1
|
Sun Y, Wang L, Zhang M, Jie J, Guan Q, Fu J, Chu X, Chen D, Li C, Song L, Luo ZQ. Acinetobacter nosocomialis utilizes a unique type VI secretion system to promote its survival in niches with prey bacteria. mBio 2024; 15:e0146824. [PMID: 38916378 PMCID: PMC11253628 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01468-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic bacteria of the Acinetobacter genus pose a severe threat to human health worldwide due to their strong adaptability, tolerance, and antibiotic resistance. Most isolates of these bacteria harbor a type VI secretion system (T6SS) that allows them to outcompete co-residing microorganisms, but whether this system is involved in acquiring nutrients from preys remains less studied. In this study, we found that Ab25, a clinical isolate of Acinetobacter nosocomialis, utilizes a T6SS to kill taxonomically diverse microorganisms, including bacteria and fungi. The T6SS of Ab25 is constitutively expressed, and among the three predicted effectors, T6e1, a member of the RHS effector family, contributes the most for its antimicrobial activity. T6e1 undergoes self-cleavage, and a short carboxyl fragment with nuclease activity is sufficient to kill target cells via T6SS injection. Interestingly, strain Ab25 encodes an orphan VgrG protein, which when overexpressed blocks the firing of its T6SS. In niches such as dry plastic surfaces, the T6SS promotes prey microorganism-dependent survival of Ab25. These results reveal that A. nosocomialis employs T6SSs that are highly diverse in their regulation and effector composition to gain a competitive advantage in environments with scarce nutrient supply and competing microbes.IMPORTANCEThe type VI secretion system (T6SS) plays an important role in bacterial adaptation to environmental challenges. Members of the Acinetobacter genus, particularly A. baumannii and A. nosocomialis, are notorious for their multidrug resistance and their ability to survive in harsh environments. In contrast to A. baumannii, whose T6SS has been well-studied, few research works have focused on A. nosocomialis. In this study, we found that an A. nosocomialis strain utilizes a contitutively active T6SS to kill diverse microorganisms, including bacteria and fungi. Although T6SS structural proteins of A. nosocomialis are similar to those of A. baumannii, the effector repertoire differs greatly. Interestingly, the T6SS of the A. nosocomialis strain codes for an ophan VgrG protein, which blocks the firing of the system when overexpressed, suggesting the existence of a new regulatory mechanism for the T6SS. Importantly, although the T6SS does not provide an advantage when the bacterium is grown in nutrient-rich medium, it allows A. nosocomialis to survive better in dry surfaces that contain co-existing bacteria. Our results suggest that killing of co-residing microorganisms may increase the effectiveness of strategies designed to reduce the fitness of Acinetobacter bacteria by targeting their T6SS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sun
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Center of Infectious Diseases and Pathogen Biology, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Endoscopy center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lidong Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Center of Infectious Diseases and Pathogen Biology, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jing Jie
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Center of Infectious Diseases and Pathogen Biology, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qingtian Guan
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiaqi Fu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Center of Infectious Diseases and Pathogen Biology, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiao Chu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Center of Infectious Diseases and Pathogen Biology, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dong Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Center of Infectious Diseases and Pathogen Biology, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chunxiuli Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Center of Infectious Diseases and Pathogen Biology, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lei Song
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Center of Infectious Diseases and Pathogen Biology, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhao-Qing Luo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Choi SJ, Kim ES. Optimizing Treatment for Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Complex Infections: A Review of Current Evidence. Infect Chemother 2024; 56:171-187. [PMID: 38960737 PMCID: PMC11224036 DOI: 10.3947/ic.2024.0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii complex (CRAB) poses a significant global health challenge owing to its resistance to multiple antibiotics and limited treatment options. Polymyxin-based therapies have been widely used to treat CRAB infections; however, they are associated with high mortality rates and common adverse events such as nephrotoxicity. Recent developments include numerous observational studies and randomized clinical trials investigating antibiotic combinations, repurposing existing antibiotics, and the development of novel agents. Consequently, recommendations for treating CRAB are undergoing significant changes. The importance of colistin is decreasing, and the role of sulbactam, which exhibits direct antibacterial activity against A. baumannii complex, is being reassessed. High-dose ampicillin-sulbactam-based combination therapies, as well as combinations of sulbactam and durlobactam, which prevent the hydrolysis of sulbactam and binds to penicillin-binding protein 2, have shown promising results. This review introduces recent advancements in CRAB infection treatment based on clinical trial data, highlighting the need for optimized treatment protocols and comprehensive clinical trials to combat the evolving threat of CRAB effectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seong Jin Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Eu Suk Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
M E S, Selvam PK, Gopikrishnan M, Vasudevan K, Zayed H, Ramasamy M, Walter CEJ, C GPD. Transcriptomic analysis reveals zinc-mediated virulence and pathogenicity in multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2024; 141:1-21. [PMID: 38960471 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2023.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is a gram-negative bacterium well known for its multidrug resistance and connection to nosocomial infections under ESKAPE pathogens. This opportunistic pathogen is ubiquitously associated with nosocomial infections, posing significant threats within healthcare environments. Its critical clinical symptoms, namely, meningitis, urinary tract infections, bloodstream infections, ventilator-associated pneumonia, and pneumonia, catalyze the imperative demand for innovative therapeutic interventions. The proposed research focuses on delineating the role of Zinc, a crucial metallo-binding protein and micronutrient integral to bacterial metabolism and virulence, to enhance understanding of the pathogenicity of A. baumannii. RNA sequencing and subsequent DESeq2 analytical methods were used to identify differential gene expressions influenced by zinc exposure. Exploiting the STRING database for functional enrichment analysis has demonstrated the complex molecular mechanisms underlying the enhancement of pathogenicity prompted by Zinc. Moreover, hub genes like gltB, ribD, AIL77834.1, sdhB, nuoI, acsA_1, acoC, accA, accD were predicted using the cytohubba tool in Cytoscape. This investigation underscores the pivotal role of Zinc in the virulence of A. baumannii elucidates the underlying molecular pathways responsible for its pathogenicity. The research further accentuates the need for innovative therapeutic strategies to combat A. baumannii infections, particularly those induced by multidrug-resistant strains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Santhosh M E
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Prasanna Kumar Selvam
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Mohanraj Gopikrishnan
- Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Department of Integrative Biology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Karthick Vasudevan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Hatem Zayed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Magesh Ramasamy
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - George Priya Doss C
- Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Department of Integrative Biology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hu JH, Sheng J, Guo HM, Liu H, Zhang X, Han B, Peng K, Ji FH. Association between labor epidural analgesia and gut microbiota: A prospective cohort study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29883. [PMID: 38699036 PMCID: PMC11064136 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Labor epidural analgesia (LEA) may influence gut microbiota. We explored the association between LEA and gut microbiota for both mothers and their newborns. Methods In this prospective cohort study, parturients aged 25-35 years with a gestational age of 37-42 weeks and planned vaginal delivery were recruited. Twenty-one parturients received LEA (the LEA group), and 24 did not (the control group). Maternal and neonatal fecal samples were collected, and the gut microbiota profiles were analyzed using the 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The impact of LEA on gut microbiota was assessed using the general liner models. Results We showcased the gut microbiota profile from the phyla to species levels based on data on 45 mother-newborn dyads. The results of α- and β-diversity suggested significant changes in gut microbiota between the LEA and control groups. After adjusting for baseline confounders, the administration of LEA had positive correlations with R. ilealis (β = 91.87, adjusted P = 0.007) in mothers; LEA also had negative correlations with A. pittii (β = -449.36, adjusted P = 0.015), P. aeruginosa (β = -192.55, adjusted P = 0.008), or S. maltophilia (β = -142.62, adjusted P = 0.001) in mothers, and with Muribaculaceae (β = -2702.77, adjusted P = 0.003) in neonates. Conclusion LEA was associated with changes in maternal and neonatal gut microbiota, and future studies are still required to assess their impact on clinical outcomes and explore the mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-hui Hu
- Departments of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Anesthesiology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Sheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hui-min Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bing Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ke Peng
- Departments of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Anesthesiology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fu-hai Ji
- Departments of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Anesthesiology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li J, Guo W, Wang J, Feng X, Lin Q, Zheng Y, Zhang F, Mi Y, Zhu X, Jiang E, Xiao Z, Wang J, Feng S. Strong Homology Between Colonizing and Bloodstream Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter Spp.: Implications for Empiric Antibiotic Therapy in Hematological Patients. Infect Drug Resist 2024; 17:1827-1838. [PMID: 38741942 PMCID: PMC11090193 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s458427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to assess the impact of colonization status on the outcomes of Acinetobacter spp. bloodstream infection (BSI) and investigate the homology and within-host evolution between colonizing and bloodstream carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp. (CRA) to inform antibiotic therapeutic decisions. Methods We analyzed clinical outcomes of 46 hematological patients with Acinetobacter spp. BSI and performed whole-genome sequencing on the remaining CRA isolates. Results Among the patients, 39.1% (n=18) had prior Acinetobacter spp. colonization. Colonized patients had higher rates of polymicrobial BSI (50.0% vs 21.4%, P=0.044) and CRA BSI (72.2% vs 17.9%, P<0.001), resulting in elevated inflammatory markers and increased 30-day mortality. Each of the eight pairs of the remaining respiratory colonizing and bloodstream CRA strains belonged to the same genomospecies. Each pair exhibited definitive agreement in at least 21 of the 22 most representative antibiotic susceptibility tests. The minimum spanning tree based on multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and phylogenetic trees based on MLST and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) all indicated that each pair shared the same minimum branch. Very few non-synonymous SNPs in genic regions were identified during the transition from respiratory colonization to bloodstream infection, with minimal changes in virulence genes. Homology analysis suggested that CRA BSI originated from colonizing isolates in the respiratory tract. Conclusion Strict infection control measures are needed to manage Acinetobacter spp. colonisation in hematological patients. Appropriate empirical therapy can be administered for suspected CRA BSI based on the antimicrobial minimum inhibitory concentration of CRA colonising the respiratory tract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, People’s Republic of China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, People’s Republic of China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jieru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, People’s Republic of China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaomeng Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, People’s Republic of China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingsong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, People’s Republic of China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yizhou Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, People’s Republic of China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fengkui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, People’s Republic of China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingchang Mi
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, People’s Republic of China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaofan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, People’s Republic of China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, People’s Republic of China
| | - Erlie Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, People’s Republic of China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhijian Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, People’s Republic of China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianxiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, People’s Republic of China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sizhou Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, People’s Republic of China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Naseef Pathoor N, Viswanathan A, Wadhwa G, Ganesh PS. Understanding the biofilm development of Acinetobacter baumannii and novel strategies to combat infection. APMIS 2024; 132:317-335. [PMID: 38444124 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) is a Gram-negative, nonmotile, and aerobic bacillus emerged as a superbug, due to increasing the possibility of infection and accelerating rates of antimicrobial agents. It is recognized as a nosocomial pathogen due to its ability to form biofilms. These biofilms serve as a defensive barrier, increase antibiotic resistance, and make treatment more difficult. As a result, the current situation necessitates the rapid emergence of novel therapeutic approaches to ensure successful treatment outcomes. This review explores the intricate relationship between biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance in A. baumannii, emphasizing the role of key virulence factors and quorum sensing (QS) mechanisms that will lead to infections and facilitate insight into developing innovative method to control A. baumannii infections. Furthermore, the review article looks into promising approaches for preventing biofilm formation on medically important surfaces and potential therapeutic methods for eliminating preformed biofilms, which can address biofilm-associated A. baumannii infections. Modern advances in emerging therapeutic options such as antimicrobial peptide (AMPs), nanoparticles (NPs), bacteriophage therapy, photodynamic therapy (PDT), and other biofilm inhibitors can assist readers understand the current landscape and future prospects for effectively treating A. baumannii biofilm infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naji Naseef Pathoor
- Department of Microbiology, Centre for Infectious Diseases, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University (Deemed to be University), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Akshaya Viswanathan
- Department of Microbiology, Centre for Infectious Diseases, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University (Deemed to be University), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gulshan Wadhwa
- Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, New Delhi, India
| | - Pitchaipillai Sankar Ganesh
- Department of Microbiology, Centre for Infectious Diseases, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University (Deemed to be University), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mancilla-Rojano J, Flores V, Cevallos MA, Ochoa SA, Parra-Flores J, Arellano-Galindo J, Xicohtencatl-Cortes J, Cruz-Córdova A. A bioinformatic approach to identify confirmed and probable CRISPR-Cas systems in the Acinetobacter calcoaceticus- Acinetobacter baumannii complex genomes. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1335997. [PMID: 38655087 PMCID: PMC11035748 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1335997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-Acinetobacter baumannii complex, or Acb complex, consists of six species: Acinetobacter baumannii, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, Acinetobacter nosocomialis, Acinetobacter pittii, Acinetobacter seifertii, and Acinetobacter lactucae. A. baumannii is the most clinically significant of these species and is frequently related to healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs). Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) arrays and associated genes (cas) constitute bacterial adaptive immune systems and function as variable genetic elements. This study aimed to conduct a genomic analysis of Acb complex genomes available in databases to describe and characterize CRISPR systems and cas genes. Methods Acb complex genomes available in the NCBI and BV-BRC databases, the identification and characterization of CRISPR-Cas systems were performed using CRISPRCasFinder, CRISPRminer, and CRISPRDetect. Sequence types (STs) were determined using the Oxford scheme and ribosomal multilocus sequence typing (rMLST). Prophages were identified using PHASTER and Prophage Hunter. Results A total of 293 genomes representing six Acb species exhibited CRISPR-related sequences. These genomes originate from various sources, including clinical specimens, animals, medical devices, and environmental samples. Sequence typing identified 145 ribosomal multilocus sequence types (rSTs). CRISPR-Cas systems were confirmed in 26.3% of the genomes, classified as subtypes I-Fa, I-Fb and I-Fv. Probable CRISPR arrays and cas genes associated with CRISPR-Cas subtypes III-A, I-B, and III-B were also detected. Some of the CRISPR-Cas systems are associated with genomic regions related to Cap4 proteins, and toxin-antitoxin systems. Moreover, prophage sequences were prevalent in 68.9% of the genomes. Analysis revealed a connection between these prophages and CRISPR-Cas systems, indicating an ongoing arms race between the bacteria and their bacteriophages. Furthermore, proteins associated with anti-CRISPR systems, such as AcrF11 and AcrF7, were identified in the A. baumannii and A. pittii genomes. Discussion This study elucidates CRISPR-Cas systems and defense mechanisms within the Acb complex, highlighting their diverse distribution and interactions with prophages and other genetic elements. This study also provides valuable insights into the evolution and adaptation of these microorganisms in various environments and clinical settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jetsi Mancilla-Rojano
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Bacteriología Intestinal, Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Víctor Flores
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Miguel A. Cevallos
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Programa de Genómica Evolutiva, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Sara A. Ochoa
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Bacteriología Intestinal, Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Julio Parra-Flores
- Department of Nutrition and Public Health, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillán, Chile
| | - José Arellano-Galindo
- Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gomez, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Juan Xicohtencatl-Cortes
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Bacteriología Intestinal, Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Ariadnna Cruz-Córdova
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Bacteriología Intestinal, Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Altharawi A, Alqahatani SM, Alanazi MM, Tahir Ul Qamar M. Unveiling MurE ligase potential inhibitors for treating multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:2358-2368. [PMID: 37099644 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2204499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic pathogen with ability to cause serious infection such as bacteremia, ventilator associated pneumonia, and wound infections. As strains of A. baumannii are resistant to almost all clinically used antibiotics and with the emergence of carbapenems resistant phenotypes warrants the search for novel antibiotics. Considering this, herein, a series of computer aided drug designing approach was utilized to search novel chemical scaffolds that bind stronger to MurE ligase enzyme of A. baumannii, which is involved peptidoglycan synthesis. The work identified LAS_22461675, LAS_34000090 and LAS_51177972 compounds as promising binding molecules with MurE enzyme having binding energy score of -10.5 kcal/mol, -9.3 kcal/mol and -8.6 kcal/mol, respectively. The compounds were found to achieve docked inside the MurE substrate binding pocket and established close distance chemical interactions. The interaction energies were dominated by van der Waals and less contributions were seen from hydrogen bonding energy. The dynamic simulation assay predicted the complexes stable with no major global and local changes noticed. The docked stability was also validated by MM/PBSA and MM/GBSA binding free energy methods. The net MM/GBSA binding free energy of LAS_22461675 complex, LAS_34000090 complex and LAS_51177972 complex is -26.25 kcal/mol, -27.23 kcal/mol and -29.64 kcal/mol, respectively. Similarly in case of MM-PBSA, the net energy value was in following order; LAS_22461675 complex (-27.67 kcal/mol), LAS_34000090 complex (-29.94 kcal/mol) and LAS_51177972 complex (-27.32 kcal/mol). The AMBER entropy and WaterSwap methods also confirmed stable complexes formation. Further, molecular features of the compounds were determined that predicted compounds to have good druglike properties and pharmacokinetic favorable. The study concluded the compounds to good candidates to be tested by in vivo and in vitro experimental assays.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Altharawi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Safar M Alqahatani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M Alanazi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Tahir Ul Qamar
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad (GCUF), Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yaikhan T, Chukamnerd A, Singkhamanan K, Nokchan N, Chintakovid N, Chusri S, Pomwised R, Wonglapsuwan M, Surachat K. Genomic Characterization of Mobile Genetic Elements Associated with Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter Non- baumannii Species from Southern Thailand. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:149. [PMID: 38391535 PMCID: PMC10886146 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13020149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the genetic diversity, antimicrobial resistance profiles, and virulence characteristics of Acinetobacter non-baumannii isolates obtained from four hospitals in southern Thailand. Clinical data, genome information, and average nucleotide identity (ANI) were analyzed for eight isolates, revealing diverse genetic profiles and novel sequence types (STs). Minimum spanning tree analysis indicated potential clonal spread of certain STs across different geographic regions. Antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) were detected in all isolates, with a high prevalence of genes conferring resistance to carbapenems, highlighting the challenge of antimicrobial resistance in Acinetobacter spp. infections. Mobile genetic elements (MGEs) carrying ARGs were also identified, emphasizing the role of horizontal gene transfer in spreading resistance. Evaluation of virulence-associated genes revealed a diverse range of virulence factors, including those related to biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance. However, no direct correlation was found between virulence-associated genes in Acinetobacter spp. and specific clinical outcomes, such as infection severity or patient mortality. This complexity suggests that factors beyond gene presence may influence disease progression and outcomes. This study emphasizes the importance of continued surveillance and molecular epidemiological studies to combat the spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter non-baumannii strains. The findings provide valuable insights into the epidemiology and genetic characteristics of this bacteria in southern Thailand, with implications for infection control and antimicrobial management efforts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thunchanok Yaikhan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Arnon Chukamnerd
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Kamonnut Singkhamanan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Natakorn Nokchan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Nutwadee Chintakovid
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Sarunyou Chusri
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Rattanaruji Pomwised
- Division of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Monwadee Wonglapsuwan
- Division of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Komwit Surachat
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Li J, Feng X, Wang J, Lin Q, Zheng Y, Zhang F, Mi Y, Zhu X, Jiang E, Xiao Z, Wang J, Feng S. Acinetobacter spp. bloodstream infection in hematological patients: a 10-year single-center study. BMC Infect Dis 2023; 23:796. [PMID: 37964192 PMCID: PMC10648370 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08789-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigated the clinical and antimicrobial characteristics of Acinetobacter spp. bloodstream infection (BSI) in hematological patients. Risk factors for 30-day mortality and carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp. (CRA) BSI acquisition were also identified. METHODS We reviewed forty hematological patients with Acinetobacter spp. BSI in a large Chinese blood disease hospital between 2013 and 2022. The remaining CRA isolates were subjected to whole-genome sequencing. RESULTS The 30-day mortality rate was high at 35%. Hematological patients with Acinetobacter spp. BSI often presented with severe conditions and co-infections at multiple sites. All strains were colistin-susceptible and 40.0% were CR. Multivariate analysis identified several risk factors associated with CRA BSI acquisition, including previous exposure to carbapenems within 30 days and CRA colonization. Very severe aplastic anaemia, tetracycline-resistant Acinetobacter spp. BSI, and unresolved neutropenia after infection were closely associated with 30-day mortality. Non-survivors often presented with higher median PCT and CRP levels and severe complications, such as intracranial infection, cardiac dysfunction, respiratory failure, and severe sepsis or septic shock. Our study also identified inappropriate empirical antibiotic therapy as an independent predictor of 30-day mortality (OR: 11.234, 95% CI: 1.261-20.086, P = 0.030). This study was the first to report A. oleivorans as a human pathogen, and to identify its unique oxacillinase, OXA-325. CONCLUSION An environment-originated non-pathogenic species can become pathogenic when the body's immunity is compromised. Our results also highlighted the importance of improving neutropenia after infection, treating severe organ dysfunction, and administering appropriate empirical antibiotic therapy to reduce mortality in this patient population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Xiaomeng Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Jieru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Qingsong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Yizhou Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Fengkui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Yingchang Mi
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Xiaofan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Erlie Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Zhijian Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Jianxiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Sizhou Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China.
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Greenhalgh DG, Hill DM, Burmeister DM, Gus EI, Cleland H, Padiglione A, Holden D, Huss F, Chew MS, Kubasiak JC, Burrell A, Manzanares W, Gómez MC, Yoshimura Y, Sjöberg F, Xie WG, Egipto P, Lavrentieva A, Jain A, Miranda-Altamirano A, Raby E, Aramendi I, Sen S, Chung KK, Alvarez RJQ, Han C, Matsushima A, Elmasry M, Liu Y, Donoso CS, Bolgiani A, Johnson LS, Vana LPM, de Romero RVD, Allorto N, Abesamis G, Luna VN, Gragnani A, González CB, Basilico H, Wood F, Jeng J, Li A, Singer M, Luo G, Palmieri T, Kahn S, Joe V, Cartotto R. Surviving Sepsis After Burn Campaign. Burns 2023; 49:1487-1524. [PMID: 37839919 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2023.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Surviving Sepsis Campaign was developed to improve outcomes for all patients with sepsis. Despite sepsis being the primary cause of death after thermal injury, burns have always been excluded from the Surviving Sepsis efforts. To improve sepsis outcomes in burn patients, an international group of burn experts developed the Surviving Sepsis After Burn Campaign (SSABC) as a testable guideline to improve burn sepsis outcomes. METHODS The International Society for Burn Injuries (ISBI) reached out to regional or national burn organizations to recommend members to participate in the program. Two members of the ISBI developed specific "patient/population, intervention, comparison and outcome" (PICO) questions that paralleled the 2021 Surviving Sepsis Campaign [1]. SSABC participants were asked to search the current literature and rate its quality for each topic. At the Congress of the ISBI, in Guadalajara, Mexico, August 28, 2022, a majority of the participants met to create "statements" based on the literature. The "summary statements" were then sent to all members for comment with the hope of developing an 80% consensus. After four reviews, a consensus statement for each topic was created or "no consensus" was reported. RESULTS The committee developed sixty statements within fourteen topics that provide guidance for the early treatment of sepsis in burn patients. These statements should be used to improve the care of sepsis in burn patients. The statements should not be considered as "static" comments but should rather be used as guidelines for future testing of the best treatments for sepsis in burn patients. They should be updated on a regular basis. CONCLUSION Members of the burn community from the around the world have developed the Surviving Sepsis After Burn Campaign guidelines with the goal of improving the outcome of sepsis in burn patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David G Greenhalgh
- Department of Burns, Shriners Children's Northern California and Department of Surgery, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA.
| | - David M Hill
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Translational Scre have been several studies that have evaluatedience, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee, Health Science Center; Memphis, TN, USA
| | - David M Burmeister
- Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Eduardo I Gus
- Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children; Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Heather Cleland
- Department of Surgery, Monash University and Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Alex Padiglione
- Department of Surgery, Monash University and Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Dane Holden
- Department of Surgery, Monash University and Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Fredrik Huss
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Plastic Surgery, Uppsala University/Burn Center, Department of Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Michelle S Chew
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - John C Kubasiak
- Department of Surgery, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Aidan Burrell
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventative Medicine, Monash University and Alfred Hospital, Intensive Care Research Center (ANZIC-RC), Melbourne, Australia
| | - William Manzanares
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Universidad de la República (UdelaR), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - María Chacón Gómez
- Division of Intensive Care and Critical Medicine, Centro Nacional de Investigacion y Atencion de Quemados (CENIAQ), National Rehabilitation Institute, LGII, Mexico
| | - Yuya Yoshimura
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Hachinohe City Hospital, Hachinohe, Japan
| | - Folke Sjöberg
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Wei-Guo Xie
- Institute of Burns, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University (Wuhan Third Hospital), Wuhan, China
| | - Paula Egipto
- Centro Hospitalar e Universitário São João - Burn Unit, Porto, Portugal
| | | | | | | | - Ed Raby
- Infectious Diseases Department, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | | | - Soman Sen
- Department of Burns, Shriners Children's Northern California and Department of Surgery, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Kevin K Chung
- Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Chunmao Han
- Department of Burn and Wound Repair, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Asako Matsushima
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Moustafa Elmasry
- Department of Hand, Plastic Surgery and Burns, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Burn, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Carlos Segovia Donoso
- Intensive Care Unit for Major Burns, Mutual Security Clinical Hospital, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alberto Bolgiani
- Department of Surgery, Deutsches Hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Laura S Johnson
- Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine and Grady Health System, Georgia
| | - Luiz Philipe Molina Vana
- Disciplina de Cirurgia Plastica da Escola Paulista de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Nikki Allorto
- Grey's Hospital Pietermaritzburg Metropolitan Burn Service, University of KwaZulu Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Gerald Abesamis
- Alfredo T. Ramirez Burn Center, Division of Burns, Department of Surgery, University of Philippines Manila - Philippine General Hospital, Manila, Philippines
| | - Virginia Nuñez Luna
- Unidad Michou y Mau Xochimilco for Burnt Children, Secretaria Salud Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Alfredo Gragnani
- Disciplina de Cirurgia Plastica da Escola Paulista de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carolina Bonilla González
- Department of Pediatrics and Intensive Care, Pediatric Burn Unit, Clinical Studies and Clinical Epidemiology Division, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Hugo Basilico
- Intensive Care Area - Burn Unit - Pediatric Hospital "Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fiona Wood
- Department of Surgery, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - James Jeng
- Department of Surgery, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Andrew Li
- Department of Surgery, Monash University and Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Mervyn Singer
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gaoxing Luo
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Army (Third Military) Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tina Palmieri
- Department of Burns, Shriners Children's Northern California and Department of Surgery, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Steven Kahn
- The South Carolina Burn Center, Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Victor Joe
- Department of Surgery, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Robert Cartotto
- Department of Surgery, Sunnybrook Medical Center, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Pekkle Lam HY, Lai MJ, Wu WJ, Chin YH, Chao HJ, Chen LK, Peng SY, Chang KC. Isolation and characterization of bacteriophages with activities against multi-drug-resistant Acinetobacter nosocomialis causing bloodstream infection in vivo. JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY, IMMUNOLOGY, AND INFECTION = WEI MIAN YU GAN RAN ZA ZHI 2023; 56:1026-1035. [PMID: 37586915 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2023.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acinetobacter nosocomialis (A. nosocomialis) is a glucose non-fermentative, gram-negative bacillus that belongs to the Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii complex. In recent years, studies have found an increased clinical prevalence of A. nosocomialis. However, given the increasing trend of antibiotic resistance, developing new antibacterial agents is vital. Currently, research regarding bacteriophage therapy against A. nosocomialis is only limited. METHODS Two A. nosocomialis bacteriophages, TCUAN1 and TCUAN2, were isolated from sewage. Experiments such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM), host-range analysis, and sequencing were performed to determine their biological and genomic characteristics. TCUAN2 were further subjected to in vivo experiments and their derived-endolysin were cloned and tested against their bacteria host. RESULTS Transmission electron microscopy revealed that TCUAN1 and TCUAN2 belong to Myoviridae and Podoviridae, respectively. Both phages show a broad host spectrum and rapid adsorption efficiency. Further biological analysis showed that TCUAN2 possesses a shorter latent period and larger burst size compared to TCUAN1. Because TCUAN2 showed a better antibacterial activity, it was injected into A. nosocomialis-infected mice which resulted in a significant decrease in bacterial load levels in the blood and increased the mice's survival. Finally, genomic analysis revealed that the complete nucleotide sequence of TCUAN1 is 49, 691 bps (containing 75 open reading frames) with a G + C content of 39.3%; whereas the complete nucleotide sequence of TCUAN2 is 41, 815 bps (containing 68 open reading frames) with a G + C content of 39.1%. The endolysin gene cloned and purified from TCUAN2 also showed antibacterial activity when used with a chelator EDTA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ho Yin Pekkle Lam
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Jiun Lai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jui Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Hao Chin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Jen Chao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Li-Kuang Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Yi Peng
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
| | - Kai-Chih Chang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Deng YP, Fu YT, Yao C, Shao R, Zhang XL, Duan DY, Liu GH. Emerging bacterial infectious diseases/pathogens vectored by human lice. Travel Med Infect Dis 2023; 55:102630. [PMID: 37567429 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2023.102630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Human lice have always been a major public health concern due to their vector capacity for louse-borne infectious diseases, like trench fever, louse-borne relapsing fever, and epidemic fever, which are caused by Bartonella quintana, Borrelia recurrentis, and Rickettsia prowazekii, respectively. Those diseases are currently re-emerging in the regions of poor hygiene, social poverty, or wars with life-threatening consequences. These louse-borne diseases have also caused outbreaks among populations in jails and refugee camps. In addition, antibodies and DNAs to those pathogens have been steadily detected in homeless populations. Importantly, more bacterial pathogens have been detected in human lice, and some have been transmitted by human lice in laboratories. Here, we provide a comprehensive review and update on louse-borne infectious diseases/bacterial pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Ping Deng
- Research Center for Parasites & Vectors, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yi-Tian Fu
- Research Center for Parasites & Vectors, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Parasitology, Xiangya School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chaoqun Yao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and One Health Center for Zoonoses and Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre, Saint Kitts and Nevis.
| | - Renfu Shao
- Centre for Bioinnovation, School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Australia
| | - Xue-Ling Zhang
- Research Center for Parasites & Vectors, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - De-Yong Duan
- Research Center for Parasites & Vectors, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guo-Hua Liu
- Research Center for Parasites & Vectors, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sabour A. Global Risk Maps of Climate Change Impacts on the Distribution of Acinetobacter baumannii Using GIS. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2174. [PMID: 37764018 PMCID: PMC10535618 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Impacts of climate change rank among the century's most significant ecological and medical concerns. As a result of climatic changes, the distribution of some bacterial species will alter across time and space. Numerous bacterial infections will reorganize as a result worldwide. Acinetobacter baumannii Bouvet and Grimont is one of the most significant and frequently occurring bacteria identified in soil and air. The COVID-19 pandemic has changed how bacteriologists perceive this species as a new threat to human health. In order to estimate the existing and future worldwide distribution of A. baumannii under various climate change scenarios, about 1000 A. baumannii occurrence records were employed. Given its superior accuracy and dependability versus alternative modeling techniques, maximum entropy implemented in MaxEnt was selected as the modeling tool. The bioclimatic variable that contributes the most to the distribution of A. baumannii is the mean temperature of the coldest quarter (bio_11). The created current distribution model agreed with the species' actual globally dispersed distribution. It is projected that A. baumannii will experience a severe range expansion due to the increase in temperature brought on by global warming in different regions of its range. According to the risk maps created for 2050 and 2070 using two alternative RCPs, there are various regions that will be under risk of this bacterium as a result of rising temperature. Future data science and GIS evaluation of the current results are necessary, especially on a local level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amal Sabour
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Longjam LA, Tsering DC, Das D. Molecular Characterization of Class A-ESBLs, Class B-MBLs, Class C-AmpC, and Class D-OXA Carbapenemases in MDR Acinetobacter baumannii Clinical Isolates in a Tertiary Care Hospital, West Bengal, India. Cureus 2023; 15:e43656. [PMID: 37600436 PMCID: PMC10435264 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.43656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Acinetobacter calcoaceticus baumannii (ACB) complex has become a major concern nowadays because of its increasing involvement in several severe infections associated with catheter-related bloodstream and urinary tract infections, ventilator-associated pneumonia, cerebrospinal shunt-related meningitis, and wound infections. Multiple drug-resistant (MDR) ACB cases have been described with an increasing trend where at least it is resistant to a minimum of three antimicrobial groups. The mortality rate associated with A. baumannii is significantly higher than all Acinetobacter spp. isolates with the most prevalence seen in India and Thailand. The rapid spread of high resistance to most potent antimicrobial drugs is due to its ability to incorporate resistance determinants despite multifactorial reasons such as alteration in permeability of cell membrane by either losing expression of outer membrane porins or excess production of efflux pumps. This study aims to characterize resistance determinants responsible for MDR at the genetic level and emphasizes the use of genotyping in routine diagnosis as genotype analysis is reliable and valid. Methodology A total of 289 ACB complex clinical isolates were included in this study. The study for species-level identification of A. baumannii was conducted at the Department of Microbiology, IQ City Medical College Hospital, Durgapur, West Bengal. In addition, the detection of encoded genes associated with class A-extended spectrum beta-lactamases (i.e., CTX-M, KPC, SHV, and TEM genes), class B-metallo-β-lactamases (i.e., IMP, NDM, and VIM genes), Class C-AmpC cephalosporinase, and classD-OXA carbapenemases (i.e., blaOXA-10/11, blaOXA-24, blaOXA-48, blaOXA-58, blaOXA-143, and blaOXA-235 was done using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results All 289 non-repetitive ACB complex clinical isolates were confirmed as A. baumannii, of which 277 (96%) isolates were MDR. There were no findings of blaCTX-M, blaKPC, blaSHV, blaTEM, blaIMP, blaVIM, blaAmpC, blaOXA-10/11, blaOXA-24, blaOXA-48, blaOXA-58, blaOXA-143, and blaOXA-235 genes in our study. However, there were four (1.44%) positive findings of the blaNDM gene. All MDR isolates (n = 277) were positive for the blaOXA-51 gene. In addition, blaOXA-23 was positive in 269 (97.12%) isolates. Conclusions The oxacillinase production corresponding to blaOXA-23 and blaOXA-51 were the most prevalent antibiotic resistance determinants among MDR A. baumannii in our study. Four (1.44%) isolates had the multiple genes blaOXA-51, blaOXA-23, and blaNDM that shows the coexistence of diverse genetic elements involved in MDR A. baumannii, resulting in total resistance except for a few potent drugs such as colistin and tigecycline. Genotyping is helpful in determining the contribution of the isolates in understanding their association with encoded genes, which, in turn, helps in designing effective surveillance and control strategies in the management of such MDR isolates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Langamba A Longjam
- Microbiology, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences, Sikkim Manipal University, Gangtok, IND
| | - Dechen C Tsering
- Microbiology, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences, Sikkim Manipal University, Gangtok, IND
| | - Dipmala Das
- Microbiology, IQ City Medical College and Hospital, Durgapur, IND
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Shadan A, Pathak A, Ma Y, Pathania R, Singh RP. Deciphering the virulence factors, regulation, and immune response to Acinetobacter baumannii infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1053968. [PMID: 36968113 PMCID: PMC10038080 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1053968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Deciphering the virulence factors, regulation, and immune response to Acinetobacter baumannii infectionAcinetobacter baumannii is a gram-negative multidrug-resistant nosocomial pathogen and a major cause of hospital acquired infetions. Carbapenem resistant A. baumannii has been categorised as a Priority1 critial pathogen by the World Health Organisation. A. baumannii is responsible for infections in hospital settings, clinical sectors, ventilator-associated pneumonia, and bloodstream infections with a mortality rates up to 35%. With the development of advanced genome sequencing, molecular mechanisms of manipulating bacterial genomes, and animal infection studies, it has become more convenient to identify the factors that play a major role in A. baumannii infection and its persistence. In the present review, we have explored the mechanism of infection, virulence factors, and various other factors associated with the pathogenesis of this organism. Additionally, the role of the innate and adaptive immune response, and the current progress in the development of innovative strategies to combat this multidrug-resistant pathogen is also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Afreen Shadan
- Department of Microbiology, Dr. Shyama Prasad Mukherjee University, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Avik Pathak
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, India
| | - Ying Ma
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Ying Ma, ; Ranjana Pathania, ; Rajnish Prakash Singh,
| | - Ranjana Pathania
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, India
- *Correspondence: Ying Ma, ; Ranjana Pathania, ; Rajnish Prakash Singh,
| | - Rajnish Prakash Singh
- Department of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
- *Correspondence: Ying Ma, ; Ranjana Pathania, ; Rajnish Prakash Singh,
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wang SH, Yang KY, Sheu CC, Lin YC, Chan MC, Feng JY, Chen CM, Chen CY, Zheng ZR, Chou YC, Peng CK. The prevalence, presentation and outcome of colistin susceptible-only Acinetobacter Baumannii-associated pneumonia in intensive care unit: a multicenter observational study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:140. [PMID: 36599842 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26009-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) caused by carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) are both associated with significant morbidity and mortality in daily clinical practice, as well as in a critical care setting. It is unclear whether colistin susceptible-only Acinetobacter baumannii (CSO AB) is a unique phenotype separate from or a subset of CRAB-associated pneumonia. The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence of CSO AB pneumonia and compare the presentation and outcome between CSO AB and CRAB-associated pneumonia in critically ill patients. This multicenter retrospective cohort study initially recruited 955 patients with CR-GNB pneumonia. After exclusion, 575 patients left who were ICU-admitted and had CRAB nosocomial pneumonia remained. Among them, 79 patients had CSO AB pneumonia, classified as the CSO AB group. The other 496 patients were classified as the CRAB group. We compared demographic characteristics, disease severity, and treatment outcomes between the two groups. The prevalence of CSO AB among all cases of CRAB pneumonia was 13.74% (79/575). The CSO AB and CRAB groups had similar demographic characteristics and disease severities at initial presentation. The in-hospital mortality rate was 45.6% and 46.4% for CSO AB and CRAB groups, respectively (p = 0.991). The CSO AB group had significantly better clinical outcomes at day 7 (65.8% vs 52.4%, p = 0.036) but longer length of ICU stay (27 days vs 19 days, p = 0.043) compared to the CRAB group. However, other treatment outcomes, including clinical outcomes at day 14 and 28, mortality, microbiological eradication, ventilator weaning, and newly onset dialysis, were similar. In conclusion, CSO AB accounted for 13.74% of all cases of CRAB pneumonia, and the clinical presentation and treatment outcomes of CSO AB and CRAB pneumonia were similar.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Huei Wang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, No. 325, Section 2, Cheng-Gong Rd, Neihu 114, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Yao Yang
- Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Cancer Progression Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chau-Chyun Sheu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chao Lin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Cheng Chan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Post Baccalaureate Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Yih Feng
- Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Min Chen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yu Chen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Zhe-Rong Zheng
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ching Chou
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Kan Peng
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, No. 325, Section 2, Cheng-Gong Rd, Neihu 114, Taipei, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Gu S, Xiong J, Peng S, Hu L, Zhu H, Xiao Y, Luo H, Hang Y, Chen Y, Fang X, Cao X, Fang Y, Li F, Zhu J, Zhong Q. Assessment of Effective Antimicrobial Regimens and Mortality-Related Risk Factors for Bloodstream Infections Caused by Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:2589-2600. [PMID: 37152405 PMCID: PMC10154582 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s408927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to determine the clinical features, risk factors, and effective antimicrobial therapy for Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) bloodstream infection (BSI). Methods This was a retrospective analysis of data from patients with CRAB bacteremia in a Chinese tertiary hospital between January 2012 and October 2021. Risk factors, predictors of 30-day mortality, and effective antimicrobial therapy for CRAB BSI were identified using logistic and cox regression analyses. Results Data from 276 patients with Acinetobacter baumannii (AB) BSI were included, of whom 157 (56.9%) had CRAB BSI. The risk factors that were significantly associated with CRAB BSI included previous intensive care unit (ICU) stay (P < 0.001), immunocompromised status (P < 0.001), cephalosporin use (P = 0.014), and fluoroquinolone use (P = 0.007). The 30-day mortality of the CRAB BSI group was 49.7% (78/157). ICU stay after BSI (P = 0.047), sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score ≥10 (P < 0.001), and multiple organ failure (MOF) (P = 0.037) were independent predictors of 30-day mortality. Among antibiotic strategies for the treatment of patients with CRAB BSI, we found that definitive regimens containing cefoperazone/sulbactam were superior to those without cefoperazone/sulbactam in reducing the 30-day mortality rate (25.4% vs 53.4%, P = 0.005). After propensity score matching, we observed a significant increase in the 30-day mortality (77.8%vs 33.3%, P = 0.036) in patients receiving tigecycline monotherapy compared to those receiving cefoperazone/sulbactam monotherapy. The mortality rate of patients receiving tigecycline with cefoperazone/sulbactam was also higher than that of patients receiving cefoperazone-sulbactam monotherapy; however, the difference was not significant (28.6%vs 19.0%, P = 0.375). Conclusion The severity of patient conditions was significantly associated with mortality in patients with CRAB BSI. Those Patients treated with cefoperazone/sulbactam had better clinical prognoses, and tigecycline should be used with caution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shumin Gu
- Department of Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Medicine, Clinical Laboratory of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianqiu Xiong
- Departmentof Nursing, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Suqin Peng
- Department of Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Medicine, Clinical Laboratory of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Longhua Hu
- Department of Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Medicine, Clinical Laboratory of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongying Zhu
- Clinical Laboratory of Ganzhou People’s Hospital, Ganzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanping Xiao
- Department of Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Medicine, Clinical Laboratory of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Luo
- Department of Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Medicine, Clinical Laboratory of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yaping Hang
- Department of Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Medicine, Clinical Laboratory of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanhui Chen
- Department of Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Medicine, Clinical Laboratory of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xueyao Fang
- Department of Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Medicine, Clinical Laboratory of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xingwei Cao
- Department of Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Medicine, Clinical Laboratory of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Youling Fang
- Department of Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Medicine, Clinical Laboratory of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fuxing Li
- Department of Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Medicine, Clinical Laboratory of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junqi Zhu
- Department of Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Medicine, Clinical Laboratory of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiaoshi Zhong
- Department of Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Medicine, Clinical Laboratory of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Qiaoshi Zhong, Department of Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Medicine, Clinical Laboratory of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Mingde Road No. 1, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People’s Republic of China, Email
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Feng W, Jiang X, Zhang R, Guo Z, Gao D. Diagnosis of an Acinetobacter pittii from a patient in China with a multiplex PCR-based targeted gene sequencing platform of the cerebrospinal fluid: A case report with literature review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e31130. [PMID: 36281177 PMCID: PMC9592278 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000031130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The traditional diagnosis model has great challenges for the etiological diagnosis of the central nervous system (CNS) diseases with similar clinical manifestations, especially for the diagnosis of rare pathogens. It is very important to make rapid and accurate identification of pathogens for guiding clinical choices in administering countermeasures. CASE SUMMARY On August 22, 2020, a 49 years old Chinese male patient had a headache for two days, and then the computed tomography (CT) scan of the brain showed subarachnoid hemorrhage. Subsequently, he underwent twice craniotomy and about 3 weeks of hospitalization. Since September 20, the patient was in the local rehabilitation hospital for hyperbaric oxygen therapy for about three weeks. Then the patient developed acute purulent meningoencephalitis. In the absence of diagnosis of specific pathogenic bacteria, vancomycin (1 g every 12 hours), ceftazidime (2 g every 8 hours), mannitol dehydration (125 mL, every 8 hours), and sodium valproate (0.4 g tid) was used timely according to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination and clinical manifestations. CSF smear and routine culture test were negative during hospitalization. We used the metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) analysis of CSF for quick and accurate diagnosis, which identified human herpesvirus type 4 (EBV), Corynebacterium corynebacterium, Achromobacter xylose oxidation, and Acinetobacter baumannii, But the mapping degree was not high. Then, we used the modified method-multiplex PCR-based targeted gene sequencing platform (ptNGS) to detect CSF samples and found that the sequences detected were Acinetobacter pittii (A. pittii) and Staphylococcus epidermidis. S. epidermidis might come from skin colonization during lumbar puncture, so it was excluded from the etiological diagnosis. Therefore, we highly suspected that A. pittii was the pathogen in this case. After about three weeks of hospitalization treatment, the patient's symptoms were relieved. CONCLUSION In conclusion, empirical medication before the identification of pathogens is very important. The ptNGS may be an effective method for the diagnosis of pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenliang Feng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Fengtai Youanmen Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xuebin Jiang
- Intensive Care Unit, Renhe Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Rujiang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Yunnan St John’s Hospital, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhendong Guo
- Department of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Daiquan Gao
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Daiquan Gao, Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, No. 45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China (e-mail: )
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Hooper MJ, LeWitt TM, Veon FL, Pang Y, Chlipala GE, Feferman L, Green SJ, Sweeney D, Bagnowski KT, Burns MB, Seed PC, Guitart J, Zhou XA. Nasal Dysbiosis in Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma Is Characterized by Shifts in Relative Abundances of Non- Staphylococcus Bacteria. JID INNOVATIONS 2022; 2:100132. [PMID: 36161104 PMCID: PMC9500465 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjidi.2022.100132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The nasal microbiome of patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) remains unexplored despite growing evidence connecting nasal bacteria to skin health and disease. Nasal swabs from 45 patients with CTCL (40 with mycosis fungoides, 5 with Sézary syndrome) and 20 healthy controls from the same geographical region (Chicago Metropolitan Area, Chicago, IL) were analyzed using sequencing of 16S ribosomal RNA and tuf2 gene amplicons. Nasal α-diversity did not differ between mycosis fungoides/Sézary syndrome and healthy controls (Shannon index, genus level, P = 0.201), but distinct microbial communities were identified at the class (R2 = 0.104, P = 0.023) and order (R2 = 0.0904, P = 0.038) levels. Increased relative abundance of the genera Catenococcus, Vibrio, Roseomonas, Acinetobacter, and unclassified Clostridiales was associated with increased skin disease burden (P < 0.005, q < 0.05). Performed to accurately resolve nasal Staphylococcus at the species level, tuf2 gene amplicon sequencing revealed no significant differences between mycosis fungoides/Sézary syndrome and healthy controls. Although S. aureus has been shown to worsen CTCL through its toxins, no increase in the relative abundance of this taxon was observed in nasal samples. Despite the lack of differences in Staphylococcus, the CTCL nasal microbiome was characterized by shifts in numerous other bacterial taxa. These data add to our understanding of the greater CTCL microbiome and provide context for comprehending nasal-skin and host‒tumor‒microbial relationships.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madeline J. Hooper
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Tessa M. LeWitt
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Francesca L. Veon
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Yanzhen Pang
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - George E. Chlipala
- Research Informatics Core, Research Resources Center, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Leo Feferman
- Research Informatics Core, Research Resources Center, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Stefan J. Green
- Rush Genomics and Microbiome Core Facility, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Dagmar Sweeney
- Genome Research Core, Genome Research Division, Research Resources Center, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Katherine T. Bagnowski
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Michael B. Burns
- Department of Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Patrick C. Seed
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Joan Guitart
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Xiaolong A. Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Tian C, Xing M, Fu L, Zhao Y, Fan X, Wang S. Emergence of uncommon KL38-OCL6-ST220 carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter pittii strain, co-producing chromosomal NDM-1 and OXA-820 carbapenemases. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:943735. [PMID: 36034705 PMCID: PMC9411868 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.943735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To characterize one KL38-OCL6-ST220 carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter pittii strain, co-producing chromosomal NDM-1 and OXA-820 carbapenemases. Methods A. pittii TCM strain was isolated from a bloodstream infection (BSI). Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were conducted via disc diffusion and broth microdilution. Stability experiments of blaNDM-1 and blaOXA-820 carbapenemase genes were further performed. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed on the Illumina and Oxford Nanopore platforms. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was analyzed based on the Pasteur and Oxford schemes. Resistance genes, virulence factors, and insertion sequences (ISs) were identified with ABRicate based on ResFinder 4.0, virulence factor database (VFDB), and ISfinder. Capsular polysaccharide (KL), lipooligosaccharide outer core (OCL), and plasmid reconstruction were tested using Kaptive and PLACNETw. PHASTER was used to predict prophage regions. A comparative genomics analysis of all ST220 A. pittii strains from the public database was carried out. Point mutations, average nucleotide identity (ANI), DNA–DNA hybridization (DDH) distances, and pan-genome analysis were performed. Results A. pittii TCM was ST220Pas and ST1818Oxf with KL38 and OCL6, respectively. It was resistant to imipenem, meropenem, and ciprofloxacin but still susceptible to amikacin, colistin, and tigecycline. WGS revealed that A. pittii TCM contained one circular chromosome and four plasmids. The Tn125 composite transposon, including blaNDM-1, was located in the chromosome with 3-bp target site duplications (TSDs). Many virulence factors and the blaOXA-820 carbapenemase gene were also identified. The stability assays revealed that blaNDM-1 and blaOXA-820 were stabilized by passage in an antibiotic-free medium. Moreover, 12 prophage regions were identified in the chromosome. Phylogenetic analysis showed that there are 11 ST220 A. pittii strains, and one collected from Anhui, China was closely related. All ST220 A. pittii strains presented high ANI and DDH values; they ranged from 99.85% to 100% for ANI and from 97.4% to 99.9% for DDH. Pan-genome analysis revealed 3,200 core genes, 0 soft core genes, 1,571 shell genes, and 933 cloud genes among the 11 ST220 A. pittii strains. Conclusions The coexistence of chromosomal NDM-1 and OXA-820 carbapenemases in A. pittii presents a huge challenge in healthcare settings. Increased surveillance of this species in hospital and community settings is urgently needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chongmei Tian
- Department of Pharmacy, Shaoxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Mengyu Xing
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liping Fu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shaoxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Yaping Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Shaoxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Xueyu Fan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Quzhou People’s Hospital, Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou, China
| | - Siwei Wang
- Core Facility, Quzhou People’s Hospital, Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Siwei Wang,
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Sy CL, Chen PY, Cheng CW, Huang LJ, Wang CH, Chang TH, Chang YC, Chang CJ, Hii IM, Hsu YL, Hu YL, Hung PL, Kuo CY, Lin PC, Liu PY, Lo CL, Lo SH, Ting PJ, Tseng CF, Wang HW, Yang CH, Lee SSJ, Chen YS, Liu YC, Wang FD. Recommendations and guidelines for the treatment of infections due to multidrug resistant organisms. JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY, IMMUNOLOGY, AND INFECTION = WEI MIAN YU GAN RAN ZA ZHI 2022; 55:359-386. [PMID: 35370082 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2022.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial drug resistance is one of the major threats to global health. It has made common infections increasingly difficult or impossible to treat, and leads to higher medical costs, prolonged hospital stays and increased mortality. Infection rates due to multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) are increasing globally. Active agents against MDRO are limited despite an increased in the availability of novel antibiotics in recent years. This guideline aims to assist clinicians in the management of infections due to MDRO. The 2019 Guidelines Recommendations for Evidence-based Antimicrobial agents use in Taiwan (GREAT) working group, comprising of infectious disease specialists from 14 medical centers in Taiwan, reviewed current evidences and drafted recommendations for the treatment of infections due to MDRO. A nationwide expert panel reviewed the recommendations during a consensus meeting in Aug 2020, and the guideline was endorsed by the Infectious Diseases Society of Taiwan (IDST). This guideline includes recommendations for selecting antimicrobial therapy for infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales, and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus. The guideline takes into consideration the local epidemiology, and includes antimicrobial agents that may not yet be available in Taiwan. It is intended to serve as a clinical guide and not to supersede the clinical judgment of physicians in the management of individual patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Len Sy
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pao-Yu Chen
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Wen Cheng
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Ju Huang
- Division of General Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hsun Wang
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tu-Hsuan Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chin Chang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jung Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, MacKay Children's Hospital and MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ing-Moi Hii
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lung Hsu
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, China Medical University Children's Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Li Hu
- Department of Pediatrics, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Lien Hung
- Department of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Yen Kuo
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Children's Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chin Lin
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yen Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Lung Lo
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hao Lo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ju Ting
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Fang Tseng
- Department of Pediatrics, MacKay Children's Hospital and MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Wei Wang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hsiang Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Susan Shin-Jung Lee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yao-Shen Chen
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Ching Liu
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Taipei Medical University Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Der Wang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Genetic Resistance Determinants in Clinical Acinetobacter pittii Genomes. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11050676. [PMID: 35625320 PMCID: PMC9137642 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11050676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogenic bacteria are an increasing problem in public health, especially in the healthcare environment, where nosocomial infection microorganisms find their niche. Among these bacteria, the genus Acinetobacter which belongs to the ESKAPE pathogenic group harbors different multi-drug resistant (MDR) species that cause human nosocomial infections. Although A. baumannii has always attracted more interest, the close-related species A. pittii is the object of more study due to the increase in its isolation and MDR strains. In this work, we present the genomic analysis of five clinically isolated A. pittii strains from a Spanish hospital, with special attention to their genetic resistance determinants and plasmid structures. All the strains harbored different genes related to β-lactam resistance, as well as different MDR efflux pumps. We also found and described, for the first time in this species, point mutations that seem linked with colistin resistance, which highlights the relevance of this comparative analysis among the pathogenic species isolates.
Collapse
|
24
|
Almihyawi RAH, Naman ZT, Al-Hasani HMH, Muhseen ZT, Zhang S, Chen G. Integrated computer-aided drug design and biophysical simulation approaches to determine natural anti-bacterial compounds for Acinetobacter baumannii. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6590. [PMID: 35449379 PMCID: PMC9023527 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10364-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is a nosocomial bacterial pathogen and is responsible for a wide range of diseases including pneumonia, necrotizing fasciitis, meningitis, and sepsis. The enzyme 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate (EPSP) synthase (encoded by aroA gene) in ESKAPE pathogens catalyzes the sixth step of shikimate pathway. The shikimate pathway is an attractive drug targets pathway as it is present in bacteria but absent in humans. As EPSP is essential for the A. baumannii growth and needed during the infection process, therefore it was used as a drug target herein for high-throughput screening of a comprehensive marine natural products database (CMNPD). The objective was to identify natural molecules that fit best at the substrate binding pocket of the enzyme and interact with functionally critical residues. Comparative assessment of the docking scores allowed selection of three compounds namely CMNPD31561, CMNPD28986, and CMNPD28985 as best binding molecules. The molecules established a balanced network of hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions, and the binding pose remained in equilibrium throughout the length of molecular simulation time. Radial distribution function (RDF) analysis projected key residues from enzyme active pocket which actively engaged the inhibitors. Further validation is performed through binding free energies estimation that affirms very low delta energy of <-22 kcal/mol in MM-GBSA method and <-12 kcal/mol in MM-PBSA method. Lastly, the most important active site residues were mutated and their ligand binding potential was re-investigated. The molecules also possess good druglike properties and better pharmacokinetics. Together, these findings suggest the potential biological potency of the leads and thus can be used by experimentalists in vivo and in vitro studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raed A H Almihyawi
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin, China
- Department of Quality Control, Baghdad Water Authority, Mayoralty of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ziad Tareq Naman
- Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Al Mamoon University College, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Halah M H Al-Hasani
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Diyala, Baqubah, Iraq
| | - Ziyad Tariq Muhseen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Sitong Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin, China.
- Key Laboratory of Straw Biology and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Jilin, China.
| | - Guang Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin, China.
- Key Laboratory of Straw Biology and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Jilin, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Abatedaga I, Perez Mora B, Tuttobene M, Müller G, Biancotti D, Borsarelli CD, Valle L, Mussi MA. Characterization of BLUF-photoreceptors present in Acinetobacter nosocomialis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0254291. [PMID: 35442978 PMCID: PMC9020721 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter nosocomialis is a Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen, whose ability to cause disease in humans is well recognized. Blue light has been shown to modulate important physiological traits related to persistence and virulence in this microorganism. In this work, we characterized the three Blue Light sensing Using FAD (BLUF) domain-containing proteins encoded in the A. nosocomialis genome, which account for the only canonical light sensors present in this microorganism. By focusing on a light-modulated bacterial process such as motility, the temperature dependence of light regulation was studied, as well as the expression pattern and spectroscopic characteristics of the different A. nosocomialis BLUFs. Our results show that the BLUF-containing proteins AnBLUF65 and AnBLUF46 encode active photoreceptors in the light-regulatory temperature range when expressed recombinantly. In fact, AnBLUF65 is an active photoreceptor in the temperature range from 15°C to 37°C, while AnBLUF46 between 15°C to 32°C, in vitro. In vivo, only the Acinetobacter baumannii BlsA’s ortholog AnBLUF65 was expressed in A. nosocomialis cells recovered from motility plates. Moreover, complementation assays showed that AnBLUF65 is able to mediate light regulation of motility in A. baumannii ΔblsA strain at 30°C, confirming its role as photoreceptor and in modulation of motility by light. Intra-protein interactions analyzed using 3D models built based on A. baumannii´s BlsA photoreceptor, show that hydrophobic/aromatic intra-protein interactions may contribute to the stability of dark/light- adapted states of the studied proteins, reinforcing the previous notion on the importance of these interactions in BLUF photoreceptors. Overall, the results presented here reveal the presence of BLUF photoreceptors in A. nosocomialis with idiosyncratic characteristics respect to the previously characterized A. baumannii’s BlsA, both regarding the photoactivity temperature-dependency as well as expression patterns, contributing thus to broaden our knowledge on the BLUF family.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inés Abatedaga
- Instituto de Bionanotecnología del NOA (INBIONATEC-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero (UNSE), Santiago del Estero, Argentina
| | - Bárbara Perez Mora
- Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos (CEFOBI-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR), Rosario, Argentina
| | - Marisel Tuttobene
- Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos (CEFOBI-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR), Rosario, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Müller
- Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos (CEFOBI-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR), Rosario, Argentina
| | - Daiana Biancotti
- Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos (CEFOBI-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR), Rosario, Argentina
| | - Claudio D. Borsarelli
- Instituto de Bionanotecnología del NOA (INBIONATEC-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero (UNSE), Santiago del Estero, Argentina
- Instituto de Ciencias Químicas (ICQ), Facultad de Agronomía y Agroindustrias (FAyA), UNSE, Santiago del Estero, Argentina
| | - Lorena Valle
- Instituto de Bionanotecnología del NOA (INBIONATEC-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero (UNSE), Santiago del Estero, Argentina
- Instituto de Ciencias Químicas (ICQ), Facultad de Agronomía y Agroindustrias (FAyA), UNSE, Santiago del Estero, Argentina
- * E-mail: (MAM); (LV)
| | - Maria A. Mussi
- Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos (CEFOBI-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR), Rosario, Argentina
- * E-mail: (MAM); (LV)
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Occurrence of Antibiotic-Resistant Genes and Bacteria in Household Greywater Treated in Constructed Wetlands. WATER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/w14050758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing body of knowledge on the persistence of antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs) and antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) in greywater and greywater treatment systems such as constructed wetlands (CWs). Our research quantified ARGs (sul1, qnrS, and blaCTXM32), class one integron (intI1), and bacterial marker (16S) in four recirculating vertical flow CWs in a small community in the Negev desert, Israel, using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The greywater microbial community was characterized using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Results show that CWs can reduce ARG in greywater by 1–3 log, depending on the gene and the quality of the raw greywater. Community sequencing results showed that the bacterial community composition was not significantly altered after treatment and that Proteobacteria, Epsilonbacteraeota, and Bacteroidetes were the most dominant phyla before and after treatment. Pseudomonas, Citrobacter, Enterobacter, and Aeromonas were the most commonly identified genera of the extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) colonies. Some of the ESBL bacteria identified have been linked to clinical infections (Acinetobacter nosocomialis, Pseudomonas fulva, Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas monteilii, and Roseomonas cervicalis). It is important to monitor intI1 for the potential transfer of ARGs to pathogenic bacteria.
Collapse
|
27
|
Lynch JP, Clark NM, Zhanel GG. Infections Due to Acinetobacter baumannii-calcoaceticus Complex: Escalation of Antimicrobial Resistance and Evolving Treatment Options. Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2022; 43:97-124. [PMID: 35172361 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1741019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Bacteria within the genus Acinetobacter (principally A. baumannii-calcoaceticus complex [ABC]) are gram-negative coccobacilli that most often cause infections in nosocomial settings. Community-acquired infections are rare, but may occur in patients with comorbidities, advanced age, diabetes mellitus, chronic lung or renal disease, malignancy, or impaired immunity. Most common sites of infections include blood stream, skin/soft-tissue/surgical wounds, ventilator-associated pneumonia, orthopaedic or neurosurgical procedures, and urinary tract. Acinetobacter species are intrinsically resistant to multiple antimicrobials, and have a remarkable ability to acquire new resistance determinants via plasmids, transposons, integrons, and resistance islands. Since the 1990s, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has escalated dramatically among ABC. Global spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR)-ABC strains reflects dissemination of a few clones between hospitals, geographic regions, and continents; excessive antibiotic use amplifies this spread. Many isolates are resistant to all antimicrobials except colistimethate sodium and tetracyclines (minocycline or tigecycline); some infections are untreatable with existing antimicrobial agents. AMR poses a serious threat to effectively treat or prevent ABC infections. Strategies to curtail environmental colonization with MDR-ABC require aggressive infection-control efforts and cohorting of infected patients. Thoughtful antibiotic strategies are essential to limit the spread of MDR-ABC. Optimal therapy will likely require combination antimicrobial therapy with existing antibiotics as well as development of novel antibiotic classes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph P Lynch
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care Medicine, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology; Department of Medicine; The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Nina M Clark
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois
| | - George G Zhanel
- Department of Medical Microbiology/Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Max Rady College of Medicine, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Magda M, Bettoni S, Laabei M, Fairley D, Russo TA, Riesbeck K, Blom AM. Clinical Isolates of Acinetobacter spp. Are Highly Serum Resistant Despite Efficient Recognition by the Complement System. Front Immunol 2022; 13:814193. [PMID: 35173727 PMCID: PMC8841485 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.814193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gram-negative bacteria from the genus Acinetobacter are responsible for life-threating hospital-related infections such as pneumonia, septicemia, and meningitis, especially in immunocompromised patients. Worryingly, Acinetobacter have become multi- and extensively drug resistant (MDR/XDR) over the last few decades. The complement system is the first line of defense against microbes, thus it is highly important to increase our understanding of evasion mechanisms used by Acinetobacter spp. Here, we studied clinical isolates of Acinetobacter spp. (n=50), aiming to characterize their recognition by the complement system. Most isolates tested survived 1 h incubation in 30% serum, and only 8 isolates had a lower survival rate, yet none of those isolates were fully killed. Intriguingly, four isolates survived in human whole blood containing all cell component. Their survival was, however, significantly reduced. Flow cytometry analyses revealed that most of the isolates were detected by human IgG and IgM. Interestingly, we could not detect any significant concentration of deposited C1q, despite observing C4b deposition that was abolished in C1q-deficient serum, indicating transient binding of C1q to bacteria. Moreover, several isolates were recognized by MBL, with C4b deposition abolished in MBL-deficient serum. C3b was deposited on most isolates, but this was not, however, seen with respect to C5b and formation of the membrane attack complex (MAC), indicating that many isolates could avoid complement-mediated lysis. India ink staining showed that isolates were capsulated, and capsule thickness varied significantly between isolates. Studies performed on a wild-type strain and capsule mutant strains, demonstrated that the production of a capsular polysaccharide is one mechanism that mediates resistance to complement-mediated bactericidal activity by preventing MAC deposition and lysis. Our data showed that most clinical Acinetobacter spp. isolates are highly serum resistant despite being efficiently recognized by the complement system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michal Magda
- Protein Chemistry, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Serena Bettoni
- Protein Chemistry, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Maisem Laabei
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Derek Fairley
- Department of Microbiology, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas A. Russo
- Veterans Administration Western New York Healthcare System, Department of Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Kristian Riesbeck
- Clinical Microbiology, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Anna M. Blom
- Protein Chemistry, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Anna M. Blom,
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Complete Genome Sequence of Acinetobacter pittii BHS4, Isolated from Air-Conditioning Condensate in Hong Kong. Microbiol Resour Announc 2021; 10:e0088021. [PMID: 34672711 PMCID: PMC8530085 DOI: 10.1128/mra.00880-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter pittii is widespread in the environment, and the Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii complex, to which it belongs, is a major cause of hospital-acquired pneumonia and bacteremia. A. pitti BHS4 was isolated from an air-conditioning unit in Hong Kong and its complete genome sequence (3,901,980 bp; GC content, 38.79%) established through hybrid assembly.
Collapse
|
30
|
Karakonstantis S, Kritsotakis EI. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the proportion and associated mortality of polymicrobial (vs monomicrobial) pulmonary and bloodstream infections by Acinetobacter baumannii complex. Infection 2021; 49:1149-1161. [PMID: 34260054 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-021-01663-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Differentiating Acinetobacter baumannii complex (ABC) infection from colonization remains difficult and further complicated in polymicrobial infections. PURPOSE To assess the frequency of polymicrobial ABC infections and associated mortality. We hypothesized a lower mortality in polymicrobial infections if ABC isolation reflects colonization in some polymicrobial infections. METHODS A systematic review was conducted in PubMed, Scopus and CENTRAL for studies reporting ABC pulmonary and bloodstream infections. The proportion of infections that were polymicrobial and the magnitude of the association between polymicrobial (vs monomicrobial) infection and mortality were estimated with meta-analyses. RESULTS Based on 80 studies (9759 infections) from 23 countries, the pooled proportion of polymicrobial infection was 27% (95% CI 22-31%) and was similarly high for bloodstream and pulmonary infections. Polymicrobial infection was variably and insufficiently defined in most (95%) studies. Considerable heterogeneity (I2 = 95%) was observed that persisted in subgroup analyses and meta-regressions. Based on 17 studies (2675 infections), polymicrobial infection was associated with lower 28-day mortality (OR = 0.75, 95% CI 0.58-0.98, I2 = 36%). However, polymicrobial infection was not associated with in-hospital mortality (OR = 0.97, 95% CI 0.69-1.35, I2 = 0%) based on 14 studies (953 infections). The quality of evidence (GRADE) for the association of polymicrobial (vs monomicrobial) infection with mortality was low and at high risk of bias. CONCLUSION Polymicrobial ABC infections are common and may be associated with lower 28-day mortality. Considering the heterogeneity of polymicrobial infections and limitations of the available literature, more research is required to clarify the clinical impact of polymicrobial (vs monomicrobial) ABC infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stamatis Karakonstantis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71110, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
| | - Evangelos I Kritsotakis
- Laboratory of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Ma C, McClean S. Mapping Global Prevalence of Acinetobacter baumannii and Recent Vaccine Development to Tackle It. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9060570. [PMID: 34205838 PMCID: PMC8226933 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9060570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is a leading cause of nosocomial infections that severely threaten public health. The formidable adaptability and resistance of this opportunistic pathogen have hampered the development of antimicrobial therapies which consequently leads to very limited treatment options. We mapped the global prevalence of multidrug-resistant A. baumannii and showed that carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii is widespread throughout Asia and the Americas. Moreover, when antimicrobial resistance rates of Acinetobacter spp. exceed a threshold level, the proportion of A. baumannii isolates from clinical samples surges. Therefore, vaccines represent a realistic alternative strategy to tackle this pathogen. Research into anti-A. baumannii vaccines have enhanced in the past decade and multiple antigens have been investigated preclinically with varying results. This review summarises the current knowledge of virulence factors relating to A. baumannii–host interactions and its implication in vaccine design, with a view to understanding the current state of A. baumannii vaccine development and the direction of future efforts.
Collapse
|
32
|
Draft Genome Sequences of Various Bacterial Phyla Isolated from the International Space Station. Microbiol Resour Announc 2021; 10:10/17/e00214-21. [PMID: 33927037 PMCID: PMC8086211 DOI: 10.1128/mra.00214-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Whole-genome sequences were generated from 96 bacterial strains of 14 species that were isolated from International Space Station surfaces during the Microbial Tracking 2 study. Continued characterization of this closed habitat's microbiome enables tracking of the spread and evolution of secondary pathogens, which is vital for astronaut health. Whole-genome sequences were generated from 96 bacterial strains of 14 species that were isolated from International Space Station surfaces during the Microbial Tracking 2 study. Continued characterization of this closed habitat's microbiome enables tracking of the spread and evolution of secondary pathogens, which is vital for astronaut health.
Collapse
|
33
|
Said D, Willrich N, Ayobami O, Noll I, Eckmanns T, Markwart R. The epidemiology of carbapenem resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii complex in Germany (2014-2018): an analysis of data from the national Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance system. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2021; 10:45. [PMID: 33648594 PMCID: PMC7923473 DOI: 10.1186/s13756-021-00909-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii complex (CRABC) has globally emerged as a serious public health challenge. This study aimed to describe epidemiological trends and risk factors of carbapenem resistance in A. baumannii complex isolates in Germany between 2014 and 2018.
Methods We analysed 43,948 clinical A. baumannii complex isolates using 2014 to 2018 data from the German Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance system. We applied descriptive statistics and uni- and multivariable regression analyses to investigate carbapenem resistance in A. baumannii complex isolates. Results The proportion of carbapenem resistance in clinical A. baumannii complex isolates declined from 7.6% (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 4.4–12.7%) in 2014 to 3.5% (95% CI 2.5–4.7%) in 2018 (adjusted OR [aOR] 0.85 [95% CI 0.79–0.93, p ≤ 0.001]). Higher mean CRABC proportions for 2014 to 2018 were observed in secondary care hospitals (4.9% [95% CI 3.2–7.5%], aOR 3.6 [95% CI 2.4–5.3, p ≤ 0.001]) and tertiary care hospitals (5.9% [95% CI 3.0–11.2%], aOR 5.4 [95% CI 2.9–10.0, p ≤ 0.001) compared to outpatient clinics (1.3% [95% CI 1.1–1.6%]). CRABC proportions in hospitals varied between German regions and ranged between 2.4% (95% CI 1.6–3.5%) in the Southeast and 8.8% (95% CI 4.2–17.3%) in the Northwest. Lower CRABC proportions were observed in younger patients (< 1 year: 0.6% [95% CI 0.2–1.3%]; 1–19 years: 1.3% [95% CI 0.7–2.5%]) than adults (20–39 years: 7.7% [95% CI 4.4–13.0%]; 40–59 years: 6.2% [4.2–8.9%]; 60–79 years: 5.8% [95% CI 4.0–8.3%]). In the 20–39 year old patient age group, CRABC proportions were significantly higher for men than for women (14.6% [95% CI 8.6–23.6%] vs. 2.5% [95% CI 1.3–4.5%]). A. baumannii complex isolates from lower respiratory infections were more likely to be carbapenem-resistant than isolates from upper respiratory infections (11.4% [95% CI 7.9–16.2%] vs. 4.0% [95% CI 2.7–6.0%]; adjusted OR: 1.5 [95% CI 1.2–1.9, p ≤ 0.001]). Conclusions In contrast to many other regions worldwide, carbapenem resistance proportions among clinical A. baumannii complex isolates are relatively low in Germany and have declined in the last few years. Ongoing efforts in antibiotic stewardship and infection prevention and control are needed to prevent the spread of carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii complex in Germany. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13756-021-00909-8.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dunja Said
- Department 3: Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Unit 37: Healthcare Associated Infections, Surveillance of Antibiotic Resistance and Consumption, Robert Koch Institute, Nordufer 20, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Niklas Willrich
- Department 3: Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Unit 37: Healthcare Associated Infections, Surveillance of Antibiotic Resistance and Consumption, Robert Koch Institute, Nordufer 20, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Olaniyi Ayobami
- Department 3: Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Unit 37: Healthcare Associated Infections, Surveillance of Antibiotic Resistance and Consumption, Robert Koch Institute, Nordufer 20, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ines Noll
- Department 3: Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Unit 37: Healthcare Associated Infections, Surveillance of Antibiotic Resistance and Consumption, Robert Koch Institute, Nordufer 20, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tim Eckmanns
- Department 3: Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Unit 37: Healthcare Associated Infections, Surveillance of Antibiotic Resistance and Consumption, Robert Koch Institute, Nordufer 20, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robby Markwart
- Department 3: Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Unit 37: Healthcare Associated Infections, Surveillance of Antibiotic Resistance and Consumption, Robert Koch Institute, Nordufer 20, 13353, Berlin, Germany. .,Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Bachstraße 18, 07743, Jena, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Na IY, Kwon KT, Ko KS. Plasmids Carrying blaVIM-2 in Acinetobacter nosocomialis and A. seifertii Isolates from South Korea. Microb Drug Resist 2021; 27:1186-1189. [PMID: 33544029 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2020.0442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We identified nine Verona integron-encoded metallo-β-lactamase-2 (VIM-2)-producing Acinetobacter nosocomialis (n = 8) and Acinetobacter seifertii (n = 1) isolates from South Korea and performed whole-plasmid sequencing for two A. nosocomialis isolates and one A. seifertii isolate. Genotyping, antibiotic resistance profiles, and whole plasmid sequences indicated clonal dissemination of the eight VIM-2-producing A. nosocomialis isolates. The plasmid-bearing blaVIM-2 in the A. seifertii isolate differed from those in the A. nosocomialis isolates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- In Young Na
- Department of Microbiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Tae Kwon
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwan Soo Ko
- Department of Microbiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Liu Z, Zhang X, Zhai Q. Clinical investigation of nosocomial infections in adult patients after cardiac surgery. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e24162. [PMID: 33530207 PMCID: PMC7850681 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000024162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Nosocomial infections (NI) are common complications after cardiac surgery. To date, there have been few manuscripts investigating NI in the intensive care unit after cardiac surgery. Our study was designed to investigate the characteristics of the distribution of pathogenic bacteria, antibiotic resistance and risk factors for NI.A total of 1360 patients received standard postoperative care, including antibiotic prophylaxis. Microbiological examinations of sputum, blood, catheter tips and excrement were performed as clinically indicated to isolate pathogens. Thirty potential associated variables were collected and compared between the 2 different groups according to the development of NI using univariate and multivariate analyses.Eighty-nine patients (6.54%) acquired a microbiologically documented NI. There was a significant difference in mortality between the 2 groups with or without postoperative NI (23.60% vs 2.28%, P < .00). A total of 98 pathogens (73.13%) were isolated from sputum, 32 pathogens (23.88%) from blood and only 1 (0.75%) from urine. Three (2.24%) surgical site infections were detected, including 2 superficial surgical site infections and 1 mediastinitis. The most common pathogens were Gram-negative bacteria (78.36%), followed by Gram-positive bacteria (14.93%) and fungi (6.71%). The major pathogenic species had different levels of drug resistance, and most of them exhibited multidrug resistance. Six out of thirty variables were identified as independent risk factors for the development of NI, namely, duration of surgery, low cardiac output syndrome, continuous veno-venous hemofiltration, mechanical ventilation time, reintubation and tracheostomy.We analyzed the characteristics of the distribution of pathogens, antibiotic resistance and risk factors for NI in our center and provided some suggestions for clinical practice. In addition to antibiotic treatment, avoidance of risk factors and aggressive infection control measures may be crucial to stop or prevent outbreaks.
Collapse
|
36
|
Genomic Characterization of Clinical Extensively Drug-Resistant Acinetobacter pittii Isolates. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9020242. [PMID: 33503968 PMCID: PMC7912037 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9020242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter pittii (CRAP) is a causative agent of nosocomial infections. This study aimed to characterize clinical isolates of CRAP from a tertiary hospital in Northeast Thailand. Six isolates were confirmed as extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter pittii (XDRAP). The blaNDM-1 gene was detected in three isolates, whereas blaIMP-14 and blaIMP-1 were detected in the others. Multilocus sequence typing with the Pasteur scheme revealed ST220 in two isolates, ST744 in two isolates, and ST63 and ST396 for the remaining two isolates, respectively. Genomic characterization revealed that six XDRAP genes contained antimicrobial resistance genes: ST63 (A436) and ST396 (A1) contained 10 antimicrobial resistance genes, ST220 (A984 and A864) and ST744 (A56 and A273) contained 9 and 8 antimicrobial resistance genes, respectively. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) phylogenetic tree revealed that the isolates A984 and A864 were closely related to A. pittii YB-45 (ST220) from China, while A436 was related to A. pittii WCHAP100020, also from China. A273 and A56 isolates (ST744) were clustered together; these isolates were closely related to strains 2014S07-126, AP43, and WCHAP005069, which were isolated from Taiwan and China. Strict implementation of infection control based upon the framework of epidemiological analyses is essential to prevent outbreaks and contain the spread of the pathogen. Continued surveillance and close monitoring with molecular epidemiological tools are needed.
Collapse
|
37
|
Govender R, Amoah ID, Kumari S, Bux F, Stenström TA. Detection of multidrug resistant environmental isolates of acinetobacter and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: a possible threat for community acquired infections? JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2020; 56:213-225. [PMID: 33378222 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2020.1865747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Acinetobacter spp. and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia are bacteria commonly associated with infections at the clinical settings. Reports of infections caused by environmental isolates are rare. Therefore, this study focused on determination of the antibiotic resistance patterns, antibiotic resistance genes, efflux pumps and virulence signatures of Acinetobacter spp. and S. maltophilia recovered from river water, plant rhizosphere and river sediment samples. The isolates were identified and confirmed using biochemical tests and PCR. The antimicrobial resistance profiles of the isolates were determined using Kirby Bauer disk diffusion assay and presence of antibiotic resistance and virulence genes were detected using PCR. S. maltophilia was more frequent in plant rhizosphere and sediment samples than the water samples. Acinetobacter spp. were mostly resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (96% of isolates), followed by polymyxin b (86%), cefixime (54%), colistin (42%), ampicillin (35%) and meropenem (19%). The S. maltophilia isolates displayed total resistance (100%) to trimethoprim- sulfamethoxazole, meropenem, imipenem, ampicillin and cefixime, while 80% of the isolates were resistant to ceftazidime. Acinetobacter spp. contained different antibiotic resistance genes such as sul1 (24% of isolates), sul2 (29%), blaOXA 23/51 (21%) and blaTEM (29%), while S. maltophilia harbored sul1 (8%) and blaTEM (20%). Additionally, efflux pump genes were present in all S. maltophilia isolates. The presence of multidrug resistant Acinetobacter spp. and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in surface water raises concerns for community-acquired infections as this water is directly been used by the community for various purposes. Therefore, there is the need to institute measures aimed at reducing the risks of these infections and the resulting burden this may have on the health care system within the study area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reshme Govender
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
| | - Isaac D Amoah
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
| | - Sheena Kumari
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
| | - Faizal Bux
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
| | - Thor A Stenström
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Ayibieke A, Kobayashi A, Suzuki M, Sato W, Mahazu S, Prah I, Mizoguchi M, Moriya K, Hayashi T, Suzuki T, Iwanaga S, Ablordey A, Saito R. Prevalence and Characterization of Carbapenem-Hydrolyzing Class D β-Lactamase-Producing Acinetobacter Isolates From Ghana. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:587398. [PMID: 33281784 PMCID: PMC7691484 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.587398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Multidrug resistance, especially carbapenem resistance in Acinetobacter bacteria is a global healthcare concern. However, available data on the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of Acinetobacter isolates from West Africa, including Ghana is scanty. Our aim was to investigate the antibiotic resistance profile and genotypic characteristics of Acinetobacter isolates from Ghana and to characterize carbapenemase producers using whole-genome sequencing (WGS). A total of 36 Acinetobacter isolates collected at three hospitals in Ghana between 2016 and 2017 were analyzed. MICs were determined by commercial antibiotic plates. Acinetobacter baumannii MLST was determined using the Pasteur scheme. WGS of OXA-carbapenemase producers was performed using short- and long-read sequencing strategies. The resistance rate was highest for trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (n = 22; 61%). Six (16.7%) and eight (22.2%) isolates were resistant to ceftazidime and colistin, respectively. Two (5.6%) isolates were resistant and one (2.8%) isolate had intermediate sensitivity to three carbapenems. Fifteen STs were identified in 24 A. baumannii isolates including six new STs (ST1467 ∼ ST1472). ST78 was the predominant (n = 6) followed by ST1469 (n = 3). Four carbapenemase-producing A. baumannii isolates also were identified. Isogenic ST103 isolates Ab-B004d-c and Ab-D10a-a harbored blaOXA–23 within Tn2007 on identical plasmids, pAb-B004d-c_3, and pAb-D10a-a_3. ST1472 isolate Ab-C102 and ST107 isolate Ab-C63 carried blaOXA–58 and blaOXA–420, a rare blaOXA–58 variant, respectively, within novel genetic contexts. Our results show that A. baumannii isolates of diverse and unique genotypes, including OXA-carbapenemase producers, are circulating in Ghana highlighting the need for a wider surveillance of antimicrobial resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alafate Ayibieke
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayumi Kobayashi
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masato Suzuki
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wakana Sato
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Samiratu Mahazu
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Environmental Parasitology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Isaac Prah
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Molecular Virology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miyuki Mizoguchi
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kyoji Moriya
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takaya Hayashi
- Department of Molecular Virology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Suzuki
- Department of Bacterial Pathogenesis, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shiroh Iwanaga
- Department of Environmental Parasitology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Anthony Ablordey
- Department of Bacteriology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Ryoichi Saito
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Mancilla-Rojano J, Ochoa SA, Reyes-Grajeda JP, Flores V, Medina-Contreras O, Espinosa-Mazariego K, Parra-Ortega I, Rosa-Zamboni DDL, Castellanos-Cruz MDC, Arellano-Galindo J, Cevallos MA, Hernández-Castro R, Xicohtencatl-Cortes J, Cruz-Córdova A. Molecular Epidemiology of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus- Acinetobacter baumannii Complex Isolated From Children at the Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:576673. [PMID: 33178158 PMCID: PMC7593844 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.576673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii (Acb) complex is regarded as a group of phenotypically indistinguishable opportunistic pathogens responsible for mainly causing hospital-acquired pneumonia and bacteremia. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of isolation of the species that constitute the Acb complex, as well as their susceptibility to antibiotics, and their distribution at the Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gomez (HIMFG). A total of 88 strains previously identified by Vitek 2®, 40 as Acinetobacter baumannii and 48 as Acb complex were isolated from 52 children from 07, January 2015 to 28, September 2017. A. baumannii accounted for 89.77% (79/88) of the strains; Acinetobacter pittii, 6.82% (6/88); and Acinetobacter nosocomialis, 3.40% (3/88). Most strains were recovered mainly from patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) and emergency wards. Blood cultures (BC) provided 44.32% (39/88) of strains. The 13.63% (12/88) of strains were associated with primary bacteremia, 3.4% (3/88) with secondary bacteremia, and 2.3% (2/88) with pneumonia. In addition, 44.32% (39/88) were multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains and, 11.36% (10/88) were extensively drug-resistant (XDR). All strains amplified the blaOXA-51 gene; 51.13% (45/88), the blaOXA-23 gene; 4.54% (4/88), the blaOXA-24 gene; and 2.27% (2/88), the blaOXA-58 gene. Plasmid profiles showed that the strains had 1–6 plasmids. The strains were distributed in 52 pulsotypes, and 24 showed identical restriction patterns, with a correlation coefficient of 1.0. Notably, some strains with the same pulsotype were isolated from different patients, wards, or years, suggesting the persistence of more than one clone. Twenty-seven sequence types (STs) were determined for the strains based on a Pasteur multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme using massive sequencing; the most prevalent was ST 156 (27.27%, 24/88). The Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)-Cas I-Fb system provided amplification in A. baumannii and A. pittii strains (22.73%, 20/88). This study identified an increased number of MDR strains and the relationship among strains through molecular typing. The data suggest that more than one strain could be causing an infection in some patient. The implementation of molecular epidemiology allowed the characterization of a set of strains and identification of different attributes associated with its distribution in a specific environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jetsi Mancilla-Rojano
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Bacteriología Intestinal, Subdirección de Gestión de la Investigación, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, CDMX, Mexico.,Facultad de Medicina, Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Sara A Ochoa
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Bacteriología Intestinal, Subdirección de Gestión de la Investigación, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Juan Pablo Reyes-Grajeda
- Subdirección de Desarrollo de Aplicaciones Clínicas, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Víctor Flores
- Unidad de Genómica Avanzada, Laboratorio Nacional de Genómica para la Biodiversidad, Irapuato, Mexico
| | - Oscar Medina-Contreras
- Unidad de Investigación Epidemiológica en Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Karina Espinosa-Mazariego
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Bacteriología Intestinal, Subdirección de Gestión de la Investigación, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Israel Parra-Ortega
- Departamento de Laboratorio Clínico, Laboratorio Central, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, CDMX, Mexico
| | | | | | - José Arellano-Galindo
- Unidad de investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Subdirección de Gestión de la Investigación, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Miguel A Cevallos
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Programa de Genómica Evolutiva, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | | | - Juan Xicohtencatl-Cortes
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Bacteriología Intestinal, Subdirección de Gestión de la Investigación, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Ariadnna Cruz-Córdova
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Bacteriología Intestinal, Subdirección de Gestión de la Investigación, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, CDMX, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Kang FY, How CK, Wang YC, Cheng A, Yang YS, Kuo SC, Liu CP, Liu YM, Chen TL, Lee YT. Influence of severity of infection on the effect of appropriate antimicrobial therapy for Acinetobacter baumannii bacteremic pneumonia. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2020; 9:160. [PMID: 32993810 PMCID: PMC7523485 DOI: 10.1186/s13756-020-00824-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The impact of appropriate antimicrobial therapy for A. baumannii bacteremic pneumonia has not been well established due to the inclusion of the three phenotypically indistinguishable Acinetobacter species and confounding factors including underlying diseases and severity of infection. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the impact of appropriate antimicrobial therapy on 14-day mortality in A. baumannii bacteremic pneumonia patients after adjusting for risk factors. Methods This study was conducted at five medical centers in Taiwan between July 2012 and June 2016. A. baumannii species identification was performed using reference molecular methods. Risk factors for 14-day mortality were analyzed via logistic regression. The interaction between the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score and appropriate antimicrobial therapy was assessed using the logistic model. Results A total of 336 patients with monomicrobial A. baumannii bacteremic pneumonia were included in this study. The overall 14-day mortality rate was 47.3%. The crude mortality of appropriate antimicrobial therapy was 35.9% (57 of 151 patients). Appropriate antimicrobial therapy was associated with a lower mortality after multivariate adjustment (odds ratio [OR], 0.57; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.34–0.97; p = 0.04), and the effect was influenced by APACHE II score (OR for interaction term, 0.0098; 95% CI, 0.0005–0.1885; p = 0.002). Further analysis demonstrated that appropriate antimicrobial therapy significantly reduced 14-day mortality among the patients with an APACHE II score > 35 (OR 0.0098; 95% CI 0.0005–0.1885). Conclusion Appropriate antimicrobial therapy decreases 14-day mortality of the most severely ill patients with A. baumannii bacteremic pneumonia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Yu Kang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No.201, Section 2, Shipai Road, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan
| | - Chorng-Kuang How
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No.201, Section 2, Shipai Road, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Chih Wang
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Aristine Cheng
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Sung Yang
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chen Kuo
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institute, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Pan Liu
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuag-Meng Liu
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Te-Li Chen
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Tzu Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No.201, Section 2, Shipai Road, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan. .,Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Kaur R, Singh D, Kesavan AK, Kaur R. Molecular characterization and antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial isolates present in tap water of public toilets. Int Health 2020; 12:472-483. [PMID: 31693132 PMCID: PMC7443727 DOI: 10.1093/inthealth/ihz074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study was carried out to investigate the tap water quality of public toilets in Amritsar, Punjab, India. METHODS Water samples from the taps of the public toilets were collected in sterile containers and physicochemical and bacteriological analysis was performed using standard methods. Also, genotypic and phenotypic characterization of the bacterial isolates was performed using different biochemical tests and 16S ribosomal RNA analysis. An antibiotic susceptibility test was performed using antibiotics based on their mode of action. A biofilm assay was performed to assess the adhesion potential of the isolates. RESULTS A total of 25 bacterial isolates were identified from the water samples, including Acinetobacter junii, Acinetobacter pittii, Acinetobacter haemolyticus, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus marisflavi, Bacillus flexus, Bacillus oceanisediminis, Pseudomonas otitidis, Pseudomonas sp. RR013, Pseudomonas sp. RR021, Pseudomonas sp. RR022, Escherichia coli and Enterobacter cloacae. The results of the antimicrobial susceptibility test revealed that the antibiotics cefodroxil, aztreonam, nitrofurantoin, cefepime, ceftazidime and amoxyclav were found to be mostly ineffective against various isolates. The biofilm assay revealed the weak, moderate and strong biofilm producers among them. CONCLUSIONS The tap water in the public toilets was microbially contaminated and needs to be monitored carefully. The antibiotic susceptibility profile showed that of 25 bacterial isolates, 5 were multidrug resistant. Bacterial isolates exhibited strong to weak adhesion potential in the biofilm assay.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajanbir Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Drishtant Singh
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Anup Kumar Kesavan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Rajinder Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Castro-Jaimes S, Bello-López E, Velázquez-Acosta C, Volkow-Fernández P, Lozano-Zarain P, Castillo-Ramírez S, Cevallos MA. Chromosome Architecture and Gene Content of the Emergent Pathogen Acinetobacter haemolyticus. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:926. [PMID: 32670207 PMCID: PMC7326120 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter haemolyticus is a Gammaproteobacterium that has been involved in serious diseases frequently linked to the nosocomial environment. Most of the strains causing such infections are sensitive to a wide variety of antibiotics, but recent reports indicate that this pathogen is acquiring very efficiently carbapenem-resistance determinants like the blaNDM-1 gene, all over the world. With this work we contribute with a collection set of 31 newly sequenced nosocomial A. haemolyticus isolates. Genome analysis of these sequences and others collected from RefSeq indicates that their chromosomes are organized in 12 syntenic blocks that contain most of the core genome genes. These blocks are separated by hypervariable regions that are rich in unique gene families, but also have signals of horizontal gene transfer. Genes involved in virulence or encoding different secretion systems are located inside syntenic regions and have recombination signals. The relative order of the synthetic blocks along the A. haemolyticus chromosome can change, indicating that they have been subject to several kinds of inversions. Genomes of this microorganism show large differences in gene content even if they are in the same clade. Here we also show that A. haemolyticus has an open pan-genome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Semiramis Castro-Jaimes
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Programa de Genómica Evolutiva, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Elena Bello-López
- Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Posgrado en Microbiología, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | | | | | - Patricia Lozano-Zarain
- Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Posgrado en Microbiología, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Santiago Castillo-Ramírez
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Programa de Genómica Evolutiva, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Miguel Angel Cevallos
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Programa de Genómica Evolutiva, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Antibiotic Susceptibility, Clonality, and Molecular Characterization of Carbapenem-Resistant Clinical Isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii from Washington DC. Int J Microbiol 2020; 2020:2120159. [PMID: 32695174 PMCID: PMC7368205 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2120159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of carbapenem-resistant (CR) strains of Acinetobacter baumannii is reported to contribute to the severity of several nosocomial infections, especially in critically ill patients in intensive care units. The present study aims to determine the antibiotic susceptibility, clonality, and genetic mechanism of carbapenem resistance in twenty-eight Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from four hospitals in Washington DC. The antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates was determined by VITEK 2 analyses, while PCR was used to examine the presence of antibiotic-resistant genes and mobile genetic elements. Trilocus multiplex-PCR was used along with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) for strain typing and for accessing clonal relationships among the isolates. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing indicated that 46% of the isolates were carbapenem-resistant and possessed MDR and XDR phenotypes. PFGE clustered the 28 isolates into seven clonal (C1–C7) complexes based on >75% similarity cut-off. Thirty-six percent of the isolates belonged to international clone II, while 29% were assigned to Group 4 by trilocus multiplex-PCR. Although the blaOXA-51-like gene was found in all the isolates, only 36% were positive for the blaOXA-23-like gene. PCR analysis also found a metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) gene (blaVIM) in 71% of the isolates. Of the 13 CR isolates, 8 were PCR positive for both blaVIM and blaOXA-23-like genes, while 5 harbored only blaVIM gene. This study revealed the emergence of VIM carbapenemase-producing A. baumannii isolates, which has not been previously reported in the United States.
Collapse
|
44
|
Cheng M, Luo M, Xi H, Zhao Y, Le S, Chen LK, Tan D, Guan Y, Wang T, Han W, Wu N, Zhu T, Gu J. The characteristics and genome analysis of vB_ApiP_XC38, a novel phage infecting Acinetobacter pittii. Virus Genes 2020; 56:498-507. [PMID: 32449140 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-020-01766-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Acinetobacter pittii is an important pathogen causing nosocomial infection worldwide. In this study, a multidrug-resistant A. pittii ABC38 was used as host bacterium to isolate the lytic phage vB_ApiP_XC38. The biological characteristics of vB_ApiP_XC38 were studied and the genome was sequenced and analyzed. vB_ApiP_XC38 belonged to Podoviridae family. The phage had double-stranded genome, which comprised 79,328 bp with 39.58% G+C content displaying very low similarity (< 1% identity) with published genomes of other phages and bacteria. A total of 97 open reading frames (ORFs) were predicted and contained nucleotide metabolism and replication module, structural components module, and lysis module. The ANI, AAI, and phylogenetic analysis indicated that all phages were found distant from vB_ApiP_XC38. Altogether, morphological, genomics, and phylogenetic analysis suggest that vB_ApiP_XC38 is more likely a novel phage of A. pittii.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengjun Cheng
- Shanghai Institute of Phage, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China
| | - Man Luo
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Hengyu Xi
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Yunze Zhao
- Shanghai Institute of Phage, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China
| | - Shuai Le
- Shanghai Institute of Phage, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China.,Department of Microbiology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Li-Kuang Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Phage, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China
| | - Demeng Tan
- Shanghai Institute of Phage, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China
| | - Yuan Guan
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Tianqi Wang
- College of Clinical Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Wenyu Han
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China.,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonose, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Nannan Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Phage, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China.
| | - Tongyu Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Phage, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China.
| | - Jingmin Gu
- Shanghai Institute of Phage, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China. .,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Chang YY, Yang YS, Wu SL, Wang YC, Chen TL, Lee YT. Comparison of Cefepime-Cefpirome and Carbapenem Therapy for Acinetobacter Bloodstream Infection in a Multicenter Study. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2020; 64:e02392-19. [PMID: 32179523 PMCID: PMC7269511 DOI: 10.1128/aac.02392-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbapenems are currently the preferred agents for the treatment of serious Acinetobacter infections. However, whether cefepime-cefpirome can be used to treat an Acinetobacter bloodstream infection (BSI) if it is active against the causative pathogen(s) is not clear. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of cefepime-cefpirome and carbapenem monotherapy in patients with Acinetobacter BSI. The population included 360 patients with monomicrobial Acinetobacter BSI receiving appropriate antimicrobial therapy admitted to four medical centers in Taiwan in 2012 to 2017. The predictors of 30-day mortality were determined by Cox regression analysis. The overall 30-day mortality rate in the appropriate antibiotic treatment group was 25.0% (90/360 patients). The crude 30-day mortality rates for cefepime-cefpirome and carbapenem therapy were 11.5% (7/61 patients) and 26.3% (21/80 patients), respectively. The patients receiving cefepime-cefpirome or carbapenem therapy were infected by Acinetobacter nosocomialis (51.8%), Acinetobacter baumannii (18.4%), and Acinetobacter pittii (12.1%). After adjusting for age, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, invasive procedures, and underlying diseases, cefepime-cefpirome therapy was not independently associated with a higher or lower 30-day mortality rate compared to that with the carbapenem therapy. SOFA score (hazard ratio [HR], 1.324; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.137 to 1.543; P < 0.001) and neutropenia (HR, 7.060; 95% CI, 1.607 to 31.019; P = 0.010) were independent risk factors for 30-day mortality of patients receiving cefepime-cefpirome or carbapenem monotherapy. The incidence densities of 30-day mortality for cefepime-cefpirome versus carbapenem therapy were 0.40% versus 1.04%, respectively. The therapeutic response of cefepime-cefpirome therapy was comparable to that with carbapenems among patients with Acinetobacter BSI receiving appropriate antimicrobial therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yea-Yuan Chang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei City Hospital Renai Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Sung Yang
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Liang Wu
- School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Yung-Chih Wang
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Yi-Tzu Lee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Ramirez MS, Bonomo RA, Tolmasky ME. Carbapenemases: Transforming Acinetobacter baumannii into a Yet More Dangerous Menace. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10050720. [PMID: 32384624 PMCID: PMC7277208 DOI: 10.3390/biom10050720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is a common cause of serious nosocomial infections. Although community-acquired infections are observed, the vast majority occur in people with preexisting comorbidities. A. baumannii emerged as a problematic pathogen in the 1980s when an increase in virulence, difficulty in treatment due to drug resistance, and opportunities for infection turned it into one of the most important threats to human health. Some of the clinical manifestations of A. baumannii nosocomial infection are pneumonia; bloodstream infections; lower respiratory tract, urinary tract, and wound infections; burn infections; skin and soft tissue infections (including necrotizing fasciitis); meningitis; osteomyelitis; and endocarditis. A. baumannii has an extraordinary genetic plasticity that results in a high capacity to acquire antimicrobial resistance traits. In particular, acquisition of resistance to carbapenems, which are among the antimicrobials of last resort for treatment of multidrug infections, is increasing among A. baumannii strains compounding the problem of nosocomial infections caused by this pathogen. It is not uncommon to find multidrug-resistant (MDR, resistance to at least three classes of antimicrobials), extensively drug-resistant (XDR, MDR plus resistance to carbapenems), and pan-drug-resistant (PDR, XDR plus resistance to polymyxins) nosocomial isolates that are hard to treat with the currently available drugs. In this article we review the acquired resistance to carbapenems by A. baumannii. We describe the enzymes within the OXA, NDM, VIM, IMP, and KPC groups of carbapenemases and the coding genes found in A. baumannii clinical isolates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Soledad Ramirez
- Center for Applied Biotechnology Studies, Department of Biological Science, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92831, USA;
| | - Robert A. Bonomo
- Medical Service and GRECC, Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
- Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Biochemistry, Proteomics and Bioinformatics; Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- WRU-Cleveland VAMC Center for Antimicrobial Resistance and Epidemiology (Case VA CARES), Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Marcelo E. Tolmasky
- Center for Applied Biotechnology Studies, Department of Biological Science, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92831, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +657-278-5263
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Phenotypic Activity of Efflux Pumps by Carbonyl Cyanide M-Chlorophenyl Hydrazone (CCCP) and Mutations in GyrA and ParC Genes Among Ciprofloxacin-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Isolates. Jundishapur J Microbiol 2020. [DOI: 10.5812/jjm.99435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|
48
|
Ruiz de Alegría-Puig C, De-Malet-Pintos-Fonseca A, Angulo-López I, Agüero-Balbín J, Marco F, Cayô R, Roca I, Vila J, Martínez-Martínez L. Evaluation of Vitek-MS™ and Microflex LT™ commercial systems for identification of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii complex. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 2020; 39:9-13. [PMID: 32307128 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2020.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acinetobacter is a genus that comprises a group of opportunistic pathogens responsible for a variety of nosocomial infections. The Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-Acinetobacter baumannii (Acb) complex includes some species of clinical importance, mainly A. baumannii, A. pittii and A. nosocomialis, which share phenotypic similarities that make it very difficult to distinguish between them using a phenotypic approach. The aim of this study was to evaluate two commercial matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) systems for the identification of different Acinetobacter species, with a special focus among those belonging to the Acb complex. METHODS One hundred and fifty-six Acinetobacter spp. clinical strains, identified by amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA) and rpoB gene sequencing, were analysed by two different MALDI-TOF systems. RESULTS Considering only the 144 strains of the Acb complex evaluated in this study, the Vitek-MS™ and Microflex LT™ systems correctly identified 129 (89.6%) and 143 (99.3%) strains, respectively. CONCLUSION After analysing 156 strains belonging to Acinetobacter spp., both Vitek-MS™ and Microflex LT™ proved to be rapid and accurate systems for the identification of Acb complex species showing a good correlation. However, both manufacturers should improve their databases to include new species in them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Itziar Angulo-López
- Microbiology Service, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
| | - Jesús Agüero-Balbín
- Microbiology Service, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain; Department of Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Francesc Marco
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clinic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Clinical Microbiology. Hospital Clinic-Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Cayô
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Laboratório de Inmunologia e Bacteriologia (LIB), Setor de Biologia Molecular, Microbiologia e Inmunologia - Departamento de Ciências Biológicas (DCB), Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas (ICAQF), Diadema, SP, Brazil; Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, Laboratório Alerta, Disciplina de Infectología, Departamento de Medicina, Escola Paulista de Medicina - EPM, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ignasi Roca
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clinic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Vila
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clinic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Clinical Microbiology. Hospital Clinic-Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luis Martínez-Martínez
- Unit of Microbiology, University Hospital Reina Sofia, Cordoba, Spain; Department of Microbiology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Spain
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Ayoub Moubareck C, Hammoudi Halat D. Insights into Acinetobacter baumannii: A Review of Microbiological, Virulence, and Resistance Traits in a Threatening Nosocomial Pathogen. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9030119. [PMID: 32178356 PMCID: PMC7148516 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9030119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Being a multidrug-resistant and an invasive pathogen, Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the major causes of nosocomial infections in the current healthcare system. It has been recognized as an agent of pneumonia, septicemia, meningitis, urinary tract and wound infections, and is associated with high mortality. Pathogenesis in A. baumannii infections is an outcome of multiple virulence factors, including porins, capsules, and cell wall lipopolysaccharide, enzymes, biofilm production, motility, and iron-acquisition systems, among others. Such virulence factors help the organism to resist stressful environmental conditions and enable development of severe infections. Parallel to increased prevalence of infections caused by A. baumannii, challenging and diverse resistance mechanisms in this pathogen are well recognized, with major classes of antibiotics becoming minimally effective. Through a wide array of antibiotic-hydrolyzing enzymes, efflux pump changes, impermeability, and antibiotic target mutations, A. baumannii models a unique ability to maintain a multidrug-resistant phenotype, further complicating treatment. Understanding mechanisms behind diseases, virulence, and resistance acquisition are central to infectious disease knowledge about A. baumannii. The aims of this review are to highlight infections and disease-producing factors in A. baumannii and to touch base on mechanisms of resistance to various antibiotic classes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carole Ayoub Moubareck
- College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Dubai P.O. Box 144534, UAE
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +971-4-402-1745
| | - Dalal Hammoudi Halat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Bekaa Campuses 1103, Lebanon;
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Yum JH. High Prevalence and Genotypic Characterization of Metallo-β-Lactamase (MBL)-Producing Acinetobacter spp. Isolates Disseminated in a Korean Hospital. KOREAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.15324/kjcls.2019.51.4.444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jong Hwa Yum
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Dongeui University, Busan, Korea
| |
Collapse
|