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Yang W, Long C, Xie C, Lu J, Wang X, Zhang C, Zhang L, Chen S, Sun Y. Spatial and temporal change of tetrabromobisphenol A and hexabromocyclododecane in mangrove sediments from the Pearl River Estuary, South China. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 194:115399. [PMID: 37573817 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Spatial and temporal trends of tetrabromobisphenol (TBBPA) and hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) in mangrove sediments from the Pearl River Estuary (PRE) in South China were evaluated. Concentrations of TBBPA and HBCD in mangrove sediments ranged from 0.23 to 13.3 and 0.36 to 54.7 ng g-1 dry weight. The highest TBBPA concentration was seen in Guangzhou mangrove wetland near a dockyard and a ferry terminal where TBBPA is utilized in the coatings for the shipbuilding industry. The rapid development of building might elucidate the higher concentrations of HBCD in Shenzhen mangrove sediments. γ-HBCD and α-HBCD was the two main diastereoisomer of HBCD in mangrove sediments with contributions of 56.1 % and 34.0 %. Sediments from the three PRE mangrove ecosystems were selectively enriched for (-)-γ-HBCD. TBBPA concentrations in mangrove sediments from Guangzhou rose during 2012-2015 and declined from 2015 to 2021. HBCD concentrations in the PRE mangrove sediments exhibited an increasing trend from 2012 to 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyan Yang
- Research Center of Harmful Algae and Marine Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Chuyue Long
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Theoretical Chemistry, School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Chenmin Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Theoretical Chemistry, School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Jiaxun Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Theoretical Chemistry, School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Research Center of Harmful Algae and Marine Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Canchuan Zhang
- South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Li Zhang
- South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Shejun Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Theoretical Chemistry, School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuxin Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Theoretical Chemistry, School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Li T, Lu Y, Liu L, He Y, Huang J, Peng X. Efficient degradation of hexabromocyclododecane using montmorillonite supported nano-zero-valent iron and Citrobacter sp. Y3. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 457:131739. [PMID: 37269562 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The coupling of modified nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) with organohalide-degrading bacteria provides a promising solution for the remediation of hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD)-contaminated environments. However, the interactions between modified nZVI and dehalogenase bacteria are intricate, and the mechanisms of synergistic action and electron transfer are not clear, and requires further specific investigation. In this study, HBCD was used as a model pollutant, and stable isotope analysis revealed that organic montmorillonite (OMt)-supported nZVI coupled with the degrading bacterial strain Citrobacter sp. Y3 (nZVI/OMt-Y3) can use [13C]HBCD as the sole carbon source and degrade or even mineralise it into 13CO2 with a maximum conversion rate of 100% within approximately 5 days. Analysis of the intermediates showed that the degradation of HBCD mainly involves three different pathways: dehydrobromination, hydroxylation, and debromination. The proteomics results showed that nZVI introduction promoted the transport of electrons and debromination. Combining the results from XPS, FTIR, and Raman spectroscopy with the analysis results of proteinomics and biodegradation products, we verified the process of electron transport and proposed a metabolic mechanism of HBCD degradation by the nZVI/OMt-Y3. Moreover, this study provides insightful avenues and models for the further remediation of HBCD and other similar pollutants in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yingyuan Lu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lei Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuzhe He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jingfei Huang
- College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 15 Shangxiadian Road, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Xingxing Peng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou 510275, China.
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Pan YF, Liu S, Li HX, Lin L, Hou R, Cheng YY, Xu XR. Expanded polystyrene buoys as an important source of hexabromocyclododecanes for aquatic ecosystem: Evidence from field exposure with different substrates. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 318:120920. [PMID: 36565907 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The production and use of hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs) have been strictly limited due to their persistence, toxicity and bioaccumulation. However, the release of HBCDs from related products and wastes would continue for a long time, which may cause many environmental problems. In this study, we investigated the occurrence and distribution of HBCDs and microplastics (MPs) in aquatic organisms inhabiting different substrates. HBCDs were measurable in the seawater, sediment, expanded polystyrene (EPS) substrates and organism samples. Mostly, the concentrations of HBCDs in organisms inhabiting EPS buoys were significantly higher than those of the same species inhabiting other substrates. Meanwhile, the diastereomeric ratio (α/γ) of HBCDs in organisms inhabiting EPS buoys was closer to that in EPS buoys. The fugacity values of HBCDs in EPS buoys were much higher than those in other media, implying that HBCDs can be transferred from EPS buoys to other media. Additionally, MPs derived from EPS buoys would be mistaken as food and ingested by aquatic organisms. The transfer of HBCDs from EPS buoys to aquatic organisms can be achieved by aqueous and dietary exposures. In combination, the contribution of MP ingestion to HBCDs for aquatic organisms should be very limited. These results supported EPS buoys as an important source of HBCDs for the aquatic ecosystem. To effectively control HBCDs pollution, it is necessary to discontinue or reduce the use of EPS buoys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Feng Pan
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 511458, China
| | - Heng-Xiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 511458, China
| | - Lang Lin
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Rui Hou
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Yuan-Yue Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Xiang-Rong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 511458, China.
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Pan YF, Liu S, Tian F, Chen HG, Xu XR. Tetrabromobisphenol A and hexabromocyclododecanes in sediments from fishing ports along the coast of South China: Occurrence, distribution and ecological risk. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 302:134872. [PMID: 35537630 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDDs) have attracted extensive attention due to their strong persistence and toxicity. However, little has been known about their pollution status in fishing ports, which are typical sinks of land-sourced pollutants. In this study, we investigated the occurrence, distribution and ecological risk of TBBPA and HBCDDs in sediments from fishing ports along the coast of South China. The concentrations of TBBPA and ΣHBCDD (sum of α-, β-, and γ-HBCDD) in the fishing-port sediments were in the ranges of 0.02-21.5 ng/g dw and 1.06-14.1 ng/g dw, respectively. γ-HBCDD was the predominant diastereoisomer in most fishing-port sediments. The enantiomeric analysis indicated a preferential enrichment of (-)-enantiomers for α-, β-, and γ-HBCDD. The geographical location of fishing ports is a significant determinant of distribution for TBBPA and HBBCDs. The concentrations of TBBPA and HBCDDs in fishing-port sediments were strongly associated with local population density, but weakly correlated with total organic carbon content of the sediment. The mass inventories of TBBPA and ΣHBCDD were estimated to be 77.0 ng/cm2 and 141 ng/cm2, respectively. The ecological risk assessment demonstrated that TBBPA and HBCDDs in fishing-port sediments exhibited low risks to marine organisms. This study contributes to the understanding pollution situation of fishing ports, and provides a reference for environmental safety assessment and environmental pollution control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Feng Pan
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 511458, China.
| | - Fei Tian
- Scientific Observation and Research Field Station of Pearl River Estuary Ecosystem, Guangdong Province, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Guangzhou, 510300, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of South China Sea Fishery Resource and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, 510300, China
| | - Hai-Gang Chen
- Scientific Observation and Research Field Station of Pearl River Estuary Ecosystem, Guangdong Province, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Guangzhou, 510300, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of South China Sea Fishery Resource and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, 510300, China
| | - Xiang-Rong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 511458, China.
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Park K, Kwak TS, Kwak IS. Integrated analysis of exoskeletal surface profile and chitin-related gene expression on Macrophthalmus japonicus mud crabs exposed to hexabromocyclododecane. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 257:109331. [PMID: 35346851 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2022.109331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs), widely used brominated flame retardants, easily accumulate in aquatic organisms such as Macrophthalmus japonicus crabs, which inhabit tidal flat sediments. To analyze the effects of HBCD exposure in chitin-formed exoskeleton, we investigated molecular responses of chitin-related genes as well as physical changes of the exoskeletal surface form as a new biological end-point on M. japonicus. The expression patterns of chitin biosynthesis-, modification-, and degradation-related genes in the gills and hepatopancreases of M. japonicus were also analyzed. Additionally, the survivability and exoskeleton surface profiles of M. japonicus crabs were evaluated. M. japonicus chitin synthase expression was significantly downregulated, whereas that of the chitinase transcript was significantly upregulated upon exposure to all HBCD concentrations on day 7. Contrastingly, the gene expression of chitin deacetylase 1 significantly increased upon exposure to all HBCD concentrations on day 1, and this increase was significantly elevated on day 4. The expression of chitin deacetylase 1 was dose-dependent. Additionally, decreased survival and exoskeleton surface profile changes were observed in M. japonicus crabs exposed to all HBCD concentrations. These results suggest that exposure to HBCD induces changes in the synthesis, modification, and degradation of chitin, a pivotal component of the cuticular exoskeleton, and may disrupt the exoskeletal surface structure in M. japonicus crabs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyun Park
- Fisheries Science Institute, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, South Korea
| | - Tae-Soo Kwak
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Gyeongsang National University, Gyeongnam 52725, South Korea
| | - Ihn-Sil Kwak
- Fisheries Science Institute, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, South Korea; Department of Ocean Integrated Science, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, South Korea.
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Rapid determination of hexabromocyclododecane enantiomers in animal meat by matrix solid phase dispersion coupled with LC-MS/MS. Food Chem 2022; 394:133405. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Tavoloni T, Stecconi T, Galarini R, Bacchiocchi S, Dörr AJM, Elia AC, Giannotti M, Siracusa M, Stramenga A, Piersanti A. BFRs (PBDEs and HBCDs) in freshwater species from Lake Trasimeno (Italy): The singular case of HBCDs in red swamp crayfish. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 758:143585. [PMID: 33213903 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Eighty-six samples belonging to five different species (crucian carp, Carassius carassius; European perch, Perca fluviatilis; tench, Tinca tinca; eel, Anguilla anguilla; red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii) collected from Lake Trasimeno (Italy) were analyzed to assess polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs) contamination. The Trasimeno is the largest Italian peninsular lake located in Umbria (Central Italy), in a rural area with low anthropogenic impact. All the samples were analyzed by an in-house developed analytical procedure involving a single sample preparation with dual detection: Gas- and Liquid-Chromatography coupled to tandem Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS/MS for PBDEs and LC-MS/MS for HBCDs). BFRs levels in crucian carp, tench and European perch were negligible and mostly below quantification limits (LOQs). In eel, the species with the higher fat content, PBDE sum (15 congeners) ranged from 0.269 to 0.916 ng/g w.w. BDE-47, -100 and -154 accounted for roughly 57%, 16% and 11% of the PBDE sum, respectively, while BDE-99 (usually one of the most abundant congeners in biota), only for 3%. HBCDs (sum of α-, β-, γ-isomers) were found between 0.157 and 1.14 ng/g w.w. with α- as predominant isomer (92% of the sum), followed by γ- (5%) and β- (2%). Peculiar was the contamination in red swamp crayfish characterized by negligible PBDEs and very high HBCDs levels with a singular contamination pattern. In female pools (n = 9) the mean HBCDs sum was 0.150 ng/g w.w., while in males higher concentrations were measured (mean = 2.77 ng/g w.w.). A significant correlation seems to exist between the contamination level and the seasonal cycle only in male crayfish. Interestingly, among the HBCDs, the γ-isomer was the highest (67% of the total) while α- contributes only for 20%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Tavoloni
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche "Togo Rosati", Via Cupa di Posatora 3, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Tommaso Stecconi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche "Togo Rosati", Via Cupa di Posatora 3, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Roberta Galarini
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche "Togo Rosati", Via G. Salvemini 1, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Simone Bacchiocchi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche "Togo Rosati", Via Cupa di Posatora 3, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
| | | | - Antonia Concetta Elia
- University of Perugia, Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, 06123 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Massimiliano Giannotti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche "Togo Rosati", Via Cupa di Posatora 3, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Melania Siracusa
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche "Togo Rosati", Via Cupa di Posatora 3, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Arianna Stramenga
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche "Togo Rosati", Via Cupa di Posatora 3, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Arianna Piersanti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche "Togo Rosati", Via Cupa di Posatora 3, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
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De-la-Torre GE, Dioses-Salinas DC, Pizarro-Ortega CI, Saldaña-Serrano M. Global distribution of two polystyrene-derived contaminants in the marine environment: A review. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 161:111729. [PMID: 33039793 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Plastic pollution is one of the major issues impacting on the marine environment. Plastic polymers are known to leach industrial chemicals and associated contaminants. In this review, we focused on assessing the global distribution and concentration of two polystyrene-derived contaminants, hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs) and styrene oligomers (SOs), in marine sediments and seawater. Overall, most of the studies were carried out in Asia, North America, and Europe. Relatively high concentrations of these contaminants are generally attributed to the proximity of urban cities, plastic industries, polystyrene pollution, and aquaculture. Moreover, the concentrations in sediments are many times higher than in seawater. HBCDs were found to be a negligible risk to marine biota when compared to the ecotoxicological endpoints. However, realistic concentrations of SOs could compromise the wellbeing of certain species in highly polluted sites. The future perspectives and research were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Miguel Saldaña-Serrano
- Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Av. La Fontana 501, Lima 12, Peru; Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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Lee S, Choo G, Ekpe OD, Kim J, Oh JE. Short-chain chlorinated paraffins in various foods from Republic of Korea: Levels, congener patterns, and human dietary exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 263:114520. [PMID: 32283402 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Short-chain chlorinated paraffin (SCCP) concentrations in 419 food samples (from 59 species) from Republic of Korea were determined. The SCCP concentrations and lipid contents in whole foods positively correlated and the highest SCCP concentration (891 ng/g wet weight) was observed in fats and oils. The SCCP concentrations were higher in benthic fish/shellfish and demersal fish than other fish and shellfish. The SCCP concentrations were higher in duck meat and eggs than meat and eggs of other species. The chlorine-based congener group patterns were related to the lipid contents of the foods. SCCPs in eggs (high lipid content) were dominated by more-chlorinated SCCPs (particularly Cl8-SCCPs, which contributed 43% of the total) but SCCPs in seaweed (low lipid content) were dominated by less-chlorinated SCCPs (particularly Cl6-SCCPs, which contributed 46%). Dietary SCCP intakes were calculated using the median SCCP concentrations and estimated 888 and 781 ng/kg/d for male and female Korean adults, respectively. The predominant contributing foods to SCCP dietary exposure differed according to sex and age. Dairy products contributed most (about 50%) for infants/children (1-5 y old), but meat and dairy products contributed most for adult males and females, respectively. Grain contributed most for ≥65 y old.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumin Lee
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyojin Choo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Okon Dominic Ekpe
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongchul Kim
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Cheongam-ro 77, Nam-gu, Pohang, Kyungbuk, 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Eun Oh
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
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Chessa G, Cossu M, Fiori G, Ledda G, Piras P, Sanna A, Brambilla G. Occurrence of hexabromocyclododecanes and tetrabromobisphenol A in fish and seafood from the sea of Sardinia - FAO 37.1.3 area: Their impact on human health within the European Union marine framework strategy directive. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 228:249-257. [PMID: 31035162 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.04.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Levels of hexabromocyclododecane isomers α, β, γ, (HBCDDs) and tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBP-A) were determined in 24 representative samples of different wild fish and seafood species (benthic: N = 16; pelagic: N = 8) and 16 samples of farmed bivalve molluscs from the West Mediterranean Sea (FAO 37, 1.3 sub-area). An LC-MS/MS-based method with limits of quantification (LOQS) in the range of 0.01-0.05 ng g-1 fresh weight (fw) was utilized. While α HBCDD was found in 80% of the 24 wild species samples, β and γ congeners were found in 33% and 25%, respectively. ΣHBCDD content ranged from 0.03 (Aristeus antennatus) to 0.68 (Sardina pilchardus) ng g-1 fw as Upper Bound values across 2.00-4.46 trophic levels. In farmed molluscs, HBCDD congeners were always present and ranged from 0.22-0.52 ng g-1 fw, with the exception of one farm (1.23-2.06 ng g-1 fw), whose values suggest the presence of a regular emission source. TBBP-A levels always fell below the LOQ of 0.05 ng g-1 fw in all samples. The results are in good agreement with results of previous studies from the Mediterranean Sea. The Environmental Quality Standard for human health from fish and seafood local consumption was set at 165 μg g-1 fw. The Margin of Exposure of 490,020 as the ratio between the considered Health Based Guidance Level of 0.79 mg kg-1 body weight and the geo-referenced HBCDD intake (P95 fish and seafood intake; mean ΣHBCDD contamination) indicates no threat to food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giannina Chessa
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna, Environmental Chemistry Unit, Via Vienna 2, I-07100, Sassari Italy
| | - Maurizio Cossu
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna, Environmental Chemistry Unit, Via Vienna 2, I-07100, Sassari Italy
| | - Gianuario Fiori
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna, Environmental Chemistry Unit, Via Vienna 2, I-07100, Sassari Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ledda
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna, Environmental Chemistry Unit, Via Vienna 2, I-07100, Sassari Italy
| | - Patrizia Piras
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna, Environmental Chemistry Unit, Via Vienna 2, I-07100, Sassari Italy
| | - Andrea Sanna
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna, Environmental Chemistry Unit, Via Vienna 2, I-07100, Sassari Italy
| | - Gianfranco Brambilla
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Food Safety, Nutrition, and Veterinary Public Health Dept, Viale Regina Elena 299, I-00161, Rome Italy.
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Wang W, Choo G, Cho HS, Park K, Shin YJ, Oh JE. The occurrence and distribution of hexabromocyclododecanes in freshwater systems, focusing on tissue-specific bioaccumulation in crucian carp. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 635:470-478. [PMID: 29677672 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence and distribution of hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs) were investigated in freshwater, sediment, and selected crucian carp (Carassius carassius) tissues (muscle, liver, egg, and blood) to evaluate the potential for HBCDs bioaccumulation. The HBCDs concentration ranged from not detected to 0.35ng/L in freshwater, and from 0.037 to 35.4ng/g-dw in sediment. The highest HBCDs concentration was detected in crucian carp liver (5.14±8.15ng/g-ww), followed by egg (3.88±10.1ng/g-ww), blood (0.61±0.63ng/mL), and muscle (0.38±0.70ng/g-ww). In all crucian carp tissues, α-HBCD was the predominant stereoisomer, and the fraction of α-HBCD as a proportion of the total HBCDs in liver tissue (96%) was higher than that in egg tissue (79%). There was a positive correlation between the HBCDs concentration in crucian carp muscle and body size (p<0.01, Spearman). The biota-sediment accumulation factor (BSAF) (0.14) and bioconcentration factor (BCF) (137,000L/kg) values were estimated in crucian carp muscle using field-based data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, San 30, Jangjeon-dong, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyojin Choo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, San 30, Jangjeon-dong, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon-Seo Cho
- College of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 550-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyunghwa Park
- National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Jin Shin
- National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Eun Oh
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, San 30, Jangjeon-dong, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Zhang Y, Lu Y, Wang P, Shi Y. Biomagnification of Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) in a coastal ecosystem near a large producer in China: Human exposure implication through food web transfer. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 624:1213-1220. [PMID: 29929234 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) is a widely used brominated flame retardant which is mainly produced in China. Many HBCD facilities are located at the coast and the released HBCD may enter into the coastal ecosystem. There is a risk that HBCD can transfer through the food web to the diet of local population. Therefore, the coastal organisms near one of the biggest HBCD facilities in China were investigated. Variation was observed for the bioaccumulation of HBCD between the detrital food chain and the grazing food chain. In the studied species, the mullet was most contaminated which may be caused by its feeding on detritus. At the same time, the transfer of HBCD along the food web was investigated, and HBCD was biomagnified from the prey to the predator in the grazing food chains. Among the three diastereoisomers, α-HBCD was biomagnified with increasing trophic levels in the food web while β- and γ-HBCD were not. To assess the human dietary exposure, the dietary intake of HBCD from seafood was estimated, and the estimated daily intake (EDI) was 5.22ng/kg/day for adults, and 16.39ng/kg/day for children. The EDI for local residents were tens of times higher than that for general population in China, but the risk through dietary intake was very low in terms of existing reference dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yonglong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Pei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yajuan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
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13
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Zacs D, Rjabova J, Ikkere LE, Bavrins K, Bartkevics V. Brominated flame retardants and toxic elements in the meat and liver of red deer (Cervus elaphus), wild boar (Sus scrofa), and moose (Alces alces) from Latvian wildlife. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 621:308-316. [PMID: 29202283 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In order to evaluate the contamination status of terrestrial biota in Latvia, muscle and liver tissues of red deer (Cervus elaphus), wild boar (Sus scrofa), and moose (Alces alces) were analyzed for the content of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE), hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD), tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), as well as cadmium and lead. The highest mean concentrations of PBDEs (46.6pgg-1 wet weight (w.w.)), cadmium (0.95mgkg-1 w.w.), and lead (0.22mgkg-1 w.w.) were observed in the tissues of moose, while the wild boar samples contained the highest levels of HBCD, with the mean concentration equal to 264pgg-1 w.w. in muscle tissues. Generally low mean concentrations of TBBPA from 0.52 to 4.54pgg-1 w.w. were observed. The liver tissue of all analyzed specimens was found to contain higher concentrations of contaminants, compared to muscle tissue. The congener profile of PBDEs in the analyzed tissues indicated that the recently used "penta-BDE" formulation was a probable source, while components of HBCD, "octa-BDE", and "deca-BDE" technical mixtures are likely to undergo congener-specific or diastereomer-specific bioaccumulation or metabolic degradation. Considering the reports from other regions, it can be concluded that the terrestrial biota in Latvia is less affected by the studied contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Zacs
- Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment "BIOR", Lejupes iela 3, Riga LV-1076, Latvia.
| | - J Rjabova
- Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment "BIOR", Lejupes iela 3, Riga LV-1076, Latvia; University of Latvia, Department of Chemistry, Jelgavas iela 1, Riga LV-1004, Latvia
| | - L E Ikkere
- Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment "BIOR", Lejupes iela 3, Riga LV-1076, Latvia
| | - K Bavrins
- Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment "BIOR", Lejupes iela 3, Riga LV-1076, Latvia
| | - V Bartkevics
- Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment "BIOR", Lejupes iela 3, Riga LV-1076, Latvia; University of Latvia, Department of Chemistry, Jelgavas iela 1, Riga LV-1004, Latvia
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14
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Gu SY, Ekpeghere KI, Kim HY, Lee IS, Kim DH, Choo G, Oh JE. Brominated flame retardants in marine environment focused on aquaculture area: Occurrence, source and bioaccumulation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 601-602:1182-1191. [PMID: 28605836 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.05.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Brominated flame retardants (BFRs), including polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), and hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs), were investigated in bivalve (i.e., oyster (Crassostrea gigas) and mussel (Mytilus coruscus)), sediment, and seawater samples collected from aquaculture areas in South Korea to identify their occurrence, sources, and bioaccumulation. Among the studied chemicals, HBCDs predominated in bivalves and sediment, with concentrations of ND-67.52ng/g lipid weight and 3.47-168ng/g dry weight, respectively, while TBBPA was the highest contributor in seawater (ND-2.79ng/L). Compared with a non-aquaculture area, HBCD and PBDE concentrations were significantly higher in all matrices in the aquaculture area (Mann-Whitney U test, p<0.05), suggesting that sources may be located near or associated with the aquaculture areas, such as industrial complexes and expanded polystyrene buoys. Finally, the bioconcentration factor (BCF) and biota-sediment accumulation factor (BSAF) were estimated. Among the studied BFRs, BDE-47 (BCF: 1.70×106L/kg; BSAF: 20.92) and α-HBCD (BCF: 1.05×106L/kg; BSAF: 0.13) showed the highest accumulation potentials in bivalves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo-Yeon Gu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Kalu Ibe Ekpeghere
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Young Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Seok Lee
- Marine Environment Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science (NIFS), 216, Gijanghaean-ro, Gijang-eup, Gijang-gun, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Hye Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyojin Choo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Eun Oh
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Jo H, Son MH, Seo SH, Chang YS. Matrix-specific distribution and diastereomeric profiles of hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) in a multimedia environment: Air, soil, sludge, sediment, and fish. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 226:515-522. [PMID: 28495472 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.04.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) contamination and its diastereomeric profile were investigated in a multi-media environment along a river at the local scale in air, soil, sludge, sediment, and fish samples. The spatial distribution of HBCD in each matrix showed a different result. The highest concentrations of HBCD in air and soil were detected near a general industrial complex; in the sediment and sludge samples, they were detected in the down-stream region (i.e., urban area). Each matrix showed the specific distribution patterns of HBCD diastereomers, suggesting continuous inputs of contaminants, different physicochemical properties, or isomerizations. The particle phases in air, sludge, and fish matrices were dominated by α-HBCD, owing to HBCD's various isomerization processes and different degradation rate in the environment, and metabolic capabilities of the fish; in contrast, the sediment and soil matrices were dominated by γ-HBCD because of the major composition of the technical mixtures and the strong adsorption onto solid particles. Based on these results, the prevalent and matrix-specific distribution of HBCD diastereomers suggested that more careful consideration should be given to the characteristics of the matrices and their effects on the potential influence of HBCD at the diastereomeric level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeyeong Jo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Hui Son
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hee Seo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Seok Chang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Hong H, Lv D, Liu W, Huang L, Chen L, Shen R, Shi D. Toxicity and bioaccumulation of three hexabromocyclododecane diastereoisomers in the marine copepod Tigriopus japonicas. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 188:1-9. [PMID: 28437657 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The three major hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) diastereoisomers, i.e. α-, β- and γ-HBCD, have distinct physical and chemical properties that may potentially result in different levels of bioaccumulation and toxicity in aquatic organisms. To assess the impact of diastereomeric variation in HBCDs, the marine copepod Tigriopus japonicus was exposed to α-, β- and γ-HBCD in isolation. Results showed that all the three diastereoisomers had a similar potency to cause growth delay in T. japonicas. Variation was observed in the overall survival rate with exposure to α- and β-HBCD, and this resulted in significantly higher lethal toxicity in T. japonicas than that with exposure to γ-HBCD. Exposure to α-, β- and γ-HBCD led to the generation of ROS in T. japonicas, a possibly toxic mechanism. Both α- and β-HBCD showed a higher potential to induce oxidative stress, which may be a factor in the higher lethal toxicity observed with α- and β-HBCD exposure. It is of note that T. japonicus was found to be more sensitive to all three diastereoisomers in the F1 generation than in the F0 generation. The bioconcentration potential of HBCD diastereoisomers can be ranked in the order α-HBCD>γ-HBCD>β-HBCD and was found to be higher in T. japonicus than has been reported for fish species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haizheng Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; Center for Marine Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Dongmei Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Wanxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Lingming Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Leyun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Rong Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Dalin Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
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17
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Penicaud V, Lacoue-Labarthe T, Bustamante P. Metal bioaccumulation and detoxification processes in cephalopods: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 155:123-133. [PMID: 28214715 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, cephalopods have been shown to have very high capacities to accumulate most trace elements, regardless of whether they are essential (e.g., Cu and Zn) or non-essential (e.g., Ag and Cd). Among the different pathways of exposure to trace elements, the trophic pathway appears to be the major route of assimilation for numerous metals, including Cd, Co, Hg and Zn. Once assimilated, trace elements are distributed in the organism, accumulating in storage organs. The digestive gland is the main organ in which many trace elements accumulate, whichever of the exposure pathway. For example, this organ can present Cd concentrations reaching hundreds to thousands of ppm for some species, even though the digestive gland represents only a small proportion of the total mass of the animal. Such a specific organotropism towards the digestive gland of both essential and non-essential elements, regardless of the exposure pathway, poses the question of the detoxification processes evolved by cephalopods in order to sustain these high concentrations. This paper reviews the current knowledge on the bioaccumulation of trace elements in cephalopods, the differences in pharmaco-dynamics between organs and tissues, and the detoxification processes they use to counteract trace element toxicity. A peculiar focus has been done on the bioaccumulation within the digestive gland by investigating the subcellular locations of trace elements and their protein ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Penicaud
- Littoral Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), UMR 7266 CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, 17000 La Rochelle, France
| | - Thomas Lacoue-Labarthe
- Littoral Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), UMR 7266 CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, 17000 La Rochelle, France.
| | - Paco Bustamante
- Littoral Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), UMR 7266 CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, 17000 La Rochelle, France
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18
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Le TT, Son MH, Nam IH, Yoon H, Kang YG, Chang YS. Transformation of hexabromocyclododecane in contaminated soil in association with microbial diversity. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 325:82-89. [PMID: 27915102 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.11.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 11/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the transformation of 1,2,5,6,9,10-hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) in soil under various conditions. Under anaerobic conditions for 21days, 34% of the total HBCD was reduced from rhizosphere soil containing humic acid, and 35% of the total HBCD was reduced from the non-rhizosphere soil; under aerobic conditions, 29% and 57-60% of the total HBCD were reduced from the same soil types after 40days. Three HBCD isomers (α-, β-, and γ-HBCD) were separately analyzed for their isomeric effects on transformation. In the soils with added glucose as a carbon and energy source, the fraction of γ-HBCD was reduced due to the blooming microbial activity. The population of Gram-positive bacteria decreased during the aerobic treatments of HBCD, whereas the population of several Gram-negative bacteria (e.g., Brassia rhizosphere, Sphingomonas sp.) increased. Humic acid and glucose increased the HBCD removal efficiency and microbial diversity in both rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thao Thanh Le
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Hui Son
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Huyn Nam
- Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM), Daejeon 34132, Republic of Korea
| | - Hakwon Yoon
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Gyeong Kang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Seok Chang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea.
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19
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Zhu H, Zhang K, Sun H, Wang F, Yao Y. Spatial and temporal distributions of hexabromocyclododecanes in the vicinity of an expanded polystyrene material manufacturing plant in Tianjin, China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 222:338-347. [PMID: 28069369 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the environmental fate of 3 main hexabromocyclododecane diastereoisomers (α-, β-, and γ-HBCDs), samples from various environmental media, including outdoor settled dust, soil, sediment, plant tissues (holly, cypress and pine) and marine species (shrimp, crab and fish) were obtained around an expanded polystyrene material manufacturing plant in Tianjin, China. The 3 main HBCD diastereoisomers were detected with the total concentrations ranging from 328 to 31,752 ng/g dry weight (dw), 2.91-1730 ng/g dw, 23.5-716 ng/g dw, 3.45-2494 ng/g dw, and 0.878-44.8 ng/g dw in the dust, soil, sediment, plant tissues, and marine species, respectively. This indicated that a point source of HBCDs could bring wide impact on its vicinal environment. A significant increasing trend of HBCDs concentrations was noted, as indicated by 12.9-41.6% of increasing rates in total concentrations of HBCDs at four sediment sites in the past five years. The diastereoisomer profiles were sorted into 3 groups: dust, soil and sediment, which had no statistical difference from commercial EPS-products (p > 0.05); plant tissues, which showed a moderate increase of α-isomer (22.9 ± 3.3%); and marine species, which were dominated by α-isomer (62.6 ± 2.8%). For α- and β-isomers, the results of enantiomeric analysis showed a preferential accumulation of the (+)-enantiomer in part of plant tissues and all marine organisms (p < 0.05). However, there was no enantioselectivity of the 3 isomers in dust, soil, and sediment samples (p > 0.05). Besides, marine food web magnification is observed for HBCDs, with trophic magnification factors close to 2. The daily intakes of HBCDs were estimated to be 0.058-5.84 ng/kg-bw/day for local residents through dust and soil ingestion and 0.048-8.43 ng/kg-bw/day for Tianjin citizens through seafood consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongkai Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Hongwen Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Fei Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yiming Yao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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20
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Shi D, Lv D, Liu W, Shen R, Li D, Hong H. Accumulation and developmental toxicity of hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs) on the marine copepod Tigriopus japonicus. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 167:155-162. [PMID: 27718427 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.09.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The brominated flame retardants hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs) are ubiquitous environmental contaminants, widely distributed in aquatic systems including the marine environment and marine organisms. HBCDs are toxic to the development of both freshwater and marine fish. However, the impacts of HBCDs on marine invertebrates are not well known. In this study, the marine copepod, Tigriopus japonicus, was used to assess the bioaccumulation and developmental toxicity of technical HBCD (tHBCD) through water-borne exposure. The uptake rate constant of tHBCD by T. japonicus was high, which resulted in high bioaccumulation potential. The bioconcentration factors of tHBCD were 8.73 × 104 and 6.34 × 104 L kg-1 in T. japonicus, calculated using the kinetic and steady-state methods, respectively. Exposure of T. japonicus nauplii to tHBCD caused significant growth delay. The lowest-observable-effect-concentrations of tHBCD induced developmental delay were 30 and 8 μg L-1 for the F0 and F1 generations, respectively, which suggested that the F1 generation was more sensitive to tHBCD than the F0 generation and warranted multiple-generation toxicity tests for future studies. Furthermore, exposure of the adult copepods to tHBCD induced the transcription of oxidative stress response genes and apoptotic genes, e.g., SOD,CAT, GST, OGG1, P53 and Caspase-3. It was therefore speculated that tHBCD exposure induced the generation of reactive oxygen species in T. japonicus, which activated the oxidative stress defense genes and meanwhile resulted in oxidative DNA damage. The damaged DNA activated the transcription of p53 and triggered the caspase-mediated apoptosis pathway, which may be the reason for the tHBCD induced developmental delay in T. japonicus nauplii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalin Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; Environmental Science Research Center, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Dongmei Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Wanxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Rong Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Dongmei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Haizheng Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; Center for Marine Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; Environmental Science Research Center, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
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21
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Yan X, Liu X, Qi C, Lin C, Li P, Wang H. Disposal of hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) by grinding assisted with sodium persulfate. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra02689g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) has been widely used as a flame retardant in polystyrene and textiles, and is ubiquitous in all kinds of environmental media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation
- School of Environment
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
- China
| | - Xitao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation
- School of Environment
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
- China
| | - Chengdu Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation
- School of Environment
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
- China
| | - Chunye Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation
- School of Environment
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
- China
| | - Peizhong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation
- School of Environment
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
- China
| | - Haijian Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Industrial Land Contamination and Remediation
- Environmental Protection Research Institute of Light Industry
- Beijing
- China
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22
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Barghi M, Shin ES, Son MH, Choi SD, Pyo H, Chang YS. Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) in the Korean food basket and estimation of dietary exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 213:268-277. [PMID: 26924755 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
1,2,5,6,9,10-hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) is a brominated flame retardant that is used worldwide in expanded and extruded polystyrene foam and simultaneously emitted to the environment. HBCD can easily accumulate in animals and humans and cause neurotoxicity, thyroid hormone disruption, and reproductive disorders. Therefore, it is essential to monitor the HBCD concentrations in foods and estimate the human exposure through the diet. In this study a total of 521 food samples from eight food categories were sampled and analyzed for their HBCD content. Based on consumption data, the average dietary intake of the general Korean population and specific subgroups was calculated. The highest levels of HBCD were found in fish and shellfish (0.47 ng g(-1) ww), and this was attributed to natural exposure to the contaminated marine environments and the HBCD bioaccumulation. In addition, the use of expanded polystyrene buoys in aquaculture was also found to be a potential source of HBCD in bivalves. The high solubility of α-HBCD in water and the persistence of this diastereomer compared to β- and γ-HBCD in biological tissues, led to higher accumulation of α-HBCD in animal-based foods. In contrast, the diastereomeric selectivity and lower metabolic capacity in plants compared with animals led to the predominance of γ-HBCD in plant-based foods. The dietary intake of HBCD was estimated to be 0.82 ng kg(-1) bw d(-1) in the general population and 2.89 ng kg(-1) bw d(-1) in children up to 5 years of age. The high HBCD intake in children was found to be a result of their lower body weight and their high consumption of milk and homemade Korean baby foods that usually contain fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandana Barghi
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Su Shin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Hui Son
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Deuk Choi
- School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), UNIST-gil 50, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Heesoo Pyo
- Molecular Recognition Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Seok Chang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.
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23
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A novel method through solid phase extraction combined with gradient elution for concentration and separation of 66 (ultra) trace persistent toxic pollutants in Antarctic waters. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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