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Xu W, Chang M, Li J, Li M, Stoks R, Zhang C. Local thermal adaption mediates the sensitivity of Daphnia magna to nanoplastics under global warming scenarios. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 476:134921. [PMID: 38909466 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
The toxicity of nanoplastics at environmentally relevant concentrations has received widespread attention in the context of global warming. Despite numerous studies on the impact of mean temperature (MT), the effects of daily temperature fluctuations (DTFs) on the ecotoxicity of nanoplastics remains largely unexplored. Moreover, the role of evolutionary adaptation in assessing long-term ecological risks is unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of polystyrene nanoplastics (5 μg L-1) on Daphnia magna under varying MT (20 °C and 24 °C) and DTFs (0 °C, 5 °C, and 10 °C). Capitalizing on a space-for-time substitution approach, we further assessed how local thermal adaptation affect the sensitivity of Daphnia to nanoplastics under global warming. Our results indicated that nanoplastics exposure in general reduced heartbeat rate, thoracic limb activity and feeding rate, and increased CytP450, ETS activity and Hgb concentrations. Higher MT and DTFs enhanced these effects. Notably, clones originating from their respective sites performed better under their native temperature conditions, indicating local thermal adaptation. Warm-adapted low-latitude D. magna showed stronger nanoplastics-induced increases in CytP450, ETS activity and Hgb concentrations under local MT 24 °C, while cold-adapted high-latitude D. magna showed stronger nanoplastics-induced decreases in heartbeat rate, thoracic limb activity and feeding rate under high MT than under low MT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wencheng Xu
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Mengjie Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jingzhen Li
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Mingyang Li
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Robby Stoks
- Evolutionary Stress Ecology and Ecotoxicology, KU Leuven, Leuven B-3000, Belgium
| | - Chao Zhang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China.
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2
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Carvalho AR, Morão AM, Gonçalves VMF, Tiritan ME, Gorito AM, Pereira MF, Silva AMT, Castro BB, Carrola JS, Amorim MM, Ribeiro ARL, Ribeiro C. Toxicity of butylone and its enantiomers to Daphnia magna and its degradation/toxicity potential using advanced oxidation technologies. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 271:106906. [PMID: 38588636 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.106906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Butylone (BTL) is a chiral synthetic cathinone available as a racemate and reported as contaminant in wastewater effluents. However, there are no studies on its impact on ecosystems and possible enantioselectivity in ecotoxicity. This work aimed to evaluate: (i) the possible ecotoxicity of BTL as racemate or its isolated (R)- and (S)- enantiomers using Daphnia magna; and (ii) the efficiency of advanced oxidation technologies (AOTs) in the removal of BTL and reduction of toxic effects caused by wastewaters. Enantiomers of BTL were obtained by liquid chromatography (LC) using a chiral semi-preparative column. Enantiomeric purity of each enantiomer was > 97 %. For toxicity assessment, a 9-day sub-chronic assay was performed with the racemate (at 0.10, 1.0 or 10 μg L-1) or each enantiomer (at 0.10 or 1.0 μg L-1). Changes in morphophysiological, behavioural, biochemical and reproductive endpoints were observed, which were dependent on the form of the substance and life stage of the organism (juvenile or adult). Removal rates of BTL in spiked wastewater (10 μg L-1) treated with different AOTs (ultraviolet, UV; ozonation, O3; and UV/O3) were similar and lower than 29 %. The 48 h D. magna acute toxicity assays demonstrated a reduction in the toxicity of the treated spiked effluents, but no differences were found amongst AOTs treatments. These results warn for the contamination and negative impact of BTL on ecosystems and highlight the need for efficient removal processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana R Carvalho
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, University Institute of Health Sciences - CESPU 4585-116, Gandra, Portugal; UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Translational Toxicology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Health Sciences (1H-TOXRUN, IUCS-CESPU) 4585-116, Gandra, Portugal; School of Health, Polytechnic Institute of Porto 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana M Morão
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, University Institute of Health Sciences - CESPU 4585-116, Gandra, Portugal
| | - Virgínia M F Gonçalves
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, University Institute of Health Sciences - CESPU 4585-116, Gandra, Portugal; UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Translational Toxicology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Health Sciences (1H-TOXRUN, IUCS-CESPU) 4585-116, Gandra, Portugal; UNIPRO - Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, CRL 4585-116, Gandra, Portugal
| | - Maria Elizabeth Tiritan
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, University Institute of Health Sciences - CESPU 4585-116, Gandra, Portugal; UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Translational Toxicology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Health Sciences (1H-TOXRUN, IUCS-CESPU) 4585-116, Gandra, Portugal; Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana M Gorito
- LSRE-LCM - Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto 4200-465, Porto, Portugal; ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - M Fernando Pereira
- LSRE-LCM - Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto 4200-465, Porto, Portugal; ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - Adrián M T Silva
- LSRE-LCM - Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto 4200-465, Porto, Portugal; ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - Bruno B Castro
- CBMA - Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology / ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal; IB-S - Institute of Science and Innovation for Bio-Sustainability, University of Minho 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - João S Carrola
- Department of Biology and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, CITAB/Inov4Agro 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Maria M Amorim
- School of Health, Polytechnic Institute of Porto 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana R L Ribeiro
- LSRE-LCM - Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto 4200-465, Porto, Portugal; ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto 4200-465, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Cláudia Ribeiro
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, University Institute of Health Sciences - CESPU 4585-116, Gandra, Portugal; UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Translational Toxicology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Health Sciences (1H-TOXRUN, IUCS-CESPU) 4585-116, Gandra, Portugal.
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Masseroni A, Fossati M, Ponti J, Schirinzi G, Becchi A, Saliu F, Soler V, Collini M, Della Torre C, Villa S. Sublethal effects induced by different plastic nano-sized particles in Daphnia magna at environmentally relevant concentrations. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 343:123107. [PMID: 38070641 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
A growing number of studies have reported the toxic effects of nanoplastics (NPs) on organisms. However, the focus of these studies has almost exclusively been on the use of polystyrene (PS) nanospheres. Herein, we aim to evaluate the sublethal effects on Daphnia magna juveniles of three different NP polymers: PS-NPs with an average size of 200 nm, polyethylene [PE] NPs and polyvinyl chloride [PVC] NPs with a size distribution between 50 and 350 nm and a comparable mean size. For each polymer, five environmentally relevant concentrations were tested (from 2.5 to 250 μg/L) for an exposure time of 48 h. NP effects were assessed at the biochemical level by investigating the amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the activity of the antioxidant enzyme catalase (CAT) and at the behavioral level by evaluating the swimming behavior (distance moved). Our results highlight that exposure to PVC-NPs can have sublethal effects on Daphnia magna at the biochemical and behavioral levels. The potential role of particle size on the measured effects cannot be excluded as PVC and PE showed a wider size range distribution than PS, with particles displaying sizes from 50 to 350 nm. However, we infer that the chemical structure of PVC, which differs from that of PE of the same range size, concurs to explain the observed effects. Consequently, as PS seems not to be the most hazardous polymer, we suggest that the use of data on PS toxicity alone can lead to an underestimation of NP hazards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Masseroni
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, DISAT, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza Della Scienza 1, 20126, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Fossati
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Giovanni Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Jessica Ponti
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Becchi
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, DISAT, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza Della Scienza 1, 20126, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Saliu
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, DISAT, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza Della Scienza 1, 20126, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Soler
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, DISAT, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza Della Scienza 1, 20126, Milan, Italy
| | - Maddalena Collini
- Department of Physics "Giuseppe Occhialini, " University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza Della Scienza 3, 20126, Milan, Italy
| | - Camilla Della Torre
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Giovanni Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Villa
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, DISAT, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza Della Scienza 1, 20126, Milan, Italy.
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Mishra M. Daphnia magna as a Model Organism to Predict the Teratogenic Effect of Different Compounds. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2753:261-281. [PMID: 38285344 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3625-1_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
For aquatic ecosystem Daphnia magna is evolving as a model organism to check the teratogenicity of numerous compounds. D. magna can be easily cultured in the laboratory, and the teratogen effect of several compounds can be easily studied. The developmental stages are well studied in D. magna. All the developmental stages are transparent so the defect can be easily accessed. So, the postembryonic developmental changes can be easily studied after the exposure with teratogen. More importantly, D. magna also have a swimming behavioral phenotype. The behavioral defect can be easily accessed after teratogen exposure. The current chapter summarizes numerous protocols associated with embryo and adult staining and adult behavioral assays that can be used to access the teratogenicity of any unknown compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monalisa Mishra
- Neural Developmental Biology Lab, Department of Life Science, NIT Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, India.
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Zhang X, Guo J, Huang Y, Lu G. Toxicity evolution and control for the UV/H 2O 2 degradation of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds: SDZ and PMM. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 338:139541. [PMID: 37467855 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to achieve toxicity control of sulfadiazine (SDZ) and pirimiphos-methyl (PMM) via the UV/H2O2 process by optimizing the reaction parameters. The results show that both drugs had a good degradation effect under the following parameters: a H2O2 molar ratio of 1:200, and neutral conditions. SDZ and PMM could be degraded by more than 99% within 3 min, respectively. In the Daphnia magna acute toxicity assay and Vibrio fischeri inhibition assay, both SDZ and PMM exhibited a phenomenon of increasing toxicity. Additionally, through the use of density functional theory (DFT) calculation and HPLC-QTOF-MS, 21 transformation products (TPs) were identified, and the principal degradation pathways were proposed. The toxicity of the TPs was determined by comparing the QSAR prediction results with toxicity test data. As a result, under the higher UV light intensity (2300 μW/cm2) and neutral conditions, SDZ showed highest toxicity, whereas PMM showed lowest toxicity under the lowest UV light intensity (450 μW/cm2) and neutral conditions. Four main toxic TPs were identified, and their yields could be reduced by adjusting the reaction parameters. Therefore, the selection of appropriate reaction parameters could reduce the production of toxic TPs and ensure the safety of water environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinke Zhang
- School of Environment, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Junjie Guo
- School of Environment, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Yao Huang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China.
| | - Gang Lu
- School of Environment, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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Ben Chabchoubi I, Lam SS, Pane SE, Ksibi M, Guerriero G, Hentati O. Hazard and health risk assessment of exposure to pharmaceutical active compounds via toxicological evaluation by zebrafish. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 324:120698. [PMID: 36435277 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The uncontrolled or continuous release of effluents from wastewater treatment plants leads to the omnipresence of pharmaceutical active compounds (PhACs) in the aquatic media. Today, this is a confirmed problem becoming a main subject of twin public and scientific concerns. However, still little information is available about the long-term impacts of these PhACs on aquatic organisms. In this review, efforts were made to reveal correlation between the occurrence in the environment, ecotoxicological and health risks of different PhACs via toxicological evaluation by zebrafish (Danio rerio). This animal model served as a bioindicator for any health impacts after the exposure to these contaminants and to better understand the responses in relation to human diseases. This review paper focused on the calculation of Risk Quotients (RQs) of 34 PhACs based on environmental and ecotoxicological data available in the literature and prediction from the ECOSAR V2.2 software. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first report on the risk assessment of PhACs by the two different methods as mentioned above. RQs showed greater difference in potential environmental risks of the PhACs. These differences in risk values underline the importance of environmental and experimental factors in exposure conditions and the interpretation of RQ values. While the results showed high risk to Danio rerio of the majority of PhACs, risk qualification of the others varied between moderate to insignifiant. Further research is needed to assess pharmaceutical hazards when present in wastewater before discharge and monitor the effectiveness of treatment processes. The recent new advances in the morphological assessment of toxicant-exposed zebrafish larvae for the determination of test compounds effects on the developmental endpoints were also discussed. This review emphasizes the need for strict regulations on the release of PhACs into environmental media in order to minimize their toxicity to aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imen Ben Chabchoubi
- Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Rue Taher Haddad, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia; Laboratoire Génie de l'Environnement et Ecotechnologie (GEET), Université de Sfax, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax (ENIS), Route de Soukra, Km 3.5, B.P. 1173, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Su Shiung Lam
- Higher Institution Center of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), University Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia; Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India
| | - Stacey Ellen Pane
- Department of Biology, Federico II University of Naples, Via Cinthia 26, 80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - Mohamed Ksibi
- Laboratoire Génie de l'Environnement et Ecotechnologie (GEET), Université de Sfax, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax (ENIS), Route de Soukra, Km 3.5, B.P. 1173, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Giulia Guerriero
- Department of Biology, Federico II University of Naples, Via Cinthia 26, 80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - Olfa Hentati
- Laboratoire Génie de l'Environnement et Ecotechnologie (GEET), Université de Sfax, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax (ENIS), Route de Soukra, Km 3.5, B.P. 1173, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia; Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Route de Soukra, Km 4.5, B.P 1175, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia.
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He Z, Chen Y, Huo D, Gao J, Xu Y, Yang R, Yang Y, Yu G. Combined methods elucidate the multi-organ toxicity of cylindrospermopsin (CYN) on Daphnia magna. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 324:121250. [PMID: 36813104 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Global water bodies are now at risk from inevitable cyanobacterial blooms and their production of multiple cyanotoxins, in particular cylindrospermopsin (CYN). However, research on the CYN toxicity and its molecular mechanisms is still limited, whilst the responses of aquatic species against CYN are uncovered. By integrating behavioral observations, chemical detections and transcriptome analysis, this study demonstrated that CYN exerted multi-organ toxicity to model species, Daphnia magna. The present study confirmed that CYN could cause protein inhibition by undermining total protein contents, and altered the gene expression related to proteolysis. Meantime, CYN induced oxidative stress by increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, decreasing the glutathione (GSH) concentration, and interfered with protoheme formation process molecularly. Neurotoxicity led by CYN was solidly determined by abnormal swimming patterns, reduced acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and downward expression of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (CHRM). Importantly, for the first time, this research determined CYN directly interfered with energy metabolism in cladocerans. CYN distinctively reduced filtration and ingestion rate by targeting on heart and thoracic limbs, which declined the energy intake, and could be further displayed by the reduction of motional strength and the trypsin concentration. These phenotypic alterations were supported by transcriptomic profile, including the down-regulation of oxidative phosphorylation and ATP synthesis. Moreover, CYN was speculated to trigger the self-defense responses of D. magna, known as "abandon-ship" by moderating lipid metabolism and distribution. This study, overall, comprehensively demonstrated the CYN toxicity and the responses of D. magna against it, which is of great significance to the advancements of CYN toxicity knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongshi He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Youxin Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Da Huo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Jin Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yewei Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Rui Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yiming Yang
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Gongliang Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Pérez-Pereira A, Carvalho AR, Carrola JS, Tiritan ME, Ribeiro C. Integrated Approach for Synthetic Cathinone Drug Prioritization and Risk Assessment: In Silico Approach and Sub-Chronic Studies in Daphnia magna and Tetrahymena thermophila. Molecules 2023; 28:2899. [PMID: 37049662 PMCID: PMC10096003 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28072899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Synthetic cathinones (SC) are drugs of abuse that have been reported in wastewaters and rivers raising concern about potential hazards to non-target organisms. In this work, 44 SC were selected for in silico studies, and a group of five emerging SC was prioritized for further in vivo ecotoxicity studies: buphedrone (BPD), 3,4-dimethylmethcathinone (3,4-DMMC), butylone (BTL), 3-methylmethcathinone (3-MMC), and 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV). In vivo short-term exposures were performed with the protozoan Tetrahymena thermophila (28 h growth inhibition assay) and the microcrustacean Daphnia magna by checking different indicators of toxicity across life stage (8 days sublethal assay at 10.00 µg L-1). The in silico approaches predicted a higher toxic potential of MDPV and lower toxicity of BTL to the model organisms (green algae, protozoan, daphnia, and fish), regarding the selected SC for the in vivo experiments. The in vivo assays showed protozoan growth inhibition with MDPV > BPD > 3,4-DMMC, whereas no effects were observed for BTL and stimulation of growth was observed for 3-MMC. For daphnia, the responses were dependent on the substance and life stage. Briefly, all five SC interfered with the morphophysiological parameters of juveniles and/or adults. Changes in swimming behavior were observed for BPD and 3,4-DMMC, and reproductive parameters were affected by MDPV. Oxidative stress and changes in enzymatic activities were noted except for 3-MMC. Overall, the in silico data agreed with the in vivo protozoan experiments except for 3-MMC, whereas daphnia in vivo experiments showed that at sublethal concentrations, all selected SC interfered with different endpoints. This study shows the importance to assess SC ecotoxicity as it can distress aquatic species and interfere with food web ecology and ecosystem balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariana Pérez-Pereira
- TOXRUN—Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences, IUCS-CESPU, CRL, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
- Department of Biology and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), CITAB, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita Carvalho
- TOXRUN—Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences, IUCS-CESPU, CRL, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
| | - João Soares Carrola
- Department of Biology and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), CITAB, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Inov4Agro—Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Maria Elizabeth Tiritan
- TOXRUN—Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences, IUCS-CESPU, CRL, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Ribeiro
- TOXRUN—Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences, IUCS-CESPU, CRL, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
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Bedrossiantz J, Faria M, Prats E, Barata C, Cachot J, Raldúa D. Heart rate and behavioral responses in three phylogenetically distant aquatic model organisms exposed to environmental concentrations of carbaryl and fenitrothion. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 865:161268. [PMID: 36592917 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Carbaryl and fenitrothion are two insecticides sharing a common mode of action, the inhibition of the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity. Their use is now regulated or banned in different countries, and the environmental levels of both compounds in aquatic ecosystems have decreased to the range of pg/L to ng/L. As these concentrations are below the non-observed-adverse-effect-concentrations (NOAEC) for AChE inhibition reported for both compounds in aquatic organisms, there is a general agreement that the current levels of these two chemicals are safe for aquatic organisms. In this study we have exposed zebrafish, Japanese medaka and Daphnia magna to concentrations of carbaryl and fenitrothion under their NOAECs for 24-h, and the effects on heart rate (HR), basal locomotor activity (BLA), visual motor response (VMR), startle response (SR) and its habituation have been evaluated. Both pesticides increased the HR in the three selected model organisms, although the intensity of this effect was chemical-, concentration- and organism-dependent. The exposure to both pesticides also led to a decrease in BLA and an increase in VMR in all three species, although this effect was only significant in zebrafish larvae. For SR and its habituation, the response profile was more species- and concentration-specific. The results presented in this manuscript demonstrate that concentrations of carbaryl and fenitrothion well below their respective NOAECs induce tachycardia and the impairment of ecologically relevant behaviors in phylogenetically distinct aquatic model organisms, both vertebrates and invertebrates, emphasizing the need to include this range of concentrations in the environmental risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Bedrossiantz
- Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Melissa Faria
- Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva Prats
- Research and Development Center (CID-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Barata
- Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jérôme Cachot
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, EPOC, UMR 5805, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Demetrio Raldúa
- Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
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10
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Ren J, Yang F, Ding N, Mo J, Guo J. Transcriptomic responses to cytotoxic drug cisplatin in water flea Daphnia magna. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 95:103964. [PMID: 36028164 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.103964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cytotoxic drugs have been recognized by the European Union as the potential threat in the aquatic environment. As a typical cytotoxic drug, effects of long-term exposure to cisplatin at the environmentally relevant concentrations on the crustacean health and its molecular mechanism remain undetermined. In this study, the growth and reproduction of Daphnia magna resulting from cisplatin exposure were initially assessed. While the phenotypes were not altered in 2 μg L-1, 20 μg L-1, and 200 μg L-1 treatment groups, cisplatin at 500 µg L-1 significantly reduced the offspring number to 8-13 neonates in each brood, which was lower than 13-27 neonates in the control group. In addition to the delay in the time of first pregnancy, the body length was decreased by approximate 12.13% at day 7. Meanwhile, all daphnids died after exposure to 500 µg L-1 cisplatin for 17 days. Transcriptome profiling bioassays were performed for 10 days to explore the alternation at the molecular level. Briefly, 980 (257 up- and 723 down-regulated), 429 (182 up- and 247 down-regulated) and 1984 (616 up-regulated and 1368 down-regulated) genes were differentially expressed (adj p < 0.05) in low (2 μg L-1), medium (200 μg L-1) and high (500 μg L-1) cisplatin treatment groups, respectively. Differentially expressed genes were primarily enriched in the digestion and absorption, nerve conduction, endocrine interference, and circulatory related pathways. Specifically, the down-regulated digestive secretion and nutrient absorption and neuronal conduction pathways may lead to insufficient energy supply involved in growth and reproduction, and hinder ovarian development and cell growth. Down-regulation of ovarian steroids and relaxin signaling pathways may be related to the reduction of offspring number and delayed pregnancy, and reduced body length of D. magna may attribute to the enrichment of insulin secretion pathway. In addition, the death of D. magna may result from the reduced expression of genes in cardiomyocyte contraction and apoptosome processes. Taken together, this study revealed the potential toxic mechanism of cisplatin in a model water flea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingya Ren
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Fangshe Yang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Ning Ding
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Jiezhang Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jiahua Guo
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China.
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11
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Wei X, Li X, Liu H, Lei H, Sun W, Li D, Dong W, Chen H, Xie L. Altered life history traits and transcripts of molting- and reproduction-related genes by cadmium in Daphnia magna. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 31:735-745. [PMID: 35359216 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-022-02541-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a non-essential element and can be toxic to aquatic organisms at low concentrations. Despite its well-known toxicity to Daphnia magna, the effects of Cd on physiological parameters (heart rate and thoracic limb activity) and molting- and reproduction-related genes are relatively understudied. In this study, D. magna were exposed to 0 (control), 25, 50 and 75 μg L-1 of Cd for 7 d and 21 d to determine the toxicity of Cd. The results showed that the Cd body burden in D. magna was significantly increased with elevated Cd concentrations, up to 13.4 μg Cd/g dry weight (dw) after exposure to 75 μg L-1 for 21 d. After 21 d of exposure, the body length and body weight of D. magna were significantly decreased in all Cd treatments compared to the control. The heart rate and thoracic limb activity were reduced by 4.3-11.7 and 5.0-10.3%, respectively. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) were increased by ~24-37% and the activity of catalase (CAT) was inhibited by ~50% compared to the control. The reproductive parameters (i.e., size of the first brood, the total number of offspring per female and the number of offspring per brood) were remarkably reduced, causing adverse effects on the population dynamics. In addition, the transcripts of genes (cyp314, cyp18a1, ecra, usp, hr3, cut, cht and cht3) related to the molting of D. magna were altered, whereas the transcripts of genes (vtg1, vtg2 and vmo1) related to reproduction were down-regulated. This study helps better understand the effects of Cd at different biological levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinrong Wei
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiao Li
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Hongsong Liu
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Haojun Lei
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Weijun Sun
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Dan Li
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Wu Dong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities/Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Toxicant Monitoring and Toxicology, Tongliao, 028000, China
| | - Hongxing Chen
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Lingtian Xie
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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12
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Chang M, Zhang C, Li M, Dong J, Li C, Liu J, Verheyen J, Stoks R. Warming, temperature fluctuations and thermal evolution change the effects of microplastics at an environmentally relevant concentration. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 292:118363. [PMID: 34648840 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics are sometimes considered not harmful at environmentally relevant concentrations. Yet, such studies were conducted under standard thermal conditions and thereby ignored the impacts of higher mean temperatures (MT), and especially daily temperature fluctuations (DTF) under global warming. Moreover, an evolutionary perspective may further benefit the future risk assessment of microplastics under global warming. Here, we investigated the effects of two generations of exposure to an environmentally relevant concentration of polystyrene microplastics (5 μg L-1) under six thermal conditions (2 MT × 3 DTF) on the life history, physiology, and behaviour of Daphnia magna. To assess the impact of thermal evolution we thereby compared Daphnia populations from high and low latitudes. At the standard ecotoxic thermal conditions (constant 20 °C) microplastics almost had no effect except for a slight reduction of the heartbeat rate. Yet, at the challenging thermal conditions (higher MT and/or DTF), microplastics affected each tested variable and caused an earlier maturation, a higher fecundity and intrinsic growth rate, a decreased heartbeat rate, and an increased swimming speed. These effects may be partly explained by hormesis and/or an adaptive response to stress in Daphnia. Moreover, exposure to microplastics at the higher mean temperature increased the fecundity and intrinsic growth rate of cold-adapted high-latitude Daphnia, but not of the warm-adapted low-latitude Daphnia, suggesting that thermal evolution in high-latitude Daphnia may buffer the effects of microplastics under future warming. Our results highlight the critical importance of DTF and thermal evolution for a more realistic risk assessment of microplastics under global warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjie Chang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China.
| | - Mingyang Li
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Junyu Dong
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Changchao Li
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Julie Verheyen
- Evolutionary Stress Ecology and Ecotoxicology, KU Leuven, Leuven, B-3000, Belgium
| | - Robby Stoks
- Evolutionary Stress Ecology and Ecotoxicology, KU Leuven, Leuven, B-3000, Belgium
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13
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Abstract
The uncontrolled release of pharmaceutical drugs into the environment raised serious concerns in the last decades as they can potentially exert adverse effects on living organisms even at the low concentrations at which they are typically found. Among them, platinum based cytostatic drugs (Pt CDs) are among the most used drugs in cancer treatments which are administered via intravenous infusion and released partially intact or as transformation products. In this review, the studies on environmental occurrence, transformation, potential ecotoxicity, and possible treatment for the removal of platinum cytostatic compounds are revised. The analysis of the literature highlighted the generally low total platinum concentration values (from a few tens of ng L−1 to a few hundred μg L−1) found in hospital effluents. Additionally, several studies highlighted how hospitals are sources of a minor fraction of the total Pt CDs found in the environment due to the slow excretion rate which is longer than the usual treatment durations. Only some data about the impact of the exposure to low levels of Pt CDs on the health of flora and fauna are present in literature. In some cases, adverse effects have been shown to occur in living organisms, even at low concentrations. Further ecotoxicity data are needed to support or exclude their chronic effects on the ecosystem. Finally, fundamental understanding is required on the platinum drugs removal by MBR, AOPs, technologies, and adsorption.
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14
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Szabelak A, Bownik A. Behavioral and physiological responses of Daphnia magna to salicylic acid. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 270:128660. [PMID: 33268096 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Salicylic acid (SA), a metabolite of acetylsalicylic acid is a monohydroxybenzoic acid a common non-steroidal analgesic and anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) frequently detected in various aquatic ecosystems at concentrations up to 19.50 μg L-1 in surface waters near livestock farms and 59.6 μg L-1 in wastewaters. Little is known on the effects of short-term exposure of freshwater crustaceans to salicylic acid. Therefore, the aim of our study was to determine the effects of SA at concentrations of 5 μg L-1, 500 μg L-1, 5 mg L-1, 50 mg L-1 and 500 mg L-1 on the behavior (swimming speed, swimming height, distance travelled) and physiological endpoints (heart rate, mandible movement) of Daphnia magna exposed for 24 h, 48 h and 72 h. The results showed that SA inhibited the swimming speed, swimming height and distance travelled, heart rate and mandible movement at 5 mg L-1, 50 mg L-1 and 500 mg L-1 when compared to the control. On the other hand, SA at 5 μg L-1 and 500 μg L-1 transiently increased swimming speed and distance travelled after 24 h of the exposure, except for swimming height. Behavioral and physiological disturbances were observed much earlier than lethality. Our study showed SA at environmental levels may be an ecotoxicological agent imparing behavior and physiology of freshwater crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Szabelak
- Department of Hydrobiology and Protection of Ecosystems, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Dobrzańskiego 37, 20-262, Lublin, Poland
| | - Adam Bownik
- Department of Hydrobiology and Protection of Ecosystems, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Dobrzańskiego 37, 20-262, Lublin, Poland.
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15
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Bownik A, Szabelak A. Short-term effects of pesticide fipronil on behavioral and physiological endpoints of Daphnia magna. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:10.1007/s11356-021-13091-6. [PMID: 33638071 PMCID: PMC8241664 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13091-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Fipronil (FIP) is an organic pesticide with many practical uses. Although some results indicated toxic effects in some terrestrial and aquatic animal species, little is known on its influence on behavioral and physiological endpoints of cladocerans. The aim of our study was to determine the short-term effects of FIP at concentrations of 0.1 μg/L, 1 μg/L, 10 μg/L, and 100 μg/L on Daphnia magna sublethal indices: behavioral (swimming speed, distance traveled) and physiological endpoints (heart rate, post-abdominal claw activity and thoracic limb movements). The results showed that FIP induced reduction of swimming speed and distance traveled in a concentration- and time-dependent manner at all the concentrations used. The lowest concentration of the insecticide temporarily stimulated post-abdominal claw activity after 24 h and thoracic limb activity after 48 h; however, the highest concentrations reduced all the studied physiological endpoints. IC50 values showed that thoracic limb activity, swimming speed, and distance traveled were most sensitive to FIP after 24-h exposure. The most sensitive parameter after 48 h and 72 h was swimming speed and post-abdominal claw activity, respectively. The study indicated that (i) behavioral and physiological endpoints of Daphnia magna are reliable and valuable sublethal indicators of toxic alterations induced by FIP; however, they respond with different sensitivity at various times of exposure, (ii) FIP may alter cladoceran behavior and physiological processes at concentrations detected in the aquatic environment; therefore, it should be considered as an ecotoxicological hazard to freshwater cladocerans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Bownik
- Department of Hydrobiology and Protection of Ecosystems, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Dobrzańskiego 37, 20-262, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Aleksandra Szabelak
- Department of Hydrobiology and Protection of Ecosystems, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Dobrzańskiego 37, 20-262, Lublin, Poland
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16
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Kowal K, Tkaczyk A, Pierzchała M, Bownik A, Ślaska B. Identification of Mitochondrial DNA (NUMTs) in the Nuclear Genome of Daphnia magna. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8725. [PMID: 33218217 PMCID: PMC7699184 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This is the first study in which the Daphnia magna (D. magna) nuclear genome (nDNA) obtained from the GenBank database was analyzed for pseudogene sequences of mitochondrial origin. To date, there is no information about pseudogenes localized in D. magna genome. This study aimed to identify NUMTs, their length, homology, and location for potential use in evolutionary studies and to check whether their occurrence causes co-amplification during mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) analyses. Bioinformatic analysis showed 1909 fragments of the mtDNA of D. magna, of which 1630 were located in ten linkage groups (LG) of the nDNA. The best-matched NUMTs covering >90% of the gene sequence have been identified for two mt-tRNA genes, and they may be functional nuclear RNA molecules. Isolating the total DNA in mtDNA studies, co-amplification of nDNA fragments is unlikely in the case of amplification of the whole tRNA genes as well as fragments of other genes. It was observed that TRNA-MET fragments had the highest level of sequence homology, thus they could be evolutionarily the youngest. The lowest homology was found in the D-loop-derived pseudogene. It may probably be the oldest NUMT incorporated into the nDNA; however, further analysis is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Kowal
- Faculty of Animal Sciences and Bioeconomy, Institute of Biological Bases of Animal Production, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13 Str., 20-950 Lublin, Poland; (K.K.); (A.T.)
| | - Angelika Tkaczyk
- Faculty of Animal Sciences and Bioeconomy, Institute of Biological Bases of Animal Production, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13 Str., 20-950 Lublin, Poland; (K.K.); (A.T.)
| | - Mariusz Pierzchała
- Department of Genomics and Biodiversity, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Postępu 36a Str., 05-552 Jastrzębiec, Poland;
| | - Adam Bownik
- Faculty of Environmental Biology, Department of Hydrobiology and Protection of Ecosystems, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Dobrzańskiego 37 Str., 20-262 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Brygida Ślaska
- Faculty of Animal Sciences and Bioeconomy, Institute of Biological Bases of Animal Production, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13 Str., 20-950 Lublin, Poland; (K.K.); (A.T.)
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17
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Bownik A, Jasieczek M, Kosztowny E. Ketoprofen affects swimming behavior and impairs physiological endpoints of Daphnia magna. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 725:138312. [PMID: 32304961 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ketoprofen (KET) is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory and analgesic drug commonly used in human and veterinary medicine. This compound is detected in aquatic reservoirs however, little is known about its influence on cladocerans. Therefore, the aim of our study was to determine the influence of KET at concentrations of 0.005 mg/L, 0.05 mg/L, 0.5 mg/L, 5 mg/L and 50 mg/L on behavioral (swimming speed, hopping frequency) and physiological endpoints (heart rate, thoracic limb activity, mandible movements) of Daphnia magna after 24 h and 48 h exposure. The study showed that swimming speed frequency was decreased after 24 h and 48 h at all the concentrations used in the experiment. Hopping frequency was also inhibited, however the lowest amount of the drug induced transient increase of the parameter after 24 h and its subsequent decrease to the control level after 48 h. Although after 24 h of the exposure physiological parameters: heart rate, thoracic limb activity and mandible movements showed slightly lower sensitivity to KET than the behavioral endpoints: were found to be inhibited after 48 h. The results revealed that both behavioral and physiological endpoints of daphnids responded to KET also at the environmental level, therefore in natural conditions this drug should be considered as a hazardous toxicant to crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Bownik
- Department of Hydrobiology and Protection of Ecosystems, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, ul. Dobrzańskiego 37, 20-262 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Jasieczek
- Department of Hydrobiology and Protection of Ecosystems, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, ul. Dobrzańskiego 37, 20-262 Lublin, Poland
| | - Ewelina Kosztowny
- Department of Hydrobiology and Protection of Ecosystems, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, ul. Dobrzańskiego 37, 20-262 Lublin, Poland
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