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Marvin Tan XH, Wang Y, Zhu X, Mendes FN, Chung PS, Chow YT, Man T, Lan H, Lin YJ, Zhang X, Zhang X, Nguyen T, Ardehali R, Teitell MA, Deb A, Chiou PY. Massive field-of-view sub-cellular traction force videography enabled by Single-Pixel Optical Tracers (SPOT). Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 258:116318. [PMID: 38701538 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
We report a massive field-of-view and high-speed videography platform for measuring the sub-cellular traction forces of more than 10,000 biological cells over 13 mm2 at 83 frames per second. Our Single-Pixel Optical Tracers (SPOT) tool uses 2-dimensional diffraction gratings embedded into a soft substrate to convert cells' mechanical traction force into optical colors detectable by a video camera. The platform measures the sub-cellular traction forces of diverse cell types, including tightly connected tissue sheets and near isolated cells. We used this platform to explore the mechanical wave propagation in a tightly connected sheet of Neonatal Rat Ventricular Myocytes (NRVMs) and discovered that the activation time of some tissue regions are heterogeneous from the overall spiral wave behavior of the cardiac wave.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Haw Marvin Tan
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, United States; Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, United States; Department of Electronics and Photonics, Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, 138632, Singapore
| | - Yijie Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, 675 Charles E Young Dr S, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, United States
| | - Xiongfeng Zhu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, United States
| | - Felipe Nanni Mendes
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, United States
| | - Pei-Shan Chung
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, United States; Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, United States
| | - Yu Ting Chow
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, United States
| | - Tianxing Man
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, United States
| | - Hsin Lan
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, United States
| | - Yen-Ju Lin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California at Los Angeles, Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, United States
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, United States
| | - Xiaohe Zhang
- Department of Mathematics, University of California Los Angeles, 520 Portola Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, United States
| | - Thang Nguyen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, United States
| | - Reza Ardehali
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, 675 Charles E Young Dr S, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, United States
| | - Michael A Teitell
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, United States; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, 675 Charles E Young Dr S, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, United States
| | - Arjun Deb
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, 675 Charles E Young Dr S, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, United States
| | - Pei-Yu Chiou
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, United States; Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, United States.
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2
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Weiler SME, Bissinger M, Rose F, von Bubnoff F, Lutz T, Ori A, Schirmacher P, Breuhahn K. SEPTIN10-mediated crosstalk between cytoskeletal networks controls mechanotransduction and oncogenic YAP/TAZ signaling. Cancer Lett 2024; 584:216637. [PMID: 38242197 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
The transcriptional co-activators of the Hippo pathway, YAP and TAZ, are regulated by mechanotransduction, which depends on dynamic actin cytoskeleton remodeling. Here, we identified SEPTIN10 as a novel cytoskeletal protein, which is transcriptionally regulated by YAP/TAZ and whose overexpression correlates with poor survival and vascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Functional characterization demonstrated that SEPTIN10 promotes YAP/TAZ-dependent cell viability, migration and invasion of liver cancer cells. Mechanistically, SEPTIN10 interacts with actin and microtubule filaments supporting actin stress fiber formation and intracellular tension through binding to CAPZA2 while concurrently inhibiting microtubule polymerization through the blockage of MAP4 function. This functional antagonism is important for cytoskeleton-dependent feedback activation of YAP/TAZ, as microtubule depolymerization induces actin stress fiber formation and subsequently YAP/TAZ activity. Importantly, the crosstalk between microfilaments and microtubules is mediated by SEPTIN10 as its loss abrogates actin stress fiber formation after microtubule disruption. Together, the YAP/TAZ target gene SEPTIN10 controls the dynamic interplay between actin and microtubule filaments, which feeds back on Hippo pathway activity in HCC cells and thus acts as molecular switch with impact on oncogenic signaling and cancer cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia M E Weiler
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Michaela Bissinger
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Fabian Rose
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Fabian von Bubnoff
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Teresa Lutz
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alessandro Ori
- Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Peter Schirmacher
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kai Breuhahn
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Cao R, Tian H, Tian Y, Fu X. A Hierarchical Mechanotransduction System: From Macro to Micro. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2302327. [PMID: 38145330 PMCID: PMC10953595 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202302327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Mechanotransduction is a strictly regulated process whereby mechanical stimuli, including mechanical forces and properties, are sensed and translated into biochemical signals. Increasing data demonstrate that mechanotransduction is crucial for regulating macroscopic and microscopic dynamics and functionalities. However, the actions and mechanisms of mechanotransduction across multiple hierarchies, from molecules, subcellular structures, cells, tissues/organs, to the whole-body level, have not been yet comprehensively documented. Herein, the biological roles and operational mechanisms of mechanotransduction from macro to micro are revisited, with a focus on the orchestrations across diverse hierarchies. The implications, applications, and challenges of mechanotransduction in human diseases are also summarized and discussed. Together, this knowledge from a hierarchical perspective has the potential to refresh insights into mechanotransduction regulation and disease pathogenesis and therapy, and ultimately revolutionize the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Cao
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismCenter for Diabetes Metabolism ResearchState Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China Medical SchoolWest China HospitalSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation CenterChengduSichuan610041China
| | - Huimin Tian
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismCenter for Diabetes Metabolism ResearchState Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China Medical SchoolWest China HospitalSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation CenterChengduSichuan610041China
| | - Yan Tian
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismCenter for Diabetes Metabolism ResearchState Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China Medical SchoolWest China HospitalSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation CenterChengduSichuan610041China
| | - Xianghui Fu
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismCenter for Diabetes Metabolism ResearchState Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China Medical SchoolWest China HospitalSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation CenterChengduSichuan610041China
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4
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Li W, Wu Y, Hu W, Zhou J, Shu X, Zhang X, Zhang Z, Wu H, Du Y, Lü D, Lü S, Li N, Long M. Direct mechanical exposure initiates hepatocyte proliferation. JHEP Rep 2023; 5:100905. [PMID: 37920845 PMCID: PMC10618550 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2023.100905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background & Aims Liver paracrine signaling from liver sinusoid endothelial cells to hepatocytes in response to mechanical stimuli is crucial in highly coordinated liver regeneration. Interstitial flow through the fenestrated endothelium inside the space of Disse potentiates the role of direct exposure of hepatocytes to fluid flow in the immediate regenerative responses after partial hepatectomy, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Methods Mouse liver perfusion was used to identify the effects of interstitial flow on hepatocyte proliferation ex vivo. Isolated hepatocytes were further exposed to varied shear stresses directly in vitro. Knockdown and/or inhibition of mechanosensitive proteins were used to unravel the signaling pathways responsible for cell proliferation. Results An increased interstitial flow was visualized and hepatocytes' regenerative response was demonstrated experimentally by ex vivo perfusion of mouse livers. In vitro measurements also showed that fluid flow initiated hepatocyte proliferation in a duration- and amplitude-dependent manner. Mechanistically, flow enhanced β1 integrin expression and nuclear translocation of YAP (yes-associated protein), via the Hippo pathway, to stimulate hepatocytes to re-enter the cell cycle. Conclusions Hepatocyte proliferation was initiated after direct exposure to interstitial flow ex vivo or shear stress in vitro, which provides new insights into the contributions of mechanical forces to liver regeneration. Impact and implications By using both ex vivo liver perfusion and in vitro flow exposure tests, we identified the roles of interstitial flow in the space of Disse in stimulating hepatocytes to re-enter the cell cycle. We found an increase in shear flow-induced hepatocyte proliferation via β1 integrin-YAP mechanotransductive pathways. This serves as a useful model to potentiate hepatocyte expansion in vitro using mechanical forces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Li
- Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology and Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology and Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenhui Hu
- Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology and Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Zhou
- Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology and Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyu Shu
- Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology and Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology and Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ziliang Zhang
- Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology and Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, China
| | - Huan Wu
- Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology and Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Du
- Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology and Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dongyuan Lü
- Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology and Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shouqin Lü
- Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology and Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Li
- Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology and Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mian Long
- Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology and Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Zhang R, Chen S, Yang Z, Zhang N, Guo K, Lv K, Zhou Z, Gao M, Hu X, Su Y, He J, Wang F. Actin polymerization inhibition by targeting ARPC2 affects intestinal stem cell homeostasis. BURNS & TRAUMA 2023; 11:tkad038. [PMID: 37849945 PMCID: PMC10578047 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkad038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Background The rapid turnover of the intestinal epithelium is driven by the proliferation and differentiation of intestinal stem cells (ISCs). The dynamics of the F-actin cytoskeleton are critical for maintaining intercellular force and the signal transduction network. However, it remains unclear how direct interference with actin polymerization impacts ISC homeostasis. This study aims to reveal the regulatory effects of the F-actin cytoskeleton on the homeostasis of intestinal epithelium, as well as the potential risks of benproperine (BPP) as an anti-tumor drug. Methods Phalloidin fluorescence staining was utilized to test F-actin polymerization. Flow cytometry and IHC staining were employed to discriminate different types of intestinal epithelial cells. Cell proliferation was assessed through bromo-deoxyuridine (BrdU) and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) incorporation assays. The proliferation and differentiation of intestinal stem cells were replicated in vitro through organoid culture. Epithelial migration was evaluated through BrdU pulse labeling and chasing in mice. Results The F-actin content was observed to significantly increase as crypt cells migrated into the villus region. Additionally, actin polymerization in secretory cells, especially in Paneth cells (PCs), was much higher than that in neighboring ISCs. Treatment with the newly identified actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 2 (ARPC2) inhibitor BPP led to a dose-dependent increase or inhibition of intestinal organoid growth in vitro and crypt cell proliferation in vivo. Compared with the vehicle group, BPP treatment decreased the expression of Lgr5 ISC feature genes in vivo and in organoid culture. Meanwhile, PC differentiation derived from ISCs and progenitors was decreased by inhibition of F-actin polymerization. Mechanistically, BPP-induced actin polymerization inhibition may activate the Yes1-associated transcriptional regulator pathway, which affects ISC proliferation and differentiation. Accordingly, BPP treatment affected intestinal epithelial cell migration in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion Our findings indicate that the regulation of cytoskeleton reorganization can affect ISC homeostasis. In addition, inhibiting ARPC2 with the Food and Drug Administration-approved drug BPP represents a novel approach to influencing the turnover of intestinal epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruzhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University,Chongqing, 401331China
| | - Sheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Zhifan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Kenan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Keyi Lv
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Zimo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Meijiao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xiancheng Hu
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University,Chongqing, 401331China
| | - Yongping Su
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jianming He
- Department of Radiotherapy, Hebei Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine for Gastroenterology Research (Hebei), Shijiazhuang, 050011
| | - Fengchao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
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Bai Y, Zhao F, Wu T, Chen F, Pang X. Actin polymerization and depolymerization in developing vertebrates. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1213668. [PMID: 37745245 PMCID: PMC10515290 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1213668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Development is a complex process that occurs throughout the life cycle. F-actin, a major component of the cytoskeleton, is essential for the morphogenesis of tissues and organs during development. F-actin is formed by the polymerization of G-actin, and the dynamic balance of polymerization and depolymerization ensures proper cellular function. Disruption of this balance results in various abnormalities and defects or even embryonic lethality. Here, we reviewed recent findings on the structure of G-actin and F-actin and the polymerization of G-actin to F-actin. We also focused on the functions of actin isoforms and the underlying mechanisms of actin polymerization/depolymerization in cellular and organic morphogenesis during development. This information will extend our understanding of the role of actin polymerization in the physiologic or pathologic processes during development and may open new avenues for developing therapeutics for embryonic developmental abnormalities or tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Bai
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingting Wu
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Fangchun Chen
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Pang
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
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7
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Marvin Tan XH, Wang Y, Zhu X, Mendes FN, Chung PS, Chow YT, Man T, Lan H, Lin YJ, Zhang X, Zhang X, Nguyen T, Ardehali R, Teitell MA, Deb A, Chiou PY. Massively Concurrent Sub-Cellular Traction Force Videography enabled by Single-Pixel Optical Tracers (SPOTs). BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.25.550454. [PMID: 37546726 PMCID: PMC10402113 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.25.550454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
We report a large field-of-view and high-speed videography platform for measuring the sub-cellular traction forces of more than 10,000 biological cells over 13mm 2 at 83 frames per second. Our Single-Pixel Optical Tracers (SPOT) tool uses 2-dimensional diffraction gratings embedded into a soft substrate to convert cells' mechanical traction stress into optical colors detectable by a video camera. The platform measures the sub-cellular traction forces of diverse cell types, including tightly connected tissue sheets and near isolated cells. We used this platform to explore the mechanical wave propagation in a tightly connected sheet of Neonatal Rat Ventricular Myocytes (NRVMs) and discovered that the activation time of some tissue regions are heterogeneous from the overall spiral wave behavior of the cardiac wave. One-Sentence Summary An optical platform for fast, concurrent measurements of cell mechanics at 83 frames per second, over a large area of 13mm 2 .
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Wu P, Hou X, Peng M, Deng X, Yan Q, Fan C, Mo Y, Wang Y, Li Z, Wang F, Guo C, Zhou M, Liao Q, Wang H, Zeng Z, Jiang W, Li G, Xiong W, Xiang B. Circular RNA circRILPL1 promotes nasopharyngeal carcinoma malignant progression by activating the Hippo-YAP signaling pathway. Cell Death Differ 2023; 30:1679-1694. [PMID: 37173390 PMCID: PMC10307875 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-023-01171-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play an important regulatory role in the pathogenesis and progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), which have not been thoroughly elucidated. In this study, we revealed for the first time that circRILPL1 was upregulated in NPC, weakened adhesion and decreased stiffness of NPC cells, and promoted NPC proliferation and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, circRILPL1 inhibited the LATS1-YAP kinase cascade by binding to and activating ROCK1, resulting in decrease of YAP phosphorylation. Binding and cooperating with transport receptor IPO7, circRILPL1 promoted the translocation of YAP from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, where YAP enhanced the transcription of cytoskeleton remodeling genes CAPN2 and PXN. By which, circRILPL1 contributed to the pathogenesis of NPC. Our results demonstrated that circRILPL1 promoted the proliferation and metastasis of NPC through activating the Hippo-YAP signaling pathway by binding to both ROCK1 and IPO7. Highly expressed circRILPL1 in NPC may serve as an important biomarker for tumor diagnosis and may also be a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Wu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Xiangchan Hou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Miao Peng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Xiangying Deng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Qijia Yan
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Chunmei Fan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Yongzhen Mo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Yumin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Fuyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Can Guo
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Qianjin Liao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Hui Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Zhaoyang Zeng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Weihong Jiang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Guiyuan Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Bo Xiang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China.
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China.
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9
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Li J, Li X, Song S, Sun Z, Li Y, Yang L, Xie Z, Cai Y, Zhao Y. Mitochondria spatially and temporally modulate VSMC phenotypes via interacting with cytoskeleton in cardiovascular diseases. Redox Biol 2023; 64:102778. [PMID: 37321061 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases caused by atherosclerosis (AS) seriously endanger human health, which is closely related to vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotypes. VSMC phenotypic transformation is marked by the alteration of phenotypic marker expression and cellular behaviour. Intriguingly, the mitochondrial metabolism and dynamics altered during VSMC phenotypic transformation. Firstly, this review combs VSMC mitochondrial metabolism in three aspects: mitochondrial ROS generation, mutated mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and calcium metabolism respectively. Secondly, we summarized the role of mitochondrial dynamics in regulating VSMC phenotypes. We further emphasized the association between mitochondria and cytoskelton via presenting cytoskeletal support during mitochondrial dynamics process, and discussed its impact on their respective dynamics. Finally, considering that both mitochondria and cytoskeleton are mechano-sensitive organelles, we demonstrated their direct and indirect interaction under extracellular mechanical stimuli through several mechano-sensitive signaling pathways. We additionally discussed related researches in other cell types in order to inspire deeper thinking and reasonable speculation of potential regulatory mechanism in VSMC phenotypic transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Li
- Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, NO.1 Medical College Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xinyue Li
- Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, NO.1 Medical College Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Sijie Song
- Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, NO.1 Medical College Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zhengwen Sun
- Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, NO.1 Medical College Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yuanzhu Li
- Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, NO.1 Medical College Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Long Yang
- Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, NO.1 Medical College Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zhenhong Xie
- Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, NO.1 Medical College Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yikui Cai
- Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, NO.1 Medical College Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yinping Zhao
- Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, NO.1 Medical College Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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10
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Tian F, Huang S, Xu W, Xie G, Gan Y, Huang F, Fan Y, Bao J. Fasudil compensates podocyte injury via CaMK4/Rho GTPases signal and actin cytoskeleton-dependent activation of YAP in MRL/lpr mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 119:110199. [PMID: 37094544 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Deposition of immune complexes in the glomerulus leads to irreversible renal damage in lupus nephritis (LN), of which podocyte malfunction arises earlier. Fasudil, the only Rho GTPases inhibitor approved in clinical settings, possesses well-established renoprotective actions; yet, no studies addressed the amelioration derived from fasudil in LN. To clarify, we investigated whether fasudil exerted renal remission in lupus-prone mice. In this study, fasudil (20 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally administered to female MRL/lpr mice for 10 weeks. We report that fasudil administration swept antibodies (anti-dsDNA) and attenuated systemic inflammatory response in MRL/lpr mice, accompanied by preserving podocyte ultrastructure and averting immune complex deposition. Mechanistically, it repressed the expression of CaMK4 in glomerulopathy by preserving nephrin and synaptopodin expression. And fasudil further blocked cytoskeletal breakage in the Rho GTPases-dependent action. Further analyses showed that beneficial actions of fasudil on the podocytes required intra-nuclear YAP activation underlying actin dynamics. In addition, in vitro assays revealed that fasudil normalized the motile imbalance by suppressing intracellular calcium enrichment, thereby contributing to the resistance of apoptosis in podocytes. Altogether, our findings suggest that the precise manners of crosstalks between cytoskeletal assembly and YAP activation underlying the upstream CaMK4/Rho GTPases signal in podocytes is a reliable target for podocytopathies treatment, and fasudil might serve as a promising therapeutic agent to compensate for the podocyte injury in LN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyuan Tian
- General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Shuo Huang
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Wangda Xu
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Guanqun Xie
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Rheumatology of Zhejiang Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yihong Gan
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Fugang Huang
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yongsheng Fan
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Rheumatology of Zhejiang Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, PR China.
| | - Jie Bao
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Rheumatology of Zhejiang Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, PR China.
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11
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Ray S, Agarwal P, Nitzan A, Nédélec F, Zaidel-Bar R. Actin-capping protein regulates actomyosin contractility to maintain germline architecture in C. elegans. Development 2023; 150:dev201099. [PMID: 36897576 PMCID: PMC10112912 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Actin dynamics play an important role in tissue morphogenesis, yet the control of actin filament growth takes place at the molecular level. A challenge in the field is to link the molecular function of actin regulators with their physiological function. Here, we report an in vivo role of the actin-capping protein CAP-1 in the Caenorhabditis elegans germline. We show that CAP-1 is associated with actomyosin structures in the cortex and rachis, and its depletion or overexpression led to severe structural defects in the syncytial germline and oocytes. A 60% reduction in the level of CAP-1 caused a twofold increase in F-actin and non-muscle myosin II activity, and laser incision experiments revealed an increase in rachis contractility. Cytosim simulations pointed to increased myosin as the main driver of increased contractility following loss of actin-capping protein. Double depletion of CAP-1 and myosin or Rho kinase demonstrated that the rachis architecture defects associated with CAP-1 depletion require contractility of the rachis actomyosin corset. Thus, we uncovered a physiological role for actin-capping protein in regulating actomyosin contractility to maintain reproductive tissue architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinjini Ray
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 6997801 Tel Aviv, Israel
- Graduate Program, Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore,117411, Singapore
| | - Priti Agarwal
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 6997801 Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Anat Nitzan
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 6997801 Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - François Nédélec
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 47 Bateman Street, Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK
| | - Ronen Zaidel-Bar
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 6997801 Tel Aviv, Israel
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12
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Hein JI, Scholz J, Körber S, Kaufmann T, Faix J. Unleashed Actin Assembly in Capping Protein-Deficient B16-F1 Cells Enables Identification of Multiple Factors Contributing to Filopodium Formation. Cells 2023; 12:cells12060890. [PMID: 36980231 PMCID: PMC10047565 DOI: 10.3390/cells12060890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Filopodia are dynamic, finger-like actin-filament bundles that overcome membrane tension by forces generated through actin polymerization at their tips to allow extension of these structures a few microns beyond the cell periphery. Actin assembly of these protrusions is regulated by accessory proteins including heterodimeric capping protein (CP) or Ena/VASP actin polymerases to either terminate or promote filament growth. Accordingly, the depletion of CP in B16-F1 melanoma cells was previously shown to cause an explosive formation of filopodia. In Ena/VASP-deficient cells, CP depletion appeared to result in ruffling instead of inducing filopodia, implying that Ena/VASP proteins are absolutely essential for filopodia formation. However, this hypothesis was not yet experimentally confirmed. Methods: Here, we used B16-F1 cells and CRISPR/Cas9 technology to eliminate CP either alone or in combination with Ena/VASP or other factors residing at filopodia tips, followed by quantifications of filopodia length and number. Results: Unexpectedly, we find massive formations of filopodia even in the absence of CP and Ena/VASP proteins. Notably, combined inactivation of Ena/VASP, unconventional myosin-X and the formin FMNL3 was required to markedly impair filopodia formation in CP-deficient cells. Conclusions: Taken together, our results reveal that, besides Ena/VASP proteins, numerous other factors contribute to filopodia formation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jan Faix
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-511-532-2928
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13
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Chen J, Chen T, Wang Y, Meng J, Tan G, Zhao Q, Feng S, Xu L, Pei Q. Oxidative stress disrupts the cytoskeleton of spinal motor neurons. Brain Behav 2023; 13:e2870. [PMID: 36579576 PMCID: PMC9927851 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is a common and devastating central nervous disease, the treatment of which faces many challenges to the medical community and society as a whole. Treatment measures based on oxidative stress of spinal motor neurons during SCI are expected to help restore biological functions of neurons under injury conditions. However, to date, there are no systematic reports regarding oxidative stress on spinal motor neuron injury. Our aim is to better understand and explain the influences and mechanisms of oxidative stress on spinal motor neurons during SCI. METHODS We first exposed VSC4.1 motor neurons to hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) and evaluated the effects on cell viability, morphology, cycling, and apoptosis, with an emphasis on the changes to the cytoskeleton and the effect of N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) on these changes. Then, we investigated the effects of NAC on these cytoskeletal changes in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS We found that H2 O2 caused severe damage to the normal cytoskeleton, leading to a reduction in neurite length and number, rearrangement of the actin cytoskeleton, and disorder of the microtubules and neurofilaments in VSC4.1. Importantly, NAC attenuated the oxidative damage of spinal motor neurons in vitro and in vivo, promoting the recovery of hindlimb motor ability in mice with SCI at the early stage of injury. CONCLUSION This study shows that oxidative stress plays an important role in the cytoskeleton destruction of spinal motor neurons in SCI, and treatment of SCI on this basis is a promising strategy. These findings will help to elucidate the role of oxidative stress in spinal motor neuron injury in SCI and provide references for further research into the study of the pathology and underlying mechanism of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipality Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, China.,School of Graduate, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Tianyu Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yeyang Wang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juanjuan Meng
- Central Laboratory, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Guangjiao Tan
- Central Laboratory, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiurong Zhao
- Central Laboratory, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Shilong Feng
- Department of Orthopedics, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipality Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Lixin Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipality Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Qinqin Pei
- Central Laboratory, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, China
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14
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Li X, Heng BC, Bai Y, Wang Q, Gao M, He Y, Zhang X, Deng X, Zhang X. Electrical charge on ferroelectric nanocomposite membranes enhances SHED neural differentiation. Bioact Mater 2023; 20:81-92. [PMID: 35633875 PMCID: PMC9131252 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) uniquely exhibit high proliferative and neurogenic potential. Charged biomaterials have been demonstrated to promote neural differentiation of stem cells, but the dose-response effect of electrical stimuli from these materials on neural differentiation of SHED remains to be elucidated. Here, by utilizing different annealing temperatures prior to corona poling treatment, BaTiO3/P(VDF-TrFE) ferroelectric nanocomposite membranes with varying charge polarization intensity (d33 ≈ 0, 4, 12 and 19 pC N−1) were fabricated. Enhanced expression of neural markers, increased cell elongation and more prominent neurite outgrowths were observed with increasing surface charge of the nanocomposite membrane indicating a dose-response effect of surface electrical charge on SHED neural differentiation. Further investigations of the underlying molecular mechanisms revealed that intracellular calcium influx, focal adhesion formation, FAK-ERK mechanosensing pathway and neurogenic-related ErbB signaling pathway were implicated in the enhancement of SHED neural differentiation by surface electrical charge. Hence, this study confirms the dose-response effect of biomaterial surface charge on SHED neural differentiation and provides preliminary insights into the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways involved. Membrane surface charge can be precisely controlled by adjusting annealing temperature and corona poling parameters. Both earlier and later neurogenic differentiation of SHED appear to be dose-dependently enhanced by surface charge. Underlying molecular mechanisms may involve intracellular Ca2+ influx, focal adhesion formation, FAK-ERK and ErbB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochan Li
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, PR China
- Department of Dental Materials & Dental Medical Devices Testing Center, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, PR China
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Boon Chin Heng
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Yunyang Bai
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Min Gao
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Ying He
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Xinwen Zhang
- Center of Implant Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, 110002, PR China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Xuliang Deng
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, PR China
- National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, PR China
- Corresponding author. Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, PR China.
| | - Xuehui Zhang
- Department of Dental Materials & Dental Medical Devices Testing Center, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, PR China
- National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, PR China
- Corresponding author. Department of Dental Materials & Dental Medical Devices Testing Center, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, PR China.
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15
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Li W, Shu X, Zhang X, Zhang Z, Sun S, Li N, Long M. Potential Roles of YAP/TAZ Mechanotransduction in Spaceflight-Induced Liver Dysfunction. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032197. [PMID: 36768527 PMCID: PMC9917057 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Microgravity exposure during spaceflight causes the disordered regulation of liver function, presenting a specialized mechano-biological coupling process. While YAP/TAZ serves as a typical mechanosensitive pathway involved in hepatocyte metabolism, it remains unclear whether and how it is correlated with microgravity-induced liver dysfunction. Here, we discussed liver function alterations induced by spaceflight or simulated effects of microgravity on Earth. The roles of YAP/TAZ serving as a potential bridge in connecting liver metabolism with microgravity were specifically summarized. Existing evidence indicated that YAP/TAZ target gene expressions were affected by mechanotransductive pathways and phase separation, reasonably speculating that microgravity might regulate YAP/TAZ activation by disrupting these pathways via cytoskeletal remodeling or nuclear deformation, or disturbing condensates formation via diffusion limit, and then breaking liver homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Li
- Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology and Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xinyu Shu
- Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology and Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology and Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ziliang Zhang
- Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology and Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Shujin Sun
- Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology and Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ning Li
- Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology and Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Correspondence: (N.L.); (M.L.)
| | - Mian Long
- Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology and Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Correspondence: (N.L.); (M.L.)
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16
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Nambiar SM, Lee J, Yanum JA, Garcia V, Jiang H, Dai G. Maternal hepatocytes heterogeneously and dynamically exhibit developmental phenotypes partially via yes-associated protein 1 during pregnancy. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2023; 324:G38-G50. [PMID: 36283963 PMCID: PMC9799147 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00197.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Pregnancy induces reprogramming of maternal physiology to support fetal development and growth. Maternal hepatocytes undergo hypertrophy and hyperplasia to drive maternal liver growth and alter their gene expression profiles simultaneously. This study aimed to further understand maternal hepatocyte adaptation to pregnancy. Timed pregnancies were generated in mice. In a nonpregnant state, most hepatocytes expressed Cd133, α-fetal protein (Afp) and epithelial cell adhesion molecule (Epcam) mRNAs, whereas overall, at the protein level, they exhibited a CD133-/AFP- phenotype; however, pericentral hepatocytes were EpCAM+. As pregnancy advanced, although most maternal hepatocytes retained Cd133, Afp, and Epcam mRNA expression, they generally displayed a phenotype of CD133+/AFP+, and EpCAM protein expression was switched from pericentral to periportal maternal hepatocytes. In addition, we found that the Hippo/yes-associated protein (YAP) pathway does not respond to pregnancy. Yap1 gene deletion specifically in maternal hepatocytes did not affect maternal liver growth or metabolic zonation. However, the absence of Yap1 gene eliminated CD133 protein expression without interfering with Cd133 transcript expression in maternal livers. We demonstrated that maternal hepatocytes acquire heterogeneous and dynamic developmental phenotypes, resembling fetal hepatocytes, partially via YAP1 through a posttranscriptional mechanism. Moreover, maternal liver is a new source of AFP. In addition, maternal liver grows and maintains its metabolic zonation independent of the Hippo/YAP1 pathway. Our findings revealed a novel and gestation-dependent phenotypic plasticity in adult hepatocytes.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We found that maternal hepatocytes exhibit developmental phenotypes in a temporal and spatial manner, similarly to fetal hepatocytes. They acquire this new property partially via yes-associated protein 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashank Manohar Nambiar
- Department of Biology, School of Science, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Joonyong Lee
- Department of Biology, School of Science, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Jennifer Abla Yanum
- Department of Biology, School of Science, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Veronica Garcia
- Department of Biology, School of Science, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Huaizhou Jiang
- Department of Biology, School of Science, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Guoli Dai
- Department of Biology, School of Science, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana
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17
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Shang S, Liu J, Hua F. Protein acylation: mechanisms, biological functions and therapeutic targets. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:396. [PMID: 36577755 PMCID: PMC9797573 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01245-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is involved in the pathogenesis of not only cancers but also neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and infectious diseases. With the progress of metabonomics and proteomics, metabolites have been found to affect protein acylations through providing acyl groups or changing the activities of acyltransferases or deacylases. Reciprocally, protein acylation is involved in key cellular processes relevant to physiology and diseases, such as protein stability, protein subcellular localization, enzyme activity, transcriptional activity, protein-protein interactions and protein-DNA interactions. Herein, we summarize the functional diversity and mechanisms of eight kinds of nonhistone protein acylations in the physiological processes and progression of several diseases. We also highlight the recent progress in the development of inhibitors for acyltransferase, deacylase, and acylation reader proteins for their potential applications in drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Shang
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050 Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jing Liu
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050 Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Fang Hua
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050 Beijing, P.R. China
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18
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Duwe L, Fouassier L, Lafuente-Barquero J, Andersen JB. Unraveling the actin cytoskeleton in the malignant transformation of cholangiocyte biology. Transl Oncol 2022; 26:101531. [PMID: 36113344 PMCID: PMC9483793 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Correct actin cytoskeleton organization is vital in the liver organ homeostasis and disease control. Rearrangements of the actin cytoskeleton may play a vital role in the bile duct cells cholangiocytes. An abnormal actin network leads to aberrant cell morphology, deregulated signaling networks and ultimately triggering the development of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) and paving the route for cancer cell dissemination (metastasis). In this review, we will outline alterations of the actin cytoskeleton and the potential role of this dynamic network in initiating CCA, as well as regulating the course of this malignancy. Actin rearrangements not only occur because of signaling pathways, but also regulate and modify cellular signaling. This emphasizes the importance of the actin cytoskeleton itself as cause for aberrant signaling and in promoting tumorigenic phenotypes. We will highlight the impact of aberrant signaling networks on the actin cytoskeleton and its rearrangement as potential cause for CCA. Often, these exact mechanisms in CCA are limited understood and still must be elucidated. Indeed, focusing future research on how actin affects and regulates other signaling pathways may provide more insights into the mechanisms of CCA development, progression, and metastasis. Moreover, manipulation of the actin cytoskeleton organization highlights the potential for a novel therapeutic area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Duwe
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), Department of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N DK2200, Denmark
| | - Laura Fouassier
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, Paris, France
| | - Juan Lafuente-Barquero
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), Department of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N DK2200, Denmark
| | - Jesper B Andersen
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), Department of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N DK2200, Denmark.
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19
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Mitten EK, Baffy G. Mechanotransduction in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J Hepatol 2022; 77:1642-1656. [PMID: 36063966 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2022.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mechanobiology is a domain of interdisciplinary research that aims to explore the impact of physical force, applied externally or internally, on cell and tissue function, including development, growth, and differentiation. Mechanotransduction is a term that describes how cells sense physical forces (such as compression, stretch, and shear stress), convert them into biochemical signals, and mount adaptive responses integrated by the nucleus. There is accumulating evidence that mechanical forces extensively inform the biological behaviour of liver cells in health and disease. Recent research has elucidated many cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in this process including the pleiotropic control and diverse effects of the paralogous transcription co-activators YAP/TAZ, which play a prominent role in mechanotransduction. The liver sinusoids represent a unique microenvironment in which cells are exposed to mechanical cues originating in the cytoskeleton and at interfaces with adjacent cells, the extracellular matrix, and vascular or interstitial fluids. In non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), hepatocellular lipid accumulation and ballooning, activation of inflammatory responses, dysfunction of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, and transdifferentiation of hepatic stellate cells into a pro-contractile and pro-fibrotic phenotype have been associated with aberrant cycles of mechanosensing and mechanoresponses. The downstream consequences of disrupted mechanical homeostasis likely contribute to the progression of NAFLD and promote the development of portal hypertension, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Identification of molecular targets involved in pathogenic mechanotransduction will allow for the development of novel strategies to prevent the progression of liver disease in NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie K Mitten
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - György Baffy
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston MA, USA.
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20
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Qiao H, Yin H, Feng Y, Tang H. Pan-cancer analysis reveals the relationship between RCSD1 immune infiltration and clinical prognosis in human tumors. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1008778. [PMID: 36311703 PMCID: PMC9606721 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1008778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background RCSD1 is a cytoskeletal regulator that has been confirmed to undergo genetic mutations in hematological tumors, but the mechanisms of RCSD1 in pan-cancer and its impact on patient prognosis have not been studied. Methods Using TCGA, GEPIA, UALCAN, Kaplan-Meier plotters, Linkedomics, String, cBioPortal, TISIDB, TCIA and TIMER database methods, we investigated the expression of RCSD1 in human tumors and its relationship to clinical prognosis, functional analysis of co-expression networks, mutation status, and immune infiltration in cancers, especially lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC). Results The expression of RCSD1 is low in most tumors compared with normal tissues, and its high expression is associated with good patient survival. The RCSD1 co-expression network is mainly involved in the regulation of immune response. In human cancer, RCSD1 plays an important role in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and is significantly associated with the expression of immune infiltrating cells (TIL) in lung cancer. Conclusions As a prognostic biomarker of generalized cancer, RCSD1 is associated with immune infiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Qiao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hong Yin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Yan Feng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Huaping Tang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Huaping Tang,
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21
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Biochemical Pathways of Cellular Mechanosensing/Mechanotransduction and Their Role in Neurodegenerative Diseases Pathogenesis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11193093. [PMID: 36231055 PMCID: PMC9563116 DOI: 10.3390/cells11193093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, we shed light on recent advances regarding the characterization of biochemical pathways of cellular mechanosensing and mechanotransduction with particular attention to their role in neurodegenerative disease pathogenesis. While the mechanistic components of these pathways are mostly uncovered today, the crosstalk between mechanical forces and soluble intracellular signaling is still not fully elucidated. Here, we recapitulate the general concepts of mechanobiology and the mechanisms that govern the mechanosensing and mechanotransduction processes, and we examine the crosstalk between mechanical stimuli and intracellular biochemical response, highlighting their effect on cellular organelles' homeostasis and dysfunction. In particular, we discuss the current knowledge about the translation of mechanosignaling into biochemical signaling, focusing on those diseases that encompass metabolic accumulation of mutant proteins and have as primary characteristics the formation of pathological intracellular aggregates, such as Alzheimer's Disease, Huntington's Disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Parkinson's Disease. Overall, recent findings elucidate how mechanosensing and mechanotransduction pathways may be crucial to understand the pathogenic mechanisms underlying neurodegenerative diseases and emphasize the importance of these pathways for identifying potential therapeutic targets.
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22
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Liu G, Li J, Wu C. Reciprocal regulation of actin filaments and cellular metabolism. Eur J Cell Biol 2022; 101:151281. [PMID: 36343493 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2022.151281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
For cells to adhere, migrate and proliferate, remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton is required. This process consumes a large amount of ATP while having an intimate connection with cellular metabolism. Signaling pathways that regulate energy homeostasis can also affect actin dynamics, whereas a variety of actin binding proteins directly or indirectly interact with the anabolic and catabolic regulators in cells. Here, we discuss the inter-regulation between actin filaments and cellular metabolism, reviewing recent discoveries on key metabolic enzymes that respond to actin remodeling as well as historical findings on metabolic stress-induced cytoskeletal reorganization. We also address emerging techniques that would benefit the study of cytoskeletal dynamics and cellular metabolism in high spatial-temporal resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geyao Liu
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jiayi Li
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Congying Wu
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; International Cancer Institute, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
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23
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Dupont S, Wickström SA. Mechanical regulation of chromatin and transcription. Nat Rev Genet 2022; 23:624-643. [DOI: 10.1038/s41576-022-00493-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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24
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Russell JO, Camargo FD. Hippo signalling in the liver: role in development, regeneration and disease. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 19:297-312. [PMID: 35064256 PMCID: PMC9199961 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-021-00571-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The Hippo signalling pathway has emerged as a major player in many aspects of liver biology, such as development, cell fate determination, homeostatic function and regeneration from injury. The regulation of Hippo signalling is complex, with activation of the pathway by diverse upstream inputs including signals from cellular adhesion, mechanotransduction and crosstalk with other signalling pathways. Pathological activation of the downstream transcriptional co-activators yes-associated protein 1 (YAP) and transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ, encoded by WWTR1), which are negatively regulated by Hippo signalling, has been implicated in multiple aspects of chronic liver disease, such as the development of liver fibrosis and tumorigenesis. Thus, development of pharmacological inhibitors of YAP-TAZ signalling has been an area of great interest. In this Review, we summarize the diverse roles of Hippo signalling in liver biology and highlight areas where outstanding questions remain to be investigated. Greater understanding of the mechanisms of Hippo signalling in liver function should help facilitate the development of novel therapies for the treatment of liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacquelyn O Russell
- Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Fernando D Camargo
- Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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25
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Ionizing radiation-induced long noncoding RNA CRYBG3 regulates YAP/TAZ through mechanotransduction. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:209. [PMID: 35246511 PMCID: PMC8897501 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04650-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Mechanotransduction sensing of tissue architecture and cellular microenvironment is a fundamental regulator of cell fate, including cancer. Meanwhile, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play multifunctions during cancer development and treatment. However, the link between lncRNAs and cellular mechanotransduction in the context of cancer progression has not yet been elucidated. In this study, using atomic force microscopy (AFM), we find that ionizing radiation reduces tumor stiffness. Ionizing radiation-induced lncRNA CRYBG3 can blunt YAP/TAZ activity through interference with mechanotransduction, resulting in the inhibition of cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of lung cancer cells. In vivo, we found that loss of lncRNA CRYBG3 could power the tumor initiation and metastasis ability, but this was abolished by concomitant deplete TAZ. At the molecular level, lncRNA CRYBG3 that in turn dysregulates F-actin organization, activates the LATS1/2 kinase, all in all resulting in YAP/TAZ nuclear exclusion. Our research proposes that lncRNA CRYBG3 is a mediator of radiotherapy through its control of cancer-tissue mechanotransduction and wiring YAP/TAZ activity to control tumor growth and metastasis.
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26
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Romani P, Nirchio N, Arboit M, Barbieri V, Tosi A, Michielin F, Shibuya S, Benoist T, Wu D, Hindmarch CCT, Giomo M, Urciuolo A, Giamogante F, Roveri A, Chakravarty P, Montagner M, Calì T, Elvassore N, Archer SL, De Coppi P, Rosato A, Martello G, Dupont S. Mitochondrial fission links ECM mechanotransduction to metabolic redox homeostasis and metastatic chemotherapy resistance. Nat Cell Biol 2022; 24:168-180. [PMID: 35165418 PMCID: PMC7615745 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-022-00843-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Metastatic breast cancer cells disseminate to organs with a soft microenvironment. Whether and how the mechanical properties of the local tissue influence their response to treatment remains unclear. Here we found that a soft extracellular matrix empowers redox homeostasis. Cells cultured on a soft extracellular matrix display increased peri-mitochondrial F-actin, promoted by Spire1C and Arp2/3 nucleation factors, and increased DRP1- and MIEF1/2-dependent mitochondrial fission. Changes in mitochondrial dynamics lead to increased production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and activate the NRF2 antioxidant transcriptional response, including increased cystine uptake and glutathione metabolism. This retrograde response endows cells with resistance to oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species-dependent chemotherapy drugs. This is relevant in a mouse model of metastatic breast cancer cells dormant in the lung soft tissue, where inhibition of DRP1 and NRF2 restored cisplatin sensitivity and prevented disseminated cancer-cell awakening. We propose that targeting this mitochondrial dynamics- and redox-based mechanotransduction pathway could open avenues to prevent metastatic relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Romani
- Department of Molecular Medicine (DMM), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Nunzia Nirchio
- Department of Molecular Medicine (DMM), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Mattia Arboit
- Department of Biology (DiBio), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Vito Barbieri
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DiSCOG), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Anna Tosi
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Federica Michielin
- Institute of Child Health, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, UCL, London, UK
| | - Soichi Shibuya
- Institute of Child Health, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, UCL, London, UK
| | - Thomas Benoist
- Institute of Child Health, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, UCL, London, UK
| | - Danchen Wu
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Monica Giomo
- Department of Industrial Engineering (DII), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padua, Italy
| | - Anna Urciuolo
- Department of Molecular Medicine (DMM), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica (IRP), Città della Speranza, Padua, Italy
| | - Flavia Giamogante
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (DSB), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Antonella Roveri
- Department of Molecular Medicine (DMM), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Marco Montagner
- Department of Molecular Medicine (DMM), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Tito Calì
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (DSB), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Nicola Elvassore
- Institute of Child Health, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, UCL, London, UK
- Department of Industrial Engineering (DII), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padua, Italy
| | - Stephen L Archer
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paolo De Coppi
- Institute of Child Health, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, UCL, London, UK
| | - Antonio Rosato
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DiSCOG), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Sirio Dupont
- Department of Molecular Medicine (DMM), University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
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27
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Murphy R, Irnaten M, Hopkins A, O'Callaghan J, Stamer WD, Clark AF, Wallace D, O'Brien CJ. Matrix Mechanotransduction via Yes-Associated Protein in Human Lamina Cribrosa Cells in Glaucoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2022; 63:16. [PMID: 35015027 PMCID: PMC8762700 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.63.1.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Extracellular matrix stiffening is characteristic of both aging and glaucoma, and acts as a promoter and perpetuator of pathological fibrotic remodeling. Here, we investigate the role of a mechanosensitive transcriptional coactivator, Yes-associated protein (YAP), a downstream effector of multiple signaling pathways, in lamina cribrosa (LC) cell activation to a profibrotic, glaucomatous state. Methods LC cells isolated from glaucomatous human donor eyes (GLC; n = 3) were compared to LC cells from age-matched nonglaucomatous controls (NLC; n = 3) to determine differential YAP expression, protein levels, and proliferation rates. NLC cells were then cultured on soft (4 kPa), and stiff (100 kPa), collagen-1 coated polyacrylamide hydrogel substrates. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR, immunoblotting, and immunofluorescence microscopy were used to measure the expression, activity, and subcellular location of YAP and its downstream targets, respectively. Proliferation rates were examined in NLC and GLC cells by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium salt assays, across a range of incrementally increased substrate stiffness. Endpoints were examined in the presence or absence of a YAP inhibitor, verteporfin (2 µM). Results GLC cells show significantly (P < 0.05) increased YAP gene expression and total-YAP protein compared to NLC cells, with significantly increased proliferation. YAP regulation is mechanosensitive, because NLC cells cultured on pathomimetic, stiff substrates (100 kPa) show significantly upregulated YAP gene and protein expression, increased YAP phosphorylation at tyrosine 357, reduced YAP phosphorylation at serine 127, increased nuclear pooling, and increased transcriptional target, connective tissue growth factor. Accordingly, myofibroblastic markers, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and collagen type I, alpha 1 (Col1A1) are increased. Proliferation rates are elevated on 50 kPa substrates and tissue culture plastic. Verteporfin treatment significantly inhibits YAP-mediated cellular activation and proliferation despite a stiffened microenvironment. Conclusions These data demonstrate how YAP plays a pivotal role in LC cells adopting a profibrotic and proliferative phenotype in response to the stiffened LC present in aging and glaucoma. YAP provides an attractive and novel therapeutic target, and its inhibition via verteporfin warrants further clinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rory Murphy
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,Clinical Research Centre, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mustapha Irnaten
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,Clinical Research Centre, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Alan Hopkins
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,Clinical Research Centre, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jeffrey O'Callaghan
- Ocular Genetics Unit, Smurfit Institute of Genetics, University of Dublin, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Abbot F Clark
- Department of Cell Biology & Immunology and the North Texas Eye Research Institute, U. North Texas Health Science Centre, Ft. Worth, Texas, United States
| | - Deborah Wallace
- Clinical Research Centre, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Colm J O'Brien
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,Clinical Research Centre, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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28
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The YAP/TAZ Signaling Pathway in the Tumor Microenvironment and Carcinogenesis: Current Knowledge and Therapeutic Promises. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010430. [PMID: 35008857 PMCID: PMC8745604 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The yes-associated protein (YAP) and the transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) are transcriptional coactivators, members of the Hippo signaling pathway, which play a critical role in cell growth regulation, embryonic development, regeneration, proliferation, and cancer origin and progression. The mechanism involves the nuclear binding of the un-phosphorylated YAP/TAZ complex to release the transcriptional enhanced associate domain (TEAD) from its repressors. The active ternary complex is responsible for the aforementioned biological effects. Overexpression of YAP/TAZ has been reported in cancer stem cells and tumor resistance. The resistance involves chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. This review provides an overview of YAP/TAZ pathways’ role in carcinogenesis and tumor microenvironment. Potential therapeutic alternatives are also discussed.
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29
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Liu S, Lin Z. Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Mechanosensitive Regulators and Vascular Remodeling. J Vasc Res 2021; 59:90-113. [PMID: 34937033 DOI: 10.1159/000519845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood vessels are subjected to mechanical loads of pressure and flow, inducing smooth muscle circumferential and endothelial shear stresses. The perception and response of vascular tissue and living cells to these stresses and the microenvironment they are exposed to are critical to their function and survival. These mechanical stimuli not only cause morphological changes in cells and vessel walls but also can interfere with biochemical homeostasis, leading to vascular remodeling and dysfunction. However, the mechanisms underlying how these stimuli affect tissue and cellular function, including mechanical stimulation-induced biochemical signaling and mechanical transduction that relies on cytoskeletal integrity, are unclear. This review focuses on signaling pathways that regulate multiple biochemical processes in vascular mesangial smooth muscle cells in response to circumferential stress and are involved in mechanosensitive regulatory molecules in response to mechanotransduction, including ion channels, membrane receptors, integrins, cytoskeletal proteins, nuclear structures, and cascades. Mechanoactivation of these signaling pathways is closely associated with vascular remodeling in physiological or pathophysiological states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangmin Liu
- Ji Hua Institute of Biomedical Engineering Technology, Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan, China, .,Medical Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China,
| | - Zhanyi Lin
- Ji Hua Institute of Biomedical Engineering Technology, Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan, China.,Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
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30
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Hinkle ER, Essader TO, Gentile GM, Giudice J. ViaFuse: Fiji macros to calculate skeletal muscle cell viability and fusion index. Skelet Muscle 2021; 11:28. [PMID: 34915930 PMCID: PMC8675483 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-021-00284-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Measuring biological features of skeletal muscle cells is difficult because of their unique morphology and multinucleate nature upon differentiation. Here, we developed a new Fiji macro package called ViaFuse (that stands for viability and fusion) to measure skeletal muscle cell viability and differentiation. To test ViaFuse, we utilized immunofluorescence images of differentiated myotubes where the capping actin protein of muscle z-line subunit beta (CAPZB) was depleted in comparison with control cells. RESULTS We compared the values achieved using the ViaFuse macros first with manual quantification performed by researchers and second with those obtained utilizing the MATLAB muscle-centric software MyoCount. We observed a high degree of correlation between all methods of quantification. CONCLUSIONS ViaFuse can detect the borders of myotubes and identify nuclear clumps which have been limitations of previous muscle-centric imaging software. The ViaFuse macros require little computer power or space to run and user inputs to the ViaFuse macros are minimal, thereby automating the analysis process in a quick, easy, and accurate fashion. Additionally, the ViaFuse macros work with Fiji, an existing imaging software widely used by skeletal muscle researchers. Furthermore, ViaFuse is compatible with many computer systems, has a very intuitive interface, and does not require prior complex mathematical knowledge. Therefore, we propose ViaFuse as a robust and meticulous method to quantify skeletal muscle cell viability and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Rose Hinkle
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology (GMB), The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Tasneem Omar Essader
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Gabrielle Marie Gentile
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology (GMB), The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Jimena Giudice
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology (GMB), The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- McAllister Heart Institute, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
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31
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Wang D, Ye Z, Wei W, Yu J, Huang L, Zhang H, Yue J. Capping protein regulates endosomal trafficking by controlling F-actin density around endocytic vesicles and recruiting RAB5 effectors. eLife 2021; 10:65910. [PMID: 34796874 PMCID: PMC8654373 DOI: 10.7554/elife.65910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Actin filaments (F-actin) have been implicated in various steps of endosomal trafficking, and the length of F-actin is controlled by actin capping proteins, such as CapZ, which is a stable heterodimeric protein complex consisting of α and β subunits. However, the role of these capping proteins in endosomal trafficking remains elusive. Here, we found that CapZ docks to endocytic vesicles via its C-terminal actin-binding motif. CapZ knockout significantly increases the F-actin density around immature early endosomes, and this impedes fusion between these vesicles, manifested by the accumulation of small endocytic vesicles in CapZ-knockout cells. CapZ also recruits several RAB5 effectors, such as Rabaptin-5 and Rabex-5, to RAB5-positive early endosomes via its N-terminal domain, and this further activates RAB5. Collectively, our results indicate that CapZ regulates endosomal trafficking by controlling actin density around early endosomes and recruiting RAB5 effectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Wang
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zuodong Ye
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wenjie Wei
- Core Research Facilities, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jingting Yu
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lihong Huang
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hongmin Zhang
- Department of Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianbo Yue
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,City University of Hong Kong Chengdu Research Institute, Chengdu, China
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32
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Napoletano F, Ferrari Bravo G, Voto IAP, Santin A, Celora L, Campaner E, Dezi C, Bertossi A, Valentino E, Santorsola M, Rustighi A, Fajner V, Maspero E, Ansaloni F, Cancila V, Valenti CF, Santo M, Artimagnella OB, Finaurini S, Gioia U, Polo S, Sanges R, Tripodo C, Mallamaci A, Gustincich S, d'Adda di Fagagna F, Mantovani F, Specchia V, Del Sal G. The prolyl-isomerase PIN1 is essential for nuclear Lamin-B structure and function and protects heterochromatin under mechanical stress. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109694. [PMID: 34525372 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromatin organization plays a crucial role in tissue homeostasis. Heterochromatin relaxation and consequent unscheduled mobilization of transposable elements (TEs) are emerging as key contributors of aging and aging-related pathologies, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cancer. However, the mechanisms governing heterochromatin maintenance or its relaxation in pathological conditions remain poorly understood. Here we show that PIN1, the only phosphorylation-specific cis/trans prolyl isomerase, whose loss is associated with premature aging and AD, is essential to preserve heterochromatin. We demonstrate that this PIN1 function is conserved from Drosophila to humans and prevents TE mobilization-dependent neurodegeneration and cognitive defects. Mechanistically, PIN1 maintains nuclear type-B Lamin structure and anchoring function for heterochromatin protein 1α (HP1α). This mechanism prevents nuclear envelope alterations and heterochromatin relaxation under mechanical stress, which is a key contributor to aging-related pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Napoletano
- Laboratorio Nazionale CIB (LNCIB), Area Science Park, Padriciano 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy; Department of Life Sciences (DSV), University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Gloria Ferrari Bravo
- Laboratorio Nazionale CIB (LNCIB), Area Science Park, Padriciano 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy; Department of Life Sciences (DSV), University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Ilaria Anna Pia Voto
- Laboratorio Nazionale CIB (LNCIB), Area Science Park, Padriciano 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Aurora Santin
- Laboratorio Nazionale CIB (LNCIB), Area Science Park, Padriciano 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Lucia Celora
- Laboratorio Nazionale CIB (LNCIB), Area Science Park, Padriciano 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Elena Campaner
- Laboratorio Nazionale CIB (LNCIB), Area Science Park, Padriciano 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy; Department of Life Sciences (DSV), University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Clara Dezi
- Department of Life Sciences (DSV), University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Arianna Bertossi
- Laboratorio Nazionale CIB (LNCIB), Area Science Park, Padriciano 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy; Department of Life Sciences (DSV), University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Elena Valentino
- Laboratorio Nazionale CIB (LNCIB), Area Science Park, Padriciano 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Mariangela Santorsola
- Laboratorio Nazionale CIB (LNCIB), Area Science Park, Padriciano 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy; Department of Life Sciences (DSV), University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Alessandra Rustighi
- Laboratorio Nazionale CIB (LNCIB), Area Science Park, Padriciano 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy; Department of Life Sciences (DSV), University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Elena Maspero
- FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology (IFOM), 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Ansaloni
- Area of Neuroscience, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), 34146 Trieste, Italy
| | - Valeria Cancila
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Department of Health Science, Human Pathology Section, School of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Cesare Fabio Valenti
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Department of Health Science, Human Pathology Section, School of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Manuela Santo
- Area of Neuroscience, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), 34146 Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Sara Finaurini
- Area of Neuroscience, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), 34146 Trieste, Italy
| | - Ubaldo Gioia
- FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology (IFOM), 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Polo
- FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology (IFOM), 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Remo Sanges
- Area of Neuroscience, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), 34146 Trieste, Italy
| | - Claudio Tripodo
- FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology (IFOM), 20139 Milan, Italy; Tumor Immunology Unit, Department of Health Science, Human Pathology Section, School of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonello Mallamaci
- Area of Neuroscience, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), 34146 Trieste, Italy
| | - Stefano Gustincich
- Area of Neuroscience, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), 34146 Trieste, Italy; Central RNA Laboratory, Italian Institute of Technology, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Fabrizio d'Adda di Fagagna
- FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology (IFOM), 20139 Milan, Italy; Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Institute (CNR), Pavia, Italy
| | - Fiamma Mantovani
- Laboratorio Nazionale CIB (LNCIB), Area Science Park, Padriciano 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy; Department of Life Sciences (DSV), University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Valeria Specchia
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Giannino Del Sal
- Laboratorio Nazionale CIB (LNCIB), Area Science Park, Padriciano 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy; Department of Life Sciences (DSV), University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology (IFOM), 20139 Milan, Italy.
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33
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Engel-Pizcueta C, Pujades C. Interplay Between Notch and YAP/TAZ Pathways in the Regulation of Cell Fate During Embryo Development. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:711531. [PMID: 34490262 PMCID: PMC8417249 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.711531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells in growing tissues receive both biochemical and physical cues from their microenvironment. Growing evidence has shown that mechanical signals are fundamental regulators of cell behavior. However, how physical properties of the microenvironment are transduced into critical cell behaviors, such as proliferation, progenitor maintenance, or differentiation during development, is still poorly understood. The transcriptional co-activators YAP/TAZ shuttle between the cytoplasm and the nucleus in response to multiple inputs and have emerged as important regulators of tissue growth and regeneration. YAP/TAZ sense and transduce physical cues, such as those from the extracellular matrix or the actomyosin cytoskeleton, to regulate gene expression, thus allowing them to function as gatekeepers of progenitor behavior in several developmental contexts. The Notch pathway is a key signaling pathway that controls binary cell fate decisions through cell-cell communication in a context-dependent manner. Recent reports now suggest that the crosstalk between these two pathways is critical for maintaining the balance between progenitor maintenance and cell differentiation in different tissues. How this crosstalk integrates with morphogenesis and changes in tissue architecture during development is still an open question. Here, we discuss how progenitor cell proliferation, specification, and differentiation are coordinated with morphogenesis to construct a functional organ. We will pay special attention to the interplay between YAP/TAZ and Notch signaling pathways in determining cell fate decisions and discuss whether this represents a general mechanism of regulating cell fate during development. We will focus on research carried out in vertebrate embryos that demonstrate the important roles of mechanical cues in stem cell biology and discuss future challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn Engel-Pizcueta
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Pujades
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
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34
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Pocaterra A, Scattolin G, Romani P, Ament C, Ribback S, Chen X, Evert M, Calvisi DF, Dupont S. Fascin1 empowers YAP mechanotransduction and promotes cholangiocarcinoma development. Commun Biol 2021; 4:763. [PMID: 34155338 PMCID: PMC8217270 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02286-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical forces control cell behavior, including cancer progression. Cells sense forces through actomyosin to activate YAP. However, the regulators of F-actin dynamics playing relevant roles during mechanostransduction in vitro and in vivo remain poorly characterized. Here we identify the Fascin1 F-actin bundling protein as a factor that sustains YAP activation in response to ECM mechanical cues. This is conserved in the mouse liver, where Fascin1 regulates YAP-dependent phenotypes, and in human cholangiocarcinoma cell lines. Moreover, this is relevant for liver tumorigenesis, because Fascin1 is required in the AKT/NICD cholangiocarcinogenesis model and it is sufficient, together with AKT, to induce cholangiocellular lesions in mice, recapitulating genetic YAP requirements. In support of these findings, Fascin1 expression in human intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas strongly correlates with poor patient prognosis. We propose that Fascin1 represents a pro-oncogenic mechanism that can be exploited during intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma development to overcome a mechanical tumor-suppressive environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Pocaterra
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua Medical School, Padua, Italy
| | - Gloria Scattolin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua Medical School, Padua, Italy
| | - Patrizia Romani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua Medical School, Padua, Italy
| | - Cindy Ament
- Institute of Pathology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Silvia Ribback
- Institute of Pathology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences and Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Matthias Evert
- Institute of Pathology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Diego F Calvisi
- Institute of Pathology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Sirio Dupont
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua Medical School, Padua, Italy.
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35
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Qin W, Qi F, Li J, Li P, Zang YS. Prognostic Biomarkers on a Competitive Endogenous RNA Network Reveals Overall Survival in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:681946. [PMID: 34178671 PMCID: PMC8232227 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.681946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to construct a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory network using differentially expressed long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and mRNAs in patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and to construct a prognostic model for predicting overall survival (OS) in patients with TNBC. Differentially expressed lncRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs in TNBC patients from the TCGA and Metabric databases were examined. A prognostic model based on prognostic scores (PSs) was established for predicting OS in TNBC patients, and the performance of the model was assessed by a recipient that operated on a distinctive curve. A total of 874 differentially expressed RNAs (DERs) were screened, among which 6 lncRNAs, 295 miRNAs and 573 mRNAs were utilized to construct targeted and coexpression ceRNA regulatory networks. Eight differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with survival prognosis, DBX2, MYH7, TARDBP, POU4F1, ABCB11, LHFPL5, TRHDE and TIMP4, were identified by multivariate Cox regression and then used to establish a prognostic model. Our study shows that the ceRNA network has a critical role in maintaining the aggressiveness of TNBC and provides comprehensive molecular-level insight for predicting individual mortality hazards for TNBC patients. Our data suggest that these prognostic mRNAs from the ceRNA network are promising therapeutic targets for clinical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxing Qin
- Department of Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Qi
- Department of Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Li
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan-Sheng Zang
- Department of Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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36
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New Insights into YES-Associated Protein Signaling Pathways in Hematological Malignancies: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13081981. [PMID: 33924049 PMCID: PMC8073623 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13081981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary YES-associated protein (YAP) is a co-transcriptional activator that binds to transcriptional factors to increase the rate of transcription of a set of genes, and it can intervene in the onset and progression of different tumors. Most of the data in the literature refer to the effects of the YAP system in solid neoplasms. In this review, we analyze the possibility that YAP can also intervene in hematological neoplasms such as lymphomas, multiple myeloma, and acute and chronic leukemias, modifying the phenomena of cell proliferation and cell death. The possibilities of pharmacological intervention related to the YAP system in an attempt to use its modulation therapeutically are also discussed. Abstract The Hippo/YES-associated protein (YAP) signaling pathway is a cell survival and proliferation-control system with its main activity that of regulating cell growth and organ volume. YAP operates as a transcriptional coactivator in regulating the onset, progression, and treatment response in numerous human tumors. Moreover, there is evidence suggesting the involvement of YAP in the control of the hematopoietic system, in physiological conditions rather than in hematological diseases. Nevertheless, several reports have proposed that the effects of YAP in tumor cells are cell-dependent and cell-type-determined, even if YAP usually interrelates with extracellular signaling to stimulate the onset and progression of tumors. In the present review, we report the most recent findings in the literature on the relationship between the YAP system and hematological neoplasms. Moreover, we evaluate the possible therapeutic use of the modulation of the YAP system in the treatment of malignancies. Given the effects of the YAP system in immunosurveillance, tumorigenesis, and chemoresistance, further studies on interactions between the YAP system and hematological malignancies will offer very relevant information for the targeting of these diseases employing YAP modifiers alone or in combination with chemotherapy drugs.
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37
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Ibar C, Irvine KD. Integration of Hippo-YAP Signaling with Metabolism. Dev Cell 2021; 54:256-267. [PMID: 32693058 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2020.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The Hippo-Yes-associated protein (YAP) signaling network plays a central role as an integrator of signals that control cellular proliferation and differentiation. The past several years have provided an increasing appreciation and understanding of the diverse mechanisms through which metabolites and metabolic signals influence Hippo-YAP signaling, and how Hippo-YAP signaling, in turn, controls genes that direct cellular and organismal metabolism. These connections enable Hippo-YAP signaling to coordinate organ growth and homeostasis with nutrition and metabolism. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of some of the many interconnections between Hippo-YAP signaling and metabolism and how they are affected in disease conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Consuelo Ibar
- Waksman Institute and Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Kenneth D Irvine
- Waksman Institute and Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
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38
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Romani P, Valcarcel-Jimenez L, Frezza C, Dupont S. Crosstalk between mechanotransduction and metabolism. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2021; 22:22-38. [PMID: 33188273 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-020-00306-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mechanical forces shape cells and tissues during development and adult homeostasis. In addition, they also signal to cells via mechanotransduction pathways to control cell proliferation, differentiation and death. These processes require metabolism of nutrients for both energy generation and biosynthesis of macromolecules. However, how cellular mechanics and metabolism are connected is still poorly understood. Here, we discuss recent evidence indicating how the mechanical cues exerted by the extracellular matrix (ECM), cell-ECM and cell-cell adhesion complexes influence metabolic pathways. Moreover, we explore the energy and metabolic requirements associated with cell mechanics and ECM remodelling, implicating a reciprocal crosstalk between cell mechanics and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Romani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua Medical School, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Christian Frezza
- MRC Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Sirio Dupont
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua Medical School, Padua, Italy.
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39
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mTOR plays a pivotal role in multiple processes of enamel organ development principally through the mTORC1 pathway and in part via regulating cytoskeleton dynamics. Dev Biol 2020; 467:77-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2020.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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40
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Tong Z, Liu Y, Xia R, Chang Y, Hu Y, Liu P, Zhai Z, Zhang J, Li H. F-actin Regulates Osteoblastic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on TiO 2 Nanotubes Through MKL1 and YAP/TAZ. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2020; 15:183. [PMID: 32965618 PMCID: PMC7511505 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-020-03415-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Titanium and titanium alloys are widely used in orthopedic implants. Modifying the nanotopography provides a new strategy to improve osseointegration of titanium substrates. Filamentous actin (F-actin) polymerization, as a mechanical loading structure, is generally considered to be involved in cell migration, endocytosis, cell division, and cell shape maintenance. Whether F-actin is involved and how it functions in nanotube-induced osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) remain to be elucidated. In this study, we fabricated TiO2 nanotubes on the surface of a titanium substrate by anodic oxidation and characterized their features by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray energy dispersive analysis (EDS), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, Western blotting, qRT-PCR, and immunofluorescence staining were performed to explore the osteogenic potential, the level of F-actin, and the expression of MKL1 and YAP/TAZ. Our results showed that the inner diameter and roughness of TiO2 nanotubes increased with the increase of the anodic oxidation voltage from 30 to 70 V, while their height was 2 μm consistently. Further, the larger the tube diameter, the stronger the ability of TiO2 nanotubes to promote osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. Inhibiting F-actin polymerization by Cyto D inhibited osteogenic differentiation of MSCs as well as the expression of proteins contained in focal adhesion complexes such as vinculin (VCL) and focal adhesion kinase (FAK). In contrast, after Jasp treatment, polymerization of F-actin enhanced the expression of RhoA and transcription factors YAP/TAZ. Based on these data, we concluded that TiO2 nanotubes facilitated the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs, and this ability was enhanced with the increasing diameter of the nanotubes within a certain range (30-70 V). F-actin mediated this process through MKL1 and YAP/TAZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng Tong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanchang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Runzhi Xia
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongyun Chang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengcheng Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Zanjing Zhai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingwei Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiwu Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China.
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41
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Oliva-Vilarnau N, Vorrink SU, Ingelman-Sundberg M, Lauschke VM. A 3D Cell Culture Model Identifies Wnt/ β-Catenin Mediated Inhibition of p53 as a Critical Step during Human Hepatocyte Regeneration. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:2000248. [PMID: 32775153 PMCID: PMC7404138 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202000248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The liver is a highly regenerative organ. While mature hepatocytes under homeostatic conditions are largely quiescent, upon injury, they rapidly enter the cell cycle to recover the damaged tissue. In rodents, a variety of injury models have provided important insights into the molecular underpinnings that govern the proliferative activation of quiescent hepatocytes. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms of human hepatocyte regeneration and experimental methods to expand primary human hepatocytes (PHH). Here, a 3D spheroid model of PHH is established to study hepatocyte regeneration and integrative time-lapse multi-omics analyses show that upon isolation from the native liver PHH acquire a regenerative phenotype, as seen in vivo upon partial hepatectomy. However, proliferation is limited. By analyzing global promoter motif activities, it is predicted that activation of Wnt/β-catenin and inhibition of p53 signaling are critical factors required for human hepatocyte proliferation. Functional validations reveal that activation of Wnt signaling through external cues alone is sufficient to inhibit p53 and its proliferative senescence-inducing target PAI1 (SERPINE1) and drive proliferation of >50% of all PHH. A scalable 3D culture model is established to study the molecular and cellular biology of human hepatocyte regeneration. By using this model, an essential role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling during human hepatocyte regeneration is identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Oliva-Vilarnau
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Karolinska Institutet Stockholm 171 77 Sweden
| | - Sabine U Vorrink
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Karolinska Institutet Stockholm 171 77 Sweden
| | | | - Volker M Lauschke
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Karolinska Institutet Stockholm 171 77 Sweden
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42
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Serna-Márquez N, Rodríguez-Hernández A, Ayala-Reyes M, Martínez-Hernández LO, Peña-Rico MÁ, Carretero-Ortega J, Hautefeuille M, Vázquez-Victorio G. Fibrillar Collagen Type I Participates in the Survival and Aggregation of Primary Hepatocytes Cultured on Soft Hydrogels. Biomimetics (Basel) 2020; 5:E30. [PMID: 32630500 PMCID: PMC7345357 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics5020030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver is an essential organ that carries out multiple functions such as glycogen storage, the synthesis of plasma proteins, and the detoxification of xenobiotics. Hepatocytes are the parenchyma that sustain almost all the functions supported by this organ. Hepatocytes and non-parenchymal cells respond to the mechanical alterations that occur in the extracellular matrix (ECM) caused by organogenesis and regenerating processes. Rearrangements of the ECM modify the composition and mechanical properties that result in specific dedifferentiation programs inside the hepatic cells. Quiescent hepatocytes are embedded in the soft ECM, which contains an important concentration of fibrillar collagens in combination with a basement membrane-associated matrix (BM). This work aims to evaluate the role of fibrillar collagens and BM on actin cytoskeleton organization and the function of rat primary hepatocytes cultured on soft elastic polyacrylamide hydrogels (PAA HGs). We used rat tail collagen type I and Matrigel® as references of fibrillar collagens and BM respectively and mixed different percentages of collagen type I in combination with BM. We also used peptides obtained from decellularized liver matrices (dECM). Remarkably, hepatocytes showed a poor adhesion in the absence of collagen on soft PAA HGs. We demonstrated that collagen type I inhibited apoptosis and activated extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) in primary hepatocytes cultured on soft hydrogels. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) was not able to rescue cell viability in conjugated BM but affected cell aggregation in soft PAA HGs conjugated with combinations of different proportions of collagen and BM. Interestingly, actin cytoskeleton was localized and preserved close to plasma membrane (cortical actin) and proximal to intercellular ducts (canaliculi-like structures) in soft conditions; however, albumin protein expression was not preserved, even though primary hepatocytes did not remodel their actin cytoskeleton significantly in soft conditions. This investigation highlights the important role of fibrillar collagens on soft hydrogels for the maintenance of survival and aggregation of the hepatocytes. Data suggest evaluating the conditions that allow the establishment of optimal biomimetic environments for physiology and cell biology studies, where the phenotype of primary cells may be preserved for longer periods of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalia Serna-Márquez
- Laboratorio Nacional de Soluciones Biomiméticas para Diagnóstico y Terapia (LaNSBioDyT), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Ciudad de México CP 04510, Mexico; (N.S.-M.); (A.R.-H.); (M.A.-R.); (L.O.M.-H.); (J.C.-O.); (M.H.)
| | - Adriana Rodríguez-Hernández
- Laboratorio Nacional de Soluciones Biomiméticas para Diagnóstico y Terapia (LaNSBioDyT), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Ciudad de México CP 04510, Mexico; (N.S.-M.); (A.R.-H.); (M.A.-R.); (L.O.M.-H.); (J.C.-O.); (M.H.)
| | - Marisol Ayala-Reyes
- Laboratorio Nacional de Soluciones Biomiméticas para Diagnóstico y Terapia (LaNSBioDyT), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Ciudad de México CP 04510, Mexico; (N.S.-M.); (A.R.-H.); (M.A.-R.); (L.O.M.-H.); (J.C.-O.); (M.H.)
| | - Lorena Omega Martínez-Hernández
- Laboratorio Nacional de Soluciones Biomiméticas para Diagnóstico y Terapia (LaNSBioDyT), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Ciudad de México CP 04510, Mexico; (N.S.-M.); (A.R.-H.); (M.A.-R.); (L.O.M.-H.); (J.C.-O.); (M.H.)
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad del Papaloapan, Tuxtepec CP 68301, Oaxaca, Mexico;
| | - Miguel Ángel Peña-Rico
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad del Papaloapan, Tuxtepec CP 68301, Oaxaca, Mexico;
| | - Jorge Carretero-Ortega
- Laboratorio Nacional de Soluciones Biomiméticas para Diagnóstico y Terapia (LaNSBioDyT), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Ciudad de México CP 04510, Mexico; (N.S.-M.); (A.R.-H.); (M.A.-R.); (L.O.M.-H.); (J.C.-O.); (M.H.)
| | - Mathieu Hautefeuille
- Laboratorio Nacional de Soluciones Biomiméticas para Diagnóstico y Terapia (LaNSBioDyT), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Ciudad de México CP 04510, Mexico; (N.S.-M.); (A.R.-H.); (M.A.-R.); (L.O.M.-H.); (J.C.-O.); (M.H.)
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Ciudad de México CP 04510, Mexico
| | - Genaro Vázquez-Victorio
- Laboratorio Nacional de Soluciones Biomiméticas para Diagnóstico y Terapia (LaNSBioDyT), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Ciudad de México CP 04510, Mexico; (N.S.-M.); (A.R.-H.); (M.A.-R.); (L.O.M.-H.); (J.C.-O.); (M.H.)
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Ciudad de México CP 04510, Mexico
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Montagner M, Bhome R, Hooper S, Chakravarty P, Qin X, Sufi J, Bhargava A, Ratcliffe CDH, Naito Y, Pocaterra A, Tape CJ, Sahai E. Crosstalk with lung epithelial cells regulates Sfrp2-mediated latency in breast cancer dissemination. Nat Cell Biol 2020; 22:289-296. [PMID: 32094692 PMCID: PMC7610690 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-020-0474-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The process of metastasis is complex1. In breast cancer, there are frequently long time intervals between cells leaving the primary tumour and growth of overt metastases2,3. Reasons for disease indolence and subsequent transition back to aggressive growth include interactions with myeloid and fibroblastic cells in the tumour microenvironment and ongoing immune surveillance4-6. However, the signals that cause actively growing cells to enter an indolent state, thereby enabling them to survive for extended periods of time, are not well understood. Here we reveal how the behaviour of indolent breast cancer cells in the lung is determined by their interactions with alveolar epithelial cells, in particular alveolar type 1 cells. This promotes the formation of fibronectin fibrils by indolent cells that drive integrin-dependent pro-survival signals. Combined in vivo RNA sequencing and drop-out screening identified secreted frizzled-related protein 2 (SFRP2) as a key mediator of this interaction. Sfrp2 is induced in breast cancer cells by signals from lung epithelial cells and promotes fibronectin fibril formation and survival, whereas blockade of Sfrp2 expression reduces the burden of indolent disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Montagner
- Tumour Cell Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padova, Italy.
| | - Rahul Bhome
- Tumour Cell Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Steven Hooper
- Tumour Cell Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | | | - Xiao Qin
- Cell Communication Lab, Department of Oncology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Jahangir Sufi
- Cell Communication Lab, Department of Oncology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Ajay Bhargava
- Tumour Cell Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | | | - Yutaka Naito
- Tumour Cell Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Arianna Pocaterra
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
| | - Christopher J Tape
- Cell Communication Lab, Department of Oncology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Erik Sahai
- Tumour Cell Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
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Zhang C, Wang F, Gao Z, Zhang P, Gao J, Wu X. Regulation of Hippo Signaling by Mechanical Signals and the Cytoskeleton. DNA Cell Biol 2020; 39:159-166. [PMID: 31821009 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2019.5087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Cong Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Surgery Research Center, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- State Education Ministry Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zengxin Gao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing Lishui People’s Hospital, Nanjing, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongda Hospital, Lishui Branch, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Pei Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiawei Gao
- Surgery Research Center, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- State Education Ministry Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaotao Wu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Surgery Research Center, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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45
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Pocaterra A, Romani P, Dupont S. YAP/TAZ functions and their regulation at a glance. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:133/2/jcs230425. [PMID: 31996398 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.230425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
YAP and TAZ proteins are transcriptional coactivators encoded by paralogous genes, which shuttle between the cytoplasm and the nucleus in response to multiple inputs, including the Hippo pathway. In the nucleus, they pair with DNA-binding factors of the TEAD family to regulate gene expression. Nuclear YAP/TAZ promote cell proliferation, organ overgrowth, survival to stress and dedifferentiation of post-mitotic cells into their respective tissue progenitors. YAP/TAZ are required for growth of embryonic tissues, wound healing and organ regeneration, where they are activated by cell-intrinsic and extrinsic cues. Surprisingly, this activity is dispensable in many adult self-renewing tissues, where YAP/TAZ are constantly kept in check. YAP/TAZ lay at the center of a complex regulatory network including cell-autonomous factors but also cell- and tissue-level structural features such as the mechanical properties of the cell microenvironment, the establishment of cell-cell junctions and of basolateral tissue polarity. Enhanced levels and activity of YAP/TAZ are observed in many cancers, where they sustain tumor growth, drug resistance and malignancy. In this Cell Science at a Glance article and the accompanying poster, we review the biological functions of YAP/TAZ and their regulatory mechanisms, and highlight their position at the center of a complex signaling network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Pocaterra
- University of Padova, Department of Molecular Medicine, via Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Patrizia Romani
- University of Padova, Department of Molecular Medicine, via Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Sirio Dupont
- University of Padova, Department of Molecular Medicine, via Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
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46
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Xie W, Chen C, Han Z, Huang J, Liu X, Chen H, Zhang T, Chen S, Chen C, Lu M, Shen X, Xue X. CD2AP inhibits metastasis in gastric cancer by promoting cellular adhesion and cytoskeleton assembly. Mol Carcinog 2020; 59:339-352. [PMID: 31989722 PMCID: PMC7078920 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Diffuse gastric cancer (DGC) is a lethal malignancy lacking effective systemic therapy. Among the most provocative recent results in DGC has been that the alter of the cellular cytoskeleton and intercellular adhesion. CD2‐associated protein (CD2AP) is one of the critical proteins regulating cytoskeleton assembly and intercellular adhesion. However, no study has investigated the expression and biological significance of CD2AP in gastric cancer (GC) to date. Therefore, the aim of our study was to explore if the expression of CD2AP is associated with any clinical features of GC and to elucidate the underlying mechanism. Immunohistochemistry of 620 patient tissue samples indicated that the expression of CD2AP is downregulated in DGC. Moreover, a low CD2AP level was indicative of poor patient prognosis. In vitro, forced expression of CD2AP caused a significant decrease in the migration and invasion of GC cells, whereas depletion of CD2AP had the opposite effect. Immunofluorescence analysis indicated that CD2AP promoted cellular adhesion and influenced cell cytoskeleton assembly via interaction with the F‐actin capping protein CAPZA1. Overall, the upregulation of CD2AP could attenuate GC metastasis, suggesting CD2AP as a novel biomarker for the prognosis and treatment of patients with GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangkai Xie
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Institute of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Institute of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Oncology, Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zheng Han
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Institute of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Huang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Institute of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hongjun Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Institute of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Teming Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Institute of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Sian Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chenbin Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Institute of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Mingdong Lu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xian Shen
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiangyang Xue
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Institute of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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47
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Montagner M, Dupont S. Mechanical Forces as Determinants of Disseminated Metastatic Cell Fate. Cells 2020; 9:E250. [PMID: 31963820 PMCID: PMC7016729 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Disseminated metastatic cancer cells represent one of the most relevant causes of disease relapse and associated death for cancer patients, and a therapeutic target of the highest priority. Still, our understanding of how disseminated cancer cells survive in the foreign metastatic environment, and eventually cause metastatic outgrowth, remains rather limited. In this review we focus on the cell microenvironment as a key regulator of cell behavior at the metastatic site, and especially on the mechanical properties of the extracellular matrix and associated integrin signaling. We discuss available evidence pointing to a pervasive role of extracellular matrix (ECM) mechanical properties in regulating cancer cell proliferation and survival after dissemination, and propose that this might represent an important bottleneck for cells invading and establishing into a novel tissue. We point to the known molecular players, how these might contribute to modulate the mechanical properties of the metastatic environment, and the response of cells to these cues. Finally, we propose that emerging knowledge on the physical interaction of disseminated metastatic cells and on the downstream mechanotransduction pathways, including YAP/TAZ (Yes-associated protein-1 and WW-domain transcription activator 1) and MRTFs (Myocardin-related transcription factors), may help to identify novel approaches for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Montagner
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, via Bassi 58/B, zip 35121 Padua, Italy
| | - Sirio Dupont
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, via Bassi 58/B, zip 35121 Padua, Italy
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48
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The Cytoskeleton as Regulator of Cell Signaling Pathways. Trends Biochem Sci 2019; 45:96-107. [PMID: 31812462 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2019.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
During interphase, filamentous actin, microtubules, and intermediate filaments regulate cell shape, motility, transport, and interactions with the environment. These activities rely on signaling events that control cytoskeleton properties. Recent studies uncovered mechanisms that go far beyond this one-directional flow of information. Thus, the three branches of the cytoskeleton impinge on signaling pathways to determine their activities. We propose that this regulatory role of the cytoskeleton provides sophisticated mechanisms to control the spatiotemporal output and the intensity of signaling events. Specific examples emphasize these emerging contributions of the cytoskeleton to cell physiology. In our opinion, further exploration of these pathways will uncover new concepts of cellular communication that originate from the cytoskeleton.
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49
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Dasgupta I, McCollum D. Control of cellular responses to mechanical cues through YAP/TAZ regulation. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:17693-17706. [PMID: 31594864 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.rev119.007963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To perceive their three-dimensional environment, cells and tissues must be able to sense and interpret various physical forces like shear, tensile, and compression stress. These forces can be generated both internally and externally in response to physical properties, like substrate stiffness, cell contractility, and forces generated by adjacent cells. Mechanical cues have important roles in cell fate decisions regarding proliferation, survival, and differentiation as well as the processes of tissue regeneration and wound repair. Aberrant remodeling of the extracellular space and/or defects in properly responding to mechanical cues likely contributes to various disease states, such as fibrosis, muscle diseases, and cancer. Mechanotransduction involves the sensing and translation of mechanical forces into biochemical signals, like activation of specific genes and signaling cascades that enable cells to adapt to their physical environment. The signaling pathways involved in mechanical signaling are highly complex, but numerous studies have highlighted a central role for the Hippo pathway and other signaling networks in regulating the YAP and TAZ (YAP/TAZ) proteins to mediate the effects of mechanical stimuli on cellular behavior. How mechanical cues control YAP/TAZ has been poorly understood. However, rapid progress in the last few years is beginning to reveal a surprisingly diverse set of pathways for controlling YAP/TAZ. In this review, we will focus on how mechanical perturbations are sensed through changes in the actin cytoskeleton and mechanosensors at focal adhesions, adherens junctions, and the nuclear envelope to regulate YAP/TAZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishani Dasgupta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605
| | - Dannel McCollum
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605
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50
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Pan S, Shah SD, Panettieri RA, Deshpande DA. Bnip3 regulates airway smooth muscle cell focal adhesion and proliferation. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2019; 317:L758-L767. [PMID: 31509440 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00224.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased airway smooth muscle (ASM) mass is a key contributor to airway narrowing and airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma. Besides conventional pathways and regulators of ASM proliferation, recent studies suggest that changes in mitochondrial morphology and function play a role in airway remodeling in asthma. In this study, we aimed at determining the role of mitochondrial Bcl-2 adenovirus E1B 19 kDa-interacting protein, Bnip3, in the regulation of ASM proliferation. Bnip3 is a member of the Bcl-2 family of proteins critical for mitochondrial health, mitophagy, and cell survival/death. We found that Bnip3 expression is upregulated in ASM cells from asthmatic donors compared with that in ASM cells from healthy donors and transient downregulation of Bnip3 expression in primary human ASM cells using an siRNA approach decreased cell adhesion, migration, and proliferation. Furthermore, Bnip3 downregulation altered the structure (electron density) and function (cellular ATP levels, membrane potential, and reacitve oxygen species generation) of mitochondria and decreased expression of cytoskeleton proteins vinculin, paxillin, and actinin. These findings suggest that Bnip3 via regulation of mitochondria functions and expression of adhesion proteins regulates ASM adhesion, migration, and proliferation. This study reveals a novel role for Bnip3 in ASM functions and establishes Bnip3 as a potential target in mitigating ASM remodeling in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Pan
- Center for Translational Medicine, Jane and Leonard Korman Lung Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sushrut D Shah
- Center for Translational Medicine, Jane and Leonard Korman Lung Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Reynold A Panettieri
- Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine and Science, Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Deepak A Deshpande
- Center for Translational Medicine, Jane and Leonard Korman Lung Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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