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Zapata-Linares N, Berenbaum F, Houard X. Role of joint adipose tissues in osteoarthritis. ANNALES D'ENDOCRINOLOGIE 2024; 85:214-219. [PMID: 38871517 DOI: 10.1016/j.ando.2024.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common musculoskeletal disease, without any curative treatment. Obesity being the main modifiable risk factor for OA, much attention focused on the role of adipose tissues (AT). In addition to the involvement of visceral and subcutaneous AT via systemic ways, many arguments also highlight the involvement of local AT, present in joint tissues. Local AT include intra-articular AT (IAAT), which border the synovium, and bone marrow AT (BMAT) localized within marrow cavities in the bones. This review describes the known features and involvement of IAAT and BMAT in joint homeostasis and OA. Recent findings evidence that alteration in magnetic resonance imaging signal intensity of infrapatellar fat pad can be predictive of the development and progression of knee OA. IAAT and synovium are partners of the same functional unit; IAAT playing an early and pivotal role in synovial inflammation and fibrosis and OA pain. BMAT, whose functions have only recently begun to be studied, is in close functional interaction with its microenvironment. The volume and molecular profile of BMAT change according to the pathophysiological context, enabling fine regulation of haematopoiesis and bone metabolism. Although its role in OA has not yet been studied, the localization of BMAT, its functions and the importance of the bone remodelling processes that occur in OA argue in favour of a role for BMAT in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Zapata-Linares
- Centre de recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Sorbonne université, Inserm, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Francis Berenbaum
- Centre de recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Sorbonne université, Inserm, 75012 Paris, France; Rheumatology Department, AP-HP Saint-Antoine Hospital, 184, rue du Faubourg Saint-Antoine, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Xavier Houard
- Centre de recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Sorbonne université, Inserm, 75012 Paris, France.
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2
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Kreitmaier P, Park YC, Swift D, Gilly A, Wilkinson JM, Zeggini E. Epigenomic profiling of the infrapatellar fat pad in osteoarthritis. Hum Mol Genet 2024; 33:501-509. [PMID: 37975894 PMCID: PMC10939427 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddad198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a prevalent, complex disease of the joints, and affects multiple intra-articular tissues. Here, we have examined genome-wide DNA methylation profiles of primary infrapatellar fat pad and matched blood samples from 70 osteoarthritis patients undergoing total knee replacement surgery. Comparing the DNA methylation profiles between these tissues reveal widespread epigenetic differences. We produce the first genome-wide methylation quantitative trait locus (mQTL) map of fat pad, and make the resource available to the wider community. Using two-sample Mendelian randomization and colocalization analyses, we resolve osteoarthritis GWAS signals and provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underpinning disease aetiopathology. Our findings provide the first view of the epigenetic landscape of infrapatellar fat pad primary tissue in osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Kreitmaier
- Technical University of Munich (TUM) and Klinikum Rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Ismaninger Str. 22, Munich 81675, Germany
- Graduate School of Experimental Medicine, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, Munich 81675, Germany
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Young-Chan Park
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Diane Swift
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Rd, Sheffield S10 2RX, United Kingdom
| | - Arthur Gilly
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - J Mark Wilkinson
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Rd, Sheffield S10 2RX, United Kingdom
| | - Eleftheria Zeggini
- Technical University of Munich (TUM) and Klinikum Rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Ismaninger Str. 22, Munich 81675, Germany
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
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3
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Wang Z, Lu J, Li Z, Wang Y, Ge H, Zhang M, Wang R, Gu Y, Ding L, Ren W, Shen Z, Du G, Wu Y, Zhan H. Qualitative and Quantitative Measures in the Infrapatellar Fat Pad in Older Adults: Associations with Knee Pain, Radiographic Osteoarthritis, Kinematics, and Kinetics of the Knee. Acad Radiol 2024:S1076-6332(24)00083-7. [PMID: 38413312 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2024.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study is to delineate cross-sectional associations between qualitative and quantitative measures of the infrapatellar fat pad (IPFP) and knee symptoms, structure, kinematics, and kinetics in older adults. METHODS Ninety eligible subjects (90 knees, mean age 54.0 years, 68.9% female) were examined at our center. We used T2-weighted fat-suppressed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to evaluate signal intensity alteration, maximum sagittal area, and depth of the IPFP. Symptomatic osteoarthritis (SOA) was a pain subscale score greater than 0 on the Western Ontario McMaster Osteoarthritis Index. A Kellgren-Lawrence grade ≥ 2 identified incident radiographic osteoarthritis (iROA). Three-dimensional gait data were employed to analyze knee joint kinematics and kinetics. Correlation and regression analyzes assessed associations between IPFP measurements and SOA, iROA, kinematics, and kinetics. RESULTS There were strong and positive associations between IPFP signal intensity alteration and both SOA and iROA in multivariable regression analyzes [OR (95% CI): 2.849 (1.440 to 5.636), 2.356 (1.236 to 4.492), respectively]. Conversely, a significant negative correlation was observed between IPFP maximum area and flexion angle [B (95%CI): - 1.557 (-2.549 to -0.564)]. Moreover, adjusting for covariates did not reveal any significant correlation between IPFP parameters and other indicators (P > 0.05, respectively). CONCLUSION IPFP signal intensity alteration and area were associated with knee clinical symptoms, structural abnormalities, and flexion angle in adults over 40, respectively. These findings suggest that IPFP may be a crucial imaging biomarker in early and middle knee osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengming Wang
- Shi's Center of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Institute of Traumatology & Orthopedics, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiehang Lu
- Shi's Center of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Institute of Traumatology & Orthopedics, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengyan Li
- Shi's Center of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Institute of Traumatology & Orthopedics, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiya Ge
- Shi's Center of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Institute of Traumatology & Orthopedics, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Shi's Center of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Institute of Traumatology & Orthopedics, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Gu
- Translational Medical Innovation Center, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lipeng Ding
- Shi's Center of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Institute of Traumatology & Orthopedics, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Woxing Ren
- Shi's Center of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Institute of Traumatology & Orthopedics, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhibi Shen
- Shi's Center of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Institute of Traumatology & Orthopedics, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoqing Du
- Shi's Center of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yufeng Wu
- Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongsheng Zhan
- Shi's Center of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Institute of Traumatology & Orthopedics, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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4
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Satake Y, Izumi M, Aso K, Ikeuchi M. Association between infrapatellar fat pad ultrasound elasticity and anterior knee pain in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20103. [PMID: 37973859 PMCID: PMC10654649 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47459-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigates whether infrapatellar fat pad (IPFP) elasticity is associated with anterior knee pain in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). The IPFP elasticity of 97 patients with KOA (Kellgren and Lawrence [KL] grades of the femorotibial and patellofemoral joints ≥ 2 and ≤ 2, respectively), aged 46-86 years, was evaluated via shear wave speed using ultrasound elastography. The patients were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of anterior knee pain. Univariate analyses were used to compare patient age, sex, femorotibial KL grade, magnetic resonance imaging findings (Hoffa, effusion synovitis, bone marrow lesion scores, and IPFP size), and IPFP elasticity between the groups. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were subsequently performed using selected explanatory variables. IPFP elasticity was found to be associated with anterior knee pain in the univariate (p = 0.007) and multivariate (odds ratio: 61.12, 95% CI 1.95-1920.66; p = 0.019) analyses. Anterior knee pain is strongly associated with stiffer IPFPs regardless of the femorotibial KL grade, suggesting that ultrasound elastography is useful for the diagnosis of painful IPFP in patients with KOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Satake
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kohasu, Okoh-Cho, Nankoku-City, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan.
| | - Masashi Izumi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kohasu, Okoh-Cho, Nankoku-City, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan
| | - Koji Aso
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kohasu, Okoh-Cho, Nankoku-City, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan
| | - Masahiko Ikeuchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kohasu, Okoh-Cho, Nankoku-City, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan
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5
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Hsieh CY, Wang CC, Tayo LL, Deng SX, Tsai PW, Lee CJ. In vitro and in vivo anti-osteoarthritis effects of tradition Chinese prescription Ji-Ming-San. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 305:116084. [PMID: 36584922 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.116084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ji-Ming-Shan (JMS) is a traditional herbal prescription consisting of seven herbs including Areca cathechu Burm.f., Citrus reticulata Blanco, Chaenomeles speciosa (Sweet) Nakai, Euodia ruticarpa (A. Juss.) Benth., Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton, Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Platycodon grandiflorus (Jacq.). It was first recorded during the Song dynasty and has been used extensively for protection against rheumatism, treatment of swelling of tendons, relief from foot pain, gout and diuresis and other forms of inflammation. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study is to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and anti-osteoarthritis activity of JMS extracts with the use of different cell lines (RAW 264.7 cells, SW1353 cells and primary cultured rat chondrocytes). MIA-induced rat animal models were used to assess the anti-osteoarthritis activity of the extract. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study investigated the anti-inflammatory activity of JMS-95E on LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages and IL-1β-stimulated chondrocytes. For the in vivo study, male Wistar rats were used and they were randomly assigned in different groups: blank, control, positive control and three different JMS-95E treatment groups (200, 400, 800 mg/kg/d). Paw edema, hind-limb weight bearing, serum inflammatory cytokines including hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining experiments were used to assess the efficacy of the extract in the rat model. RESULT JMS 95% ethanol extract (JMS-95E, marker substance: narirutin (5.10 mg/g) and hesperidin (11.33 mg/g) has been identified in the extract using high pressure liquid chromatography. For in vitro assays, JMS-95E did not exhibit cytotoxicity and was able to downregulate the protein expression of iNOS, COX-2 and MMP-13. The production of inflammatory mediators such as NO and PGE2 were also reduced with an increase in dose-dependent manner in various cell lines. Inhibitory activity on the key enzyme xanthine oxidase was also observed in this study. In rat animal models, JMS-95E reduced the inflammatory responses such as acute swelling, chondrocyte degradation and pain section of paw edema in rat model. Molecular marker studies of inflammation demonstrated that JMS-95E significantly decrease PGE2 expression in MIA model. CONCLUSION JMS-95E inhibited the inflammatory pathway leading to the production or expression levels of NO, iNOS, COX-2 and PGE2 in macrophage cells. In primary cultured rat chondrocytes iNOS and SW1353 MMP-13 expression were downregulated after JMS-95E treatment. For the in vivo study JMS-95E significantly reduced the paw volume of carrageenan-induced rat paw edema through each dose and significantly inhibited paw volume, counterweight the distribution of hind-paw weight bearing through the MIA model which means JMS-95E could promote recovery of the acute swelling and chondrocyte degradation of the ankle joints. The above results provided the multiple mechanism of JMS-95E in OA treatment of the scientific founding which supported the description of JMS in traditional use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Yang Hsieh
- Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.
| | - Ching-Chiung Wang
- Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan; Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, 110, Taiwan; School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.
| | - Lemmuel L Tayo
- School of Chemical, Biological, Materials Engineering and Sciences, Mapúa University, Intramuros, Manila, 1002, Metro Manila, Philippines.
| | - Shun-Xin Deng
- Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.
| | - Po-Wei Tsai
- Department of Medical Science Industries, College of Health Sciences, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan, 711, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Jung Lee
- Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan; Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.
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6
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Lisee C, Bjornsen E, Berkoff D, Blake K, Schwartz T, Horton WZ, Pietrosimone B. Changes in biomechanics, strength, physical function, and daily steps after extended-release corticosteroid injections in knee osteoarthritis: a responder analysis. Clin Rheumatol 2023:10.1007/s10067-023-06568-x. [PMID: 36929315 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-023-06568-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION/OBJECTIVE To determine changes in gait biomechanics, quadricep strength, physical function, and daily steps after an extended-release corticosteroid knee injection at 4 and 8 weeks post-injection in individuals with knee osteoarthritis as well as between responders and non-responders based on changes in self-reported knee function. METHOD The single-arm, clinical trial included three study visits (baseline, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks post-injection), where participants received an extended-release corticosteroid injection following the baseline visit. Time-normalized vertical ground reaction force (vGRF), knee flexion angle (KFA), knee abduction moment (KAM), and knee extension moment (KEM) waveforms throughout stance were collected during gait biomechanical assessments. Participants also completed quadricep strength, physical function (chair-stand, stair-climb, 20-m fast-paced walk) testing, and free-living daily step assessment for 7 days following each visit. RESULTS All participants demonstrated increased KFA excursion (i.e., greater knee extension angle at heel strike and KFA at toe-off), increased KEM during early stance, improved physical function (all p < 0.001), and increased quadricep strength at 4 and 8 weeks. KAM increased throughout most of stance at 4 and 8 weeks post-injection (p < 0.001) but appears to be driven by gait changes in non-responders. Non-responders demonstrated lesser vGRF during late stance and lesser KEM and KFA throughout stance compared to responders at baseline. CONCLUSIONS Extended-release corticosteroid injections demonstrated short-term improvements in gait biomechanics, quadricep strength, and physical function for up to 4 weeks. However, non-responders demonstrated gait biomechanics associated with osteoarthritis progression prior to the corticosteroid injection, suggesting that non-responders demonstrate more deleterious gait biomechanics prior to corticosteroid injection. Key Points • Individuals with knee osteoarthritis who were treated with extended-release corticosteroid injections demonstrated improvements in gait biomechanics and physical function for 8 weeks. • Individuals with knee osteoarthritis, who walked with aberrant walking biomechanics before treatment, failed to respond to extended-release corticosteroid treatment. • Future research should determine the mechanisms contributing to the short-term changes in gait biomechanics and physical function such as reduced inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Lisee
- Department of Exercise and Sports Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB#8700, 209 Fetzer Hall, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
| | - Elizabeth Bjornsen
- Department of Exercise and Sports Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB#8700, 209 Fetzer Hall, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - David Berkoff
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Karen Blake
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Todd Schwartz
- Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - W Zachary Horton
- Department of Statistics, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Brian Pietrosimone
- Department of Exercise and Sports Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB#8700, 209 Fetzer Hall, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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7
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Teng L, Shen Y, Qu Y, Yang L, Yang Y, Jian X, Fan S, Zhang L, Fu Q. Cyasterone inhibits IL-1β-mediated apoptosis and inflammation via the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways in rat chondrocytes and ameliorates osteoarthritisin vivo. Chin J Nat Med 2023; 21:99-112. [PMID: 36871986 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(23)60388-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a prevalent global joint disease, which is characterized by inflammatory reaction and cartilage degradation. Cyasterone, a sterone derived from the roots of Cyathula officinalis Kuan, exerts protective effect against several inflammation-related diseases. However, its effect on osteoarthritis remains unclear. The current study was designed to investigate the potential anti-osteoarthritis activity of cyasterone. Primary chondrocytes isolated from rats induced by interleukin (IL)-1β and a rat model stimulated by monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) were used for in vitro and in vivo experiments, respectively. The results of in vitro experiments showed that cyasterone apparently counteracted chondrocyte apoptosis, increased the expression of collagen II and aggrecan, and restrained the production of the inflammatory factors inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs-5 (ADAMTS-5), metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3), and metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) induced by IL-1β in chondrocytes. Furthermore, cyasterone ameliorated the inflammation and degenerative progression of osteoarthritis potentially by regulating the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. For in vivo experiments, cyasterone significantly alleviated the inflammatory response and cartilage destruction of rats induced by monosodium iodoacetate, where dexamethasone was used as the positive control. Overall, this study laid a theoretical foundation for developing cyasterone as an effective agent for the alleviation of osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Teng
- Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Yue Shen
- Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Yuhan Qu
- Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Longfei Yang
- Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Yuting Yang
- Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Xi Jian
- Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Shengli Fan
- Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Lele Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China.
| | - Qiang Fu
- Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China.
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8
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Zhou S, Maleitzke T, Geissler S, Hildebrandt A, Fleckenstein FN, Niemann M, Fischer H, Perka C, Duda GN, Winkler T. Source and hub of inflammation: The infrapatellar fat pad and its interactions with articular tissues during knee osteoarthritis. J Orthop Res 2022; 40:1492-1504. [PMID: 35451170 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Knee osteoarthritis, the most prevalent degenerative joint disorder worldwide, is driven by chronic low-grade inflammation and subsequent cartilage degradation. Clinical data on the role of the Hoffa or infrapatellar fat pad in knee osteoarthritis are, however, scarce. The infrapatellar fat pad is a richly innervated intracapsular, extrasynovial adipose tissue, and an abundant source of adipokines and proinflammatory and catabolic cytokines, which may contribute to chronic synovial inflammation, cartilage destruction, and subchondral bone remodeling during knee osteoarthritis. How the infrapatellar fat pad interacts with neighboring tissues is poorly understood. Here, we review available literature with regard to the infrapatellar fat pad's interactions with cartilage, synovium, bone, menisci, ligaments, and nervous tissue during the development and progression of knee osteoarthritis. Signaling cascades are described with a focus on immune cell populations, pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, adipokines, mesenchymal stromal cells, and molecules derived from conditioned media from the infrapatellar fat pad. Understanding the complex interplay between the infrapatellar fat pad and its neighboring articular tissues may help to better understand and treat the multifactorial pathogenesis of osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijia Zhou
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tazio Maleitzke
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Biomedical Innovation Academy, BIH Charité Clinician Scientist Program, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sven Geissler
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander Hildebrandt
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian Nima Fleckenstein
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Biomedical Innovation Academy, BIH Charité Clinician Scientist Program, Berlin, Germany.,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcel Niemann
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin, Germany
| | - Heilwig Fischer
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten Perka
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Berlin, Germany
| | - Georg N Duda
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Winkler
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin, Germany
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Muenzebrock KA, Kersten V, Alblas J, Garcia JP, Creemers LB. The Added Value of the “Co” in Co-Culture Systems in Research on Osteoarthritis Pathology and Treatment Development. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:843056. [PMID: 35309991 PMCID: PMC8927651 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.843056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a highly prevalent disease and a major health burden. Its development and progression are influenced by factors such as age, obesity or joint overuse. As a whole organ disease OA affects not only cartilage, bone and synovium but also ligaments, fatty or nervous tissue surrounding the joint. These joint tissues interact with each other and understanding this interaction is important in developing novel treatments. To incorporate and study these interactions in OA research, several co-culture models have evolved. They combine two or more cell types or tissues and investigate the influence of amongst others inflammatory or degenerative stimuli seen in OA. This review focuses on co-cultures and the differential processes occurring in a given tissue or cell as a consequence of being combined with another joint cell type or tissue, and/or the extent to which a co-culture mimics the in vivo processes. Most co-culture models depart from synovial lining and cartilage culture, but also fat pad and bone have been included. Not all of the models appear to reflect the postulated in vivo OA pathophysiology, although some of the discrepancies may indicate current assumptions on this process are not entirely valid. Systematic analysis of the mutual influence the separate compartments in a given model exert on each other and validation against in vivo or ex vivo observation is still largely lacking and would increase their added value as in vitro OA models.
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10
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Zaki S, Blaker CL, Little CB. OA foundations - experimental models of osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2022; 30:357-380. [PMID: 34536528 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2021.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is increasingly recognised as a disease of diverse phenotypes with variable clinical presentation, progression, and response to therapeutic intervention. This same diversity is readily apparent in the many animal models of OA. However, model selection, study design, and interpretation of resultant findings, are not routinely done in the context of the target human (or veterinary) patient OA sub-population or phenotype. This review discusses the selection and use of animal models of OA in discovery and therapeutic-development research. Beyond evaluation of the different animal models on offer, this review suggests focussing the approach to OA-animal model selection on study objective(s), alignment of available models with OA-patient sub-types, and the resources available to achieve valid and translatable results. How this approach impacts model selection is discussed and an experimental design checklist for selecting the optimal model(s) is proposed. This approach should act as a guide to new researchers and a reminder to those already in the field, as to issues that need to be considered before embarking on in vivo pre-clinical research. The ultimate purpose of using an OA animal model is to provide the best possible evidence if, how, when and where a molecule, pathway, cell or process is important in clinical disease. By definition this requires both model and study outcomes to align with and be predictive of outcomes in patients. Keeping this at the forefront of research using pre-clinical OA models, will go a long way to improving the quality of evidence and its translational value.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Zaki
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Australia; Raymond Purves Bone and Joint Research Laboratory, Australia.
| | - C L Blaker
- Raymond Purves Bone and Joint Research Laboratory, Australia; Murray Maxwell Biomechanics Laboratory, The Kolling Institute, University of Sydney Faculty of Medicine and Health, At Royal North Shore Hospital, Australia.
| | - C B Little
- Raymond Purves Bone and Joint Research Laboratory, Australia.
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11
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Xu J, Ye Z, Han K, Zheng T, Zhang T, Dong S, Jiang J, Yan X, Cai J, Zhao J. Infrapatellar Fat Pad Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Derived Exosomes Accelerate Tendon-Bone Healing and Intra-articular Graft Remodeling After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction. Am J Sports Med 2022; 50:662-673. [PMID: 35224997 DOI: 10.1177/03635465211072227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) reportedly enhance the healing process. However, no studies have investigated the effect of exosomes from infrapatellar fat pad (IPFP) MSCs on tendon-bone healing and intra-articular graft remodeling after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). PURPOSE To evaluate the in vivo effect of exosomes from IPFP MSCs on tendon-bone healing and intra-articular graft remodeling in a rat model of ACLR. STUDY DESIGN Controlled laboratory study. METHODS A total of 90 skeletally mature male Sprague Dawley rats underwent unilateral ACLR using an autograft. All rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: sham injection (SI) group (n = 30), control injection (CI) group (n = 30), and IPFP MSC-derived exosome injection (IMEI) group (n = 30). At 2, 4, and 8 weeks postoperatively, tendon-bone healing and intra-articular graft remodeling were evaluated via biomechanical testing, micro-computed tomography, and histological analysis; macrophage polarization was evaluated using immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS Biomechanical testing demonstrated a significantly higher failure load and stiffness in the IMEI group than in the SI and CI groups at 4 and 8 weeks postoperatively. Moreover, a thinner graft-to-bone healing interface with more fibrocartilage was observed in the IMEI group at both time points. Micro-computed tomography revealed greater new bone ingrowth in the IMEI group than in the other groups, as demonstrated by smaller mean bone tunnel areas and a larger bone volume/total volume ratio. Additionally, more cellular infiltration was observed in the intra-articular graft in the IMEI group than in the other groups at 4 weeks, followed by more regularly organized fibers with mature collagen at 8 weeks. Notably, similar trends of macrophage polarization were found at both the graft-to-bone interface and the intra-articular graft in the IMEI group, with significantly fewer proinflammatory M1 macrophages and larger numbers of reparative M2 macrophages than in the SI and CI groups. CONCLUSION IPFP MSC-derived exosomes accelerated tendon-bone healing and intra-articular graft remodeling after ACLR, which may have resulted from the immunomodulation of macrophage polarization. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The IPFP can be easily harvested by most orthopaedic surgeons. Exosomes from IPFP MSCs, constituting a newly emerging cell-free approach, may represent a treatment option for improving tendon-bone healing and intra-articular graft remodeling after ACLR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Xu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zipeng Ye
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Kang Han
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Zheng
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianlun Zhang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Shikui Dong
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Jiang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yan
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiangyu Cai
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinzhong Zhao
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
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12
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Accart N, Dawson J, Obrecht M, Lambert C, Flueckiger M, Kreider J, Hatakeyama S, Richards PJ, Beckmann N. Degenerative joint disease induced by repeated intra-articular injections of monosodium urate crystals in rats as investigated by translational imaging. Sci Rep 2022; 12:157. [PMID: 34997110 PMCID: PMC8742129 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04125-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this work was to assess the consequences of repeated intra-articular injection of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals with inflammasome priming by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in order to simulate recurrent bouts of gout in rats. Translational imaging was applied to simultaneously detect and quantify injury in different areas of the knee joint. MSU/LPS induced joint swelling, synovial membrane thickening, fibrosis of the infrapatellar fat pad, tidemark breaching, and cartilage invasion by inflammatory cells. A higher sensitivity to mechanical stimulus was detected in paws of limbs receiving MSU/LPS compared to saline-injected limbs. In MSU/LPS-challenged joints, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed increased synovial fluid volume in the posterior region of the joint, alterations in the infrapatellar fat pad reflecting a progressive decrease of fat volume and fibrosis formation, and a significant increase in the relaxation time T2 in femoral cartilage, consistent with a reduction of proteoglycan content. MRI also showed cyst formation in the tibia, femur remodeling, and T2 reductions in extensor muscles consistent with fibrosis development. Repeated intra-articular MSU/LPS injections in the rat knee joint induced pathology in multiple tissues and may be a useful means to investigate the relationship between urate crystal deposition and the development of degenerative joint disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Accart
- Musculoskeletal Diseases Department, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Fabrikstr. 28.3.04, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Janet Dawson
- Autoimmunity, Transplantation & Inflammation Department, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Lichtstr. 35, WSJ-386.6.08.18, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael Obrecht
- Musculoskeletal Diseases Department, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Fabrikstr. 28.3.04, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christian Lambert
- Musculoskeletal Diseases Department, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Fabrikstr. 28.3.04, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Manuela Flueckiger
- Musculoskeletal Diseases Department, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Fabrikstr. 28.3.04, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Julie Kreider
- Musculoskeletal Diseases Department, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Fabrikstr. 28.3.04, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Shinji Hatakeyama
- Musculoskeletal Diseases Department, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Fabrikstr. 28.3.04, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Peter J Richards
- Musculoskeletal Diseases Department, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Fabrikstr. 28.3.04, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicolau Beckmann
- Musculoskeletal Diseases Department, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Fabrikstr. 28.3.04, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland.
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13
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A rabbit femoral trochlear defect model for chondral and osteochondral regeneration. ACTA VET BRNO 2022. [DOI: 10.2754/avb202291030293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Articular cartilage degeneration represents one of the main features of osteoarthritis. Recently, novel approaches based on biomaterials have been successfully applied to osteochondral regeneration. Our study was carried out on rabbits to assess a model of articular cartilage damage to test biomaterials for osteochondral regeneration. We created osteochondral defects on the surface of the trochlear groove area of the femurs in 15 white male New Zealand rabbits of the size of 3 mm × 3 mm (diameter × depth). Rabbits were then monitored and samples were collected 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 6 weeks after the operation. The reconstruction of defects was assessed macroscopically according to the International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) scale and radiography (X-ray). For microscopic evaluation, haematoxylin-eosin staining and safranin O staining were used. The defects were repaired by regenerative tissue, and the recovery results gradually increased after 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 6 weeks, showing both microscopically and macroscopically. However, the regenerative tissue was mainly fibrous connective tissue, not cartilage or bone. This is a model of articular cartilage damage that is suitable for early screening of preclinical studies related to osteochondral regeneration using biomaterials.
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14
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da Silva Nascimento FG, de Souza Ferreira Bringel PH, Maia FWS, Lima CPC, Alves RC, Feitosa JPA, Mota MRL, Assreuy AMS, Castro RR. Galactomannan of Delonix regia seeds reduces nociception and morphological damage in the rat model of osteoarthritis induced by sodium monoiodoacetate. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 394:491-501. [PMID: 33057779 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-020-01996-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of the protein-free galactomannan obtained from Delonix regia seeds (GM-DR) in an experimental osteoarthritis (OA) model. GM-DR was obtained from water-homogenized endosperms by collection of the supernatant and precipitation with ethanol. The remaining proteins in the galactomannan were removed by alkaline hydrolysis. Weight average molar mass (Mw) of the galactomannan was estimated in 5.8 × 105 g mol-1, presenting mannose:galactose ratio of 2.39:1. Rats received sodium monoiodoacetate (OA groups, 1 mg/25 μL) or saline (sham group) in the right tibio-tarsal joint. GM-DR (30-300 μg) was administered by intra-articular route at days 14 and 21 after OA induction. Hypernociception was evaluated daily by the measurement of the mechanical threshold required to cause joint flexion and paw withdrawal reflex. The 56-day animal groups were euthanized for joint histopahological analysis using the OARSI score system. Lower doses of GM-DR (30 and 100 μg) promoted antinociception from day 15 until the endpoint at day 56. Joint damage was reduced by GM-DR administration (100 μg) in OA-subjected animals, compared to the vehicle-treated OA group (5.9 ± 1.8 vs 19.0 ± 1.8, respectively, p < 0.05). Conclusion: Both antinociception and damage reduction suggest that Delonix regia galactomannan is a promising approach for osteoarthritis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Francisco Wildson Silva Maia
- Superior Institute of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Ceará, Av. Dr. Silas Munguba, 1700, Fortaleza, CE, 60714-903, Brazil
| | - Carlos Pinheiro Chagas Lima
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Federal University of Ceará, Av. Mister Hull, s/n, Fortaleza, CE, 60451-970, Brazil
| | - Rômulo Couto Alves
- Catarinian Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology, R. Vigário Frei João, 550, Luzerna, SC, 89609-000, Brazil
| | - Judith Pessoa Andrade Feitosa
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Federal University of Ceará, Av. Mister Hull, s/n, Fortaleza, CE, 60451-970, Brazil
| | - Mário Rogério Lima Mota
- Department of Dental Clinic, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Street Alexandre Baraúna, 949, Fortaleza, CE, 60430-160, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Sampaio Assreuy
- Superior Institute of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Ceará, Av. Dr. Silas Munguba, 1700, Fortaleza, CE, 60714-903, Brazil
| | - Rondinelle Ribeiro Castro
- Superior Institute of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Ceará, Av. Dr. Silas Munguba, 1700, Fortaleza, CE, 60714-903, Brazil.
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15
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Jiang H, Xu L, Liu W, Xiao M, Ke J, Long X. Chronic Pain Causes Peripheral and Central Responses in MIA-Induced TMJOA Rats. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2021; 42:1441-1451. [PMID: 33387118 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-020-01033-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Chronic pain is the predominant symptom that drives temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) patients to seek medical care; however, currently used treatment modalities remain less effective. This study aimed to investigate chronic pain and the peripheral and central responses in monoiodoacetate (MIA)-induced TMJOA rats. First, the appropriate dose of MIA was determined based on pain behavior assessment in rats. Alterations of the condylar structure in TMJOA rats were evaluated by histological staining and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). Second, the period of TMJOA chronic pain was further explored by assessing the numbers of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-positive astrocytes and ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (IBA-1)-positive microglia in the trigeminal spinal nucleus (TSN) and performing nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) efficacy experiments. Finally, the expression of neurofilament 200 (NF200), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), and isolectin B4 (IB4) in the trigeminal ganglion (TG) and TSN was assessed by immunofluorescence. MIA at 4 mg/kg was considered an appropriate dose. Gradual MIA-induced alterations of the condylar structure were correlated with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain. The numbers of GFAP- and IBA-1-positive cells were increased at 2, 3, and 4 weeks after MIA injection. NSAIDs failed to alleviate pain behavior 10 days after MIA injection. CGRP and IB4 levels in the TG and TSN were upregulated at 2 and 4 weeks. These results suggest that TMJOA-related chronic pain emerged 2 weeks after MIA injection. CGRP- and IB4-positive afferents in both the peripheral and central nervous systems may be involved in MIA-induced TMJOA-related chronic pain in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henghua Jiang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 237 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei, China
| | - Liqin Xu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 237 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei, China
| | - Wen Liu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 237 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei, China
| | - Mian Xiao
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 237 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei, China
| | - Jin Ke
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 237 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei, China.
| | - Xing Long
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 237 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei, China.
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16
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Epidemiologic studies reveal that the link between obesity and osteoarthritis cannot be uniquely explained by overweight-associated mechanical overload. For this reason, much attention focuses on the endocrine activity of adipose tissues. In addition to the systemic role of visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues, many arguments highlight the involvement of local adipose tissues in osteoarthritis. RECENT FINDINGS Alteration in MRI signal intensity of the infrapatellar fat pad may predict both accelerated knee osteoarthritis and joint replacement. In this context, recent studies show that mesenchymal stromal cells could play a pivotal role in the pathological remodelling of intra-articular adipose tissues (IAATs) in osteoarthritis. In parallel, recent findings underline bone marrow adipose tissue as a major player in the control of the bone microenvironment, suggesting its possible role in osteoarthritis. SUMMARY The recent description of adipose tissues of various phenotypes within an osteoarthritic joint allows us to evoke their direct involvement in the initiation and progression of the osteoarthritic process. We can expect in the near future the discovery of novel molecules targeting these tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Florent Eymard
- Department of Rheumatology, AP-HP Henri Mondor Hospital
- Gly-CRRET Research Unit 4397, Université Paris-Est Créteil
| | - Francis Berenbaum
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA)
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM CRSA, AP-HP Hopital Saint Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Xavier Houard
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA)
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17
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Flexibility of infrapatellar fat pad affecting anterior knee pain 6 months after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with hamstring autograft. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21347. [PMID: 33288779 PMCID: PMC7721795 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78406-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify factors affecting anterior knee pain (AKP) after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) with hamstring tendon autograft using ultrasonography. Forty-two patients were evaluated by ultrasound, 6 months after ACLR. The thickness of the superficial part of the infrapatellar fat pad was measured, as well as the thickness change ratio between the two angles. Color Doppler evaluated the rate of blood flow in the fat pad. AKP was assessed with the Kujala Scale. The correlations between AKP and age, body mass index, the thickness change ratio, and the grade of increased blood flow were examined. Independent variables showing significant correlations with AKP were used for multiple linear regression analysis. There were significant correlations between AKP and age (r = − 0.68), body mass index (r = − 0.37), the thickness change ratio of the fat pad (r = 0.73) and the grade of increased blood flow (r = − 0.42), respectively. Age and the thickness change ratio of the fat pad affected the AKP score (R2 = 0.56). After ACLR, older age and a decrease in the thickness change ratio of the superficial area of the infrapatellar fat pad appear to affect post-operative AKP after 6 months.
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18
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Greif DN, Kouroupis D, Murdock CJ, Griswold AJ, Kaplan LD, Best TM, Correa D. Infrapatellar Fat Pad/Synovium Complex in Early-Stage Knee Osteoarthritis: Potential New Target and Source of Therapeutic Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:860. [PMID: 32850724 PMCID: PMC7399076 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The infrapatellar fat pad (IFP) has until recently been viewed as a densely vascular and innervated intracapsular/extrasynovial tissue with biomechanical roles in the anterior compartment of the knee. Over the last decade, secondary to the proposition that the IFP and synovium function as a single unit, its recognized tight molecular crosstalk with emerging roles in the pathophysiology of joint disease, and the characterization of immune-related resident cells with varying phenotypes (e.g., pro and anti-inflammatory macrophages), this structural complex has gained increasing attention as a potential therapeutic target in patients with various knee pathologies including osteoarthritis (KOA). Furthermore, the description of the presence of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC) as perivascular cells within the IFP (IFP-MSC), exhibiting immunomodulatory, anti-fibrotic and neutralizing activities over key local mediators, has promoted the IFP as an alternative source of MSC for cell-based therapy protocols. These complementary concepts have supported the growing notion of immune and inflammatory events participating in the pathogenesis of KOA, with the IFP/synovium complex engaging not only in amplifying local pathological responses, but also as a reservoir of potential therapeutic cell-based products. Consequently, the aim of this review is to outline the latest discoveries related with the IFP/synovium complex as both an active participant during KOA initiation and progression thus emerging as a potential target, and a source of therapeutic IFP-MSCs. Finally, we discuss how these notions may help the design of novel treatments for KOA through modulation of local cellular and molecular cascades that ultimately lead to joint destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan N Greif
- Department of Orthopedics, UHealth Sports Medicine Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Dimitrios Kouroupis
- Department of Orthopedics, UHealth Sports Medicine Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Christopher J Murdock
- Department of Orthopedics, UHealth Sports Medicine Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Anthony J Griswold
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Lee D Kaplan
- Department of Orthopedics, UHealth Sports Medicine Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Thomas M Best
- Department of Orthopedics, UHealth Sports Medicine Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Diego Correa
- Department of Orthopedics, UHealth Sports Medicine Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States.,Diabetes Research Institute and Cell Transplant Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
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19
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Females have greater susceptibility to develop ongoing pain and central sensitization in a rat model of temporomandibular joint pain. Pain 2020; 160:2036-2049. [PMID: 31430262 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) is a prevalent source of temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD). Women are more commonly diagnosed with TMD and are more likely to seek care at tertiary orofacial pain clinics. Limited knowledge regarding mechanisms underlying temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain impairs development of improved pain management strategies. In a rat model of unilateral TMJOA, monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) produces joint pathology in a concentration-dependent manner. Unilateral MIA produces alterations in meal patterns in males and females without altering overnight time spent eating or weight across 2 weeks. Monosodium iodoacetate (80 mg/mL)-treated males develop ongoing pain within 2 weeks after MIA injection. Females develop ongoing pain at a 5-fold lower MIA concentration (16.6 mg/m). Monosodium iodoacetate (80 mg/mL)-treated males show spread of tactile hypersensitivity across the face during the first week after injection and then to the fore paws and hind paws during the second week after injection, indicating development of central sensitization. At the lower dose, female rats demonstrate a similar spread of tactile hypersensitivity, whereas male rats do not develop ongoing pain or spread of tactile hypersensitivity outside the area of the ipsilateral temporomandibular joint. These observations indicate that females have a higher susceptibility to development of ongoing pain and central sensitization compared with male rats that is not due to differences in MIA-induced joint pathology. This model of TMJOA pain can be used to explore sex differences in pain processes implicated in development of neuropathic pain, ongoing pain, and central sensitization, allowing for development of individualized strategies for prevention and treatment of TMD joint pain.
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20
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Adebayo OO, Holyoak DT, van der Meulen MCH. Mechanobiological Mechanisms of Load-Induced Osteoarthritis in the Mouse Knee. J Biomech Eng 2020; 141:2736041. [PMID: 31209459 DOI: 10.1115/1.4043970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease that affects millions of people worldwide, yet its disease mechanism is not clearly understood. Animal models have been established to study disease progression by initiating OA through modified joint mechanics or altered biological activity within the joint. However, animal models often do not have the capability to directly relate the mechanical environment to joint damage. This review focuses on a novel in vivo approach based on controlled, cyclic tibial compression to induce OA in the mouse knee. First, we discuss the development of the load-induced OA model, its different loading configurations, and other techniques used by research laboratories around the world. Next, we review the lessons learned regarding the mechanobiological mechanisms of load-induced OA and relate these findings to the current understanding of the disease. Then, we discuss the role of specific genetic and cellular pathways involved in load-induced OA progression and the contribution of altered tissue properties to the joint response to mechanical loading. Finally, we propose using this approach to test the therapeutic efficacy of novel treatment strategies for OA. Ultimately, elucidating the mechanobiological mechanisms of load-induced OA will aid in developing targeted treatments for this disabling disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Derek T Holyoak
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
| | - Marjolein C H van der Meulen
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, 113 Weill Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853.,Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853.,Research Division, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021 e-mail:
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21
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Total Knee Arthroplasty with a Ti6Al4V/PEEK Prosthesis on an Osteoarthritis Rat Model: Behavioral and Neurophysiological Analysis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5277. [PMID: 32210280 PMCID: PMC7093407 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62146-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Arthroplasty is a surgical procedure to restore the function of the joint of patient suffering from knee osteoarthritis. However, postoperative functional deficits are reported even after a rehabilitation program. In order to determine the origin of functional deficits of patient suffering from knee osteoarthritis and total knee arthroplasty, we developed a rodent model including a chemically-induced-osteoarthritis and designed a knee prosthesis (Ti6Al4V/PEEK) biomechanically and anatomically adapted to rat knee joint. Dynamic Weight-Bearing, gait kinematics, H-reflex from vastus medialis muscle and activities from metabosensitive III and IV afferent fibers in femoral nerve were assessed at 1 and 3 months post-surgery. Results indicate that knee osteoarthritis altered considerably the responses of afferent fibers to their known activators (i.e., lactic acid and potassium chloride) and consequently their ability to modulate the spinal sensorimotor loop, although, paradoxically, motor deficits seemed relatively light. On the contrary, results indicate that, after the total knee arthroplasty, the afferent responses and the sensorimotor function were slightly altered but that motor deficits were more severe. We conclude that neural changes attested by the recovery of the metabosensitive afferent activity and the sensorimotor loop were induced when a total knee replacement was performed and that these changes may disrupt or delay the locomotor recovery.
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22
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Bei MJ, Tian FM, Xiao YP, Cao XH, Liu N, Zheng ZY, Dai MW, Wang WY, Song HP, Zhang L. Raloxifene retards cartilage degradation and improves subchondral bone micro-architecture in ovariectomized rats with patella baja-induced - patellofemoral joint osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2020; 28:344-355. [PMID: 31326553 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2019.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Abnormal remodeling of subchondral bone (SB) induced by estrogen deficiency has been shown to be involved in osteoarthritis (OA). Raloxifene (RAL) is commonly used to treat postmenopausal osteoporosis (OP). However, little is known about its effects on OA combined with estrogen deficiency. This study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of RAL on patella baja-induced patellofemoral joint OA (PFJOA) in an ovariectomized rat model. DESIGN Patellar ligament shortening (PLS) and ovariectomy (OVX) were performed simultaneously in 3-month-old female Sprague-Dawley rats, which were treated with RAL (10 mg/kg/day) or vehicle at 72 h postoperatively for 10 weeks. PFJOA was assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC), real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), micro-computed tomography (μCT), histomorphology and behavioral analyses. RESULTS X-ray examinations showed that patella baja was successfully established by PLS. Histomorphological analysis revealed that PFJOA was significantly exacerbated by OVX and markedly alleviated by RAL. Moreover, RAL improved cartilage metabolism by decreasing MMP-13, ADAMTS-4, and caspase-3 and increasing Col-II and aggrecan at both the protein and mRNA levels. Furthermore, RAL markedly improved bone mass and SB microarchitecture and reduced osteoclast numbers and the serum osteocalcin and CTX-I levels. Although RAL showed a trend toward reducing pain sensitivity based on mechanical allodynia testing, this result was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that RAL treatment retards PFJOA progression in an ovariectomized rat model, suggesting that it may be a potential candidate for amelioration of the progression of PFJOA accompanied by postmenopausal OP.
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Affiliation(s)
- M-J Bei
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China.
| | - F-M Tian
- Medical Research Center, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, PR China.
| | - Y-P Xiao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, PR China.
| | - X-H Cao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, PR China.
| | - N Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, PR China.
| | - Z-Y Zheng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, PR China.
| | - M-W Dai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China.
| | - W-Y Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, PR China.
| | - H-P Song
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, PR China.
| | - L Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China.
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23
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Understanding the Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Pathogenesis of Arthritis Pain Using Animal Models. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21020533. [PMID: 31947680 PMCID: PMC7013391 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Arthritis, including osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), is the leading cause of years lived with disability (YLD) worldwide. Although pain is the cardinal symptom of arthritis, which is directly related to function and quality of life, the elucidation of the mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of pain in arthritis has lagged behind other areas, such as inflammation control and regulation of autoimmunity. The lack of therapeutics for optimal pain management is partially responsible for the current epidemic of opioid and narcotic abuse. Recent advances in animal experimentation and molecular biology have led to significant progress in our understanding of arthritis pain. Despite the inherent problems in the extrapolation of data gained from animal pain studies to arthritis in human patients, the critical assessment of molecular mediators and translational studies would help to define the relevance of novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of arthritis pain. This review discusses biological and molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of arthritis pain determined in animal models of OA and RA, along with the methodologies used.
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24
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Takeda K, Takeshima E, Kojima S, Watanabe M, Matsuzaki T, Hoso M. Daily and short-term application of joint movement for the prevention of infrapatellar fat pad atrophy due to immobilization. J Phys Ther Sci 2019; 31:873-877. [PMID: 31871369 PMCID: PMC6879406 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.31.873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] To mobilize the knee joint during cast fixation and to determine whether infrapatellar fat pad changes can be prevented. [Materials and Methods] We randomly allocated Wistar rats into 3 groups as follows: normal group, raised in normal conditions (n=5); contracture group, immobilized with cast fixation (n=5); and prevention group, treated with joint movement during immobilization (n=5). We immobilized the right hindlimb using cast fixation. Joint movement in the prevention group was accomplished by repeatedly pulling the right hindlimb caudally and then returning the leg to the bent position for 10 minutes every day for 2 weeks. We used a metronome to maintain a constant speed, with one set lasting 2 seconds (1-second traction and 1-second return). [Results] The contracture group had adipose cells of various sizes and fibrosis in the infrapatellar fat pad. These changes were also found in milder forms in the prevention group. We found significant differences in the cross section of adipose cells and in knee extension restriction between the groups. [Conclusion] Promoting joint movement may not only have a therapeutic effect on adipose cells but also a preventative effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Takeda
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University: 5-11-80 Kodatsuno, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-0942, Japan.,Department of Rehabilitation, Kanazawa University Hospital, Japan
| | | | - Satoshi Kojima
- Graduate School of Rehabilitation, Kinjo University, Japan
| | | | - Taro Matsuzaki
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University: 5-11-80 Kodatsuno, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-0942, Japan
| | - Masahiro Hoso
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University: 5-11-80 Kodatsuno, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-0942, Japan
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25
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Jiang LF, Fang JH, Wu LD. Role of infrapatellar fat pad in pathological process of knee osteoarthritis: Future applications in treatment. World J Clin Cases 2019; 7:2134-2142. [PMID: 31531309 PMCID: PMC6718789 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v7.i16.2134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been found that obese people have a higher proportion in suffering from osteoarthritis (OA), not only in the weight-bearing joints like knee and hip joints, even in non-weight-bearing joints such as hand joints. One of the reasons is because the large amount of adipose tissue secretes some factors, which can promote the occurrence of arthritis. As an important structure of the knee joint, the infrapatellar fat pad (IPFP) is actually a piece of adipose tissue. The aim of this review is to offer a comprehensive view of the anatomy and physiological characteristics of IPFP and its relationship with the pathological process of OA, indicating the important function of IPFP in OA. At the same time, with the development of adipose derived stem cells in the treatment of OA, owing to its special advantages, the IPFP is becoming a kind of important, minimally invasive fat stem cell source, providing a new approach for the treatment of OA. We hope that this review will offer an overview of all published data regarding the IPFP and will indicate novel directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Feng Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jing-Hua Fang
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Li-Dong Wu
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
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26
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Sensitization of transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 and increasing its endogenous ligand 5,6-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid in rats with monoiodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis. Pain 2019; 159:939-947. [PMID: 29438227 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) receptor modulates pain, and this has been noted in several animal models. However, the involvement of TRPV4 in osteoarthritic (OA) pain remains poorly understood. This study assessed the functional changes in TRPV4 and the expression of its endogenous ligand 5,6-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (5,6-EET) in a rat monoiodoacetate (MIA)-induced OA pain model (MIA rats). Monoiodoacetate-treated rats showed reduced grip strength as compared to sham-treated rats, and this loss in function could be recovered by the intraarticular administration of a TRPV4 antagonist (HC067047 or GSK2193874). By contrast, the intraarticular administration of the TRPV4 agonist, GSK1016790A, increased the pain-related behaviors in MIA rats but not in sham rats. TRPV4 expression was not increased in knee joints of MIA rats; however, the levels of phosphorylated TRPV4 at Ser824 were increased in dorsal root ganglion neurons. In addition, 5,6-EET was increased in lavage fluids from the knee joints of MIA rats and in meniscectomy-induced OA pain model rats. 5,6-EET and its metabolite were also detected in synovial fluids from patients with OA. In conclusion, TRPV4 was sensitized in the knee joints of MIA rats through phosphorylation in dorsal root ganglion neurons, along with an increase in the levels of its endogenous ligand 5,6-EET. The analgesic effects of the TRPV4 antagonist in the OA pain model rats suggest that TRPV4 may be a potent target for OA pain relief.
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27
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Lockwood SM, Lopes DM, McMahon SB, Dickenson AH. Characterisation of peripheral and central components of the rat monoiodoacetate model of Osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2019; 27:712-722. [PMID: 30611904 PMCID: PMC6444078 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2018.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pain is the main reason patients report Osteoarthritis (OA), yet current analgesics remain relatively ineffective. This study investigated both peripheral and central mechanisms that lead to the development of OA associated chronic pain. DESIGN The monoiodoacetate (MIA) model of OA was investigated at early (2-6 days post injection) and late (>14 days post injection) time points. Pain-like behaviour and knee histology were assessed to understand the extent of pain due to cartilage degradation. Electrophysiological single-unit recordings were taken from spinal wide dynamic range (WDR) neurons to investigate Diffuse Noxious Inhibitory Controls (DNIC) as a marker of potential changes in descending controls. Immunohistochemistry was performed on dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons to assess any MIA induced neuronal damage. Furthermore, qPCR was used to measure levels of glia cells and cytokines in the dorsal horn. RESULTS Both MIA groups develop pain-like behaviour but only late phase (LP) animals display extensive cartilage degradation. Early phase animals have a normally functioning DNIC system but there is a loss of DNIC in LP animals. We found no evidence for neuronal damage caused by MIA in either group, yet an increase in IL-1β mRNA in the dorsal horn of LP animals. CONCLUSION The loss of DNIC in LP MIA animals suggests an imbalance in inhibitory and facilitatory descending controls, and a rise in the mRNA expression of IL-1β mRNA suggest the development of central sensitisation. Therefore, the pain associated with OA in LP animals may not be attributed to purely peripheral mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Lockwood
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - D M Lopes
- Wolfson CARD, Hodgkin Building, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - S B McMahon
- Wolfson CARD, Hodgkin Building, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - A H Dickenson
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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28
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Wang B, Lang Y, Zhang L. Histopathological changes in the infrapatellar fat pad in an experimental rabbit model of early patellofemoral osteoarthritis. Knee 2019; 26:2-13. [PMID: 30415972 DOI: 10.1016/j.knee.2018.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to characterise the histopathological changes in the infrapatellar fat pad (IPFP) in the early stage of patellofemoral osteoarthritis (PFOA). METHODS Sixty-four New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into experimental (n = 24), sham (n = 16), and control groups (n = 24). In the experimental group, denoted as the patellar ligament uneven shortening group (US group), the patellar ligament (PL) was folded eight millimetres and sutured. After eight weeks, all animals were euthanised, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluation, wet IPFP weight measurement, and histopathological and immunohistochemistry analysis were performed to analyse the histopathological changes in the IPFPs. RESULTS The maximum cross-sectional area (CSA) of the IPFPs in the sagittal position of MRI in the control group, sham group, and US group were 45.50 ± 7.19 mm2, 45.88 ± 6.60 mm2 (vs. control group, P = 0.907), and 53.83 ± 8.24 mm2 (vs. control group, P = 0.015; vs. sham group, P = 0.035), respectively. The MRI intensity of the IPFPs in the control group, sham group, and US group were 115.53 ± 28.85, 108.53 ± 26.73 (vs. control group, P = 0.589), and 154.52 ± 18.48 (vs. control group, P = 0.002; vs. sham group, P = 0.002), respectively. The wet weight of the IPFPs in the control group, sham group, and US group were 0.32 ± 0.05 g, 0.32 ± 0.04 g (vs. control group, P = 0.895), and 0.38 ± 0.06 g (vs. control group, P = 0.017; vs. sham group, P = 0.033), respectively. The Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) scores of the IPFPs in the US group were 6.00 ± 1.91, which was higher than the scores of 2.50 ± 2.02 (P < 0.001) in the control group and of 2.75 ± 1.67 (P = 0.001) in the sham group. CONCLUSIONS The histopathological changes of the IPFPs as determined via MRI and microscopic structure appeared to occur much earlier than cartilage damage in PFOA. Furthermore, detecting and treating the IPFP changes may offer aid in the diagnosis and treatment of PFOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binggang Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yanfei Lang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Liu Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China.
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29
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Kitagawa T, Nakase J, Takata Y, Shimozaki K, Asai K, Tsuchiya H. Use of ultrasonography to evaluate the dynamics of the infrapatellar fat pad after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a feasibility study. J Med Ultrason (2001) 2018; 46:147-151. [PMID: 30456484 DOI: 10.1007/s10396-018-0917-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE There has been no specific study on the quantitative morphological changes that occur in the infrapatellar fat pad (IPFP) after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. We used ultrasonography to evaluate the dynamics of the IPFP in knees after ACL reconstruction using the contralateral knees as controls. METHODS We enrolled 31 patients 3 months after they underwent ACL reconstruction. The thickness of the superficial part of the IPFP was measured using longitudinally oriented ultrasound images of the anterior part of both knees at 90° and 10° flexion. We then used these data to calculate the ratio of the change in thickness. RESULTS At 90° knee flexion, the superficial part of the IPFP was significantly thinner in the reconstructed knees (9.3 ± 3.4 mm) than in the contralateral knees (11.8 ± 4.6 mm). The thickness change ratio was significantly smaller in the reconstructed knees (188.6 ± 64.7%) than in the contralateral knees (249.7 ± 73.8%). CONCLUSION When assessed 3 months after ACL reconstruction, the thickness of the superficial part of the IPFP at 90° knee flexion and the thickness change ratio of the IPFP were both significantly lower in the reconstructed knees than in the contralateral knees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kitagawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan.,Department of Rehabilitation, Japanese Red Cross Kanazawa Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Junsuke Nakase
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan.
| | - Yasushi Takata
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Kengo Shimozaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Kazuki Asai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tsuchiya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan
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30
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Chang J, Liao Z, Lu M, Meng T, Han W, Ding C. Systemic and local adipose tissue in knee osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2018; 26:864-871. [PMID: 29578044 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2018.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease. Body adipose tissue has been shown to be related to the development and progression of knee OA. Among systemic adipose tissues, subcutaneous adipose tissue is significantly and negatively associated with muscle mass and forces, and could be related to the presence and progression of knee OA. Visceral adipose tissue is associated with increased cartilage loss and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Intra-muscular adipose tissue is associated with knee osteoarthritic changes, but it remains controversial if inter-muscular adipose tissue has a role to play in the pathogenesis for knee OA. Knee local adipose tissue such as infrapatellar fat pad (IPFP) can interact with neighbouring tissues, and may have a biphasic effect in knee OA. The underlying mechanisms for the roles of the systemic and local fat in knee OA could be related to biomechanical, metabolic, inflammatory factors and fat fibrosis, which may have a separated or combined effect on OA. Tissue engineering from systemic or local adipose tissue is a new research direction, and adipose tissue-derived stem cells from systemic or local adipose tissue may be beneficial for OA cartilage repair. Research on systemic and local adipose tissue would provide novel approaches for prevention and treatment of knee OA, but further studies are required to explore the roles of different adipose tissues in knee OA and the effects of stem cells derived from different adipose tissues on knee OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Chang
- Department of Orthopaedics, 4th Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Z Liao
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia; Rheumatology and Immunology Division, 3rd Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - M Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics, 1st Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - T Meng
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - W Han
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia; Clinical Research Centre, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - C Ding
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia; Clinical Research Centre, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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31
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Fontanella CG, Macchi V, Carniel EL, Frigo A, Porzionato A, Picardi EEE, Favero M, Ruggieri P, de Caro R, Natali AN. Biomechanical behavior of Hoffa’s fat pad in healthy and osteoarthritic conditions: histological and mechanical investigations. AUSTRALASIAN PHYSICAL & ENGINEERING SCIENCES IN MEDICINE 2018; 41:657-667. [DOI: 10.1007/s13246-018-0661-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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32
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Inflammatory pattern of the infrapatellar fat pad in dogs with canine cruciate ligament disease. BMC Vet Res 2018; 14:161. [PMID: 29769086 PMCID: PMC5956839 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-018-1488-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the importance of inflammation during the pathogenesis of cranial cruciate ligament disease (CCLD) in dogs and despite the latest knowledge suggesting a significant role of adipose tissue in osteoarthritis, the infrapatellar fat pad (IFP) was up to now mostly disregarded in veterinary investigations. In the present study, the inflammatory activity of the IFP, the main adipose structure within the stifle joint, was thoroughly investigated to evaluate its potential impact in the pathogenesis of this common disease of our canine companions. Samples of IFP, subcutaneous adipose tissue (ScAT) of the thigh and synovial fluid in both diseased (n = 36) and healthy control (n = 23) dogs were tested for their immune cell composition but also for interleukins (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10), degradative enzymes (MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-13, TIMP-2, iNOS) and adipokines (leptin and adiponectin). Characterization of the immune cell composition was ascertained by fluorescence activated cell sorting. Gene expression and protein release of the inflammatory markers was determined by real RT-qPCR and ELISA. RESULTS IFPs of dogs with CCLD had a significantly increased immune cell count with T cells (CD3) as the most abundant immune cells. T cells and macrophages (CD14) were significantly increased compared to healthy controls or corresponding ScAT. In addition, IFPs of dogs with CCLD demonstrated a significant increase on gene as well as protein level of multiple inflammatory indicators (IL-1β, IL-6, MMP-1, MMP-13) compared to the other tissues. TNFα was only increased on gene expression. Adipokine analysis showed higher secretion of adiponectin and lower leptin secretion in IFP from dogs with CCLD than from controls. In the synovial fluid from dogs with CCLD concentrations of IL-1β, MMP-1, MMP-13 as well as leptin were significantly increased compared to the synovial fluid from healthy control dogs. CONCLUSIONS The present study indicates that the IFP is a potential contributory factor in the pathogenesis of CCLD, due to its inflammatory phenotype and the proximity within the stifle joint. To determine the extent of this possible inter-relationship, further studies need to be undertaken.
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Macchi V, Stocco E, Stecco C, Belluzzi E, Favero M, Porzionato A, De Caro R. The infrapatellar fat pad and the synovial membrane: an anatomo-functional unit. J Anat 2018; 233:146-154. [PMID: 29761471 PMCID: PMC6036933 DOI: 10.1111/joa.12820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The infrapatellar pad, a fibro-adipose tissue with peculiar microscopic and mechanical features, is gaining wide attention in the field of rheumatological research. The purpose of this descriptive review is to summarize the most recent published evidence on the anatomic, physiologic and biomechanical inter-relationship between the infrapatellar fat pad and the knee synovial membrane. As an extrasynovial tissue, the infrapatellar fat pad does not directly interact with the articular cartilage; based on its location in close contact with the synovial membrane, and due to the metabolic properties of adipose tissue, it may influence the behavior of the synovial membrane. In fact, considering evidence of macroscopic and microscopic anatomy, the infrapatellar fat pad is the site of insertion of the infrapatellar and medial synovial plicae. Also biochemically, there is much evidence highlighting the interaction among these two structures; in the case of inflammation, the mutual interplay is ascribable to the release of pro-inflammatory mediators stimulating the proliferation of inflammatory cells and promoting tissue modifications in both. All these assumptions could support the emerging idea that the infrapatellar fat pad and the synovial membrane may be considered a morpho-functional unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Macchi
- Department of Neurosciences, Institute of Human Anatomy, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Elena Stocco
- Department of Neurosciences, Institute of Human Anatomy, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Carla Stecco
- Department of Neurosciences, Institute of Human Anatomy, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Elisa Belluzzi
- Musculoskeletal Pathology and Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Orthopaedics Oncology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Marta Favero
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Porzionato
- Department of Neurosciences, Institute of Human Anatomy, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Raffaele De Caro
- Department of Neurosciences, Institute of Human Anatomy, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Munir H, Ward LSC, McGettrick HM. Mesenchymal Stem Cells as Endogenous Regulators of Inflammation. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1060:73-98. [PMID: 30155623 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-78127-3_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This chapter discusses the regulatory role of endogenous mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) during an inflammatory response. MSC are a heterogeneous population of multipotent cells that normally contribute towards tissue maintenance and repair but have garnered significant scientific interest for their potent immunomodulatory potential. It is through these physicochemical interactions that MSC are able to exert an anti-inflammatory response on neighbouring stromal and haematopoietic cells. However, the impact of the chronic inflammatory environment on MSC function remains to be determined. Understanding the relationship of MSC between resolution of inflammation and autoimmunity will both offer new insights in the use of MSC as a therapeutic, and also their involvement in the pathogenesis of inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafsa Munir
- MRC Cancer Unit/Hutchison, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Helen M McGettrick
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
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Favero M, El-Hadi H, Belluzzi E, Granzotto M, Porzionato A, Sarasin G, Rambaldo A, Iacobellis C, Cigolotti A, Fontanella CG, Natali A, Ramonda R, Ruggieri P, De Caro R, Vettor R, Rossato M, Macchi V. Infrapatellar fat pad features in osteoarthritis: a histopathological and molecular study. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2017; 56:1784-1793. [PMID: 28957567 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kex287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The infrapatellar fat pad (IFP) is considered a local producer of adipocytokines, suggesting a potential role in OA. The objective of this study was to evaluate the histopathological and molecular characteristics of OA IFPs compared with controls. METHODS The histopathological characteristics of IFPs were evaluated in patients undergoing total knee replacements and in control patients (without OA), considering the following parameters: presence of inflammatory cells, vascularization, adipose lobules dimension and thickness of the interlobular septa. Immunohistochemistry was performed to evaluate VEGF, monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) and IL-6 proteins. Quantitative real time PCR was performed to evaluate the expression levels of adipocytokines in the OA IFPs. RESULTS OA IFPs showed an increase in inflammatory infiltration, vascularization and thickness of the interlobular septa compared with controls. VEGF, MCP-1 and IL-6 proteins were higher in OA IFPs compared with in controls. Inflammatory infiltration, hyperplasia, vascularization and fibrosis were increased in OA IFP synovial membranes compared with in those of controls. VEGF protein levels were associated with an increased number of vessels in the OA IFPs, while MCP-1 and IL-6 protein levels were associated with higher grades of inflammatory infiltration. Leptin levels were positively correlated with adiponectin and MCP-1expression, while adiponectin positively correlated with peroxisome proliferative activated receptor gamma, MCP-1 and IFP vascularity. MCP-1 showed a positive correlation with peroxisome proliferative activated receptor gamma. IFP lobules dimensions were positively correlated with IL-6 expression and negatively with thickness of interlobular septa. VEGF mRNA levels were positively correlated with increased synovial vascularity. CONCLUSIONS OA IFPs and synovial membranes are more inflamed, vascularized and fibrous compared with those of control patients (without OA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Favero
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine - DIMED, University Hospital of Padova, Padova
- Laboratory of Immunorheumatology and Tissue Regeneration/RAMSES, Rizzoli Orthopedic Research Institute, Bologna
| | - Hamza El-Hadi
- Department of Medicine - DIMED, School of Medicine, Clinica Medica 3
| | - Elisa Belluzzi
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine - DIMED, University Hospital of Padova, Padova
| | - Marnie Granzotto
- Department of Medicine - DIMED, School of Medicine, Clinica Medica 3
| | - Andrea Porzionato
- Institute of Human Anatomy, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova
| | - Gloria Sarasin
- Institute of Human Anatomy, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova
| | - Anna Rambaldo
- Institute of Human Anatomy, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova
| | - Claudio Iacobellis
- Orthopaedic Clinic, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University-Hospital of Padova
| | - Augusto Cigolotti
- Orthopaedic Clinic, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University-Hospital of Padova
| | | | - Arturo Natali
- Centre for Mechanics of Biological Materials, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Roberta Ramonda
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine - DIMED, University Hospital of Padova, Padova
| | - Pietro Ruggieri
- Orthopaedic Clinic, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University-Hospital of Padova
| | - Raffaele De Caro
- Institute of Human Anatomy, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova
| | - Roberto Vettor
- Department of Medicine - DIMED, School of Medicine, Clinica Medica 3
| | - Marco Rossato
- Department of Medicine - DIMED, School of Medicine, Clinica Medica 3
| | - Veronica Macchi
- Institute of Human Anatomy, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova
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Muley MM, Krustev E, Reid AR, McDougall JJ. Prophylactic inhibition of neutrophil elastase prevents the development of chronic neuropathic pain in osteoarthritic mice. J Neuroinflammation 2017; 14:168. [PMID: 28835277 PMCID: PMC5569523 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-017-0944-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A subset of osteoarthritis (OA) patients experience joint pain with neuropathic characteristics. Mediators such as neutrophil elastase, a serine proteinase, may be released during acute OA inflammatory flares. We have previously shown that local administration of neutrophil elastase causes joint inflammation and pain via activation of proteinase-activated receptor-2 (PAR2). The aim of this study was to examine the contribution of endogenous neutrophil elastase and PAR2 to the development of joint inflammation, pain, and neuropathy associated with monoiodoacetate (MIA)-induced experimental OA. Methods MIA (0.3 mg/10 μl) was injected into the right knee joint of male C57BL/6 mice (20–34 g). Joint inflammation (edema, leukocyte kinetics), neutrophil elastase proteolytic activity, tactile allodynia, and saphenous nerve demyelination were assessed over 14 days post-injection. The effects of inhibiting neutrophil elastase during the early inflammatory phase of MIA (days 0 to 3) were determined using sivelestat (50 mg/kg i.p.) and serpinA1 (10 μg i.p.). Involvement of PAR2 in the development of MIA-induced joint inflammation and pain was studied using the PAR2 antagonist GB83 (5 μg i.p. days 0 to 1) and PAR2 knockout animals. Results MIA caused an increase in neutrophil elastase proteolytic activity on day 1 (P < 0.0001), but not on day 14. MIA also generated a transient inflammatory response which peaked on day 1 (P < 0.01) then subsided over the 2-week time course. Joint pain appeared on day 1 and persisted to day 14 (P < 0.0001). By day 14, the saphenous nerve showed signs of demyelination. Early treatment with sivelestat and serpinA1 blocked the proteolytic activity of neutrophil elastase on day 1 (P < 0.001), and caused lasting improvements in joint inflammation, pain, and saphenous nerve damage (P < 0.05). MIA-induced synovitis was reversed by early treatment with GB83 and attenuated in PAR2 knockout mice (P < 0.05). PAR2 knockout mice also showed reduced MIA-induced joint pain (P < 0.0001) and less nerve demyelination (P = 0.81 compared to saline control). Conclusions Neutrophil elastase and PAR2 contribute significantly to the development of joint inflammation, pain, and peripheral neuropathy associated with experimental OA, suggesting their potential as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milind M Muley
- Departments of Pharmacology and Anaesthesia, Pain Management & Perioperative Medicine, Dalhousie University, 5850 College Street, PO Box 15000, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Eugene Krustev
- Departments of Pharmacology and Anaesthesia, Pain Management & Perioperative Medicine, Dalhousie University, 5850 College Street, PO Box 15000, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Allison R Reid
- Departments of Pharmacology and Anaesthesia, Pain Management & Perioperative Medicine, Dalhousie University, 5850 College Street, PO Box 15000, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Jason J McDougall
- Departments of Pharmacology and Anaesthesia, Pain Management & Perioperative Medicine, Dalhousie University, 5850 College Street, PO Box 15000, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4R2, Canada.
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Tran PB, Miller RE, Ishihara S, Miller RJ, Malfait AM. Spinal microglial activation in a murine surgical model of knee osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2017; 25:718-726. [PMID: 27646532 PMCID: PMC5354992 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2016.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Revised: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Microgliosis, the activation of microglial cells, is thought to contribute to synaptic transmission in the dorsal horn and thereby promote chronic pain. The primary aim of this study was to document the temporal profile of dorsal horn microgliosis after destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) in wild type (WT) and Adamts5 null mice. Since neuronal fractalkine (CX3CL1) contributes to microgliosis, we assessed its release from dorsal root ganglia (DRG) cultures after DMM. DESIGN DMM or sham surgery was performed in the right knee of 10-week old male WT, CX3CR1-green fluorescent protein (GFP), or Adamts5 null C57BL/6 mice. Hind paw mechanical allodynia was monitored using von Frey fibers. L4 dorsal horn microgliosis was assessed 4, 8 and 16 weeks after surgery, based on the morphology of Iba1-immunoreactive microglia. DRG cells (L3-L5) were cultured and supernatants collected for fractalkine (FKN) ELISA. RESULTS In WT mice, numbers of activated microglia were increased 8 and 16 weeks, but not 4 weeks, after DMM but not sham surgery. DRG cultures showed increased basal FKN release at 8 and 16 weeks. Adamts5 null mice did not develop mechanical allodynia up to 16 weeks after DMM. Accordingly, DRG cultures from these mice did not exhibit increased FKN release and dorsal horn microgliosis did not occur. CONCLUSION DMM surgery leads to late stage dorsal horn microgliosis. The temporal correlation with DRG FKN release suggests it may contribute to microgliosis. Reduced microgliosis in Adamts5 null mice, which are protected from joint damage and associated mechanical allodynia after DMM, suggests that microgliosis is associated with joint damage and accompanying persistent pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong B. Tran
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Rush University Medical Center, 1611 W. Harrison St, Suite 510, Chicago, IL
| | - Rachel E. Miller
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Rush University Medical Center, 1611 W. Harrison St, Suite 510, Chicago, IL,Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, 1611 W. Harrison St, Suite 510, Chicago, IL
| | - Shingo Ishihara
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Rush University Medical Center, 1611 W. Harrison St, Suite 510, Chicago, IL
| | | | - Anne-Marie Malfait
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Rush University Medical Center, 1611 W. Harrison St, Suite 510, Chicago, IL,Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, 1611 W. Harrison St, Suite 510, Chicago, IL,Address correspondence to: Anne-Marie Malfait, MD, PhD, Rush University Medical Center, 1611 W Harrison Street, suite 510, 60612 Chicago IL
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Eymard F, Pigenet A, Citadelle D, Tordjman J, Foucher L, Rose C, Flouzat Lachaniette CH, Rouault C, Clément K, Berenbaum F, Chevalier X, Houard X. Knee and hip intra-articular adipose tissues (IAATs) compared with autologous subcutaneous adipose tissue: a specific phenotype for a central player in osteoarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2017; 76:1142-1148. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-210478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
ObjectivesCompared with subcutaneous adipose tissue (SCAT), infrapatellar fat pad (IFP), the main knee intra-articular adipose tissue (IAAT), has an inflammatory phenotype in patients with osteoarthritis (OA). We phenotyped suprapatellar fat pad (SPFP) and hip acetabular fat pad (AFP), two other IAATs, to determinate the unique signature of IAATs compared with SCAT.MethodsIFP, SPFP, AFP and autologous SCAT were obtained from patients with OA during total knee (n=38) or hip replacement (n=5). Fibrosis and adipocyte area were analysed by histology and vascularisation, leucocyte and mast cell infiltration were analysed by immunohistochemistry for von Willebrand factor, leucocytes and tryptase, respectively. Secretion of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) was assessed by ELISA. The mRNA expression of adipocyte-associated genes (ATGL, LPL, PPAR-γ, FABP4 and CD36) and developmental genes (SFRP2, HoxC9 and EN1) was determined. The inflammatory response of isolated fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) to autologous IFP and SPFP conditioned media was examined.ResultsFibrosis, vascularisation and leucocyte and mast cell infiltration were greater in IAATs than SCAT, and levels of IL-6, IL-8 and PGE2 were greater in all IAATs than SCAT. IFP and SPFP induced a similar inflammatory response to FLS. Adipocyte area was smaller in IAATs than SCAT. Adipocyte-associated and developmental genes showed a similar gene expression pattern in all IAATs, different from SCAT.ConclusionsIFP but also SPFP and AFP (gathered under the term ‘IAAT’) may play a deleterious role in OA by affecting joint homeostasis because of their inflammatory phenotype and their close interaction with synovium in the same functional unit.
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Belluzzi E, El Hadi H, Granzotto M, Rossato M, Ramonda R, Macchi V, De Caro R, Vettor R, Favero M. Systemic and Local Adipose Tissue in Knee Osteoarthritis. J Cell Physiol 2017; 232:1971-1978. [PMID: 27925193 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a common chronic joint disorder affecting older people. The knee is the major joint affected. The symptoms of osteoarthritis include limited range of motion, joint swelling, and pain causing disability. There are no disease modifying drugs available, and treatments are mainly focused on pain management. Total knee replacement performed at the end stage of the disease is considered the only cure available. It has been found that obese people have an increased risk to develop not only knee but also hand osteoarthritis. This supports the concept that adipose tissue might be related to osteoarthritis not only through overloading. As matter of fact, obesity induces a low grade systemic inflammatory state characterized by the production and secretion of several adipocytokines that may have a role in osteoarthritis development. Furthermore, hypertension, impaired glucose, and lipid metabolism, which are comorbidities associated with obesity, have been shown to alter the joint tissue homeostasis. Moreover, infrapatellar fat pad in the knee has been demonstrated to be a local source of adipocytokines and potentially contribute to osteoarthritis pathogenesis. Here, we discuss the role of systemic and local adipose tissue in knee osteoarthritis. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 1971-1978, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Belluzzi
- Rheumatology Unit; Department of Medicine (DIMED); University Hospital of Padova; Padova Italy
| | - Hamza El Hadi
- Clinica Medica 3; Department of Medicine (DIMED); University Hospital of Padova; Padova Italy
| | - Marnie Granzotto
- Clinica Medica 3; Department of Medicine (DIMED); University Hospital of Padova; Padova Italy
| | - Marco Rossato
- Clinica Medica 3; Department of Medicine (DIMED); University Hospital of Padova; Padova Italy
| | - Roberta Ramonda
- Rheumatology Unit; Department of Medicine (DIMED); University Hospital of Padova; Padova Italy
| | - Veronica Macchi
- Institute of Human Anatomy; Department of Neuroscience; University of Padova; Padova Italy
| | - Raffaele De Caro
- Institute of Human Anatomy; Department of Neuroscience; University of Padova; Padova Italy
| | - Roberto Vettor
- Clinica Medica 3; Department of Medicine (DIMED); University Hospital of Padova; Padova Italy
| | - Marta Favero
- Rheumatology Unit; Department of Medicine (DIMED); University Hospital of Padova; Padova Italy
- Laboratory of Immunorheumatology and Tissue Regeneration; Rizzoli Orthopedic Research Institute; Bologna Italy
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Kalinichev M, Donovan-Rodriguez T, Girard F, Haddouk H, Royer-Urios I, Schneider M, Bate ST, Marker C, Pomonis JD, Poli S. ADX71943 and ADX71441, novel positive allosteric modulators of the GABA B receptor with distinct central/peripheral profiles, show efficacy in the monosodium iodoacetate model of chronic osteoarthritis pain in the rat. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 795:43-49. [PMID: 27916555 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.11.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We tested novel positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) of the γ-aminobutyric acid receptor B (GABAB), ADX71943 and ADX71441in the monosodium iodoacetate model of chronic osteoarthritis pain in rats with the objective to delineate the role of peripheral versus central GABAB receptor populations in modulation of chronic pain. Anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats received an injection of monosodium iodoacetate into the knee and were tested for hyperalgesia starting post-MIA day 14. Effects of compounds on ipsilateral joint compression threshold were evaluated on post-MIA day 14 (after acute treatment), as well as after repeated, daily treatment on days 21 and 28 (ADX71943 only) and were compared to those of celecoxib (30mg/kg, p.o.). The PAMs were also tested in the rat rotarod test for potential muscle-relaxant effects. Acutely, ADX71943 (1-30mg/kg, p.o.), the peripherally restricted PAM, resulted in similar increases in pain threshold across the doses on day 14, while showing reduced efficacy on day 21 and no efficacy on day 28. A clear reduction in the efficacy of celecoxib across testing was also noted in this experiment. Acutely ADX71441 (0.3-15mg/kg, p.o.), the central-peripheral PAM, resulted in over 2-fold increases in pain threshold at 15mg/kg (but not at lower doses) on day 14, while causing more modest effects on day 21. Celecoxib increased pain threshold after both acute and daily treatment, showing overall similar efficacy. Thus, early, presumably more inflammatory phase of osteoarthritis pain in more sensitive to GABAB PAMs with peripherally restricted profile, while later, presumably more neuropathic phase is more sensitive to PAMs with central-peripheral profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail Kalinichev
- Addex Therapeutics SA, Chemin des Mines 9, CH-1202, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | | | - Françoise Girard
- Addex Therapeutics SA, Chemin des Mines 9, CH-1202, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Hasnaá Haddouk
- Addex Therapeutics SA, Chemin des Mines 9, CH-1202, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Manfred Schneider
- Addex Therapeutics SA, Chemin des Mines 9, CH-1202, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Simon T Bate
- Huntingdon Life Sciences Ltd., Huntingdon Research Centre, Woolley Road Alconbury, Huntingdon PE28 4HS, UK
| | - Cheryl Marker
- Algos Preclinical Serves Inc., 2848 Patton Road, Roseville, MN 55113, USA
| | - James D Pomonis
- Algos Preclinical Serves Inc., 2848 Patton Road, Roseville, MN 55113, USA
| | - Sonia Poli
- Addex Therapeutics SA, Chemin des Mines 9, CH-1202, Geneva, Switzerland
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Han W, Aitken D, Zhu Z, Halliday A, Wang X, Antony B, Cicuttini F, Jones G, Ding C. Hypointense signals in the infrapatellar fat pad assessed by magnetic resonance imaging are associated with knee symptoms and structure in older adults: a cohort study. Arthritis Res Ther 2016; 18:234. [PMID: 27729069 PMCID: PMC5059934 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-016-1130-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There are few clinical and epidemiological studies reporting the association between abnormal changes within the IPFP and knee osteoarthritic changes. This study aims to describe the associations between hypointense signals in the infrapatellar fat pad (IPFP) and knee structural change and symptoms in older adults. Methods Participants (n = 874) were selected randomly from local community and followed up 2.7 years later (range 2.6–3.3 years). T1- or T2-weighted fat-suppressed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was assessed for IPFP hypointense signal, cartilage volume, cartilage defects, and bone marrow lesions (BMLs). Knee pain was assessed by self-administered Western Ontario and McMaster Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) questionnaire. Radiographic osteoarthritis was assessed using the OARSI atlas. Results Cross-sectionally, hypointense signals in the IPFP were significantly associated with a higher risk of knee cartilage defects at all sites, tibiofemoral BMLs and knee pain in multivariable analyses. Longitudinally, baseline signal abnormalities were significantly and positively associated with increases in knee cartilage defects (OR: 2.27, 95 % CI: 1.61–3.21), BMLs (OR: 1.91, 95 % CI: 1.39–2.62), and knee pain (OR: 1.36, 95 % CI: 1.05–1.76) in multivariable analyses. The associations with cartilage defects remained significant after adjustment for BMLs, but the associations with BMLs and knee pain decreased in magnitude or became non-significant after further adjustment for cartilage defects. Conclusions Hypointense signals in the IPFP were associated primarily with increased knee cartilage defects and also with BMLs and knee symptoms in cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses, suggesting the abnormality represented by this signal has a potentially important role in osteoarthritis progression. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13075-016-1130-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyu Han
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 23, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia.,Department of Orthopedics, 3rd Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dawn Aitken
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 23, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia
| | - Zhaohua Zhu
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 23, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia.,Arthritis Research Institute, 1st Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Andrew Halliday
- Department of Radiology, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Xia Wang
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 23, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia
| | - Benny Antony
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 23, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia
| | - Flavia Cicuttini
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Graeme Jones
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 23, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia
| | - Changhai Ding
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 23, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia. .,Arthritis Research Institute, 1st Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China. .,Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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Uchimura T, Foote AT, Markel DC, Ren W, Zeng L. The Chondroprotective Role of Erythromycin in a Murine Joint Destruction Model. Cartilage 2016; 7:373-87. [PMID: 27688845 PMCID: PMC5029567 DOI: 10.1177/1947603516630787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Inflammation is a major player in the joint destruction process. Macrolide antibiotics have recently been found to have a novel anti-inflammatory function, but their effects on the joint are unknown. Our objective was to investigate the effect of macrolide antibiotic erythromycin on cartilage gene expression under inflammatory conditions as well as on joint pathology in an in vivo inflammatory joint destruction model. DESIGN In our in vivo studies, mouse knee joints were injected with monosodium iodoacetate (MIA), a chemical that inhibits glycolysis and causes joint inflammation and matrix loss. Erythromycin was administered by daily intraperitoneal injection. Changes in joint cartilage and synovium were evaluated by histological analysis. In our in vitro studies, primary bovine articular chondrocytes were treated with erythromycin in the presence of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β or lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and cartilage gene expression analysis was performed. RESULTS Regional differences in cartilage matrix destruction along the medial-lateral axis were observed in joints of MIA-injected mice. Erythromycin treatment inhibited cartilage matrix loss and synovitis in these joints. In addition, erythromycin inhibited IL-1β and LPS-induced expression of MMPs and iNOS, as well as the positive regulatory loop between IL-1β and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in articular chondrocytes. Furthermore, erythromycin prevented LPS-induced NF-κB activation, a key mediator of TLR4-mediated cartilage destruction process. CONCLUSIONS Erythromycin has the ability to inhibit catabolic gene expression mediated by IL-1β and TLR4 in chondrocytes in vitro and maintains cartilage matrix levels in experimental inflammatory joint destruction in vivo, suggesting that it possesses a chondroprotective activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Uchimura
- Program in Cellular, Molecular, and Developmental Biology, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrea T. Foote
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David C. Markel
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Providence Hospital, Southfield, MI, USA
| | - Weiping Ren
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Li Zeng
- Program in Cellular, Molecular, and Developmental Biology, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Orthopedics, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA,Li Zeng, Tufts University, 136 Harrison Avenue, J323, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
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Abstract
When considering knee pain in runners, clinicians differentiate sources of symptoms and determine their cause. Knee problems arise when a runner increases the amount/frequency of the loading through the lower limb. The way the loading is distributed through the knee determines which tissues are abnormally loaded. Knee problems cannot be considered in isolation, requiring a thorough investigation of static and dynamic lower limb mechanics, and footwear and surfaces. This article examines potential sources of knee pain and explores the role of the infrapatellar fat pad and synovial plica in the mechanics of the knee and its involvement in knee symptoms.
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Taşoğlu Ö, Bölük H, Şahin Onat Ş, Taşoğlu İ, Özgirgin N. Is blood neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio an independent predictor of knee osteoarthritis severity? Clin Rheumatol 2016; 35:1579-83. [PMID: 26780447 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-016-3170-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common forms of joint disease, affecting an increasing number of people worldwide. Latest data suggests that inflammation plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of OA. There are a number of inflammatory markers like cytokins and cartilage degradation products that can be used as indicators in OA. Blood neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a simple non-invasive and cost-effective marker of inflammation in various systemic diseases, but it has not been investigated in OA yet. The aim of the present study was to compare blood NLR levels in patients with severe - Kellgren and Lawrence (KL) grade 4 - knee OA and mild to moderate - KL grades 1-3 - knee OA. A total of 176 patients with knee OA were included in this cross-sectional study. KL grading was done according to the two-view (antero-posterior and lateral) plain radiography of both knees. Demographic characteristics, blood neutrophil, lymphocyte and platelet counts, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and C-reactive protein were recorded. Blood NLR levels were calculated. In the severe knee OA group, blood NLR levels were found to be elevated as compared to the mild to moderate knee OA group. A blood NLR of ≥2.1 was taken as the cutoff based upon the receiver operating characteristics (roc). In the roc curve analysis, blood NLR ≥ 2.1 had 50 % sensitivity and 77 % specificity in predicting severe knee OA. In multivariate analysis, age and blood NLR ≥ 2.1 emerged as independent predictors of severe knee OA. The results of the present study, for the first time in the literature, suggests blood NLR as a novel and promising inflammatory marker indicating the severity of knee OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özlem Taşoğlu
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Ankara Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Education and Research Hospital, Sıhhıye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hüma Bölük
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Ankara Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Education and Research Hospital, Sıhhıye, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Şule Şahin Onat
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Ankara Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Education and Research Hospital, Sıhhıye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - İrfan Taşoğlu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ankara Yüksek İhtisas Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Neşe Özgirgin
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Ankara Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Education and Research Hospital, Sıhhıye, Ankara, Turkey
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Han W, Aitken D, Zhu Z, Halliday A, Wang X, Antony B, Cicuttini F, Jones G, Ding C. Signal intensity alteration in the infrapatellar fat pad at baseline for the prediction of knee symptoms and structure in older adults: a cohort study. Ann Rheum Dis 2015; 75:1783-8. [PMID: 26612337 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-208360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the associations between infrapatellar fat pad (IPFP) signal intensity alteration at baseline and knee symptoms and structural changes in older adults. METHODS A total of 874 subjects (mean 62.1 years, 50.1% female) selected randomly from local community were studied at baseline and 770 were followed up (only 357 had MRI at follow-up) over 2.6 years. T1-weighted or T2-weighted fat suppressed MRI was used to assess IPFP signal intensity alteration (0-3), cartilage volume, cartilage defects and bone marrow lesions (BMLs) at baseline and 2.6 years later. Knee pain was assessed by self-administered Western Ontario and McMaster Osteoarthritis Index questionnaire. Radiographic osteoarthritis (OA) was assessed. RESULTS In cross-sectional analyses, IPFP signal intensity alteration was significantly and positively associated with total knee pain as well as knee cartilage defects, BMLs and knee radiographic OA and negatively associated with patellar cartilage volume after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index and/or radiographic OA. Longitudinally, baseline signal intensity alteration within IPFP was significantly and positively associated with increases in knee pain when going upstairs/downstairs as well as increases in tibiofemoral cartilage defects and BMLs, and negatively associated with change in lateral tibial cartilage volume in multivariable analyses. CONCLUSIONS IPFP signal intensity alteration at baseline was associated with knee structural abnormalities and clinical symptoms cross-sectionally and longitudinally in older adults, suggesting that it may serve as an important imaging biomarker in knee OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyu Han
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia Department of Orthopaedics, 3rd Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dawn Aitken
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Zhaohua Zhu
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Andrew Halliday
- Department of Radiology, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Xia Wang
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Benny Antony
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Flavia Cicuttini
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Graeme Jones
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Changhai Ding
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Arthritis Research Institute, 1st Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Solbak NM, Heard BJ, Achari Y, Chung M, Shrive NG, Frank CB, Hart DA. Alterations in Hoffa’s fat pad induced by an inflammatory response following idealized anterior cruciate ligament surgery. Inflamm Res 2015; 64:615-26. [DOI: 10.1007/s00011-015-0840-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Revised: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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Eymard F, Pigenet A, Citadelle D, Flouzat-Lachaniette CH, Poignard A, Benelli C, Berenbaum F, Chevalier X, Houard X. Induction of an inflammatory and prodegradative phenotype in autologous fibroblast-like synoviocytes by the infrapatellar fat pad from patients with knee osteoarthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2014; 66:2165-74. [PMID: 24719336 DOI: 10.1002/art.38657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Accepted: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The infrapatellar fat pad (IFP) of the knee joint has an inflammatory phenotype in osteoarthritis (OA). Its close proximity to the synovial membrane suggests that the IFP could be involved in the induction of OA synovitis. This study was undertaken to investigate the response of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) to autologous IFP and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SCAT) from patients with severe knee OA. METHODS Samples of IFP, SCAT, and autologous synovial membrane tissue close to the IFP were harvested during surgery from 28 patients with end-stage knee OA. FLS from 14 patients were stimulated with autologous IFP- or SCAT-conditioned medium, and levels of messenger RNA (mRNA) expression and protein release of interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8, secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2 ), cytosolic PLA2 , cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), microsomal prostaglandin E synthase, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2 ), and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) 1, 3, 9, and 13 were evaluated. Both IFP- and SCAT-conditioned medium were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for secretion of IL-6, soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R), IL-8, tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), PGE2 , IL-1β, and interferon-γ. In addition, OA FLS were treated with PGE2 receptor antagonists to evaluate the contribution of IFP-derived PGE2 to the inflammatory response of FLS to the IFP. RESULTS Stimulation of OA FLS with IFP-conditioned medium induced the mRNA expression and protein release of IL-6, IL-8, sPLA2 , COX-2, PGE2 , and MMPs 1, 3, 9, and 13. The extent of stimulation was consistently stronger with IFP-conditioned medium than with SCAT-conditioned medium. Moreover, secretion of IL-6, sIL-6R, IL-8, TNFα, and PGE2 was greater in IFP-conditioned medium than in SCAT-conditioned medium, especially PGE2 , whose secretion was 75-fold stronger in IFP-conditioned medium (P < 0.0001). PGE2 receptor antagonists dose-dependently inhibited the release of IL-6, IL-8, and PGE2 by IFP-stimulated FLS. CONCLUSION This study showed that the IFP has a potential role in the induction of synovial inflammation in patients with severe knee OA. Furthermore, secretion of PGE2 by the IFP may be involved in the OA inflammatory process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florent Eymard
- Sorbonne University, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, INSERM (UMR S938), and DHU i2B, Paris, France, and AP-HP, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
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Dawes JM, Kiesewetter H, Perkins JR, Bennett DLH, McMahon SB. Chemokine expression in peripheral tissues from the monosodium iodoacetate model of chronic joint pain. Mol Pain 2013; 9:57. [PMID: 24206615 PMCID: PMC3835139 DOI: 10.1186/1744-8069-9-57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2013] [Accepted: 10/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic pain arising from degenerative diseases of the joint such as osteoarthritis (OA) has a strong peripheral component which is likely to be mediator driven. Current treatments which reduce the production of such mediators i.e. non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), can help to lessen pain in OA patients. However, this is not always the case and complete pain relief is rarely achieved, suggesting that additional unidentified mediators play a role. Here we have investigated the notion that chemokines might act as such pain mediators in OA. RESULTS Using the monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) model of chronic joint pain the expression of over 90 different inflammatory mediators, mainly cytokines and chemokines, were measured in tissues taken from the femorotibial joint (cartilage, subchondral bone, fat pad) using custom-made quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) array cards. At both the day 3 and 14 time points, numerous inflammatory mediators were significantly up-regulated in these tissues, although it was clear that the largest transcriptional dysregulation occurred in the cartilage. Using individual qPCR to measure immune cell markers, a significant infiltration of macrophages was measured in the cartilage and fat pad at day 3. Neutrophil infiltration was also measured in the fat pad at the same time point, but no infiltration was observed at day 14. Combination of mRNA expression data from different time points and tissues identified the chemokines, CCL2, 7 and 9 as being consistently up-regulated. The overall increase in CCL2 expression was also measured at the protein level. CONCLUSION Chemokines in general and CCL2, 7 and 9 in particular, represent promising targets for further studies into the identification of new pain mediators in chronic joint pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Dawes
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, West Wing, Level 6, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK.
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Molligan J, Schon L, Zhang Z. A stereologic study of the plantar fat pad in young and aged rats. J Anat 2013; 223:537-45. [PMID: 24033117 DOI: 10.1111/joa.12104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Plantar fat pad (PFP) is a tissue structure that absorbs the initial impact of walking and running and ultimately bears body weight at standing. This study was designed to quantify the histomorphological changes of the PFP in aged rats. The most medial PFP was dissected from the hind feet of young rats (4 months old, n = 6) and aged rats (24 months old, n = 6). Histological structure and cellular senescence of PFP were analyzed stereologically and histomorphometrically. Immunohistochemistry of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) was also performed on PFP tissue sections. Compared with young rats, the thickness of epidermis, dermis and septa of the PFP were significantly reduced in the aged rats. The total volume of adipose tissue in the PFP of aged rats was only about 65% of that in the young rats. The microvascular density and the number of fat pad units (FPU), a cluster of adipocytes enclosed by elastin septa, in the PFP were unchanged in the aged rats. In the aged rats, the number of adipocytes per FPU was reduced but the number of simple adipocyte clusters, without surrounding septa, was increased. The shift of the types of adipocyte clusters in the aged PFP was accompanied by degradation of elastin fibers and increased expression of MMP9. In conclusion, the PFP, particularly the elastic septa, degenerates significantly in aged rats and this may contribute to the pathology of PFP-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Molligan
- Orthobiologic Laboratory, Medstar Union Memorial Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Does infrapatellar fat pad resection in total knee arthroplasty impair clinical outcome? A systematic review. Knee 2013; 20:226-31. [PMID: 23566735 DOI: 10.1016/j.knee.2013.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2012] [Revised: 08/15/2012] [Accepted: 01/28/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The infrapatellar fat pad (IPFP) is often removed during total knee arthroplasty (TKA). No evidence based guidelines on changes in clinical outcome have yet been described. The aim of this review is to investigate whether regular removal of the IPFP during TKA should be performed. MATERIAL AND METHODS Seven databases were systematically searched. Clinical studies, in which TKA with IPFP resection was compared with IPFP preservation, were included. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane collaboration tool. Studies reporting anterior knee pain, patellar tendon length, range of motion, patellar vascularisation or functional outcome were included. RESULTS The indication for TKA varied in the different studies: osteoarthritis (OA), rheumatic arthritis (RA) and multiple indications (OA, RA and osteonecrosis). After IPFP resection: 1. For OA, no differences in function, range of motion, and anterior knee pain were found. 2. In the RA study, there was a trend towards more discomfort and a decrease in function. 3. In OA and RA patients a decrease in patellar tendon length was observed. 4. One study reported no decrease in patellar vascularisation. DISCUSSION Limitations of this review are the high risk of bias scores of the included studies, the varying outcome measures, follow up, number and type of participants. Randomised clinical trials are required to support or refute the results, contributing to a possible future evidence based guideline on IPFP resection during TKA.
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