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Ma F, Dai Z, Zhang X, Hu Y, Cai F, Wang W, Tian Y, Soltanian MR. Quantifying the impact of upscaled parameters on radionuclide transport in three-dimensional fracture-matrix systems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 930:172663. [PMID: 38653404 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Assessing the long-term safety of geological repositories for high-level radioactive waste is critically dependent on understanding radionuclide transport in multi-scale fractured rocks. This study explores the influence of upscaled parameters on radionuclide movement within a three-dimensional fracture-matrix system using a discrete fracture-matrix (DFM) model. The developed numerical simulation workflow includes creating a random discrete fracture network, meshing of the fractures and matrix, assigning upscaled parameters, and conducting finite element simulations. We simulated the spatiotemporal evolution of radionuclide concentrations in the fractures and matrix over a century, revealing significant spatial heterogeneity driven by a heterogeneous seepage field. Employing geostatistics-based upscaling methods, we predicted the effective ranges of crucial solute transport parameters at the field scale. The matrix diffusion coefficient, matrix distribution coefficient, and longitudinal dispersivity were upscaled by factors of 2.0-3.0, 2.5-4.0, and 10-104, respectively, based on laboratory-scale measurements. Incorporating these upscaled parameters into the DFM model, we analyzed their impact on radionuclide transport. Our findings demonstrate that an upscaled matrix diffusion coefficient and matrix distribution coefficient result in a delayed transport of radionuclides in fractures by enhancing mass transfer between the fractures and rock matrix, while an upscaled longitudinal dispersivity accelerates transport by advancing the positions of concentration peaks. Sensitivity analysis revealed that the matrix distribution coefficient is the most impactful, followed by dispersivity and matrix diffusion coefficient. These insights are important for minimizing parameter uncertainties and enhancing the accuracy of predictions concerning radionuclide transport in multi-scale fractured rocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Funing Ma
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China
| | - Zhenxue Dai
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China; College of Construction Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China.
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- College of Construction Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China.
| | - Yingtao Hu
- Department of Civil Engineering, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Fangfei Cai
- College of Construction Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China
| | - Weiliang Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China
| | - Yong Tian
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China
| | - Mohamad Reza Soltanian
- Departments of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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Mahmudiono T, Hoseinvandtabar S, Mehri F, Borzoei M, Heidarinejad Z, Amin Nakoozadeh M, Daraei H, Atamaleki A, Fakhri Y, Mousavi Khaneghah A. Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in coastal sediments of Bandar Abbas city, North of Persian Gulf: An ecological risk assessment. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024; 34:1255-1269. [PMID: 36731517 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2023.2173154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The concentration of potentially toxic elements (PTEs; Lead (Pb), Nickel (Ni), and Cadmium (Cd) Pb, Ni, and Cd), using flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) was measured in fifty surface coastal sediment samples collected from 5 points coastal sediment of Bandar Abbas city, Iran besides the potential ecological risk index (RI) estimated the environmental health risk. The rank order of PTEs was Pb (52.090 ± 4.113 mg/kg dry weight) > Ni (34.940 ± 8.344 mg/kg dry weight) > Cd (2.944 ± 0.013 mg/kg dry weight). RI due to PTEs in sediments for A, B, C, D, and E points were 187.655, 190.542, 191.079, 189.496, and 192.053, respectively. RI for sampling points A to E was at moderate risk (150 ≤ RI < 300). Therefore, it is recommended to carry out control programs to reduce the amount of PTEs in the coastal sediment of the Persian Gulf.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trias Mahmudiono
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Somayeh Hoseinvandtabar
- Student Research Committee, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Mehri
- Nutrition Health Research Center, Center of Excellence for Occupational Health, Research Center for Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences. Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Borzoei
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Zoha Heidarinejad
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Nakoozadeh
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Hasti Daraei
- Environmental Health Engineering Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ali Atamaleki
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Yadolah Fakhri
- Food Health Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Amin Mousavi Khaneghah
- Department of Fruit and Vegetable Product Technology, Prof. Wacław Dąbrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology - State Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Technology of Chemistry, Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Baku, Azerbaijan
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3
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Turkeltaub T, Weisbrod N, Zavarin M, Chang E, Kersting AB, Teutsch N, Roded S, Tran EL, Geller Y, Gerera Y, Klein-BenDavid O. Radionuclide transport in fractured chalk under abrupt changes in salinity. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168636. [PMID: 37981163 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Internationally, it has been agreed that geologic repositories for spent fuel and radioactive waste are considered the internationally agreed upon solution for intermediate and long-term disposal. In countries where traditional nuclear waste repository host rocks (e.g., clay, salt, granite) are not available, other low permeability lithologies must be studied. Here, chalk is considered to determine its viability for disposal. Despite chalk's low bulk permeability, it may contain fracture networks that can facilitate radionuclide transport. In arid areas, groundwater salinity may change seasonally due to the mixing between brackish groundwater and fresh meteoric water. Such salinity changes may impact the radionuclides' mobility. In this study, radioactive U(VI) and radionuclide simulant tracers (Sr, Ce and Re) were injected into a naturally fractured chalk core. The mobility of tracers was investigated under abrupt salinity variations. Two solutions were used: a low ionic strength (IS) artificial rainwater (ARW; IS ∼0.002) and a high IS artificial groundwater (AGW; IS ∼0.2). During the experiments, the tracers were added to ARW, then the carrier was changed to AGW, and vice versa. Ce was mobile only in colloidal form, while Re was transported as a conservative tracer. Both Re and Ce demonstrated no change in mobility due to salinity changes. In contrast, U and Sr showed increased mobility when AGW was introduced and decreased mobility when ARW was introduced into the core. These experimental results, supported by reactive transport modeling, suggest that saline groundwater solutions promote U and Sr release via ion-exchange and enhance their migration in fractured chalk. The study emphasizes the impact of salinity variations near spent fuel repositories and their possible impact on radionuclide mobility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuvia Turkeltaub
- The Zuckerburg Institute for Water Research, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben Gurion 8499000, Israel.
| | - Noam Weisbrod
- The Zuckerburg Institute for Water Research, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben Gurion 8499000, Israel
| | - Mavrik Zavarin
- Glenn T. Seaborg Institute, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | - Elliot Chang
- Glenn T. Seaborg Institute, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | - Annie B Kersting
- Glenn T. Seaborg Institute, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | - Nadya Teutsch
- Geological Survey of Israel, 32 Yeshayahu Leibowitz St., Jerusalem 9371234, Israel
| | - Sari Roded
- The Zuckerburg Institute for Water Research, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben Gurion 8499000, Israel
| | - Emily L Tran
- The Zuckerburg Institute for Water Research, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben Gurion 8499000, Israel; Now at Shamir Research Institute, University of Haifa, Qatsrin 1290000, Israel
| | - Yehonatan Geller
- Geological and Environmental Science Department, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Yarden Gerera
- The Zuckerburg Institute for Water Research, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben Gurion 8499000, Israel
| | - Ofra Klein-BenDavid
- Nuclear Research Center of the Negev, Negev, P.O. Box 9001, Beersheva 8419001, Israel; Geological and Environmental Science Department, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheva 8410501, Israel
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Zhang X, Lan T, Jiang H, Ye K, Dai Z. Bacterial community driven nitrogen cycling in coastal sediments of intertidal transition zone. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 908:168299. [PMID: 37926266 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Microorganisms inhabiting in coastal sediments significantly affect the nitrogen cycling in coastal waters and ecosystems. However, the bacterial community that related to the key active nitrogen transformation processes in intertidal transition zone are still not understood. Across a long flat intertidal zone at depths from 0 to 3 m in Daya Bay, China, the bacterial communities in sediments and their driven nitrogen cycling potential were evaluated with environmental factors and 16S rRNA sequencing. The results showed that the intertidal zone is a divide for environmental factors as pH, salinity and C/N ratio, instead of an average shift from freshwater to salt water. At the same time, the environmental factors influenced the abundance of bacterial community related to nitrogen cycling. Across the intertidal zone, the dominant nitrogen transformation processes were different. At the high tide and middle tide sites, the primary nitrogen cycling process was nitrification that worked with Nitrosomonadaceae, Nitrospiraceae, 0319-6A21, and wb1-A12. At the low tide sites, nitrogen fixation was the dominant function conducted by Bradyrhizobiaceae. The reduction of nitrate was carried out with the help of Xanthomonadales but relatively weak in all sampling sites especially for low tide sites. This was mostly because the richness and evenness of bacterial community were the lowest at the low tide sites. Meanwhile, the pH, Cl-, salinity, NH4+, NO3- and C/N ratio were the important factors that shaped the composition of local bacterial community. Further, the nonmetric multidimensional scaling results indicated that there were significant statistical differences in the composition of bacterial community among samples at different layers. The dominant nitrogen cycling processes in coastal sediments at different tide levels were revealed in this study, which offered an extended concept of nitrogen transformation along the groundwater discharge path in the intertidal transition zone. The distributions and compositions of bacterial communities and predicted functions provided a new insight for coastal environment and ecosystem management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Zhang
- Institute of Intelligent Simulation and Early Warning for Subsurface Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China; College of Construction Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China
| | - Tianshan Lan
- Institute of Intelligent Simulation and Early Warning for Subsurface Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China.
| | - Hongchen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Kexin Ye
- Institute of Intelligent Simulation and Early Warning for Subsurface Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China
| | - Zhenxue Dai
- Institute of Intelligent Simulation and Early Warning for Subsurface Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China; College of Construction Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China.
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Tang Q, Xu Z, Tan Q, Shi X, Wu W, Pan D. Insight into Impact of Phosphate on the Cotransport and Corelease of Eu(III) with Bentonite Colloids in Saturated Quartz Columns. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 461:132572. [PMID: 37742375 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the fate and transport of radionuclides in porous media reduces the risk of contaminating soils and groundwater systems. While the cotransport of bentonite colloids (BC) with radionuclides in saturated media is well documented, the role of phosphate (P) in the colloid-driven transport of radionuclides in saturated porous media is still unaddressed; in particular, phosphate increases the mobilities of radionuclides in porous media, which should be subjected to an environmental risk assessment and model construction. In this work, the effects of phosphate on the transport and release of Eu(III) in different colloid systems (P-Eu(III), P-BC, P-BC-Eu(III)) was investigated with a fundamental colloid chemistry approach and a range of characterization techniques. The results showed that intrinsic europium colloids with size of 685 nm were formed by precipitation with phosphate, which affected the mobility of Eu(III) due to colloid stability and physical straining. Phosphate enhanced BC and BC-Eu(III) transport, and a high phosphate concentration promoted BC transport by eliminating physical straining and enhancing the electrostatic repulsions. The crystal structure of EuPO4 was not destroyed by the subsequent introduction of BC, which carried EuPO4 for further migration. However, when phosphate, bentonite and Eu(III) coexisted in a colloid suspension, the phosphate promoted Eu(III) transport by preferentially interacting with the BC to form ternary BC-P-Eu(III) pseudo-colloids rather than forming the intrinsic EuPO4 colloids. The synergetic role of P and BC on Eu(III) transport involved a relatively complex process and was not a simply additive effect. The findings in this work highlight the significance of phosphate in controlling the fate and transport of Ln(III)/Am(III) radionuclides in the presence of intrinsic colloids and pseudo-colloids in P-rich colloid-bearing environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfeng Tang
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhen Xu
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; MOE Frontiers Science Center for Rare Isotopes, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Qi Tan
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xingyi Shi
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Wangsuo Wu
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; MOE Frontiers Science Center for Rare Isotopes, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Duoqiang Pan
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; MOE Frontiers Science Center for Rare Isotopes, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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6
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Zhao S, Li Y, Wang M, Chen B, Zhang Y, Sun Y, Chen K, Du Q, Pi X, Wang Y, Jing Z, Jin Y. Efficient adsorption of methylene blue in water by nitro-functionalized metal-organic skeleton‑calcium alginate composite aerogel. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126458. [PMID: 37619681 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents the first investigation of the adsorption performance of methylene blue by the nitro-functionalized metal-organic framework (MIL-88B-NO2). MIL-88B-NO2 has a specific surface area of 836.0 m2/g, which is 109.8 % higher than MIL-88B. The maximum adsorption capacity of methylene blue is 383.6 mg/g, which is 68.2 % higher than that of MIL-88B. This phenomenon can be attributed to the great increase in specific surface area and the introduction of nitro-functional groups. However, its microcrystalline nature makes it difficult to remove in practical applications and quickly causes secondary pollution. Therefore, the composite of MIL-88B-NO2 and calcium alginate (CA) to form aerogel maintains the inherent properties of the two materials and makes it easy to recycle. The utmost adsorption capability of MIL-88B-NO2/CA-2 aerogel is 721.0 mg/g. Compared with MIL-88B-NO2, the adsorption performance of MIL-88B-NO2/CA-2 aerogel is further improved by 88.0 %. The higher adsorption capacity of the adsorbent may be due to the synergistic interplay of electrostatic attraction, π-π conjugation, hydrogen bonding, metal coordination effect, and physicochemical properties. Also, MIL-88B-NO2/CA-2 aerogel has good recyclability, indicating that it has broad application prospects in the removal of positive dyes in contaminated water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyong Zhao
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yanhui Li
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China; State Key Laboratory of Bio-polysaccharide Fiber Forming and Eco-Textile, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Mingzhen Wang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Bing Chen
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yaohui Sun
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Kewei Chen
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Qiuju Du
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-polysaccharide Fiber Forming and Eco-Textile, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xinxin Pi
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yuqi Wang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Zhenyu Jing
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yonghui Jin
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
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Partani S, Mehr AD, Maghrebi M, Mokhtari R, Nachtnebel HP, Taniwaki RH, Arzhangi A. A new spatial estimation model and source apportionment of aliphatic hydrocarbons in coastal surface sediments of the Nayband Bay, Persian Gulf. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 904:166746. [PMID: 37678535 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Hydrocarbons, originating from oil and gas industries, are considered a potential risk for Nayband Bay, a natural marine park with extended mangroves, located on the north coastlines of the Persian Gulf, Iran. This paper determines the potential sources and spatial distribution of hydrocarbons, especially aliphatic hydrocarbons (AHCs), in Nayband Bay through the simultaneous application of three indices in the coastline surface sediments. To this end, a field study was conducted in the inter-tidal coastal zones and wetlands. Sediment samples were taken from surface layers along four transects with four sampling points at different distances from the gulf. The hydrocarbon compounds of the samples including AHCs, total petroleum hydrocarbons, and heavy metals (Ni, V as crude oil indicators) were analyzed and classified to discover the pollution indicators. Pearson pairwise correlation and cluster analyses along with pollution indices were employed to describe the spatial distribution pattern of hydrocarbons, identify hot spots, and determine the potential origin of AHCs. Different interpolation scenarios based on topographic and oceanic features were proposed to detect the spatial dynamics of AHCs. The results revealed that hydrocarbons mainly originated from anthropogenic sources including oil and gas industries located far from the affected area. It was also concluded that the long-distance pollution transfer was based on oceanic currents and wind direction in the bay. The proposed scenarios showed that the mean concentration values of total organic carbon and total organic material vary in the range 0.19 ppm to 0.4 ppm and 2.88 ppm to 3.20 ppm, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadegh Partani
- Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Bojnord, Bojnord, Iran.
| | - Ali Danandeh Mehr
- Civil Engineering Department, Antalya Bilim University, Antalya 07190, Turkey; MEU Research Unit, Middle East University, Amman 11831, Jordan
| | - Mohsen Maghrebi
- School of Environment, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, 1417853111, Iran
| | | | - Hans-Peter Nachtnebel
- Institute of Water Management, Hydrology and Hydraulic Engineering, Department of Water-Atmosphere-Environment, University of BOKU, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ricardo Hideo Taniwaki
- Engineering, Modelling and Applied Social Sciences Center, Federal University of ABC, Av. dos Estados, 5001, Santo Andre, SP, Brazil
| | - Amin Arzhangi
- Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Bojnord, Bojnord, Iran
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8
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Chandra K, Proshad R, Dey HC, Idris AM. A review on radionuclide pollution in global soils with environmental and health hazards evaluation. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:9245-9266. [PMID: 37578560 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01725-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Human populations are being exposed to a wide spectrum of radiation from soils as a result of the availability of radiation sources. Assessing the ecological and health effects of radionuclides in soils is crucial to support the optimal soil management practices but large-scale studies are limited. This study compiled data on radionuclides (226Ra, 232Th, 40K, 238U, and 137Cs) in soils located across the world (44 countries and 159 places) between 2008 and 2022 and applied radiological hazards indices and several multivariate statistical approaches. The average activity concentration (Bq/kg) of 226Ra, 232Th, 40K, 238U, and 137Cs were 408.56, 144.80, 508.78, 532.78, and 83.12, respectively, whereas 226Ra, 232Th, 40K, and 238U exceeded the standard limits. The principal component analysis explained more than 91% of variation in soils. Based on the geoaccumulation index, 40K posed moderately to heavy contamination whereas 238U and 226Ra posed moderate contamination in soils. Moreover, the mean values of radiological hazards evaluation such as radium equivalent activity (487.17 Bq/kg), external radiation hazard indices (1.32), internal hazard indices (2.15), absorbed dose rate (247.86 nGyh-1), annual effective dose rate (1.82 mSvy-1), activity utilization index (4.54) and excess lifetime cancer risk (63.84 × 10-4) were higher than recommended limit suggesting significant radiological risks in study region soils. The findings indicated that the study area soils were contaminated by radionuclides and unsafe for hazards in terms of the health risks linked with studied radioactive contents. The study is valuable for mapping radioactivity across the globe to determine the level of radioactivity hazards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishno Chandra
- Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh
| | - Ram Proshad
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Hridoy Chandra Dey
- Faculty of Agriculture, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki Patuakhali, 8602, Bangladesh
| | - Abubakr M Idris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, 62529, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, 62529, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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9
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Das M, Proshad R, Chandra K, Islam M, Abdullah Al M, Baroi A, Idris AM. Heavy metals contamination, receptor model-based sources identification, sources-specific ecological and health risks in road dust of a highly developed city. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:8633-8662. [PMID: 37682507 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01736-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
The present study quantified Ni, Cu, Cr, Pb, Cd, As, Zn, and Fe levels in road dust collected from a variety of sites in Tangail, Bangladesh. The goal of this study was to use a matrix factorization model to identify the specific origin of these components and to evaluate the ecological and health hazards associated with each potential origin. The inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used to determine the concentrations of Cu, Ni, Cr, Pb, As, Zn, Cd, and Fe. The average concentrations of these elements were found to be 30.77 ± 8.80, 25.17 ± 6.78, 39.49 ± 12.53, 28.74 ± 7.84, 1.90 ± 0.79, 158.30 ± 28.25, 2.42 ± 0.69, and 18,185.53 ± 4215.61 mg/kg, respectively. Compared to the top continental crust, the mean values of Cu, Pb, Zn, and Cd were 1.09, 1.69, 2.36, and 26.88 times higher, respectively. According to the Nemerow integrated pollution index (NIPI), pollution load index (PLI), Nemerow integrated risk index (NIRI), and potential ecological risk (PER), 84%, 42%, 30%, and 16% of sampling areas, respectively, which possessed severe contamination. PMF model revealed that Cu (43%), Fe (69.3%), and Cd (69.2%) were mainly released from mixed sources, natural sources, and traffic emission, respectively. Traffic emission posed high and moderate risks for modified NIRI and potential ecological risks. The calculated PMF model-based health hazards indicated that the cancer risk value for traffic emission, natural, and mixed sources had been greater than (1.0E-04), indicating probable cancer risks and that traffic emission posed 38% risk to adult males where 37% for both adult females and children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukta Das
- Department of Zoology, Government Saadat College, Tangail, 1903, Bangladesh
| | - Ram Proshad
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Krishno Chandra
- Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh
| | - Maksudul Islam
- Department of Environmental Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali, 8602, Bangladesh
| | - Mamun Abdullah Al
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Aquatic Eco-Health Group, Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Artho Baroi
- Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Abubakr M Idris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, 62529, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, 62529, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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10
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Safarov A, Safarov A, Khasanov S, Umirzakov E, Proshad R, Suvanova S, Muminov M. Evaluation of radon hazards at the rural settlements of Uzbekistan. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:915. [PMID: 37402006 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11493-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
The "passive" sorption detectors based on the activated charcoal together with scintillation spectrometry were utilized to measure radon flux density from the soil surface as well as volumetric activity of indoor radon at the dwellings of rural areas of Uzbekistan. Additionally, gamma dose rates as well as concentrations of natural radionuclides in soil and building materials samples were determined. Based on the values of natural radionuclides, common radiological indices have been calculated. It was found that varying greatly, 94% radon flux density values did not exceed 80 mBq/(m2·s), while volumetric activities of radon were in the range of 35-564 Bq/m3. The radium equivalent activity for studied soil and building materials samples were below the allowed limit of 370 Bq/kg. Computed gamma dose rates were in the range of 55.50-73.89 ƞGyh-1 below the limit of 80 ƞGyh-1 and annual effective dose rate 0.068-0.091 mSvy-1, the average value of which was higher than the standard limit > 0.47 mSvy-1. The gamma representative index range was 0.89-1.19 with an average of 1.002 which was higher than the standard limit of 1.0. The range of activity utilization index was equal to 0.70-0.86 with an average value 0.77 which was lower than the recommended level ≤ 2.0. And lastly, excess lifetime cancer risk index values were from 1.9 × 10-4 to 2.5 × 10-4 and were lower than the recommended value 2.9 × 10-4 indicating low radiological risk. The results are consistent with the research conducted by other authors earlier, implying suitability of employing the method for the assessment of residential areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akmal Safarov
- Samarkand State University, 140104, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
| | - Askar Safarov
- Samarkand State University, 140104, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
| | - Shakhboz Khasanov
- Samarkand State University, 140104, Samarkand, Uzbekistan.
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | | | - Ram Proshad
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu , Sichuan, 610041, China
| | | | - Maruf Muminov
- Samarkand State University, 140104, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
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11
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Jia S, Dai Z, Zhou Z, Ling H, Yang Z, Qi L, Wang Z, Zhang X, Thanh HV, Soltanian MR. Upscaling dispersivity for conservative solute transport in naturally fractured media. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 235:119844. [PMID: 36931187 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.119844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Physical heterogeneities are prevalent features of fracture systems and significantly impact transport processes in aquifers across different spatiotemporal scales. Upscaling solute transport parameter is an effective way of quantifying parameter variability in heterogeneous aquifers including fractured media. This paper develops conceptual models for upscaling conservative transport parameters in fracture media. The focus is on upscaling dispersivity. Lagrangian-based transport model (LBTM) for dispersivity upscaling are derived for the solute transport in two-dimensional fractures surrounded by an impermeable matrix. The LBTM is validated against the random walk particle tracking (RWPT) model, which enables highly efficient and accurate predictions of conservative solute transport. The results show that the derived scale-dependent analytical expressions are in excellent agreement with RWPT model results. In addition, LBTM results are also compared to experimental results from the observed breakthrough curve of a conservative solute transport through a single natural fracture within a granite core. Comparing results from the LBTM and transport experiment shows that LBTM based estimated dispersivity is 10.55% higher than the measured value. Errors introduced by the experiments, the conceptual assumptions in deriving models, and the heterogeneities of fracture apertures not fully sampled by measuring instruments are main factor for such discrepancy. The sensitivity analysis indicates that the longitudinal and transverse dispersivities are positively related to the integral scale and the variance of the log-fracture aperture. The longitudinal dispersivity is strongly contolled by the variance of the log-fracture aperture. The LBTM may be useful for directly predicting solute transports, requiring only the acquisition of fractured geostatistical data. This work provides a better understanding of transport processes in fractured media which ultimately control water quality across scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sida Jia
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China; College of Construction Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhenxue Dai
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China; College of Construction Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Zhichao Zhou
- CNNC Key Laboratory on Geological Disposal of High-level Radioactive Waste, Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Ling
- CNNC Key Laboratory on Geological Disposal of High-level Radioactive Waste, Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhijie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China; College of Construction Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Linlin Qi
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China; College of Construction Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zihao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China; College of Construction Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China; College of Construction Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Hung Vo Thanh
- Laboratory for Computational Mechanics, Institute for Computational Science and Artificial Intelligence, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Faculty of Mechanical - Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Technology, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Mohamad Reza Soltanian
- Departments of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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12
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Singh BK, Mahzan NS, Abdul Rashid NS, Isa SA, Hafeez MA, Saslow S, Wang G, Mo C, Um W. Design and Application of Materials for Sequestration and Immobilization of 99Tc. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:6776-6798. [PMID: 37071722 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c00129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
99Technetium (99Tc) is a hazardous radionuclide that poses a serious environmental threat. The wide variation and complex chemistries of liquid nuclear waste streams containing 99Tc often create unique, site specific challenges when sequestering and immobilizing the waste in a matrix suitable for long-term storage and disposal. Therefore, an effective management plan for 99Tc containing liquid radioactive wastes (such as storage (tanks) and decommissioned wastes) will likely require a variety of suitable materials/matrixes capable of adapting to and addressing these challenges. In this review, we discuss and highlight the key developments for effective removal and immobilization of 99Tc liquid waste in inorganic waste forms. Specifically, we review the synthesis, characterization, and application of materials for the targeted removal of 99Tc from (simulated) waste solutions under various experimental conditions. These materials include (i) layered double hydroxides (LDHs), (ii) metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), (iii) ion-exchange resins (IERs) as well as cationic organic polymers (COPs), (iv) surface modified natural clay materials (SMCMs), and (v) graphene-based materials (GBMs). Second, we discuss some of the major and recent developments toward 99Tc immobilization in (i) glass, (ii) cement, and (iii) iron mineral waste forms. Finally, we present future challenges that need to be addressed for the design, synthesis, and selection of suitable matrixes for the efficient sequestration and immobilization of 99Tc from targeted wastes. The purpose of this review is to inspire research on the design and application of various suitable materials/matrixes for selective removal of 99Tc present globally in different radioactive wastes and its immobilization in stable/durable waste forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhupendra Kumar Singh
- Division of Advanced Nuclear Engineering (DANE), Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 790-784, Republic of Korea
- Nuclear Environmental Technology Institute (NETI), Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Nurul Syiffa Mahzan
- Division of Advanced Nuclear Engineering (DANE), Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Nur Shahidah Abdul Rashid
- Division of Advanced Nuclear Engineering (DANE), Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Samiratu Atibun Isa
- Division of Advanced Nuclear Engineering (DANE), Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Aamir Hafeez
- Division of Advanced Nuclear Engineering (DANE), Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Sarah Saslow
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Guohui Wang
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Changki Mo
- Washington State University Tri-Cities, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Wooyong Um
- Division of Advanced Nuclear Engineering (DANE), Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 790-784, Republic of Korea
- Division of Environmental Sciences and Engineering (DESE), Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Chongam-ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 790-784, Republic of Korea
- Nuclear Environmental Technology Institute (NETI), Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk 790-784, Republic of Korea
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13
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Hui X, Sheikh Asadi AM, Fakhri Y, Mehri F, Limam I, Thai VN. Potential toxic elements in costal sediment of the Persian Gulf: a systematic review-meta-analysis, non-dietary risk assessment and ecological risk assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:64891-64903. [PMID: 37095211 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26949-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Potential toxic element (PTE) contamination in the Persian Gulf has become an important health concern in recent decades. This investigation aimed to meta-analyses of potential toxic elements including lead (Pb), inorganic arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), and mercury (Hg) in the coastal sediment of the Persian Gulf. In this study, an attempt was made to retrieve papers conducted on the concentration of PTE in the coastal sediment of the Persian Gulf by searching in international databases including Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, and PubMed. Meta-analysis concentration of PTE in the coastal sediment of the Persian Gulf was conducted using random effects model based on the country subgroup. Additionally, non-dietary risk assessment including non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks from ingestion, inhalation and dermal contact routes and ecological risk assessment was estimated. Seventy-eight papers with 81 data-reports (1650 sample size) were included in our meta-analysis. The rank order of heavy metals in coastal sediment of the Persian Gulf based on pooled concentration was Ni (65.44 mg/kg) > Pb (58.35 mg/kg) > As (23.78 mg/kg) > Cd (1.75 mg/kg) > Hg (0.77 mg/kg). The highest concentration of As, Cd, Pb, Ni, and Hg was observed in the coastal sediment of Saudi Arabia, Arab Emirates, Qatar, Iran, and Saudi Arabia, respectively. Although the Igeo index in coastal sediment of the Persian Gulf was in grade 1 (uncontaminated) and grade 2 (slightly contaminated) but total target hazard quotient (TTHQ) of adults and adolescent was higher than 1 value in Iran, Saudi Arabic, United Arab Emirates, and Qatar. Total cancer risk (TCR) for adults and adolescent due to As was higher than 1E-6 in Iran, United Arab Emirates, and Qatar but TCR for adolescents due to As was higher than 1E-6 in Saudi Arabic. Therefore, it is recommended to monitor the concentration of PTE and implementation of programs to reduce the emission of PTE from resources in the Persian Gulf.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Hui
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Jinzhong, 030600, China
| | - Amir Mohammad Sheikh Asadi
- Institute IWAR, Chair of Environmental Analytics and Pollutants, Technical University of Darmstadt, Franziska-Braun-Straße 7, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Yadolah Fakhri
- Food Health Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Mehri
- Nutrition Health Research Center, Center of Excellence for Occupational Health, Research Center for Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Intissar Limam
- Laboratory of Materials, Treatment and Analysis, National Institute of Research and Physicochemical Analysis; and High School for Science and Health Techniques of Tunis, University of Tunis, El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Van Nam Thai
- HUTECH University, 475A, Dien Bien Phu, Ward 25, Binh Thanh District, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
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14
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Aljar MAA, Rashdan S, Almutawah A, El-Fattah AA. Synthesis and Characterization of Biodegradable Poly(vinyl alcohol)-Chitosan/Cellulose Hydrogel Beads for Efficient Removal of Pb(II), Cd(II), Zn(II), and Co(II) from Water. Gels 2023; 9:gels9040328. [PMID: 37102940 PMCID: PMC10137731 DOI: 10.3390/gels9040328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, water contamination by heavy metals is a serious problem that affects the environment and human health. Adsorption is the most efficient way of water treatment for eliminating heavy metals. Various hydrogels have been prepared and used as adsorbents to remove heavy metals. By taking advantage of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), chitosan (CS), cellulose (CE), and the process for physical crosslinking, we propose a simple method to prepare a PVA-CS/CE composite hydrogel adsorbent for the removal of Pb(II), Cd(II), Zn(II) and Co(II) from water. Structural analyses of the adsorbent were examined by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) analysis, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). PVA-CS/CE hydrogel beads had a good spherical shape together with a robust structure and suitable functional groups for the adsorption of heavy metals. The effects of adsorption parameters such as pH, contact time, adsorbent dose, initial concentration of metal ions, and temperature on the adsorption capacity of PVA-CS/CE adsorbent were studied. The adsorption characteristics of PVA-CS/CE for heavy metals may be completely explained by pseudo-second-order adsorption and the Langmuir adsorption model. The removal efficiency of PVA-CS/CE adsorbent for Pb(II), Cd(II), Zn(II), and Co(II) was 99, 95, 92, and 84%, respectively, within 60 min. The heavy metal's hydrated ionic radius may be crucial in determining the adsorption preference. After five consecutive adsorption-desorption cycles, the removal efficiency remained over 80%. As a result, the outstanding adsorption-desorption properties of PVA-CS/CE can potentially be extended to industrial wastewater for heavy metal ion removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona A Aziz Aljar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir P.O. Box 32038, Bahrain
| | - Suad Rashdan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir P.O. Box 32038, Bahrain
| | - Abdulla Almutawah
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir P.O. Box 32038, Bahrain
| | - Ahmed Abd El-Fattah
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir P.O. Box 32038, Bahrain
- Department of Materials Science, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21526, Egypt
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15
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Almohana AI, Almojil SF, Alali AF, Almoalimi KT. The elimination and extraction of organosulfur compounds from real water and soil samples using metal organic framework/graphene oxide as a novel and efficient nanocomposite. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 319:137950. [PMID: 36702420 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, an efficient metal organic framework/graphene oxide (MOF-801/GO) sorbent was fabricated and employed for the detection of organosulfur pesticides (OSPs) in real samples using gas chromatography-flame photometric detection (GC-FPD). The optimal extraction parameters for the suggested solid-phase extraction (SPE) include sorbent amount (60 mg), extraction solvent (acetonitrile) and extraction time (5 min). The linear dynamic ranges and detection limits for organosulfur pesticides (OSPs) samples under above extraction conditions were ranged from 0.5 to 300 μg L-1 and 0.1-1.1 μg L-1, respectively. Moreover, the proposed SPE/GC-FDP method was applied for the analysis of pesticides in different real environmental water and soil samples. The obtained recoveries of the analytes in were between 92.0 and 106.8% and relative standard deviation (RSD) values were lower than 9.2%. The application of the MOF-801/GO as a sorbent in dSPE of OSPs analytes showed to be reliable, fast and sensible methodology for pesticides monitoring in different environmental samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaziz Ibrahim Almohana
- Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh, 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sattam Fahad Almojil
- Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh, 11421, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdulrhman Fahmi Alali
- Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh, 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled Twfiq Almoalimi
- Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh, 11421, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Rafiq M, Shaheen A, Trabelsi Y, Eldin SM, Khan MI, Suker DK. Impact of activation energy and variable properties on peristaltic flow through porous wall channel. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3219. [PMID: 36828858 PMCID: PMC9958113 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30334-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study discusses the peristaltic flow of Jeffrey fluid through a porous wall channel. Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) effects are also considered while formulating the problem. Heat and mass transfers are discussed in the presence of activation energy and constant heat source/sink effects. A chemical reaction is also part of the analysis. The Lubrication approach is adopted for the simplification of resulting non-linear equations. MATHEMATICA command, NDSolve, is used to discuss the results graphically for various flow parameters like Hartman number [Formula: see text], porosity parameter [Formula: see text], slip parameters ([Formula: see text]), Schmidt [Formula: see text], Soret [Formula: see text] and Prandtl [Formula: see text] numbers, and many others. Parabolic behavior for velocity and sinusoidal nature for heat transfer and pressure gradient is noticed. Results indicate that the velocity is greatly affected by varying values of slip parameters (γ's) and Hartman number [Formula: see text]. Enhancing the viscoelastic nature of fluid causes an increase in velocity. Similar behavior is noticed for velocity and temperature profiles. The decreasing trend is shown by concentration when the value of the chemical reaction and temperature ratio parameters is enhanced. Thus, the study presented in the current analysis can be used to study many human physiological systems especially, the blood flow. Since Jeffrey's fluid exhibits the same characteristics as observed for blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maimona Rafiq
- Department of Mathematics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Attock, 43600, Pakistan.
| | - Asma Shaheen
- Department of Mathematics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Attock, 43600, Pakistan
| | - Youssef Trabelsi
- Department of Physics, College of Science and Arts at Muhayel, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sayed M Eldin
- Center of Research, Faculty of Engineering, Future University in Egypt New Cairo, New Cairo, 11835, Egypt
| | - M Ijaz Khan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Riphah International University, I-14, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Dhia Kadhm Suker
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Islamic Architecture, Umm Al-Qura University, P. O. Box 5555, Mecca, 21955, Saudi Arabia
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17
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Shi Y, Yang S, Wu E, Wang L, Chen W, Xiong W, Zhang Y, Zhang A, Lian B. Advection-Dispersion Behavior for Simulation of H-3 and Pu-238 Transport in Undisturbed Argillaceous Shale of a Near-Surface Repository. TOXICS 2023; 11:124. [PMID: 36850999 PMCID: PMC9959887 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11020124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a column experiment was employed to evaluate the nuclide migration behavior in the surrounding rock medium of a near-surface disposal site in China and to investigate the advection-dispersion behavior of tritium (H-3) and plutonium-238 (Pu-238) in highly weathered argillaceous shale. A reasonable numerical model was selected to fit the experimental breakthrough curves (BTCs) and to obtain the relevant migration parameters. The results show the following: (1) the internal structure of the highly weathered argillaceous shale exhibited heterogeneity, and the nuclide migration BTC showed characteristics of a "curve peak moving forward" and a "tail curve trailing"; (2) compared with other models, the stream tube mode could better fit the BTCs and obtain the average dispersion coefficient <D>, average distribution coefficient <Kd>, and other parameters; (3) compared to the results of the batch experiment, the distribution coefficient Kd obtained from the column experiment was smaller than that obtained from the batch experiment, which is speculated to be due to the influence of contact time and the contact area between the nuclide and the medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng Shi
- Department of Nuclear Environmental Science, China Institute for Radiation Protection (CIRP), Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Song Yang
- Department of Nuclear Environmental Science, China Institute for Radiation Protection (CIRP), Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Enhui Wu
- School of Nuclear Science and Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Longjiang Wang
- Department of Nuclear Environmental Science, China Institute for Radiation Protection (CIRP), Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Wenjie Chen
- Department of Nuclear Environmental Science, China Institute for Radiation Protection (CIRP), Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Weijia Xiong
- CNNC Environmental Protection Corporation (ECPC), Beijing 100045, China
| | - Yanna Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Environmental Science, China Institute for Radiation Protection (CIRP), Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Aiming Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Environmental Science, China Institute for Radiation Protection (CIRP), Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Bing Lian
- Department of Nuclear Environmental Science, China Institute for Radiation Protection (CIRP), Taiyuan 030006, China
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18
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Du Z, Dai Z, Yang Z, Jia S. Uncertainty and sensitivity analysis of radionuclide migration through fractured granite aquifer. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2022; 255:107020. [PMID: 36194969 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2022.107020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The radionuclide migration in the high-level radioactive waste (HLW) disposal is usually predicted by numerical simulations for risk analysis of radionuclide contamination in a large scale of time and space. However, the uncertainties in radionuclide migration models and their associated parameters significantly affect the simulation results. In the present study, we first selected certain parameters and output data as independent parameters and risk metrics and performed a series of radionuclide transport models at a research site in Northwestern China. The models considered radionuclide migration in the equivalent porous medium with the mechanism of nuclide decay in an arbitrary-length decay chain, adsorption, advection, diffusion, and dispersion. Then 3000 Monte Carlo (MC) simulations were performed to carry out a set of uncertainty and global sensitivity analysis by coupling an uncertainty quantification tool with a radionuclide migration simulator. The results indicated that both hydraulic gradient and hydraulic conductivity significantly influenced the risk metrics. Thus, it is critical to obtain hydraulic gradient and hydraulic conductivity data under the same economic conditions. We applied the multivariate adaptive regression spline (MARS) method to generate response surface models representing the relationships among independent parameters and risk metrics. Calculations of the risk metric distribution ranges revealed that the peak release doses would appear at 0.40 and 0.79 million years, and their values will be in the range of 4.7 × 10-7-1.93 × 10-6 Sv/a. Uncertainty and sensitivity analysis results of radionuclide contamination in the fractured granite upon which HLW is disposed can improve simulation and prediction accuracy for radionuclide migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyang Du
- College of Construction Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China; Institute of Intelligent Simulation and Early Warning for Subsurface Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhenxue Dai
- College of Construction Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China; Institute of Intelligent Simulation and Early Warning for Subsurface Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, China; Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhijie Yang
- College of Construction Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China; Institute of Intelligent Simulation and Early Warning for Subsurface Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, China; Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Sida Jia
- College of Construction Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China; Institute of Intelligent Simulation and Early Warning for Subsurface Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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19
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Application of soft computing and statistical methods to predict rock mass permeability. Soft comput 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00500-022-07586-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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20
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Zhang X, Wang Z, Reimus P, Ma F, Soltanian MR, Xing B, Zang J, Wang Y, Dai Z. Plutonium reactive transport in fractured granite: Multi-species experiments and simulations. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 224:119068. [PMID: 36103780 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Plutonium (Pu) in the subsurface environment can transport in different oxidation states as an aqueous solute or as colloidal particles. The transport behavior of Pu is affected by the relative abundances of these species and can be difficult to predict when they simultaneously exist. This study investigates the concurrent transport of Pu intrinsic colloids, Pu(IV)(aq) and Pu(V-VI)(aq) through a combination of controlled experiments and semi-analytical dual-porosity transport modeling. Pu transport experiments were conducted in a fractured granite at high and low flow rates to elucidate sorption processes and their scaling behavior. In the experiments, Pu(IV)(aq) was the least mobile of the Pu species, Pu(V-VI)(aq) had intermediate mobility, and the colloidal Pu, which consisted mainly of precipitated and/or hydrolyzed Pu(IV), was the most mobile. The semi-analytical modeling revealed that the sorption of each Pu species was rate-limited, as the sorption could not be described by assuming local equilibrium in the experiments. The model was able to describe the sorption of the different Pu species that occurring either on fracture surfaces, in the pores of the rock matrix, or simultaneously in both locations. While equally good fits to the data could be achieved using any of these assumptions, a fracture-dominated process was considered to be the most plausible because it provided the most reasonable estimates of sorption rate constants. Importantly, a key result of this work is that the sorption rate constant of all Pu species tends to decrease with increasing time scales, which implies that Pu will tend to be more mobile at longer time scales than observations at shorter time scales suggest. This result has important implications for predicting the environmental impacts of Pu in the safety assessments of geologic repositories for radioactive waste disposal, and we explore potential mechanistic bases for upscaling the sorption rate constants to time and distance scales that cannot be practically evaluated in experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Zhang
- Institute of Intelligent Simulation and Early Warning for Subsurface Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China; College of Construction Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- College of Construction Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China
| | - Paul Reimus
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, United States
| | - Funing Ma
- College of Construction Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China
| | - Mohamad Reza Soltanian
- Departments of Geology and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, United States
| | - Jianzheng Zang
- Institute of Nuclear and New Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Institute of Nuclear and New Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Zhenxue Dai
- Institute of Intelligent Simulation and Early Warning for Subsurface Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China; College of Construction Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China; Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130026, China.
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21
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Zhang D, Wang Y, Heng J, Diao X, Zu G, Jin Q, Chen Z, Guo Z. Stability of Eu(III)-silicate colloids: Effect of Eu content, pH, electrolyte and fulvic acid. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 438:129363. [PMID: 35777145 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved silicic acid in the environment has strong affinity for actinides (An), but An(III)-silicate colloids have been scarcely investigated. In this study, Eu(III)-silicate colloids, an analogue to An(III)-silicate, were prepared and the aggregation kinetics of the colloids was investigated as a function of Eu content (Si/Eu molar ratio), pH, background electrolyte (NaCl, NaNO3, NaClO4, KCl and CsCl) and fulvic acid (FA). Results indicated that the colloids with higher Si/Eu molar ratio exhibited higher stability under the same conditions. The stability of the colloids increased with increasing aqueous pH (7.1-9.4) and decreasing ionic strength, and the inhibition effect of monovalent electrolytes on the colloid stability followed the order of Na+ < K+ < Cs+ and Cl- < NO3- < ClO4-. In addition, the presence of FA significantly increased the stability of the colloids. The dependence of the stability on the chemical conditions in all cases could be illustrated by DLVO theory. Disaggregation kinetics showed that the aggregation process of the colloids was not fully reversible, because a time-dependent size memory effect led to a bigger mean size of disaggregated colloids as compared to the initial ones. The present work provides detailed insight in the formation and stability of An(III)-silicate colloids under the alkaline conditions relevant to geological disposal of radioactive waste, which is critical for understanding the behavior of this type of colloids in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daming Zhang
- Radiochemistry Laboratory, School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuxiong Wang
- Radiochemistry Laboratory, School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou, China
| | - Jiaxi Heng
- Radiochemistry Laboratory, School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou, China
| | - Xinya Diao
- Radiochemistry Laboratory, School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou, China
| | - Ganlin Zu
- Radiochemistry Laboratory, School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou, China
| | - Qiang Jin
- Radiochemistry Laboratory, School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou, China; Frontiers Science Center for Rare Isotopes, Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou, China.
| | - Zongyuan Chen
- Radiochemistry Laboratory, School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou, China; Frontiers Science Center for Rare Isotopes, Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhijun Guo
- Radiochemistry Laboratory, School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou, China; Frontiers Science Center for Rare Isotopes, Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou, China.
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Effects of S and Mineral Elements (Ca, Al, Si and Fe) on Thermochemical Behaviors of Zn during Co-Pyrolysis of Coal and Waste Tire: A Combined Experimental and Thermodynamic Simulation Study. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10081635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The transformation behaviors of Zn during co-pyrolysis of waste tires and coal were studied in a fixed-bed reaction system. The effects of pyrolysis temperature and the Zn content of coal mixture on the Zn distributions in the pyrolytic products (coke, tar and gas) were investigated in detail. It is found that the relative percentages of Zn in the pyrolytic products are closely related to the contents of S and mineral elements (Ca, Al, Si and Fe) in the coal. The thermodynamic equilibrium simulations conducted using FactSage 8.0 show that S, Al and Si can interact with Zn to inhibit the volatilization of Zn from coke. The reaction sequence with Zn is S > Al > Si, and the thermal stability of products is in the order of ZnS > ZnAl2O4 > Zn2SiO4. These results provide insights into the migration characteristics of Zn during co-pyrolysis of coal and waste tires, which is vital to the prevention and control of Zn emissions to reduce the environmental burden.
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Selenium Migration Mode in Coal Seams: Insights from Multivariate Analysis, Leaching Investigation, and Modelling. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/6189492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Processes controlling selenium concentrations ([Se]) in mine waters were studied at an operating coalmine district in Xuzhou city, China. The geochemistry and mobility of selenium was studied through leaching experiments, multivariate analysis, and numerical modeling. Results showed that selenium leaching was influenced by selenium occurrence in minerals, pH, electron activity (pe), and sulfur concentration in the water. Selenium occurrence in host rock was mainly sulfide minerals, and clay minerals in coal, respectively. Therefore, the oxidation and dissolution of sulfide minerals and transformation of clays may control the release of selenium. Experimental leaching experiments suggested selenium tends to leach more when the solution has more sulfur dissolved. A positive relationship is established between pH and the amount of Se released into solution with four times more Se released at pH 12 compared to pH 2 when leached with high-purity water. This release behavior is higher in O2-rich environments. The numerical modeling results showed that pH, pe, and sulfur presence in the solution play important roles in selenium adsorption. Selenium was desorbed from adsorbing surfaces under alkaline conditions, specifically when the solution pH was higher than 8. Higher pe values in the solution caused reduced selenium adsorption. In addition, dissolved sulfur competed with selenate for surfaces of adsorption, thus, selenium adsorption decreases as the sulfur concentration increased.
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