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Grzywaczyk A, Smułek W, Kaczorek E. Saponaria officinalis saponins as a factor increasing permeability of Candida yeasts' biomembrane. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:152. [PMID: 38553646 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-03961-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Saponins are a large group of compounds, produced mostly by plants as a side product of their metabolic activity. These compounds have attracted much attention over the years mostly because of their surface activity and antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antifungal properties. On the other hand, most of the hitherto research has concerned the action of saponins against microbial cells as a whole. Therefore, knowing the possible interaction of saponins with biomembrane, we decided to check in-vitro the influence of saponin-rich extract of Saponaria officinalis on spheroplasts of two Candida sp. The obtained results show that 10 mg L- 1 of extract increased the permeability of spheroplasts up to 21.76% relative to that of the control sample. Moreover, the evaluation of surface potential has revealed a decrease by almost 10 mV relative to that of the untreated samples. Such results suggest its direct correlation to integration of saponins into the biomembrane structure. The obtained results have proved the antifungal potential of saponins and their ability of permeabilization of cells. This proves the high potential of saponins use as additives to antifungal pharmaceutics, which is expected to lead to improvement of their action or reduction of required dosage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Grzywaczyk
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, Poznan, 60-695, Poland.
| | - Wojciech Smułek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, Poznan, 60-695, Poland
| | - Ewa Kaczorek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, Poznan, 60-695, Poland
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Makiej A, Hochór Z, Smułek W, Kaczorek E. The Bioactivity and Physicochemical Properties of Emulsions Based on Tamanu, Moringa, and Inca Inchi Oils. Foods 2023; 13:62. [PMID: 38201090 PMCID: PMC10778635 DOI: 10.3390/foods13010062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
With increasing bacterial resistance to antibiotics, novel strategies for protection against microbial infections are crucial. Emulsions enhance the solubility of natural antibacterial oils and their uptake, making them promising drug delivery systems. However, it is important to find the right emulsifier to ensure that the oil has the right dispersion and does not adversely affect its antibacterial properties. Hence, this study investigated emulsions created from three vegetable oils: moringa oil from Moringa oleifera seeds, inca inchi oil from Plukenetia volubilis seeds, and tamanu oil from the Calophyllum inophyllum fruit. Emulsions were formed using two natural emulsifiers, lecithin and casein, at concentrations of 2.5%, 5%, and 10% (w/w). The study assessed the oil and emulsions' characteristics, including the zeta potential, creaming index, and particle size distribution. The antimicrobial properties of these oils and the most stable emulsions were examined. Gas chromatography was used to analyze the oil compositions. The potential antimicrobial properties of emulsions formulated with natural oils was proved. Particularly noteworthy were emulsions containing a 2.5% inca inchi or tamanu oil, stabilized with casein. The particle size ranged between 100 nm and 900 nm with the average size 300 nm. These emulsions also showed antibacterial activity against selected strains, and the strongest effect was observed for the system with inca inchi oil, which reduced S. epidermidis bacterial activity by more than 60%. Therefore, it can be expected that the completed research will allow the development of antibacterial systems based on inca inchi or tamanu oils for use in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wojciech Smułek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-695 Poznan, Poland; (A.M.); (E.K.)
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Zdarta A, Kaczorek E. Advances in electrospun materials for the adsorption and separation of environmental pollutants: A comprehensive review. Environ Res 2023; 236:116783. [PMID: 37517499 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Despite a broad range of new techniques developed, adsorption methods remain one of the technologies of choice for the removal of contaminants. However, significant progress has also been made in these, which finds reflection in a new spectrum of adsorbents that can be used. This comprehensive review discusses properties, advantages, and perspectives on the use of custom-made electrospun adsorbents in the processes of heavy metals, agrochemicals, and microplastic contaminants removal from the environment. It presents the versatility and adaptability of materials that can be used as electrospun fibers matrix, also considering the mechanism and parameters of the sorption process carried out with them. The presented review proves, that due to the use of new, custom-made sorbents, such as electrospun materials, the adsorption processes still possess great application potential and development opportunities to provide an attractive and effective alternative to other remediation techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Zdarta
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965, Poznan, Greater Poland, Poland.
| | - Ewa Kaczorek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965, Poznan, Greater Poland, Poland.
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Zdarta A, Kaczorek E. Nanomechanical changes in probiotic bacteria under antibiotics exposure: Implications on Lactobacillus biofilm formation. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res 2023; 1870:119533. [PMID: 37414100 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Recognition of the microbial cell's surface constituents' biophysical properties is an important research topic, allowing a better understanding of the cell's behaviour under different conditions. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was employed in this study to analyse the basis of the nanomechanical changes in probiotic bacteria under nitrofurantoin, furazolidone, and nitrofurazone exposure. Recorded significant changes in the two Lactobacillus strains cells morphology, topography, and adhesion parameters resulted in the increase of the cells' longitude (up to 2.58 μm), profile height (by around 0.50 μm), and decrease in the adhesion force (up to 13.58 nN). Young's modulus and adhesion energy decreased within 96 h, however with no negative effect on the cells' morphology or loss of structural integrity. Observed modifications present the mode of action of the 5-nitrofuran derivative antibiotics on probiotic biofilm formation and suggest activation of the multilevel adaptation mechanisms to counteract unfavorable environments. A visual change in bacterial morphology such as an increased surface-to-volume ratio might be a link between molecular-level events and outcomes in individual cells and biofilms. This paper for the first time shows, that these antibiotics affect the properties of non-target microorganisms as lactobacilli, and might impair biofilm formation. However, the degree of such transformations depends on the delivered active substance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Zdarta
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Ewa Kaczorek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
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Grzywaczyk A, Smułek W, Kaczorek E, Zdziennicka A, Jańczuk B. Thermodynamic Consideration of the Solid Saponin Extract Drop-Air System. Molecules 2023; 28:4943. [PMID: 37446605 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28134943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this research was to elucidate the surface active properties of Saponaria officinalis (soapwort) extract containing the plant surfactants saponins. To this end, the advancing contact angle (θ) of water, formamide and diiodomethane on the glass, as well as θ of the aqueous solution of S. officinalis extract fractions on PTFE, PMMA and glass, were studied. Based on the obtained results, the wetting behaviour of saponins was considered with regard to the surface tension components and parameters of the solutions and solids. The investigations also involved the description of the θ isotherms, the dependences between the cosine of contact angle and/or the adhesion of the solution to the solid surfaces and solution surface tension, as well as the critical surface tension of PTFE, PMMA and glass wetting. These dependences were studied based on the saponin adsorption at the different interfaces, which was deduced from the dependence between the adhesion and surface tension of the solution, as well as using the Gibbs and Frumkin isotherm equations. This proved that the saponins are poor wetting agents and that the contact angle isotherm can be described by the exponential function of the second order as well as the Szyszkowski equation, but only for PTFE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Grzywaczyk
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznań University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznań, Poland
| | - Wojciech Smułek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznań University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznań, Poland
| | - Ewa Kaczorek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznań University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna Zdziennicka
- Department of Interfacial Phenomena, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin, Maria Curie-Skłodowska Sq. 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Bronisław Jańczuk
- Department of Interfacial Phenomena, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin, Maria Curie-Skłodowska Sq. 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
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Grzywaczyk A, Smułek W, Olejnik A, Guzik U, Nowak A, Kaczorek E. Co-interaction of nitrofuran antibiotics and the saponin-rich extract on gram-negative bacteria and colon epithelial cells. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:221. [PMID: 37273071 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03669-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Large-scale use of nitrofurans is associated with a number of risks related to a growing resistance to these compounds and the toxic effects following from their increasing presence in wastewater and the environment. The aim of the study was to investigate an impact of natural surfactant, saponins from Sapindus mukorossi, on antimicrobial properties of nitrofuran antibiotics. Measurements of bacterial metabolic activity indicated a synergistic bactericidal effect in samples with nitrofurantoin or furazolidone, to which saponins were added. Their addition led to more than 50% greater reduction in viable cells than in the samples without saponins. On the other hand, no toxic effect against human colon epithelial cell was observed. It was found that exposure to antibiotics and surfactants caused the cell membranes to be dominated by branched fatty acids. Moreover, the presence of saponins reduced the hydrophobicity of the cell surface making them almost completely hydrophilic. The results have confirmed a high affinity of saponins to the cells of Pseudomonas strains. Their beneficial synergistic effect on the action of antibiotics from the nitrofuran group was also demonstrated. This result opens promising prospects for the use of saponins from S. mukorossi as an adjuvant to reduce the emission of antibiotics into the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Grzywaczyk
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-695, Poznan, Poland
| | - Wojciech Smułek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-695, Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Olejnik
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego, 48, 60-627, Poznań, Poland
| | - Urszula Guzik
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellonska 28, 40-032, Katowice, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Nowak
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellonska 28, 40-032, Katowice, Poland
| | - Ewa Kaczorek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-695, Poznan, Poland.
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Pacholak A, Juzwa W, Zgoła-Grześkowiak A, Kaczorek E. Multi-faceted analysis of bacterial transformation of nitrofurantoin. Sci Total Environ 2023; 874:162422. [PMID: 36863585 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Excessive presence of antibiotics and their residues can be dangerous to the natural environment. To reduce this negative effect, efficient strategies to remove them from the ecosystem are required. This study aimed to explore the potential of bacterial strains to degrade nitrofurantoin (NFT). Single strains isolated from contaminated areas, namely Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila N0B, Pseudomonas indoloxydans WB, and Serratia marcescens ODW152 were employed in this study. Degradation efficiency and dynamic changes within the cells during NFT biodegradation were investigated. For this purpose, atomic force microscopy, flow cytometry, zeta potential, and particle size distribution measurements were applied. Serratia marcescens ODW152 showed the highest performance in removal of NFT (96 % in 28 days). The AFM images revealed modifications of cell shape and surface structure induced by NFT. Zeta potential showed significant variations during biodegradation. Cultures exposed to NFT had a broader size distribution than the control cultures due to increased cells agglomeration or aggregation. 1-Aminohydantoin and semicarbazide were detected as nitrofurantoin biotransformation products. They showed increased cytotoxicity toward bacteria as determined by spectroscopy and flow cytometry. Results of this study suggest that nitrofurantoin biodegradation leads to formation of stable transformation products that significantly affect the physiology and structure of bacterial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Pacholak
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Wojciech Juzwa
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Faculty of Food Science, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Ewa Kaczorek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Poznan, Poland
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Pacholak A, Żur-Pińska J, Piński A, Nguyen QA, Ligaj M, Luczak M, Nghiem LD, Kaczorek E. Potential negative effect of long-term exposure to nitrofurans on bacteria isolated from wastewater. Sci Total Environ 2023; 872:162199. [PMID: 36791847 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Nitrofurans are broad-spectrum bactericidal agents used in a large quantity for veterinary and human therapy. This study reports the long-term impact of two nitrofuran representatives, nitrofurantoin (NFT) and furaltadone (FTD) on the bacterial strains Sphingobacterium siyangense FTD2, Achromobacter pulmonis NFZ2, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia FZD2, isolated from a full-scale wastewater treatment plant. Bacterial whole genome sequencing was used for preliminary strains characterization. The metabolomic, electrochemical, and culture methods were applied to understand changes in the bacterial strains after 12-month exposure to nitrofurans. The most significantly altered metabolic pathways were observed in amino acid and sugar metabolism, and aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis. Disrupted protein biosynthesis was measured in all strains treated with antibiotics. Prolonged exposure to NFT and FTD also triggered mutagenic effects, affected metabolic activity, and facilitated oxidative stress within the cells. Nitrofuran-induced oxidative stress was evidenced from an elevated activity of catalase and glutathione S-transferases. NFT and FTD elicited similar but not identical responses in all analyzed strains. The results obtained in this study provide new insights into the potential risks of the prolonged presence of antimicrobial compounds in the environment and contribute to a better understanding of the possible impacts of nitrofuran antibiotics on the bacterial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Pacholak
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Poland.
| | - Joanna Żur-Pińska
- Biotechnology Centre, The Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland; Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland
| | - Artur Piński
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland
| | - Quynh Anh Nguyen
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Marta Ligaj
- Department of Non-Food Products Quality and Packaging Development, Institute of Quality Science, Poznan University of Economics and Business, Poland
| | - Magdalena Luczak
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Long D Nghiem
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ewa Kaczorek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Poland
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Rybarczyk A, Smułek W, Grzywaczyk A, Kaczorek E, Jesionowski T, Nghiem LD, Zdarta J. 3D printed polylactide scaffolding for laccase immobilization to improve enzyme stability and estrogen removal from wastewater. Bioresour Technol 2023; 381:129144. [PMID: 37172744 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
This study reports a biocatalytic system of immobilized laccase and 3D printed open-structure biopolymer scaffoldings. The scaffoldings were computer-designed and 3D printed using polylactide (PLA) filament. The immobilization of laccase onto the 3D printed PLA scaffolds were optimized with regard to pH, enzyme concentration, and immobilization time. Laccase immobilization resulted in a small reduction in reactivity (in terms of Michaelis constant and maximum reaction rate) but led to significant improvement in chemical and thermal stability. After 20 days of storage, the immobilized and free laccase showed 80% and 35% retention of the initial enzymatic activity, respectively. The immobilized laccase on 3D printed PLA scaffolds achieved 10% improvement in the removal of estrogens from real wastewater as compared to free laccase and showed the significant reusability potential. Results here are promising but also highlight the need for further study to improve enzymatic activity and reusability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Rybarczyk
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Wojciech Smułek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Adam Grzywaczyk
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Ewa Kaczorek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Teofil Jesionowski
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Long D Nghiem
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Jakub Zdarta
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland.
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Smułek W, Grząbka-Zasadzińska A, Kilian A, Ciesielczyk F, Borysiak S, Baranowska HM, Walkowiak K, Kaczorek E, Jarzębski M. Design of vitamin-loaded emulsions in agar hydrogel matrix dispersed with plant surfactants. FOOD BIOSCI 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2023.102559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
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Grzywaczyk A, Smułek W, Zgoła-Grześkowiak A, Kaczorek E, Zdziennicka A, Jańczuk B. Nanofiltered saponin-rich extract of Saponaria officinalis – adsorption and aggregation properties of particular fractions. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2023.130937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Pacholak A, Zgoła-Grześkowiak A, Kaczorek E. Dynamics of microbial communities during biotransformation of nitrofurantoin. Environ Res 2023; 216:114531. [PMID: 36244438 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to investigate the biodegradation of nitrofurantoin (NFT), a typical nitrofuran antibiotic of potential carcinogenic properties, by two microbial communities derived from distinct environmental niches - mountain stream (NW) and seaport water (SS). The collected environmental samples represent the reserve of the protected area with no human intervention and the contaminated area that concentrates intense human activities. The structure, composition, and diversity of the communities were analyzed at three timepoints during NFT biodegradation. Comamonadaceae (43.2%) and Pseudomonadaceae (19.6%) were the most abundant families in the initial NW sample. The top families in the initial SS sample included Aeromonadaceae (31.4%) and Vibrionaceae (25.3%). The proportion of the most abundant families in both consortia was remarkably reduced in all samples treated with NFT. The biodiversity significantly increased in both consortia treated with NFT suggesting that NFT significantly alters community structure in the aquatic systems. In this study, NFT removal efficiency and transformation products were also studied. The biodegradation rate decreased with the increasing initial NFT concentration. Biodegradation followed similar pathways for both consortia and led to the formation of transformation products: 1-aminohydantoin, semicarbazide (SEM), and hydrazine (HYD). SEM and HYD were detected for the first time as NFT biotransformation products. This study demonstrates that the structure of the microbial community may be directly correlated with the presence of NFT. Enchanced biodiversity of the microbial community does not have to be correlated with increase in functional capacity, such as the ability to biodegradation because higher biodiversity corresponded to lower biodegradation. Our findings provide new insights into the effect of NFT contamination on aquatic microbiomes. The study also increases our understanding of the environmental impact of nitrofuran residues and their biodegradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Pacholak
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Poland.
| | | | - Ewa Kaczorek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Poland
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Buchwald Z, Sandomierski M, Smułek W, Ratajczak M, Patalas A, Kaczorek E, Voelkel A. Physical–chemical and biological properties of novel resin-based composites for dental applications. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-022-04606-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
AbstractInsufficient mechanical properties of hydroxyapatite-based composites prompted the search for new and effective solutions for dental applications. To improve the mechanical properties without losing the remineralization potential, the use of hybrid fillers was proposed. The first of them was based on the formation of hydroxyapatite (HA) layer on the surface of SYLOID®244 silica. The second of the investigated fillers was created by simultaneous synthesis of nanoparticles from precursors of HA and silica. The obtained fillers were extensively characterized by spectral methods including X-ray Diffractometry (XRD), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray fluorescence (XRF), as well as by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)/Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS). Tests using probiotic microorganisms were an important part of the analysis, indicating that there was no potential interaction of the materials with microflora. The tests of degree of conversion, depth of cure, opacity, sorption, solubility, flexural and compressive strength, and the remineralizing potential also showed that the composites with nano-sized silica/HA showed better mechanical properties than the composites with HA alone or commercial silica and at the same time the remineralization remained at the desired level. Thus, the proposed composite has a high application potential in the creation of implants and dental materials.
Graphical abstract
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14
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Smułek W, Kaczorek E. Factors Influencing the Bioavailability of Organic Molecules to Bacterial Cells-A Mini-Review. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196579. [PMID: 36235114 PMCID: PMC9570905 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The bioavailability of organic compounds to bacterial cells is crucial for their vital activities. This includes both compounds that are desirable to the cells (e.g., sources of energy, carbon, nitrogen, and other nutrients) and undesirable compounds that are toxic to the cells. For this reason, bioavailability is an issue of great importance in many areas of human activity that are related to bacteria, e.g., biotechnological production, bioremediation of organic pollutants, and the use of antibiotics. This article proposes a classification of factors determining bioavailability, dividing them into factors at the physicochemical level (i.e., those related to the solubility of a chemical compound and its transport in aqueous solution) and factors at the microbiological level (i.e., those related to adsorption on the cell surface and those related to transport into the cell). Awareness of the importance of and the mechanisms governing each of the factors described allows their use to change bioavailability in the desired direction.
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Bachosz K, Piasecki A, Zdarta A, Kaczorek E, Pinelo M, Zdarta J, Jesionowski T. Enzymatic membrane reactor in xylose bioconversion with simultaneous cofactor regeneration. Bioorg Chem 2022; 123:105781. [PMID: 35395447 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we present the concept of co-immobilization of xylose dehydrogenase and alcohol dehydrogenase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae on an XN45 nanofiltration membrane for application in the process of xylose bioconversion to xylonic acid with simultaneous cofactor regeneration and membrane separation of reaction products. During the research, the effectiveness of the co-immobilization of enzymes was confirmed, and changes in the properties of the membrane after the processes were determined. Using the obtained biocatalytic system it was possible to obtain 99% xylonic acid production efficiency under optimal conditions, which were 5 mM xylose, 5 mM formaldehyde, ratio of NAD+:NADH 1:1, and 60 min of reaction. Additionally, the co-immobilization of enzymes made it possible to improve stability of the co-immobilized enzymes and to carry out xylose conversion in six consecutive cycles and after 7 days of storage at 4 °C with over 90% efficiency. The presented data confirm the effectiveness of the co-immobilization, improvement of the stability and reusability of the biocatalysts, and show that the obtained enzymatic system is promising for use in xylose bioconversion and simultaneous regeneration of nicotinamide cofactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Bachosz
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Adam Piasecki
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Management, Poznan University of Technology, Jana Pawla II 24, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Agata Zdarta
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Ewa Kaczorek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Manuel Pinelo
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Soltofts Plads, Building 227, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Jakub Zdarta
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Teofil Jesionowski
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland.
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Pacholak A, Burlaga N, Frankowski R, Zgoła-Grześkowiak A, Kaczorek E. Azole fungicides: (Bio)degradation, transformation products and toxicity elucidation. Sci Total Environ 2022; 802:149917. [PMID: 34525765 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The increasing consumption of azole antifungal agents leads to their uncontrolled release into the environment. Therefore, it is crucial to remove their residues from natural ecosystems. This study aimed to examine the biological and chemical degradation of four typical azole fungicides: fluconazole (Fc), clotrimazole (Cl), climbazole (Cb), and epoxiconazole (Ep). The biodegradation was investigated using activated sludge and two novel Gram-negative bacterial strains. The chemical degradation experiments aimed to assess the efficiency of fungicides removal through UV treatment, the Fenton reaction, and a combination of these methods. Transformation products of Cb, Ep, and Cl photocatalytic removal were identified by mass spectrometry. In addition, the AlamarBlue® Assay and the MTT Assay allowed careful evaluation of the toxicity of azole derivatives and their transformation products towards newly isolated strains, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia AsPCl2.3 and Pseudomonas monteilii LB2. Among all azole fungicides, Cb was the most susceptible to biological removal while Fc, Ep, and Cl were basically resistant to biodegradation. Cl and Ep showed a significant biosorption on the activated sludge. Under optimized photolysis conditions, the removal efficiency of Cl, Cb, and Ep was significantly higher than that of biodegradation. The Fenton reaction supported by the UV-irradiation offered the best results of fungicides elimination. After 1 min of the experiment, Cl was almost completely removed while Cb and Ep removal rates reached an average of 60%. The proposed main degradation route of azole fungicides during UV-irradiation includes halogen atoms substitution by hydroxyl moieties. The final degradation product was imidazole or triazole. Azole fungicides and their transformation products differently affected the metabolic activity of Gram-negative bacteria. Cl and Cb intermediates showed lower toxicity than parent compounds. The findings help better understand the environmental impact of azole fungicides, their degradation, and toxicity. They also stress the need for reducing their uncontrolled release to the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Pacholak
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Natalia Burlaga
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Robert Frankowski
- Institute of Chemistry and Technical Electrochemistry, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Zgoła-Grześkowiak
- Institute of Chemistry and Technical Electrochemistry, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Ewa Kaczorek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
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17
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Zdarta A, Smułek W, Bielan Z, Zdarta J, Nguyen LN, Zgoła-Grześkowiak A, Nghiem LD, Jesionowski T, Kaczorek E. Significance of the presence of antibiotics on the microbial consortium in wastewater - The case of nitrofurantoin and furazolidone. Bioresour Technol 2021; 339:125577. [PMID: 34304095 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics in wastewater leads to migration of pollutants and disrupts natural processes of mineralization of organic matter. In order to understand the mechanism of this, research was undertaken on the influence of nitrofurantoin (NFT) and furazolidone (FZD), on the behaviour of a consortium of microorganisms present in a model wastewater in a bioreactor. Our study confirmed biodegradation of the antibiotics by the microbial consortium, with the degradation efficiency within 10 days of 65% for FZD, but only 20% for NFT. The kinetic study proved that the presence of analysed antibiotics had no adverse effect on the microbes, but the consortium behaviour differ significantly with the NFT reducing the consumption of organic carbon in wastewater and increasing the production of extracellular biopolymeric and volatile organic compounds, and the FZD reducing assimilation of other carbon sources to a less extent, at the expense of cellular focus on biodegradation of this antibiotic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Zdarta
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Wojciech Smułek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Bielan
- Department of Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland; Centre for Plasma and Laser Engineering, The Szewalski Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery, Polish Academy of Science, Fiszera 14, 80-231 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Jakub Zdarta
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Luong N Nguyen
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, University of Technology Sydney, 81-113 Broadway, Ultimo NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Agnieszka Zgoła-Grześkowiak
- Institute of Chemistry and Technical Electrochemistry, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Long D Nghiem
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, University of Technology Sydney, 81-113 Broadway, Ultimo NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Teofil Jesionowski
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Ewa Kaczorek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland.
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Smułek W, Burlaga N, Hricovíni M, Medveďová A, Kaczorek E, Hricovíniová Z. Evaluation of surface active and antimicrobial properties of alkyl D-lyxosides and alkyl L-rhamnosides as green surfactants. Chemosphere 2021; 271:129818. [PMID: 33736217 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The use of carbohydrates, as a part of surface-active compounds, has been studied due to their biodegradability and nontoxic profile. A series of alkyl glycosides containing d-lyxose and l-rhamnose with alkyl chains of 8-12 carbon atoms were investigated. The effects of structural variations on their physico-chemical and biological properties have been evaluated for a detailed understanding of their properties. Alkyl glycosides were tested on their toxicity against bacterial cells of the genus Pseudomonas (MTT assay), microbiological adhesion to hydrocarbons (MATH assay), cell surface hydrophobicity (Congo red assay), cell membrane permeability (crystal violet assay), and bacterial biofilm formation. Furthermore, their antifungal activity against two pathogenic microorganisms Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger was investigated using the disc diffusion method. Toxicological studies revealed that compounds could reduce the metabolic activity of bacterial cells only moderately but they increased the hydrophobicity of cell surface in Pseudomonas strains. In addition, alkyl glycosides changed the permeability of the cell membranes to the level of 30-40% for this strain. The compounds with an even number of carbon atoms in their alkyl chain promoted stronger bacterial biofilm formation on the glass surface. All studied derivatives demonstrated very strong antifungal activity against fungus A. niger but very small effect against C. albicans. Overall, the results showed that long-chain alkyl glycosides could be considered as inexpensive, biocompatible, nontoxic agents, and serve for the surface design to avoid bacterial adhesion as an alternative solution to antibiotic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Smułek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Ul. Berdychowo 4, 60-965, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Natalia Burlaga
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Ul. Berdychowo 4, 60-965, Poznan, Poland
| | - Michal Hricovíni
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9, SK-845 38, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Alžbeta Medveďová
- Department of Nutrition and Food Assessment, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, SK-812, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ewa Kaczorek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Ul. Berdychowo 4, 60-965, Poznan, Poland
| | - Zuzana Hricovíniová
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9, SK-845 38, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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Pacholak A, Burlaga N, Guzik U, Kaczorek E. Investigation of the bacterial cell envelope nanomechanical properties after long-term exposure to nitrofurans. J Hazard Mater 2021; 407:124352. [PMID: 33160784 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic residues in the environment may negatively affect biological communities in the natural ecosystems. However, their influence on environmental bacterial strains has not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, two representatives of 5-nitrofuran antibiotics (nitrofurantoin and furaltadone) were investigated in terms of their long-term influence on the cell envelopes of newly isolated environmental bacterial strains (Sphingobacterium caeni FTD2, Achromobacter xylosoxidans NFZ2 and Pseudomonas hibiscicola FZD2). A 12-month exposure of bacterial cells to nitrofurans at a concentration of 20 mg L-1 induced changes in the cell structure and texture (bacteria under stress conditions showed a loss of their original shape and seemed to be vastly inflated, the cells increased average surface roughness after exposure to NFT and FTD, respectively). AFM observations allowed the calculation of the bacterial cell nanomechanical properties. Significant increase in adhesion energy of bacteria after prolonged contact with nitrofurantoin was demonstrated. Changes in the permeability of bacterial membrane, fatty acids' composition and bacterial cell surface hydrophobicity were determined. Despite visible bacterial adaptation to nitrofurans, prolonged presence of pharmaceuticals in the environment has led to significant alterations in the cells' structures which was particularly visible in P. hibiscicola.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Pacholak
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Natalia Burlaga
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Urszula Guzik
- University of Silesia in Katowice, Faculty of Natural Science, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Jagiellońska 28, 40 032 Katowice, Poland.
| | - Ewa Kaczorek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland.
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20
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Smułek W, Bielan Z, Pacholak A, Zdarta A, Zgoła-Grześkowiak A, Zielińska-Jurek A, Kaczorek E. Nitrofurazone Removal from Water Enhanced by Coupling Photocatalysis and Biodegradation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22042186. [PMID: 33671749 PMCID: PMC7926540 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Environmental contamination with antibiotics is particularly serious because the usual methods used in wastewater treatment plants turn out to be insufficient or ineffective. An interesting idea is to support natural biodegradation processes with physicochemical methods as well as with bioaugmentation with efficient microbial degraders. Hence, the aim of our study is evaluation of the effectiveness of different methods of nitrofurazone (NFZ) degradation: photolysis and photodegradation in the presence of two photocatalysts, the commercial TiO2-P25 and a self-obtained Fe3O4@SiO2/TiO2 magnetic photocatalyst. (2) Methods: The chemical nature of the photocatalysis products was investigated using a spectrometric method, and then, they were subjected to biodegradation using the strain Achromobacter xylosoxidans NFZ2. Additionally, the effects of the photodegradation products on bacterial cell surface properties and membranes were studied. (3) Results: Photocatalysis with TiO2-P25 allowed reduction of NFZ by over 90%, demonstrating that this method is twice as effective as photolysis alone. Moreover, the bacterial strain used proved to be effective in the removal of NFZ, as well as its intermediates. (4) Conclusions: The results indicated that photocatalysis alone or coupled with biodegradation with the strain A. xylosoxidans NFZ2 leads to efficient degradation and almost complete mineralization of NFZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Smułek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland; (A.P.); (A.Z.)
- Correspondence: (W.S.); (E.K.)
| | - Zuzanna Bielan
- Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology, Gdansk University of Technology, Gabriela Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland; (Z.B.); (A.Z.-J.)
| | - Amanda Pacholak
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland; (A.P.); (A.Z.)
| | - Agata Zdarta
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland; (A.P.); (A.Z.)
| | - Agnieszka Zgoła-Grześkowiak
- Institute of Chemistry and Technical Electrochemistry, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Anna Zielińska-Jurek
- Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology, Gdansk University of Technology, Gabriela Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland; (Z.B.); (A.Z.-J.)
| | - Ewa Kaczorek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland; (A.P.); (A.Z.)
- Correspondence: (W.S.); (E.K.)
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21
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Zdarta A, Smułek W, Pacholak A, Dudzińska-Bajorek B, Kaczorek E. Surfactant addition in diesel oil degradation - how can it help the microbes? J Environ Health Sci Eng 2020; 18:677-686. [PMID: 33312593 PMCID: PMC7721782 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-020-00494-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Despite wide research on bioremediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated soil, the mechanisms of surfactant-enhanced bioavailability of the contaminants are still unclear. The presented study was focused on the in-depth description of relationships between hydrocarbons, bacteria, and surfactants. In order to that, the biodegradation experiments and cell viability measurements were conducted, and the properties of cell surface were characterized. METHODS MTT assay was employed to measure plant extracts toxicity to microbes. Then, membrane permeability changes were evaluated, followed by diesel oil biodegradation in the presence of surfactants measurements by GCxGC-TOFMS and PCR-RAPD analysis. RESULTS Our study undoubtedly proves that different surfactants promote assimilation of different groups of hydrocarbons and modify cell surface properties in different ways. Increased biodegradation of diesel oil was observed when cultures with Acinetobacter calcoaceticus M1B were supplemented with Saponaria officinalis and Verbascum nigrum extracts. Interestingly, these surfactants exhibit different influences on cell surface properties and their viability in contrast to the other surfactants. Moreover, the preliminary analyses have shown changes in the genome caused by exposure to surfactants. CONCLUSIONS The results indicated that the benefits of surfactant use may be related to deep modification at the omics level, not only that of cell surface properties and confirms the complexity of the interactions between bacterial cells, pollutants and surfactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Zdarta
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Wojciech Smułek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Amanda Pacholak
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Ewa Kaczorek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
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Pacholak A, Gao ZL, Gong XY, Kaczorek E, Cui YW. The metabolic pathways of polyhydroxyalkanoates and exopolysaccharides synthesized by Haloferax mediterranei in response to elevated salinity. J Proteomics 2020; 232:104065. [PMID: 33276193 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2020.104065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
How polymer synthesis is mobilized or activated as a biological response of Haloferax mediterranei against hypertonic conditions remains largely unexplored. This study investigated the protein expression of H. mediterranei in response to high salinity by using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based proteomic analysis. The microbes were harvested at end of fermentation at the NaCl salinity of 75 and 250 g L-1. Among the identified 2123 proteins, 170 proteins were differentially expressed. Gene ontology annotation revealed that the highest number of proteins was annotated in biological process category, which was responsible for metabolic process, cellular component and catalytic activity. Differentially expressed proteins were belonged to the class of response to stimulus as well as catalytic activity and binding. Under high salinity conditions, three pathways were established as key responses of PHA and EPS production to hypertonic pressure. Two overexpressed proteins, beta-ketoacyl-ACP reductase and 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase, enhanced the synthesis of PHAs. The serine-pyruvate transaminase and serine-glyoxylate transaminase were upregulated, thereby increasing the conversion of glucose to PHA. Downregulated levels of sulfate-adenylyl transferase and adenylyl-sulfate kinase could cause diminished EPS synthesis. This study could contribute to better understanding of the proteomic mechanisms of the synthesized polymers in defending against salt stress. SIGNIFICANCE: Haloferax mediterranei, a family member of halophilic archaea, is well known for its fermentative production of poly-β-hydroxyalkanoates (PHAs). PHAs are natural polymers that exhibit great potential in a wide range of applications such as a good alternative to petroleum-based plastics and the biocompatible material. For decades, the functional role of PHAs synthesized by H. mediterranei is deemed to be carbon and energy reservations. The finding proved that differential production of PHA and EPS in H. mediterranei exposed to elevated salinity was caused by differential protein expression. This is the first report on how PHA and EPS synthesized by H. mediterranei is mobilized as the response of increased salinity, contributing to the understanding of halophilic archaea's response to hypertonic stress and the precise control of fermentation production. Despite its advantages as a PHA cell factory, H. mediterranei synthesized EPS simultaneously, thereby lowering the maximum yield of PHA production. Overall, salinity can be used as a vital microbial fermentation parameter to obtain the highest harvest of PHA, as well as the lowest EPS synthesis in industrial fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Pacholak
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, College of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100124, China; Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Ze-Liang Gao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, College of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Gong
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, College of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Ewa Kaczorek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - You-Wei Cui
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, College of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100124, China.
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Smułek W, Zdarta A, Grzywaczyk A, Guzik U, Siwińska-Ciesielczyk K, Ciesielczyk F, Strzemiecka B, Jesionowski T, Voelkel A, Kaczorek E. Evaluation of the physico-chemical properties of hydrocarbons-exposed bacterial biomass. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 196:111310. [PMID: 32911293 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In the efforts for the removal of hazardous materials from the environment biological processes are a valuable tool. Although much attention has been paid to the changes in bacteria at the omics level, another, physical-chemical perspective on the issue is essential, as little is known of microbial response to continuous exposition on harmful substances. This study provides in-depth characterization of the physical-chemical parameters of bacterial biomass after hydrocarbons exposure. To provide comparability of the harmful effects of chlorotoluenes and xylenes non-exposed and 12-months hydrocarbons exposed cells were analyzed, using the advanced spectrometric methods, inverse gas chromatography and low-temperature N2 sorption to evaluate acid-base as well as dispersive properties of the studied biomass. Presented results indicate P. fluorescens B01 cells strategy aimed at protecting the cell, thus lowering its' biodegradation efficiency as a result of metabolic stress. The outcome of the study was that prolonged exposure to pollutants might reduce the bioavailability of hydrocarbons to bacteria cells, and consequently decrease the effectiveness of decontamination of polluted sites by indigenous microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Smułek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznań, Poland
| | - Agata Zdarta
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Adam Grzywaczyk
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznań, Poland
| | - Urszula Guzik
- University of Silesia in Katowice, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of Biochemistry, Jagiellońska 28, 40-032 Katowice, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Siwińska-Ciesielczyk
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznań, Poland
| | - Filip Ciesielczyk
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznań, Poland
| | - Beata Strzemiecka
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznań, Poland
| | - Teofil Jesionowski
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznań, Poland
| | - Adam Voelkel
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznań, Poland
| | - Ewa Kaczorek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznań, Poland
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Zdarta A, Smułek W, Kaczorek E. Multilevel changes in bacterial properties on long-term exposure to hydrocarbons and impact of these cells on fresh-water communities. Sci Total Environ 2020; 729:138956. [PMID: 32498169 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
To handle the impact of habitat transformations, the microbial cells developed mechanisms aimed at adjustment of their biological processes in response to signals indicating environmental changes. One of the first changes in their properties is observed on their surface, which has direct contact with the dynamically varying surroundings. In this study, we present results of changes in the cell surface properties which may have a decisive impact on the xenobiotics' bioavailability and microbial cell survival. These changes influence their ability to remove xenobiotics by accelerating and empowering this process. Moreover, the application of microorganisms exposed for long-term to hydrocarbons in bioremediation processes might have positive impact on biodegradation of the latter in the natural environment as well as natural microbial community diversity. This study demonstrates a variety of microbial cell mechanisms of adaptation to long-term exposure to hydrocarbons and their potential as the bioremediation tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Zdarta
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Wojciech Smułek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Ewa Kaczorek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
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Jarzębski M, Smułek W, Baranowska HM, Masewicz Ł, Kobus-Cisowska J, Ligaj M, Kaczorek E. Characterization of St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) and the impact of filtration process on bioactive extracts incorporated into carbohydrate-based hydrogels. Food Hydrocoll 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.105748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Rojewska M, Smułek W, Prochaska K, Kaczorek E. Combined Effect of Nitrofurantoin and Plant Surfactant on Bacteria Phospholipid Membrane. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25112527. [PMID: 32481761 PMCID: PMC7321062 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25112527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the increasing use of antibiotics, measures are being taken to improve their removal from the natural environment. The support of biodegradation with natural surfactants that increase the bioavailability of impurities for microorganisms that degrade them, raises questions about their effect on bacterial cells. In this paper we present analysis of the interaction of nitrofurantoin (NFT) and saponins from the Saponaria officinalis on the environmental bacteria membrane and the model phospholipid membrane mimicking it. A wide perspective of the process is provided with the Langmuir monolayer technique and membrane permeability test with bacteria. The obtained results showed that above critical micelle concentration (CMC), saponin molecules are incorporated into the POPE monolayer, but the NFT impact was ambiguous. What is more, differences in membrane permeability between the cells exposed to NFT in comparison to that of the non-exposed cells were observed above 1.0 CMC for Achromobacter sp. KW1 or above 0.5 CMC for Pseudomonas sp. MChB. In both cases, NFT presence lowered the membrane permeability. Moreover, the Congo red adhesion to the cell membrane also decreased in the presence of a high concentration of surfactants and NFT. The results suggest that saponins are incorporated into the bacteria membrane, but their sugar hydrophilic part remains outside, which modifies the adsorption properties of the cell surface as well as the membrane permeability.
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Smułek W, Sydow M, Zabielska-Matejuk J, Kaczorek E. Bacteria involved in biodegradation of creosote PAH - A case study of long-term contaminated industrial area. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2020; 187:109843. [PMID: 31678701 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) contained in creosote oil are particularly difficult to remove from the soil environment. Their hydrophobic character and low bioavailability to soil microorganisms affects their rate of biodegradation. This study was performed on samples of soil that were (for over forty years) subjected to contamination with creosote oil, and their metagenome and physicochemical properties were characterized. Moreover, the study was undertaken to evaluate the biodegradation of PAHs by autochthonous consortia as well as by selected bacteria strains isolated from long-term contaminated industrial soil. From among the isolated microorganisms, the most effective in biodegrading the contaminants were the strains Pseudomonas mendocina and Brevundimonas olei. They were able to degrade more than 60% of the total content of PAHs during a 28-day test. The biodegradation of these compounds using AT7 dispersant was enhanced only by Serratia marcescens strain. Moreover, the addition of AT7 improved the effectiveness of fluorene and acenaphthene biodegradation by Serratia marcescens 6-fold. Our results indicated that long-term contact with aromatic compounds induced the bacterial strains to use the PAHs as a source of carbon and energy. We observed that supplementation with surfactants does not increase the efficiency of hydrocarbon biodegradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Smułek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965, Poznań, Poland
| | - M Sydow
- Lukasiewicz Research Network - Wood Technology Institute, Winiarska 1, 60-654, Poznań, Poland
| | - J Zabielska-Matejuk
- Lukasiewicz Research Network - Wood Technology Institute, Winiarska 1, 60-654, Poznań, Poland
| | - E Kaczorek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965, Poznań, Poland.
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Smułek W, Zdarta A, Pacholak A, Runka T, Kaczorek E. Increased biological removal of 1-chloronaphthalene as a result of exposure: A study of bacterial adaptation strategies. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019; 185:109707. [PMID: 31561078 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Effective biodegradation of hydrophobic pollutants, such as 1-chloronaphthalene, is strictly associated with the adaptation of environmental bacteria to their assimilation. This study explores the relation between the modifications of cell properties of bacteria belonging to Pseudomonas and Serratia genera resulting from a 12-month exposure to 1-chloronaphthalene, and their biodegradation efficiency. In the presented study, both bacterial strains exhibited higher (70%) degradation of this compound after exposure compared to unexposed (55%) systems. This adaptation can be associated with increased ratio of polysaccharides in the outer layers of bacterial cells, which was confirmed using infrared spectroscopy analysis. Additionally, the analysis of Raman spectra indicated conformational changes of extracellular carbohydrates from α- to β-anomeric structure. Moreover, the changes in the cell surface hydrophobicity and cell membrane permeability differed between the strains and the Pseudomonas strain exhibited more significant modifications of these parameters. The results suggest that adaptation strategies of both tested strains are different and involve diverse reconstructions of the cell wall and membranes. The results provide a novel and deep insight into the interactions between environmental bacterial strains and chloroaromatic compounds, which opens new perspectives for applying spectrometric methods in investigation of cell adaptation strategies as a result of long-term contact with toxic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Smułek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Agata Zdarta
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965, Poznań, Poland
| | - Amanda Pacholak
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965, Poznań, Poland
| | - Tomasz Runka
- Institute of Materials Research and Quantum Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 3, 60-965, Poznań, Poland
| | - Ewa Kaczorek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965, Poznań, Poland
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Smułek W, Cybulski Z, Guzik U, Jesionowski T, Kaczorek E. Three chlorotoluene-degrading bacterial strains: Differences in biodegradation potential and cell surface properties. Chemosphere 2019; 237:124452. [PMID: 31376699 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Pollution of the environment with chlorinated aromatic compounds is a problem of increasing importance, which has stimulated the search for efficient methods for the remediation of contaminated soil and water. Additionally, for better understanding of the significance of bioavailability to biodegradation, investigation of the cell surface properties is necessary. Hence, this study concerns the properties and possible application, in chlorotoluene removal, of three newly isolated environmental bacterial strains from the genera Pseudomonas, Raoultella and Rahnella. The results show the differences in the biochemical profiles of the isolated strains, their cellular fatty acid composition and their hemolytic properties. However, all three strains exhibit high biodegradation potential, degrading not less than 60% of each monochlorotoluene isomer in 21-day experiments. What is more, observations of changes in the cell surface properties indicate the possible adaptation mechanisms of the strains that enable efficient biodegradation of hydrophobic pollutants such as monochlorotoluenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Smułek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Zefiryn Cybulski
- Department of Microbiology, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Garbary 15, 61-866 Poznań, Poland
| | - Urszula Guzik
- University of Silesia in Katowice, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of Biochemistry, Jagiellońska 28, 40-032 Katowice, Poland
| | - Teofil Jesionowski
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznań, Poland
| | - Ewa Kaczorek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznań, Poland
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Jarzębski M, Smułek W, Siejak P, Kobus-Cisowska J, Pieczyrak D, Baranowska HM, Jakubowicz J, Sopata M, Białopiotrowicz T, Kaczorek E. Aesculus hippocastanum L. extract as a potential emulsion stabilizer. Food Hydrocoll 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2019.105237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Zdarta J, Bachosz K, Degórska O, Zdarta A, Kaczorek E, Pinelo M, Meyer AS, Jesionowski T. Co-Immobilization of Glucose Dehydrogenase and Xylose Dehydrogenase as a New Approach for Simultaneous Production of Gluconic and Xylonic Acid. Materials (Basel) 2019; 12:ma12193167. [PMID: 31569698 PMCID: PMC6804251 DOI: 10.3390/ma12193167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The conversion of biomass components catalyzed via immobilized enzymes is a promising way of obtaining valuable compounds with high efficiency under mild conditions. However, simultaneous transformation of glucose and xylose into gluconic acid and xylonic acid, respectively, is an overlooked research area. Therefore, in this work we have undertaken a study focused on the co-immobilization of glucose dehydrogenase (GDH, EC 1.1.1.118) and xylose dehydrogenase (XDH, EC 1.1.1.175) using mesoporous Santa Barbara Amorphous silica (SBA 15) for the simultaneous production of gluconic acid and xylonic acid. The effective co-immobilization of enzymes onto the surface and into the pores of the silica support was confirmed. A GDH:XDH ratio equal to 1:5 was the most suitable for the conversion of xylose and glucose, as the reaction yield reached over 90% for both monosaccharides after 45 min of the process. Upon co-immobilization, reaction yields exceeding 80% were noticed over wide pH (7–9) and temperature (40–60 °C) ranges. Additionally, the co-immobilized GDH and XDH exhibited a significant enhancement of their thermal, chemical and storage stability. Furthermore, the co-immobilized enzymes are characterized by good reusability, as they facilitated the reaction yields by over 80%, even after 5 consecutive reaction steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Zdarta
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Karolina Bachosz
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Oliwia Degórska
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Agata Zdarta
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Ewa Kaczorek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Manuel Pinelo
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, DTU Chemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Soltofts Plads 229, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Anne S Meyer
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, DTU Bioengineering, Technical University of Denmark, Soltofts Plads 224, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Teofil Jesionowski
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland.
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Smialek M, Kaczorek E, Szczucińska E, Burchardt S, Kowalczyk J, Tykałowski B, Koncicki A. Evaluation of Lactobacillus spp. and yeast based probiotic (Lavipan) supplementation for the reduction of Salmonella Enteritidis after infection of broiler chickens. Pol J Vet Sci 2019; 22:5-10. [PMID: 30997761 DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2018.125616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The number of human cases of salmonellosis in the EU was 94,625 in 2015. Considering the source of these infections, Salmonella spp. was most frequently detected in broiler chicken meat and Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) was the most commonly reported serovar. The efficacy of probiotics in limiting Salmonella spp. infection in poultry has been demonstrated in numerous papers. The administration of probiotics at the level of primary production reduces the risk of contamination of poultry food products with Salmonella spp. A study was carried out in order to determine the potential for reducing the Salmonella spp. population in broiler chickens with the use of the Lavipan (JHJ, Poland) probiotic that comprised selected stains of lactic acid bacteria and Saccharomyces cervisae. Salmonella spp.-free broiler chickens were divided into two groups and received the same feed with (group L) or without (group C) the probiotic throughout the experiment. All day-old chickens were infected per os with SE. Samples of cecum content were collected 2, 4, and 6 weeks after SE infection and pectoral muscles were collected 6 weeks following SE infection for the evaluation of the SE population number. Serum samples for serological examinations were collected 6 weeks after infection. Six weeks after infection, the number of SE-positive cecal samples was lower in the L group (12.5% positive) in comparison to the C group (87.5%). Similar results were demonstrated for the muscle samples (25% in contrast to 87.5%). At the same time, in both cases, the SE CFU/g was significantly lower in the L group. The results of our study indicate that Lavipan was capable of reducing the population of SE in the gastrointestinal tract, which eventually improved the hygienic parameters of the pectoral muscles. Four weeks after infection, SE was not detected in any of the experimental groups. In both groups, no specific anti-SE antibodies were detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Smialek
- Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, Oczapowskiego 13, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - E Kaczorek
- Department of Microbiology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, Oczapowskiego 13, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - E Szczucińska
- Department of Microbiology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, Oczapowskiego 13, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - S Burchardt
- JHJ Sp. Z.O.O., Nowa Wieś 11, 63-308 Gizałki, Poland
| | - J Kowalczyk
- Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, Oczapowskiego 13, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - B Tykałowski
- Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, Oczapowskiego 13, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - A Koncicki
- Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, Oczapowskiego 13, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
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Zdarta A, Smułek W, Pacholak A, Kaczorek E. Environmental Aspects of the Use of Hedera helix Extract in Bioremediation Process. Microorganisms 2019; 7:E43. [PMID: 30764566 PMCID: PMC6406833 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7020043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper analyzes the impact of saponins from English ivy leaves on the properties of environmental bacterial strains and hydrocarbon degradation ability. For this purpose, two bacterial strains, Raoultella ornitinolytica M03 and Acinetobacter calcoaceticus M1B, have been used in toluene, 4-chlorotoluene, and α,α,α-trifluorotoluene biodegradation supported by Hedera helix extract. Moreover, theeffects of ivy exposition on cell properties and extract toxicity were investigated. The extract was found to cause minor differences in cell surface hydrophobicity, membrane permeability, and Zeta potential, although it adhered to the cell surface. Acinetobacter calcoaceticus M1B was more affected by the ivy extract; thus, the cells were more metabolically active and degraded saponins at greater amounts. Although the extract influenced positively the cells' viability in the presence of hydrocarbons, it could have been used by the bacteria as a carbon source, thus slowing down hydrocarbon degradation. These results show that the use of ivy saponins for hydrocarbon remediation is environmentally acceptable but should be carefully analyzed to assess the efficiency of the selected saponins-rich extract in combination with selected bacterial strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Zdarta
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Wojciech Smułek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Amanda Pacholak
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Ewa Kaczorek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland.
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Zdarta A, Pacholak A, Smułek W, Zgoła-Grześkowiak A, Ferlin N, Bil A, Kovensky J, Grand E, Kaczorek E. Biological impact of octyl d-glucopyranoside based surfactants. Chemosphere 2019; 217:567-575. [PMID: 30447608 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Development of many branches of industry has stimulated the search for new, effective surfactants with interesting properties. Potential use of alkyl glucose derivatives on a large scale, raises questions about the possible risks associated with their entry into the natural environment. To be able to evaluate this risk, the aim of the study was to determine the physicochemical properties of octyl d-glucopyranoside and its three derivatives: N-(octyl d-glucopyranosiduronyl)aspartic acid, N-(octyl d-glucopyranosiduronyl)glicyne and octyl d-glucopyranosiduronic acid. Moreover, their biodegradability by pure bacterial strains and biocenosis present in river water was examined. While descriptions of sugar-based surfactants on microbial cells are limited, the essential element of the study was to determine the effect of surfactants on cell surface properties of microorganisms isolated from activated sludge and compare it to the effects of the petroleum based surfactants and the surfactants produced from renewable materials. The results obtained indicate that physicochemical properties of surface active agents differ depending on the presence of functional groups in the surfactants molecules. What is more, the presence of amino acid substituent in the derivatives of octyl d-glucopyranoside resulted in a slight decrease in the surfactants biodegradation efficiency, in comparison to the compounds that did not contain such a substituent, prolonging this process from 5 to 10 days. Interestingly, even relatively slightly different derivatives modified the cell surface properties in a different way. Importantly, the surfactants based on octyl d-glucopyranoside have less negative impact on environmental microorganism and better biodegradability than the surfactant synthesized from petroleum products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Zdarta
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Amanda Pacholak
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Wojciech Smułek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Zgoła-Grześkowiak
- Institute of Chemistry and Technical Electrochemistry, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Nadège Ferlin
- Laboratoire de Glycochimie, des Antimicrobiens et des Agroressources (LG2A), CNRS UMR 7378, Institut de Chimie de Picardie CNRS FR 3085, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens Cedex, France
| | - Abed Bil
- Laboratoire de Glycochimie, des Antimicrobiens et des Agroressources (LG2A), CNRS UMR 7378, Institut de Chimie de Picardie CNRS FR 3085, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens Cedex, France
| | - José Kovensky
- Laboratoire de Glycochimie, des Antimicrobiens et des Agroressources (LG2A), CNRS UMR 7378, Institut de Chimie de Picardie CNRS FR 3085, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens Cedex, France
| | - Eric Grand
- Laboratoire de Glycochimie, des Antimicrobiens et des Agroressources (LG2A), CNRS UMR 7378, Institut de Chimie de Picardie CNRS FR 3085, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens Cedex, France.
| | - Ewa Kaczorek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
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Zdarta A, Smułek W, Trzcińska A, Cybulski Z, Kaczorek E. Properties and potential application of efficient biosurfactant produced by Pseudomonas sp. KZ1 strain. J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng 2019; 54:110-117. [PMID: 30614383 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2018.1530537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Increasing use of biosurfactants has stimulated the search for new and efficient biosurfactant-producing bacterial strains, preferably nonpathogenic ones. The aim of the present study was to characterize a new isolated Pseudomonas sp. KZ1 strain and its exocellular surface active compounds. After examining several mineral media of different compositions, the bioreactor-scale production of biosurfactants under optimum conditions was tested. Then, the composition of the isolated biosurfactants was investigated by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis and their surface active properties were characterized by adsorption parameters. The results indicated that the Pseudomonas sp. KZ1 biosurfactant had the critical micelle concentration of 0.12 g L-1 and decreased the surface tension decreased to 31.7 mN m-1. Moreover, the biosurfactant increased the rate of biodegradation of diesel oil by the strains: Pseudomonas sp. KZ1, Pseudomonas sp. OS4 and Achromobacter sp. KW1. The obtained biosurfactant showing attractive properties is a promising and much 'greener' alternative in the application for surfactant-enhanced biodegradation of hydrocarbons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Zdarta
- a Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering , Poznan University of Technology , Poznan , Poland
| | - Wojciech Smułek
- a Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering , Poznan University of Technology , Poznan , Poland
| | - Anna Trzcińska
- a Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering , Poznan University of Technology , Poznan , Poland
| | - Zefiryn Cybulski
- b Department of Microbiology , Greater Poland Cancer Centre , Poznan , Poland
| | - Ewa Kaczorek
- a Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering , Poznan University of Technology , Poznan , Poland
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Pacholak A, Simlat J, Zgoła-Grześkowiak A, Kaczorek E. Biodegradation of clotrimazole and modification of cell properties after metabolic stress and upon addition of saponins. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2018; 161:676-682. [PMID: 29935432 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.06.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Azole fungicides constitute an extensive group of potential emerging pollutants which can be found in natural environment. This study focuses on the biodegradation of clotrimazole and the characterization of cell surface properties of microorganisms capable of degradation of this compound. The influence of long-term contact of bacteria with clotrimazole and the impact of the addition of Saponaria officinalis extract on cell surface modification was also checked. The biodegradation of clotrimazole did not exceed 70%. The presence of plant extract increased biodegradation of fungicide. The cells metabolic activity after one-month exposure to clotrimazole was the highest for each tested strain. Moreover, metabolic stress led to a strong modification of cell surface properties. The results are promising for determining the impact of clotrimazole on environmental microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pacholak
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - J Simlat
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - A Zgoła-Grześkowiak
- Institute of Chemistry and Technical Electrochemistry, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - E Kaczorek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland.
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Witkowska D, Ginter-Kramarczyk D, Holderna-Odachowska A, Budnik I, Kaczorek E, Lukaszewski Z, Zembrzuska J. Biodegradation of Oxyethylated Fatty Alcohols by Bacterium Pseudomonas alcaligenes; AE Biodegradation by Pseudomonas alcaligenes. TENSIDE SURFACT DET 2018. [DOI: 10.3139/113.110541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Pseudomanas alcaligenes is a Gram-negative soil bacteria which has the potential to degrade hydrocarbons including aromatic compounds. The biodegradation of a representative oxyethylated fatty alcohol by the PA strain under static model conditions with a surfactant as a sole source of organic carbon was investigated. Polydispersal oxyethylated dodecanol C12E10 is biodegraded by the bacterial P. alcaligenes strain of following two alternative pathways: central fission with formation of poly(ethylene glycols) or ω-oxidation of an oxyethylene chain with the formation of carboxyl end group and intermediate aldehyde group. Shorter homologues of polydispersal mixture C12E10 are faster biodegraded and the mixture is enriched with longer homologues.
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Smułek W, Zdarta A, Kwiczak J, Zgoła-Grześkowiak A, Cybulski Z, Kaczorek E. Environmental biodegradation of halophenols by activated sludge from two different sewage treatment plants. J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng 2017; 52:1240-1246. [PMID: 28910566 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2017.1356197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Halophenols make a group of aromatic compounds that are resistible to biodegradation by environmental microorganisms. In this study, the biodegradation of 4-bromo-, 4-chloro- and 4-fluorophenols was studied with two types of activated sludges (from a small rural plant and from a bigger municipal plant) as an inoculum. Because of their wide use, surfactants are present in the wastewater and inhibitors enhance the biodegradation of different pollutants; the influence of natural surfactants on halophenols' biodegradation was also tested. Both types of activated sludge contained bacterial strains which were active in the halophenols' biodegradation process. The coexistence of surfactants and halophenols in the wastewater does not prevent microorganisms from effective halophenols' biodegradation. Moreover, surfactants can enhance the effectiveness of halophenols' removal from the environment. Different cell surface modifications of two isolated bacterial strains were observed in the same system of halophenols with or without surfactants. Halophenols and surfactants may also induce changes in bacteria cell surface properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Smułek
- a Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering , Poznan University of Technology , Poznan , Poland
| | - Agata Zdarta
- a Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering , Poznan University of Technology , Poznan , Poland
| | - Joanna Kwiczak
- a Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering , Poznan University of Technology , Poznan , Poland
| | | | - Zefiryn Cybulski
- c Department of Microbiology , Greater Poland Cancer Centre , Poznan , Poland
| | - Ewa Kaczorek
- a Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering , Poznan University of Technology , Poznan , Poland
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Zdarta A, Dudzińska-Bajorek B, Nowak A, Guzik U, Kaczorek E. Impact of potent bioremediation enhancing plant extracts on Raoultella ornithinolytica properties. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2017; 145:274-282. [PMID: 28755644 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Long-term contact of microorganisms with different compounds in the environment can cause significant changes in cell metabolism. Surfactants adsorption on cell surface or incorporation in the cell membrane, lead to their modification, which helps microorganisms adopt to the conditions of metabolic stress. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effects of three saponin-reach plant extracts from Hedera helix, Saponaria officinalis and Sapindus mucorossi on growth and adaptation of Raoultella ornithinolytica to high concentrations of these substances. For this purpose we investigated cell surface properties, membrane fatty acids and genetic changes of the microorganisms. The results revealed that prolonged exposure of the microorganisms to high concentrations of these surfactants can induce genetic changes of their genes. Moreover, the adaptation to contact with high concentrations of saponins was also associated with changes in composition of fatty acids responsible for the stabilisation of membrane structure and the increase in membrane permeability. The changes affected also the outer layer of cells. A significant increase (p < 0.05) in the cell surface hydrophobicity of tested strain was also observed. The cells after long-term contact with S. officinalis and S. mucorossi acquire properties that may be favourable in hydrophobic substances bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Zdarta
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | | | - A Nowak
- University of Silesia in Katowice, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of Biochemistry, Jagiellonska 28, 40-032 Katowice, Poland
| | - U Guzik
- University of Silesia in Katowice, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of Biochemistry, Jagiellonska 28, 40-032 Katowice, Poland
| | - E Kaczorek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland.
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Smułek W, Kaczorek E, Hricovíniová Z. Alkyl Xylosides: Physico-Chemical Properties and Influence on Environmental Bacteria Cells. J SURFACTANTS DETERG 2017; 20:1269-1279. [PMID: 29200811 PMCID: PMC5686273 DOI: 10.1007/s11743-017-2012-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
A group of four selected non-ionic surfactants based on carbohydrates, namely octyl d-xyloside (C8X), nonyl d-xyloside (C9X), decyl d-xyloside (C10X) and dodecyl d-xyloside (C12X), have been investigated to accomplish a better understanding of their physico-chemical properties as well as biological activities. The surface-active properties, such as critical micelle concentration (CMC), emulsion and foam stability, the impact of the compounds on cell surface hydrophobicity and cell membrane permeability together with their toxicity on the selected bacterial strains have been determined as well. The studied group of surfactants showed high surface-active properties allowing a decrease in the surface tension to values below 25 mN m-1 for dodecyl d-xyloside at the CMC. The investigated compounds did not have any toxic influence on two Pseudomonas bacterial strains at concentrations below 25 mg L-1. The studied long-chain alkyl xylosides influenced both the cell inner membrane permeability and the cell surface hydrophobicity. Furthermore, the alkyl chain length, as well as the surfactant concentration, had a significant impact on the modifications of the cell surface properties. The tested non-ionic surfactants exhibited strong surface-active properties accompanied by the significant influence on growth and properties of Pseudomonas bacteria cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Smułek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Ewa Kaczorek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Zuzana Hricovíniová
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovakia
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Zdarta A, Tracz J, Luczak M, Guzik U, Kaczorek E. Hydrocarbon-induced changes in proteins and fatty acids profiles of Raoultella ornithinolytica M03. J Proteomics 2017; 164:43-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2017.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Kaczorek E, Szarek J, Mikiewicz M, Terech-Majewska E, Schulz P, Małaczewska J, Wójcik R, Siwicki AK. Effect of feed supplementation with kynurenic acid on the morphology of the liver, kidney and gills in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, 1792), healthy and experimentally infected with Yersinia ruckeri. J Fish Dis 2017; 40:873-884. [PMID: 27690267 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Kynurenic acid (KYNA) is an endogenous substance produced on the kynurenine pathway which is primarily known for its neuroactive properties. Recently, it has been proven that KYNA is a selective ligand for G protein-coupled receptor (GPR 35), presented on immunocompetent cells such as T lymphocytes. This opens up new possibilities of its application as an immunostimulating substance in aquaculture. Thus far, no histopathological investigations in fish have been completed to evaluate influence of KYNA supplementation in feed. This study has been undertaken to determine the effect of feed supplementation with KYNA (2.5, 25, 250 mg kg-1 of feed) for 28 days on the liver, gills and kidney in healthy fish and experimentally infected with Yersinia ruckeri. In a control group were observed a fatty liver, which is natural for this fish species in the autumn and winter season. As the dose of the supplement was increased, the fat liver changed, it decreased or completely disappeared. Additionally, inflammatory changes occurred in all the analysed organs, and their intensification was dose dependent. In the fish experimentally infected, KYNA caused aggravation of the signs in the liver, kidneys and gills, and the effect was dose dependent. The results implicate that KYNA may be a stressor for fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Kaczorek
- Department of Microbiology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - J Szarek
- Department of Pathophysiology, Forensic Veterinary Medicine and Administration, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - M Mikiewicz
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - E Terech-Majewska
- Department of Epizootiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - P Schulz
- Department of Microbiology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - J Małaczewska
- Department of Microbiology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - R Wójcik
- Department of Microbiology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - A K Siwicki
- Department Fish Pathology and Immunology, Inland Fisheries Institute in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
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Kaczorek E, Małaczewska J, Wójcik R, Rękawek W, Siwicki AK. Phenotypic and genotypic antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Streptococcus spp. isolated from cases of clinical mastitis in dairy cattle in Poland. J Dairy Sci 2017; 100:6442-6453. [PMID: 28601447 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-12660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Mastitis of dairy cattle is one of the most frequently diagnosed diseases worldwide. The main etiological agents of mastitis are bacteria of the genus Streptococcus spp., in which several antibiotic resistance mechanisms have been identified. However, detailed studies addressing this problem have not been conducted in northeastern Poland. Therefore, the aim of our study was to analyze, on phenotypic and genotypic levels, the antibiotic resistance pattern of Streptococcus spp. isolated from clinical cases of mastitis from dairy cattle in this region of Poland. The research was conducted using 135 strains of Streptococcus (Streptococcus uberis, n = 53; Streptococcus dysgalactiae, n = 41; Streptococcus agalactiae, n = 27; other streptococci, n = 14). The investigation of the antimicrobial susceptibility to 8 active substances applied in therapy in the analyzed region, as well as a selected bacteriocin (nisin), was performed using the minimum inhibitory concentration method. The presence of selected resistance genes (n = 14) was determined via PCR. We also investigated the correlation between the presence of resistance genes and the antimicrobial susceptibility of the examined strains in vitro. The highest observed resistance of Streptococcus spp. was toward gentamicin, kanamycin, and tetracycline, whereas the highest susceptibility occurred toward penicillin, enrofloxacin, and marbofloxacin. Additionally, the tested bacteriocin showed high efficacy. The presence of 13 analyzed resistance genes was observed in the examined strains [gene mef(A) was not detected]. In most strains, at least one resistance gene, mainly responsible for resistance to tetracyclines [tet(M), tet(K), tet(L)], was observed. However, a relationship between the presence of a given resistance gene and antimicrobial susceptibility on the phenotypic level was not always observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Kaczorek
- Department of Microbiology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 13, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - J Małaczewska
- Department of Microbiology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 13, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - R Wójcik
- Department of Microbiology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 13, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - W Rękawek
- Department of Internal Diseases with Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 14, 10-957 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - A K Siwicki
- Department of Microbiology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 13, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
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Kaczorek E, Terech-Majewska E, Szarek J, Mikiewicz M, Schulz P, Małaczewska J, Wójcik R, Pajdak J, Siwicki A. The Influence of Feed Supplementation with Kynurenine Acid (Kyna) on the Gills in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Infected Experimentally with Yersinia ruckeri. J Comp Pathol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2016.11.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Schulz P, Pajdak J, Terech-Majewska E, Kaczorek E, Siwicki A. Influence of Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis Virus (IPNV) on the Survival Rate of Juvenile Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) after Experimental Infection. J Comp Pathol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2016.11.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Zdarta A, Smułek W, Pietraszak E, Kaczorek E, Olszanowski A. Hydrocarbons biodegradation by activated sludge bacteria in the presence of natural and synthetic surfactants. J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng 2016; 51:1262-1268. [PMID: 27533134 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2016.1215194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Fuels, such as diesel oil, can have a substantial impact on the microbial equilibrium of activated sludge and have a negative influence on work of wastewater treatment plant. The primary objective of the research was to examine the possibility of using the surfactants to improve pollutants biodegradation by bacteria from activated sludge. The results showed that the addition of rhamnolipids allows to increase the hydrocarbon biodegradation from 47% up to 75% in the cultures inoculated with the consortium. The saponins increased the degradation of diesel oil by the two isolated strains: from 27% to 43% for Alcaligenes sp. and from 44% to 64% for Pseudomonas sp. The addition of surfactants to the cultures growth with diesel oil caused a significant decrease of the surface charge for Alcaligenes strain in the presence of saponins, but not in other cases. The obtained results revealed the potential of natural surfactants to support hydrocarbon biodegradation in wastewater treatment plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Zdarta
- a Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology , Poznan , Poland
| | - Wojciech Smułek
- a Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology , Poznan , Poland
| | - Emilia Pietraszak
- a Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology , Poznan , Poland
| | - Ewa Kaczorek
- a Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology , Poznan , Poland
| | - Andrzej Olszanowski
- a Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology , Poznan , Poland
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Smułek W, Zdarta A, Pacholak A, Zgoła-Grześkowiak A, Marczak Ł, Jarzębski M, Kaczorek E. Saponaria officinalis L. extract: Surface active properties and impact on environmental bacterial strains. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 150:209-215. [PMID: 27918965 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Plant-derived surfactants are characterised by low toxicity, high biodegradability and environmental compatibility. They therefore have many applications; for instance, they can be used in bioremediation to accelerate biodegradation processes, especially of hydrophobic pollutants. This paper analyses the properties of an extract from Saponaria officinalis L. containing saponins and its impact on bacterial strains isolated from soil, as well as its potential for application in hydrocarbon bioremediation. The tested extract from Saponaria officinalis L. contains gypsogenin, hederagenin, hydroxyhederagenin and quillaic acid aglycone structures and demonstrates good emulsification properties. Contact with the extract led to modification of bacterial cell surface properties. A decrease in cell surface hydrophobicity and an increase in membrane permeability were recorded in the experiments. An increase of up to 63% in diesel oil biodegradation was also recorded for Pseudomonas putida DA1 on addition of 1gL-1 of saponins from Saponaria officinalis L. Saponaria extract showed no toxic impact on the tested environmental bacterial strains at the concentration used in the biodegradation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Smułek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Agata Zdarta
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Amanda Pacholak
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Zgoła-Grześkowiak
- Institute of Chemistry and Technical Electrochemistry, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Łukasz Marczak
- European Centre for Bioinformatics and Genomics, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704 Poznan, Poland
| | - Maciej Jarzębski
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 85, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; Department of Physical Chemistry and Physicochemical Basis of Environmental Engineering Institute of Environmental Engineering Off-Campus Faculty of Low and Social Sciences in Stalowa Wola Catholic University of Lublin, Kwiatkowskiego 3A, 37-450 Stalowa Wola, Poland
| | - Ewa Kaczorek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland.
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Kaczorek E, Smułek W, Zdarta A, Sawczuk A, Zgoła-Grześkowiak A. Influence of saponins on the biodegradation of halogenated phenols. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2016; 131:127-134. [PMID: 27232205 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Biotransformation of aromatic compounds is a challenge due to their low aqueous solubility and sorptive losses. The main obstacle in this process is binding of organic pollutants to the microbial cell surface. To overcome these, we applied saponins from plant extract to the microbial culture, to increase pollutants solubility and enhance diffusive massive transfer. This study investigated the efficiency of Quillaja saponaria and Sapindus mukorossi saponins-rich extracts on biodegradation of halogenated phenols by Raoultella planticola WS2 and Pseudomonas sp. OS2, as an effect of cell surface modification of tested strains. Both strains display changes in inner membrane permeability and cell surface hydrophobicity in the presence of saponins during the process of halogenated phenols biotransformation. This allows them to more efficient pollutants removal from the environment. However, only in case of the Pseudomonas sp. OS2 the addition of surfactants to the culture improved effectiveness of bromo-, chloro- and fluorophenols biodegradation. Also introduction of surfactant allowed higher biodegradability of halogenated phenols and can shorten the process. Therefore this suggests that usage of plant saponins can indicate more successful halogenated phenols biodegradation for selected strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Kaczorek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Wojciech Smułek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Agata Zdarta
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Agata Sawczuk
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Zgoła-Grześkowiak
- Institute of Chemistry and Technical Electrochemistry, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
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