect of Functionalized Carbon Microspheres Combined with Ammonium Polyphosphate on Fire Safety Performance of Thermoplastic Polyurethane. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:6051-6061. [PMID: 32226887 PMCID: PMC7098011 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b04462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this article, carbon microspheres (CMSs) synthesized by the hydrothermal method and CMSs-Fe (with Fe3+ adsorbed on the surface of CMSs) were combined with ammonium polyphosphate (APP) to achieve the fire safety improvement of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). The fire safety performance of TPU composites was investigated by the cone calorimeter test, microscale combustion calorimeter test, thermogravimetric analysis/infrared spectrometry, Raman spectrometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that CMSs and CMSs-Fe can improve the fire safety performance of TPU/APP composites and the effect of CMSs-Fe was better than that of CMSs. The peak heat release rate of the sample containing 0.25 wt % CMSs and 7.75 wt % APP was 16.7% lower than that of the sample containing 8.00 wt % APP, and the content of toxic gases was also reduced in the fire smoke. Also, total heat release and total smoke release of the sample containing CMSs-Fe were 54.7% and 11.6%, respectively, lower than those of the sample containing 0.25% CMSs. It confirmed the contribution of CMSs to the flame retardant system, and the performance of CMSs is improved by adsorbing Fe3+.
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30
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Yuan Y, Wang W, Shi Y, Song L, Ma C, Hu Y. The influence of highly dispersed Cu 2O-anchored MoS 2 hybrids on reducing smoke toxicity and fire hazards for rigid polyurethane foam. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 382:121028. [PMID: 31473517 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The extensive utilization of rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) as construction insulation material has brought two main troubles to our society: fire risks and toxic hazards. To reduce the fire hazards of RPUF, a layered MoS2 decorated with Cu2O nanoparticles was creativity obtained by hydrothermal technology and facile wet chemical treatment for reducing the toxic product formations of polyurethane nanocomposites during combustion. Due to the low weight ratio of Cu2O attached onto MoS2, the resulting Cu2O-MoS2 hybrid effectively prevented the MoS2 nanosheets from restacking. However, the Cu2O-MoS2-M hybrid was produced by increasing content of Cu2O, which has the characteristic stacked layer structure of MoS2. Reduced harmful organic volatiles and the toxic gases (e.g. a respective decrease of ca. 28% and 53% for CO and NOx products) were obtained because of synergistic effect between the physical adsorption of MoS2 and catalysis action of Cu2O. Notably, the addition of Cu2O-MoS2 hybrids led to high char formation of the RPUF nanocomposite, indicating the effectively catalytic carbonization property. In addition, the N-Gas model for predicting fire smoke toxicity was developed and demonstrated. Furthermore, the research offers direct proofs of the negative influence of the stacked MoS2 on reducing the smoke toxicity for RPUF nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China
| | - Yongqian Shi
- College of Environment and Resources, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China
| | - Lei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China
| | - Chao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China.
| | - Yuan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China.
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31
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Jiao C, Li M, Chen X, Li S. Flame retardancy and thermal decomposition behavior of TPU/chitosan composites. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chuanmei Jiao
- College of Environment and Safety EngineeringQingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao Shandong 266042 China
| | - Mingxin Li
- College of Environment and Safety EngineeringQingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao Shandong 266042 China
| | - Xilei Chen
- College of Environment and Safety EngineeringQingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao Shandong 266042 China
| | - Shaoxiang Li
- College of Environment and Safety EngineeringQingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao Shandong 266042 China
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32
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Nanoreinforcements of Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials for Flame Retardant Polymeric Composites: An Overview. ADVANCES IN POLYMER TECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1155/2019/4273253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Polymer materials are ubiquitous in daily life. While polymers are often convenient and helpful, their properties often obscure the fire hazards they may pose. Therefore, it is of great significance in terms of safety to study the flame retardant properties of polymers while still maintaining their optimal performance. Current literature shows that although traditional flame retardants can satisfy the requirements of polymer flame retardancy, due to increases in product requirements in industry, including requirements for durability, mechanical properties, and environmental friendliness, it is imperative to develop a new generation of flame retardants. In recent years, the preparation of modified two-dimensional nanomaterials as flame retardants has attracted wide attention in the field. Due to their unique layered structures, two-dimensional nanomaterials can generally improve the mechanical properties of polymers via uniform dispersion, and they can form effective physical barriers in a matrix to improve the thermal stability of polymers. For polymer applications in specialized fields, different two-dimensional nanomaterials have potential conductivity, high thermal conductivity, catalytic activity, and antiultraviolet abilities, which can meet the flame retardant requirements of polymers and allow their use in specific applications. In this review, the current research status of two-dimensional nanomaterials as flame retardants is discussed, as well as a mechanism of how they can be applied for reducing the flammability of polymers.
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33
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An effective mono-component intumescent flame retardant for the enhancement of water resistance and fire safety of thermoplastic polyurethane composites. Polym Degrad Stab 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2019.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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34
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Thermal Stability, Fire and Smoke Behaviour of Epoxy Composites Modified with Plant Waste Fillers. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11081234. [PMID: 31349642 PMCID: PMC6723686 DOI: 10.3390/polym11081234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The influence of plant fillers on the flammability and smoke emission of natural composites was investigated. Epoxy composites with 15, 25, and 35 wt % of walnut and hazelnut shell, as well as sunflower husk, were prepared and examined. The ground organic components were characterized by grain size distribution, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and microstructure observations (SEM). The composite materials were subjected to dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and structural evaluation with scanning electron microscopy. Cone calorimeter tests and TGA determined the influence of plant waste filler addition on thermal stability and flammability. Moreover, the semi-volatile and volatile compounds that evolved during the thermal decomposition of selected samples were identified using a steady state tube furnace and a gas chromatograph with a mass spectrometer. The intensity of the degradation reduced as a function of increasing filler content, while the yield of residue corresponded to the amount of lignin that is contained in the tested plants. Moreover, the incorporation of agricultural waste materials resulted in the formation of a char layer, which inhibits the burning process. The yield of char depended on the amount and type of the filler. The composites containing ground hazelnut shell formed swollen char that was shaped in multicellular layers, similar to intumescent fire retardants.
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Yu B, Tawiah B, Wang LQ, Yin Yuen AC, Zhang ZC, Shen LL, Lin B, Fei B, Yang W, Li A, Zhu SE, Hu EZ, Lu HD, Yeoh GH. Interface decoration of exfoliated MXene ultra-thin nanosheets for fire and smoke suppressions of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 374:110-119. [PMID: 30981952 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) has broad applications as lightweight materials due to its multiple advantages and unique properties. Nevertheless, toxicity emission under fire conditions remains a major concern, particularly in building fire scenarios. To circumvent the problem, it is imperative that an effective flame retardant is sought to suppress the flame and release of combustion/smoke products whilst maintaining the favorable material properties of TPU. In the current work, a simple method is proposed for the preparation and utilization of cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) and tetrabutyl phosphine chloride (TBPC) modified Ti3C2 (MXene) ultra-thin nanosheets. During the cone calorimeter tests, significant reduction in peak heat release rate (51.2% and 52.2%), peak smoke production rate (57.1% and 57.4%), peak CO production (39.4% and 41.6%) and peak CO2 production (49.7% and 51.7%) were recorded by the mere introduction of 2 wt.% CTAB-Ti3C2 and TBPC-Ti3C2 to TPU. These superior fire safety properties resulting from the significant reduction of the fire, smoke and toxicity hazards are attributed to the excellent dispersion, catalytic and barrier effect of Ti3C2 ultra-thin nanosheets in TPU. Future applications of exfoliated MXene nanosheets as flame retardant appear to be very promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yu
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Hefei University, 99 Jinxiu Avenue, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, PR China; Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 88 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Benjamin Tawiah
- Institute of Textiles & Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lin-Qiang Wang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Hefei University, 99 Jinxiu Avenue, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, PR China
| | - Anthony Chun Yin Yuen
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Zhen-Cheng Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Hefei University, 99 Jinxiu Avenue, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, PR China
| | - Lu-Lu Shen
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Hefei University, 99 Jinxiu Avenue, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, PR China
| | - Bo Lin
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Bin Fei
- Institute of Textiles & Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Hefei University, 99 Jinxiu Avenue, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, PR China; School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
| | - Ao Li
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - San-E Zhu
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Hefei University, 99 Jinxiu Avenue, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, PR China
| | - En-Zhu Hu
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Hefei University, 99 Jinxiu Avenue, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, PR China
| | - Hong-Dian Lu
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Hefei University, 99 Jinxiu Avenue, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, PR China
| | - Guan Heng Yeoh
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
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Chen Z, Chen T, Yu Y, Zhang Q, Chen Z, Jiang J. Metal‐organic framework MIL‐53 (Fe)@C/graphite carbon nitride hybrids with enhanced thermal stability, flame retardancy, and smoke suppression for unsaturated polyester resin. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwei Chen
- College of Safety Science and EngineeringNanjing Tech University Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Tingting Chen
- College of Safety Science and EngineeringNanjing Tech University Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Yuan Yu
- College of Safety Science and EngineeringNanjing Tech University Nanjing 210009 China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Hazardous Chemicals Safety and ControlNanjing Tech University Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Qingwu Zhang
- College of Safety Science and EngineeringNanjing Tech University Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Zhiquan Chen
- College of Safety Science and EngineeringNanjing Tech University Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Juncheng Jiang
- College of Safety Science and EngineeringNanjing Tech University Nanjing 210009 China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Hazardous Chemicals Safety and ControlNanjing Tech University Nanjing 210009 China
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Wang G, Xu W, Chen R, Li W, Liu Y, Yang K. Synergistic effect between zeolitic imidazolate framework‐8 and expandable graphite to improve the flame retardancy and smoke suppression of polyurethane elastomer. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Guisong Wang
- School of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringAnhui Jianzhu University 292 Ziyun Road Hefei 230601 Anhui Province People's Republic of China
| | - Wenzong Xu
- School of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringAnhui Jianzhu University 292 Ziyun Road Hefei 230601 Anhui Province People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Chen
- School of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringAnhui Jianzhu University 292 Ziyun Road Hefei 230601 Anhui Province People's Republic of China
| | - Wu Li
- School of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringAnhui Jianzhu University 292 Ziyun Road Hefei 230601 Anhui Province People's Republic of China
| | - Yucheng Liu
- School of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringAnhui Jianzhu University 292 Ziyun Road Hefei 230601 Anhui Province People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Yang
- School of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringAnhui Jianzhu University 292 Ziyun Road Hefei 230601 Anhui Province People's Republic of China
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Jiao C, Jiang H, Chen X. Properties of fire agent integrated with molecular sieve and tetrafluoroborate ionic liquid in thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chuanmei Jiao
- College of Environment and Safety EngineeringQingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao P R China
| | - Huazhen Jiang
- College of Environment and Safety EngineeringQingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao P R China
| | - Xilei Chen
- College of Environment and Safety EngineeringQingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao P R China
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Sodium alginate-templated synthesis of g-C3N4/carbon spheres/Cu ternary nanohybrids for fire safety application. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 539:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.12.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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40
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Mu X, Zhan J, Wang J, Cai W, Yuan B, Song L, Hu Y. A novel and efficient strategy to exfoliation of covalent organic frameworks and a significant advantage of covalent organic frameworks nanosheets as polymer nano-enhancer: High interface compatibility. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 539:609-618. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.12.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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41
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Wang J, Zhang D, Zhang Y, Cai W, Yao C, Hu Y, Hu W. Construction of multifunctional boron nitride nanosheet towards reducing toxic volatiles (CO and HCN) generation and fire hazard of thermoplastic polyurethane. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 362:482-494. [PMID: 30296673 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Considerable toxic volatiles (CO and HCN) generation and high fire hazard has definitely compromised the application of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). Here, a novel functionalization strategy for bulky h-BN is adopted to obtain the multifunctional CPBN, aiming at the flame retardancy reinforcement of TPU. The multifunctional CPBN is successfully prepared via the wrapping of phytic acid doped polypyrrole shell, following with the adsorption of copper ions. The obviously decreased peak heat release rate, peak smoke production rate and total smoke production values, obtained from cone test, confirms the reduced fire hazard of TPU composite with CPBN. The dramatic suppressions on CO and HCN releases can also be observed from TG-IR test. Tensile test demonstrates that adding CPBN favors the reinforcement in mechanical property of TPU. Thus, the concurrent improvements in flame retardancy and mechanical performance are achieved by incorporating CPBN. This work opens up new avenues for the functionalization of h-BN, and thus facilitates its promising applications in polymer-matrix composite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Dichang Zhang
- Department of Physical Science, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Wei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Congxue Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yuan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Weizhao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
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Prasad D, Patil KN, Bhanushali JT, Nagaraja BM, Jadhav AH. Sustainable fixation of CO2 into epoxides to form cyclic carbonates using hollow marigold CuCo2O4 spinel microspheres as a robust catalyst. Catal Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cy00945k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The present work demonstrates the chemical fixation of CO2 for the synthesis of organic carbonates using mesoporous hollow marigold CuCo2O4 spinel microspheres as a catalyst prepared using the solvothermal method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Prasad
- Centre for Nano and Material Science
- JAIN University
- Bangalore 562112
- India
| | - Komal N. Patil
- Centre for Nano and Material Science
- JAIN University
- Bangalore 562112
- India
| | | | | | - Arvind H. Jadhav
- Centre for Nano and Material Science
- JAIN University
- Bangalore 562112
- India
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Zhi YR, Yu B, Yuen ACY, Liang J, Wang LQ, Yang W, Lu HD, Yeoh GH. Surface Manipulation of Thermal-Exfoliated Hexagonal Boron Nitride with Polyaniline for Improving Thermal Stability and Fire Safety Performance of Polymeric Materials. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:14942-14952. [PMID: 31458160 PMCID: PMC6643855 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b02316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
In this article, the polyaniline (PANI)/thermal-exfoliated hexagonal boron nitride (BNO) hierarchical structure (PANI-BNO) was constructed via in situ deposition to improve the dispersion and interfacial adhesion of boron nitride in multi-aromatic polystyrene (PS) and polar thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). Because of the conjugated structure and polar groups in PANI, the uniform dispersion and strong interfacial adhesion between PANI-BNO and PS and TPU were achieved. Thermogravimetric analysis results showed that the incorporation of PANI-BNO enhanced the thermal stability of PS and TPU, i.e., the temperatures at both 5 and 50 wt % mass loss. In addition, PANI with high charring ability also acted as a critical component to generate a synergistic effect with BNO on reducing the fire hazards of PS and TPU. This well-designed structure led to a remarkable reduction of flammable decomposed products and CO and CO2 yields. Meanwhile, a dramatic decrease in the real-time smoke density and total smoke production was observed for PS and TPU nanocomposites with 3 wt % PANI-BNO hybrids, respectively. The multiple synergistic effects (synergistic dispersion, char formation, and barrier effect) are believed to be the primary source for these enhanced properties of polymer nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Ran Zhi
- School
of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing Institute
of Technology, 1 Hongjing
Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211167, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Bin Yu
- Department
of Architecture and Civil Engineering, City
University of Hong Kong, 88 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
- E-mail: (B.Y.)
| | - Anthony Chun Yin Yuen
- School
of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Jing Liang
- School
of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Lin-Qiang Wang
- Department
of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Hefei
University, 99 Jinxiu Avenue, Hefei, Anhui 230601, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Wei Yang
- School
of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Department
of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Hefei
University, 99 Jinxiu Avenue, Hefei, Anhui 230601, People’s
Republic of China
- E-mail: (W.Y.)
| | - Hong-Dian Lu
- Department
of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Hefei
University, 99 Jinxiu Avenue, Hefei, Anhui 230601, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Guan-Heng Yeoh
- School
of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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Wang J, Ma C, Mu X, Cai W, Liu L, Zhou X, Hu W, Hu Y. Construction of multifunctional MoSe 2 hybrid towards the simultaneous improvements in fire safety and mechanical property of polymer. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2018; 352:36-46. [PMID: 29571027 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Organic modification of MoSe2 sheets is firstly achieved by Atherton-Todd reaction, aiming at the acquisition of multifunctional MoSe2 hybrid. Simultaneous enhancements in fire safety and mechanical property of thermalplastic polyurethane (TPU) are obtained with the presence of this hybrid. Strong interfacial interactions between the functionalized MoSe2 sheets and TPU can be obtained, making more efficient load transfer from the weak polymer chains to the robust sheets. Besides, more coherent barrier network may be formed in polymer matrix, restraining the diffusion of decomposed fragments and reducing the supply for combustion fuel. Consequently, the decreases in heat release are observed for polymer composites. Notably, the releases of toxic gases, such as HCN and CO, are also suppressed by this barrier network, resulting in the reductions in fire toxicity. This work may open a new door for the functionalization of MoSe2 sheets and evoke significant developments in its promising applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Chao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xiaowei Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Wei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Longxiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xia Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Weizhao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
| | - Yuan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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45
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Hai Y, Jiang S, Qian X, Zhang S, Sun P, Xie B, Hong N. Ultrathin Beta-Nickel hydroxide nanosheets grown along multi-walled carbon nanotubes: A novel nanohybrid for enhancing flame retardancy and smoke toxicity suppression of unsaturated polyester resin. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 509:285-297. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Hypophosphite/Graphitic Carbon Nitride Hybrids: Preparation and Flame-Retardant Application in Thermoplastic Polyurethane. NANOMATERIALS 2017; 7:nano7090259. [PMID: 28872606 PMCID: PMC5618370 DOI: 10.3390/nano7090259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A series of aluminum hypophosphite (AHPi)/graphite-like carbon nitride (g-C3N4) (designated as CAHPi) hybrids were prepared, followed by incorporation into thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). The introduction of CAHPi hybrids into TPU led to a marked reduction in the peak of the heat release rate (pHRR), total heat release, weight loss rate, smoke production rate and total smoke production (TSP). For instance, pHRR and TSP decreased by 40% and 50% for TPU/CAHPi20. Furthermore, the increasing fire growth index and decreasing fire performance index were obtained for TPU/CAHPi systems, suggesting reduced fire hazards. It was found that improved fire safety of TPU nanocomposites was contributed by condensed phase and gas phase mechanisms. On one hand, g-C3N4 accelerated the thermal decomposition of AHPi for the formation of more char layers. On the other hand, g-C3N4 induced AHPi to generate more free radical capture agents when exposed to flame, besides protecting AHPi against thermal oxidation.
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Zhang D, Zhang G, Wang Q, Zhang L. Dual-functional catalytic materials: Magnetically hollow porous Ni-manganese oxides microspheres/cotton cellulose fiber. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2017.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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48
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Shi Y, Yu B, Duan L, Gui Z, Wang B, Hu Y, Yuen RKK. Graphitic carbon nitride/phosphorus-rich aluminum phosphinates hybrids as smoke suppressants and flame retardants for polystyrene. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 332:87-96. [PMID: 28285110 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Graphitic carbon nitride/organic aluminum hypophosphites (g-C3N4/OAHPi) hybrids, i.e., CPDCPAHPi and CBPODAHPi, were synthesized by esterification and salification reactions, and then incorporated into polystyrene (PS) to prepare composites through a melt blending method. Structure and morphology characterizations demonstrated the successful synthesis of PDCPAHPi, BPODAHPi and their hybrids. The g-C3N4 protected OAHPi from external heat and thus improved the thermal stability of OAHPi. Combining g-C3N4 with OAHPi contributed to reduction in peak of heat release rate, total heat release and smoke production rate of PS matrix. Reduced smoke released has also been demonstrated by smoke density chamber testing. Additionally, introduction of the hybrids led to decreased release of flammable aromatic compounds. These properties improvement could be attributed to gas phase action and physical barrier effect in condensed phase: phosphorus-containing low-energy radicals generated from OAHPi effectively captured high-energy free-radicals evolved from PS; g-C3N4 nanosheets retarded the permeation of heat and the escape of volatile degradation products. Therefore, g-C3N4/OAHPi hybrids will provide a potential strategy to reduce the fire hazards of PS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqian Shi
- College of Environment and Resources, Fuzhou University, 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou, 350002, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, 230026, PR China.
| | - Bin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, 230026, PR China; Nanotechnology Centre, Institute of Textiles & Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Lijin Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, 230026, PR China
| | - Zhou Gui
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, 230026, PR China
| | - Bibo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, 230026, PR China
| | - Yuan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, 230026, PR China.
| | - Richard K K Yuen
- Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, City University of Hong Kong,Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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50
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Jiao C, Wang H, Zhang Z, Chen X. Preparation and properties of an efficient smoke suppressant and flame-retardant agent for thermoplastic polyurethane. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chuanmei Jiao
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering; Qingdao University of Science and Technology; Qingdao Shandong 266042 PR China
| | - Hongzhi Wang
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering; Qingdao University of Science and Technology; Qingdao Shandong 266042 PR China
| | - Zuobin Zhang
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering; Qingdao University of Science and Technology; Qingdao Shandong 266042 PR China
| | - Xilei Chen
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering; Qingdao University of Science and Technology; Qingdao Shandong 266042 PR China
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