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Amini N, Nejaddehbashi F, Badavi M, Bayati V, Zahra Basir. Combined effect of naringin and adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell on cisplatin nephrotoxicity through Sirtuin1/Nrf-2/HO-1 signaling pathway: a promising nephroprotective candidate. Cell Tissue Res 2024:10.1007/s00441-024-03902-w. [PMID: 38953985 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-024-03902-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Cisplatin nephrotoxicity is a well-known emergency clinical condition caused by oxidative stress and inflammation. Naringin (NAR) is considered an antioxidant agent with renoprotective effects capable of removing reactive oxygen species. Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) are reported to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The present research examined the renoprotective effect of the combination of NAR and AD-MSCs as opposed to each one alone on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity through SIRT-1/Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway. This study included five groups (n = 8 each) of male Sprague-Dawley rats (200 - 220 g): sham, cisplatin: rats receiving cisplatin (6.5 mg/kg, i.p.) on the 4th day; NAR+cisplatin: rats pretreated with NAR (1 week, i.p.) + cisplatin on the 4th day; AD-MSCs: rats receiving AD-MSCs (1 × 106) by injection through the tail vein on the 5th day + cisplatin on the 4th day; and NAR+AD-MSCs+cisplatin. On the 8th day, the animals were anesthetized to obtain tissue and blood samples. Biochemical factors, inflammation, oxidative stress, and gene expression were explored. Cisplatin increased blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Moreover, mRNA expression of Sirtuin1, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2), and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) remarkably reduced. Furthermore, cisplatin led to a disturbance in kidney structure (glomerular atrophy, cell infiltrations, and tubular dysfunction) as confirmed by histology findings. However, NAR pretreatment, AD-MSC administration, or a combination of both significantly reversed these changes. Overall, when used together, NAR and AD-MSCs had stronger cisplatin-induced effects on kidney dysfunction by inhibiting inflammation, reducing oxidative stress, and increasing the Sirtuin1/Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negin Amini
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Fereshteh Nejaddehbashi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Badavi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Vahid Bayati
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Zahra Basir
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
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Li C, Jiang M, Chen Z, Hu Q, Liu Z, Wang J, Yin X, Wang J, Wu M. The neuroprotective effects of normobaric oxygen therapy after stroke. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14858. [PMID: 39009510 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke, including ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, is a severe and prevalent acute cerebrovascular disease. The development of hypoxia following stroke can trigger a cascade of pathological events, including mitochondrial dysfunction, energy deficiency, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and excitotoxicity, all of which are often associated with unfavorable prognosis. Nonetheless, a noninvasive intervention, referred to as normobaric hyperoxia (NBO), is known to have neuroprotective effects against stroke. RESULTS NBO can exert neuroprotective effects through various mechanisms, such as the rescue of hypoxic tissues, preservation of the blood-brain barrier, reduction of brain edema, alleviation of neuroinflammation, improvement of mitochondrial function, mitigation of oxidative stress, reduction of excitotoxicity, and inhibition of apoptosis. These mechanisms may help improve the prognosis of stroke patients. CONCLUSIONS This review summarizes the mechanism by which hypoxia causes brain injury and how NBO can act as a neuroprotective therapy to treat stroke. We conclude that NBO has significant potential for treating stroke and may represent a novel therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Li
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Min Jiang
- Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhiying Chen
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qiongqiong Hu
- Department of Neurology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ziying Liu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Junmin Wang
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaoping Yin
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Moxin Wu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
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Sun Z, Liu K, Liang C, Wen L, Wu J, Liu X, Li X. Diosmetin as a promising natural therapeutic agent: In vivo, in vitro mechanisms, and clinical studies. Phytother Res 2024; 38:3660-3694. [PMID: 38748620 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Diosmetin, a natural occurring flavonoid, is primarily found in citrus fruits, beans, and other plants. Diosmetin demonstrates a variety of pharmacological activities, including anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, metabolic regulation, cardiovascular function improvement, estrogenic effects, and others. The process of literature search was done using PubMed, Web of Science and ClinicalTrials databases with search terms containing Diosmetin, content, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, pharmacological activity, pharmacokinetics, in vivo, and in vitro. The aim of this review is to summarize the in vivo, in vitro and clinical studies of Diosmetin over the last decade, focusing on studies related to its anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities. It is found that DIO has significant therapeutic effects on skin and cardiovascular system diseases, and its research in pharmacokinetics and toxicology is summarized. It provides the latest information for researchers and points out the limitations of current research and areas that should be strengthened in future research, so as to facilitate the relevant scientific research and clinical application of DIO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Kai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chuipeng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jijiao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaolian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaofang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Tanum J, Kim H, Lee S, Kim A, Korostoff J, Hwang G. Photobiomodulation of Gingival Cells Challenged with Viable Oral Microbes. J Dent Res 2024; 103:745-754. [PMID: 38700089 PMCID: PMC11191660 DOI: 10.1177/00220345241246529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The oral cavity, a unique ecosystem harboring diverse microorganisms, maintains health through a balanced microflora. Disruption may lead to disease, emphasizing the protective role of gingival epithelial cells (GECs) in preventing harm from pathogenic oral microbes. Shifting GECs' response from proinflammatory to antimicrobial could be a novel strategy for periodontitis. Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT), a nonpharmacologic host modulatory approach, is considered an alternative to drugs. While the host cell response induced by a single type of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) was widely studied, this model does not address the cellular response to intact microbes that exhibit multiple PAMPs that might modulate the response. Inspired by this, we developed an in vitro model that simulates direct interactions between host cells and intact pathogens and evaluated the effect of PBMT on the response of human gingival keratinocytes (HGKs) to challenge viable oral microbes at both the cellular and molecular levels. Our data demonstrated that LED pretreatment on microbially challenged HGKs with specific continuous wavelengths (red: 615 nm; near-infrared: 880 nm) induced the production of various antimicrobial peptides, enhanced cell viability and proliferation, promoted reactive oxygen species scavenging, and down-modulated proinflammatory activity. The data also suggest a potential explanation regarding the superior efficacy of near-infrared light treatment compared with red light in enhancing antimicrobial activity and reducing cellular inflammation of HGKs. Taken together, the findings suggest that PBMT enhances the overall barrier function of gingival epithelium while minimizing inflammation-mediated breakdown of the underlying structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Tanum
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - H.E. Kim
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - S.M. Lee
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - A. Kim
- Department of Medical Engineering, College of Engineering and Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - J. Korostoff
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - G. Hwang
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Innovation & Precision Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering College of Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Somacal S, Schüler da Silva LC, de Oliveira J, Emanuelli T, Fabro de Bem A. Bixin, a New Atheroprotective Carotenoid Candidate, Prevents oxLDL-Induced Cytotoxicity and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Macrophages: Involvement of the Nrf2 and NF-κB Pathways. Foods 2024; 13:2002. [PMID: 38998509 PMCID: PMC11241531 DOI: 10.3390/foods13132002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) and its toxicity in the arterial wall have been implicated in atherosclerosis. This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms underlying the atheroprotective effect of bixin, a carotenoid obtained from the seeds of the tropical plant Bixa orellana, on Cu2+-induced LDL oxidation and oxLDL-mediated effects in J774A.1 macrophage cells. Bixin's effects were compared to those of lycopene, a carotenoid widely studied for its cardiovascular protective effects. LDL was isolated from human plasma, incubated with bixin or lycopene (positive control), and subjected to oxidation with CuSO4. Afterward, bixin or lycopene was incubated with J774A.1 macrophage cells and exposed to oxLDL. The levels of ROS, RNS, GSH, nitrite, mitochondrial function, and foam cell formation, as well as the expression of proteins related to the antioxidant and inflammatory status, were evaluated. The effect of bixin in inhibiting in vitro human-isolated LDL oxidation was more potent (5-6-fold) than that of lycopene. Bixin pretreatment reduced the atherogenic signaling triggered by oxLDL in the macrophages, namely the generation of reactive species, disturbance of nitric oxide homeostasis, mitochondrial dysfunction, and foam cell formation. The cytoprotective effects of bixin were accompanied by the upregulation of Nrf2 and the downregulation of the NF-kB pathways. Lycopene showed the same protective effect as bixin, except that it did not prevent mitochondrial dysfunction. The efficient performance of bixin makes it an ideal candidate for further trials as a new nutraceutical compound for the prevention of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Somacal
- Graduate Program on Pharmacology, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Jade de Oliveira
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-000, RS, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Emanuelli
- Department of Food Technology and Science, Center of Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Andreza Fabro de Bem
- Laboratory of Bioenergetic and Metabolism, Institute of Biological Science, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil
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Raza W, Meena A, Luqman S. Diosmetin: A dietary flavone as modulator of signaling pathways in cancer progression. Mol Carcinog 2024. [PMID: 38888206 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Flavonoids, constituting the most extensive category of polyphenols, founds in a variety of plants and comprise over 9000 compounds. Diosmetin, O-methylated flavone (3',5,7-trihydroxy-4'-methoxyflavone) of flavonoid aglycone diosmin have witnessed a significant surge in recent years. Many studies showed that flavonoids induced cytotoxicity in different organ specific cancer types. Thus, current review evaluates the anticancer potential of diosmetin and shed light on its mechanism of action such as cell cycle regulation, apoptosis via both intrinsic and extrinsic pathway, autophagy and tumour progression and metastasis. It also provides comprehensive analysis of different cancer targets and their role in breast, colon, hepatic, gliomas, leukemia, lung, prostate and skin cancer. Combination studies of diosmetin to improve drug sensitivity and reduce toxicity towards normal cells has been also discussed. Besides, in vitro studies, present review also discuss the anticancer potential of diosmetin on xenograft mice model. Different natural sources of diosmetin, limitations, pharmacokinetic analysis and toxicity study also summarized in current review. The emphasis on enhancing solubility and permeability for clinical utility has been thoroughly highlighted with particular attention given to the utilization of nano formulations to overcome existing barriers. At last, in-depth analysis of current challenges and a forward-looking perspective deliberated to address the existing gaps and position it as a promising lead compound for clinical applications in cancer treatment. This discussion is boosted by diosmetin's potential anticancer properties on different cancers, makes valuable candidates in the ongoing quest for effective therapeutic interventions against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waseem Raza
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
- Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Abha Meena
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Suaib Luqman
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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Machado FR, Bortolotto VC, Araujo SM, Dahleh MMM, Fernandes EJ, Musachio EAS, Funguetto-Ribeiro AC, Haas SE, Guerra GP, Prigol M, Boeira SP. Toxicological analysis of chronic exposure to polymeric nanocapsules with different coatings in Drosophila melanogaster. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 283:109939. [PMID: 38723702 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Nanotechnology involves the utilization of nanomaterials, including polymeric nanocapsules (NCs) that are drug carriers. For modify drug release and stability, nanoformulations can feature different types of polymers as surface coatings: Polysorbate 80 (P80), Polyethylene glycol (PEG), Chitosan (CS) and Eudragit (EUD). Although nanoencapsulation aims to reduce side effects, these polymers can interact with living organisms, inducing events in the antioxidant system. Thus far, little has been described about the impacts of chronic exposure, with Drosophila melanogaster being an in vivo model for characterizing the toxicology of these polymers. This study analyzes the effects of chronic exposure to polymeric NCs with different coatings. Flies were exposed to 10, 50, 100, and 500 μL of NCP80, NCPEG, NCCS, or EUD. The survival rate, locomotor changes, oxidative stress markers, cell viability, and Nrf2 expression were evaluated. Between the coatings, NCPEG had minimal effects, as only 500 μL affected the levels of reactive species (RS) and the enzymatic activities of catalase (CAT) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) without reducing Nrf2 expression. However, NCEUD significantly impacted the total flies killed, RS, CAT, and Superoxide dismutase from 100 μL. In part, the toxicity mechanisms of these coatings can be explained by the imbalance of the antioxidant system. This research provided initial evidence on the chronic toxicology of these nanomaterials in D. melanogaster to clarify the nanosafety profile of these polymers in future nanoformulations. Further investigations are essential to characterize possible biochemical pathways involved in the toxicity of these polymeric coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franciéle Romero Machado
- Laboratory of Pharmacological and Toxicological Evaluations Applied to Bioactives Molecules - LaftamBio, Federal University of Pampa, Itaqui, RS 97650-000, Brazil
| | - Vandreza Cardoso Bortolotto
- Laboratory of Pharmacological and Toxicological Evaluations Applied to Bioactives Molecules - LaftamBio, Federal University of Pampa, Itaqui, RS 97650-000, Brazil
| | - Stífani Machado Araujo
- Laboratory of Pharmacological and Toxicological Evaluations Applied to Bioactives Molecules - LaftamBio, Federal University of Pampa, Itaqui, RS 97650-000, Brazil
| | - Mustafa Munir Mustafa Dahleh
- Laboratory of Pharmacological and Toxicological Evaluations Applied to Bioactives Molecules - LaftamBio, Federal University of Pampa, Itaqui, RS 97650-000, Brazil
| | - Eliana Jardim Fernandes
- Laboratory of Pharmacological and Toxicological Evaluations Applied to Bioactives Molecules - LaftamBio, Federal University of Pampa, Itaqui, RS 97650-000, Brazil
| | - Elize Aparecida Santos Musachio
- Laboratory of Pharmacological and Toxicological Evaluations Applied to Bioactives Molecules - LaftamBio, Federal University of Pampa, Itaqui, RS 97650-000, Brazil
| | | | - Sandra Elisa Haas
- Pharmacology Laboratory - LABFAR, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS 22 97650-970, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Petri Guerra
- Laboratory of Pharmacological and Toxicological Evaluations Applied to Bioactives Molecules - LaftamBio, Federal University of Pampa, Itaqui, RS 97650-000, Brazil
| | - Marina Prigol
- Laboratory of Pharmacological and Toxicological Evaluations Applied to Bioactives Molecules - LaftamBio, Federal University of Pampa, Itaqui, RS 97650-000, Brazil
| | - Silvana Peterini Boeira
- Laboratory of Pharmacological and Toxicological Evaluations Applied to Bioactives Molecules - LaftamBio, Federal University of Pampa, Itaqui, RS 97650-000, Brazil.
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Zhao J, Chen C, Ge L, Jiang Z, Hu Z, Yin L. TAK1 inhibition mitigates intracerebral hemorrhage-induced brain injury through reduction of oxidative stress and neuronal pyroptosis via the NRF2 signaling pathway. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1386780. [PMID: 38756773 PMCID: PMC11096530 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1386780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) often triggers oxidative stress through reactive oxygen species (ROS). Transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) plays a pivotal role in regulating oxidative stress and inflammation across various diseases. 5Z-7-Oxozeaenol (OZ), a specific inhibitor of TAK1, has exhibited therapeutic effects in various conditions. However, the impact of OZ following ICH and its underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. This study aimed to explore the possible role of OZ in ICH and its underlying mechanisms by inhibiting oxidative stress-mediated pyroptosis. Methods Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to an ICH model, followed by treatment with OZ. Neurobehavioral function, blood-brain barrier integrity, neuronal pyroptosis, and oxidative stress markers were assessed using various techniques including behavioral tests, immunofluorescence staining, western blotting, transmission electron microscopy, and biochemical assays. Results Our study revealed that OZ administration significantly inhibited phosphorylated TAK1 expression post-ICH. Furthermore, TAK1 blockade by OZ attenuated blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, neuroinflammation, and oxidative damage while enhancing neurobehavioral function. Mechanistically, OZ administration markedly reduced ROS production and oxidative stress by facilitating nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) nuclear translocation. This was accompanied by a subsequent suppression of the NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) activation-mediated inflammatory cascade and neuronal pyroptosis. Discussion Our findings highlight that OZ alleviates brain injury and oxidative stress-mediated pyroptosis via the NRF2 pathway. Inhibition of TAK1 emerges as a promising approach for managing ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center for Stroke Prevention and Treatment of Hunan Province, Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chunli Chen
- Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center for Stroke Prevention and Treatment of Hunan Province, Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lite Ge
- Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center for Stroke Prevention and Treatment of Hunan Province, Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zheng Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center for Stroke Prevention and Treatment of Hunan Province, Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhiping Hu
- Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center for Stroke Prevention and Treatment of Hunan Province, Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lihong Yin
- Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center for Stroke Prevention and Treatment of Hunan Province, Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Jia R, Hou Y, Zhang L, Li B, Zhu J. Effects of Berberine on Lipid Metabolism, Antioxidant Status, and Immune Response in Liver of Tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus) under a High-Fat Diet Feeding. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:548. [PMID: 38790653 PMCID: PMC11117941 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Berberine, a natural alkaloid found abundantly in various medicinal plants, exhibits antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and lipid metabolism-regulatory properties. Nonetheless, its protective effects and the molecular mechanisms underlying liver injury in fish have not been fully elucidated. The aims of this study were to investigate the antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and lipid metabolism-regulating effects of berberine against high-fat diet (HFD)-induced liver damage and to clarify the underlying molecular mechanisms. Tilapia were fed diets containing two doses of berberine (50 and 100 mg/kg diet) alongside high fat for 60 days. The results showed that berberine treatments (50 and/or 100 mg/kg) significantly reduced elevated aminotransferases, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) in the plasma. In the liver, berberine treatments significantly increased the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (pparα) and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (cpt-1) genes, leading to a reduction in lipid accumulation. Meanwhile, berberine treatment suppressed lipid peroxidation formation and enhanced antioxidant capacity. Berberine upregulated the mRNA levels of erythroid 2-related factor 2 (nrf2) and its downstream genes including heme oxygenase 1 (ho-1) and glutathione-S-transferase (gstα). Additionally, berberine attenuated the inflammation by inhibiting the expression of toll-like receptor 2 (tlr2), myeloid differential protein-88 (myd88), relb, and inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1β (il-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (tnf-α), and il-8. In summary, this study suggested that berberine offers protection against HFD-induced liver damage in tilapia via regulating lipid metabolism, antioxidant status, and immune response. This protective effect may be attributed to the modulation of the Nrf2, TLR2/MyD88/NF-κB, and PPARα signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Jia
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; (R.J.); (Y.H.); (L.Z.)
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Yiran Hou
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; (R.J.); (Y.H.); (L.Z.)
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Liqiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; (R.J.); (Y.H.); (L.Z.)
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Bing Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; (R.J.); (Y.H.); (L.Z.)
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Jian Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; (R.J.); (Y.H.); (L.Z.)
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China
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Wang H, Han J, Dmitrii G, Zhang XA. Potential Targets of Natural Products for Improving Cardiac Ischemic Injury: The Role of Nrf2 Signaling Transduction. Molecules 2024; 29:2005. [PMID: 38731496 PMCID: PMC11085255 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29092005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia is the leading cause of health loss from cardiovascular disease worldwide. Myocardial ischemia and hypoxia during exercise trigger the risk of sudden exercise death which, in severe cases, will further lead to myocardial infarction. The Nrf2 transcription factor is an important antioxidant regulator that is extensively engaged in biological processes such as oxidative stress, inflammatory response, apoptosis, and mitochondrial malfunction. It has a significant role in the prevention and treatment of several cardiovascular illnesses, since it can control not only the expression of several antioxidant genes, but also the target genes of associated pathological processes. Therefore, targeting Nrf2 will have great potential in the treatment of myocardial ischemic injury. Natural products are widely used to treat myocardial ischemic diseases because of their few side effects. A large number of studies have shown that the Nrf2 transcription factor can be used as an important way for natural products to alleviate myocardial ischemia. However, the specific role and related mechanism of Nrf2 in mediating natural products in the treatment of myocardial ischemia is still unclear. Therefore, this review combs the key role and possible mechanism of Nrf2 in myocardial ischemic injury, and emphatically summarizes the significant role of natural products in treating myocardial ischemic symptoms, thus providing a broad foundation for clinical transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Wang
- College of Exercise and Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang 110102, China; (H.W.); (J.H.)
| | - Juanjuan Han
- College of Exercise and Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang 110102, China; (H.W.); (J.H.)
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Gorbachev Dmitrii
- General Hygiene Department, Samara State Medical University, Samara 443000, Russia;
| | - Xin-an Zhang
- College of Exercise and Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang 110102, China; (H.W.); (J.H.)
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11
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Ruggiero M, Cianciulli A, Calvello R, Porro C, De Nuccio F, Kashyrina M, Miraglia A, Lofrumento DD, Panaro MA. Ser9p-GSK3β Modulation Contributes to the Protective Effects of Vitamin C in Neuroinflammation. Nutrients 2024; 16:1121. [PMID: 38674812 PMCID: PMC11053771 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prolonged activation of microglia and excessive production of pro-inflammatory cytokines can lead to chronic neuroinflammation, which is an important pathological feature of Parkinson's disease (PD). We have previously reported the protective effect of Vitamin C (Vit C) on a mouse model of PD. However, its effect on microglial functions in neuroinflammation remains to be clarified. Glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) is a serine/threonine kinase having a role in driving inflammatory responses, making GSK3β inhibitors a promising target for anti-inflammatory research. METHODS In this study, we investigated the possible involvement of GSK3β in Vit C neuroprotective effects by using a well-known 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced animal model of PD and a cellular model of neuroinflammation, represented by Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated BV-2 microglial cells. RESULTS We demonstrated the ability of Vit C to decrease the expression of different mediators involved in the inflammatory responses, such as TLR4, p-IKBα, and the phosphorylated forms of p38 and AKT. In addition, we demonstrated for the first time that Vit C promotes the GSK3β inhibition by stimulating its phosphorylation at Ser9. CONCLUSION This study evidenced that Vit C exerts an anti-inflammatory function in microglia, promoting the upregulation of the M2 phenotype through the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melania Ruggiero
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy; (M.R.); (A.C.); (R.C.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Antonia Cianciulli
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy; (M.R.); (A.C.); (R.C.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Rosa Calvello
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy; (M.R.); (A.C.); (R.C.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Chiara Porro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy
| | - Francesco De Nuccio
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (F.D.N.); (M.K.); (A.M.); (D.D.L.)
| | - Marianna Kashyrina
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (F.D.N.); (M.K.); (A.M.); (D.D.L.)
| | - Alessandro Miraglia
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (F.D.N.); (M.K.); (A.M.); (D.D.L.)
| | - Dario Domenico Lofrumento
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (F.D.N.); (M.K.); (A.M.); (D.D.L.)
| | - Maria Antonietta Panaro
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy; (M.R.); (A.C.); (R.C.); (M.A.P.)
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12
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Peggion S, Najem S, Kolman JP, Reinshagen K, Pagerols Raluy L. Revisiting Neuroblastoma: Nrf2, NF-κB and Phox2B as a Promising Network in Neuroblastoma. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:3193-3208. [PMID: 38666930 PMCID: PMC11048850 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46040200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the most common solid extracranial tumor during childhood; it displays extraordinary heterogeneous clinical courses, from spontaneous regression to poor outcome in high-risk patients due to aggressive growth, metastasizing, and treatment resistance. Therefore, the identification and detailed analysis of promising tumorigenic molecular mechanisms are inevitable. This review highlights the abnormal regulation of NF-κB, Nrf2, and Phox2B as well as their interactions among each other in neuroblastoma. NF-κB and Nrf2 play a key role in antioxidant responses, anti-inflammatory regulation and tumor chemoresistance. Recent studies revealed a regulation of NF-κB by means of the Nrf2/antioxidant response element (ARE) system. On the other hand, Phox2B contributes to the differentiation of immature sympathetic nervous system stem cells: this transcription factor regulates the expression of RET, thereby facilitating cell survival and proliferation. As observed in other tumors, we presume striking interactions between NF-κB, Nrf2, and Phox2B, which might constitute an important crosstalk triangle, whose decompensation may trigger a more aggressive phenotype. Consequently, these transcription factors could be a promising target for novel therapeutic approaches and hence, further investigation on their regulation in neuroblastoma shall be reinforced.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Laia Pagerols Raluy
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
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13
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Yeon NR, Cho JS, Yoo HS, Jeon SH, Yi CM, Jung MJ, Lee YS, Shin EB, Kim N, Kim H, Seong J, Kim NJ, Lee JK, Inn KS. Dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis is alleviated in mice after administration of flavone-derived NRF2-activating molecules. Life Sci 2024; 340:122424. [PMID: 38242497 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a chronic and relapsing inflammatory condition characterized by severe symptoms such as diarrhea, fatigue, and weight loss. Growing evidence underscores the direct involvement of the nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) in the development and progression of IBD, along with its associated complications, including colorectal cancer. The NRF2 pathway plays a crucial role in cellular responses to oxidative stress, and dysregulation of this pathway has been implicated in IBD. Flavones, a significant subclass of flavonoids, have shown pharmacological impacts in various diseases including IBD, through the NRF2 signaling pathway. In this study, we conducted a screening of compounds with a flavone structure and identified NJK15003 as a promising NRF2 activator. NJK15003 demonstrated potent NRF2 activation, as evidenced by the upregulation of downstream proteins, promoter activation, and NRF2 nuclear translocation in IBD cellular models. Treatment with NJK15003 effectively restored the protein levels of tight junctions in cells treated with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) and in DSS-treated mice, suggesting its potential to protect cells from barrier integrity disruption in IBD. In DSS-treated mice, the administration of NJK15003 resulted in the prevention of body weight loss, a reduction in colon length shortening, and a decrease in the disease activity index. Furthermore, NJK15003 treatment substantially alleviated inflammatory responses and apoptotic cell death in the colon of DSS-treated mice. Taken together, this study proposes the potential utility of NRF2-activating flavone compounds, exemplified by NJK15003, for the treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nu-Ri Yeon
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Seok Cho
- Department of Fundamental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Seok Yoo
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Ho Jeon
- Department of Fundamental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae-Min Yi
- Department of Fundamental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ji Jung
- Department of Fundamental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Seok Lee
- Department of Fundamental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Bin Shin
- Department of Fundamental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Namkwon Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Heejung Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihye Seong
- Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Jung Kim
- Department of Fundamental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong Kil Lee
- Department of Fundamental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyung-Soo Inn
- Department of Fundamental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
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Andrés CMC, Pérez de la Lastra JM, Juan CA, Plou FJ, Pérez-Lebeña E. Antioxidant Metabolism Pathways in Vitamins, Polyphenols, and Selenium: Parallels and Divergences. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2600. [PMID: 38473850 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Free radicals (FRs) are unstable molecules that cause reactive stress (RS), an imbalance between reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in the body and its ability to neutralize them. These species are generated by both internal and external factors and can damage cellular lipids, proteins, and DNA. Antioxidants prevent or slow down the oxidation process by interrupting the transfer of electrons between substances and reactive agents. This is particularly important at the cellular level because oxidation reactions lead to the formation of FR and contribute to various diseases. As we age, RS accumulates and leads to organ dysfunction and age-related disorders. Polyphenols; vitamins A, C, and E; and selenoproteins possess antioxidant properties and may have a role in preventing and treating certain human diseases associated with RS. In this review, we explore the current evidence on the potential benefits of dietary supplementation and investigate the intricate connection between SIRT1, a crucial regulator of aging and longevity; the transcription factor NRF2; and polyphenols, vitamins, and selenium. Finally, we discuss the positive effects of antioxidant molecules, such as reducing RS, and their potential in slowing down several diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José Manuel Pérez de la Lastra
- Institute of Natural Products and Agrobiology, CSIC-Spanish Research Council, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, 3, 38206 La Laguna, Spain
| | - Celia Andrés Juan
- Cinquima Institute and Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Valladolid University, Paseo de Belén, 7, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Francisco J Plou
- Institute of Catalysis and Petrochemistry, CSIC-Spanish Research Council, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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15
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Saha S, Sachivkina N, Karamyan A, Novikova E, Chubenko T. Advances in Nrf2 Signaling Pathway by Targeted Nanostructured-Based Drug Delivery Systems. Biomedicines 2024; 12:403. [PMID: 38398005 PMCID: PMC10887079 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12020403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology has gained significant interest in various applications, including sensors and therapeutic agents for targeted disease sites. Several pathological consequences, including cancer, Alzheimer's disease, autoimmune diseases, and many others, are mostly driven by inflammation and Nrf2, and its negative regulator, the E3 ligase adaptor Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), plays a crucial role in maintaining redox status, the expression of antioxidant genes, and the inflammatory response. Interestingly, tuning the Nrf2/antioxidant response element (ARE) system can affect immune-metabolic mechanisms. Although many phytochemicals and synthetic drugs exhibited potential therapeutic activities, poor aqueous solubility, low bioavailability, poor tissue penetration, and, consequently, poor specific drug targeting, limit their practical use in clinical applications. Also, the therapeutic use of Nrf2 modulators is hampered in clinical applications by the absence of efficient formulation techniques. Therefore, we should explore the engineering of nanotechnology to modulate the inflammatory response via the Nrf2 signaling pathway. This review will initially examine the role of the Nrf2 signaling pathway in inflammation and oxidative stress-related pathologies. Subsequently, we will also review how custom-designed nanoscale materials encapsulating the Nrf2 activators can interact with biological systems and how this interaction can impact the Nrf2 signaling pathway and its potential outcomes, emphasizing inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarmistha Saha
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Sciences & Humanities, GLA University, Mathura 281406, India
| | - Nadezhda Sachivkina
- Department of Microbiology V.S. Kiktenko, Institute of Medicine, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Arfenya Karamyan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Agrarian Technological Institute, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198 Moscow, Russia; (A.K.); (E.N.); (T.C.)
| | - Ekaterina Novikova
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Agrarian Technological Institute, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198 Moscow, Russia; (A.K.); (E.N.); (T.C.)
| | - Tamara Chubenko
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Agrarian Technological Institute, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198 Moscow, Russia; (A.K.); (E.N.); (T.C.)
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16
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Savic N, Markelic M, Stancic A, Velickovic K, Grigorov I, Vucetic M, Martinovic V, Gudelj A, Otasevic V. Sulforaphane prevents diabetes-induced hepatic ferroptosis by activating Nrf2 signaling axis. Biofactors 2024. [PMID: 38299761 DOI: 10.1002/biof.2042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Recently, we characterized the ferroptotic phenotype in the liver of diabetic mice and revealed nuclear factor (erythroid-derived-2)-related factor 2 (Nrf2) inactivation as an integral part of hepatic injury. Here, we aim to investigate whether sulforaphane, an Nrf2 activator and antioxidant, prevents diabetes-induced hepatic ferroptosis and the mechanisms involved. Male C57BL/6 mice were divided into four groups: control (vehicle-treated), diabetic (streptozotocin-induced; 40 mg/kg, from Days 1 to 5), diabetic sulforaphane-treated (2.5 mg/kg from Days 1 to 42) and non-diabetic sulforaphane-treated group (2.5 mg/kg from Days 1 to 42). Results showed that diabetes-induced inactivation of Nrf2 and decreased expression of its downstream antiferroptotic molecules critical for antioxidative defense (catalase, superoxide dismutases, thioredoxin reductase), iron metabolism (ferritin heavy chain (FTH1), ferroportin 1), glutathione (GSH) synthesis (cystine-glutamate antiporter system, cystathionase, glutamate-cysteine ligase catalitic subunit, glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier subunit, glutathione synthetase), and GSH recycling - glutathione reductase (GR) were reversed/increased by sulforaphane treatment. In addition, we found that the ferroptotic phenotype in diabetic liver is associated with increased ferritinophagy and decreased FTH1 immunopositivity. The antiferroptotic effect of sulforaphane was further evidenced through the increased level of GSH, decreased accumulation of labile iron and lipid peroxides (4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, lipofuscin), decreased ferritinophagy and liver damage (decreased fibrosis, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase). Finally, diabetes-induced increase in serum glucose and triglyceride level was significantly reduced by sulforaphane. Regardless of the fact that this study is limited by the use of one model of experimentally induced diabetes, the results obtained demonstrate for the first time that sulforaphane prevents diabetes-induced hepatic ferroptosis in vivo through the activation of Nrf2 signaling pathways. This nominates sulforaphane as a promising phytopharmaceutical for the prevention/alleviation of ferroptosis in diabetes-related pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nevena Savic
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković," National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Markelic
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ana Stancic
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković," National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ksenija Velickovic
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ilijana Grigorov
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković," National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Vucetic
- Medical Biology Department, Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Monaco, Monaco
| | - Vesna Martinovic
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković," National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Andjelija Gudelj
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković," National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vesna Otasevic
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković," National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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17
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Yu C, Zhang C, Huai Y, Liu D, Zhang M, Wang H, Zhao X, Bo R, Li J, Liu M. The inhibition effect of caffeic acid on NOX/ROS-dependent macrophages M1-like polarization contributes to relieve the LPS-induced mice mastitis. Cytokine 2024; 174:156471. [PMID: 38103301 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
The mammary gland is an adipose tissue containing not only adipocytes but also epithelial, endothelial, and immune cells. Epithelial cells and macrophages, as the integral components of the immune system, are on the front line of defense against infection. Our preliminary work proved that caffeic acid (CA) can effectively inhibit the inflammatory cascade of bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMEC) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and maintain cellular integrity and viability. Here, we investigated the therapeutic effect of CA on LPS-induced mice mastitis and explored its regulatory mechanism on macrophage inflammatory response induced by LPS in vitro. Firstly, the mice mastitis model was established by intramammary injection with 10 μg LPS, after which different CA doses (5, 10, 15 mg/kg) were administered. Then, the pathological section, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, proinflammatory factors and chemokines releasement, and redox state of mammary tissues were assessed, confirming CA's effectiveness on mice mastitis. In vitro, we validated the therapeutic relevance of CA in relieving LPS-induced RAW264.7 inflammatory and oxidative stress responses. Moreover, we further provided evidence that CA significantly reduced LPS-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation via NADPH oxidase (NOX), which improved the imbalance relationship between nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) and NF-E2 p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and led to a marked weakening of M1 polarization. The NOX-ROS signal inhibited by CA weakened the oxidative burst and neutrophil chemotaxis of macrophages, thus alleviating the immune cascade in mammary gland tissue and reducing the LPS-induced inflammatory damage. Collectively, CA would be a potential candidate or antibacterial synergist for curbing mastitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglong Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yuying Huai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Dandan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Minxia Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Huiwen Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Ruonan Bo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jingui Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Mingjiang Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China.
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18
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Cui C, Wei Y, Wang Y, Ma W, Zheng X, Wang J, Ma Z, Wu C, Chu L, Zhang S, Guan W, Chen F. Dietary supplementation of benzoic acid and essential oils combination enhances intestinal resilience against LPS stimulation in weaned piglets. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2024; 15:4. [PMID: 38238856 PMCID: PMC10797991 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-023-00958-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The benefits of combining benzoic acid and essential oils (BAO) to mitigate intestinal impairment during the weaning process have been well established, while the detailed underlying mechanism has not been fully elucidated. Previous research has primarily focused on the reparative effects of BAO on intestinal injury, while neglecting its potential in enhancing intestinal stress resistance. METHODS In this study, we investigated the pre-protective effect of BAO against LPS-induced stress using a modified experimental procedure. Piglets were pre-supplemented with BAO for 14 d, followed by a challenge with LPS or saline to collect blood and intestinal samples. RESULTS Our findings demonstrated that BAO supplementation led to significant improvements in piglets' final weight, average daily gain, and feed intake/body gain ratio. Additionally, BAO supplementation positively influenced the composition of intestinal microbiota, increasing beneficial Actinobacteriota and Alloprevotella while reducing harmful Desulfobacterota, Prevotella and Oscillospira. Furthermore, BAO supplementation effectively mitigated oxidative disturbances and inflammatory responses induced by acute LPS challenge. This was evidenced by elevated levels of T-AOC, SOD, and GSH, as well as decreased levels of MDA, TNF-α, and IL-6 in the plasma. Moreover, piglets subjected to LPS challenge and pre-supplemented with BAO exhibited significant improvements in intestinal morphological structure and enhanced integrity, as indicated by restored expression levels of Occludin and Claudin-1 compared to the non-supplemented counterparts. Further analysis revealed that BAO supplementation enhanced the jejunal antioxidative capacity by increasing GSH-Px levels and decreasing MDA levels under the LPS challenge and stimulated the activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway. Additionally, the reduction of TLR4/NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathways activation and proinflammatory factor were also observed in the jejunal of those piglets fed with BAO. CONCLUSIONS In summary, our study demonstrates that pre-supplementation of BAO enhances the anti-stress capacity of weaned piglets by improving intestinal microbiota composition, reinforcing the intestinal barrier, and enhancing antioxidative and anti-inflammatory capabilities. These effects are closely associated with the activation of Nrf2 and TLR4/NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Cui
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yulong Wei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yibo Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Wen Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Ziwei Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Caichi Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Licui Chu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shihai Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Wutai Guan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Fang Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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19
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Martins-Gomes C, Nunes FM, Silva AM. Natural Products as Dietary Agents for the Prevention and Mitigation of Oxidative Damage and Inflammation in the Intestinal Barrier. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:65. [PMID: 38247489 PMCID: PMC10812469 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Food intake is a basic need to sustain life, but foodborne pathogens and food-related xenobiotics are also the main health concerns regarding intestinal barrier homeostasis. With a predominant role in the well-being of the entire human body, intestinal barrier homeostasis is strictly regulated by epithelial and immune cells. These cells are also the main intervenients in oxidative stress and inflammation-related diseases in the intestinal tract, triggered, for example, by genetic/epigenetic factors, food additives, pesticides, drugs, pathogens, and their metabolites. Nevertheless, the human diet can also be seen as a solution for the problem, mainly via the inclusion of functional foods or nutraceuticals that may act as antioxidant/anti-inflammatory agents to prevent and mitigate acute and chronic oxidative damage and inflammation. A literature analysis of recent advances in this topic highlights the significant role of Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) and NF-kB (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) pathways in these biological processes, with many natural products and phytochemicals targeting endogenous antioxidant systems and cytokine production and balance. In this review, we summarized and discussed studies using in vitro and in vivo models of the intestinal tract used to reproduce oxidative damage and inflammatory events, as well as the role of natural products as modulators of Nrf2 and NK-kB pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Martins-Gomes
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Cell Biology and Biochemistry Laboratory, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Chemistry Research Centre-Vila Real (CQ-VR), Food and Wine Chemistry Laboratory, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
| | - Fernando M. Nunes
- Chemistry Research Centre-Vila Real (CQ-VR), Food and Wine Chemistry Laboratory, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Amélia M. Silva
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Cell Biology and Biochemistry Laboratory, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-food Production (Inov4gro), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Biology and Environment, School of Life Sciences and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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20
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Khan SU, Khan SU, Suleman M, Khan MU, Khan MS, Arbi FM, Hussain T, Mohammed Alsuhaibani A, S Refat M. Natural Allies for Heart Health: Nrf2 Activation and Cardiovascular Disease Management. Curr Probl Cardiol 2024; 49:102084. [PMID: 37714318 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2023.102084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
The term "cardiovascular diseases" (CVD) refers to various ailments that affect the heart and blood vessels, including myocardial ischemia, congenital heart defects, heart failure, rheumatic heart disease, hypertension, peripheral artery disease, atherosclerosis, and cardiomyopathies. Despite significant breakthroughs in preventative measures and treatment choices, CVDs significantly contribute to morbidity and mortality, imposing a considerable financial burden. Oxidative stress (OS) is a fundamental contributor to the development and progression of CVDs, resulting from an inherent disparity in generating reactive oxygen species. The disparity above significantly contributes to the aberrant operation of the cardiovascular system. To tackle this issue, therapeutic intervention primarily emphasizes the nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a transcription factor crucial in regulating endogenous antioxidant defense systems against OS. The Nrf2 exhibits potential as a promising target for effectively managing CVDs. Significantly, an emerging field of study is around the utilization of natural substances to stimulate the activation of Nrf2, hence facilitating the promotion of cardioprotection. This technique introduces a new pathway for treating CVD. The substances above elicit their advantageous effects by mitigating the impact of OS via initiating Nrf2 signaling. The primary objective of our study is to provide significant insights that can contribute to advancing treatment methods, including natural products. These strategies aim to tackle the obstacles associated with CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safir Ullah Khan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Shahid Ullah Khan
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City and South west University, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Department of Biochemistry, Women Medical and Dental College, Khyber Medical University, Abbottabad, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Suleman
- Center for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat, Pakistan; Laboratory of Animal Research Center (LARC), Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Munir Ullah Khan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, International Research Center for X Polymers, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | | | | | - Talib Hussain
- Women Dental College Abbottabad, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Amnah Mohammed Alsuhaibani
- Department of Physical Sport Science, College of Education, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moamen S Refat
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
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21
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Zhu M, Yan M, Li H, Zou X, Li M. Egg white composition, antioxidant capacity, serum and yolk lipids and oxidative damage of the oviduct magnum in laying hens fed diets contaminated with different concentrations of cadmium. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2023.2184730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingkun Zhu
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
- Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Ming Yan
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
- Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Huaiyu Li
- Qingdao Animal Husbandry Workstation (Qingdao Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine), Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoting Zou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Muwang Li
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
- Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, China
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22
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Zhao L, Zheng L. A Review on Bioactive Anthraquinone and Derivatives as the Regulators for ROS. Molecules 2023; 28:8139. [PMID: 38138627 PMCID: PMC10745977 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28248139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthraquinones are bioactive natural products, which are often found in medicinal herbs. These compounds exert antioxidant-related pharmacological actions including neuroprotective effects, anti-inflammation, anticancer, hepatoprotective effects and anti-aging, etc. Considering the benefits from their pharmacological use, recently, there was an upsurge in the development and utilization of anthraquinones as reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulators. In this review, a deep discussion was carried out on their antioxidant activities and the structure-activity relationships. The antioxidant mechanisms and the chemistry behind the antioxidant activities of both natural and synthesized compounds were furtherly explored and demonstrated. Due to the specific chemical activity of ROS, antioxidants are essential for human health. Therefore, the development of reagents that regulate the imbalance between ROS formation and elimination should be more extensive and rational, and the exploration of antioxidant mechanisms of anthraquinones may provide new therapeutic tools and ideas for various diseases mediated by ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Zhao
- Tianjin Renai College, Tianjin 301636, China;
| | - Lin Zheng
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
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23
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Kornicka A, Balewski Ł, Lahutta M, Kokoszka J. Umbelliferone and Its Synthetic Derivatives as Suitable Molecules for the Development of Agents with Biological Activities: A Review of Their Pharmacological and Therapeutic Potential. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1732. [PMID: 38139858 PMCID: PMC10747342 DOI: 10.3390/ph16121732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Umbelliferone (UMB), known as 7-hydroxycoumarin, hydrangine, or skimmetine, is a naturally occurring coumarin in the plant kingdom, mainly from the Umbelliferae family that possesses a wide variety of pharmacological properties. In addition, the use of nanoparticles containing umbelliferone may improve anti-inflammatory or anticancer therapy. Also, its derivatives are endowed with great potential for therapeutic applications due to their broad spectrum of biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, neuroprotective, antipsychotic, antiepileptic, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, antiviral, and antiproliferative effects. Moreover, 7-hydroxycoumarin ligands have been implemented to develop 7-hydroxycoumarin-based metal complexes with improved pharmacological activity. Besides therapeutic applications, umbelliferone analogues have been designed as fluorescent probes for the detection of biologically important species, such as enzymes, lysosomes, and endosomes, or for monitoring cell processes and protein functions as well various diseases caused by an excess of hydrogen peroxide. Furthermore, 7-hydroxy-based chemosensors may serve as a highly selective tool for Al3+ and Hg2+ detection in biological systems. This review is devoted to a summary of the research on umbelliferone and its synthetic derivatives in terms of biological and pharmaceutical properties, especially those reported in the literature during the period of 2017-2023. Future potential applications of umbelliferone and its synthetic derivatives are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Kornicka
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-416 Gdansk, Poland; (Ł.B.); (M.L.); (J.K.)
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24
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Althagafy HS, Ali FEM, Hassanein EHM, Mohammedsaleh ZM, Kotb El-Sayed MI, Atwa AM, Sayed AM, Soubh AA. Canagliflozin ameliorates ulcerative colitis via regulation of TLR4/MAPK/NF-κB and Nrf2/PPAR-γ/SIRT1 signaling pathways. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 960:176166. [PMID: 37898288 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is one of the most common subtypes of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that affects the colon and is characterized by severe intestinal inflammation. Canagliflozin is a widely used antihyperglycemic agent, a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor that enhances urinary glucose excretion. This study aims to provide insights into the potential benefits of canagliflozin as a treatment for UC by addressing possible cellular signals. Acetic acid (AA; 4% v/v) was administered intrarectally to induce colitis. Canagliflozin is given orally at a dose of 10 mg/kg/day. Canagliflozin attenuates inflammation in AA-induced colitis, evidenced by significant and dose-dependently downregulation of p38 MAPK, NF-κB-p65, IKK, IRF3, and NADPH-oxidase as well as colonic levels of IL-6 and IL-1β and MPO enzymatic activity. Canagliflozin mitigates colonic oxidative stress by decreasing MDA content and restoring SOD enzymatic activities and GSH levels mediated by co-activating of Nrf2, PPARγ, and SIRT1 pathways. Moreover, an in-silico study confirmed that canagliflozin was specific to all target proteins in this study. Canagliflozin's binding affinity with its target proteins indicates and confirms its effectiveness in regulating these pathways. Also, network pharmacology analysis supported that canagliflozin potently attenuates UC via a multi-target and multi-pathway approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan S Althagafy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fares E M Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, 71524, Egypt.
| | - Emad H M Hassanein
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, 71524, Egypt
| | - Zuhair M Mohammedsaleh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed I Kotb El-Sayed
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ain Helwan, Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Atwa
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Sayed
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, 71515, Egypt
| | - Ayman A Soubh
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Giza, 12566, Egypt
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25
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Han X, Wang H, Du F, Zeng X, Guo C. Nrf2 for a key member of redox regulation: A novel insight against myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injuries. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115855. [PMID: 37939614 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2), a nuclear transcription factor, modulates genes responsible for antioxidant responses against toxic and oxidative stress to maintain redox homeostasis and participates in varieties of cellular processes such as metabolism and inflammation during myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injuries (MIRI). The accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from damaged mitochondria, xanthine oxidase, NADPH oxidases, and inflammation contributes to depraved myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injuries. Considering that Nrf2 played crucial roles in antagonizing oxidative stress, it is reasonable to delve into the up or down-regulated molecular mechanisms of Nrf2 in the progression of MIRI to provide the possibility of new therapeutic medicine targeting Nrf2 in cardiovascular diseases. This review systematically describes the generation of ROS, the regulatory metabolisms of Nrf2 as well as several natural or synthetic compounds activating Nrf2 during MIRI, which might provide novel insights for the anti-oxidative stress and original ideas targeting Nrf2 for the prevention and treatment in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejie Han
- Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 1 Dongjiaomin Lane, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, PR China
| | - Hongxia Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Capital Medical University, No. 10 You An Men Wai Xi Tou Tiao, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Fenghe Du
- Department of Geriatrics, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 119 South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing 100070, PR China
| | - Xiangjun Zeng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Capital Medical University, No. 10 You An Men Wai Xi Tou Tiao, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, PR China.
| | - Caixia Guo
- Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 1 Dongjiaomin Lane, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, PR China.
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26
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Peng C, Xue L, Yue Y, Chen W, Wang W, Shen J. Duloxetine HCl Alleviates Asthma Symptoms by Regulating PI3K/AKT/mTOR and Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathways. Inflammation 2023; 46:2449-2469. [PMID: 37644164 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-023-01892-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is an inflammatory disease characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness, airway remodeling, and airway inflammation. In recent years, the prevalence of asthma has been increasing steadily and the pathogenesis of asthma varies from person to person. Due to poor compliance or resistance, existing drugs cannot achieve the desired therapeutic effect. Therefore, developing or screening asthma therapeutic drugs with high curative effects, low toxicity, and strong specificity is very urgent. Duloxetine HCl (DUX) is a selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, and it was mainly used to treat depression, osteoarthritis, and neuropathic pain. It was also reported that DUX has potential anti-infection, anti-inflammation, analgesic, antioxidative, and other pharmacological effects. However, whether DUX has some effects on asthma remains unknown. In order to investigate it, a series of ex vivo and in vivo experiments, including biological tension tests, patch clamp, histopathological analysis, lung function detection, oxidative stress enzyme activity detection, and molecular biology experiments, were designed in this study. We found that DUX can not only relax high potassium or ACh precontracted tracheal smooth muscle by regulating L-type voltage-dependent Ca2+ channel (L-VDCC) and nonselective cation channel (NSCC) ion channels but also alleviate asthma symptoms through anti-inflammatory and antioxidative response regulated by PI3K/AKT/mTOR and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways. Our data suggests that DUX is expected to become a potential new drug for relieving or treating asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changsi Peng
- Institute for Medical Biology and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Lu Xue
- Institute for Medical Biology and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yanling Yue
- Institute for Medical Biology and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Weiwei Chen
- Institute for Medical Biology and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Wenyi Wang
- Institute for Medical Biology and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jinhua Shen
- Institute for Medical Biology and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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27
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Casper E. The crosstalk between Nrf2 and NF-κB pathways in coronary artery disease: Can it be regulated by SIRT6? Life Sci 2023; 330:122007. [PMID: 37544377 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. Oxidative stress and inflammation are major mechanisms responsible for the progression of CAD. Nuclear transcription factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor that modulates the cellular redox status. Nrf2 upregulation increases the expression of antioxidant genes, decreases the expression of Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB), and increases free radical metabolism. Activated NF-kB increases the production of inflammatory cytokines causing endothelial dysfunction. The two pathways of Nrf2 and NF-kB can regulate the expression of each other. Foremost, the Nrf2 pathway can decrease the level of active NF-κB by increasing the level of antioxidants and cytoprotective enzymes. Furthermore, the Nrf2 pathway prevents IκB-α degradation, an inhibitor of NF-kB, and thus inhibits NF-κB mediated transcription. Also, NF-kB transcription inhibits Nrf2 activation by reducing the antioxidant response element (ARE) transcription. Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) is a member of the Sirtuins family that was found to protect against cardiovascular diseases. SIRT6 can suppress the production of Reactive oxygen species (ROS) through deacetylation of NRF2 which results in NRF2 activation. Furthermore, SIRT6 can inhibit the inflammatory process through the downregulation of NF-kB transcription. Therefore, targeting sirtuins could be a therapeutic strategy to treat CAD. This review describes the potential role of SIRT6 in regulating the crosstalk between NRF2 and NF-kB signaling pathways in CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Casper
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
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28
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Sui Z, Wang N, Zhang X, Liu C, Wang X, Zhou H, Mai K, He G. Comprehensive study on the effect of dietary leucine supplementation on intestinal physiology, TOR signaling and microbiota in juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 141:109060. [PMID: 37678482 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal damage and inflammation are major health and welfare issues in aquaculture. Considerable efforts have been devoted to enhancing intestinal health, with a specific emphasis on dietary additives. Branch chain amino acids, particularly leucine, have been reported to enhance growth performance in various studies. However, few studies have focused on the effect of leucine on the intestinal function and its underlying molecular mechanism is far from fully illuminated. In the present study, we comprehensively evaluated the effect of dietary leucine supplementation on intestinal physiology, signaling transduction and microbiota in fish. Juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.) (10.13 ± 0.01g) were fed with control diet (Con diet) and leucine supplementation diet (Leu diet) for 10 weeks. The findings revealed significant improvements in intestinal morphology and function in the turbot fed with Leu diet. Leucine supplementation also resulted in a significant increase in mRNA expression levels of mucosal barrier genes, indicating enhanced intestinal integrity. The transcriptional levels of pro-inflammatory factors il-1β, tnf-α and irf-1 was decreased in response to leucine supplementation. Conversely, the level of anti-inflammatory factors tgf-β, il-10 and nf-κb were up-regulated by leucine supplementation. Dietary leucine supplementation led to an increase in intestinal complement (C3 and C4) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) levels, along with elevated antioxidant activity. Moreover, dietary leucine supplementation significantly enhanced the postprandial phosphorylation level of the target of rapamycin (TOR) signaling pathway in the intestine. Finally, intestinal bacterial richness and diversity were modified and intestinal bacterial composition was re-shaped by leucine supplementation. Overall, these results provide new insights into the beneficial role of leucine supplementation in promoting intestinal health in turbot, offering potential implications for the use of leucine as a nutritional supplement in aquaculture practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongmin Sui
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds, Ministry of Agriculture, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds, Ministry of Agriculture, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Xiaojing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds, Ministry of Agriculture, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Chengdong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds, Ministry of Agriculture, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Xuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds, Ministry of Agriculture, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Huihui Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds, Ministry of Agriculture, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Kangsen Mai
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds, Ministry of Agriculture, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Gen He
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266003, China; Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds, Ministry of Agriculture, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
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29
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Sun S, Lv W, Li S, Zhang Q, He W, Min Z, Teng C, Chen Y, Liu L, Yin J, Zhu B, Xu M, Dai D, Xin H. Smart Liposomal Nanocarrier Enhanced the Treatment of Ischemic Stroke through Neutrophil Extracellular Traps and Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate-Adenosine Monophosphate Synthase-Stimulator of Interferon Genes (cGAS-STING) Pathway Inhibition of Ischemic Penumbra. ACS NANO 2023; 17:17845-17857. [PMID: 37712845 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c03390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Brain inflammation is regarded as one of the leading causes that aggravates secondary brain injury and hinders the prognosis of ischemic stroke. After ischemic stroke, high quantities of peripheral neutrophils are recruited to brain lesions and release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), leading to the aggravation of blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage, activation of microglia, and ultimate neuronal death. Herein, a smart multifunctional delivery system has been developed to regulate immune disorders in the ischemic brain. Briefly, Cl-amidine, an inhibitor of peptidylarginine deiminase 4 (PAD4), is encapsulated into self-assembled liposomal nanocarriers (C-Lipo/CA) that are modified by reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive polymers and fibrin-binding peptide to achieve targeting ischemic lesions and stimuli-responsive release of a drug. In the mouse model of cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO), C-Lipo/CA can suppress the NETs release process (NETosis) and further inhibit the cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase-stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS-STING) pathway in an ischemic brain. In addition, MCAO mice treated with C-Lipo/CA significantly mitigated ischemic and reperfusion injury, with a reduction in the area of cerebral infarction to 12.1%, compared with the saline group of about 46.7%. These results demonstrated that C-Lipo/CA, which integrated microglia regulation, BBB protection, and neuron survival, exerts a potential therapy strategy to maximize ameliorating the mortality of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanbo Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Wei Lv
- Department of Pharmacy, The Jiangyin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Wuxi 214400, China
| | - Shengnan Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Weichong He
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Zhiyi Min
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Chuanhui Teng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yuqin Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Linfeng Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jiaqing Yin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Baoli Zhu
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Health Emergency, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Ming Xu
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Health Emergency, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Dongwei Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Changhai Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hongliang Xin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
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Lin L, Wu Q, Lu F, Lei J, Zhou Y, Liu Y, Zhu N, Yu Y, Ning Z, She T, Hu M. Nrf2 signaling pathway: current status and potential therapeutic targetable role in human cancers. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1184079. [PMID: 37810967 PMCID: PMC10559910 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1184079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a borderless global health challenge that continues to threaten human health. Studies have found that oxidative stress (OS) is often associated with the etiology of many diseases, especially the aging process and cancer. Involved in the OS reaction as a key transcription factor, Nrf2 is a pivotal regulator of cellular redox state and detoxification. Nrf2 can prevent oxidative damage by regulating gene expression with antioxidant response elements (ARE) to promote the antioxidant response process. OS is generated with an imbalance in the redox state and promotes the accumulation of mutations and genome instability, thus associated with the establishment and development of different cancers. Nrf2 activation regulates a plethora of processes inducing cellular proliferation, differentiation and death, and is strongly associated with OS-mediated cancer. What's more, Nrf2 activation is also involved in anti-inflammatory effects and metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, and multidrug resistance. Nrf2 is highly expressed in multiple human body parts of digestive system, respiratory system, reproductive system and nervous system. In oncology research, Nrf2 has emerged as a promising therapeutic target. Therefore, certain natural compounds and drugs can exert anti-cancer effects through the Nrf2 signaling pathway, and blocking the Nrf2 signaling pathway can reduce some types of tumor recurrence rates and increase sensitivity to chemotherapy. However, Nrf2's dual role and controversial impact in cancer are inevitable consideration factors when treating Nrf2 as a therapeutic target. In this review, we summarized the current state of biological characteristics of Nrf2 and its dual role and development mechanism in different tumor cells, discussed Keap1/Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway and its downstream genes, elaborated the expression of related signaling pathways such as AMPK/mTOR and NF-κB. Besides, the main mechanism of Nrf2 as a cancer therapeutic target and the therapeutic strategies using Nrf2 inhibitors or activators, as well as the possible positive and negative effects of Nrf2 activation were also reviewed. It can be concluded that Nrf2 is related to OS and serves as an important factor in cancer formation and development, thus provides a basis for targeted therapy in human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Lin
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Qing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Feifei Lu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Jiaming Lei
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Yanhong Zhou
- Department of Medical School of Facial Features, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Yifei Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Ni Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - You Yu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Zhifeng Ning
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Tonghui She
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Meichun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
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Barros MP, Zacarías-Garcia J, Rey F, Zacarías L, Rodrigo MJ. Antioxidant Interactions between Citrus Fruit Carotenoids and Ascorbic Acid in New Models of Animal Cell Membranes. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1733. [PMID: 37760036 PMCID: PMC10525925 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12091733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The regular consumption of citrus fruits by humans has been associated with lower incidence of chronic-degenerative diseases, especially those mediated by free radicals. Most of the health-promoting properties of citrus fruits derive from their antioxidant content of carotenoids and ascorbic acid (ASC). In the current work we have investigated the scavenging (against hydroxyl radical) and quenching capacities (against singlet oxygen) of four different carotenoid extracts of citrus fruits in the presence or absence of ASC (μM range) in organic solvent, aqueous solution, micelles and in an innovative biomimicking liposomal system of animal cell membrane (AML). The fruits of four varieties of citrus were selected for their distinctive carotenoid composition (liquid chromatography characterization): 'Nadorcott' mandarin and the sweet oranges 'Valencia late', 'Ruby Valencia' and 'Pinalate' mutant. The quenching activity of citrus carotenoids strongly depended on the biological assemblage: freely diffusible in organic solvent, 'Ruby Valencia' carotenoids (containing lycopene) showed the highest quenching activity, whereas 'Nadorcott' mandarin extracts, rich in β-cryptoxanthin, prevailed in micellar systems. Interestingly, the addition of 10 μM ASC significantly increased the quenching activity of all citrus extracts in micelles: 'Valencia' orange (+53%), 'Pinalate' (+87%), 'Ruby' (4-fold higher) and 'Nadorcott' mandarins (+20%). Accurate C11-BODIPY581/591 fluorescence assays showed solid scavenging activities of all citrus extracts against AML oxidation: 'Valencia' (-61%), 'Pinalate' (-58%) and 'Ruby' oranges (-29%), and 'Nadorcott' mandarins (-70%). Indeed, all four citrus extracts tested here have balanced antioxidant properties; extracts from the 'Nadorcott' mandarin slightly prevailed overall, due, at least in part, to its high content of β-cryptoxanthin. This study depicts some of the antioxidant interactions between citrus fruit carotenoids and ascorbic acid in models of animal cell membranes and reinforces the contribution of them in promoting health benefits for humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo P. Barros
- Food Biotechnology Department, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Catedrático Agustín Escardino 7, Paterna, 46980 Valencia, Spain; (J.Z.-G.); (F.R.); (L.Z.)
- Interdisciplinary Program in Health Sciences, Institute of Physical Activity Sciences and Sports (ICAFE), Cruzeiro do Sul University, Rua Galvao Bueno 868, São Paulo 01506-000, Brazil
| | - Jaime Zacarías-Garcia
- Food Biotechnology Department, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Catedrático Agustín Escardino 7, Paterna, 46980 Valencia, Spain; (J.Z.-G.); (F.R.); (L.Z.)
| | - Florencia Rey
- Food Biotechnology Department, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Catedrático Agustín Escardino 7, Paterna, 46980 Valencia, Spain; (J.Z.-G.); (F.R.); (L.Z.)
| | - Lorenzo Zacarías
- Food Biotechnology Department, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Catedrático Agustín Escardino 7, Paterna, 46980 Valencia, Spain; (J.Z.-G.); (F.R.); (L.Z.)
| | - María J. Rodrigo
- Food Biotechnology Department, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Catedrático Agustín Escardino 7, Paterna, 46980 Valencia, Spain; (J.Z.-G.); (F.R.); (L.Z.)
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Sebők C, Tráj P, Mackei M, Márton RA, Vörösházi J, Kemény Á, Neogrády Z, Mátis G. Modulation of the immune response by the host defense peptide IDR-1002 in chicken hepatic cell culture. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14530. [PMID: 37666888 PMCID: PMC10477227 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41707-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
IDR-1002, a synthetic host defense peptide (HDP), appears to be a potential candidate for the treatment of bacterial infections and the consequent inflammatory response due to its potent immunomodulatory activity. This is of relevance to the emerging issue of antimicrobial resistance in the farming sector. In this study, the effects of IDR-1002 were investigated on a chicken hepatocyte‒non-parenchymal cell co-culture, and the results revealed that IDR-1002 had complex effects on the regulation of the hepatic innate immunity. IDR-1002 increased the levels of both RANTES (Regulated on Activation, Normal T cell Expressed and Secreted) and Macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF), suggesting the peptide plays a role in the modulation of macrophage differentiation, also reflected by the reduced concentrations of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10. The pro-inflammatory cytokine release triggered by the bacterial cell wall component lipoteichoic acid (LTA) was ameliorated by the concomitantly applied IDR-1002 based on the levels of IL-6, chicken chemotactic and angiogenic factor (CXCLi2) and interferon (IFN)-γ. Moreover, the production of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), an essential transcription factor in the antioxidant defense pathway, was increased after IDR-1002 exposure, while protein carbonyl (PC) levels were also elevated. These findings suggest that IDR-1002 affects the interplay of the cellular immune response and redox homeostasis, thus the peptide represents a promising tool in the treatment of bacterially induced inflammation in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csilla Sebők
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, István utca 2, 1078, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Patrik Tráj
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, István utca 2, 1078, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Máté Mackei
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, István utca 2, 1078, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rege Anna Márton
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, István utca 2, 1078, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Júlia Vörösházi
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, István utca 2, 1078, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Kemény
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pécs, Szigeti u. 12, 7624, Pécs, Hungary
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pécs, Szigeti u. 12, 7624, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Neogrády
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, István utca 2, 1078, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Mátis
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, István utca 2, 1078, Budapest, Hungary
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Stasiewicz A, Conde T, Gęgotek A, Domingues MR, Domingues P, Skrzydlewska E. Prevention of UVB Induced Metabolic Changes in Epidermal Cells by Lipid Extract from Microalgae Nannochloropsis oceanica. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11302. [PMID: 37511067 PMCID: PMC10379835 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The exposure of skin cells to UV radiation leads to redox imbalances and inflammation. The present study investigates a lipid extract obtained from the microalga Nannochloropsis oceanica as a potential protector against UVB-induced disturbances in human keratinocytes. The findings of this study show that the Nannochloropsis oceanica extract significantly inhibits UVB-induced cell death while concurrently decreasing the activity of pro-oxidative enzymes (xanthine and NADPH oxidase) and reducing the levels of ROS. Furthermore, the extract augments the activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutases and catalase), as well as glutathione/thioredoxin-dependent systems in UVB-irradiated cells. The expression of Nrf2 factor activators (p62, KAP1, p38) was significantly elevated, while no impact was observed on Nrf2 inhibitors (Keap1, Bach1). The antioxidant activity of the extract was accompanied by the silencing of overexpressed membrane transporters caused by UVB radiation. Furthermore, the Nannochloropsis oceanica extract exhibited anti-inflammatory effects in UVB-irradiated keratinocytes by decreasing the levels of TNFα, 8-iso prostaglandin F2, and 4-HNE-protein adducts. In conclusion, the lipid components of Nannochloropsis oceanica extract effectively prevent the pro-oxidative and pro-inflammatory effects of UVB radiation in keratinocytes, thereby stabilizing the natural metabolism of skin cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Stasiewicz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Kilinskiego 1, 15-069 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Tiago Conde
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Agnieszka Gęgotek
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Kilinskiego 1, 15-069 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Maria Rosário Domingues
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Pedro Domingues
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Elżbieta Skrzydlewska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Kilinskiego 1, 15-069 Bialystok, Poland
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Manzoor M, Mir RA, Farooq A, Hami A, Pakhtoon MM, Sofi SA, Malik FA, Hussain K, Bhat MA, Sofi NR, Pandey A, Khan MK, Hamurcu M, Zargar SM. Shifting archetype to nature's hidden gems: from sources, purification to uncover the nutritional potential of bioactive peptides. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:252. [PMID: 37388856 PMCID: PMC10299963 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03667-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Contemporary scientific findings revealed that our daily food stuffs are enriched by encrypted bioactive peptides (BPs), evolved by peptide linkage of amino acids or encrypted from the native protein structures. Remarkable to these BPs lies in their potential health benefiting biological activities to serve as nutraceuticals or a lead addition to the development of functional foods. The biological activities of BPs vary depending on the sequence as well as amino acid composition. Existing database records approximately 3000 peptide sequences which possess potential biological activities such as antioxidants, antihypertensive, antithrombotic, anti-adipogenics, anti-microbials, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancerous. The growing evidences suggest that BPs have very low toxicity, higher accuracy, less tissue accretion, and are easily degraded in the disposed environment. BPs are nowadays evolved as biologically active molecules with potential scope to reduce microbial contamination as well as ward off oxidation of foods, amend diverse range of human diseases to enhance the overall quality of human life. Against the clinical and health perspectives of BPs, this review aimed to elaborate current evolution of nutritional potential of BPs, studies pertaining to overcome limitations with respect to special focus on emerging extraction, protection and delivery tools of BPs. In addition, the nano-delivery mechanism of BP and its clinical significance is detailed. The aim of current review is to augment the research in the field of BPs production, identification, characterisation and to speed up the investigation of the incredible potentials of BPs as potential nutritional and functional food ingredient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhiya Manzoor
- Proteomics Laboratory, Division of Plant Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir (SKUAST-K), Shalimar, Kashmir(J&K) 190025 India
| | - Rakeeb Ahmad Mir
- Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Kashmir, Tulmulla, Kashmir(J&K) 191131 India
| | - Asmat Farooq
- Proteomics Laboratory, Division of Plant Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir (SKUAST-K), Shalimar, Kashmir(J&K) 190025 India
- Division of Biochemistry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu (SKUAST-J), Chatha, Jammu (J&K) 180009 India
| | - Ammarah Hami
- Proteomics Laboratory, Division of Plant Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir (SKUAST-K), Shalimar, Kashmir(J&K) 190025 India
| | - Mohammad Maqbool Pakhtoon
- Proteomics Laboratory, Division of Plant Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir (SKUAST-K), Shalimar, Kashmir(J&K) 190025 India
- Department of Life Sciences, Rabindranath Tagore University, Bhopal, 462045 India
| | - Sajad Ahmad Sofi
- Department of Food Technology, Islamic University of Science and Technology Awantipora, Awantipora, Kashmir(J&K) 192122 India
| | - Firdose Ahmad Malik
- Division of Vegetable Science, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir (SKUAST-K), Shalimar, Kashmir(J&K) 190025 India
| | - khursheed Hussain
- MAR&ES, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir (SKUAST-K), Gurez, Shalimar, Kashmir(J&K) 190025 India
| | - M. Ashraf Bhat
- Proteomics Laboratory, Division of Plant Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir (SKUAST-K), Shalimar, Kashmir(J&K) 190025 India
| | - Najeebul Rehmen Sofi
- MRCFC, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Khudwani, Shalimar, J&K India
| | - Anamika Pandey
- Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Selcuk University, Konya, 42079 Turkey
| | - Mohd. Kamran Khan
- Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Selcuk University, Konya, 42079 Turkey
| | - Mehmet Hamurcu
- Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Selcuk University, Konya, 42079 Turkey
| | - Sajad Majeed Zargar
- Proteomics Laboratory, Division of Plant Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir (SKUAST-K), Shalimar, Kashmir(J&K) 190025 India
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Wu Z, Yang Z, Liu L, Xiao Y. Natural compounds protect against the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis by mediating the NRF2/ARE signaling. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1188215. [PMID: 37324450 PMCID: PMC10266108 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1188215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), a chronic joint cartilage disease, is characterized by the imbalanced homeostasis between anabolism and catabolism. Oxidative stress contributes to inflammatory responses, extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, and chondrocyte apoptosis and promotes the pathogenesis of OA. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is a central regulator of intracellular redox homeostasis. Activation of the NRF2/ARE signaling may effectively suppress oxidative stress, attenuate ECM degradation, and inhibit chondrocyte apoptosis. Increasing evidence suggests that the NRF2/ARE signaling has become a potential target for the therapeutic management of OA. Natural compounds, such as polyphenols and terpenoids, have been explored to protect against OA cartilage degeneration by activating the NRF2/ARE pathway. Specifically, flavonoids may function as NRF2 activators and exhibit chondroprotective activity. In conclusion, natural compounds provide rich resources to explore the therapeutic management of OA by activating NRF2/ARE signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Wu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- First Clinical Medical College of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Zhouxin Yang
- First Clinical Medical College of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Luying Liu
- First Clinical Medical College of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Yong Xiao
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
- Xiaoyong Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinic in Yudu, Ganzhou, China
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36
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Aun AG, Damasceno DC, Sinzato YK, Nogueira FR, Souza KM, Lawi YSA, Guedes JL, Silva MAP, de Carvalho LR, Braz LG, Braz MG. High anesthetic exposure leads to oxidative damage and gene expression changes in physicians during medical residency: a cohort study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27577-y. [PMID: 37184787 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27577-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Evaluation of the possible toxic effects of occupational exposure to anesthetics is of great importance, and the literature is limited in assessing the possible association between occupational exposure to anesthetics and oxidative stress and genetic damage. To contribute to the gap of knowledge in relation to cause-effect, this cohort study was the first to monitor exposure assessment and to evaluate oxidative stress, DNA damage, and gene expression (OGG1, NRF2, HO-1, and TP53) in young adult physicians occupationally exposed to the most modern halogenated anesthetics (currently the commonly used inhalational anesthetics worldwide) in addition to nitrous oxide gas during the medical residency period. Therefore, the physicians were evaluated before the beginning of the medical residency (before the exposure to anesthetics-baseline), during (1 1/2 year) and at the end (2 1/2 years) of the medical residency. Anesthetic air monitoring was performed in operating rooms without adequate ventilation/scavenging systems, and biological samples were analyzed for lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyl content, primary and oxidative DNA damage, antioxidant enzymes and plasma antioxidant capacity, and expression of some key genes. The results showed induction of lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, glutathione peroxidase activity, and NRF2 and OGG1 expression up to the end of medical residency. Plasma antioxidant capacity progressively increased throughout medical residency; oxidative DNA damage levels started to increase during medical residency and were higher at the end of residency than at baseline. Protein carbonyls increased during but not at the end of medical residency compared to baseline. The antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase activity remained lower than baseline during and at the end of medical residency, and HO-1 (related to antioxidant defense) expression was downregulated at the end of medical residency. Additionally, anesthetic concentrations were above international recommendations. In conclusion, high concentrations of anesthetic in the workplace induce oxidative stress, gene expression modulation, and genotoxicity in physicians during their specialization period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline G Aun
- UNIPEX, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Professor Mário Rubens G. Montenegro Av., Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Débora C Damasceno
- UNIPEX, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Professor Mário Rubens G. Montenegro Av., Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Yuri K Sinzato
- UNIPEX, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Professor Mário Rubens G. Montenegro Av., Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Flávia R Nogueira
- UNIPEX, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Professor Mário Rubens G. Montenegro Av., Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Kátina M Souza
- UNIPEX, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Professor Mário Rubens G. Montenegro Av., Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Youssef S A Lawi
- UNIPEX, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Professor Mário Rubens G. Montenegro Av., Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Júlia L Guedes
- UNIPEX, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Professor Mário Rubens G. Montenegro Av., Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Mariane A P Silva
- UNIPEX, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Professor Mário Rubens G. Montenegro Av., Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Lídia R de Carvalho
- Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Leandro G Braz
- UNIPEX, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Professor Mário Rubens G. Montenegro Av., Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Mariana G Braz
- UNIPEX, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Professor Mário Rubens G. Montenegro Av., Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-687, Brazil.
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Naomi R, Yazid MD, Teoh SH, Balan SS, Shariff H, Kumar J, Bahari H, Embong H. Dietary Polyphenols as a Protection against Cognitive Decline: Evidence from Animal Experiments; Mechanisms and Limitations. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051054. [PMID: 37237920 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that cognitive impairments may result from various factors, such as neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, impaired neurogenesis, synaptic plasticity, blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, amyloid β protein (Aβ) deposition, and gut dysbiosis. Meanwhile, dietary polyphenol intake in a recommended dosage has been suggested to reverse cognitive dysfunction via various pathways. However, excessive intake of polyphenols could trigger unwanted adverse effects. Thus, this review aims to outline possible causes of cognitive impairments and how polyphenols alleviate memory loss via various pathways based on in vivo experimental studies. Thus, to identify potentially relevant articles, the keywords (1) nutritional polyphenol intervention NOT medicine AND neuron growth OR (2) dietary polyphenol AND neurogenesis AND memory impairment OR (3) polyphenol AND neuron regeneration AND memory deterioration (Boolean operators) were used in the Nature, PubMed, Scopus, and Wiley online libraries. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 36 research papers were selected to be further reviewed. The outcome of all the studies included supports the statement of appropriate dosage by taking into consideration gender differences, underlying conditions, lifestyle, and causative factors for cognitive decline, which will significantly boost memory power. Therefore, this review recapitulates the possible causes of cognitive decline, the mechanism of polyphenols involving various signaling pathways in modulating the memory, gut dysbiosis, endogenous antioxidants, bioavailability, dosage, and safety efficacy of polyphenols. Hence, this review is expected to provide a basic understanding of therapeutic development for cognitive impairments in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Naomi
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Dain Yazid
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (CTERM), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Soo Huat Teoh
- Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 13200, Malaysia
| | - Santhra Segaran Balan
- Department of Diagnostic and Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Management and Science University, Shah Alam 40100, Malaysia
| | - Halim Shariff
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University Technology Mara (UITM) Pulau Pinang, Bertam Campus, Kepala Batas 13200, Malaysia
| | - Jaya Kumar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Hasnah Bahari
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Hashim Embong
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
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Di Stasi LC. Natural Coumarin Derivatives Activating Nrf2 Signaling Pathway as Lead Compounds for the Design and Synthesis of Intestinal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16040511. [PMID: 37111267 PMCID: PMC10142712 DOI: 10.3390/ph16040511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) is a transcription factor related to stress response and cellular homeostasis that plays a key role in maintaining the redox system. The imbalance of the redox system is a triggering factor for the initiation and progression of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). Nrf2 and its inhibitor Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) are the main regulators of oxidative stress and their activation has been recognized as a promising strategy for the treatment or prevention of several acute and chronic diseases. Moreover, activation of Nrf2/keap signaling pathway promotes inhibition of NF-κB, a transcriptional factor related to pro-inflammatory cytokines expression, synchronically promoting an anti-inflammatory response. Several natural coumarins have been reported as potent antioxidant and intestinal anti-inflammatory compounds, acting by different mechanisms, mainly as a modulator of Nrf2/keap signaling pathway. Based on in vivo and in vitro studies, this review focuses on the natural coumarins obtained from both plant products and fermentative processes of food plants by gut microbiota, which activate Nrf2/keap signaling pathway and produce intestinal anti-inflammatory activity. Although gut metabolites urolithin A and urolithin B as well as other plant-derived coumarins display intestinal anti-inflammatory activity modulating Nrf2 signaling pathway, in vitro and in vivo studies are necessary for better pharmacological characterization and evaluation of their potential as lead compounds. Esculetin, 4-methylesculetin, daphnetin, osthole, and imperatorin are the most promising coumarin derivatives as lead compounds for the design and synthesis of Nrf2 activators with intestinal anti-inflammatory activity. However, further structure-activity relationships studies with coumarin derivatives in experimental models of intestinal inflammation and subsequent clinical trials in health and disease volunteers are essential to determine the efficacy and safety in IBD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz C Di Stasi
- Laboratory of Phytomedicines, Pharmacology and Biotechnology (PhytoPharmaTech), Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, SP, Brazil
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Xie B, Zhu Y, Shen Y, Xu W, Song X. Treatment update for vitiligo based on autoimmune inhibition and melanocyte protection. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2023; 27:189-206. [PMID: 36947026 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2023.2193329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The treatment of vitiligo remains challenging due to the complexity of its pathogenesis, influenced by genetic factors, oxidative stress and abnormal cell adhesion that collectively impact melanocyte survival and trigger immune system attacks, resulting in melanocyte death. Melanocytes in vitiligo are believed to exhibit genetic susceptibility and defects in cellular mechanisms, such as defects in autophagy, that reduce their ability to resist oxidative stress, leading to increased expression of the pro-inflammatory protein HSP70. The low expression of adhesion molecules, such as DDR1 and E-cadherin, accelerates melanocyte damage and antigen exposure. Consequently, autoimmune attacks centered on IFN-γ-CXCR9/10-CXCR3-CD8+ T cells are initiated, causing vitiligo. AREAS COVERED This review discusses the latest knowledge on the pathogenesis of vitiligo and potential therapeutic targets from the perspective of suppressing autoimmune attacks and activating melanocytes functions. EXPERT OPINION Vitiligo is one of the most challenging dermatological diseases due to its complex pathogenesis with diverse therapeutic targets. Immune suppression, such as corticosteroids and emerging JAK inhibitors, has proven effective in disease progression. However, during the early stages of the disease, it is also important to optimize therapeutic strategies to activate melanocytes for alleviating oxidative stress and improving treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Xie
- Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Hangzhou Third Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Affiliated Hangzhou Dermatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine; West Lake Ave 38, Hangzhou, 310009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqi Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Hangzhou Third Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Affiliated Hangzhou Dermatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine; West Lake Ave 38, Hangzhou, 310009, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University; Binwen Rd 548, Hangzhou, 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqing Shen
- Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Hangzhou Third Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Affiliated Hangzhou Dermatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine; West Lake Ave 38, Hangzhou, 310009, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University; Binwen Rd 548, Hangzhou, 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Hangzhou Third Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Affiliated Hangzhou Dermatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine; West Lake Ave 38, Hangzhou, 310009, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Yuhangtang Rd 866, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuzu Song
- Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Hangzhou Third Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Affiliated Hangzhou Dermatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine; West Lake Ave 38, Hangzhou, 310009, People's Republic of China
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The Role of the Transcription Factor Nrf2 in Alzheimer’s Disease: Therapeutic Opportunities. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13030549. [PMID: 36979483 PMCID: PMC10046499 DOI: 10.3390/biom13030549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder that affects the elderly. One of the key features of AD is the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which leads to an overall increase in oxidative damage. The nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) is a master regulator of the antioxidant response in cells. Under low ROS levels, Nrf2 is kept in the cytoplasm. However, an increase in ROS production leads to a translocation of Nrf2 into the nucleus, where it activates the transcription of several genes involved in the cells’ antioxidant response. Additionally, Nrf2 activation increases autophagy function. However, in AD, the accumulation of Aβ and tau reduces Nrf2 levels, decreasing the antioxidant response. The reduced Nrf2 levels contribute to the further accumulation of Aβ and tau by impairing their autophagy-mediated turnover. In this review, we discuss the overwhelming evidence indicating that genetic or pharmacological activation of Nrf2 is as a potential approach to mitigate AD pathology.
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Pereira QC, dos Santos TW, Fortunato IM, Ribeiro ML. The Molecular Mechanism of Polyphenols in the Regulation of Ageing Hallmarks. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065508. [PMID: 36982583 PMCID: PMC10049696 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Ageing is a complex process characterized mainly by a decline in the function of cells, tissues, and organs, resulting in an increased risk of mortality. This process involves several changes, described as hallmarks of ageing, which include genomic instability, telomere attrition, epigenetic changes, loss of proteostasis, dysregulated nutrient sensing, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, stem cell depletion, and altered intracellular communication. The determining role that environmental factors such as diet and lifestyle play on health, life expectancy, and susceptibility to diseases, including cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, is wellestablished. In view of the growing interest in the beneficial effects of phytochemicals in the prevention of chronic diseases, several studies have been conducted, and they strongly suggest that the intake of dietary polyphenols may bring numerous benefits due to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and their intake has been associated with impaired ageing in humans. Polyphenol intake has been shown to be effective in ameliorating several age-related phenotypes, including oxidative stress, inflammatory processes, impaired proteostasis, and cellular senescence, among other features, which contribute to an increased risk of ageing-associated diseases. This review aims to address, in a general way, the main findings described in the literature about the benefits of polyphenols in each of the hallmarks of ageing, as well as the main regulatory mechanisms responsible for the observed antiageing effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quélita Cristina Pereira
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Molecular Biology, Sao Francisco University Medical School, Braganca Paulista 12916-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Tanila Wood dos Santos
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Molecular Biology, Sao Francisco University Medical School, Braganca Paulista 12916-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Isabela Monique Fortunato
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Molecular Biology, Sao Francisco University Medical School, Braganca Paulista 12916-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Lima Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Molecular Biology, Sao Francisco University Medical School, Braganca Paulista 12916-900, SP, Brazil
- Lymphoma Translational Group, Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, 08916 Badalona, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Ginsenoside Rb1 Improves Post-Cardiac Arrest Myocardial Stunning and Cerebral Outcomes by Regulating the Keap1/Nrf2 Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24055059. [PMID: 36902487 PMCID: PMC10003120 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24055059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The prognosis of cardiac arrest (CA) is dismal despite the ongoing progress in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). ginsenoside Rb1 (Gn-Rb1) has been verified to be cardioprotective in cardiac remodeling and cardiac ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, but its role is less known in CA. After 15 min of potassium chloride-induced CA, male C57BL/6 mice were resuscitated. Gn-Rb1 was blindly randomized to mice after 20 s of CPR. We assessed the cardiac systolic function before CA and 3 h after CPR. Mortality rates, neurological outcome, mitochondrial homeostasis, and the levels of oxidative stress were evaluated. We found that Gn-Rb1 improved the long-term survival during the post-resuscitation period but did not affect the ROSC rate. Further mechanistic investigations revealed that Gn-Rb1 ameliorated CA/CPR-induced mitochondrial destabilization and oxidative stress, partially via the activation of Keap1/Nrf2 axis. Gn-Rb1 improved the neurological outcome after resuscitation partially by balancing the oxidative stress and suppressing apoptosis. In sum, Gn-Rb1 protects against post-CA myocardial stunning and cerebral outcomes via the induction of the Nrf2 signaling pathway, which may offer a new insight into therapeutic strategies for CA.
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Salamito M, Gillet B, Syx D, Vaganay E, Malbouyres M, Cerutti C, Tissot N, Exbrayat-Héritier C, Perez P, Jones C, Hughes S, Malfait F, Haydont V, Jäger S, Ruggiero F. NRF2 Shortage in Human Skin Fibroblasts Dysregulates Matrisome Gene Expression and Affects Collagen Fibrillogenesis. J Invest Dermatol 2023; 143:386-397.e12. [PMID: 38487918 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
NRF2 is a master regulator of the antioxidative response that was recently proposed as a potential regulator of extracellular matrix (ECM) gene expression. Fibroblasts are major ECM producers in all connective tissues, including the dermis. A better understanding of NRF2-mediated ECM regulation in skin fibroblasts is thus of great interest for skin homeostasis maintenance and aging protection. In this study, we investigate the impact of NRF2 downregulation on matrisome gene expression and ECM deposits in human primary dermal fibroblasts. RNA-sequencing‒based transcriptome analysis of NRF2 silenced dermal fibroblasts shows that ECM genes are the most regulated gene sets, highlighting the relevance of the NRF2-mediated matrisome program in these cells. Using complementary light and electron microscopy methods, we show that NRF2 deprivation in dermal fibroblasts results in reduced collagen I biosynthesis and impacts collagen fibril deposition. Moreover, we identify ZNF469, a putative transcriptional regulator of collagen biosynthesis, as a target of NRF2. Both ZNF469 silenced fibroblasts and fibroblasts derived from Brittle Corneal Syndrome patients carrying variants in ZNF469 gene show reduced collagen I gene expression. Our study shows that NRF2 orchestrates matrisome expression in human skin fibroblasts through direct or indirect transcriptional mechanisms that could be prioritized to target dermal ECM homeostasis in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Salamito
- Université de Lyon, École Normal Supérieure de Lyon (ENSL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon (IGFL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France; L'Oréal Research & Innovation, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | - Benjamin Gillet
- Université de Lyon, École Normal Supérieure de Lyon (ENSL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon (IGFL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Delfien Syx
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Elisabeth Vaganay
- Université de Lyon, École Normal Supérieure de Lyon (ENSL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon (IGFL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Marilyne Malbouyres
- Université de Lyon, École Normal Supérieure de Lyon (ENSL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon (IGFL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Catherine Cerutti
- Université de Lyon, École Normal Supérieure de Lyon (ENSL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon (IGFL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | | | - Chloé Exbrayat-Héritier
- Université de Lyon, École Normal Supérieure de Lyon (ENSL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon (IGFL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Sandrine Hughes
- Université de Lyon, École Normal Supérieure de Lyon (ENSL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon (IGFL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Fransiska Malfait
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Sibylle Jäger
- L'Oréal Research & Innovation, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | - Florence Ruggiero
- Université de Lyon, École Normal Supérieure de Lyon (ENSL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon (IGFL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
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Culhuac EB, Maggiolino A, Elghandour MMMY, De Palo P, Salem AZM. Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Phytochemicals Found in the Yucca Genus. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030574. [PMID: 36978823 PMCID: PMC10044844 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The Yucca genus encompasses about 50 species native to North America. Species within the Yucca genus have been used in traditional medicine to treat pathologies related to inflammation. Despite its historical use and the popular notion of its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, there is a limited amount of research on this genus. To better understand these properties, this work aimed to analyze phytochemical composition through documentary research. This will provide a better understanding of the molecules and the mechanisms of action that confer such antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. About 92 phytochemicals present within the genus have reported antioxidant or anti-inflammatory effects. It has been suggested that the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties are mainly generated through its free radical scavenging activity, the inhibition of arachidonic acid metabolism, the decrease in TNF-α (Tumor necrosis factor-α), IL-6 (Interleukin-6), iNOS (Inducible nitric oxide synthase), and IL-1β (Interleukin 1β) concentration, the increase of GPx (Glutathione peroxidase), CAT (Catalase), and SOD (Superoxide dismutase) concentration, and the inhibition of the MAPK (Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase), and NF-κB (Nuclear factor kappa B), and the activation of the Nrf2 (Nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor) signaling pathway. These studies provide evidence of its use in traditional medicine against pathologies related to inflammation. However, more models and studies are needed to properly understand the activity of most plants within the genus, its potency, and the feasibility of its use to help manage or treat chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erick Bahena Culhuac
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca 50000, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Aristide Maggiolino
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari A. Moro, 70010 Valenzano, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.M.); (A.Z.M.S.)
| | - Mona M. M. Y. Elghandour
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca 50000, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Pasquale De Palo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari A. Moro, 70010 Valenzano, Italy
| | - Abdelfattah Z. M. Salem
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca 50000, Estado de México, Mexico
- Correspondence: (A.M.); (A.Z.M.S.)
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45
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Molecular Mechanisms of Hyperoxia-Induced Neonatal Intestinal Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054366. [PMID: 36901800 PMCID: PMC10002283 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxygen therapy is important for newborns. However, hyperoxia can cause intestinal inflammation and injury. Hyperoxia-induced oxidative stress is mediated by multiple molecular factors and leads to intestinal damage. Histological changes include ileal mucosal thickness, intestinal barrier damage, and fewer Paneth cells, goblet cells, and villi, effects which decrease the protection from pathogens and increase the risk of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). It also causes vascular changes with microbiota influence. Hyperoxia-induced intestinal injuries are influenced by several molecular factors, including excessive nitric oxide, the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway, reactive oxygen species, toll-like receptor-4, CXC motif ligand-1, and interleukin-6. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathways and some antioxidant cytokines or molecules including interleukin-17D, n-acetylcysteine, arginyl-glutamine, deoxyribonucleic acid, cathelicidin, and health microbiota play a role in preventing cell apoptosis and tissue inflammation from oxidative stress. NF-κB and Nrf2 pathways are essential to maintain the balance of oxidative stress and antioxidants and prevent cell apoptosis and tissue inflammation. Intestinal inflammation can lead to intestinal damage and death of the intestinal tissue, such as in NEC. This review focuses on histologic changes and molecular pathways of hyperoxia-induced intestinal injuries to establish a framework for potential interventions.
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Jiang X, Gao H, Cao Y, Chen S, Huang F, Feng Y, Zhang Y, Feng S. SiNPs induce ferroptosis in HUVECs through p38 inhibiting NrF2 pathway. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1024130. [PMID: 36844840 PMCID: PMC9945284 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1024130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Despite of growing evidence linking silica nanoparticles (SiNPs), one of the global-top-three-produced and -used nanoparticle (NP), to human health risks, there remain many knowledge gaps over the adverse effects of SiNPs exposure on cardiovascular system and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods In this study, the ferroptotic effects of SiNPs (20 nm; 0, 25, 50, and 100 μg/mL) on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and the possible molecular mechanism were studied with the corresponding biochemical and molecular biology assays. Results and discussion The results showed that at the tested concentrations, SiNPs could decrease HUVEC viability, but the deferoxamine mesylate (an iron ion chelator) might rescue this reduction of cell viability. Also, increased levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species and enhanced mRNA expression of lipid oxidation enzymes (ACSL4 and LPCAT3) with increase in lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde), but decreased ratios of intracellular GSH/total-GSH and mitochondrial membrane potential as well as reduced enzymatic activities of anti-oxidative enzymes (CAT, SOD, and GSH-PX), were found in the SiNPs-treated HUVECs. Meanwhile, increase in p38 protein phosphorylation and decrease in NrF2 protein phosphorylation with reduced mRNA expressions of downstream anti-oxidative enzyme genes (CAT, SOD1, GSH-PX, and GPX4) was identified in the SiNPs-exposed HUVECs. These data indicated that SiNPs exposure might induce ferroptosis in HUVECs via p38 inhibiting NrF2 pathway. Ferroptosis of HUVECs will become a useful biomarker for assessing the cardiovascular health risks of environmental contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Jiang
- The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposomics and Entire Lifecycle Health, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China,The School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Huiqian Gao
- The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposomics and Entire Lifecycle Health, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Yunchang Cao
- The Department of Molecular Biology, School of Intelligent Medicine and Biotechnology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Shuting Chen
- The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposomics and Entire Lifecycle Health, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China,The School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Fangfang Huang
- The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposomics and Entire Lifecycle Health, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Yashi Feng
- The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposomics and Entire Lifecycle Health, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Yuqi Zhang
- The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposomics and Entire Lifecycle Health, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Shaolong Feng
- The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposomics and Entire Lifecycle Health, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China,The School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang, China,The State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Shaolong Feng ✉
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Salama AAA, Yassen NN, Mansour HM. Naringin protects mice from D-galactose-induced lung aging and mitochondrial dysfunction: Implication of SIRT1 pathways. Life Sci 2023; 324:121471. [PMID: 36746356 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM Aging is the leading risk factor for diminishing lung function, as well as injury and lung disorder. The target of our research was to examine the potential protective effect of naringin and the possible role of SIRT1 in mice with D-galactose-induced lung aging, by evaluating its effects on antioxidant systems, mitochondrial biogenesis, autophagy, and apoptosis, by referring to the potential involvement of Nrf2/NQO1, LKB1/AMPK/PGC-1α, FOXO1, and P53/caspase-3 signaling. MATERIAL AND METHODS The mice were randomly sorted into 5 groups (10 each): 1st: normal group received subcutaneous normal saline and intragastric distilled water, 2nd: naringin 300 mg/kg orally, 3rd: D-galactose (200 mg/kg/day) was administered subcutaneously into mice for eight weeks, to accelerate aging, 4th & 5th: oral naringin (150, 300 mg/kg) was given daily concurrently with D-galactose injection for 8 weeks. KEY FINDING In silico investigation revealed that naringin substantially stimulates the SIRT1 and AMPK molecules. At the molecular level, our findings indicated that treatment with naringin stimulated the mitochondrial biogenesis pathway through regulation of the LKB1/AMPK/PGC-1α signals and upregulated FOXO1-mediated autophagy. Furthermore, naringin exhibited antioxidant properties by activating the Nrf2/NQO1 pathway and inhibiting MDA and AGEs levels. In addition, Naringin ameliorated alveolar spaces destruction and bronchial wall thickening, as well as alleviated P53/caspase-3 apoptosis signaling. SIGNIFICANCE Naringin exerts protective effects against D-galactose-induced lung aging and enhances longevity by activating SIRT1. SIRT1 regulates various aging-related molecular pathways via restoring pro-oxidant/antioxidant homeostasis, activation of mitochondrial biogenesis, modulating of autophagy and inhibition of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer A A Salama
- Pharmacology Department, National Research Centre, El-Buhouth St., Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Noha N Yassen
- Pathology Department, National Research Centre, El-Buhouth St., Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Heba M Mansour
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology (MUST), 6th of October City, Giza, Egypt.
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Li W, Trieu J, Blazev R, Parker BL, Murphy KT, Swiderski K, Lynch GS. Sulforaphane attenuates cancer cell-induced atrophy of C2C12 myotubes. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 324:C205-C221. [PMID: 36534500 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00025.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cachexia is common in many cancers and the loss of skeletal muscle mass compromises the response to therapies and quality of life. A contributing mechanism is oxidative stress and compounds able to attenuate it may be protective. Sulforaphane (SFN), a natural antioxidant in cruciferous vegetables, activates nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling to decrease oxidative stress. Although SFN has potential as a cancer therapeutic, whether it can attenuate muscle wasting in the absence or presence of chemotherapy is unknown. In healthy C2C12 myotubes, SFN administration for 48 h induced hypertrophy through increased myoblast fusion via Nrf2 and ERK signaling. To determine whether SFN could attenuate wasting induced by cancer cells, myotubes were cocultured with or without Colon-26 (C-26) cancer cells for 48 h and treated with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU, 5 µM) or vehicle (DMSO). SFN (10 µM) or DMSO was added for the final 24 h. Coculture with cancer cells in the absence and presence of 5-FU reduced myotube width by ∼30% (P < 0.001) and ∼20% (P < 0.01), respectively, which was attenuated by SFN (P < 0.05). Exposure to C-26 conditioned media reduced myotube width by 15% (P < 0.001), which was attenuated by SFN. Western immunoblotting and qRT-PCR confirmed activation of Nrf2 signaling and antioxidant genes. Coadministration of Nrf2 inhibitors (ML-385) or MEK inhibitors (PD184352) revealed that SFN's attenuation of atrophy was blocked by ERK inhibition. These data support the chemoprotective and antioxidative function of SFN in myotubes, highlighting its therapeutic potential for cancer-related muscle wasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlan Li
- Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jennifer Trieu
- Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ronnie Blazev
- Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Benjamin L Parker
- Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kate T Murphy
- Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kristy Swiderski
- Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gordon S Lynch
- Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Brusatol: A potential sensitizing agent for cancer therapy from Brucea javanica. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 158:114134. [PMID: 36525821 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is currently the most important problem endangering human health. As antitumor drugs have always been the most common methods for treating cancers, searching for new antitumor agents is of great significance. Brusatol, a quassinoid from the seeds of Brucea javanica, exhibits a potent tumor-suppressing effect with improved disease outcome. Studies have shown that brusatol not only shows potential tumor inhibition through multiple pharmacological effects, such as promoting apoptosis and inhibiting metastasis but also exhibits significant synergistic antitumor effects in combination with chemotherapeutic agents and overcoming chemical resistance in a wide range of cancer types. In this paper, the antitumor effects and mechanisms of brusatol were reviewed to provide evidence that brusatol has the exact antitumor efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents and show the potential of brusatol to be developed as a promising antitumor drug.
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Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidative Phytogenic Substances against Secret Killers in Poultry: Current Status and Prospects. Vet Sci 2023; 10:vetsci10010055. [PMID: 36669057 PMCID: PMC9866488 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10010055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic stress is recognized as a secret killer in poultry. It is associated with systemic inflammation due to cytokine release, dysbiosis, and the so-called leaky gut syndrome, which mainly results from oxidative stress reactions that damage the barrier function of the cells lining the gut wall. Poultry, especially the genetically selected broiler breeds, frequently suffer from these chronic stress symptoms when exposed to multiple stressors in their growing environments. Since oxidative stress reactions and inflammatory damages are multi-stage and long-term processes, overshooting immune reactions and their down-stream effects also negatively affect the animal's microbiota, and finally impair its performance and commercial value. Means to counteract oxidative stress in poultry and other animals are, therefore, highly welcome. Many phytogenic substances, including flavonoids and phenolic compounds, are known to exert anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. In this review, firstly, the main stressors in poultry, such as heat stress, mycotoxins, dysbiosis and diets that contain oxidized lipids that trigger oxidative stress and inflammation, are discussed, along with the key transcription factors involved in the related signal transduction pathways. Secondly, the most promising phytogenic substances and their current applications to ameliorate oxidative stress and inflammation in poultry are highlighted.
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