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Zhu H, Yu H, Zhou H, Zhu W, Wang X. Elevated Nuclear PHGDH Synergistically Functions with cMyc to Reshape the Immune Microenvironment of Liver Cancer. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023:e2205818. [PMID: 37078828 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202205818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we observed that nuclear localization of phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) is associated with poor prognosis in liver cancer, and Phgdh is required for liver cancer progression in a mouse model. Unexpectedly, impairment of Phgdh enzyme activity exerts a slight effect in a liver cancer model. In liver cancer cells, the aspartate kinase-chorismate mutase-tyrA prephenate dehydrogenase (ACT) domain of PHGDH binds nuclear cMyc to form a transactivation axis, PHGDH/p300/cMyc/AF9, which drives chemokine CXCL1 and IL8 gene expression. Then, CXCL1 and IL8 promote neutrophil recruitment and enhance tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) filtration in the liver, thereby advancing liver cancer. Forced cytosolic localization of PHGDH or destruction of the PHGDH/cMyc interaction abolishes the oncogenic function of nuclear PHGDH. Depletion of neutrophils by neutralizing antibodies greatly hampers TAM filtration. These findings reveal a nonmetabolic role of PHGDH with altered cellular localization and suggest a promising drug target for liver cancer therapy by targeting the nonmetabolic region of PHGDH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwen Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hua Yu
- Precise Genome Engineering Center, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Hu Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wencheng Zhu
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Xiongjun Wang
- Precise Genome Engineering Center, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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Sanchez-Moral L, Paul T, Martori C, Font-Díaz J, Sanjurjo L, Aran G, Téllez É, Blanco J, Carrillo J, Ito M, Tuttolomondo M, Ditzel HJ, Fumagalli C, Tapia G, Sidorova J, Masnou H, Fernández-Sanmartín MA, Lozano JJ, Vilaplana C, Rodriguez-Cortés A, Armengol C, Valledor AF, Kremer L, Sarrias MR. Macrophage CD5L is a target for cancer immunotherapy. EBioMedicine 2023; 91:104555. [PMID: 37054630 PMCID: PMC10139961 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reprogramming of immunosuppressive tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) presents an attractive therapeutic strategy in cancer. The aim of this study was to explore the role of macrophage CD5L protein in TAM activity and assess its potential as a therapeutic target. METHODS Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against recombinant CD5L were raised by subcutaneous immunization of BALB/c mice. Peripheral blood monocytes were isolated from healthy donors and stimulated with IFN/LPS, IL4, IL10, and conditioned medium (CM) from different cancer cell lines in the presence of anti-CD5L mAb or controls. Subsequently, phenotypic markers, including CD5L, were quantified by flow cytometry, IF and RT-qPCR. Macrophage CD5L protein expression was studied in 55 human papillary lung adenocarcinoma (PAC) samples by IHC and IF. Anti-CD5L mAb and isotype control were administered intraperitoneally into a syngeneic Lewis Lung Carcinoma mouse model and tumor growth was measured. Tumor microenvironment (TME) changes were determined by flow cytometry, IHC, IF, Luminex, RNAseq and RT-qPCR. FINDINGS Cancer cell lines CM induced an immunosuppressive phenotype (increase in CD163, CD206, MERTK, VEGF and CD5L) in cultured macrophages. Accordingly, high TAM expression of CD5L in PAC was associated with poor patient outcome (Log-rank (Mantel-Cox) test p = 0.02). We raised a new anti-CD5L mAb that blocked the immunosuppressive phenotype of macrophages in vitro. Its administration in vivo inhibited tumor progression of lung cancer by altering the intratumoral myeloid cell population profile and CD4+ T-cell exhaustion phenotype, thereby significantly modifying the TME and increasing the inflammatory milieu. INTERPRETATION CD5L protein plays a key function in modulating the activity of macrophages and their interactions within the TME, which supports its role as a therapeutic target in cancer immunotherapy. FUNDING For a full list of funding bodies, please see the Acknowledgements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Sanchez-Moral
- Innate Immunity Group, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Tony Paul
- Innate Immunity Group, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Clara Martori
- Innate Immunity Group, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), 08916 Badalona, Spain; Departament de Farmacologia, Terapèutica i Toxicologia, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Joan Font-Díaz
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, School of Biology, University of Barcelona and Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lucía Sanjurjo
- Innate Immunity Group, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Gemma Aran
- Innate Immunity Group, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Érica Téllez
- Innate Immunity Group, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Julià Blanco
- Virology and Cellular Immunology (VIC), IrsiCaixa, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Jorge Carrillo
- Virology and Cellular Immunology (VIC), IrsiCaixa, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Masaoki Ito
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, 739-8527 Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Martina Tuttolomondo
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Henrik J Ditzel
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark; Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, 5220 Odense, Denmark
| | - Caterina Fumagalli
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08025, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gustavo Tapia
- Pathology Department, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital (HUGTiP), 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Julia Sidorova
- Bioinformatics Platform, CIBERehd, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Helena Masnou
- Gastroenterology Department, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital (HUGTiP), 08916 Badalona, Spain; Network for Biomedical Research in Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Cristina Vilaplana
- Experimental Tuberculosis Unit, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), 08916 Badalona, Spain; Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Microbiology Department, Laboratori Clínic Metropolitana Nord, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Alhelí Rodriguez-Cortés
- Departament de Farmacologia, Terapèutica i Toxicologia, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Carolina Armengol
- Network for Biomedical Research in Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Childhood Liver Oncology Group, Program of Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer (PMPCC), IGTP, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Annabel F Valledor
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, School of Biology, University of Barcelona and Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leonor Kremer
- Protein Tools Unit and Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria-Rosa Sarrias
- Innate Immunity Group, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), 08916 Badalona, Spain; Network for Biomedical Research in Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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3
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Dou M, Song W, Lin Y, Chen Q, Lu C, Liu Z. Clinical characteristics and viral analysis of severe influenza A [H1N1]pdm09 in Guangzhou, 2019. J Med Virol 2022; 94:2568-2577. [PMID: 35146773 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To understand the clinical characteristics of and analyze viral genes in patients with severe pneumonia due to [H1N1]pdm09 influenza virus in Guangzhou, 2019. METHODS The clinical data of 120 inpatients with laboratory-confirmed influenza A H1N1 virus from January to March 2019 were collected and analyzed. The subjects were diagnosed according to the criteria of the "Diagnosis and Treatment Program of Influenza A H1N1 (third Edition 2009)" issued by the Ministry of Health and were divided into severe and nonsevere groups. Serum samples during fever were collected for cytokine analysis, and the viral genes were analyzed after the virus cultured in MDCK cells. The data were analyzed by SPSS 16 software, and the results of gene sequencing were analyzed by MEGA 6 software. RESULTS Among the 120 inpatients, 36 (30%) were severe and 84 (70%) were nonsevere patients. The average age of severe patients was 53.11 ±19.94 years, the average age of nonsevere patients, at 44.03 ±24.47 years. There was no significant difference between the two groups (p< 0.05). There were significant differences in the rates of moist rales and dyspnea in critically ill patients (p< 0.05). There were significant differences in the white blood cell count (WBC), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), serum creatinine (sCr), procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in severe patients with type A H1N1. Chest radiologic findings in severe patients showed ground glass shadows or pulmonary solid changes, and the difference was statistically significant for pulmonary fibrosis. Chronic lung disease (52.8%) and cardiovascular disease (27.8%) were independent risk factors for severe disease (p< 0.05). There were significant differences in secondary infections by Staphylococcus aureus (11.1%), pulmonary Aspergillus (22%) and Acinetobacter baumannii (16.7%) in critically ill patients (p< 0.05). Serum IL-8 in critically ill patients was significantly higher than those in nonsevere patients and healthy controls. The origin of virus strains in severe and nonsevere patients was the same, and there was no obvious mutation in the amino acid region of the antigenic site of the HA protein, but compared with the results of gene sequencing in previous years, the mutation sites showed a trend of annual accumulation. In conclusion, there was a high risk of severe pneumonia caused by H1N1 influenza A virus in Guangzhou in spring 2019. Long-term continuous surveillance, prevention and control of the virus should be carried out to predict its epidemiology and distribution. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Dou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjun Song
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Institute of Integration of Traditional and Western Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongping Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,KingMed School of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qigao Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,KingMed School of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chang Lu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongmin Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,KingMed School of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Chadwick JW, Fine N, Khoury W, Tasevski N, Sun CX, Boroumand P, Klip A, Glogauer M. Tissue-specific murine neutrophil activation states in health and inflammation. J Leukoc Biol 2020; 110:187-195. [PMID: 33145850 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.4ab1020-248rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are quickly recruited to tissues in response to proinflammatory cues; however, little is known about tissue neutrophil phenotypes in health. We employ a multicolor flow cytometric approach to assess surface markers of activation on neutrophils from the bone marrow, blood, peritoneum, spleen, liver, fat, colon, and oral cavity of healthy mice. Cell preparations were promptly fixed to preserve native surface marker expression levels. Peritoneal, colonic, and oral neutrophils were also assessed in the setting of pHrodo-induced peritonitis, dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis, and ligature-induced periodontal disease, respectively. Our results demonstrate consistent detectable neutrophil populations in various sterile and nonsterile tissues of healthy mice, and these cells had tissue-specific neutrophil immunophenotypes. Neutrophils derived from biofilm-associated mucosal tissues had 2- to 3-fold higher expression of surface markers of activation, including CD66a, CD11b, and CD62L, compared to neutrophils derived from both sterile healthy tissues as well as tissues in animals treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics. Furthermore, the unique cluster of differentiation (CD) marker activation signatures of tissue-specific neutrophils from the peritoneum, colon, and oral cavity were altered to a proinflammatory immunophenotype with the presence of an inflammatory stimulus. Based on our results, we propose a model whereby a hierarchy of tissue neutrophil immunophenotypes, based on the differential expression of CD markers of activation, correlates with sterile, healthy commensal biofilm-associated and inflamed tissue states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey W Chadwick
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Dental Oncology and Maxillofacial Prosthetics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Noah Fine
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - William Khoury
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nikola Tasevski
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Chun-Xiang Sun
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Amira Klip
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael Glogauer
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Dental Oncology and Maxillofacial Prosthetics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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5
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Scalerandi MV, Peinetti N, Leimgruber C, Cuello Rubio MM, Nicola JP, Menezes GB, Maldonado CA, Quintar AA. Inefficient N2-Like Neutrophils Are Promoted by Androgens During Infection. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1980. [PMID: 30233581 PMCID: PMC6129603 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are major effectors of acute inflammation against infection and tissue damage, with ability to adapt their phenotype according to the microenvironment. Although sex hormones regulate adaptive immune cells, which explains sex differences in immunity and infection, little information is available about the effects of androgens on neutrophils. We therefore aimed to examine neutrophil recruitment and plasticity in androgen–dependent and –independent sites under androgen manipulation. By using a bacterial model of prostate inflammation, we showed that neutrophil recruitment was higher in testosterone-treated rats, with neutrophil accumulation being positively correlated to serum levels of testosterone and associated to stronger inflammatory signs and tissue damage. Testosterone also promoted LPS-induced neutrophil recruitment to the prostate, peritoneum, and liver sinusoids, as revealed by histopathology, flow cytometry, and intravital microscopy. Strikingly, neutrophils in presence of testosterone exhibited an impaired bactericidal ability and a reduced myeloperoxidase activity. This inefficient cellular profile was accompanied by high expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL10 and TGFβ1, which is compatible with the “N2-like” neutrophil phenotype previously reported in the tumor microenvironment. These data reveal an intriguing role for testosterone promoting inefficient, anti-inflammatory neutrophils that prolong bacterial inflammation, generating a pathogenic environment for several conditions. However, these immunomodulatory properties might be beneficially exploited in autoimmune and other non-bacterial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- María V Scalerandi
- Centro de Microscopía Electrónica, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.,Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Nahuel Peinetti
- Centro de Microscopía Electrónica, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.,Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Carolina Leimgruber
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Mariana M Cuello Rubio
- Centro de Microscopía Electrónica, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.,Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Juan P Nicola
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.,Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Gustavo B Menezes
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Cristina A Maldonado
- Centro de Microscopía Electrónica, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.,Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Amado A Quintar
- Centro de Microscopía Electrónica, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.,Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
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6
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Díaz-Godínez C, Fonseca Z, Néquiz M, Laclette JP, Rosales C, Carrero JC. Entamoeba histolytica Trophozoites Induce a Rapid Non-classical NETosis Mechanism Independent of NOX2-Derived Reactive Oxygen Species and PAD4 Activity. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2018; 8:184. [PMID: 29922599 PMCID: PMC5996068 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2018.00184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are DNA fibers decorated with histones and antimicrobial proteins from cytoplasmic granules released into the extracellular space in a process denominated NETosis. The molecular pathways involved in NETosis have not been completely understood. Classical NETosis mechanisms involve the neutrophil elastase (NE) translocation to nucleus due to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by NADPH oxidase (NOX2) or the peptidyl arginine deiminase 4 (PAD4) activation in response to an increase in extracellular calcium influx; both mechanisms result in DNA decondensation. Previously, we reported that trophozoites and lipopeptidophosphoglycan from Entamoeba histolytica trigger NET release in human neutrophils. Here, we demonstrated in a quantitative manner that NETs were rapidly form upon treatment with amoebic trophozoites and involved both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). NETs formation depended on amoeba viability as heat-inactivated or paraformaldehyde-fixed amoebas were not able to induce NETs. Interestingly, ROS were not detected in neutrophils during their interaction with amoebas, which could explain why NOX2 inhibition using apocynin did not affect this NETosis. Surprisingly, whereas calcium chelation reduced NET release induced by amoebas, PAD4 inhibition by GSK484 failed to block DNA extrusion but, as expected, abolished NETosis induced by the calcium ionophore A23187. Additionally, NE translocation to the nucleus and serine-protease activity were necessary for NET release caused by amoeba. These data support the idea that E. histolytica trophozoites trigger NETosis by a rapid non-classical mechanism and that different mechanisms of NETs release exist depending on the stimuli used.
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Affiliation(s)
- César Díaz-Godínez
- Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Immunology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Zayda Fonseca
- Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Immunology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mario Néquiz
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Department of Experimental Medicine, Hospital General de México, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juan P Laclette
- Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Immunology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carlos Rosales
- Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Immunology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Julio C Carrero
- Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Immunology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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7
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Shin EY, Wang L, Zemskova M, Deppen J, Xu K, Strobel F, García AJ, Tirouvanziam R, Levit RD. Adenosine Production by Biomaterial-Supported Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Reduces the Innate Inflammatory Response in Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. J Am Heart Assoc 2018; 7:e006949. [PMID: 29331956 PMCID: PMC5850147 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.117.006949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury, there is extensive release of immunogenic metabolites that activate cells of the innate immune system. These include ATP and AMP, which upregulate chemotaxis, migration, and effector function of early infiltrating inflammatory cells. These cells subsequently drive further tissue devitalization. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are a potential treatment modality for MI/R because of their powerful anti-inflammatory capabilities; however, the manner in which they regulate the acute inflammatory milieu requires further elucidation. CD73, an ecto-5'-nucleotidase, may be critical in regulating inflammation by converting pro-inflammatory AMP to anti-inflammatory adenosine. We hypothesized that MSC-mediated conversion of AMP into adenosine reduces inflammation in early MI/R, favoring a micro-environment that attenuates excessive innate immune cell activation and facilitates earlier cardiac recovery. METHODS AND RESULTS Adult rats were subjected to 30 minutes of MI/R injury. MSCs were encapsulated within a hydrogel vehicle and implanted onto the myocardium. A subset of MSCs were pretreated with the CD73 inhibitor, α,β-methylene adenosine diphosphate, before implantation. Using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry, we found that MSCs increase myocardial adenosine availability following injury via CD73 activity. MSCs also reduce innate immune cell infiltration as measured by flow cytometry, and hydrogen peroxide formation as measured by Amplex Red assay. These effects were dependent on MSC-mediated CD73 activity. Finally, through echocardiography we found that CD73 activity on MSCs was critical to optimal protection of cardiac function following MI/R injury. CONCLUSIONS MSC-mediated conversion of AMP to adenosine by CD73 exerts a powerful anti-inflammatory effect critical for cardiac recovery following MI/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Y Shin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Lanfang Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Marina Zemskova
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
- Department of Otolaryngology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Juline Deppen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Kai Xu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | | | - Andrés J García
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering and Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA
| | | | - Rebecca D Levit
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
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Lakschevitz FS, Hassanpour S, Rubin A, Fine N, Sun C, Glogauer M. Identification of neutrophil surface marker changes in health and inflammation using high-throughput screening flow cytometry. Exp Cell Res 2016; 342:200-9. [PMID: 26970376 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2016.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophils are the most abundant white blood cell and are an essential component of the innate immune system. A complete cataloguing of cell surface markers has not been undertaken for neutrophils isolated from circulation as well as healthy and inflamed tissues. To identify cell-surface markers specific to human neutrophils, we used high-throughput flow cytometry to screen neutrophil populations isolated from blood and oral rinses from healthy and chronic periodontitis patients against a panel of 374 known cluster of differentiation (CD) antibodies. This screen identified CD11b, CD16, and CD66b as markers that are consistently expressed on neutrophils independent of the cell location, level of activation and disease state. Cell sorting against CD11b, CD16 and CD66b allowed for the enrichment of mature neutrophils, yielding neutrophil populations with up to 99% purity. These findings suggest an ideal surface marker set for isolating mature neutrophils from humans. The screen also demonstrated that tissue neutrophils from chronically inflamed tissue display a unique surface marker set compared to tissue neutrophils present in healthy, non-inflamed tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia S Lakschevitz
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Matrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Siavash Hassanpour
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Matrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ayala Rubin
- Matrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Noah Fine
- Matrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Chunxiang Sun
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Matrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael Glogauer
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Matrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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9
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Masia R, Krause DS, Yellen G. The inward rectifier potassium channel Kir2.1 is expressed in mouse neutrophils from bone marrow and liver. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2014; 308:C264-76. [PMID: 25472961 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00176.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophils are phagocytic cells that play a critical role in innate immunity by destroying bacterial pathogens. Channels belonging to the inward rectifier potassium channel subfamily 2 (Kir2 channels) have been described in other phagocytes (monocytes/macrophages and eosinophils) and in hematopoietic precursors of phagocytes. Their physiological function in these cells remains unclear, but some evidence suggests a role in growth factor-dependent proliferation and development. Expression of functional Kir2 channels has not been definitively demonstrated in mammalian neutrophils. Here, we show by RT-PCR that neutrophils from mouse bone marrow and liver express mRNA for the Kir2 subunit Kir2.1 but not for other subunits (Kir2.2, Kir2.3, and Kir2.4). In electrophysiological experiments, resting (unstimulated) neutrophils from mouse bone marrow and liver exhibit a constitutively active, external K(+)-dependent, strong inwardly rectifying current that constitutes the dominant current. The reversal potential is dependent on the external K(+) concentration in a Nernstian fashion, as expected for a K(+)-selective current. The current is not altered by changes in external or internal pH, and it is blocked by Ba(2+), Cs(+), and the Kir2-selective inhibitor ML133. The single-channel conductance is in agreement with previously reported values for Kir2.1 channels. These properties are characteristic of homomeric Kir2.1 channels. Current density in short-term cultures of bone marrow neutrophils is decreased in the absence of growth factors that are important for neutrophil proliferation [granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and stem cell factor (SCF)]. These results demonstrate that mouse neutrophils express functional Kir2.1 channels and suggest that these channels may be important for neutrophil function, possibly in a growth factor-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricard Masia
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; and Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Daniela S Krause
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; and
| | - Gary Yellen
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Di Paolo NC, Baldwin LK, Irons EE, Papayannopoulou T, Tomlinson S, Shayakhmetov DM. IL-1α and complement cooperate in triggering local neutrophilic inflammation in response to adenovirus and eliminating virus-containing cells. PLoS Pathog 2014; 10:e1004035. [PMID: 24651866 PMCID: PMC3961377 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a highly coordinated host response to infection, injury, or cell stress. In most instances, the inflammatory response is pro-survival and is aimed at restoring physiological tissue homeostasis and eliminating invading pathogens, although exuberant inflammation can lead to tissue damage and death. Intravascular injection of adenovirus (Ad) results in virus accumulation in resident tissue macrophages that trigger activation of CXCL1 and CXCL2 chemokines via the IL-1α-IL-1RI signaling pathway. However, the mechanistic role and functional significance of this pathway in orchestrating cellular inflammatory responses to the virus in vivo remain unclear. Resident metallophilic macrophages expressing macrophage receptor with collagenous structure (MARCO+) in the splenic marginal zone (MZ) play the principal role in trapping Ad from the blood. Here we show that intravascular Ad administration leads to the rapid recruitment of Ly-6G+7/4+ polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) in the splenic MZ, the anatomical compartment that remains free of PMNs when these cells are purged from the bone marrow via a non-inflammatory stimulus. Furthermore, PMN recruitment in the splenic MZ resulted in elimination of virus-containing cells. IL-1α-IL-1RI signaling is only partially responsible for PMN recruitment in the MZ and requires CXCR2, but not CXCR1 signaling. We further found reduced recruitment of PMNs in the splenic MZ in complement C3-deficient mice, and that pre-treatment of IL-1α-deficient, but not wild-type mice, with complement inhibitor CR2-Crry (inhibits all complement pathways at C3 activation) or CR2-fH (inhibits only the alternative complement activation pathway) prior to Ad infection, abrogates PMN recruitment to the MZ and prevents elimination of MARCO+ macrophages from the spleen. Collectively, our study reveals a non-redundant role of the molecular factors of innate immunity – the chemokine-activating IL-1α-IL-1RI-CXCR2 axis and complement – in orchestrating local inflammation and functional cooperation of PMNs and resident macrophages in the splenic MZ, which collectively contribute to limiting disseminated pathogen spread via elimination of virus-containing cells. Adenovirus (Ad) induces a potent activation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines upon interaction with tissue macrophages in vivo. However, critical factors affecting cellular inflammatory responses to Ad and their functional significance remain unclear. Here we show that in the model of disseminated infection, intravenous Ad administration leads to a rapid release of pro-inflammatory Ly-6G+7/4+ leukocytes (PMNs) from the bone marrow into the blood. PMNs enter into peripheral tissues and, in the case of spleen, are accumulated in proximity to the virus-containing MARCO+ macrophages within the splenic marginal zone (MZ). Mechanistic dissection of molecular queues that guide PMN migration reveals that CXCL1 and CXCL2 chemokines are only partially responsible for CXCR2-dependent PMN recruitment into the splenic MZ. We further found that complement cooperates with IL-1α-IL-1RI-CXCR2 signaling pathways in recruitment of PMNs to the splenic MZ, which results in elimination of virus-containing MARCO+ macrophages from the spleen. Administration of complement-blocking CR2-Crry or CR2-fH proteins into IL-1α-deficient, but not wild-type, mice prevents PMN accumulation in the splenic MZ and elimination of virus-containing macrophages from the spleen. Our study defines the functional significance of molecular and cellular host defense mechanisms that cooperate in eliminating virus-containing cells in the model of acute disseminated Ad infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelson C. Di Paolo
- Lowance Center for Human Immunology, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Lisa K. Baldwin
- Division of Medical Genetics Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Eric E. Irons
- Division of Medical Genetics Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Thalia Papayannopoulou
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Stephen Tomlinson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
- Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Dmitry M. Shayakhmetov
- Lowance Center for Human Immunology, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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11
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Marey MA, Liu J, Kowsar R, Haneda S, Matsui M, Sasaki M, Shimizu T, Hayakawa H, Wijayagunawardane MPB, Hussein FM, Miyamoto A. Bovine oviduct epithelial cells downregulate phagocytosis of sperm by neutrophils: prostaglandin E2 as a major physiological regulator. Reproduction 2014; 147:211-9. [DOI: 10.1530/rep-13-0375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the presence of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) in bovine oviduct fluid under physiological conditions and to determine the possible role of bovine oviduct epithelial cells (BOECs) in the regulation of the phagocytic activity of PMNs for sperm. During the pre-ovulatory stage, PMNs were identified in the bovine oviduct fluid in relatively constant numbers. In our experiments, PMNs were incubated for 4 h with the supernatant of cultured BOECs stimulated for 24 h by LH (10 ng/ml). Phagocytosis was then assayed by co-incubation of these PMNs with sperm treated to induce capacitation. The BOEC supernatant significantly suppressed sperm phagocytosis by PMNs, and the LH-stimulated BOEC supernatant further suppressed phagocytosis. Importantly, in the BOEC culture, LH stimulated the secretion of prostaglandin E2(PGE2), which dose-dependently (10−6, 10−7, and 10−8 M) suppressed sperm phagocytosis by PMNs. Furthermore, a PGEP2receptor antagonist significantly abrogated the inhibition of phagocytosis by the LH-stimulated BOEC supernatant. Additionally, using scanning electron microscopy, incubation of PMNs with either PGE2or LH-stimulated BOEC supernatant before phagocytosis was found to prevent the formation of DNA-based neutrophil extracellular traps for sperm entanglement. The results indicate that sperm are exposed to PMNs in the oviduct and PGE2released into the oviduct fluid after LH stimulation may play a major role in the suppression of the phagocytic activity of PMNs for sperm via interaction with EP2receptors. Thus, the bovine oviduct provides a PGE2-rich microenvironment to protect sperm from phagocytosis by PMNs, thereby supporting sperm survival in the oviduct.Free Japanese abstractA Japanese translation of this abstract is freely available athttp://www.reproduction-online.org/content/147/2/211/suppl/DC1
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Stoermer KA, Burrack A, Oko L, Montgomery SA, Borst LB, Gill RG, Morrison TE. Genetic ablation of arginase 1 in macrophages and neutrophils enhances clearance of an arthritogenic alphavirus. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2012; 189:4047-59. [PMID: 22972923 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1201240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and Ross River virus (RRV) cause a debilitating, and often chronic, musculoskeletal inflammatory disease in humans. Macrophages constitute the major inflammatory infiltrates in musculoskeletal tissues during these infections. However, the precise macrophage effector functions that affect the pathogenesis of arthritogenic alphaviruses have not been defined. We hypothesized that the severe damage to musculoskeletal tissues observed in RRV- or CHIKV-infected mice would promote a wound-healing response characterized by M2-like macrophages. Indeed, we found that RRV- and CHIKV-induced musculoskeletal inflammatory lesions, and macrophages present in these lesions, have a unique gene-expression pattern characterized by high expression of arginase 1 and Ym1/Chi3l3 in the absence of FIZZ1/Relmα that is consistent with an M2-like activation phenotype. Strikingly, mice specifically deleted for arginase 1 in neutrophils and macrophages had dramatically reduced viral loads and improved pathology in musculoskeletal tissues at late times post-RRV infection. These findings indicate that arthritogenic alphavirus infection drives a unique myeloid cell activation program in inflamed musculoskeletal tissues that inhibits virus clearance and impedes disease resolution in an arginase 1-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina A Stoermer
- Department of Immunology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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Coquery CM, Loo W, Buszko M, Lannigan J, Erickson LD. Optimized protocol for the isolation of spleen-resident murine neutrophils. Cytometry A 2012; 81:806-14. [PMID: 22760952 PMCID: PMC3548322 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.22096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2012] [Revised: 05/22/2012] [Accepted: 06/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophils are an important cellular component of the innate immune system that provides immediate protection to the host from infection. Neutrophil infiltration into inflamed peripheral tissues during infection is beneficial for immunity through phagocytosis of microbes, the release of antimicrobial factors, and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. Recent reports further suggest that spleen-infiltrating neutrophils play a role in the adaptive immune response by providing survival signals to B cells. However, neutrophils may have detrimental effects on immunity in inflammatory diseases where their recruitment to lymphoid tissues and activation occur abnormally. To determine the contribution of neutrophils that reside in secondary lymphoid tissues to adaptive immunity, direct evaluation of the functional properties of tissue-resident neutrophils is required. We have developed a modified magnetic bead isolation approach for purifying neutrophils from inflamed spleens of autoimmune-prone mice by negative selection. Using this approach, we yielded neutrophils with greater than 90% purity without compromising cell viability. Equally important, the isolation procedure had little effect on the activation of neutrophils and did not impair phagocytic function. Thus, isolation of spleen-resident neutrophils by this optimized approach could be useful for interrogating the functional role of murine neutrophils in normal and abnormal immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine M. Coquery
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
- Graduate Program in Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - William Loo
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Maja Buszko
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Joanne Lannigan
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Loren D. Erickson
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
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14
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Dharancy S, Body-Malapel M, Louvet A, Berrebi D, Gantier E, Gosset P, Viala J, Hollebecque A, Moreno C, Philpott DJ, Girardin SE, Sansonetti PJ, Desreumaux P, Mathurin P, Dubuquoy L. Neutrophil migration during liver injury is under nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 1 control. Gastroenterology 2010; 138:1546-56, 1556.e1-5. [PMID: 20026116 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2009.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2009] [Revised: 11/09/2009] [Accepted: 12/10/2009] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS A more complete understanding of the mechanisms involved in pathogen-associated molecular pattern signaling is crucial in the setting of liver injury. In intestinal diseases, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 1 (NOD1), a receptor for bacteria, appears to regulate cross-talk between innate and adaptive immunity, involving polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs). Our aim was to explore the role of NOD1 in PMN-induced liver injury. METHODS Nod1(+/+) and Nod1(-/-) mice were challenged with carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4)). Migration and phagocytosis of Nod1(+/+) and Nod1(-/-) PMN were studied in vivo and ex vivo. We evaluated main inflammatory pathways in PMNs by Western blot and CD11b expression using fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Mice were submitted to liver ischemia/reperfusion. RESULTS After CCl(4) exposure, livers of Nod1(-/-) mice had more than 50% less PMN infiltration within necrotic areas than those of Nod1(+/+). PMNs isolated from Nod1(-/-) mice displayed a 90% decrease in migration capacity compared with Nod1(+/+) PMNs, whereas FK 565, a potent NOD1 ligand, increased PMN migration. Upon FK 565 stimulation, mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor kappaB were activated in Nod1(+/+) PMNs, but less so in Nod1(-/-) PMNs. Expression of CD11b on the Nod1(-/-) PMN was decreased compared with Nod1(+/+). The phagocytic capacity of Nod1(-/-) PMNs was decreased by more than 50% compared with Nod1(+/+). In an ischemia/reperfusion model of PMN-induced liver injury, FK 565 increased lesions, whereas Nod1(-/-) mice were protected. CONCLUSIONS The identification of NOD1 as a modulator of PMN function and migration in the liver suggests that this receptor may represent a new therapeutic target in PMN-dependent liver diseases.
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Morrison TE, Fraser RJ, Smith PN, Mahalingam S, Heise MT. Complement contributes to inflammatory tissue destruction in a mouse model of Ross River virus-induced disease. J Virol 2007; 81:5132-43. [PMID: 17314163 PMCID: PMC1900244 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02799-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Arthritogenic alphaviruses, including Ross River virus (RRV) and chikungunya virus, are mosquito-borne viruses that cause significant human disease worldwide, including explosive epidemics that can result in thousands to millions of infected individuals. Similar to infection of humans, infection of C57BL/6 mice with RRV results in severe monocytic inflammation of bone, joint, and skeletal muscle tissues. We demonstrate here that the complement system, an important component of the innate immune response, enhances the severity of RRV-induced disease in mice. Complement activation products were detected in the inflamed tissues and in the serum of RRV-infected wild-type mice. Furthermore, mice deficient in C3 (C3(-/-)), the central component of the complement system, developed much less severe disease signs than did wild-type mice. Complement-mediated chemotaxis is essential for many inflammatory arthritides; however, RRV-infected wild-type and C3(-/-) mice had similar numbers and composition of inflammatory infiltrates within hind limb skeletal muscle tissue. Despite similar inflammatory infiltrates, RRV-infected C3(-/-) mice exhibited far less severe destruction of skeletal muscle tissue. In addition to these studies, complement activation was also detected in synovial fluid from RRV-infected patients. Taken together, these findings indicate that complement activation occurs in the tissues of humans and mice infected with RRV and suggest that complement plays an essential role in the effector phase, but not the inductive phase, of RRV-induced arthritis and myositis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas E Morrison
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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