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Pápai M, Benedek T, Sörös C, Háhn J, Csenki Z, Bock I, Táncsics A, Kriszt B. Biotransformation of diclofenac by Stenotrophomonas humi strain DIC_5 and toxicological examination of the resulting metabolites. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:485. [PMID: 39392498 PMCID: PMC11469998 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13320-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2024] [Revised: 09/18/2024] [Accepted: 09/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024]
Abstract
The widely used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, diclofenac, detected in increasing concentrations in freshwater ecosystems, is among the most pressing environmental problems today. In this study, the bacterial isolate Stenotrophomonas humi strain DIC_5 was capable of degrading diclofenac. It eliminated 75.1% of diclofenac at an initial concentration of 1.5 mg/L after 8 days in the presence of glucose (3.0 g/L). During the process, nitro-diclofenac was identified as a resulting metabolite, whose concentration increased significantly in the bacterial medium from the 7th day of the experiment, while the concentration of diclofenac decreased correspondingly. The ecotoxicological tests on Aliivibrio fischeri and zebrafish embryos showed that the bacterial metabolites without diclofenac have a higher toxicity (up to 35.5% bacterial bioluminescence inhibition and 36.7% embryo mortality) than the diclofenac degradation residues (28% and 26.7%, respectively). Based on these results, neither diclofenac nor its degradation products exhibit toxic effects on the test organisms. Conversely, the toxic effect caused by the bacteria was reduced in the presence of diclofenac. Our work highlights the importance of using biotic controls in biotransformation trials, especially when the foreign material is applied in intermediate or environmentally relevant concentration ranges. KEY POINTS: • Biotransformation of diclofenac by bacteria isolated from a bacterial biofilm. • Biotransformation of diclofenac led to the formation of nitro-diclofenac. • Microorganisms are alternatives for reducing the concentration of diclofenac in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márton Pápai
- Department of Molecular Ecology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Páter Károly u. 1, 2100, Gödöllő, Hungary.
| | - Tibor Benedek
- S.C. Remete Analytica Laboratories S.R.L, Ro-537250, Gyergyóremete, Romania
| | - Csilla Sörös
- Department of Food Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Villányi út 29-43, 1118, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Judit Háhn
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Páter Károly u. 1, 2100, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Csenki
- Department of Environmental Safety, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Páter Károly. u. 1, 2100, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Illés Bock
- Department of Environmental Safety, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Páter Károly. u. 1, 2100, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - András Táncsics
- Department of Molecular Ecology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Páter Károly u. 1, 2100, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Balázs Kriszt
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Páter Károly u. 1, 2100, Gödöllő, Hungary
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Huang J, Zhu Z, Chen R, Pan D, Li QX, Wu X. Identification of a Novel Ibuprofen Biotransformation Pathway in Streptomyces sp. D218 and Detoxification as Indicated by the Green Algae Scenedesmus obliquus. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:22199-22207. [PMID: 39315890 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c05967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
Ibuprofen, a widely used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, contaminates agricultural products and potentially threatens human health due to its frequent detection and poor biodegradability. Microbial metabolism dominates the elimination of residual ibuprofen in the environment. In mineral salt medium at pH 6 with 5 mM glucose, Streptomyces sp. D218 transformed ibuprofen concentrations ranging from 0.05 to 0.40 mM in 24 h. The optimal temperature, pH, and initial OD600 nm for ibuprofen transformation by strain D218 were 25-37 °C, 5.0-6.0, and 1.0-1.5, respectively. Strain D218 could simultaneously transform ibuprofen into the intermediates 2-hydroxyibuprofen and ibuprofen amide (IBUA). The two intermediates were further metabolized to 2-hydroxyibuprofen amide (2HIBUA), thus relieving the growth inhibition of ibuprofen in Scenedesmus obliquus. This is the first complete pathway reported for the detoxification of ibuprofen transformation by a Gram-positive strain. These findings further our understanding of the microbial catabolism of the IBU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Huang
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Hazardous Factors and Risk Control of Agri-food Quality Safety, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Zilin Zhu
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Hazardous Factors and Risk Control of Agri-food Quality Safety, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Ruomu Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Hazardous Factors and Risk Control of Agri-food Quality Safety, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Dandan Pan
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Hazardous Factors and Risk Control of Agri-food Quality Safety, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Qing X Li
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1955 East-West Road, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
| | - Xiangwei Wu
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Hazardous Factors and Risk Control of Agri-food Quality Safety, Hefei 230036, China
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Wang K, Xu L, Ma J, Zhou Y, Jiang Y, Zha J, Cai Y, He J, Jiang J, Qiu J, Mu Y. Characterization of cotinine degradation in a newly isolated Gram-negative strain Pseudomonas sp. JH-2. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:316. [PMID: 38904699 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-04036-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Cotinine, the primary metabolite of nicotine in the human body, is an emerging pollutant in aquatic environments. It causes environmental problems and is harmful to the health of humans and other mammals; however, the mechanisms of its biodegradation have been elucidated incompletely. In this study, a novel Gram-negative strain that could degrade and utilize cotinine as a sole carbon source was isolated from municipal wastewater samples, and its cotinine degradation characteristics and kinetics were determined. Pseudomonas sp. JH-2 was able to degrade 100 mg/L (0.56 mM) of cotinine with high efficiency within 5 days at 30 ℃, pH 7.0, and 1% NaCl. Two intermediates, 6-hydroxycotinine and 6-hydroxy-3-succinoylpyridine (HSP), were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatograph mass spectrometer. The draft whole genome sequence of strain JH-2 was obtained and analyzed to determine genomic structure and function. No homologs of proteins predicted in Nocardioides sp. JQ2195 and reported in nicotine degradation Pyrrolidine pathway were found in strain JH-2, suggesting new enzymes that responsible for cotinine catabolism. These findings provide meaningful insights into the biodegradation of cotinine by Gram-negative bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Lu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jiale Ma
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yinhu Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jie Zha
- Taizhou Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Taizhou, 225300, China
| | - Yanqiu Cai
- Taizhou Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Taizhou, 225300, China
| | - Jian He
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jiandong Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jiguo Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Yang Mu
- Taizhou Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Taizhou, 225300, China.
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Poddar K, Sarkar D, Bhoi R, Sarkar A. Biotransformation of diclofenac by isolated super-degrader Pseudomonas sp. DCα4: Postulated pathways, and attenuated ecotoxicological effects. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 344:123388. [PMID: 38242311 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Significant concentrations of emerging xenobiotics, like diclofenac (DCF), possessing severe irreversible eco-toxicological threats, has been detected in aquatic systems worldwide, raising the concerns. This present investigation is intended to explore an efficient solution to support the existing wastewater treatment policies to handle DCF contamination by bacteria-mediated biotransformation. DCF-tolerant bacterial strains were isolated from pharmaceutical wastewater and selected based on their non-virulence nature and degradation ability. Among those, Pseudomonas sp. DCα4 was found to be the most dominant DCF degrader exhibiting 99.82% removal of DCF confirmed by HPLC after optimization of temperature at 30.02 °C, pH at 6.9, inoculum of 4.94%, and time 68.02 h. The degradation kinetics exhibited the process of DCF degradation followed a first-order kinetics with k of 0.108/h and specific degradation rate of 0.013/h. Moreover, the enzyme activity study indicated predominant hydrolase activity in the DCF treatment broth of DCα4, implying hydrolysis as the main force behind DCF biotransformation. HRMS analysis confirmed the presence of 2-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, 1,3-dichloro,2-amino, 5-hydroxybenzene, and benzylacetic acid as major intermediates of DCF biodegradation indicating non-specific hydrolysis of DCF. Whole genome analysis of most related strains which were confirmed by near full 16S rRNA gene sequence homology study, predicted involvement of different N-C bond hydrolase producing genes like puud, atzF, astB, nit1, and nylB. The ecotoxicological study using Aliivibrio fischeri exhibited 47.51% bioluminescence inhibition by DCF-containing broth which was comparable to the same caused by 1 mg/mL of K2Cr2O7 whereas remediated broth exhibited only 0.51% inhibition implying reduction of the ecotoxic load caused by DCF contamination. Cost analysis revealed that possible integration of the process with existing ones would increase per litre expense by $0.45. These results indicated that the described process of DCF biodegradation using the super-degrader DCα4 would be an advancement of existing pharmaceutical wastewater treatment processes for DCF bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasturi Poddar
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha, 769008, India.
| | - Debapriya Sarkar
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha, 769008, India.
| | - Renupama Bhoi
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha, 769008, India.
| | - Angana Sarkar
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha, 769008, India.
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Tyumina E, Bazhutin G, Kostrikina N, Sorokin V, Mulyukin A, Ivshina I. Phenotypic and metabolic adaptations of Rhodococcus cerastii strain IEGM 1243 to separate and combined effects of diclofenac and ibuprofen. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1275553. [PMID: 38125575 PMCID: PMC10730942 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1275553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The increasing use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) has raised concerns regarding their environmental impact. To address this, understanding the effects of NSAIDs on bacteria is crucial for bioremediation efforts in pharmaceutical-contaminated environments. The primary challenge in breaking down persistent compounds lies not in the biochemical pathways but in capacity of bacteria to surmount stressors. Methods In this study, we examined the biodegradative activity, morphological and physiological changes, and ultrastructural adaptations of Rhodococcus cerastii strain IEGM 1243 when exposed to ibuprofen, diclofenac, and their mixture. Results and Discussion Our findings revealed that R. cerastii IEGM 1243 exhibited moderate biodegradative activity towards the tested NSAIDs. Cellular respiration assay showed higher metabolic activity in the presence of NSAIDs, indicating their influence on bacterial metabolism. Furthermore, catalase activity in R. cerastii IEGM 1243 exposed to NSAIDs showed an initial decrease followed by fluctuations, with the most significant changes observed in the presence of DCF and the NSAID mixture, likely influenced by bacterial growth phases, active NSAID degradation, and the formation of multicellular aggregates, suggesting potential intercellular synergy and task distribution within the bacterial community. Morphometric analysis demonstrated alterations in size, shape, and surface roughness of cells exposed to NSAIDs, with a decrease in surface area and volume, and an increase in surface area-to-volume ratio (SA/V). Moreover, for the first time, transmission electron microscopy confirmed the presence of lipid inclusions, polyphosphates, and intracellular membrane-like structures in the ibuprofen-treated cells. Conclusion These results provide valuable insights into the adaptive responses of R. cerastii IEGM 1243 to NSAIDs, shedding light on the possible interaction between bacteria and pharmaceutical compounds in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Tyumina
- Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Perm, Russia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Perm State University, Perm, Russia
| | - Grigory Bazhutin
- Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Perm, Russia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Perm State University, Perm, Russia
| | - Nadezhda Kostrikina
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir Sorokin
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey Mulyukin
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina Ivshina
- Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Perm, Russia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Perm State University, Perm, Russia
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Zhang X, Guo T, Li H, Zhang D, Hou Y, Han Y, Song Y, Guo J. A novel sulfur autotrophic denitrification in-situ coupled sequencing batch reactor system to treat low carbon to nitrogen ratio municipal wastewater: Performance, niche equilibrium and pollutant removal mechanisms. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 387:129609. [PMID: 37597571 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
A novel integrated sulfur fixed-film activated sludge in SBR system (IS0FAS-SBR) was proposed to treat the low C/N ratio municipal wastewater. The effluent total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) and PO43--P decreased from 17 mg/L and 3.5 mg/L to 8.5 mg/L and 0.5 mg/L, and higher nitrogen removal efficiency was contributed by the autotrophic denitrification. Microbial response characteristics showed that catalase (CAT), reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) alleviated the oxidative stress of sulfur carrier to maintain cell activity, while metabolic activity analysis indicated that the electron transfer rate was enhanced to improve mixotrophic denitrification efficiency. Meanwhile, the increased key enzyme activities further facilitated nitrogen removal and sulfur oxidation process. Additionally, the microbial community, functional proteins and genes revealed a niche equilibrium of C, N, S metabolic bacteria. Sulfur autotrophic in-situ coupled SBR system enlarged a promising strategy for treatment of low C/N ratio municipal wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China; School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tingting Guo
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haibo Li
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China.
| | - Daohong Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Yanan Hou
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Yi Han
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Yuanyuan Song
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Jianbo Guo
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, China
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7
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Liu LY, Liu GS, Niu SM, Liu H, Cui MH, Wang AJ. Atomic hydrogen-mediated enhanced electrocatalytic hydrodehalogenation on Pd@MXene electrodes. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 459:132113. [PMID: 37487329 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a Pd@MXene catalyst was synthesized to enhance the electrocatalytic hydrodehalogenation (ECH) of emerging halogenated organic pollutants (HOPs) by improving the dispersibility, catalytic activity, and stability of palladium (Pd). The average size of Pd nanoparticles (NPs) was reduced to 3.62 ± 0.34 nm with a more intensive peak of Pd (111), which facilitated atomic hydrogen (H*) production. The Pd@MX/CC electrode demonstrated superior ECH activity for diclofenac (DCF) degradation, with a reaction rate constant (kobs) 2.48 times higher than that of Pd/CC (without MXene). The satisfactory ECH performance of Pd@MX/CC remained consistent within a wide range of initial DCF concentrations (5-100 mg/L), and no significant ECH attenuation was observed even after up to 10 batches. Furthermore, the high activity of Pd@MX/CC was also observed in the ECH of other halogenated organic pollutants (levofloxacin, tetrabromobisphenol A, and diatrizoate). Density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed that electronic configuration modulation of the Pd@MXene catalyst optimized binging energies to H* , DCF, and dechlorinated products, thereby enhancing the ECH efficiency of DCF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan-Ying Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Guo-Shuai Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Shi-Ming Niu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - He Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, PR China
| | - Min-Hua Cui
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, PR China.
| | - Ai-Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China; School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, PR China
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Mohamed MSM, Asair AA, Fetyan NAH, Elnagdy SM. Complete Biodegradation of Diclofenac by New Bacterial Strains: Postulated Pathways and Degrading Enzymes. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1445. [PMID: 37374947 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of xenobiotic compounds in different environments interrupts the natural ecosystem and induces high toxicity in non-target organisms. Diclofenac is one of the commonly used pharmaceutical drugs that persist in the environment due to its low natural degradation rate and high toxicity. Therefore, this study aimed to isolate potential diclofenac-degrading bacteria, detect the intermediate metabolites formed, and determine the enzyme involved in the degradation process. Four bacterial isolates were selected based on their ability to utilize a high concentration of diclofenac (40 mg/L) as the sole carbon source. The growth conditions for diclofenac degradation were optimized, and bacteria were identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa (S1), Alcaligenes aquatilis (S2), Achromobacter spanius (S11), and Achromobacter piechaudii (S18). The highest percentage of degradation was recorded (97.79 ± 0.84) after six days of incubation for A. spanius S11, as analyzed by HPLC. To detect and identify biodegradation metabolites, the GC-MS technique was conducted for the most efficient bacterial strains. In all tested isolates, the initial hydroxylation of diclofenac was detected. The cleavage step of the NH bridge between the aromatic rings and the subsequent cleavage of the ring adjacent to or in between the two hydroxyl groups of polyhydroxylated derivatives might be a key step that enables the complete biodegradation of diclofenac by A. piechaudii S18, as well as P. aeruginosa S1. Additionally, the laccase, peroxidase, and dioxygenase enzyme activities of the two Achromobacter strains, as well as P. aeruginosa S1, were tested in the presence and absence of diclofenac. The obtained results from this work are expected to be a useful reference for the development of effective detoxification bioprocesses utilizing bacterial cells as biocatalysts. The complete removal of pharmaceuticals from polluted water will stimulate water reuse, meeting the growing worldwide demand for clean and safe freshwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud S M Mohamed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Ayan A Asair
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Nashwa A H Fetyan
- Department of Microbiology, Soil, Water and Environment Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Sherif M Elnagdy
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
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Pacholak A, Żur-Pińska J, Piński A, Nguyen QA, Ligaj M, Luczak M, Nghiem LD, Kaczorek E. Potential negative effect of long-term exposure to nitrofurans on bacteria isolated from wastewater. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 872:162199. [PMID: 36791847 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Nitrofurans are broad-spectrum bactericidal agents used in a large quantity for veterinary and human therapy. This study reports the long-term impact of two nitrofuran representatives, nitrofurantoin (NFT) and furaltadone (FTD) on the bacterial strains Sphingobacterium siyangense FTD2, Achromobacter pulmonis NFZ2, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia FZD2, isolated from a full-scale wastewater treatment plant. Bacterial whole genome sequencing was used for preliminary strains characterization. The metabolomic, electrochemical, and culture methods were applied to understand changes in the bacterial strains after 12-month exposure to nitrofurans. The most significantly altered metabolic pathways were observed in amino acid and sugar metabolism, and aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis. Disrupted protein biosynthesis was measured in all strains treated with antibiotics. Prolonged exposure to NFT and FTD also triggered mutagenic effects, affected metabolic activity, and facilitated oxidative stress within the cells. Nitrofuran-induced oxidative stress was evidenced from an elevated activity of catalase and glutathione S-transferases. NFT and FTD elicited similar but not identical responses in all analyzed strains. The results obtained in this study provide new insights into the potential risks of the prolonged presence of antimicrobial compounds in the environment and contribute to a better understanding of the possible impacts of nitrofuran antibiotics on the bacterial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Pacholak
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Poland.
| | - Joanna Żur-Pińska
- Biotechnology Centre, The Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland; Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland
| | - Artur Piński
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland
| | - Quynh Anh Nguyen
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Marta Ligaj
- Department of Non-Food Products Quality and Packaging Development, Institute of Quality Science, Poznan University of Economics and Business, Poland
| | - Magdalena Luczak
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Long D Nghiem
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ewa Kaczorek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Poland
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10
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Chen R, Huang J, Li X, Yang C, Wu X. Functional characterization of an efficient ibuprofen-mineralizing bacterial consortium. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 447:130751. [PMID: 36641849 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.130751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Ibuprofen (IBU) is a widely used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), which has attracted widespread attention due to its high frequency of environmental detection, non-degradability and potential ecological risks. However, little is known about the functional characterization of the highly efficient IBU-mineralizing consortium. In this study, an IBU-mineralizing consortium C6 was obtained by continuous enrichment of the original consortium C1 accumulated the metabolite of 2-Hydroxyibuprofen (2HIBU). Methylobacter, Pseudomonas, and Dokdonella spp. were significantly enriched in the consortium C6. Streptomyces sp. had a relative abundance of about 0.01 % in the consortium C1 but extremely low (< 0.001 %) in the consortium C6. Subsequently, two IBU degraders, Streptomyces sp. D218 and Pseudomonas sp. M20 with detection of 2HIBU or not, were isolated from the consortia C1 and C6, respectively. These results imply that the degradation of IBU in the consortia C1 and C6 may be mainly mediated by key players of Streptomyces and Pseudomonas, respectively. This study showed that the composition of the core functional strains of the bacterial community structure was changed by continuous enrichment, which affected the degradation process of IBU. These findings provide new insights into our understanding of the biotransformation process of NSAIDs and provide valuable strain resources for bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruomu Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Junwei Huang
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xiaomeng Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Chen Yang
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xiangwei Wu
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Hefei 230036, China.
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11
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Abbott T, Kor-Bicakci G, Eskicioglu C. Examination of single-stage anaerobic and anoxic/aerobic and dual-stage anaerobic-anoxic/aerobic digestion to remove pharmaceuticals from municipal biosolids. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 791:148237. [PMID: 34126479 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Many trace contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) including a number of pharmaceutically active compounds are not effectively removed during conventional wastewater treatment processes and instead accumulate in wastewater sludge. Unfortunately, many existing sludge stabilization treatments such as anaerobic digestion (AD) also have limited effectiveness against many of these CECs including the four pharmaceuticals ibuprofen, diclofenac, carbamazepine, and azithromycin which can then enter the environment through the disposal or land application of biosolids. Single-stage AD, single-stage cycling aerobic-anoxic (AERO/ANOX) and sequential digesters (AD followed by an AERO/ANOX digester) at sludge retention times (SRT) of 5 to 20-days were evaluated side-by-side to assess their effectiveness in removing pharmaceuticals and conventional organic matter. Single-stage ADs (35 °C) and AERO/ANOX (22 °C) digesters effectively removed total solids while sequential AD + AERO/ANOX digesters offered further improvements. Ibuprofen was not effectively removed during AD and resulted in up to a 23 ± 8% accumulation. However, ibuprofen was completely removed during AERO/ANOX digestion and in several sequential digestion scenarios. Each type of digestion was less effective against carbamazepine with slight (3 ± 2%) accumulations to low levels (14 ± 1%) of removals in each type of digestion studied. Diclofenac was more effectively removed with up 30 ± 3% to 39 ± 4% reductions in the single-stage digesters (AD and AERO/ANOX, respectively). While sequential digestion scenarios with the longest aerobic SRTs significantly increased diclofenac removals from their first-stage digesters, scenarios with the longest anaerobic SRTs actually decreased removals from first-stage digesters, possibly due to reversible biotransformation of diclofenac conjugates/metabolites. Up to 43 ± 6% of azithromycin was removed in AERO/ANOX digesters, while the best performing sequential-digester scenario removed up to 63 ± 7% of azithromycin. This study shows that different digester configurations can reduce the CEC burden in biosolids while also greatly reducing their volumes for disposal, although none can remove CECs completely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Abbott
- UBC Bioreactor Technology Group, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus, 1137 Alumni Avenue, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Gokce Kor-Bicakci
- UBC Bioreactor Technology Group, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus, 1137 Alumni Avenue, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Cigdem Eskicioglu
- UBC Bioreactor Technology Group, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus, 1137 Alumni Avenue, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada.
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12
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Sathishkumar P, Mohan K, Meena RAA, Balasubramanian M, Chitra L, Ganesan AR, Palvannan T, Brar SK, Gu FL. Hazardous impact of diclofenac on mammalian system: Mitigation strategy through green remediation approach. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 419:126135. [PMID: 34157463 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Diclofenac is an anti-inflammatory drug used as an analgesic. It is often detected in various environmental sources around the world and is considered as one of the emerging contaminants (ECs). This paper reviews the distribution of diclofenac at high concentrations in diverse environments and its adverse ecological impact. Recent studies observed strong evidence of the hazardous effect of diclofenac on mammals, including humans. Diclofenac could cause gastrointestinal complications, neurotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, hematotoxicity, genotoxicity, teratogenicity, bone fractures, and skin allergy in mammals even at a low concentration. Collectively, this comprehensive review relates the mode of toxicity, level of exposure, and route of administration as a unique approach for addressing the destructive consequence of diclofenac in mammalian systems. Finally, the mitigation strategy to eradicate the diclofenac toxicity through green remediation is critically discussed. This review will undoubtedly shed light on the toxic effects of pseudo-persistent diclofenac on mammals as well as frame stringent guidelines against its common usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palanivel Sathishkumar
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Kannan Mohan
- PG and Research Department of Zoology, Sri Vasavi College, Erode, Tamil Nadu 638 316, India
| | | | - Murugesan Balasubramanian
- Department of Biotechnology, K.S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode 637 215, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Loganathan Chitra
- Department of Biochemistry, Periyar University, Salem 636 011, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abirami Ramu Ganesan
- Group of Fermentation and Distillation, Laimburg Research Center, Vadena (BZ), Italy
| | | | - Satinder Kaur Brar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Lassonde School of Engineering, York University, North York, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Feng Long Gu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
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Surma R, Wojcieszyńska D, Karcz J, Guzik U. Effect of Pseudomonas moorei KB4 Cells' Immobilisation on Their Degradation Potential and Tolerance towards Paracetamol. Molecules 2021; 26:820. [PMID: 33557429 PMCID: PMC7915102 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26040820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas moorei KB4 is capable of degrading paracetamol, but high concentrations of this drug may cause an accumulation of toxic metabolites. It is known that immobilisation can have a protective effect on bacterial cells; therefore, the toxicity and degradation rate of paracetamol by the immobilised strain KB4 were assessed. Strain KB4 was immobilised on a plant sponge. A toxicity assessment was performed by measuring the concentration of ATP using the colony-forming unit (CFU) method. The kinetic parameters of paracetamol degradation were estimated using the Hill equation. Toxicity analysis showed a protective effect of the carrier at low concentrations of paracetamol. Moreover, a pronounced phenomenon of hormesis was observed in the immobilised systems. The obtained kinetic parameters and the course of the kinetic curves clearly indicate a decrease in the degradation activity of cells after their immobilisation. There was a delay in degradation in the systems with free cells without glucose and immobilised cells with glucose. However, it was demonstrated that the immobilised systems can degrade at least ten succeeding cycles of 20 mg/L paracetamol degradation. The obtained results indicate that the immobilised strain may become a useful tool in the process of paracetamol degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Urszula Guzik
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellonska 28, 40-032 Katowice, Poland; (R.S.); (D.W.); (J.K.)
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