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Wang X, Li J, Zhang C, Xue M, Xie H. Degradation products and transformation pathways of sulfamethoxazole chlorination disinfection by-products in constructed wetlands. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 249:118343. [PMID: 38311202 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Antibiotics and available chlorine coexist in multiple aquatic environments, and thus antibiotics and their chlorinated disinfection by-products (Cl-DBPs) have been a great concern for the nature and human health. Herein, the degradation intermediates and transformation pathways of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) Cl-DBPs in constructed wetlands (CWs) were investigated. A total of five SMX Cl-DBPs and their twenty degradation products in CWs was identified in this study. SMX and its Cl-DBPs influenced the biodegradation rather than the adsorption process in CWs. S1 atom on sulfonyl group of SMX had the strongest nucleophilicity, and was most vulnerable for nucleophilic attack. N5 and N7 on amino groups, and C17 on the methyl group had great electronegativity, and were susceptible to electrophilic reactions. S1-N5 and S1-C8 bonds of SMX are the most prone to cleavage, followed by C11-N5, C16-C17, and C12-N7. The chlorination of SMX mainly occurred at S1, N5, and N7 sites, and went through S-C cleavage, S-N hydrolysis, and desulfonation. The biodegradation of SMX Cl-DBPs in CWs mainly occurred at S1, N5, N7, C8, and C17 sites, and went through processes including oxidation of methyl, hydroxyl and amino groups, desulfonation, decarboxylation, azo bond cleavage, benzene ring cleavage, β-oxidation of fatty acids under the action of coenzymes. Over half of the SMX Cl-DBPs had greater bioaccumulation potential than their parent SMX, but the environmental risk of SMX Cl-DBPs was effectively reduced through the degradation by CWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoou Wang
- Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization and Pollutant Control in Tianjin, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, China.
| | - Jiayin Li
- Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization and Pollutant Control in Tianjin, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, China
| | - Changping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization and Pollutant Control in Tianjin, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, China
| | - Ming Xue
- Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization and Pollutant Control in Tianjin, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, China
| | - Haijiao Xie
- Hangzhou Yanqu Information Technology Co., Ltd, Y2, 2nd Floor, Building 2, Xixi Legu Creative Pioneering Park, No. 712 Wen'er West Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310003, P.R.O.C, China
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Chen D, Xu W, Lu Y, Zhuo Y, Ji T, Long F. Rapid and sensitive parallel on-site detection of antibiotics and resistance genes in aquatic environments using evanescent wave dual-color fluorescence fiber-embedded optofluidic nanochip. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 257:116281. [PMID: 38677021 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Environmental antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) pose considerable threat to humans and animals; thus, the rapid and sensitive parallel detection of these pollutants from a single sample is urgently required. However, traditional multiplexed analytic technologies detect only one type of target (e.g., small molecules or nucleic acids) per assay. To address this issue, Evanescent wave Dual-color fluorescence Fiber-embedded Optofluidic Nanochip (EDFON) was fabricated by integrating a fiber-embedded optofluidic nanochip with evanescent wave dual-color fluorescence technology. The EDFON was used for the parallel quantitative detection of sulfamerazine (SMR) and MCR-1 with high sensitivity and specificity by combining a heterogeneous immunoassay with a homogenous hybridization chain reaction based on time-resolved effects. LODs of 0.032 μg/L and 35 pM was obtained for SMR and MCR-1, respectively, within 20 min. To our best knowledge, the EDFON is the first device for the simultaneous detection of two type of targets in each test, which is highly valuable to prevent the global threats of antibiotics and ARGs. Comparison with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry showed a strong linear relationship (R2 = 0.998) for SMR pollution in the Qinghe River, with spiked SMR and MCR-1 negative surface and wastewater samples showing recovery rates of 91.8-113.4%. These results demonstrate the excellent accuracy and reliability of the EDFON, with features such as multi-analyte detection, field-deployment, and minimal-equipment, rendering it revolutionary for environmental monitoring, food safety, and medical diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Chen
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, China
| | - Wenjuan Xu
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, China
| | - Yongkai Lu
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, China
| | - Yuxin Zhuo
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, China
| | - Tianxiang Ji
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, China
| | - Feng Long
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, China.
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Guo K, Liu Y, Peng J, Qi W, Liu H. Chlorination of antiviral drug ribavirin: Kinetics, nontargeted identification, and concomitant toxicity evolution. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 467:133478. [PMID: 38359766 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Residual antiviral drugs in wastewater may increase the risk of generating transformation products (TPs) during wastewater treatment. Therefore, chlorination behavior and toxicity evolution are essential to understand the secondary ecological risk associated with their TPs. Herein, chlorination kinetics, transformation pathways, and secondary risks of ribavirin (RBV), one of the most commonly used broad-spectrum antivirals, were investigated. The pH-dependent second-order rate constants k increased from 0.18 M-1·s-1 (pH 5.8) to 1.53 M-1·s-1 (pH 8.0) due to neutral RBV and ClO- as dominant species. 12 TPs were identified using high-resolution mass spectrometry in a nontargeted approach, of which 6 TPs were reported for the first time, and their chlorination pathways were elucidated. The luminescence inhibition rate of Vibrio fischeri exposed to chlorinated RBV solution was positively correlated with initial free active chlorine, probably due to the accumulation of toxic TPs. Quantitative structure-activity relationship prediction identified 7 TPs with elevated toxicity, concentrating on developmental toxicity and bioconcentration factors, which explained the increased toxicity of chlorinated RBV. Overall, this study highlights the urgent need to minimize the discharge of toxic chlorinated TPs into aquatic environments and contributes to environmental risk control in future pandemics and regions with high consumption of antivirals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehui Guo
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jianfeng Peng
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Weixiao Qi
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Huijuan Liu
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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Wang X, Li J, Wang M, Zhang C, Xue M, Xie H. Sulfadiazine chlorination disinfection by-products in constructed wetlands: Identification of biodegradation products and inference of transformation pathways. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 344:123310. [PMID: 38190872 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Disinfection by-products (DBPs) formed from chlorination of antibiotics have greater toxicity than their parent compounds. Herein, this study investigated the biotransformation process of sulfadiazine Cl-DBPs in constructed wetlands (CWs). Results showed that, S atom on sulfonyl group, and N atoms on primary and secondary amine groups were the most reactive sites of sulfadiazine molecule. S1-N4 and S1-C8 of sulfadiazine are the most vulnerable bonds to cleave, followed by C14-N4 and C11-N5 bonds. In the chlorination process, sulfadiazine went through C-N bond cleavage, N-reductive alkylation, halogenation, and desulfonation to produce two aromatic Cl-DBPs. In the biodegradation process in CWs, sulfadiazine Cl-DBPs went through processes mainly including dechlorination, S-N bond cleavage, aniline-NH2 oxidation, desulfonation, phenol-OH oxidation, benzene ring cleavage, C-N bond cleavage, and β-oxidation of fatty acids under the action of a variety of oxidoreductases and hydrolases, during which a total of ten biodegradation products was identified. Moreover, sulfadiazine affected the biodegradation rather than the adsorption process in CWs. The two aromatic sulfadiazine Cl-DBPs had much higher bioaccumulation potentials than their parent sulfadiazine, but for the ten biodegradation products of sulfadiazine Cl-DBPs in CWs, 70% and almost 100% of them had lower bioaccumulation potentials than sulfadiazine and their parent sulfadiazine Cl-DBPs, respectively. The CWs were effective in reducing the environmental risk of sulfadiazine Cl-DBPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoou Wang
- Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization and Pollutant Control in Tianjin, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, China.
| | - Jiayin Li
- Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization and Pollutant Control in Tianjin, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, China
| | - Meiyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization and Pollutant Control in Tianjin, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, China
| | - Changping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization and Pollutant Control in Tianjin, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, China
| | - Ming Xue
- Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization and Pollutant Control in Tianjin, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, China
| | - Haijiao Xie
- Hangzhou Yanqu Information Technology Co., Ltd. Y2, 2nd Floor, Building 2, Xixi Legu Creative Pioneering Park, No. 712 Wen'er West Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310003, China
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Wang X, Xue M, Wang M, Zhang C, Li J, Xie H. Transformation pathways of enrofloxacin chlorination disinfection by-products in constructed wetlands. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 352:141404. [PMID: 38342148 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Antibiotic residues and their chlorinated disinfection by-products (Cl-DBPs) have adverse effects on organisms in aquaculture water. Taking enrofloxacin (ENR) as target antibiotic, this study investigated the degradation and transformation of ENR Cl-DBPs in constructed wetlands (CWs). Results showed that, ENR and its Cl-DBPs affected the biodegradation of CWs at the preliminary stage, but did not affect the adsorption by plant roots, substrates, and biofilms. The piperazine group of ENR had great electronegativity, and was prone to electrophilic reactions. The carboxyl on quinolone group of ENR had strong nucleophilicity, and was prone to nucleophilic reactions. C atoms with significant negative charges on the aromatic structure of quinolone group were prone to halogenation. During the chlorination of ENR, one pathway was the reaction of quinolone group, in which nucleophilic substitution reaction by chlorine occurred at C26 atom on carboxyl group, then halogenation occurred under the action of Cl+ at C17 site on the aromatic ring; the other pathway was the reaction of piperazine group, in which N7 atom was firstly attacked by HOCl, resulting in piperazine ring cleavage, then followed by deacylation, dealkylation, and halogenation. During the biodegradation of ENR Cl-DBPs, the reactivity of piperazine structure was strong, especially at N6, N7, C13, and C14 sites, while the ring structure of quinolone group was quite stable, and only occurred decyclopropyl at N5 site. Overall, the biodegradation of ENR Cl-DBPs in CWs went through processes including piperazine ring cleavage, tertiary amine splitting, dealkylation, and aldehyde oxidation under the action of coenzymes, in which metabolites such as ketones, aldehydes, carboxylic acids, amides, primary amines, secondary amines, tertiary amines and acetaldehyde esters were produced. Most ENR Cl-DBPs had greater bioaccumulation potential and stronger toxicity than their parent compound, fortunately, CWs effectively reduced the environmental risk of ENR Cl-DBPs through the cooperation of adsorption and biodegradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoou Wang
- Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization and Pollutant Control in Tianjin, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, China
| | - Ming Xue
- Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization and Pollutant Control in Tianjin, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, China
| | - Meiyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization and Pollutant Control in Tianjin, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, China
| | - Changping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization and Pollutant Control in Tianjin, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, China.
| | - Jiayin Li
- Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization and Pollutant Control in Tianjin, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, China
| | - Haijiao Xie
- Hangzhou Yanqu Information Technology Co., Ltd. Y2, 2nd Floor, Building 2, Xixi Legu Creative Pioneering Park, No. 712 Wen'er West Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310003, China
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Madhogaria B, Banerjee S, Kundu A, Dhak P. Efficacy of new generation biosorbents for the sustainable treatment of antibiotic residues and antibiotic resistance genes from polluted waste effluent. INFECTIOUS MEDICINE 2024; 3:100092. [PMID: 38586544 PMCID: PMC10998275 DOI: 10.1016/j.imj.2024.100092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Antimicrobials are frequently used in both humans and animals for the treatment of bacterially-generated illnesses. Antibiotic usage has increased for more than 40% from last 15 years globally per day in both human populations and farm animals leading to the large-scale discharge of antibiotic residues into wastewater. Most antibiotics end up in sewer systems, either directly from industry or healthcare systems, or indirectly from humans and animals after being partially metabolized or broken down following consumption. To prevent additional antibiotic compound pollution, which eventually impacts on the spread of antibiotic resistance, it is crucial to remove antibiotic residues from wastewater. Antibiotic accumulation and antibiotic resistance genes cannot be effectively and efficiently eliminated by conventional sewage treatment plants. Because of their high energy requirements and operating costs, many of the available technologies are not feasible. However, the biosorption method, which uses low-cost biomass as the biosorbent, is an alternative technique to potentially address these problems. An extensive literature survey focusing on developments in the field was conducted using English language electronic databases, such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Pubag, Google books, and ResearchGate, to understand the relative value of the available antibiotic removal methods. The predominant techniques for eliminating antibiotic residues from wastewater were categorized and defined by example. The approaches were contrasted, and the benefits and drawbacks were highlighted. Additionally, we included a few antibiotics whose removal from aquatic environments has been the subject of extensive research. Lastly, a few representative publications were identified that provide specific information on the removal rates attained by each technique. This review provides evidence that biosorption of antibiotic residues from biological waste using natural biosorbent materials is an affordable and effective technique for eliminating antibiotic residues from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barkha Madhogaria
- Department of Microbiology, Techno India University, West Bengal, EM-4 Sector-V, Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700091, West Bengal, India
| | - Sangeeta Banerjee
- Department of Microbiology, Techno India University, West Bengal, EM-4 Sector-V, Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700091, West Bengal, India
- Department of Chemistry, Techno India University, West Bengal, EM-4 Sector-V, Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700091, West Bengal, India
| | - Atreyee Kundu
- Department of Microbiology, Techno India University, West Bengal, EM-4 Sector-V, Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700091, West Bengal, India
| | - Prasanta Dhak
- Department of Chemistry, Techno India University, West Bengal, EM-4 Sector-V, Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700091, West Bengal, India
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Cen C, Zhang K, Zhang T, Wu J, Mao X. Exploring the ignored role of escaped algae in a pilot-scale DWDS: Disinfectant consumption, DBP yield and risk formation. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 337:122599. [PMID: 37739259 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Insufficient treatments during bloom-forming seasons allow algae to enter the subsequent drinking water distribution system (DWDS). Yet, scarce information is available regarding the role escaped algae to play in the DWDS, and how they interact with the system. Thus, three scenarios were conducted: a pilot DWDS with algae (a), pipe water (b), and pipe water with algae (c). Experimental results showed that, compared to biofilm and bulk water, escaped algae required fewer disinfectants. Competition for disinfectants varied with algal strains (Microcystis aeruginosa, MA; Pseudanabaena sp., PS) and disinfectant types (chlorine, Cl2; chloriamine, NH2Cl). Algae in the MA-Cl2 group showed the highest demand (6.25%-36.02%). However, the low-concentration disinfectants distributed to algae could trigger distinct algal status alternations. Cl2 diffused into intact MA cells and reacted with intracellular compositions. Damaged PS cells reached 100% within 2 h. Typical disinfection byproducts (DBPs), including trihalomethanes (THMs), haloacetic acids and halogenated acetonitriles were examined. Disinfectant types and algal strains affected DBP yield and distribution. Although disinfectants consumed by algae might not promote dissolved DBP formation, especially for THMs. DBP formation of the other components was affected by escaped algae via changing disinfectant assignment (reduced by 45.45% for MA-Cl2) and transformation efficiency (by 34.52%). The cytotoxicity risks were estimated. Dissolved DBP-induced risks were not added when escaped algae occurred, whereas disruption and release of intracellular substances increased risks; the maximum cytotoxicity did not occur at 12 h rather than at the end (24 h). Overall, this study provided an innovative perspective on algal-related water quality issues in water systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Cen
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Safety and Distribution Technology, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Kejia Zhang
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Safety and Distribution Technology, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing, 314100, China.
| | - Tuqiao Zhang
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Safety and Distribution Technology, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing, 314100, China
| | - Jiajia Wu
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Safety and Distribution Technology, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xinwei Mao
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Safety and Distribution Technology, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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Zheng K, Xiao L. Magnetic porous carbon materials derived from metal-organic framework in-situ growth on natural cellulose of wood for sulfadiazine degradation: Role of delignification and mechanisms. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 248:125902. [PMID: 37487997 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic porous carbon materials as peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activators for sulfadiazine degradation were derived from metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) grown in-situ on the cellulose of wood through the one-step pyrolysis method. The cellulose was obtained by treating wood powder with sodium chlorite to remove lignin, and Fe-MOFs (MIL-101(Fe)) nanoparticles were in-situ grown on the cellulose through hydrothermal reaction. The delignification of wood effectively enhanced the in-situ growth of MIL-101(Fe) on the wood tracheid skeleton, increased the specific surface area of magnetic porous carbon material (Fe@PC-50) after pyrolysis, and improved the performance of Fe@PC-50 as a PMS activator for the degradation of sulfadiazine. With the presence of 0.04 g L-1 Fe@PC-50 and 0.12 g L-1 PMS, the degradation percentage of sulfadiazine (20 mg L-1) could reach 100 % within 15 min, indicating excellent catalytic activity. Quenching tests and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) indicated that both free and non-free radicals played important roles in PMS activation. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) suggested that Fe0 and Fe3C were the possible important active sites for sulfadiazine degradation. This work offered an effective method to synthesize PMS activators from biomass/MOF materials for water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kewang Zheng
- School of Resource and Environmental Science, Key Laboratory for Biomass-Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology of Hubei Province, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Ling Xiao
- School of Resource and Environmental Science, Key Laboratory for Biomass-Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology of Hubei Province, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
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Hofman‐Caris R, Dingemans M, Reus A, Shaikh SM, Muñoz Sierra J, Karges U, der Beek TA, Nogueiro E, Lythgo C, Parra Morte JM, Bastaki M, Serafimova R, Friel A, Court Marques D, Uphoff A, Bielska L, Putzu C, Ruggeri L, Papadaki P. Guidance document on the impact of water treatment processes on residues of active substances or their metabolites in water abstracted for the production of drinking water. EFSA J 2023; 21:e08194. [PMID: 37644961 PMCID: PMC10461463 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2023.8194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
This guidance document provides a tiered framework for risk assessors and facilitates risk managers in making decisions concerning the approval of active substances (AS) that are chemicals in plant protection products (PPPs) and biocidal products, and authorisation of the products. Based on the approaches presented in this document, a conclusion can be drawn on the impact of water treatment processes on residues of the AS or its metabolites in surface water and/or groundwater abstracted for the production of drinking water, i.e. the formation of transformation products (TPs). This guidance enables the identification of actual public health concerns from exposure to harmful compounds generated during the processing of water for the production of drinking water, and it focuses on water treatment methods commonly used in the European Union (EU). The tiered framework determines whether residues from PPP use or residues from biocidal product use can be present in water at water abstraction locations. Approaches, including experimental methods, are described that can be used to assess whether harmful TPs may form during water treatment and, if so, how to assess the impact of exposure to these water treatment TPs (tTPs) and other residues including environmental TPs (eTPs) on human and domesticated animal health through the consumption of TPs via drinking water. The types of studies or information that would be required are described while avoiding vertebrate testing as much as possible. The framework integrates the use of weight-of-evidence and, when possible alternative (new approach) methods to avoid as far as possible the need for additional testing.
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Zheng X, Yang L, Sun Q, Zhang L, Le T. Development and Validation of Aptasensor Based on MnO 2 for the Detection of Sulfadiazine Residues. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:613. [PMID: 37366978 DOI: 10.3390/bios13060613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The monitoring of sulfadiazine (SDZ) is of great significance for food safety, environmental protection, and human health. In this study, a fluorescent aptasensor based on MnO2 and FAM-labeled SDZ aptamer (FAM-SDZ30-1) was developed for the sensitive and selective detection of SDZ in food and environmental samples. MnO2 nanosheets adsorbed rapidly to the aptamer through its electrostatic interaction with the base, providing the basis for an ultrasensitive SDZ detection. Molecular dynamics was used to explain the combination of SMZ1S and SMZ. This fluorescent aptasensor exhibited high sensitivity and selectivity with a limit of detection of 3.25 ng/mL and a linear range of 5-40 ng/mL. The recoveries ranged from 87.19% to 109.26% and the coefficients of variation ranged from 3.13% to 13.14%. In addition, the results of the aptasensor showed an excellent correlation with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Therefore, this aptasensor based on MnO2 is a potentially useful methodology for highly sensitive and selective detection of SDZ in foods and environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Zheng
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Lulan Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Qi Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Tao Le
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
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Li W, Liu K, Min Z, Li J, Zhang M, Korshin GV, Han J. Transformation of macrolide antibiotics during chlorination process: Kinetics, degradation products, and comprehensive toxicity evaluation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:159800. [PMID: 36309261 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics are ubiquitous in wastewater and surface water and their presence is of grave concern. Chlorination, an important disinfection process used in wastewater treatment plants and waterworks, causes antibiotics to be degraded. However, interactions of antibiotics with chlorine result in the generation of multiple transformation products (TPs). TPs may be more toxic than the parent compounds, but their structures, yields and ecotoxicity remain to be ascertained in most cases. This study examined the degradation by chlorine of two typical macrolide (MLs) antibiotics, erythromycin (ERY) and roxithromycin (ROX), and identified the TPs formed as a result of ERY and ROX chlorination. The ecotoxicity of ERY, ROX and their TPs was evaluated using a combination of bioassay and ECOSAR prediction. The degradation of ERY and ROX followed pseudo-first-order kinetic at the molar ratio of FAC to MLs of 10:1, and the degradation kinetic rate depends on pH values. Six TPs of ERY including three chlorinated TPs, and six TPs of ROX including two chlorinated TPs were identified. The tertiary N of the desosamine moiety of ERY and ROX was determined to be the main reactive site. Demethylation and chlorine substitution at the reactive site are the main degradation pathways of ERY and ROX. ECOSAR results showed that the chlorinated byproducts of ERY TP578, TP542 and TP528, and the reduced hydroxylation products of ROX TP851 exhibited higher ecotoxicity than their parent compounds. However, algae growth inhibition assays indicated that the overall ecotoxicity of the chlorinated ERY or ROX mixture was lower than that of ERY or ROX prior to chlorination. This may be attributed to the removal of the parent compound and lower yields of toxic substances. While the yields of the toxic TPs may be low, their accumulation and combined effects of the TPs and other co-occurring pollutants should be examined further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China; Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China; National Positioning Observation Station of Hung-tse Lake Wetland Ecosystem in Jiangsu Province, Hongze, Jiangsu 223100, China.
| | - Kai Liu
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China; Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Zhongfang Min
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China; Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Jiping Li
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China; Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China; Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China; National Positioning Observation Station of Hung-tse Lake Wetland Ecosystem in Jiangsu Province, Hongze, Jiangsu 223100, China
| | - Gregory V Korshin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Box 352700, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-2700, United States
| | - Jiangang Han
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China; Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China; National Positioning Observation Station of Hung-tse Lake Wetland Ecosystem in Jiangsu Province, Hongze, Jiangsu 223100, China
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Xu L, Li C, Wei G, Ji J, Lichtfouse E, García A, Zhang Y. Degradation of sulfamethoxazole by chlorination in water distribution systems: Kinetics, toxicity, and antibiotic resistance genes. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2022; 94:e10817. [PMID: 36524464 DOI: 10.1002/wer.10817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) is one of veterinary drugs and food additives, which has been frequently detected in surface waters in recent years and will cause damage to organisms. Therefore, SMX was selected as a target to be investigated, including the degradation kinetics, evolution of toxicity, and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) of SMX during chlorination in batch reactors and water distribution systems (WDS), to determine the optimal factors for removing SMX. In the range of investigated pH (6.3-9.0), the SMX degradation had the fastest rate at close to neutral pH. The chlorination of SMX was affected by the initial total free chlorine concentration, and the degradation of SMX was consistent with second-order kinetics. The rate constants in batch reactors are (2.23 ± 0.07) × 102 M-1 s-1 and (5.04 ± 0.30) × 10 M-1 s-1 for HClO and ClO-1 , respectively. Moreover, the rate constants in WDS are (1.76 ± 0.07) × 102 M-1 s-1 and (4.06 ± 0.62) × 10 M-1 s-1 , respectively. The degradation rate of SMX was also affected by pipe material, and the rate followed the following order: stainless-steel pipe (SS) > ductile iron pipe (DI) > polyethylene pipe (PE). The degradation rate of SMX in the DI increased with increasing flow rate, but the increase was limited. In addition, SMX could increase the toxicity of water initially, yet the toxicity reduced to the level of tap water after 2-h chlorination. And the relative abundance of ARGs (sul1 and sul2) of tap water samples was significantly increased under different chlorination conditions. PRACTITIONER POINTS: The degradation rate of SMX in batch reactor and WDS is different, and they could be described by first- or second-order kinetics. The degradation of SMX had the fastest rate at neutral pH. The degradation rate of SMX was also affected by pipe material and flow velocity. SMX increased the toxicity of water initially, yet the toxicity reduced after a 2-h chlorination. SMX increased the relative abundance of antibiotic resistance genes sul1 and sul2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luo Xu
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Cong Li
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Guozijian Wei
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Ji
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Eric Lichtfouse
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, IRD, INRAE, Coll France, CEREGE, Aix en Provence, France
| | - Andreina García
- Advanced Mining Technology Center (AMTC), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Yunshu Zhang
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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13
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Ultrasensitive evanescent wave optical fiber aptasensor for online, continuous, type-specific detection of sulfonamides in environmental water. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1233:340505. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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14
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Chen J, Dai C, Zhu Y, Gao Y, Chu W, Gao N, Wang Q. Degradation of sulfadiazine by UV/Oxone: roles of reactive oxidative species and the formation of disinfection byproducts. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:54407-54420. [PMID: 35301631 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-18764-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Sulfadiazine (SDZ) is a typical persistent sulfonamide antibiotic, which has been widely detected in natural drinking water sources. The degradation of SDZ by UV/Oxone (potassium monopersulfate compound) was explored in this study. The results showed that Cl- can effectively activate PMS to promote rapid degradation of SDZ in the Oxone process by forming chlorine in the system. Radical quenching tests suggested that radical oxidation, including HO•, SO4•-, and reactive chlorine species (RCS), played an important role by UV/Oxone. It further verified that concentration and distribution of HO•, SO4•-, and RCS were pH-dependent; RCS act as a major contributor at pH 6.0 and pH 7.0 to degrade SDZ in this process. The SDZ degradation rate was firstly increased and then decreased by Cl- and HCO3- (0-10 mM); HA (0-10 mg L-1) exhibited insignificant influence on SDZ degradation. The degradation pathways of SDZ during UV/Oxone and formation pathways of five disinfection byproducts during subsequent chlorination were proposed. The possible DBP precursors formed by SO2 extrusion, hydroxylation, and chlorination of SDZ during UV/Oxone pre-oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juxiang Chen
- College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, China
| | - Caiqiong Dai
- College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, China
| | - Yanping Zhu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
| | - Yuqiong Gao
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Wenhai Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Naiyun Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Qiongfang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201600, China
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15
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A novel fluorescent aptasensor based on mesoporous silica nanoparticles for the selective detection of sulfadiazine in edible tissue. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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16
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Gong Z, Wang H, Vayenas DV, Yan Q. Enhanced electrochemical removal of sulfadiazine using stainless steel electrode coated with activated algal biochar. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 306:114535. [PMID: 35051817 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
With the increasingly discharging and inappropriately disposing of antibiotics from human disease treatment and breeding industry, extensive development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria raised serious public health concern. In this work, algal biochar was coated onto the stainless steel mesh, and was employed as cathodic electrode for the degradation of sulfadiazine (SDZ) in an electro-Fenton (EF) system. It was found that algal biochar pyrolyzed at 600 °C with 1:1 KOH achieved best catalytic performance to generate H2O2 via oxygen reduction. Moreover, removal efficiency of SDZ reached 96.11% in 4 h with an initial concentration of 25 μg/mL, under the optimized condition as: initial pH at 3, 50 mM of Na2SO4 as electrolyte and an applied current of 20 mA/cm2. In addition, it was found that the SDZ removal kept at about 96.99% even after four repeated degradation process. Moreover, four possible SDZ degradative pathways during the EF process were proposed according to determined intermediates, model optimization and density functional theory calculation. Finally, acute and chronic biotoxicity of the degradative products against fish and green algae was evaluated, to further elaborate the environmental impact of SDZ after electrochemical degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Gong
- School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China
| | - Han Wang
- School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Wuxi, 214122, PR China
| | - Dimitris V Vayenas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Caratheodory 1, University Campus, GR, 26504, Patras, Greece; Institute of Chemical Engineering and High Temperature Chemical Processes (FORTH/ICE-HT), Stadiou Str., Platani, GR, 26504, Patras, Greece
| | - Qun Yan
- School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Wuxi, 214122, PR China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou, 215011, PR China.
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17
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Lou X, Liu Z, Fang C, Tang Y, Guan J, Guo Y, Zhang X, Shi Y, Huang D, Cai Y. Fate of sulfamethoxazole and potential formation of haloacetic acids during chlorine disinfection process in aquaculture water. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 204:111958. [PMID: 34478721 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
There exist two common processes in fishery culture, i.e. antibiotic addition to reduce disease in fishery, and chlorination disinfection to inhibit infectious pathogenic microorganisms. However, antibiotic residues might play important reverse side roles for both aquaculture water pollution and potential formation of chlorination side products. Herein, the transformation behaviour, intermediates analyses and conversion pathway of antibiotic sulfamethoxazole (SMX), and potential generation of halogenated acetic acids (HAAs) in the process of chlorination in fishery water were examined, and the results revealed that the decomposing of SMX satisfied a pseudo first-order kinetic equation. Both the addition of available chlorine and high temperature had affirmative influences on the decontamination of SMX and production of HAAs, and the near-neutral pHs promoted the removal of SMX and generation of HAAs. Br- was favorable for the removal of SMX and yields of brominated acetic acids (Br-AAs). Based on the identified intermediate products, the transformation path of SMX in chlorination process was propounded, to wit, the C-S and S-N bonds in the SMX molecules were firstly cracked, and the primeval intermediate groups are then transformed to form chloroanilines, chlorophenols, etc., and subsequently, chlorophenols were chlorinated and ring-opened to generate toxic HAAs. This study might be meaningful to evaluate the effective removal of sulfonamide antibiotic residues and the potential generation of halogenated DBPs (H-DBPs) when chlorinated in aquaculture water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Lou
- Laboratory of Quality Safety and Processing for Aquatic Product, East Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Zhiyuan Liu
- Laboratory of Quality Safety and Processing for Aquatic Product, East Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090, China; School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai, 201209, China
| | - Changling Fang
- Laboratory of Quality Safety and Processing for Aquatic Product, East Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Yunyu Tang
- Laboratory of Quality Safety and Processing for Aquatic Product, East Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Jie Guan
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai, 201209, China
| | - Yaoguang Guo
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai, 201209, China.
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Laboratory of Quality Safety and Processing for Aquatic Product, East Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Yongfu Shi
- Laboratory of Quality Safety and Processing for Aquatic Product, East Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Dongmei Huang
- Laboratory of Quality Safety and Processing for Aquatic Product, East Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090, China.
| | - Youqiong Cai
- Laboratory of Quality Safety and Processing for Aquatic Product, East Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090, China
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18
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Hu J, Li X, Liu F, Fu W, Lin L, Li B. Comparison of chemical and biological degradation of sulfonamides: Solving the mystery of sulfonamide transformation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 424:127661. [PMID: 34763922 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Sulfonamides (SAs) are widespread in aquatic environments and pose serious environmental risks. The removal efficiencies and degradation mechanisms of SAs in both chemical and biological degradation systems were comprehensively reviewed. Density functional theory (DFT) was utilized to decipher the reaction types and reactive sites of both degradation mechanisms at the electron level. In chemical degradation, the rate of the reactive oxidants to degrade SAs follows the order SO4•- ≈ •OH > O3 > 1O2 > ClO2 ≈ Fe(VI) ≈ HOCl > peroxymonosulfate. pH affects the oxidation-reduction potentials of oxidants, the reactivity of SAs, and the intermolecular force between oxidants and SAs, thereby affecting the chemical degradation efficiencies and mechanisms. In biological degradation, oxidoreductase produced by bacteria, fungi, algae, and plants can degrade SAs. The catalytic activity of the enzyme is affected by the enzyme system, reaction conditions, and type of SAs. Despite the different reaction modes and removal efficiencies of SAs in chemical degradation and biological degradation, the transformation pathways and products show commonalities. Modification of the amino (N1H2-) moiety and destruction of sulfonamide bridge (-SO2-N11H-) moiety are the main pathways for both chemical and biological degradation of SAs. Most oxidants or enzymes can react with the N1H2- moiety. Reactions of the -SO2-N11H- moiety are mainly initiated by the cleavage of S-N bonds for five-membered heterocyclic ring-substituted SAs, and by SO2 extrusion for six-membered heterocyclic ring-substituted SAs. Chlorine substitution and coupling on the N1H2- moiety, hydroxylation of the benzene moiety, oxidation of methyl, and isomerization of the R substituents are the transformation pathways unique to chemical degradation. Formylation/acetylation, glycosylation, pterin conjugation, and deamination of the N1H2- moiety are the transformation pathways unique to biological degradation. DFT studies revealed the same reaction types and the same reactive sites of SAs in chemical and biological degradation. Electrophiles are mostly prone to attack the N1 atom on the amino moiety of neutral SAs and the N11 atom on the sulfonamide bridge moiety of anionic SAs, leading to nitration or electrophilic substitution of the amino moiety and the cleavage of S-N bonds or SO2 extrusion of the sulfonamide bridge moiety. Reactions on the -SO2-N11H- moiety eliminate antibacterial activity in the SA degradation process. This review elucidated SA transformation by comparing the chemical and biological degradation of SAs. This could provide theoretical guidance for the development of more efficient and economical treatment technologies for SAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; Shenzhen Environmental Science and New Energy Laboratory, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Feifei Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wenjie Fu
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Lin Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Bing Li
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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19
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Effect of Particle Concentration and Pipe Materials on the Formation of Biofilms in Drinking Water Distribution Systems. WATER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/w14020224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Microorganism rebreeding and biofilm shedding enter the water body in the process of a drinking water distribution system (DWDS), which poses a threat to public health. Particles in water can gather pollutants as well as providing favorable growth conditions for bacteria. To date, there are a few studies which focus on the relationship between particles and biofilm formation. Therefore, the microbial diversity of biofilms in the different pipe materials and the effect on particle concentration on biofilm formation were investigated in this study. Experiments were carried out under a simulative DWDS (including iron (DI) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe). The results showed that the microbial diversity in biofilms followed this order: DI pipe > PVC pipe > DI pipe (upper). Moreover, the microbial biomass of biofilm and the fluorescence intensity of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS, produced by microorganisms) were the largest in the absence of particles. The amount of biofilm bacterial and the fluorescence intensity of EPS both showed first an increasing and then decreasing trend with particle concentration increasing. When particle concentration was relatively low, the absorption of particles and bacteria played a major role, however, with the increasing particle concentration, more stable particle–particle were formed and thus, EPS was easily extracted, resulting in the increase of fluorescence intensity of EPS.
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Li J, Zhao L, Feng M, Huang CH, Sun P. Abiotic transformation and ecotoxicity change of sulfonamide antibiotics in environmental and water treatment processes: A critical review. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 202:117463. [PMID: 34358906 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Sulfonamides (SAs) are among the most widely used antibiotics to treat bacterial infections for humans and animals. They are also used in livestock agriculture to improve growth and feed efficiency in many countries. Recent years, there is a growing concern about the environmental fate and treatment technologies of SAs, in order to eliminate their potential impact on the ecosystem and human health. Additionally, SAs are frequently used as model compounds to evaluate the performance of newly developed advanced water treatment processes. Hence, understanding the chemical reaction features of SAs can provide valuable information for further technological development. In this review, the reaction kinetics, abiotic transformations and corresponding ecotoxicity changes of SAs in natural environments and water treatment processes were comprehensively analyzed to draw critical suggestion and new insights. The •OH-based AOP is proposed as an effective method for the elimination of SAs toxicity, although it is susceptible to water constituent due to low selectivity. The application of biochar or metal-based oxidants in AOPs is becoming a future trend for SA treatment. Overall, this review would provide useful information for the development of advanced water treatment technologies and the control of ecological risks related to SAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingchen Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Mingbao Feng
- College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Ching-Hua Huang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States
| | - Peizhe Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
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21
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Fu W, Xia GJ, Zhang Y, Hu J, Wang YG, Li J, Li X, Li B. Using general computational chemistry strategy to unravel the reactivity of emerging pollutants: An example of sulfonamide chlorination. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 202:117391. [PMID: 34233248 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Increasing number of emerging pollutants in environments requires an effective approach which can facilitate the prediction of reactivity and provide insights into the reaction mechanisms. Computational chemistry is exactly the tool to fulfill this demand with its good performance in theoretical investigation of chemical reactions at molecular level. In this study, chlorination of sulfonamide antibiotics is used as an illustration to present a systematic strategy demonstrating how computational chemistry can be applied to investigate the reaction behavior of emerging pollutants. Sulfonamides is a class of micropollutants that contain the common structure of 4-aminobenzenesulfonmaide while differ in their heterocycles. Based on the calculated conceptual DFT indices, the reactive sites of sulfonamide are successfully predicted, which locate on their common structure of 4-aminobenzenesulfonmaide. Therefore, all sulfonamides follow the similar reaction pathway. Product identification by LTQ-Orbitrap MS further verifies the in silico prediction. Three critical pathways are discovered, i.e., S-N bond cleavage, Cl-substitution onto aniline-N, and the following rearrangement to lose -SO2- group, among which Cl-substitution is the key step due to its lowest free energy barrier. Heterocycles impact the reaction rate by affecting the electronic density of aniline group. In general, the more electron-donating the heterocycle is, the more readily sulfonamides to be chlorinated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Fu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Guang-Jie Xia
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Yixiang Zhang
- Theoretical Chemistry Center, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jiahui Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yang-Gang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China; Theoretical Chemistry Center, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; Shenzhen Environmental Science and New Energy Laboratory, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Bing Li
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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Wu H, Zhou P, Kumar Alagarasan J, Jing J, Zhou T, Xu Y. Construction of novel PTh-BiOBr composite with enhanced photocatalytic degradation of Bisphenol A. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2021.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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23
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Lin Q, Dong F, Li C, Cui J. Disinfection byproduct formation from algal organic matters after ozonation or ozone combined with activated carbon treatment with subsequent chlorination. J Environ Sci (China) 2021; 104:233-241. [PMID: 33985726 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2020.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Algal organic matter (AOM), including extracellular organic matter (EOM) and intracellular organic matter (IOM) from algal blooms, is widely accepted as essential precursors of disinfection byproducts (DBPs). This study evaluated the effect of ozonation or ozone combined with activated carbon (O3-AC) treatment on characteristic alternation and DBP formation with subsequent chlorination of Chlorella sp.. The effects of pH and bromide concentration on DBP formation by ozonation or O3-AC treatment were also investigated. Results showed that the potential formation of DBPs might be attributed to ozonation, but these DBP precursors could be further removed by activated carbon (AC) treatment. Moreover, the formation of target DBPs was controlled at acidic pH by alleviating the reactions between chlorine and AOM. Besides, the bromide substitution factor (BSF) value of trihalomethanes (THMs) from EOM and IOM remained constant after AC treatment. However, THM precursors could be significantly decreased by AC treatment. The above results indicated that O3-AC was a feasible treatment method for algal-impacted water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiufeng Lin
- Department of Earth and Environmental Studies, Montclair State University, Montclair, New Jersey 07043, United States
| | - Feilong Dong
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China
| | - Cong Li
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Junkui Cui
- Department of Earth and Environmental Studies, Montclair State University, Montclair, New Jersey 07043, United States
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Guo Y, Liu Z, Lou X, Fang C, Wang P, Wu G, Guan J. Insights into antimicrobial agent sulfacetamide transformation during chlorination disinfection process in aquaculture water. RSC Adv 2021; 11:14746-14754. [PMID: 35423964 PMCID: PMC8697773 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra01605a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic addition and chlorination are two common processes in fishery culture. Antibiotic residues not only pollute aquaculture water, but are also one of the potential precursors of disinfection by-products (DBPs) during chlorination. The degradation kinetics, products identification and reaction mechanism of sulfacetamide (SFA), a new sulfonamides antibiotics, and potential formation of haloacetic acids (HAAs) in chlorination were explored. The results showed that the degradation of SFA followed pseudo first-order kinetic model, and chlorinating agent dose, pH of water, water temperature, NH4 +, HCO3 - and humic acid (HA) had various effects on the degradation of SFA and the yields of HAAs. The presence of Br- accelerated both the degradation rate of SFA and more formation of Br-DBPs. Through the identification of intermediate products, we proposed the transformation pathway of SFA during the chlorination disinfection process. Namely, in this NaClO disinfection system, the C-S bond between the sulfonyl group and benzene ring, and S-N bond between sulfonyl and acylamino of SFA were broken, and then the primary formed groups were further oxidized to produce intermediates, such as chloroanilines and chlorophenols. And then chlorophenols were subsequently chlorinated to form toxic HAAs. The present study might be of significance for the evaluation of effective degradation of SFA and potential production of halogenate-DBPs (H-DBPs) during the chlorination disinfection process in aquaculture water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoguang Guo
- School of Environmental and Materials Engineering, Shanghai Polytechnic University Shanghai 201209 China
| | - Zhiyuan Liu
- School of Environmental and Materials Engineering, Shanghai Polytechnic University Shanghai 201209 China
- Laboratory of Quality Safety and Processing for Aquatic Product, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Shanghai 200090 China
| | - Xiaoyi Lou
- Laboratory of Quality Safety and Processing for Aquatic Product, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Shanghai 200090 China
| | - Changling Fang
- Laboratory of Quality Safety and Processing for Aquatic Product, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Shanghai 200090 China
| | - Pu Wang
- School of Environmental and Materials Engineering, Shanghai Polytechnic University Shanghai 201209 China
| | - Genying Wu
- Longquan Branch of Lishui Municipal Ecological Environment Bureau Longquan 323700 China
| | - Jie Guan
- School of Environmental and Materials Engineering, Shanghai Polytechnic University Shanghai 201209 China
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Niu B, Wang N, Chen Y, Yu M, Hou Z, Li Z, Zheng Y. Tourmaline synergized with persulfate for degradation of sulfadiazine: Influencing parameters and reaction mechanism. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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26
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Ekundayo TC, Igwaran A, Oluwafemi YD, Okoh AI. Global bibliometric meta-analytic assessment of research trends on microbial chlorine resistance in drinking water/water treatment systems. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 278:111641. [PMID: 33221673 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Chlorine is the commonest and cheapest disinfectant used in drinking water and wastewater treatment at household, municipal and industrial levels. However, the uprising of microbial chlorine resistance (MCR) pose critical public health hazard concerns; because, its potentiate exposure to difficult-to-treat resistant pathogens. Therefore, this study aimed at evaluating the burden of MCR in drinking water/wastewater treatment and distribution systems (DWWTDS) via science mapping of research productivity (authors, countries, institutions), thematic conceptual framework, disciplines, research networks and associated intellectual landscape. MCR data were mined from Scopus and Web of Science based on optimized algorithms with the root key term "chlorine* resistant*'' and analysed for pre-set indicator variables. Results revealed 1127 documents from 442 journals and 1430% average growth rate (AGR) of research articles from 2017 to 2019 on MCR. Country-wise, the USA (n = 299), China (n = 119), and Japan (n = 43) ranked in the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd positions respectively, among the top participating countries in MCR research. MCR research had considerable performance in public health and sustainable concern subjects namely, Environmental Sciences & Ecology, Engineering, Microbiology, Water Resources, Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology, Food Science & Technology, Public, Environ & Occupational Health, Chemistry, Infectious Diseases, and Marine & Freshwater Biology; and with noticeable AGR in Environmental Sciences & Ecology (330%) and Infectious Diseases (130%). The study found biofilm-related thrusts (n = 90, 270% AGR) as main research hotspots on MCR. Overall, the study identified and discussed four important thematic areas of public health challenges in MCR that could promote increasing waterborne diseases due to (re)emerging pathogens, enteric viruses and dissemination in DWWTDS. In conclusion, this study provides comprehensive overview of the growing burden of MCR in DWWTDS and standout as a primer of information for researchers on MCR. It recommends direct, intentional and integrated research priorities on MCR to overcome accompanying public health and environmental threats. In addition, chlorine resistance in waterborne fungi have not received research attention. Research activities related to fungal chlorine resistance will be an invaluable future direction in DWWTDS and guide against exposure to waterborne pathogenic fungi and mycotoxins. It is unknown whether chlorine resistance can be acquired by horizontal gene transfer in microorganisms and future research should elucidate this important thrust.
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Affiliation(s)
- Temitope C Ekundayo
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, Eastern Cape, South Africa; Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, Eastern Cape, South Africa; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo City PMB 536, Ondo State, Nigeria.
| | - Aboi Igwaran
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, Eastern Cape, South Africa; Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, Eastern Cape, South Africa
| | - Yinka D Oluwafemi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo City PMB 536, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Anthony I Okoh
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, Eastern Cape, South Africa; Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, Eastern Cape, South Africa
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Gholami P, Khataee A, Vahid B, Karimi A, Golizadeh M, Ritala M. Sonophotocatalytic degradation of sulfadiazine by integration of microfibrillated carboxymethyl cellulose with Zn-Cu-Mg mixed metal hydroxide/g-C3N4 composite. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.116866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Photoelectrocatalytic degradation of sulfadiazine by Ag3PO4/MoS2/TiO2 nanotube array electrode under visible light irradiation. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Lin Q, Dong F, Miao Y, Li C, Fei W. Removal of disinfection by-products and their precursors during drinking water treatment processes. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2020; 92:698-705. [PMID: 31643120 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the control efficiency of a wide variety of disinfection by-products (DBPs) (including trihalomethanes [THMs], haloacetic acids [HAAs], haloacetonitiles [HANs], haloketones [HKs], haloaldehydes [Has], and trihalonitromethanes [THNMs]) with different drinking water treatment processes including pre-ozonation, coagulation-sedimentation, sand filtration, and ozone combined with biological activated carbon (O3 -BAC) advanced treatment processes. The assessment of the treatment efficiency regarding the removal of organic matter was measured by the excitation emission matrix (EEM) spectra. There was a superior efficiency in reducing the formation of DBPs and their precursors by different drinking water treatment processes. Though some DBPs such as THMs could be promoted by ozonation, these by-products from ozonation could be degraded by the following BAC filtration process. In addition, the organic matter from the aromaticity, fulvic acid-like, protein, and soluble microbial by-products-like regions could be further degraded by the O3 -BAC treatment. PRACTITIONER POINTS: A wide variety of DBPs in different drinking water treatment processes was investigated. The treatment efficiency regarding the removal of organic matter was measured. Some DBPs such as THMs and HAAs could be increased by ozonation. The removal percentage of nitrogen precursors and organic carbon would be increased by BAC filtration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiufeng Lin
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feilong Dong
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunxia Miao
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cong Li
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Weicheng Fei
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Sun S, Yao H, Fu W, Xue S, Zhang W. Enhanced degradation of antibiotics by photo-fenton reactive membrane filtration. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 386:121955. [PMID: 31887563 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Micropollution such as pharmaceutical residuals potentially compromises water quality and jeopardizes human health. This study evaluated the photo-Fenton ceramic membrane filtration toward the removal of sulfadiazine (SDZ) as a common antibiotic chemical. The batch experiments verified that the photo-Fenton reactions with as Goethite (α-FeOOH) as the photo-Fenton catalyst achieved the degradation rates of 100% within 60 min with an initial SDZ concentration of 12 mg·L-1. Meanwhile, a mineralization rate of over 80% was obtained. In continuous filtration, a negligible removal rate (e.g., 4%) of SDZ was obtained when only filtering the feed solution with uncoated or catalyst-coated membranes. However, under Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, both the removal rates of SDZ were significantly increased to 70% (no H2O2) and 99% (with H2O2), respectively, confirming the active degradation by the photo-Fenton reactions. The highest apparent quantum yield (AQY) reached up to approximately 25% when the UV254 intensity was 100 μW·cm-2 and H2O2 was 10 mmol·L-1. Moreover, the photo-Fenton reaction was shown to effectively mitigate fouling and prevent flux decline. This study demonstrated synchronization of photo-Fenton reactions and membrane filtration to enhance micropollutant degradation. The findings are also important for rationale design and operation of photo-Fenton or photocatalytic membrane filtration systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaobin Sun
- Beijing International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Water Pollution Control Techniques for Antibiotics and Resistance Genes, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, Department of municipal and environmental Engineering, School of civil engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, PR China; School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266033, PR China
| | - Hong Yao
- Beijing International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Water Pollution Control Techniques for Antibiotics and Resistance Genes, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, Department of municipal and environmental Engineering, School of civil engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, PR China.
| | - Wanyi Fu
- John A. Reif, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 07102, the US
| | - Shan Xue
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266033, PR China; John A. Reif, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 07102, the US
| | - Wen Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266033, PR China; John A. Reif, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 07102, the US
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Wang L, Huang T, Yang G, Lu C, Dong F, Li Y, Guan W. The precursor-guided hydrothermal synthesis of CuBi 2O 4/WO 3 heterostructure with enhanced photoactivity under simulated solar light irradiation and mechanism insight. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 381:120956. [PMID: 31445472 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.120956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Z-scheme heterojunction can efficiently suppress the electron-holes recombination and promote the charges transfer rate, which result in the high photocatalytic performance. Herein, a flower-flake-sphere like CuBi2O4/WO3 hybrid photocatalyst was fabricated via a precursor-guided hydrothermal method. The morphology, structure, composition, chemical and electronic properties of the as-prepared samples were systematically investigated by multiple techniques (XRD, FT-IR, SEM, TEM, XPS, UV-vis, BET, PL, ESR. etc.). Particularly, the 60 wt% CuBi2O4/WO3 nanocomposite exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity for tetracycline (20 mg/L) degradation under simulated solar light irradiation. The rate constant was 0.0179 min-1, which was almost 8 times and 4.5 times higher than that of bulk WO3 and CuBi2O4, respectively. The experimental results confirmed that CuBi2O4 made a direct Z-scheme heterojunction by band alignment with WO3, which are conducive to the efficient charges separation and prolonged carriers lifetime. According to the quenching experiments, •OH and •O2- were testified to be the predominant active species. The electrons accumulated in the CuBi2O4 negative CB and the holes in the WO3 positive VB made significant contribution to the strong redox ability of the CuBi2O4/WO3 nanocomposite. This work provides some deep insights into the design of band-alignment-based Z-scheme heterostuctures, which is also applicable to other catalytic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Chang'an University, Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region, Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710064, PR China; Brook Byers Institute for Sustainable Systems, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States
| | - Tengteng Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Chang'an University, Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region, Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710064, PR China
| | - Guangpeng Yang
- Brook Byers Institute for Sustainable Systems, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States; School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China
| | - Changyu Lu
- Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Sustained Utilization & Development of Water Recourse, Hebei Province Collaborative Innovation Center for Sustainable Utilization of Water Resources and Optimization of Industrial Structure, Department of Water Resource and Environment, Hebei Geo University, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei, PR China.
| | - Feilong Dong
- Brook Byers Institute for Sustainable Systems, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States
| | - Yuliang Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Chang'an University, Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region, Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710064, PR China
| | - Weisheng Guan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Chang'an University, Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region, Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710064, PR China.
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Xu X, Meng L, Dai Y, Zhang M, Sun C, Yang S, He H, Wang S, Li H. Bi spheres SPR-coupled Cu 2O/Bi 2MoO 6 with hollow spheres forming Z-scheme Cu 2O/Bi/Bi 2MoO 6 heterostructure for simultaneous photocatalytic decontamination of sulfadiazine and Ni(II). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 381:120953. [PMID: 31419731 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.120953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Environmental problem on the coexistence of organic pollutants and heavy metals in surface waters has become increasingly serious. Few relative researches have focused on their simultaneous decontamination. Herein, a ternary plasmonic Z-scheme Cu2O/Bi/Bi2MoO6 heterojunction was synthesized via two-step route followed by a wet-impregnation, where Bi spheres coupled with Cu2O particles were anchored on the surface of Bi2MoO6 with hollow microflower spheres. The composites were characterized via various measurements. The excellent photocatalytic activity of Cu2O/Bi/Bi2MoO6 displayed in single sulfadiazine (SDZ) oxidation or Ni(II) reduction, and their simultaneous removal. The degradation pathway for SDZ was investigated via LC-MS and Gaussian theory. DFT and FDTD calculations confirmed the electronic structural characteristics in the Cu2O/Bi/Bi2MoO6 heterostructure and the induced electric field enhancement around nearly touching Bi spheres. A possible photodegradation mechanism of the as-prepared photocatalyst was elucidated via combining scavenger experiments with EPR technique. The results suggested h+, •O2- and •OH all participated in SDZ oxidation, which verified that Z-Scheme electron transfer was major manner in Cu2O/Bi/Bi2MoO6, while •O2- and e-acted on Ni(II) reduction. The improved photocatalytic activity of Cu2O/Bi/Bi2MoO6 could be ascribed to the unique Z-scheme electron transfer among Cu2O, Bi and Bi2MoO6, particularly SPR and local electric field near Bi spheres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, PR China
| | - Lingjun Meng
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 1H9, Alberta, Canada
| | - Yuxuan Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, PR China
| | - Mian Zhang
- College of Engineering and Applied Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, PR China
| | - Cheng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, PR China.
| | - Shaogui Yang
- School of the Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210046, PR China
| | - Huan He
- School of the Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210046, PR China
| | - Shaomang Wang
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, PR China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
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Gholami P, Khataee A, Vahid B. Integration of Polydopamine and Fe3O4 Nanoparticles with Graphene Oxide to Fabricate an Efficient Recoverable Catalyst for the Degradation of Sulfadiazine. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b05130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peyman Gholami
- Research Laboratory of Advanced Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes, Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, 51666-16471 Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Alireza Khataee
- Research Laboratory of Advanced Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes, Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, 51666-16471 Tabriz, Iran
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam
| | - Behrouz Vahid
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, 51579-44533 Tabriz, Iran
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Dong F, Lin Q, Li C, Zhang T. Evaluation of disinfection byproduct formation from extra- and intra-cellular algal organic matters during chlorination after Fe(vi) oxidation. RSC Adv 2019; 9:41022-41030. [PMID: 35540056 PMCID: PMC9076362 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra06449d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Blue-green algae commonly bloom in fresh water in summer, producing extra- and intra-cellular algal organic matters, which are important precursors for disinfection byproduct (DBP) formation. In this study, we evaluated the effect of pre-oxidation with ferrate(vi) (FeO4 2-, Fe(vi)) on the characterization of intracellular organic matter (IOM) and extracellular organic matter (EOM). The results indicated that soluble microbial-like products of EOM and IOM decreased and humic acid-like products of IOM increased, which would influence the DBP formation in the subsequent chlorination step. Therefore, in this study, the effect of Fe(vi) pre-oxidation on the DBP formation from IOM and EOM with subsequent chlorination was also investigated. For Chlorella sp., EOM presented no significant change, and IOM presented a reduction of THMs (8.2%) after Fe(vi) oxidation at a dosage of 16 mg L-1. For P. limnetica, EOM and IOM both exhibited reduction of trihalomethanes (THMs) and chloral hydrate (CH) after Fe(vi) oxidation. Besides, THMs had the lowest concentration at pH 8.0 in all four solutions. Haloacetonitriles (HANs) and haloketones (HKs) showed slight changes with increasing pH values. Due to the frequent detection of bromide (Br-) in surface water, the effect of bromide existence on THM formation was also investigated. The results indicated that all brominated DBPs increased, and chlorinated DBPs decreased with the increase in bromide concentration. In addition, the bromine substitution factor (BSF) of Chlorella sp. and P. limnetica both increased with the increase in Br- concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feilong Dong
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Qiufeng Lin
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Cong Li
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Tuqiao Zhang
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
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Dong F, Liu J, Li C, Lin Q, Zhang T, Zhang K, Sharma VK. Ferrate(VI) pre-treatment and subsequent chlorination of blue-green algae: Quantification of disinfection byproducts. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 133:105195. [PMID: 31654918 PMCID: PMC7711035 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Algal organic matter (AOM) from seasonal algal blooms may be an important precursor of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) in drinking water. This paper presents the effect of ferrate(VI) treatment on two blue-green algae, Chlorella sp. and Pseudanabaena limnetica, in eutrophic water. The results demonstrated that Fe(VI) removed the algal cells by causing cell death, apoptosis, and lost integrity, and decreased AOM (in terms of total organic carbon) in water via oxidation and coagulation. Chlorination of the Fe(VI) pre-oxidized algal water samples generated halogenated DBPs (including trihalomethanes, haloacetic acids, haloketones, chloral hydrate, haloacetonitriles, and trichloronitromethane), but the concentrations of DBPs were lower than those formed in the chlorinated samples without pre-treatment by Fe(VI). Higher Fe(VI) dose, longer oxidation time, and alkaline pH were beneficial in controlling DBPs. In bromide-containing algal solutions, negligible amount of bromo-DBPs were generated in the Fe(VI) pre-oxidation, and halogenated DBPs were mainly formed in the subsequent chlorination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feilong Dong
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Cong Li
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Qiufeng Lin
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Tuqiao Zhang
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Kejia Zhang
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Virender K Sharma
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
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Dong F, Chen J, Li C, Ma X, Jiang J, Lin Q, Lin C, Diao H. Evidence-based analysis on the toxicity of disinfection byproducts in vivo and in vitro for disinfection selection. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 165:114976. [PMID: 31445306 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.114976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Disinfection is a key step in drinking water treatment process to prevent water-borne infections. However, reactions between chlorine, one of the most common disinfectants, and natural organic matter (NOM) often lead to the formation of hazardous disinfection byproducts (DBPs). However, the cytotoxicity of some DBPs is still poorly understood. Such knowledge is critical for proper selection of disinfection processes. We investigated the effects of DBPs on mouse acute liver injury. The exacerbation of liver damage increased with the DBPs concentrations, likely due to the increased hepatic macrophages. Haloacetonitriles (HANs) and haloketones (HKs) are more toxic to Human Hepatocellular (Hep3B) cells than trihalomethanes (THMs). Cytotoxicity of DBPs were governed by the halogen type (brominated DBPs > chlorinated DBPs) and the numbers of halogen atoms per molecule. Then, we used the pilot-scale WDS to study the best conditions for reducing the formation of DBPs. The result showed that the formation of DBPs followed the order: stainless-steel (SS) > ductile iron (DI) > polyethylene (PE) pipe. Higher flowrate promoted the formation of DBPs in all three pipes. The results suggest that the formation of DBPs in chlorine disinfection can be reduced by using PE pipes and low flow rate in water distribution systems (WDS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Feilong Dong
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Jianing Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cong Li
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Xingmao Ma
- Zachery Department of Civil Engineering, Texas A&M University, TAMU 3136, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Jingjing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiufeng Lin
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Chenhong Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongyan Diao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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Preparation and Characterization of Nanocomposite Films Containing Nano-Aluminum Nitride and Cellulose Nanofibrils. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9081121. [PMID: 31382633 PMCID: PMC6723461 DOI: 10.3390/nano9081121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nanocomposites consisting of cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) and nano-aluminum nitride (AlN) were prepared using a simple vacuum-assisted filtration process. Bleached sugarcane bagasse pulp was treated with potassium hydroxide and sodium chlorite, and was subsequently ultra-finely ground and homogenized to obtain CNFs. Film nanocomposites were prepared by mixing CNFs with various AlN amounts (0-20 wt.%). X-ray diffraction revealed that the crystal form of CNF-AlN nanocomposites was different to those of pure CNFs and AlN. The mechanical performance and thermal stability of the CNF-AlN nanocomposites were evaluated through mechanical tests and thermogravimetric analysis, respectively. The results showed that the CNF-AlN nanocomposites exhibited excellent mechanical and thermal stability, and represented a green renewable substrate material. This type of nanocomposite could present great potential for replacing traditional polymer substrates, and could provide creative opportunities for designing and fabricating high-performance portable electronics in the near future.
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Zhang T, He G, Dong F, Zhang Q, Huang Y. Chlorination of enoxacin (ENO) in the drinking water distribution system: Degradation, byproducts, and toxicity. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 676:31-39. [PMID: 31029898 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Chlorine is widely used as a drinking water disinfectant to ensure water security. However, the transformation mechanisms of its degradation of emerging pollutants within the water distribution system (WDS) is insufficiently understood. Thus, the kinetics, degradation byproducts, and toxicity of the chlorination of enoxacin (ENO, a type of emerging pollutant) were explored in a pilot-scale WDS for the first time. It was found that the chlorination rate of ENO was higher in deionized water (DW) than in the pilot-scale WDS, and the degradation followed second-order kinetics in DW. The degradation efficiency was found to be sensitive to pH, and was highest at a pH of 7.4. The chlorination rate of ENO increased with increasing temperature in both DW and WDS. For different pipe materials, the relative performance of ENO chlorination efficiency followed the order of steel pipe > ductile iron pipe > polyethylene (PE) pipe. Seven intermediates were identified during ENO chlorination, and the primary oxidation reaction involved the cleavage of the piperazine group. Finally, it was found that the potential for chlorine toxicity in treated drinking water in the presence of ENO is higher than it is without this pollutant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuqiao Zhang
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Guilin He
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Feilong Dong
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qingzhou Zhang
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Dong F, Lin Q, Deng J, Zhang T, Li C, Zai X. Impact of UV irradiation on Chlorella sp. damage and disinfection byproducts formation during subsequent chlorination of algal organic matter. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 671:519-527. [PMID: 30933807 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The frequent occurrence of algal blooms in surface water has attracted more and more attention, which caused many water quality problems, including disinfection byproducts (DBPs). Algal organic matter (AOM) including intracellular organic matter (IOM) and extracellular organic matter (EOM), was a well-known precursor to DBPs formation in drinking water. This study evaluated the effect of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation on the cell integrity, IOM release and DBPs formation during subsequent chlorination of Chlorella sp. Results showed the damage rates of algal cells increased to 40.1% after the high UV irradiation of 528 mJ/cm2, which contributed to the release of IOM. In addition, UV irradiation was effective in reducing the formation of haloacetic acids (HAAs) both in AOM and IOM, but promoted the formation of nitrogenous DBPs (N-DBPs) from AOM in subsequent chlorination. Furthermore, neutral pH exerted a positive effect on the formation of DBPs. UV irradiation decreased the bromine substitution factor (BSF) value of AOM at a high bromide level. The BSF values increased with increasing of the concentration of bromide. Moreover, more amino acids and low molecular weight precursors were produced after UV irradiation in filtered supernatant, which contributed to the formation of N-DBPs with algal chlorination. Overall, this information demonstrated pre-oxidation of UV irradiation could be used to treat the algal-rich drinking water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feilong Dong
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA
| | - Qiufeng Lin
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jing Deng
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Tuqiao Zhang
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Cong Li
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Xuedong Zai
- Erdos City Anxintai Environmental Protection Technology Co. Ltd, Erdos 017000, China
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Zhang K, Tao P, Zhang Y, Liao X, Nie S. Highly thermal conductivity of CNF/AlN hybrid films for thermal management of flexible energy storage devices. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 213:228-235. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.02.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Tao P, Zhang Y, Wu Z, Liao X, Nie S. Enzymatic pretreatment for cellulose nanofibrils isolation from bagasse pulp: Transition of cellulose crystal structure. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 214:1-7. [PMID: 30925976 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In this work, cellulase, low-concentration cold alkali and cellulase combined with cold alkali were used to pretreat unbleached bagasse pulp from which cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs), about 30 nm in diameter, were successfully prepared through ultrafine grinding and high-pressure homogenization. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that cellulase pretreatment increased the crystallinity of CNFs. After low-concentration cold alkali pretreatment, the crystallinity of CNFs significantly reduced and the crystal structure of the cellulose changed from type I to type II. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that CNFs prepared by cellulase combined with cold alkali treatment produced more regenerated cellulose and had lower thermal stability. The use of cellulase and low-concentration cold alkali pretreatments combined with ultrafine grinding and high-pressure homogenization is an environment-friendly method for preparing CNFs. The use of low-concentration cold alkali reduces the consumption of alkali and clean water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Tao
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yuehua Zhang
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Zhengmei Wu
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Xiaoping Liao
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Shuangxi Nie
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, Nanning 530004, China.
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