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Fotros D, Sohouli M, Yari Z, Sakhdari H, Shafiekhani M, Nikoupour H, Jafarzadeh MA, Jafari K, Afiatjoo SS, Fatemi SA, Amiri M, Eghlimi H, Rabbani A, Broumandnia N, Mazdeh GM, Jafarian A, Hekmatdoost A. Vitamin D status as a predictor for liver transplant outcomes. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21018. [PMID: 38030697 PMCID: PMC10687262 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48496-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well known that vitamin D plays a pivotal role in immune system modulation; however, its role in liver transplantation (LT) has not yet been well elucidated. This study aimed to assess the association between vitamin D status and LT outcomes. This retrospective cohort study was conducted on 335 registered cirrhotic patients with end-stage liver disease (ESLD) who underwent LT during 2019-2021 and had measurement of serum vitamin D before LT. The association of vitamin D levels before LT with the odds of acute cellular rejection (ACR) and risk mortality was assessed by applying logistic and cox regression, respectively. The mean MELD-Na and serum level of vitamin D were 20.39 ± 9.36 and 21.52 ± 15.28 ng/ml, respectively. In the final adjusted model, there was a significant association between vitamin D deficiency in the pre-transplant period and odds of ACR (odds ratio [OR] 2.69; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.50-4.68). Although in the crude model, vitamin D deficiency in the pre-transplant period was significantly associated with an increased risk of mortality after two years of follow-up (Hazard ratio (HR) = 2.64, 95% CI 1.42-4.33), after adjustment for potential confounders, the association of vitamin D status and mortality became non-significant (HR = 1.46, 95% CI 0.71-3.00). The present study provides evidence that pre-transplant serum vitamin D levels may be a predictor for ACR in patients with cirrhosis undergoing LT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danial Fotros
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadhassan Sohouli
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Yari
- Department of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hanie Sakhdari
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Science, Babol, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Shafiekhani
- Shiraz Organ Transplant Center, Abu-Ali Sina Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Shiraz Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hamed Nikoupour
- Shiraz Organ Transplant Center, Abu-Ali Sina Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Shiraz Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Keynoosh Jafari
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | | | - Mahmoud Amiri
- Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hesameddin Eghlimi
- Department of General Surgery, Ayatollah Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhassan Rabbani
- Department of General Surgery, Ayatollah Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Broumandnia
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghazaleh Mahdavi Mazdeh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Jafarian
- Division of Hepatopancreatobiliary and Liver Transplantation Surgery, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azita Hekmatdoost
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Pop TL, Sîrbe C, Benţa G, Mititelu A, Grama A. The Role of Vitamin D and Vitamin D Binding Protein in Chronic Liver Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810705. [PMID: 36142636 PMCID: PMC9503777 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D (calciferol) is a fat-soluble vitamin that has a significant role in phospho-calcium metabolism, maintaining normal calcium levels and bone health development. The most important compounds of vitamin D are cholecalciferol (vitamin D3, or VD3) and ergocalciferol (vitamin D2, or VD2). Besides its major role in maintaining an adequate level of calcium and phosphate concentrations, vitamin D is involved in cell growth and differentiation and immune function. Recently, the association between vitamin D deficiency and the progression of fibrosis in chronic liver disease (CLD) was confirmed, given the hepatic activation process and high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in these diseases. There are reports of vitamin D deficiency in CLD regardless of the etiology (chronic viral hepatitis, alcoholic cirrhosis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, primary biliary cirrhosis, or autoimmune hepatitis). Vitamin D binding protein (VDBP) is synthesized by the liver and has the role of binding and transporting vitamin D and its metabolites to the target organs. VDBP also plays an important role in inflammatory response secondary to tissue damage, being involved in the degradation of actin. As intense research during the last decades revealed the possible role of vitamin D in liver diseases, a deeper understanding of the vitamin D, vitamin D receptors (VDRs), and VDBP involvement in liver inflammation and fibrogenesis could represent the basis for the development of new strategies for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of liver diseases. This narrative review presents an overview of the evidence of the role of vitamin D and VDBP in CLD, both at the experimental and clinical levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tudor Lucian Pop
- 2nd Pediatric Discipline, Department of Mother and Child, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- 2nd Pediatric Clinic, Emergency Clinical Hospital for Children, 400177 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Claudia Sîrbe
- 2nd Pediatric Discipline, Department of Mother and Child, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Gabriel Benţa
- 2nd Pediatric Discipline, Department of Mother and Child, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alexandra Mititelu
- 2nd Pediatric Discipline, Department of Mother and Child, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alina Grama
- 2nd Pediatric Discipline, Department of Mother and Child, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- 2nd Pediatric Clinic, Emergency Clinical Hospital for Children, 400177 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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3
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Wang P, Gao XS, Zhang YN, Duan XF. Progress in research of non-cirrhotic chronic viral hepatitis with osteoporosis. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2022; 30:491-497. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v30.i11.491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is one of the complications of chronic viral hepatitis related cirrhosis, and the pathogenesis and treatment methods for osteoporosis have been extensively studied. However, whether chronic viral hepatitis is the risk factor for osteoporosis is still controversial. Some studies have demonstrated the relationship between them, but there is still no systematic judgment on its pathogenesis and treatment. In this review, we systematically summarize the risk, possible pathogenesis, and treatment scheme of osteoporosis secondary to non-cirrhosis chronic viral hepatitis, with an aim to clarify the relationship between chronic viral hepatitis and osteoporosis, remind clinicians to be alert to the possibility of osteoporosis complicated by chronic viral hepatitis, and provide support for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- Department of General Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Xue-Song Gao
- Department of General Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Yao-Nan Zhang
- Orthopedic Department of Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xue-Fei Duan
- Department of General Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
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Caballero-García A, Noriega DC, Bello HJ, Roche E, Córdova-Martínez A. The Immunomodulatory Function of Vitamin D, with Particular Reference to SARS-CoV-2. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2021; 57:1321. [PMID: 34946266 PMCID: PMC8706376 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57121321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Vaccines are the only way to reduce the morbidity associated to SARS-CoV-2 infection. The appearance of new mutations urges us to increase the effectiveness of vaccines as a complementary alternative. In this context, the use of adjuvant strategies has improved the effectiveness of different vaccines against virus infections such as dengue, influenza, and common cold. Recent reports on patients infected by COVID-19 reveal that low levels of circulating vitamin D correlate with a severe respiratory insufficiency. The immunomodulatory activity of this micronutrient attenuates the synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines and at the same time, increases antibody production. Therefore, the present review proposes the use of vitamin D as adjuvant micronutrient to increase the efficacy of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Caballero-García
- Department of Anatomy and Radiology, Health Sciences Faculty, GIR of Physical Exercise and Aging, Campus Universitario “Los Pajaritos”, 42004 Soria, Spain;
| | - David C. Noriega
- Spine Department, Valladolid University Hospital, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain;
| | - Hugo J. Bello
- Department of Mathematics, School of Forestry Industry and Agronomic Engineering and Bioenergy, GIR of Physical Exercise and Aging, Campus Universitario “Los Pajaritos”, 42004 Soria, Spain;
| | - Enrique Roche
- Department of Applied Biology-Nutrition, Institute of Bioengineering, University Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain;
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfredo Córdova-Martínez
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, GIR of Physical Exercise and Aging, Campus Universitario “Los Pajaritos”, Valladolid University, 42004 Soria, Spain
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Cusato J, Bertani L, Antonucci M, Tomasello C, Caviglia GP, Dibitetto S, Massano A, Mangia M, Mula J, Ceccarelli L, Costa F, Zanzi F, Astegiano M, Ribaldone DG, D’Avolio A. Vitamin D-Related Genetics as Predictive Biomarker of Clinical Remission in Adalimumab-Treated Patients Affected by Crohn's Disease: A Pilot Study. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14121230. [PMID: 34959633 PMCID: PMC8706953 DOI: 10.3390/ph14121230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Adalimumab (ADA) is a human anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) monoclonal antibody used in inflammatory bowel diseases, such as Crohn’s disease (CD). Vitamin-D (VD) is important for biological functions, such as the modulation of expression of genes encoding enzymes and transporters involved in drug metabolism and transport. ADA trough levels were associated with VD concentrations in patients with IBD, but no data are present in the literature concerning VD pathway-related gene single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in affecting clinical outcomes. For this reason, the aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of VD-related genetics to predict clinical remission at 3 and 12 months in patients affected by CD treated with ADA. Patients affected by CD were included in this study. SNPs in CYP27B1, CYP24A1, GC, and VDR genes were analyzed through real-time PCR. A total of 63 patients were enrolled. Calprotectin, hemoglobin, and C-reactive protein levels were influenced by SNPs in VDR, CYP27B1, and GC genes. After 3 months of therapy, clinical remission was predicted by smoke, systemic steroids, and VDR BsmI, whereas at 12 months by GC 1296AA/AC and VD supplementation. This study reports the association between VD pathway-related genetics and ADA treatment. Further studies are needed to confirm these promising data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Cusato
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, Corso Svizzera, 164, 10149 Turin, Italy; (M.A.); (J.M.); (A.D.)
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (G.P.C.); Tel.: +39-011-4393867 (J.C.); Fax: +39-011-4393996 (J.C.)
| | - Lorenzo Bertani
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (L.B.); (F.Z.)
| | - Miriam Antonucci
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, Corso Svizzera, 164, 10149 Turin, Italy; (M.A.); (J.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Cristina Tomasello
- S.C. Farmacie Ospedaliere-Ospedale M.Vittoria-ASL Città di Torino, 10144 Turin, Italy;
| | - Gian Paolo Caviglia
- Unit of Gastroenterology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy; (S.D.); (A.M.); (M.M.); (D.G.R.)
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (G.P.C.); Tel.: +39-011-4393867 (J.C.); Fax: +39-011-4393996 (J.C.)
| | - Simone Dibitetto
- Unit of Gastroenterology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy; (S.D.); (A.M.); (M.M.); (D.G.R.)
| | - Alessandro Massano
- Unit of Gastroenterology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy; (S.D.); (A.M.); (M.M.); (D.G.R.)
| | - Michela Mangia
- Unit of Gastroenterology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy; (S.D.); (A.M.); (M.M.); (D.G.R.)
| | - Jacopo Mula
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, Corso Svizzera, 164, 10149 Turin, Italy; (M.A.); (J.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Linda Ceccarelli
- IBD Unit, Department of General Surgery and Gastroenterology, Pisa University Hospital, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (L.C.); (F.C.)
| | - Francesco Costa
- IBD Unit, Department of General Surgery and Gastroenterology, Pisa University Hospital, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (L.C.); (F.C.)
| | - Federico Zanzi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (L.B.); (F.Z.)
- IBD Unit, Department of General Surgery and Gastroenterology, Pisa University Hospital, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (L.C.); (F.C.)
| | - Marco Astegiano
- Unit of Gastroenterology, Molinette Hospital, 10126 Turin, Italy;
| | - Davide Giuseppe Ribaldone
- Unit of Gastroenterology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy; (S.D.); (A.M.); (M.M.); (D.G.R.)
| | - Antonio D’Avolio
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, Corso Svizzera, 164, 10149 Turin, Italy; (M.A.); (J.M.); (A.D.)
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Mongy NNE, Hilal RF. How far is vitamin D implicated in cutaneous infections. Clin Dermatol 2021; 40:198-205. [PMID: 34893391 DOI: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2021.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D is an important cornerstone in the immunologic cascade of many skin infections, systemic infections with cutaneous presentations, and other infectious dermatologic diseases where infections could be a culprit. Vitamin D supplementation is proposed as a protective measure against their occurrence and exacerbation, especially with the emergence of several viral pandemics in recent years. Vitamin D plays a key role in the maintenance of a balanced immunologic profile which could be reflected by a lowered incidence and morbidity of infections. Vitamin D screening and supplementation in patients with deficiencies or insufficiencies should be a part of the dermatologic approach to patients with these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naglaa Nabil El Mongy
- Professor of Dermatology, Kasr Al Ainy Teaching Hospital, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rana Fathy Hilal
- Associate Professor of Dermatology, Kasr Al Ainy Teaching Hospital, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Ali ME, Halby HM, Ali MY, Hassan EA, El-Mokhtar MA, Sayed IM, Thabet MM, Fouad M, El-Ashmawy AM, Mahran ZG. Role of Serum Vitamin D, Interleukin 13, and microRNA-135a in Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Treatment Failure in Egyptian HCV-Infected Patients Receiving Direct Antiviral Agents. Viruses 2021; 13:2008. [PMID: 34696438 PMCID: PMC8539757 DOI: 10.3390/v13102008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) are used for hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment. However, treatment failure and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development following treatment was reported. In this study, we assessed the role of serum vitamin D, interleukin 13 (IL-13), and microRNA-135a in the prediction of treatment failure with DAA and HCC development among Egyptian HCV-infected patients. A total of 950 patients with HCV-related chronic liver disease underwent DAA treatment. Before DAAs, serum vitamin D and IL-13 were determined by ELISA, and gene expression of miRNA-135a was assessed in serum by real-time PCR. The predictive abilities of these markers were determined using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Sustained virological response (SVR) was achieved in 92.6% of HCV-infected patients (responders). High viral load, IL-13, miRNA-135a, and low vitamin D levels were associated with treatment failure and HCC development. HCC development was recorded in non-responders, but not in the responders (35.7% vs. 0% p < 0.001). In conclusion: serum IL-13, Vitamin D, and miRNA-135a could be potential biomarkers in monitoring DAA treatment and HCC prediction. DAAs-induced SVR may decrease the incidence of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed E. Ali
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt; (M.E.A.); (H.M.H.); (M.Y.A.)
| | - Hamada M. Halby
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt; (M.E.A.); (H.M.H.); (M.Y.A.)
| | - Mamdouh Yones Ali
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt; (M.E.A.); (H.M.H.); (M.Y.A.)
| | - Elham Ahmed Hassan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed A. El-Mokhtar
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt; (M.A.E.-M.); (I.M.S.)
| | - Ibrahim M. Sayed
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt; (M.A.E.-M.); (I.M.S.)
| | - Marwa M. Thabet
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt;
| | - Magdy Fouad
- Hepato-Gastroenterology Unit, Tropical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, El-Minia University, Minya 61519, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed M. El-Ashmawy
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt;
| | - Zainab Gaber Mahran
- Department of Gastroenterology and Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt;
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Park E, Park EY. Inverse Association between Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D Levels and Risk of Suspected Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Obese Population. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:8682. [PMID: 34444431 PMCID: PMC8394297 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Worldwide, vitamin D deficiency is a public health issue and the prevalence of obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are rapidly increasing. There are a limited number of studies assessing the association between serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and NAFLD risk in obese population. OBJECTIVE We evaluated the associations between serum 25(OH)D levels and risk of suspected NAFLD after stratification by obesity using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2008-2014. METHODS This study included 25,755 subjects without significant alcohol consumption for the serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and hepatic steatosis index (HSI) analyses (8922 subjects for the serum gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and fatty liver index (FLI) analyses), based on a cross-sectional study design. Serum 25(OH)D levels were measured using a Gamma counter with radioimmunoassay. A survey logistic regression model was applied to estimate ORs and 95% CIs. Restricted cubic smoothing splines were applied to evaluate nonlinear associations. RESULTS The risk of suspected NAFLD was reduced per unit of natural log-transformed serum 25(OH)D concentration in obese individuals (OR [95% (CI)]; for ALT, 0.80 [0.67, 0.96]; for GGT, 0.70 [0.49, 0.99; for FLI, 0.68 [0.47, 1.01]; for HSI, 0.70 [0.56, 0.87]). The ORs [95% CI] of suspected NAFLD changed across the quartiles: for serum ALT, from 1.02 [0.85, 1.23] to 0.72 [0.59, 0.87]; for serum GGT, from 0.79 [0.56, 1.13] to 0.64 [0.44, 0.92]; for FLI, from 0.98 [0.67, 1.44] to 0.70 [0.48, 1.02]; and for HSI, from 0.91 [0.73, 1.14] to 0.65 [0.52, 0.81] with dose-response relationships (all p for trend < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that vitamin D sufficiency for public health should be emphasized in order to prevent adverse health effects in obese populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunjung Park
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate Scholl of Hanyang University, 222, Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea;
| | - Eun Young Park
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, 323, Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si 10408, Korea
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9
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Zacharioudaki M, Messaritakis I, Galanakis E. Vitamin D receptor, vitamin D binding protein and CYP27B1 single nucleotide polymorphisms and susceptibility to viral infections in infants. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13835. [PMID: 34226633 PMCID: PMC8257681 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93243-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of vitamin D in innate and adaptive immunity is recently under investigation. In this study we explored the potential association of genetic variances in vitamin D pathway and infections in infancy. Τhis prospective case-control study included infants 0-24 months with infection and age-matched controls. The single nucleotide polymorphisms of vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene (BsmI, FokI, ApaI, TaqI), vitamin D binding protein (VDBP) (Gc gene, rs7041, rs4588) and CYP27B1 (rs10877012) were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. In total 132 infants were enrolled, of whom 40 with bacterial and 52 with viral infection, and 40 healthy controls. As compared to controls, ΤaqI was more frequent in infants with viral infection compared to controls (p = 0.03, OR 1.96, 95% CI 1.1-3.58). Moreover, Gc1F was more frequent in the control group compared to infants with viral infection (p = 0.007, OR 2.7, 95% CI 1.3-5.6). No significant differences were found regarding the genetic profile for VDR and VDBP in infants with bacterial infection compared to the controls and also regarding CYP27B1 (rs10877012) between the studied groups. Genotypic differences suggest that vitamin D pathway might be associated with the host immune response against viral infections in infancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Zacharioudaki
- Department of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
- Laboratory of Child Health, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Ippokratis Messaritakis
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Emmanouil Galanakis
- Department of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece.
- Laboratory of Child Health, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece.
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10
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Brief Report: CYP27B1 rs10877012 T Allele Was Linked to Non-AIDS Progression in ART-Naïve HIV-Infected Patients: A Retrospective Study. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2021; 85:659-664. [PMID: 32932410 DOI: 10.1097/qai.0000000000002485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND HIV/AIDS progression is linked to vitamin D, which is regulated by several key cytochromes P450 (CYP). Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in CYP genes influence vitamin D metabolism and serum levels. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between CYP SNPs and the clinical AIDS progression in antiretroviral treatment (ART)-naïve HIV-infected patients. METHODS We performed a retrospective study in 661 ART-naïve HIV-infected patients who were stratified by their AIDS progression pattern [181 long-term nonprogressors (LTNPs), 332 moderate progressors, and 148 rapid progressors (RPs)]. Four CYP SNPs (CYP2R1 rs10500804, CYP2R1 rs1993116, CYP27B1 rs10877012, and CYP24A1 rs6013897) were genotyped using Agena Bioscience's MassARRAY platform. Correction for multiple testing was performed using the false discovery rate (Benjamini-Hochberg procedure). RESULTS The adjusted regression showed a significant association only for CYP27B1 rs10877012 SNP. When analyzing all HIV patients, the rs10877012 T allele was protective against AIDS progression (ordinal outcome) under the dominant [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 0.69; P = 0.021) and additive (aOR) = 0.75; P = 0.025] inheritance models. When analyzing LTNPs versus RPs, the rs10877012 T allele also showed a significant protective association under the dominant (aOR = 0.45; P = 0.004) and additive (aOR = 0.54; P = 0.008) inheritance models. P values remained significant after correcting by multiple comparisons only for the comparison of LTNPs versus RPs (extreme phenotypes). CONCLUSIONS The CYP27B1 rs10877012 T allele was linked to non-AIDS progression in ART-naïve HIV-infected patients. The rs10877012 SNP seems to have an impact on the clinical AIDS progression, possibly modifying vitamin D levels, which could be relevant for the pathogenesis of HIV infection.
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Chen HW, Chiu YL, Hsieh TY, Chen PJ, Huang TY, Lin HH, Shih YL, Lin JC. Relationships Between Vitamin D Status and Cytokine: Results from Interferon-Based Therapy in Non-Cirrhotic, Treatment-Naïve Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Infection. J Inflamm Res 2021; 13:1207-1218. [PMID: 33402842 PMCID: PMC7778440 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s283768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vitamin D contributes to bone health and extra-skeletal effects. The mechanisms underlying vitamin D metabolism have not been extensively evaluated. The relationships between vitamin D and inflammatory cytokines are debated. Our objective was to investigate whether supplemental interferons are associated with longitudinal change of vitamin D status in humans. Methods A total of 48 patients with 24 or 48 weeks of pegylated interferon-α plus ribavirin therapy were examined for serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) level before treatment, at the end of treatment, and 24 weeks after treatment. In addition, we analyzed publicly available RNA sequencing data from accession GSE42697 and GSE7123 in the Gene Expression Omnibus. Findings The overall sustained virologic response (SVR) rate was 62.5%. There was no statistically significant association between baseline 25(OH)D concentrations and liver fibrosis. In patients with SVR, serum 25(OH)D increased markedly at end-of-treatment and decreased markedly by the end of the 24-week follow-up period. In the non-SVR group, this treatment-dependent change was lost. In gene expression analysis, the vitamin D biosynthesis process was activated in subjects with SVR, but not in patients without SVR. Furthermore, vitamin D receptor (VDR) signaling in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was triggered in marked responders but not in poor responders. Conclusion In the aggregate, these data suggest that interferons have a regulatory influence on vitamin D status that can contribute to VDR signaling in PBMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsuan-Wei Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Lin Chiu
- Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Yuan Hsieh
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Peng-Jen Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tien-Yu Huang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Hwai Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lueng Shih
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Chun Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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Ruiz-Ballesteros AI, Meza-Meza MR, Vizmanos-Lamotte B, Parra-Rojas I, de la Cruz-Mosso U. Association of Vitamin D Metabolism Gene Polymorphisms with Autoimmunity: Evidence in Population Genetic Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249626. [PMID: 33348854 PMCID: PMC7766382 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A high prevalence of vitamin D (calcidiol) serum deficiency has been described in several autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS), rheumatoid arthritis (AR), and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Vitamin D is a potent immunonutrient that through its main metabolite calcitriol, regulates the immunomodulation of macrophages, dendritic cells, T and B lymphocytes, which express the vitamin D receptor (VDR), and they produce and respond to calcitriol. Genetic association studies have shown that up to 65% of vitamin D serum variance may be explained due to genetic background. The 90% of genetic variability takes place in the form of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and SNPs in genes related to vitamin D metabolism have been linked to influence the calcidiol serum levels, such as in the vitamin D binding protein (VDBP; rs2282679 GC), 25-hydroxylase (rs10751657 CYP2R1), 1α-hydroxylase (rs10877012, CYP27B1) and the vitamin D receptor (FokI (rs2228570), BsmI (rs1544410), ApaI (rs7975232), and TaqI (rs731236) VDR). Therefore, the aim of this comprehensive literature review was to discuss the current findings of functional SNPs in GC, CYP2R1, CYP27B1, and VDR associated to genetic risk, and the most common clinical features of MS, RA, and SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adolfo I. Ruiz-Ballesteros
- Grupo de Inmunonutrición y Genómica Nutricional en las Enfermedades Autoinmunes, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara Jalisco 44160, Mexico; (A.I.R.-B.); (M.R.M.-M.)
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara Jalisco 44340, Mexico
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias de la Nutrición Traslacional, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara Jalisco 44340, Mexico;
| | - Mónica R. Meza-Meza
- Grupo de Inmunonutrición y Genómica Nutricional en las Enfermedades Autoinmunes, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara Jalisco 44160, Mexico; (A.I.R.-B.); (M.R.M.-M.)
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara Jalisco 44340, Mexico
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas Inmunología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara Jalisco 44340, Mexico
| | - Barbara Vizmanos-Lamotte
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias de la Nutrición Traslacional, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara Jalisco 44340, Mexico;
- Instituto de Nutrigenética y Nutrigenómica Traslacional, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara Jalisco 44340, Mexico
| | - Isela Parra-Rojas
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Obesidad y Diabetes, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo de los Bravo Guerrero 39087, Mexico;
| | - Ulises de la Cruz-Mosso
- Grupo de Inmunonutrición y Genómica Nutricional en las Enfermedades Autoinmunes, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara Jalisco 44160, Mexico; (A.I.R.-B.); (M.R.M.-M.)
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara Jalisco 44340, Mexico
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias de la Nutrición Traslacional, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara Jalisco 44340, Mexico;
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas Inmunología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara Jalisco 44340, Mexico
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-1-331-744-15-75
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Ahmed F. A Network-Based Analysis Reveals the Mechanism Underlying Vitamin D in Suppressing Cytokine Storm and Virus in SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Front Immunol 2020; 11:590459. [PMID: 33362771 PMCID: PMC7756074 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.590459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background SARS-CoV-2 causes ongoing pandemic coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19), infects the cells of the lower respiratory tract that leads to a cytokine storm in a significant number of patients resulting in severe pneumonia, shortness of breathing, respiratory and organ failure. Extensive studies suggested the role of Vitamin D in suppressing cytokine storm in COVID-19 and reducing viral infection; however, the precise molecular mechanism is not clearly known. In this work, bioinformatics and systems biology approaches were used to understand SARS-CoV-2 induced cytokine pathways and the potential mechanism of Vitamin D in suppressing cytokine storm and enhancing antiviral response. Results This study used transcriptome data and identified 108 differentially expressed host genes (DEHGs) in SARS-CoV-2 infected normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells compared to control. Then, the DEHGs was integrated with the human protein-protein interaction data to generate a SARS-CoV-2 induced host gene regulatory network (SiHgrn). Analysis of SiHgrn identified a sub-network "Cluster 1" with the highest MCODE score, 31 up-regulated genes, and predominantly associated immune and inflammatory response. Interestingly, the iRegulone tool identified that "Cluster 1" is under the regulation of transcription factors STAT1, STAT2, STAT3, POU2F2, and NFkB1, collectively referred to as "host response signature network". Functional enrichment analysis with NDEx revealed that the "host response signature network" is predominantly associated with critical pathways, including "cytokines and inflammatory response", "non-genomic action of Vitamin D", "the human immune response to tuberculosis", and "lung fibrosis". Finally, in-depth analysis and literature mining revealed that Vitamin D binds with its receptor and could work through two different pathways: (i) it inhibits the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines through blocking the TNF induced NFkB1 signaling pathway; and (ii) it initiates the expression of interferon-stimulating genes (ISGs) for antiviral defense program through activating the IFN-α induced Jak-STAT signaling pathway. Conclusion This comprehensive study identified the pathways associated with cytokine storm in SARS-CoV-2 infection. The proposed underlying mechanism of Vitamin D could be promising in suppressing the cytokine storm and inducing a robust antiviral response in severe COVID-19 patients. The finding in this study urgently needs further experimental validations for the suitability of Vitamin D in combination with IFN-α to control severe COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firoz Ahmed
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,University of Jeddah Center for Scientific and Medical Research, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Gad AI, Elmedames MR, Abdelhai AR, Marei AM. The association between vitamin D status and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in adults: a hospital-based study. EGYPTIAN LIVER JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s43066-020-00033-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The association between vitamin D levels and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been increasingly determined in recent researches. The aim of this study was to determine the association between vitamin D levels, measured as serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) and NAFLD. Serum 25(OH)D was prospectively determined in 80 patients. Of them, 40 subjects had NAFLD, whereas 40 subjects served as healthy control. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as serum 25(OH)D level < 20 ng/ml. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and regression analysis methods were used in our analysis.
Results
About 70% of patients with NAFLD had vitamin D deficiency, but only 35% in the control group had. The mean serum 25 (OH)D was significantly lower in patients with NAFLD than the healthy control group (16.13 ± 10.23 versus 27.35 ± 10.58 ng/mL; P < 0.001). ROC curve analysis revealed that serum 25(OH)D level of less than 11.2 ng/ml increases the risk of NAFLD with 45% sensitivity and 97.5% specificity (Serum 25(OH)D level ≤ 18.1 ng/ml in males and ≤ 9.4 ng/ml in females increase the risk of NAFLD). Multivariate regression analysis showed that vitamin D deficiency, high age, and high BMI were associated with a significant high risk of NAFLD.
Conclusion
NAFLD patients have low serum vitamin D concentrations, suggesting that vitamin D may have a role in the development of NAFLD. Future studies are recommended to determine the important therapeutic implications of vitamin D for the prophylaxis or the treatment of NAFLD.
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Sriphoosanaphan S, Thanapirom K, Suksawatamnuay S, Thaimai P, Sittisomwong S, Sonsiri K, Srisoonthorn N, Teeratorn N, Tanpowpong N, Chaopathomkul B, Treeprasertsuk S, Poovorawan Y, Komolmit P. Changes in hepatic fibrosis and vitamin D levels after viral hepatitis C eradication using direct-acting antiviral therapy. BMC Gastroenterol 2020; 20:346. [PMID: 33069226 PMCID: PMC7568415 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-020-01485-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vitamin D (VD) is important in hepatic fibrogenesis in animal models and human studies. VD deficiency is associated with liver fibrosis progression. Metabolic dysfunction of the liver, as an intermediate organ for VD metabolism, contributes partly to this deficiency. We hypothesized that improving hepatic fibrosis and inflammation in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients after eradication with direct-acting antivirals (DAA) would increase 25-hydroxyVD [25(OH)VD] levels. Methods Eighty CHC patients (17 chronic hepatitis, and 63 cirrhosis) were enrolled. Baseline characteristics, hepatitis C viral load (VL), genotypes, liver enzymes and liver stiffness measurements (LSM) were assessed at baseline. Blood samples for 25(OH)VD and the procollagen type III N-terminal peptide (P3NP) were collected at baseline, 24 and 48 weeks. LSMs were re-evaluated at 48 weeks. Serum 25(OH)VD levels < 30 ng/mL were defined as VD insufficiency/deficiency. Paired t-tests were used for statistical analyses.
Results Among 80 patients, the mean age was 57.7 ± 10.5 years, and 52.5% were men. The mean VL was 6.1 ± 0.7 logIU/mL with genotype 1 predominance (55%). All patients achieved sustained virological response. The alanine aminotransferase levels decreased from 79.9 ± 53.3 U/L at baseline to 25.7 ± 17.2 and 22.3 ± 11.0 U/L at 24 and 48 weeks, respectively (p < 0.001). The mean LSM decreased from 19.2 ± 15.3 to 11.7 ± 8.0 kPa at 48 weeks (p < 0.001). The P3NP levels decreased from 43.6 ± 22.0 ng/mL before treatment to 35.7 ± 21.1 and 29.4 ± 15.0 ng/mL at 24 and 48 weeks, respectively (p < 0.001). The proportions of VD insufficiency/deficiency were 72.5%, 91.3%, and 86.5% at baseline, 24 and 48 weeks, respectively. The 25(OH)VD levels decreased from 26.3 ± 10.7 ng/mL at baseline to 20.8 ± 8.1 and 20.8 ± 8.5 ng/mL at 24 and 48 weeks, respectively (p < 0.001). Conclusions Curative treatment with DAA attenuated the liver stiffness and inflammation but did not improve VD levels. Over 80% of patients remained VD insufficient/deficient. Whether VD replacement during and after DAA therapy can improve hepatic fibrosis remains unclear.
Trial registration The Thai Clinical Trial Registry as TCTR20161025001 (31 October 2016). http://www.clinicaltrials.in.th/index.php?tp=regtrials&menu=trialsearch&smenu=fulltext&task=search&task2=view1&id=2136.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supachaya Sriphoosanaphan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Liver Diseases, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kessarin Thanapirom
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Liver Diseases, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross, Bangkok, Thailand.,Liver Fibrosis and Cirrhosis Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sirinporn Suksawatamnuay
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Liver Diseases, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross, Bangkok, Thailand.,Liver Fibrosis and Cirrhosis Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Panarat Thaimai
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sukanya Sittisomwong
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kanokwan Sonsiri
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nunthiya Srisoonthorn
- Center of Excellence in Liver Diseases, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nicha Teeratorn
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nattaporn Tanpowpong
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Bundit Chaopathomkul
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sombat Treeprasertsuk
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yong Poovorawan
- Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Piyawat Komolmit
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. .,Center of Excellence in Liver Diseases, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross, Bangkok, Thailand. .,Liver Fibrosis and Cirrhosis Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Jeong JY, Jun DW, Park SJ, Sohn JH, Kim SG, Lee SW, Jeong SW, Kim MY, Kim W, Shim JJ, Kim HS, Suk KT, Ahn SB. Effects of vitamin D supplements in patients with chronic hepatitis C: a randomized, multi-center, open label study. Korean J Intern Med 2020; 35:1074-1083. [PMID: 31710801 PMCID: PMC7487303 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2018.273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS We aimed to assess the role of vitamin D supplementation in the response to pegylated interferon-α (PEG-IFN-α) plus ribavirin (RBV) treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC). METHODS Our study was a multi-center, randomized controlled trial in 11 hospitals. CHC patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to two groups namely, PEGIFN-α plus RBV (control group) or PEG-IFN-α plus RBV + vitamin D (800 IU daily) (vitamin D group). The primary end-point was the rate of sustained virologic response (SVR). RESULTS One hundred forty eight CHC patients were randomly assigned to two groups. Seventy-one patients received the PEG-IFN-α plus RBV and 77 patients received the PEG-IFN-α plus RBV + vitamin D. A total of 105 patients completed the study (control group, 47 vs. vitamin D group, 58). Baseline characteristics were mostly similar in both the groups. There was a modest but non-significant increase in SVR in the vitamin D group compared to the control group with the intention to treat analysis (64.0% vs. 49.3 %, p = 0.071) as well as in the per protocol analysis (control group vs. vitamin D group: 74.5% vs. 84.5%, p = 0.202). Fifty-two patients (73.2%) in the control group and 63 patients (81.8%) in the vitamin D group experienced at least one adverse event. The drop-out rate due to adverse effects was not different between both groups (control group vs. vitamin D group: 19.7% vs. 10.4%, p = 0.111). CONCLUSION Vitamin D supplement did not increase SVR in treatment naïve patients with CHC irrespective of genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Yoon Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri, Korea
| | - Dae Won Jun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Correspondence to Dae Won Jun, M.D. Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, 222-1 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea. Tel: +82-2-2290-8338, Fax: +82-2-972-0068, E-mail:
| | - Sol Ji Park
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joo Hyun Sohn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri, Korea
| | - Sang Gyune Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Se Whan Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Soung Won Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Moon Young Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Wonju, Korea
| | - Won Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Jun Shim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyoung Su Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki Tae Suk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Sang Bong Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Waldenström J, Nyström K, Nilsson S, Norkrans G, Ydreborg M, Langeland N, Mørch K, Westin J, Lagging M. The relation of 25-hydroxy vitamin D concentrations to liver histopathology, seasonality and baseline characteristics in chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 2 or 3 infection. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237840. [PMID: 32822420 PMCID: PMC7442235 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives The hydroxylation to 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) occurs in the liver and the impact of liver disease on vitamin D is unclear. This study evaluated the relationship between vitamin D concentrations and hepatic histopathology, seasonality and patient characteristics in well-characterized patients having undergone a liver biopsy. Method 25(OH)D was measured post-hoc in pre-treatment serum from 331 North European patients with chronic HCV genotype 2 or 3 infection (NORDynamIC study). Liver biopsies were scored for fibrosis and inflammation according to the Ishak protocol, and graded for steatosis. Non-invasive markers of hepatic fibrosis as well as baseline viral and host characteristics, including genetic polymorphisms rs2228570, rs7975232, and rs10877012 were also evaluated. Results Mean 25(OH)D concentration was 59 ±23 nmol/L, with 41% having values <50 nmol/L and 6% were <30 nmol/L. 25(OH)D correlated with fibrosis (r = -0.10, p ≤0.05) in univariate but not in multivariate analyses. No association was observed between 25(OH)D and hepatic inflammation, but with steatosis in HCV genotype 2 infected patients. None of the genetic polymorphisms impacted on 25(OH)D levels or fibrosis. 25(OH)D levels were significantly inversely correlated to BMI (r = -0.19, p = 0.001), and was also associated with season and non-Caucasian ethnicity. Conclusion Fibrosis was not independently associated with 25(OH)D concentration and no association was seen with hepatic inflammation, but HCV genotype 2 infected patients with moderate-to-severe steatosis had lower 25(OH)D levels compared to those without steatosis. A high percentage had potential risk of 25(OH)D deficiency, and BMI, seasonality and ethnicity were independently associated with 25(OH)D as previously reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesper Waldenström
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Gothenburg, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Kristina Nyström
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Staffan Nilsson
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Norkrans
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Magdalena Ydreborg
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Nina Langeland
- Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Kristine Mørch
- Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Johan Westin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Martin Lagging
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Udomsinprasert W, Jittikoon J, Sukkho S, Pojarassangkul N, Sangroongruangsri S, Chaikledkaew U. Decreased circulating vitamin D reflects adverse outcomes of hepatitis C virus infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Infect 2020; 81:585-599. [PMID: 32553842 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to clarify associations of circulating vitamin D and its status with severity of HCV infection. METHODS We performed systemic literature search in PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane library databases from inception until the end of December 2019 with terms related to vitamin D and hepatitis C. RESULTS A total of 28 studies consisting of 7736 HCV-infected patients and 14061 control subjects without liver diseases were included. Compared to controls, circulating vitamin D levels were significantly lessened in HCV-infected patients (mean difference, MD=-14.15, 95% CI: -20.51 to -7.80). Remarkably decreased circulating vitamin D was found in the patients with severe fibrosis (MD=-3.38, 95% CI: -4.51 to -2.25), non-achieving SVR (MD=-2.99, 95%CI: -5.55 to -0.42), and advanced inflammation (MD=-4.68, 95% CI: -8.50 to -0.86). Low vitamin D status (<20 ng/mL) was significantly associated with increased odds of HCV infection (pooled OR=2.41, 95% CI: 1.48 to 3.95). Besides, HCV-infected patients with low vitamin D status showed significantly escalated odds of severe fibrosis and non-achieving SVR (pooled OR=1.70, 95% CI: 1.27 to 2.26; pooled OR=2.04, 95% CI: 1.62 to 2.57, respectively). CONCLUSION HCV-infected patients with declined circulating vitamin D levels were associated with severe fibrosis, non-achieving SVR, and advanced inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanvisa Udomsinprasert
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, 447 Sri-Ayudhaya Road, Rajathevi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
| | - Jiraphun Jittikoon
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, 447 Sri-Ayudhaya Road, Rajathevi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
| | - Sorraya Sukkho
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, 447 Sri-Ayudhaya Road, Rajathevi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
| | - Nicha Pojarassangkul
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, 447 Sri-Ayudhaya Road, Rajathevi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
| | - Sermsiri Sangroongruangsri
- Social and Administrative Pharmacy Division, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
| | - Usa Chaikledkaew
- Social and Administrative Pharmacy Division, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; Mahidol University Health Technology Assessment (MUHTA) Graduate Program, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
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Frías M, Rivero-Juárez A, Machuca I, Camacho Á, Rivero A. The outlook for precision medicine for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C infection: challenges and opportunities. EXPERT REVIEW OF PRECISION MEDICINE AND DRUG DEVELOPMENT 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/23808993.2020.1764346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Frías
- Clinical Virology and Zoonoses, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía de Córdoba. Instituto Maimonides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Universidad de Córdoba, Spain
| | - Antonio Rivero-Juárez
- Clinical Virology and Zoonoses, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía de Córdoba. Instituto Maimonides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Universidad de Córdoba, Spain
| | - Isabel Machuca
- Clinical Virology and Zoonoses, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía de Córdoba. Instituto Maimonides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Universidad de Córdoba, Spain
| | - Ángela Camacho
- Clinical Virology and Zoonoses, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía de Córdoba. Instituto Maimonides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Universidad de Córdoba, Spain
| | - Antonio Rivero
- Clinical Virology and Zoonoses, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía de Córdoba. Instituto Maimonides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Universidad de Córdoba, Spain
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20
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Martinelli RP, Rodriguez JM, Daurelio LD, Esteban L. In silico identification of novel transcription factors associated with CYP27B1 transcriptional regulation in LPS-challenged mononuclear phagocytes. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2020; 199:105590. [PMID: 32001361 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2020.105590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Renal and extrarenal production of the active form of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D), is catalyzed by CYP27B1, an enzyme also called 1-α-hydroxylase. The overproduction of 1,25(OH)2D has been described in granulomatous diseases. High circulating concentrations of 1,25(OH)2D can lead to hypercalcemia. The aim of this work was to characterize the transcriptional regulation of CYP27B1 in human mononuclear phagocytes exposed to LPS due to its relevance to understanding the hypercalcemia and ectopic calcifications associated with chronic inflammatory diseases such as tuberculosis and other granulomatous diseases. The human CYP27B1 promoter analysis identified binding sites for published TF, SNPs, novel putative TFBS and conserved sites compared to mice. Then, using microarray data, a meta-analysis was performed to obtain a global view of the gene expression in LPS-challenged dendritic cells, monocytes and macrophages. Finally, two experiments, GSE40885 and time series GSE19765, were analyzed in-depth using differential expression analysis which permitted the identification of TF co-expressed with CYP27B1. This work allowed us to formulate a CYP27B1 transcriptional regulation model for LPS-challenged monocytes/macrophages. The importance of two TF families, NFKB and CEBPB, was confirmed. Data also suggests that PLAGL2 and STAT4 which are novel TF could participate in the CYP27B1 transcriptional regulation in cells exposed to LPS. These TF, in turn, would be interacting with regions that present polymorphisms in the general population which might explain the pathological phenotypes associated with altered vitamin D metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina P Martinelli
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Cátedra de Genética Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina.
| | - Julia M Rodriguez
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Lucas D Daurelio
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Fisiología y Biología Molecular Vegetal (LIFiBVe), Cátedra de Fisiología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina.
| | - Luis Esteban
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina.
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21
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Lee C. Controversial Effects of Vitamin D and Related Genes on Viral Infections, Pathogenesis, and Treatment Outcomes. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12040962. [PMID: 32235600 PMCID: PMC7230640 DOI: 10.3390/nu12040962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D (VD) plays an essential role in mineral homeostasis and bone remodeling. A number of different VD-related genes (VDRG) are required for the metabolic activation of VD and the subsequent induction of its target genes. They include a set of genes that encode for VD-binding protein, metabolic enzymes, and the VD receptor. In addition to its well-characterized skeletal function, the immunoregulatory activities of VD and the related polymorphisms of VDRG have been reported and linked to its therapeutic and preventive actions for the control of several viral diseases. However, in regards to their roles in the progression of viral diseases, inconsistent and, in some cases, contradictory results also exist. To resolve this discrepancy, I conducted an extensive literature search by using relevant keywords on the PubMed website. Based on the volume of hit papers related to a certain viral infection, I summarized and compared the effects of VD and VDRG polymorphism on the infection, pathogenesis, and treatment outcomes of clinically important viral diseases. They include viral hepatitis, respiratory viral infections, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), and other viral diseases, which are caused by herpesviruses, dengue virus, rotavirus, and human papillomavirus. This review will provide the most current information on the nutritional and clinical utilization of VD and VDRG in the management of the key viral diseases. This information should be valuable not only to nutritionists but also to clinicians who wish to provide evidence-based recommendations on the use of VD to virally infected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choongho Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Korea
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22
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Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 1-Alpha-Hydroxylase ( CYP27B1) Gene: The Risk of Malignant Tumors and Other Chronic Diseases. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12030801. [PMID: 32197412 PMCID: PMC7146376 DOI: 10.3390/nu12030801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
: Vitamin D is widely known for its roles in the promotion of apoptosis and differentiation, with simultaneous inhibition of proliferation, inflammation, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. Modern literature lacks complete information on polymorphisms in CYP27B1, the only enzyme capable of vitamin D activation. This review presents gathered data that relate to genetic variants in CYP27B1 gene in correlation to multiple diseases, mostly concerning colorectal, prostate, breast, lung, and pancreatic cancers, as well as on other pathologies, such as non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, oral lichen planus, or multiple sclerosis.
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23
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The association of vitamin D with hepatitis B virus replication: Bystander rather than offender. J Formos Med Assoc 2020; 119:1634-1641. [PMID: 31932201 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2019.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Low vitamin D is frequent in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected patients and several studies show an inverse association of serum vitamin D level with HBV viral load. However, the causal relationship remains unclear. METHODS HBV carriers receiving regular 6-month surveillance without current antiviral treatment or cirrhosis were invited to participate into this trial. The markers of HBV replication included serum HBV DNA and quantitative HBsAg (qHBsAg) levels. Those with undetectable HBV DNA or sufficient vitamin D levels, cancer or electrolyte imbalance were excluded. The eligible subjects were randomized to receive either vitamin D supplement 2000 IU per day for 2 months (vitamin D group) or none (control group). RESULTS A total of 196 HBV carriers (93 males and 103 females; mean age 51.9 ± 10.0 years) were screened. Of them, 28 patients had undetectable serum HBV DNA levels, which is defined as spontaneous viral clearance. The vitamin D levels were not different between patients with detectable HBV DNA and those without (p = 0.18). After exclusion, 149 patients were randomized to two groups: 75 in vitamin D group and 74 in control group. After 2 months vitamin D supplement, the serum vitamin D levels were significantly higher in the vitamin D group than the control group (p < 0.001). However, the serum qHBsAg and HBV DNA levels were comparable between these two groups. CONCLUSION There is no causal relationship between vitamin D and HBV replication. The role of liver reserve on serum vitamin D levels in patients with chronic HBV infection needs further investigation.
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Stjepanovic MI, Mihailovic-Vucinic V, Spasovski V, Milin-Lazovic J, Skodric-Trifunovic V, Stankovic S, Andjelkovic M, Komazec J, Momcilovic A, Santric-Milicevic M, Pavlovic S. Genes and metabolic pathway of sarcoidosis: identification of key players and risk modifiers. Arch Med Sci 2019; 15:1138-1146. [PMID: 31572458 PMCID: PMC6764301 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2018.79682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sarcoidosis is a rare multisystem granulomatous disease with unknown etiology. The interplay of vitamin D deficiency and genetic polymorphisms in genes coding for the proteins relevant for metabolism of vitamin D is an important, but unexplored area. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in CYP2R1 (rs10741657), CYP27B1 (rs10877012), DBP (rs7041; rs4588), and VDR (rs2228570) genes and sarcoidosis, as well as the association between these SNPs and 25(OH)D levels in sarcoidosis patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS For that purpose we genotyped 86 sarcoidosis patients and 50 healthy controls using the PCR-RFLP method. RESULTS Subjects carrying the CC genotype of CYP27B1 rs10877012 have 10 times lower odds of suffering from sarcoidosis. Moreover, DBP rs4588 AA genotype was shown to be a susceptibility factor, where carriers of this genotype had eight times higher odds for developing sarcoidosis. In addition, the A allele of the DBP gene (rs4588) was associated with lower levels of 25(OH)D in sarcoidosis patients. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that patients with vitamin D deficiency should be regularly tested for genetic modifiers that are related to sarcoidosis in order to prevent development of serious forms of sarcoidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihailo I. Stjepanovic
- Clinic of Pulmonology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
- Medical Faculty, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Violeta Mihailovic-Vucinic
- Clinic of Pulmonology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
- Medical Faculty, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vesna Spasovski
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Vesna Skodric-Trifunovic
- Clinic of Pulmonology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
- Medical Faculty, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sanja Stankovic
- Center for Medical Biochemistry, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marina Andjelkovic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jovana Komazec
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ana Momcilovic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milena Santric-Milicevic
- Medical Faculty, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- Institute of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sonja Pavlovic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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25
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Yousif MM, Sadek AMEM, Farrag HA, Selim FO, Hamed EF, Salama RI. Associated vitamin D deficiency is a risk factor for the complication of HCV-related liver cirrhosis including hepatic encephalopathy and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Intern Emerg Med 2019; 14:753-761. [PMID: 30706253 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-019-02042-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The influence of vitamin D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), deficiency on hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related cirrhosis had been poorly elucidated especially in patients with hepatic encephalopathy (HE) and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP). We aimed to investigate the association between vitamin D deficiency and the risk of SBP or HE, including the mortality rate. Serum 25(OH)D levels were prospectively determined in 135 patients. Of them, 45 patients had complications with HE and 45 patients had complications with SBP; 45 cirrhotic patients without complication served as the control group. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as 25(OH)D levels < 20 ng/ml. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and Kaplan-Meier method with log-rank test were used in our statistical analysis. Predictors of survival were determined using Cox regression analysis. Serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in the HE and SBP groups than in the control group (6.81 ± 2.75, 7.15 ± 2.10, 16.28 ± 6.60, respectively). Moreover, serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly lower in the high HE grade than in the low grade (P < 0.001). Regarding the SBP group, classic SBP was associated with lower 25(OH)D levels compared to other types (P < 0.001). ROC curve revealed that lower 25(OH)D levels less than 7.1 ng/ml and 6.6 ng/ml could predict the mortality in SBP and HE patients, respectively, with high sensitivity and specificity. Serum 25(OH)D levels < 5 ng/ml were associated with significant higher mortality rate (HR = 2.76, P = 0.001). Lower 25(OH)D levels were associated with HE and SBP in cirrhotic patients. In addition, it may be considered a prognostic parameter for the severity of liver cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monkez Moteih Yousif
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University Hospitals, Zagazig, Sharkia, 44519, Egypt
| | | | - Hesham Ahmad Farrag
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University Hospitals, Zagazig, Sharkia, 44519, Egypt
| | - Fayrouz Othman Selim
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University Hospitals, Zagazig, Sharkia, 44519, Egypt
| | - Emad Fawzi Hamed
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University Hospitals, Zagazig, Sharkia, 44519, Egypt
| | - Rasha Ibrahim Salama
- Tropical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University Hospitals, Zagazig, Egypt
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Limothai U, Chuaypen N, Khlaiphuengsin A, Chittmittraprap S, Poovorawan Y, Tangkijvanich P. Association of vitamin-D-related genetic variations and treatment response to pegylated interferon in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Antivir Ther 2019; 22:681-688. [PMID: 28291736 DOI: 10.3851/imp3154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D, a potent immune-modulator, has been linked to the pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis B (CHB). This study was aimed at investigating the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in vitamin-D-related genes and treatment response to pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN) in patients with CHB. METHODS A total of 275 Thai patients (122 hepatitis B e antigen [HBeAg]-positive and 153 HBeAg-negative CHB) treated with 48-week PEG-IFN were recruited. Virological response (VR) at 48 weeks post-treatment was defined as HBeAg seroconversion plus HBV DNA <2,000 IU/ml for HBeAg-positive CHB and HBV DNA <2,000 IU/ml for HBeAg-negative CHB. The SNPs VDR (rs2228570), DBP (rs7041) and CYP27B1 (rs4646536) were analysed. RESULTS The distribution of TT, CT and CC genotypes of rs4646536 in this cohort was 21.8%, 46.2% and 32.0%, respectively. There was no difference in its distribution according to HBeAg status. In HBeAg-positive CHB, patients with TT genotype, compared with non-TT genotype, achieved higher VR (53.3% versus 31.5%; P=0.032) and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) clearance (20.0% versus 5.4%; P=0.016). In HBeAg-negative CHB, the corresponding figures were 60.0% versus 30.9% (P=0.003) and 16.7% versus 5.7% (P=0.045), respectively. Patients with TT genotype had more rapid HBsAg decline than those with non-TT genotype. However, SNPs rs2228570 and rs7041were not associated with VR and HBsAg clearance. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that SNP rs4646536 and baseline HBsAg level were independent predictors of VR in both HBeAg-positive and HBeAg-negative CHB. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that SNP rs4646536 in the CYP27B1 gene is a predictive factor of response to PEG-IFN therapy in Thai patients with CHB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umaporn Limothai
- Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Department of Pediatrics, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Natthaya Chuaypen
- Research Unit of Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Apichaya Khlaiphuengsin
- Research Unit of Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Salyavit Chittmittraprap
- Research Unit of Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yong Poovorawan
- Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Department of Pediatrics, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pisit Tangkijvanich
- Research Unit of Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Arai T, Atsukawa M, Tsubota A, Koeda M, Yoshida Y, Okubo T, Nakagawa A, Itokawa N, Kondo C, Nakatsuka K, Masu T, Kato K, Shimada N, Hatori T, Emoto N, Kage M, Iwakiri K. Association of vitamin D levels and vitamin D-related gene polymorphisms with liver fibrosis in patients with biopsy-proven nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Dig Liver Dis 2019; 51:1036-1042. [PMID: 30683615 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2018.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D has promising anti-proliferative and anti-fibrotic properties, but its clinical utility in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is unclear. AIMS This study aimed to clarify the association between vitamin D levels, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in vitamin D-related genes, and the histopathological severity of disease in patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD. METHODS SNPs in CYP2R1, DHCR7, vitamin D binding protein (GC), CYP27B1, and vitamin D receptor (VDR) were determined for 229 consecutive patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD. RESULTS In this study, vitamin D deficiency defined as 25-hydroxyvitamin-D3 levels of ≤20 ng/mL was found in 151 patients (65.9%). Multivariate analysis revealed that cold season, advanced fibrosis, and CYP2R1 rs1993116 genotype non-AA were independent factors significantly associated with vitamin D deficiency. Old age (p = 5.05 × 10-8), high body mass index (p = 2.13 × 10-2), low total-cholesterol (p = 1.46 × 10-4), low serum vitamin D level (p = 7.34 × 10-3), and VDR rs1544410 genotype CC (p = 9.15 × 10-3) were independent factors associated with advanced liver fibrosis. CONCLUSION Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin-D3 levels and the VDR gene SNP were significantly and independently associated with the severity of liver fibrosis in patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taeang Arai
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, Inzai, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masanori Atsukawa
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Akihito Tsubota
- Core Research Facilities for Basic Science, Research Center for Medical Sciences, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mai Koeda
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, Inzai, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yuji Yoshida
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, Inzai, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tomomi Okubo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, Inzai, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ai Nakagawa
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norio Itokawa
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, Inzai, Chiba, Japan
| | - Chisa Kondo
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsuhisa Nakatsuka
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takushi Masu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keizo Kato
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shinmatsudo Central General Hospital, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Noritomo Shimada
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Otakanomori Hospital, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Hatori
- Division of Pathology, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, Inzai, Chiba, Japan
| | - Naoya Emoto
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, Inzai, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Kage
- Molecular Targeting Therapeutics Division, Research Center for Innovative Cancer Therapy, Kurume University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Iwakiri
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
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Fan HZ, Zhang R, Tian T, Zhong YL, Wu MP, Xie CN, Yang JJ, Huang P, Yu RB, Zhang Y, Wang J. CYP24A1 genetic variants in the vitamin D metabolic pathway are involved in the outcomes of hepatitis C virus infection among high-risk Chinese population. Int J Infect Dis 2019; 84:80-88. [PMID: 31075507 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2019.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS It has been demonstrated that 1,25-hydroxyvitamin-D3-24-hydroxylase, encoded by CYP24A1 gene, is a key enzyme that neutralizes the active vitamin D3 metabolite 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] in response to hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. This study aimed to investigate whether CYP24A1 genetic variation is associated with HCV infection outcomes. METHODS 848 HCV chronically infected subjects, 507 natural clearance subjects, and 1017 uninfected controls were enrolled. Nine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in theCYP24A1 gene were genotyped using the Sequenom MassARRAY platform. RESULTS After adjusting for age, gender, and routes of infection, logistic regression analyses showed that rs6013897-A was associated with an elevated risk of HCV infection (P<0.05). In addition, this study has also demonstrated that rs6068816-T significantly reduced the risk of chronic HCV infection, while rs3787557-C, rs6022999-G, and rs2248359-T significantly increased the risk of chronic HCV infection (all P<0.05). Haplotype analysis suggested that, compared to the most frequent Trs6068816Trs3787557Ars6022999Crs2248359 haplotype, the CTGT haplotype (adjusted OR=1.376, 95% CI=1.092-1.735, P=0.007) and CCAC haplotype (adjusted OR=1.483, 95% CI=1.139-1.929, P=0.003) were associated with an increased risk of chronic HCV infection. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that SNPs in CYP24A1 gene may contribute to the risk of HCV infection and chronic HCV infection among a high-risk Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Zhi Fan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ru Zhang
- Department of Fundamental and Community Nursing, School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ting Tian
- Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu-Ling Zhong
- Department of Fundamental and Community Nursing, School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meng-Ping Wu
- Department of Information, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, China
| | - Chao-Nan Xie
- Nanjing Qixia Health Inspection Institute, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing-Jing Yang
- Hohai University Hospital, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rong-Bin Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Fundamental and Community Nursing, School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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Barooah P, Saikia S, Bharadwaj R, Sarmah P, Bhattacharyya M, Goswami B, Medhi S. Role of VDR, GC, and CYP2R1 Polymorphisms in the Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Hepatitis C Virus-Infected Patients. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2019; 23:325-331. [PMID: 30942619 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2018.0170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: This study was designed to determine if vitamin D receptor (VDR), carrier globulin/binding protein (GC), and cytochrome P-450 family 2, subfamily R, polypeptide 1 (CYP2R1) gene polymorphisms are risk factors in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patients from Northeast India. Materials and Methods: A total of 351 HCV-infected patients were enrolled of which 167 were diagnosed with chronic hepatitis C (CHC), 124 with liver cirrhosis (LC), and 60 with HCC together with 102 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. VDR (BsmI, ApaI, and TaqI), GC (rs4588, rs7051), and CYP2R1 (rs10741657) gene polymorphisms were genotyped for all subjects. Statistical data were analyzed using SPSS ver. 22.0. Results: The frequency of the ApaI CC genotype, ApaI C allele, and bAt haplotype of the VDR gene was significantly higher in HCC and LC patients than controls. After adjusting for other covariates (age, gender, platelet count, AST, ALT, serum albumin, and viral load) logistic regression analysis showed that the ApaI CC genotype and bAt haplotype were independent predictors of HCC development. No significant associations was found for the GC and CYP2R1 polymorphisms examined with the occurrence of HCC. Conclusions: The presence of the VDR ApaI CC genotype and bAt haplotype appear to be important indicators in the development of HCC among HCV-infected patients. Larger studies are needed to further clarify and establish this potential causal relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prajjalendra Barooah
- 1 Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Oncology, Department of Bioengineering and Technology, Gauhati University Institute of Science and Technology, Gauhati University, Guwahati, India.,2 Department of Gastroenterology, Gauhati Medical College and Hospital, Guwahati, India
| | - Snigdha Saikia
- 1 Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Oncology, Department of Bioengineering and Technology, Gauhati University Institute of Science and Technology, Gauhati University, Guwahati, India.,2 Department of Gastroenterology, Gauhati Medical College and Hospital, Guwahati, India
| | - Rituraj Bharadwaj
- 1 Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Oncology, Department of Bioengineering and Technology, Gauhati University Institute of Science and Technology, Gauhati University, Guwahati, India
| | - Preeti Sarmah
- 2 Department of Gastroenterology, Gauhati Medical College and Hospital, Guwahati, India
| | - Mallika Bhattacharyya
- 2 Department of Gastroenterology, Gauhati Medical College and Hospital, Guwahati, India
| | - Bhabadev Goswami
- 2 Department of Gastroenterology, Gauhati Medical College and Hospital, Guwahati, India
| | - Subhash Medhi
- 1 Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Oncology, Department of Bioengineering and Technology, Gauhati University Institute of Science and Technology, Gauhati University, Guwahati, India
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Importance of Studying the Levels of Hepcidin and Vitamin D in Egyptian Children with Chronic Hepatitis C. J Transl Int Med 2019; 7:15-21. [PMID: 30997352 PMCID: PMC6463826 DOI: 10.2478/jtim-2019-0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective Hepcidin is the key regulator of iron metabolism and is a significant biomarker for systemic inflammatory states. Vitamin D is a powerful immunomodulator and plays a significant role in the inflammatory responses and fibrosis occurring due to hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. This study assessed the level of vitamin D and serum hepcidin and its expression in peripheral blood of children with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and correlated them with other serum markers to reflect iron metabolism and liver disease severity. Methods A total of 100 children were included in this study: 50 with HCV infection and 50 healthy controls. Biochemical parameters together with vitamin D, hepcidin, and its expression were all measured. Results The level of hepcidin and its expression together with vitamin D and hepcidin-to-ferritin (H/F) ratios were significantly reduced in patients, but the iron and ferritin levels were higher (P<0.001). Serum hepcidin level showed significant positive correlation with hepcidin expression, HCV titer, iron, ferritin, and H/F ratio (r = 0.43, 0.31, 0.34, 0.28, and 0.91, respectively) but significant negative correlation with vitamin D (r = -0.37). Both hepcidin and ferritin were higher in patients with Child Pugh scores B and C than those with score A (P<0.001). Conclusion Measuring serum hepcidin and its expression together with vitamin D levels in patients may have a prognostic value and is promising in the follow-up of the severity of liver disease.
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Pacifico L, Osborn JF, Bonci E, Pierimarchi P, Chiesa C. Association between Vitamin D Levels and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Potential Confounding Variables. Mini Rev Med Chem 2019; 19:310-332. [PMID: 30360708 DOI: 10.2174/1389557518666181025153712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), historically considered to be the hepatic component of the metabolic syndrome, is a spectrum of fat-associated liver conditions, in the absence of secondary causes, that may progress to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, and cirrhosis. Disease progression is closely associated with body weight or fatness, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Recently, vitamin D deficiency has been linked to the pathogenesis and severity of NAFLD because of vitamin D "pleiotropic" functions, with roles in immune modulation, cell differentiation and proliferation, and regulation of inflammation. Indeed, several studies have reported an association between vitamin D and NAFLD/NASH. However, other studies have failed to find an association. Therefore, we sought to critically review the current evidence on the association between vitamin D deficiency and NAFLD/NASH, and to analyze and discuss some key variables that may interfere with this evaluation, such as host-, environment-, and heritability-related factors regulating vitamin D synthesis and metabolism; definitions of deficient or optimal vitamin D status with respect to skeletal and nonskeletal outcomes including NAFLD/NASH; methods of measuring 25(OH)D; and methods of diagnosing NAFLD as well as quantifying adiposity, the cardinal link between vitamin D deficiency and NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Pacifico
- Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena, 324 00161-Rome, Italy
| | - John F Osborn
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena, 324 00161- Rome, Italy
| | - Enea Bonci
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena, 324 00161- Rome, Italy
| | - Pasquale Pierimarchi
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council, Via Fosso del Cavaliere, 100 00133- Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Chiesa
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council, Via Fosso del Cavaliere, 100 00133- Rome, Italy
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The effect of vitamin D pathway genes and deferasirox pharmacogenetics on liver iron in thalassaemia major patients. THE PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL 2019; 19:417-427. [PMID: 30651574 DOI: 10.1038/s41397-019-0071-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring and treating iron overload is crucial in transfusion-dependent thalassaemia patients. Liver stiffness measurement by transient elastography and T2* magnetic resonance imaging represent non-invasive ways to evaluate the adequacy of the iron chelation treatment. We explored the role of single nucleotide polymorphisms involved in vitamin D metabolism, transport and activity, and in deferasirox metabolism on liver iron burden parameters. One-hundred and five beta-thalassaemia patients, treated with deferasirox, have been enrolled. Drug plasma Ctrough and AUC were measured by a HPLC-UV method. Allelic discrimination was performed by real-time PCR. Age, UGT1A1-364 CT/TT and CYP27B1 -1260 GT/TT positively predicted liver stiffness values. Deferasirox dose and serum ferritin negatively predicted T2* data, whereas age and CYP2D6 1457 GG genotype positively influenced these values. The discoveries of this research may be useful for personalized medicine and the proposed method could be applied in patients with hereditary hemochromatosis and myelodysplastic syndromes.
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Teymoori-Rad M, Shokri F, Salimi V, Marashi SM. The interplay between vitamin D and viral infections. Rev Med Virol 2019; 29:e2032. [PMID: 30614127 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The pleiotropic role of vitamin D has been explored over the past decades and there is compelling evidence for an epidemiological association between poor vitamin D status and a variety of diseases. While the potential anti-viral effect of vitamin D has recently been described, the underlying mechanisms by which vitamin D deficiency could contribute to viral disease development remain poorly understood. The possible interactions between viral infections and vitamin D appear to be more complex than previously thought. Recent findings indicate a complex interplay between viral infections and vitamin D, including the induction of anti-viral state, functional immunoregulatory features, interaction with cellular and viral factors, induction of autophagy and apoptosis, and genetic and epigenetic alterations. While crosstalk between vitamin D and intracellular signalling pathways may provide an essential modulatory effect on viral gene transcription, the immunomodulatory effect of vitamin D on viral infections appears to be transient. The interplay between viral infections and vitamin D remains an intriguing concept, and the global imprint that vitamin D can have on the immune signature in the context of viral infections is an area of growing interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Teymoori-Rad
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fazel Shokri
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Salimi
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sayed Mahdi Marashi
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Zendehdel A, Arefi M. Molecular evidence of role of vitamin D deficiency in various extraskeletal diseases. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:8829-8840. [PMID: 30609168 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Role of vitamin D is not only limited to skeletal system but various other systems of the body, such as immune system, endocrine system, and cardiopulmonary system. MATERIALS AND METHODS It is supported by the confirmations of systems-wide expression of vitamin D receptor (VDR), endocrinal effect of calcitriol, and its role in immune responses. RESULTS Expression of VDR in various systems, immunoregulatory and hormonal response of vitamin D and deficiency of vitamin D may establish various pathologies in the body. CONCLUSION This review provides molecular evidence of relation of vitamin D with extra skeletal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Zendehdel
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ziaeian Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Arefi
- Department of Clinical Toxicology, School of Medicine, Baharloo Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Kubesch A, Quenstedt L, Saleh M, Rüschenbaum S, Schwarzkopf K, Martinez Y, Welsch C, Zeuzem S, Welzel TM, Lange CM. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with hepatic decompensation and inflammation in patients with liver cirrhosis: A prospective cohort study. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0207162. [PMID: 30408125 PMCID: PMC6224127 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vitamin D is required to maintain the integrity of the intestinal barrier and inhibits inflammatory signaling pathways. Objective Vitamin D deficiency might be involved in cirrhosis-associated systemic inflammation and risk of hepatic decompensation in patients with liver cirrhosis. Methods Outpatients of the Hepatology Unit of the University Hospital Frankfurt with advanced liver fibrosis and cirrhosis were prospectively enrolled. 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D3) serum concentrations were quantified and associated with markers of systemic inflammation / intestinal bacterial translocation and hepatic decompensation. Results A total of 338 patients with advanced liver fibrosis or cirrhosis were included. Of those, 51 patients (15%) were hospitalized due to hepatic decompensation during follow-up. Overall, 72 patients (21%) had severe vitamin D deficiency. However, patients receiving vitamin D supplements had significantly higher 25(OH)D3 serum levels compared to patients without supplements (37 ng/mL vs. 16 ng/ml, P<0.0001). Uni- and multivariate analyses revealed an independent association of severe vitamin D deficiency with the risk of hepatic decompensation during follow-up (multivariate P = 0.012; OR = 3.25, 95% CI = 1.30–8.2), together with MELD score, low hemoglobin concentration, low coffee consumption, and presence of diabetes. Of note, serum levels of C-reactive protein, IL-6 and soluble CD14 were significantly higher in patients with versus without severe vitamin D deficiency, and serum levels of soluble CD14 levels declined in patients with de novo supplementation of vitamin D (median 2.15 vs. 1.87 ng/mL, P = 0.002). Conclusions In this prospective cohort study, baseline vitamin D levels were inversely associated with liver-cirrhosis related systemic inflammation and the risk of hepatic decompensation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alica Kubesch
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, Goethe-University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Leonie Quenstedt
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, Goethe-University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Maged Saleh
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, Goethe-University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Sabrina Rüschenbaum
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, Goethe-University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Katharina Schwarzkopf
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, Goethe-University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Yolanda Martinez
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, Goethe-University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Christoph Welsch
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, Goethe-University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Stefan Zeuzem
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, Goethe-University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Tania M. Welzel
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, Goethe-University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Christian M. Lange
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, Goethe-University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
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Konstantinides P, Alexopoulou A, Hadziyannis E, Kanellopoulou T, Dourakis SP. Interleukin-17A and B-cell activating factor in chronic hepatitis C patients with or without asymptomatic mixed cryoglobulinemia: effects of antiviral treatment and correlations with vitamin D. Ann Gastroenterol 2018; 31:705-711. [PMID: 30386121 PMCID: PMC6191865 DOI: 10.20524/aog.2018.0310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have provided conflicting results regarding the immune responses in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients with mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC). The importance of B-cell activating factor (BAFF) in MC has been described, but the role of interleukin (IL)-17A is less clear. METHODS Serum concentrations of IL-17A, BAFF and 25-OH vitamin D were measured in CHC patients at baseline, end of treatment, and 6 months post-treatment with pegylated interferon-α and ribavirin, versus 12 healthy controls. RESULTS Thirty-four patients (20 male, mean age 40.7±9.2 years, 12 of genotype 1 or 4, 22 of genotype 2 or 3) were included, of whom 64.7% achieved a sustained virological response (SVR). MC was detected in 52.9% of the patients. Higher levels of both cytokines were found in patients with MC compared to those without. Patients who achieved SVR had higher pretreatment IL-17A and lower BAFF levels compared to those without SVR. IL-17A was downregulated during and following treatment in responders, whereas upregulation was observed in non-responders. CHC patients demonstrated low vitamin D levels compared to HC. Moreover, the changes in IL-17A over the treatment period were significantly associated with vitamin D changes (β=-0.04, SE=0.02, P=0.046). No difference in IL-17A, BAFF and vitamin D values was seen between patients with cirrhosis (n=14) and those without. CONCLUSIONS CHC patients with asymptomatic MC have increased levels of IL-17A and BAFF. IL-17A levels decline significantly while BAFF increases during treatment in responders. An interplay between IL-17A and vitamin D concentrations was revealed during the antiviral treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polydoros Konstantinides
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine and Research Laboratory, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexandra Alexopoulou
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine and Research Laboratory, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Emilia Hadziyannis
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine and Research Laboratory, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Theoni Kanellopoulou
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine and Research Laboratory, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Spyridon P. Dourakis
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine and Research Laboratory, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration General Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Koop AH, Mousa OY, Pham LE, Corral-Hurtado JE, Pungpapong S, Keaveny AP. An Argument for Vitamin D, A, and Zinc Monitoring in Cirrhosis. Ann Hepatol 2018; 17:920-932. [PMID: 30600288 DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0012.7192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Malnutrition is prevalent in cirrhosis. Vitamin and mineral deficiencies, including vitamin D, vitamin A, and zinc, are common and have been shown to correlate with survival. Our aim was to review the mechanisms of vitamin D, vitamin A, and zinc deficiencies in cirrhosis and the clinical assessment of affected patients, their outcomes based on the current literature, and management. This is a narrative review including the relevant literature for cirrhosis and vitamin D, vitamin A, and zinc deficiencies. Vitamin D deficiency has important effects in cirrhosis, regardless of the cause of chronic liver disease.These effects include associations with fibrosis and outcomes such as infections, hepatocellular carcinoma, and mortality. Vitamin A deficiency is associated with liver disease progression to cirrhosis and clinical decompensation, including occurrence of ascites or hepatic encephalopathy. Zinc deficiency can lead to hepatic encephalopathy and impaired immune function. Such deficiencies correlate with patient survival and disease severity. Caution should be applied when replacing vitamin D, vitamin A, and zinc to avoid toxicity. Identification and appropriate treatment of vitamin and mineral deficiencies in cirrhosis may reduce specific nutritional and cirrhosis-related adverse events. Routine monitoring of vitamin A, vitamin D and zinc levels in cirrhosis should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andree H Koop
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Omar Y Mousa
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Ly Elaine Pham
- Department of Internal Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | | | - Surakit Pungpapong
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Andrew P Keaveny
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
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Saleh M, Welsch C, Cai C, Döring C, Gouttenoire J, Friedrich J, Haselow K, Sarrazin C, Badenhoop K, Moradpour D, Zeuzem S, Rueschenbaum S, Lange CM. Differential modulation of hepatitis C virus replication and innate immune pathways by synthetic calcitriol-analogs. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2018; 183:142-151. [PMID: 29885880 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2018.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Vitamin D signaling is involved in infectious and non-infectious liver diseases, yet the natural vitamin D metabolites are suboptimal therapeutic agents. In the present study, we therefore aimed to explore the potential and mechanism of selected calcitriol analogs to regulate the hepatocellular transcriptome and to inhibit hepatitis C virus (HCV) in comparison with calcitriol. METHODS Human hepatoma cell lines and primary human macrophages were stimulated with calcitriol and selected calcitriol analogs. The effect of calcitriol and its derivatives on hepatocellular gene expression and vitamin D receptor (VDR) signaling as well as on replication of HCV were assessed by quantitative PCR, microarray analyses and in silico analyses of ligand-VDR complexes. RESULTS The structurally related vitamin D analogs calcipotriol and tacalcitiol, but not calcitriol itself, suppressed HCV replication in a VDR-dependent manner. Using a residue-interaction network approach we outline structural and functional differences between VDR-ligand complexes. In particular we find characteristics in the VDR structure bound to calcipotriol with distinct local residue interaction patterns that affect key functional residues that pertain to the VDR charge clamp, H397 and F422, a VDR regulatory element for interaction with co-activators and -repressors. As a consequence, we show calcipotriol in comparison to calcitriol to induce stronger regulatory actions on the transcriptome of hepatocytes and macrophages including key antimicrobial peptides. CONCLUSION Calcipotriol induces local structure rearrangements in VDR that could possibly translate into a superior clinical potential to execute important non-classical vitamin D effects such as inhibition of HCV replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maged Saleh
- Department of Medicine 1, J.W. Goethe University Hospital, D-60590, Frankfurt a.M., Germany
| | - Christoph Welsch
- Department of Medicine 1, J.W. Goethe University Hospital, D-60590, Frankfurt a.M., Germany
| | - Chengcong Cai
- Department of Medicine 1, J.W. Goethe University Hospital, D-60590, Frankfurt a.M., Germany
| | - Claudia Döring
- Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, Goethe University Hospital, D-60596, Frankfurt a. M., Germany
| | - Jérôme Gouttenoire
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Lausanne, CH-1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Judith Friedrich
- Department of Medicine 1, J.W. Goethe University Hospital, D-60590, Frankfurt a.M., Germany
| | - Katrin Haselow
- Department of Medicine 1, J.W. Goethe University Hospital, D-60590, Frankfurt a.M., Germany
| | - Christoph Sarrazin
- Department of Medicine 1, J.W. Goethe University Hospital, D-60590, Frankfurt a.M., Germany; Medical Department II Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Infectiology, Diabetology, St. Josefs-Hospital, D-65189, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - Klaus Badenhoop
- Department of Medicine 1, J.W. Goethe University Hospital, D-60590, Frankfurt a.M., Germany
| | - Darius Moradpour
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Lausanne, CH-1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Zeuzem
- Department of Medicine 1, J.W. Goethe University Hospital, D-60590, Frankfurt a.M., Germany
| | - Sabrina Rueschenbaum
- Department of Medicine 1, J.W. Goethe University Hospital, D-60590, Frankfurt a.M., Germany
| | - Christian M Lange
- Department of Medicine 1, J.W. Goethe University Hospital, D-60590, Frankfurt a.M., Germany.
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Warraich S, Sidhu A, Hou M, Alenezi O. The impact of Middle Eastern Origin, HIV, HCV, and HIV/HCV co-infection in the development of hypovitaminosis D in adults. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2018; 6:1010-1014. [PMID: 30209895 PMCID: PMC6305679 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A relationship between hypovitaminosis D and infection with HIV and HCV has been established in the scientific literature. Studies comparing these illnesses to other risk factors for development of hypovitaminosis D, such as being of Middle Eastern origin, have been lacking. The goals of this study were: (a) to document vitamin D levels in groups of individuals at high risk of developing its deficiency, (b) analyze the data collected to numerically determine which group had the lowest average vitamin D levels, and (c) discuss the impact of the findings and offer possible explanations. METHODS This retrospective observational study involved reviewing medical charts and documenting recent vitamin D levels. Our subgroups were: (a) individuals infected with HIV, (b) individuals infected with HCV, (c) individuals co-infected with HIV/HCV, and (d) people of Middle Eastern origin. The gathered data was subsequently subjected to statistical analysis. RESULTS People of Middle Eastern origin were found more likely to be vitamin D deficient as compared to those infected with HIV, HCV, or co-infected with both HIV and HCV. CONCLUSION This suggests that genetic and environmental factors unique to otherwise healthy Middle Eastern people are more detrimental, in terms of developing hypovitaminosis D, than being chronically infected with the aforementioned illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aven Sidhu
- Vancouver Virology Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Michelle Hou
- Vancouver Virology Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Osamah Alenezi
- Vancouver Virology Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,CIHR HIV Clinical Trials Network, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Xie CN, Yue M, Huang P, Tian T, Fan HZ, Wu MP, Yu RB, Yi HG, Xia XS, Feng Y, Zhang Y, Wang J. Vitamin D binding protein polymorphisms influence susceptibility to hepatitis C virus infection in a high-risk Chinese population. Gene 2018; 679:405-411. [PMID: 30218750 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D binding protein (VDBP) plays an important role in the immune modulation and pathogenesis of hepatitis C viral (HCV) infection by influencing serum vitamin D levels. The present study aims to evaluate the association of VDBP genetic polymorphisms with susceptibility to and chronicity of HCV infection in a high-risk Chinese population. Seven genetic variants in the VDBP gene were genotyped in a case-control study of 886 patients with HCV persistent infection, 539 subjects with spontaneous clearance, and 1081 uninfected controls. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the effects of these variants on HCV infection outcomes. The results showed that two variants rs7041-G and rs3733359-T alleles were significantly associated with increased susceptibility of HCV infection, and the combined effect of the two unfavorable alleles was related to an elevated risk of HCV infection in a locus-dosage manner (Ptrend = 8.16 × 10-4). Interaction analysis manifested that rs7041-GT/GG and rs3733359-CT/TT jointly increased risk of HCV infection. Moreover, haplotype analysis suggested that compared with the most frequent TC haplotype, the haplotype carrying GT indicated a risk effect of HCV infection [odds ratio (OR) = 1.464]. However, no significant associations were observed for the other five variants. These findings implied that VDBP rs7041-G and rs3733359-T variants may contribute to increased susceptibility to HCV infection in a high-risk Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Nan Xie
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ming Yue
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peng Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ting Tian
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao-Zhi Fan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Meng-Ping Wu
- Department of Information, the First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang 222002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rong-Bin Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hong-Gang Yi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xue-Shan Xia
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Yue Feng
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Huadong Research Institute for Medicine and Biotechnics, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Fundamental and Community Nursing, School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China.
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Serum vitamin D level in patients with viral warts. JOURNAL OF THE EGYPTIAN WOMEN’S DERMATOLOGIC SOCIETY 2018. [DOI: 10.1097/01.ewx.0000544897.93500.a8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Vitamin D and Influenza-Prevention or Therapy? Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082419. [PMID: 30115864 PMCID: PMC6121423 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D generates many extraskeletal effects due to the vitamin D receptor (VDR) which is present in most tissues throughout the body. The possible role of vitamin D in infections is implied from its impact on the innate and adaptive immune responses. A significant effect is also the suppression of inflammatory processes. Because vitamin D could be acknowledged as a “seasonal stimulus”, as defined by R. Edgar Hope-Simpson, it would be crucial to prove it from a potential easy and cheap prophylaxis or therapy support perspective as far as influenza infections are concerned. The survey of the literature data generates some controversies and doubts about the possible role of vitamin D in the prevention of influenza virus. The most important point is to realise that the broad spectrum of this vitamin’s activity does not exclude such a possibility. According to most of the authors, more randomized controlled trials with effective, large populations are needed to explore the preventive effect of vitamin D supplementation on viral influenza infections.
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Frias M, Rivero-Juárez A, López-López P, Rivero A. Pharmacogenetics and the treatment of HIV-/HCV-coinfected patients. Pharmacogenomics 2018; 19:979-995. [PMID: 29992850 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2018-0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This review will summarize the role of pharmacogenetics in the natural history of hepatitis C, particularly in patients with HIV/HCV and will take the perspective of pharmacogenetics and its influence on the response to antiviral therapy and the susceptibility to develop adverse effects. This review will also devote a section to host genetics in other clinical situations, such as disease progression and acute HCV infection, which may determine whether treatment of HIV-/HCV-coinfected patients is implemented or deferred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Frias
- Department of Clinical Virology & Zooneses, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía de Córdoba, Instituto Maimonides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Universidad de Córdoba. Córdoba, 14004, Spain
| | - Antonio Rivero-Juárez
- Department of Clinical Virology & Zooneses, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía de Córdoba, Instituto Maimonides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Universidad de Córdoba. Córdoba, 14004, Spain
| | - Pedro López-López
- Department of Clinical Virology & Zooneses, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía de Córdoba, Instituto Maimonides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Universidad de Córdoba. Córdoba, 14004, Spain
| | - Antonio Rivero
- Department of Clinical Virology & Zooneses, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía de Córdoba, Instituto Maimonides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Universidad de Córdoba. Córdoba, 14004, Spain
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Abstract
In the past few years, a growing body of clinical evidence has highlighted the risk of vitamin D deficiency in patients with chronic hepatitis C and that vitamin D levels are associated with the course of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, adverse effects, and treatment response to peginterferon/ribavirin. Recently, studies have found that vitamin D status is related to drug resistance and increased risk of infection in patients with liver cirrhosis. Vitamin D-related gene polymorphisms have been found to explain the interactions between vitamin D deficiency and HCV infection, offering a new perspective toward understanding the current problems such as the development of insulin resistance and racial differences in sustained virological response. Studies have been conducted to determine whether vitamin D supplementation as an adjuvant yields a better result compared with traditional HCV treatment. Here, we provide a brief review of the past and present knowledge of vitamin D in HCV infection.
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Association between Subclinical Low Serum 25(OH)D in Donors and Fatty Liver Disease in Recipients after Living Donor Liver Transplantation. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:4508085. [PMID: 29750155 PMCID: PMC5884236 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4508085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Revised: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
To explore subclinical fatty liver disease (FLD) in donors as a possible mechanism leading to FLD in recipients of living donor liver transplantation (LDLT), we extracted thirty donor-recipient pairs' serum DNA and explored the presence of CYP2R1 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs10741657 and vitamin D receptor (VDR) SNP rs2228530 A/G alleles using real-time polymerase chain reaction. We measured the serum 25(OH)D concentrations and investigated the CYP2R1 and VDR genotypes of the donors and recipients before and after LDLT for comparison with the histological findings from the donors on wedge biopsy, the recipients' removed native liver, and selective liver biopsy after LDLT. There was a significant difference in low serum 25(OH)D concentration between the donors and recipients before LDLT and in the recipients before versus after LDLT (13.90 ± 8.85 versus 47.9 ± 14.88 versus 11.82 ± 10.36, P < 0.001), and significant difference in FLD was detected on wedge biopsy from the donors and the native liver from the recipients as well as the native liver and follow-up biopsy from the recipients (P < 0.001). CYP2R1 and VDR genotype were predominant, both for the AG and for the GG alleles. For the donor VDR SNP rs2228570, low serum 25(OH)D was significantly different between genotypes AA and AG (P = 0.024) as well as between genotypes AA and AG plus GG (P = 0.042). Our data suggest that donors' VDR rs2228570 AA alleles may play a major role in low serum 25(OH)D regarding pathological FLD in recipients after LDLT.
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Azevedo LA, Matte U, Silveira TR, Bonfanti JW, Bruch JP, Álvares-da-Silva MR. Effect of Vitamin D Serum Levels and GC Gene Polymorphisms in Liver Fibrosis Due to Chronic Hepatitis C. Ann Hepatol 2018; 16:742-748. [PMID: 28809744 DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0010.2748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND AIM Vitamin D has been associated with chronic liver diseases and low vitamin levels may contribute to progression of chronic hepatitis C. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of vitamin D serum levels and GC gene polymorphisms in the severity of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C genotype 1. MATERIAL AND METHODS Cross-sectional study that enrolled 132 adult patients with chronic hepatitis C genotype 1 attended at the outpatient Clinic of Gastroenterology Division at Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. At the time of enrollment patients had a blood withdraw for serum 25(OH)D determination and genotypic analysis of rs7041 and rs4588 polymorphisms in GC gene. None/mild fibrosis was considered as METAVIR F0, F1 and F2 and severe fibrosis as METAVIR F3 and F4. RESULTS Median 25(OH)D levels in the sample were 19.9 ng/mL (P25-P75: 14.0-29.4). Fifty percent of patients presented vitamin D deficiency (< 20 ng/mL). In stepwise multiple linear regression the variables associated with 25(OH)D levels were blood withdrawn in Winter/spring season, the haplotypes AT/AT + AG/AT of rs7041 and rs4588 and female sex. For evaluation of severe fibrosis, variables associated in logistic regression were age, vitamin D severe deficiency (< 10 ng/mL), glucose levels, BMI and platelets count. CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D levels are associated with severity of liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C genotype 1 patients. Although the rs7041 and rs4588 GC polymorphisms are strong predictors of vitamin D levels, they do not play a direct role in liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Azevedo
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil Graduate Program in Gastroenterology and Hepatology Sciences
| | - Ursula Matte
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil Department of Genetics; Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology
| | - Themis R Silveira
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil Graduate Program in Gastroenterology and Hepatology Sciences
| | - Jacqueline W Bonfanti
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Division of Gastroenterology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil Department of Internal Medicine
| | - Juliana P Bruch
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil Graduate Program in Gastroenterology and Hepatology Sciences
| | - Mário R Álvares-da-Silva
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil Graduate Program in Gastroenterology and Hepatology Sciences
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Keane JT, Elangovan H, Stokes RA, Gunton JE. Vitamin D and the Liver-Correlation or Cause? Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10040496. [PMID: 29659559 PMCID: PMC5946281 DOI: 10.3390/nu10040496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is becoming increasingly accepted as an important physiological regulator outside of its classical role in skeletal homeostasis. A growing body of evidence connects vitamin D with hepatic disease. This review summarises the role of vitamin D in liver homeostasis and disease and discusses the therapeutic potential of vitamin D-based treatments to protect against hepatic disease progression and to improve response to treatment. While pre-clinical experimental data is promising, clinical trials around liver diseases have mostly been under-powered, and further studies will be required to clarify whether vitamin D or vitamin D analogues have beneficial effects on liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy T Keane
- Centre for Diabetes, Obesity & Endocrinology, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research (WIMR), Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia.
| | - Harendran Elangovan
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia.
| | - Rebecca A Stokes
- Centre for Diabetes, Obesity & Endocrinology, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research (WIMR), Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia.
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia.
| | - Jenny E Gunton
- Centre for Diabetes, Obesity & Endocrinology, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research (WIMR), Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia.
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia.
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia.
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Association Between Vitamin D Metabolism Gene Polymorphisms and Risk of Tunisian Adults' Asthma. Lung 2018; 196:285-295. [PMID: 29502202 DOI: 10.1007/s00408-018-0101-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Several studies have shown a strong correlation between the serum vitamin D level and asthma severity and deficits in lung function. OBJECTIVE Study the relationship between vitamin D and the severity of asthma by targeting five SNPs of vitamin D metabolism gene pathway in a Tunisian adult asthmatics population. METHODS Our case-control study includes 154 adult asthmatic patients and 154 healthy Tunisian subjects. We genotyped many variants in three human genes encoding key components of the vitamin D metabolism, CYP2R1, CYP27B1, GC. The GC gene rs4588 and rs7041 polymorphisms were analysed using the PCR-RFLP method, while rs10741657 and rs12794714 for CYP2R1 gene and rs10877012 of CYP27B1 gene were investigated using TaqMan PCR genotyping techniques. RESULTS We found that the presence of at least one copy of the rs12794714 A, allele was associated with lower risk of developing asthma (OR 0.61). Further, the rs12794714 is a protector factor against asthma severity (OR 0.5). However, the presence of rs10877012 TG genotype is a risk factor related to asthma severity (OR 1.89). When we classified the population according to sex, our results showed that rs10877012 TT genotype was a risk factor for women subjects (OR 6.7). Moreover, the expression of TT genotype was associated with a higher risk of asthma in non-smoker patients (OR 7.13). We found a significant lower VD serum levels in asthmatics than controls but no impact of the polymorphisms on VD levels. CONCLUSIONS We found that rs12794714 and rs10877012 SNPs were associated with asthma risk.
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Abdel-Mohsen MA, El-Braky AAA, Ghazal AAER, Shamseya MM. Autophagy, apoptosis, vitamin D, and vitamin D receptor in hepatocellular carcinoma associated with hepatitis C virus. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e0172. [PMID: 29561429 PMCID: PMC5895342 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000010172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aims of this study were to investigate the interplay between autophagy and apoptosis and to investigate the association between both of autophagy and apoptosis and vitamin D and its receptor in hepatitis C virus (HCV) viral infection and its implication in the progression into hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).A cross-sectional study where serum levels of microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 (LC3); marker of autophagy, caspase-3; marker of apoptosis, vitamin D3 and vitamin D receptor (VDR) were measured in healthy subjects as well as HCV and HCV-HCC patients using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique.Collectively, the liver profile revealed hepatic dysfunctions in HCV patients with or without HCC. A significant reduction in the serum concentration levels LC3 and caspase-3 were observed referring to the down regulation of autophagy and host-mediated apoptosis in HCV patients with or without HCC. Deficiency of vitamin D and decreased levels of its receptor were observed in HCV and HCV-HCC patients.The perturbation in vitamin D/VDR axis, which modulates both of autophagy and apoptosis in HCV infection, may point out to its involvement and implication in the pathogenesis of HCV infection and the development of HCV-related HCC. Therefore, supplementation with vitamin D may not be the only solution to restore the vital biological functions of vitamin D but VDR-targeted therapy may be of great importance in this respect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mohammed Mohammed Shamseya
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Internal Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Wu Y, Zeng Y, Wu W, Lin J, Ou Q. Polymorphisms of CYP27B1 are associated with IFN efficacy in HBeAg-positive patients. J Clin Lab Anal 2018; 32:e22367. [PMID: 29457277 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.22367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Host single nucleotide polymorphisms were associated with antiviral therapy in CHB patients. The CYP27B1 gene, encoding 25(OH)D3 -1α hydroxylase, might activate 25(OH)D3 to 1,25(OH)2 D3 in kidney resulted in influencing the efficacy of interferon (IFN). The aim of the study was to investigate the association between CYP27B1 polymorphisms and the response to IFN in HBeAg-positive patients. METHODS Eighty-seven HBeAg-positive CHB patients infected with HBV genotype B or C were included in the study. All patients were treated with IFN at least 1 year. According to the response to PEG-IFN therapy, they were divided into three groups: 16 complete responses (CR), 42 partial responses (PR), and 29 nonresponses (NR). Sanger-sequencing was utilized to genotype the CYP27B1 SNPs(rs4646536 and rs10877012). RESULTS In logistic regression analysis, the frequency of rs4646536 CC genotype was observed to be higher in the NR group. Besides, the GG genotype of rs10877012 differed significantly among the three groups. The GG genotype was prevalent in patients with CR, and patients with TT genotype result in NR at the end of IFN treatment. The most common haplotype TG was independently associated with CR, after adjustment, and haplotype CT appeared to be associated with NR and PR, rather than CR. The data also showed that patients with baseline 1,25(OH)2 D3 > 39.39 pg/mL had higher CR rates at the end of IFN therapy. CONCLUSION These results suggested CYP28B1 gene polymorphisms may be independently associated with the efficacy of IFN in HBeAg-positive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Wu
- First Clinical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yongbin Zeng
- First Clinical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wennan Wu
- First Clinical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jinpiao Lin
- First Clinical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qishui Ou
- First Clinical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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