1
|
Savić Gajić IM, Savić IM, Ivanovska AM, Vunduk JD, Mihalj IS, Svirčev ZB. Improvement of Alginate Extraction from Brown Seaweed ( Laminaria digitata L.) and Valorization of Its Remaining Ethanolic Fraction. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:280. [PMID: 38921591 PMCID: PMC11204654 DOI: 10.3390/md22060280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to improve the conventional procedure of alginate isolation from the brown seaweed (Laminaria digitata L.) biomass and investigate the possibility of further valorization of the ethanolic fraction representing the byproduct after the degreasing and depigmentation of biomass. The acid treatment of biomass supported by ultrasound was modeled and optimized regarding the alginate yield using a response surface methodology based on the Box-Behnken design. A treatment time of 30 min, a liquid-to-solid ratio of 30 mL/g, and a treatment temperature of 47 °C were proposed as optimal conditions under which the alginate yield related to the mass of dry biomass was 30.9%. The use of ultrasonic radiation significantly reduced the time required for the acid treatment of biomass by about 4 to 24 times compared to other available conventional procedures. The isolated alginate had an M/G ratio of 1.08, which indicates a greater presence of M-blocks in its structure and the possibility of forming a soft and elastic hydrogel with its use. The chemical composition of the ethanolic fraction including total antioxidant content (293 mg gallic acid equivalent/g dry weight), total flavonoid content (14.9 mg rutin equivalent/g dry weight), contents of macroelements (the highest content of sodium, 106.59 mg/g dry weight), and microelement content (the highest content of boron, 198.84 mg/g dry weight) was determined, and the identification of bioactive compounds was carried out. The results of ultra high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry analysis confirmed the presence of 48 compounds, of which 41 compounds were identified as sugar alcohol, phenolic compounds, and lipids. According to the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay, the radical scavenging activity of the ethanolic fraction (the half-maximal inhibitory concentration of 42.84 ± 0.81 μg/mL) indicated its strong activity, which was almost the same as in the case of the positive control, synthetic antioxidant butylhydroxytoluene (the half-maximal inhibitory concentration of 36.61 ± 0.79 μg/mL). Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, and Bacillus cereus) were more sensitive to the ethanolic fraction compared to Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Shigella sonnei). The obtained results indicated the possibility of the further use of the ethanolic fraction as a fertilizer for plant growth in different species and antifouling agents, applicable in aquaculture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivana M. Savić Gajić
- Faculty of Technology in Leskovac, University of Nis, Bulevar oslobodjenja 124, 16000 Leskovac, Serbia;
| | - Ivan M. Savić
- Faculty of Technology in Leskovac, University of Nis, Bulevar oslobodjenja 124, 16000 Leskovac, Serbia;
| | - Aleksandra M. Ivanovska
- Innovation Center of the Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Jovana D. Vunduk
- Institute of General and Physical Chemistry, Studentski Trg 12/V, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Ivana S. Mihalj
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 2, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (I.S.M.); (Z.B.S.)
| | - Zorica B. Svirčev
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 2, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (I.S.M.); (Z.B.S.)
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Biochemistry, Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6A, 20520 Turku, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang Z, Zhang Y, Fu Z, Jin T, Zhao C, Zhao M. A comprehensive strategy for quality evaluation of Changan powder by fingerprinting combined with rapid qualitative and quantitative multi-ingredients profiling. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2024; 35:840-859. [PMID: 38332540 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Changan powder (CAP) is mainly used to treat various intestinal diseases. Few studies on CAP have been reported; therefore, it is necessary to clarify the material basis of CAP to lay the foundation for further elucidating its functional mechanism and support the rational use of drugs. OBJECTIVES In the present study, we aimed to propose a methodology for the quality control of CAP based on qualitative and quantitative analysis of its components. METHODS An ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (UPLC-FT-ICR-MS) method was developed to identify chemical components in CAP. In addition, fingerprints of 10 different batches of CAP were established, and quantitative analysis based on UPLC was performed to analyze the quality of CAP. RESULTS A total of 58 compounds were preliminarily characterized. The similarity of 10 batches of CAP was greater than 0.995, and 23 common peaks were calibrated. Investigation of the quantitative analytical methodology showed that the four components had good linear relationships within their respective concentration ranges (r2 ≥ 0.9992), and the relative standard deviation (RSD) of precision and stability was less than 2%. The RSD of sample recovery ranged from 0.78% to 1.52%. CONCLUSION The established method can quickly and effectively identify the chemical components of CAP and accurately quantify the known components in CAP. The established fingerprinting and content determination method is stable, reliable, and easy to operate and can be applied in quality control and in vivo research on CAP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheyong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yumeng Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zixuan Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Tong Jin
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Chunjie Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Min Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mei Y, Hu Y, Tao X, Shang J, Qian M, Suo F, Li J, Cao L, Wang Z, Xiao W. Chemical Profiling of Shen-Wu-Yi-Shen Tablets Using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS and Its Quality Evaluation Based on UPLC-DAD Combined with Multivariate Statistical Analysis. J Chromatogr Sci 2024:bmae001. [PMID: 38251765 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmae001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Shen-Wu-Yi-Shen tablets (SWYST) is a traditional Chinese medicine prescription used for treating chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study aims to characterize the constituents in SWYST and evaluate the quality based on the quantification of multiple bioactive components. SWYST samples were analyzed with ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) and a data-processing strategy. As a result, 215 compounds in SWYST were unambiguously identified or tentatively characterized, including 14 potential new compounds. Meanwhile, strategies based on characteristic fragments for rapid identification were summarized, indicating that the qualitative method is accurate and feasible. Notably, the glucose esters of laccaic acid D-type anthraquinone were first found and their fragmentation patterns were described by comparing that of O-glycoside isomers. Besides, based on comparisons of the cleavage ways of mono-acyl glucose with different acyl groups or acylation sites, differences in fragmentation pathways between 1,2-di-O-acyl glucose and 1,6-di-O-acyl glucose were proposed for the first time and verified by reference substances. In addition, a validated UPLC-DAD was established for the determination of 11 major bioactive components related to treatment of CKD (albiflorin, paeoniflorin, 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxy-stilbene-2-O-β-d-glucoside (TSG), 1-O-galloyl-2-O-cinnamoyl-β-d-glucose, emodin-8-O-β-d-glucoside, chrysophanol-O-β-d-glucoside, aloe-emodin, rhein, emodin, chrysophanol and physcion). Moreover, TSG and 1-O-galloyl-2-O-cinnamoyl-β-d-glucose were found as the quality markers related to the origins of SWYST based on multivariate statistical analysis. Conclusively, the findings in this work provide a feasible reference for further studies on quality research and mechanisms of action in treating CKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yudan Mei
- College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yumei Hu
- National Key Laboratory on Technologies for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process Control and Intelligent Manufacture, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Lianyungang 222047, China
- Local Joint Engineering Research Center on the Intelligent Manufacturing of TCM, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Lianyungang 222047, China
| | - Xiaoqian Tao
- National Key Laboratory on Technologies for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process Control and Intelligent Manufacture, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Lianyungang 222047, China
- Local Joint Engineering Research Center on the Intelligent Manufacturing of TCM, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Lianyungang 222047, China
| | - Jing Shang
- National Key Laboratory on Technologies for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process Control and Intelligent Manufacture, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Lianyungang 222047, China
- Local Joint Engineering Research Center on the Intelligent Manufacturing of TCM, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Lianyungang 222047, China
| | - Mengyu Qian
- National Key Laboratory on Technologies for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process Control and Intelligent Manufacture, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Lianyungang 222047, China
- Local Joint Engineering Research Center on the Intelligent Manufacturing of TCM, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Lianyungang 222047, China
| | - Fengtai Suo
- National Key Laboratory on Technologies for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process Control and Intelligent Manufacture, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Lianyungang 222047, China
- Local Joint Engineering Research Center on the Intelligent Manufacturing of TCM, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Lianyungang 222047, China
| | - Jifeng Li
- National Key Laboratory on Technologies for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process Control and Intelligent Manufacture, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Lianyungang 222047, China
- Local Joint Engineering Research Center on the Intelligent Manufacturing of TCM, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Lianyungang 222047, China
| | - Liang Cao
- National Key Laboratory on Technologies for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process Control and Intelligent Manufacture, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Lianyungang 222047, China
- Local Joint Engineering Research Center on the Intelligent Manufacturing of TCM, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Lianyungang 222047, China
| | - Zhenzhong Wang
- National Key Laboratory on Technologies for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process Control and Intelligent Manufacture, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Lianyungang 222047, China
- Local Joint Engineering Research Center on the Intelligent Manufacturing of TCM, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Lianyungang 222047, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
- National Key Laboratory on Technologies for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process Control and Intelligent Manufacture, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Lianyungang 222047, China
- Local Joint Engineering Research Center on the Intelligent Manufacturing of TCM, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Lianyungang 222047, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bouhlel Chatti I, Krichen Y, Horchani M, Maatouk M, Trabelsi A, Lassoued MA, Ben Jannet H, Ghédira LC. Anthraquinones from Rhamnus alaternus L.: A Phytocosmetic Ingredient with Photoprotective and Antimelanogenesis Properties. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202300876. [PMID: 38037520 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the present work was to develop a phytocosmetic sunscreen emulsion with antioxidant activity and an anti-melanogenic effect, containing an anthraquinone-enriched extract of Rhamnus alaternus (A.E.). Our findings demonstrated that A.E. decreased the levels of reactive oxygen species, DNA damage, and malondialdehyde induced by UVA in human keratinocytes and melanocytes. Furthermore, the calculated SPF value in vitro of the cream containing A.E. was 14.26±0.152. Later, it was shown that A.E. extract had an inhibitory effect on the amount of melanin. This extract could also reduce B16F10 intracellular tyrosinase activity. Besides, docking studies were carried out to provide a logical justification for the anti-tyrosinase potential. The findings showed that, A.E. may provide protection against UVA-induced oxidative stress and could be thought of as a viable treatment for hyperpigmentation disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ines Bouhlel Chatti
- Unity of Bioactive Natural Substances and Biotechnology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Rue Avicenne, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
- Department of Biology and Geology, Higher Institute of Applied Science and Technology of Gabe s, University of Gabes, Gabes, Tunisia
| | - Yosr Krichen
- Unity of Bioactive Natural Substances and Biotechnology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Rue Avicenne, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Mabrouk Horchani
- Laboratory of Heterocyclic Chemistry, Natural Products and Reactivity (LR11ES39), Team: Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products, Faculty of Science of Monastir, University of Monastir, Avenue of Environment, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Mouna Maatouk
- Unity of Bioactive Natural Substances and Biotechnology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Rue Avicenne, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Amine Trabelsi
- Unity of Bioactive Natural Substances and Biotechnology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Rue Avicenne, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Ali Lassoued
- Laboratory of Chemical, Galenic and Pharmacological Development of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Rue Avicenne, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Hichem Ben Jannet
- Laboratory of Heterocyclic Chemistry, Natural Products and Reactivity (LR11ES39), Team: Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products, Faculty of Science of Monastir, University of Monastir, Avenue of Environment, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Leila Chekir Ghédira
- Unity of Bioactive Natural Substances and Biotechnology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Rue Avicenne, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wu MR, Tang LH, Chen YY, Shu LX, Xu YY, Yao YQ, Li YB. Systematic characterization of the chemical constituents in vitro and in vivo of Qianghuo by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. Fitoterapia 2024; 172:105758. [PMID: 38042507 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
The Chinese herb Qianghuo is an antiphlogistic herb with many effects and complex components. In this study, the chemical composition of Qianghuo and its components in rat plasma after oral administration were investigated using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS). The extracts, blank plasma, and plasma containing the drug were analyzed by mass spectrometry, and data collected in both positive and negative ion modes were analyzed using Masslynx software, and the structures were confirmed by combining the compound fragment ions and mass spectrometry cleavage pathways. A total of 62 in vitro chemical components were identified, including 27 coumarins, 18 organic acids, 5 amino acids, 5 glycosides, 2 flavonoids, 4 nucleotides, and 1 ester, which were summarized from the obtained compounds in terms of their possible cleavage patterns. Among the identified 31 compounds in rat plasma, 21 were prototypes, mostly coumarins, organic acids, and flavonoids, and 10 were metabolites, which were mainly generated via hydroxylation and methylation pathways. Based on these, this study provides a theoretical foundation for quality control and basic research on Qianghuo medicinal substances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Ru Wu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Lu-Huan Tang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan-Yan Chen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Le-Xin Shu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan-Yan Xu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Ya-Qi Yao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
| | - Yu-Bo Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Cherian S, Hacisayidli KM, Kurian R, Mathews A. Therapeutically important bioactive compounds of the genus Polygonum L. and their possible interventions in clinical medicine. J Pharm Pharmacol 2023; 75:301-327. [PMID: 36757388 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgac105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Increasing literature data have suggested that the genus Polygonum L. possesses pharmacologically important plant secondary metabolites. These bioactive compounds are implicated as effective agents in preclinical and clinical practice due to their pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antidiabetic, antiaging, neuroprotective or immunomodulatory properties among many others. However, elaborate pharmacological and clinical data concerning the bioavailability, tissue distribution pattern, dosage and pharmacokinetic profiles of these compounds are still scanty. KEY FINDINGS The major bioactive compounds implicated in the therapeutic effects of Polygonum genus include phenolic and flavonoid compounds, anthraquinones and stilbenes, such as quercetin, resveratrol, polydatin and others, and could serve as potential drug leads or as adjuvant agents. Data from in-silico network pharmacology and computational molecular docking studies are also highly helpful in identifying the possible drug target of pathogens or host cell machinery. SUMMARY We provide an up-to-date overview of the data from pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic profiles and preclinical (in-vitro and in-vivo) investigations and the available clinical data on some of the therapeutically important compounds of genus Polygonum L. and their medical interventions, including combating the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sam Cherian
- Indian Society for Plant Physiology, New Delhi, India
| | - Kushvar Mammadova Hacisayidli
- Department of Hygiene and Food Safety, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, Azerbaijan State Agricultural University, Ganja City, Azerbaijan
| | - Renju Kurian
- Department of Pathology, Manipal University College, Melaka, Malaysia
| | - Allan Mathews
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Quest International University Perak, Ipoh, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang S, Nie H, Yang Y, Yang L, He J. Activating Blood Circulation, Anti-Inflammatory and Diuretic Effects of Leonurus japonicus Extract on a Rat Model of Trauma Blood Stasis and Its Phytochemical Profiling. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202201176. [PMID: 36746759 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202201176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Leonurus japonicus Houtt. has been traditionally used to treat many ailments. This study evaluated the activating blood circulation, anti-inflammatory, and diuretic effects of L. japonicus extract (LJ) and identified its phytochemicals. In this work, the phytochemicals in LJ were identified using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Rats were randomly assigned to three groups (n=8): Control group was treated with saline, while the Model group (saline) and LJ group (426 mg/kg) had induced traumatic injury. All rats were treated with once by daily oral gavage for one week. The biochemical indices and protein expression were measured. Herein, 79 constituents were identified in LJ, which were effective in elevating body weight, food consumption, water intake, and urinary excretion volume, as well as in ameliorating traumatic muscle tissues in model rats. In addition, LJ prominently decreased the contents of plasma viscosity, platelet aggregation rate, thrombin time, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, fibrinogen, thromboxane B2 (TXB2), TXB2/6-keto-prostaglandin F1α (6-keto-PGF1α), urokinase-type plasminogen activator (u-PA), plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), PAI-1/tissue-type PA (t-PA), and PAI-1/u-PA, while significantly increasing antithrombin III, 6-keto-PGF1α, and t-PA contents. Furthermore, LJ notably inhibited tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-8, angiotensin II, antidiuretic hormone, aldosterone, aquaporin 1 (AQP1), AQP2, and AQP3 levels, and markedly elevating IL-10 and natriuretic peptide levels. Finally, LJ markedly reduced the protein expression of AQP1, AQP2, and AQP3 compared to the model group. Collectively, LJ possessed prominent activating blood circulation, anti-inflammatory, and diuretic effects, thus supporting the clinical application of L. japonicus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shengyuan Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Conservation and Precision Utilization of Characteristic Agricultural Resources in Mountainous Aeras, Jiaying University, Meizhou, 514015, P. R. China
| | - Hua Nie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Conservation and Precision Utilization of Characteristic Agricultural Resources in Mountainous Aeras, Jiaying University, Meizhou, 514015, P. R. China
| | - Yali Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Conservation and Precision Utilization of Characteristic Agricultural Resources in Mountainous Aeras, Jiaying University, Meizhou, 514015, P. R. China
| | - Li Yang
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, P. R. China
| | - Junwei He
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yu LP, Li YJ, Wang T, Tao YX, Zhang M, Gu W, Yu J, Yang XX. In vivo recognition of bioactive substances of Polygonum multiflorum for protecting mitochondria against metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:171-189. [PMID: 36683716 PMCID: PMC9850952 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i1.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a severe threat to human health. Polygonum multiflorum (PM) has been proven to remedy mitochondria and relieve MAFLD, but the main pharmacodynamic ingredients for mitigating MAFLD remain unclear.
AIM To research the active ingredients of PM adjusting mitochondria to relieve high-fat diet (HFD)-induced MAFLD in rats.
METHODS Fat emulsion-induced L02 adipocyte model and HFD-induced MAFLD rat model were used to investigate the anti-MAFLD ability of PM and explore their action mechanisms. The adipocyte model was also applied to evaluate the activities of PM-derived constituents in liver mitochondria from HFD-fed rats (mitochondrial pharmacology). PM-derived constituents in liver mitochondria were confirmed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (mitochondrial pharmacochemistry). The abilities of PM-derived monomer and monomer groups were evaluated by the adipocyte model and MAFLD mouse model, respectively.
RESULTS PM repaired mitochondrial ultrastructure and prevented oxidative stress and energy production disorder of liver mitochondria to mitigate fat emulsion-induced cellular steatosis and HFD-induced MAFLD. PM-derived constituents that entered the liver mitochondria inhibited oxidative stress damage and improved energy production against cellular steatosis. Eight chemicals were found in the liver mitochondria of PM-administrated rats. The anti-steatosis ability of one monomer and the anti-MAFLD activity of the monomer group were validated.
CONCLUSION PM restored mitochondrial structure and function and alleviated MAFLD, which may be associated with the remedy of oxidative stress and energy production. The identified eight chemicals may be the main bioactive ingredients in PM that adjusted mitochondria to prevent MAFLD. Thus, PM provides a new approach to prevent MAFLD-related mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondrial pharmacology and pharmacochemistry further showed efficient strategies for determining the bioactive ingredients of Chinese medicines that adjust mitochondria to prevent diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ping Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, Yunnan Province, China
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, Kunming 650500, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Yan-Juan Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, Yunnan Province, China
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, Kunming 650500, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Tao Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, Yunnan Province, China
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, Kunming 650500, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Yu-Xuan Tao
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, Yunnan Province, China
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, Kunming 650500, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Mei Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, Yunnan Province, China
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, Kunming 650500, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Wen Gu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, Yunnan Province, China
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, Kunming 650500, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Jie Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, Yunnan Province, China
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, Kunming 650500, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Xing-Xin Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, Yunnan Province, China
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, Kunming 650500, Yunnan Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang X, Yang J, Cheng X, Wang Y, Gao H, Song Y, Wei F, Ma S. On-line identification of the chemical constituents of Polygoni Multiflori Radix by UHPLC-Q-ToF MS/MS. Front Chem 2023; 11:1158717. [PMID: 37153531 PMCID: PMC10160465 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1158717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Polygoni Multiflori Radix (PMR) is a type of Chinese herbal medicine with rich chemical composition and pharmacological activity used widely in medicine and food. However, in recent years, there have been increasing numbers of negative reports about its hepatotoxicity. Identification of its chemical constituents for quality control and safe use is very important. Methods: Three solvents of different polarities (water, 70% ethanol, and 95% ethanol solution) were used to extract the compounds from PMR. Extracts were analyzed and characterized by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-ToF MS/MS) in the negative-ion mode. Results: 152 compounds were detected and identified: 50 anthraquinones, 33 stilbene derivatives, 21 flavonoids, seven naphthalene compounds, and 41 other compounds. Eight other compounds were reported for the first time in the PMR-related literature, and eight other compounds were potentially new compounds. Discussion: This study lays a solid foundation for the screening of toxicity and quality-control indicators of PMR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xueting Wang
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Jianbo Yang
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
- Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Drug Inspection and Research Institute NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Uyghur) Medicine Urumqi, Urumqi, China
| | - Xianlong Cheng
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Huiyu Gao
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Yunfei Song
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Wei
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Feng Wei, ; Shuangcheng Ma,
| | - Shuangcheng Ma
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Feng Wei, ; Shuangcheng Ma,
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Xu H, Qu J, Wang J, Han K, Li Q, Bi W, Liu R. Discovery of pulmonary fibrosis inhibitor targeting TGF-β RI in Polygonum cuspidatum by high resolution mass spectrometry with in silico strategy. J Pharm Anal 2022; 12:860-868. [PMID: 36605575 PMCID: PMC9805938 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2020.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is an irreversible lung disease that is characterized by excessive scar tissue with a poor median survival rate of 2-3 years. The inhibition of transforming growth factor-β receptor type-I (TGF-β RI) by an appropriate drug may provide a promising strategy for the treatment of this disease. Polygonum cuspidatum (PC) is a well-known traditional Chinese herbal medicine which has an anti-PF effect. Accordingly, a combination of high resolution mass spectrometry with an in silico strategy was developed as a new method to search for potential chemical ingredients of PC that target the TGF-β RI. Based on this strategy, a total of 24 ingredients were identified. Then, absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME)-related properties were subsequently predicted to exclude compounds with potentially undesirable pharmacokinetics behaviour. Molecular docking studies on TGF-β RI were adopted to discover new PF inhibitors. Eventually, a compound that exists in PC known as resveratrol was proven to have excellent biological activity on TGF-β RI, with an IC50 of 2.211 μM in vitro. Furthermore, the complex formed through molecular docking was tested via molecular dynamics simulations, which revealed that resveratrol had strong interactions with residues of TGF-β RI. This study revealed that resveratrol has significant potential as a treatment for PF due to its ability to target TGF-β RI. In addition, this research demonstrated the exploration of natural products with excellent biological activities toward specific targets via high resolution mass spectrometry in combination with in silico technology is a promising strategy for the discovery of novel drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huarong Xu
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medica Quality Control, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Jiameng Qu
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medica Quality Control, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Material Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Kefei Han
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medica Quality Control, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Material Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Qing Li
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medica Quality Control, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Wenchuan Bi
- Health Science Center Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518118, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Ran Liu
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medica Quality Control, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
- Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wang S, Kong X, Chen N, Hu P, Boucetta H, Hu Z, Xu X, Zhang P, Zhan X, Chang M, Cheng R, Wu W, Song M, Lu Y, Hang T. Hepatotoxic metabolites in Polygoni Multiflori Radix— Comparative toxicology in mice. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1007284. [PMID: 36304159 PMCID: PMC9592908 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1007284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polygoni Multiflori Radix (PM) and Rhei radix et rhizoma (rhubarb) contain similar hepatocyte-toxic anthraquinones such as emodin (major free anthraquinone in PM), physcion and their glycosides. In clinical practice, PM hepatotoxicity has been widely reported, although rhubarb is not recognized as hepatotoxic. To clarify the substances basis (key components) of PM hepatotoxicity, based on the characteristic components’ similarity within PM, rhubarb and their concocted forms, a comparative sub-acute toxicity study was designed in mice. Nine groups of mice with 28 days of oral administration of these herbal extracts or 2,3,5,4′-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside (TSG, major and unique characteristic component in PM)-herb combinations were set as follows: Group-1, control; Group-2, PM ethanol-extract (PME); Group-3, PM praeparata ethanol-extract (PMPE); Group-4, Rhubarb ethanol-extract (RME); Group-5, Steamed rhubarb ethanol-extract (RMPE); Group-6, TSG; Group-7, PMPE-TSG combination; Group-8, RME-TSG combination; Group-9, RMPE-TSG combination. Each experimental group received an equivalent emodin dose of 29 mg/kg except for the TSG group, and an equivalent TSG dose of 1,345 mg/kg except for the PMPE, RME and RMPE groups. The results showed that PME, PMPE-TSG and RME-TSG induced liver lesions and biochemical abnormalities of liver function compared with the control. In contrast, PMPE, RME, RMPE, TSG and RMPE-TSG caused no liver lesions and fewer biochemical abnormalities. Considering the related components, only the co-administration of high doses of TSG and emodin-8-O-β-D-glucoside (EMG, major anthraquinone glycoside in PM) in these groups could cause liver lesions. According to tissue distribution and correlation analysis, EMG dose was positively correlated with the high hepatic emodin and TSG exposure, and the hepatic emodin and TSG exposure were positively correlated with the biochemical abnormalities of liver function. Cell viability test in vitro showed emodin was more hepatotoxic than TSG and EMG, and mainly emodin and TSG of the three had synergistic hepatotoxic effects. Therefore, creatively using rhubarb as a reference, this study revealed that PM hepatotoxicity in mice mainly came from the integrative contribution of TSG, EMG and emodin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shixiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiang Kong
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ning Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Pengwei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hamza Boucetta
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhaoliang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Pei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiang Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ming Chang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Song
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuting Lu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Taijun Hang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Taijun Hang,
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Du X, Xu L, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Li H, Cui W, Lin H. Analyze the Effect of Steaming on the Chemical Constituents, Defecation and Liver Injury of Polygonum Multiflorum Radix (Heshouwu) by Multiple Analysis Techniques Combined with Multivariate Statistics. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196284. [PMID: 36234820 PMCID: PMC9570837 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Steaming is a characteristic pharmaceutical skill in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Polygonum multiflorum radix (PM) and its steamed products have been used in Asia for centuries. Raw Polygonum multiflorum radix (RPM) is commonly used to promote defecation but can exert toxicity, especially in liver injury. However, RPM can be made converted into Polygoni multiflori radix praeparata (PMP) by steaming; this is considered a good method to reduce defecation and liver injury caused by PM in Asia. The chemical constituents of TCM are the key to its action. We systematically analyzed the effect of steaming on PM constituents, defecation, and liver injury. We identified 13 main constituents from PM and PMP; the results showed that after being steamed, two constituents (TSG, catechin) had decreased, six constituents (such as procyanidin B1 or B2) had disappeared, four constituents (such as emodin, physcion) had increased, emodin-8-O-β-D-glucoside remained unchanged in PMP. Pharmacological experiments showed that PM could promote defecation; however, there were no obvious effects in response to PMP. Only a high dose of PM for 14 days caused some degree of liver injury, although this injury disappeared after 14 days of drug withdrawal. Network pharmacology and molecular docking studies showed that TSG, emodin and physcion were the most effective in promoting defecation and causing liver injury. Collectively, our findings show that steaming can reduce the effect of PM on promoting defecation and reducing liver injury. TSG may be one of the important constituents in PM that can promote defecation and cause liver injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Du
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Lili Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
- Shandong Institute for Food and Drug Control, Jinan 250101, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Yang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Huifen Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (W.C.); (H.L.)
| | - Weiliang Cui
- Shandong Institute for Food and Drug Control, Jinan 250101, China
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (W.C.); (H.L.)
| | - Huibin Lin
- Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (W.C.); (H.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Li D, Lyu Y, Zhao J, Ji X, Zhang Y, Zuo Z. Accumulation of the Major Components from Polygoni Multiflori Radix in Liver and Kidney after Its Long-Term Oral Administrations in Rats. PLANTA MEDICA 2022; 88:950-959. [PMID: 34521133 DOI: 10.1055/a-1585-5991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Although Polygoni Multiflori Radix (PMR) has been widely used as a tonic and an anti-aging remedy for centuries, the extensively reported hepatotoxicity and potential kidney toxicity hindered its safe use in clinical practice. To better understand its toxicokinetics, the current study was proposed, aiming to evaluate the biodistributions of the major PMR components including 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (TSG), emodin, emodin-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (EMG) and physcion as well as their corresponding glucuronides following bolus and multiple oral administrations of PMR to rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats received a bolus dose or 21 days of oral administrations of PMR concentrated granules at 4.12 g/kg (equivalent to 20.6 g/kg raw material). Fifteen minutes after bolus dose or the last dose on day 21, rats were sacrificed and the blood, liver, and kidney were collected for the concentration determination of both parent form and glucuronides of TSG, emodin, EMG, and physcion by HPLC-MS/MS. Among all the tested analytes, TSG, EMG, EMG glucuronides in liver and TSG, EMG, as well as all the glucuronides of these analytes in the kidney demonstrated the most significant accumulation after multiple doses. Moreover, the levels of the parent analytes were all significantly higher in liver and kidney in comparison to their plasma levels. Strong tissue binding of all four analytes and accumulation of TSG, EMG, and EMG glucuronides in the liver and TSG, EMG, as well as the glucuronides of all four analytes in the kidney after multiple dosing of PMR were considered to be associated with its toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Yuanfeng Lyu
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Jiajia Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Ji
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Zhong Zuo
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucopyranoside enhances the hepatotoxicity of emodin in vitro and in vivo. Toxicol Lett 2022; 365:74-85. [PMID: 35753641 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2022.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Herb-induced liver injury results from the interplay between the herb and host with the herbal components serving as the major origin for hepatotoxicity. Although Polygoni Multiflori Radix (PMR) has been frequently reported to induce liver injury, contributions of its major components such as emodin, emodin-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, physcion and 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (TSG) towards its hepatotoxicity have not been clearly identified. Our initial cytotoxicity screenings of the major PMR components using rat hepatocytes identified emodin as the most toxic. Subsequently, the bile acid homeostasis-related mechanisms of emodin and its combination treatment with TSG in PMR-associated liver injury were explored in sandwich-cultured rat hepatocytes (SCRH) and verified in rats. In SCRH, emodin was found to be able to induce total bile acid accumulation in a dose-dependent manner. In both SCRH and rats, the presence of TSG significantly enhanced the hepatotoxicity of emodin via i) increasing its hepatic exposure by inhibiting its glucuronidation mediated metabolism; ii) enhancing its disruption on bile acid homeostasis through amplifying its inhibition on bile acid efflux transporters and its up-regulation on bile acids synthesis enzymes; iii) enhancing its apoptosis. Our study for the first time demonstrated the critical role of the combination treatment with emodin and TSG in PMR-induced liver injury.
Collapse
|
15
|
Ma J, Li K, Shi S, Li J, Tang S, Liu L. The Application of UHPLC-HRMS for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:922488. [PMID: 35721122 PMCID: PMC9201421 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.922488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
UHPLC-HRMS (ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry) is a new technique that unifies the application of UHPLC with HRMS. Because of the high sensitivity and good separation ability of UHPLC and the sensitivity of HRMS, this technique has been widely used for structure identification, quantitative determination, fingerprint analysis, and elucidation of the mechanisms of action of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) in recent years. This review mainly outlines the advantages of using UHPLC-HRMS and provides a survey of the research advances on UHPLC-HRMS for the quality control of TCMs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jieyao Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Antibody-Based Drug and Intelligent Delivery System, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Dong Medicine, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
| | - Kailin Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Antibody-Based Drug and Intelligent Delivery System, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
| | - Silin Shi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Antibody-Based Drug and Intelligent Delivery System, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
| | - Jian Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Antibody-Based Drug and Intelligent Delivery System, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
| | - Sunv Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Antibody-Based Drug and Intelligent Delivery System, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
| | - LiangHong Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Antibody-Based Drug and Intelligent Delivery System, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Dong Medicine, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chen J, Zheng Q, Zheng Z, Li Y, Liao H, Zhao H, Guo D, Ma Y. Analysis of the differences in the chemical composition of monascus rice and highland barley monascus. Food Funct 2022; 13:7000-7019. [PMID: 35723016 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00402j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Monascus rice (MR) and highland barley monascus (HBM), the monascus fermented products, are applied in food and medicine to reduce cholesterol and promote digestion. Due to the fermentation substrates, their compositions are different. However, the exact differences have not been reported to date. By UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS analysis, multiple components of twenty batches of MR and HBM samples were identified. In total, 100 components were confirmed (e.g., monacolins, pigments, decalin derivatives, amino acids). Then, principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to filter the components of MR and HBM. In the PCA model, 88.1% of the total variance was uncovered. The OPLS-DA model showed better discrimination between MR and HBM, and the values of R2X, R2Y, and Q2 were 0.837, 0.996, and 0.956, respectively. Based on the value of the variable importance in projection (VIP) and the result of the t-test, 424 components (VIP > 1, p < 0.05) were acquired. Finally, 11 differential components were selected as the characteristic compounds to discriminate between MR and HBM: the content of 9 monacolins (3-hydroxy-3,5-dihydrodehydromonacolin K, monacolin K, dehydromonacolin K, dehydromonacolin J hydroxy acid, monacophenyl, dihydromonacolin J hydroxy acid, monacolin L, dehydromonacolin J, and monacolin R) in HBM was higher than the content in MR, but the content of 2 pigments (ankaflavin and monascin) was lower in HBM and higher in MR. The findings revealed the similarities and differences in the chemical composition between MR and HBM, which is expected to provide a basis for quality control of HBM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China. .,School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qi Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China. .,School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhenxing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China. .,School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yirou Li
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China. .,School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hailang Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China. .,School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- National United Engineering Research Center for Tibetan Plateau Microbiology, Tibet, China
| | - Dale Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China. .,School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuntong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China. .,School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kang L, Li D, Jiang X, Zhang Y, Pan M, Hu Y, Si L, Zhang Y, Huang J. Hepatotoxicity of the Major Anthraquinones Derived From Polygoni Multiflori Radix Based on Bile Acid Homeostasis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:878817. [PMID: 35662717 PMCID: PMC9157432 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.878817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Polygoni Multiflori Radix (PMR), the dried root of Polygonum Multiflorum Thunb., has been widely used as traditional Chinese medicines in clinical practice for centuries. However, the frequently reported hepatotoxic adverse effects hindered its safe use in clinical practice. This study aims to explore the hepatotoxic effect of PMR extract and the major PMR derived anthraquinones including emodin, chrysophanol, and physcion in mice and the underlying mechanisms based on bile acid homeostasis. After consecutively treating the ICR mice with PMR extract or individual anthraquinones for 14 or 28 days, the liver function was evaluated by measuring serum enzymes levels and liver histological examination. The compositions of bile acids (BAs) in the bile, liver, and plasma were measured by LC-MS/MS, followed by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Partial Least Squares Discriminate Analysis (PLS-DA). Additionally, gene and protein expressions of BA efflux transporters, bile salt export pump (Bsep) and multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (Mrp2), were examined to investigate the underlying mechanisms. After 14-day administration, mild inflammatory cell infiltration in the liver was observed in the physcion- and PMR-treated groups, while it was found in all the treated groups after 28-day treatment. Physcion and PMR extract induced hepatic BA accumulation after 14-day treatment, but such accumulation was attenuated after 28-day treatment. Based on the PLS-DA results, physcion- and PMR-treated groups were partially overlapping and both groups showed a clear separation with the control group in the mouse liver. The expression of Bsep and Mrp2 in the physcion- and PMR-treated mouse liver was decreased after 14-day treatment, while the downregulation was abrogated after 28-day treatment. Our study, for the first time, demonstrated that both PMR extract and tested anthraquinones could alter the disposition of either the total or individual BAs in the mouse bile, liver, and plasma via regulating the BA efflux transporters and induce liver injury, which provide a theoretical basis for the quality control and safe use of PMR in practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Kang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, South-Central MinZu University, Wuhan, China.,School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,National Demonstration Center for Experimental Ethnopharmacology Education, South-Central MinZu University, Wuhan, China
| | - Dan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Minhong Pan
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yixin Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Luqin Si
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongjun Zhang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Jiangeng Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Guan H, Li P, Wang Q, Zeng F, Wang D, Zhou M, Zhou M, He X, Liao S, Pan W. Systematically Exploring the Chemical Ingredients and Absorbed Constituents of Polygonum capitatum in Hyperuricemia Rat Plasma Using UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27113521. [PMID: 35684459 PMCID: PMC9182448 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Polygonum capitatum as an ethnic medicine has been used to treat urinary tract infections, pyelonephritis and urinary calculi. In our previous study, P. capitatum was found to have anti-hyperuricemia effects. Nevertheless, the active constituents of P. capitatum for treating hyperuricemia were still unclear. In this study, an ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole/orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS) was used to comprehensively detect the chemical ingredients of P. capitatum and its absorbed constituents in the plasma of hyperuricemia rats for the first time. Xcalibur 3.0 and Compound Discoverer 2.0 software coupled to mzCloud and ChemSpider databases were utilized for qualitative analysis. A total of 114 chemical components including phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, phenylpropanoids, amino acids, amides and others were identified or tentatively characterized based on the exact mass, retention time and structural information. Compared to the previous P. capitatum study, an additional 66 different components were detected. Moreover, 68 related xenobiotics including 16 prototype components and 52 metabolites were found in the plasma of hyperuricemia rats. The metabolic pathways included ring fission, hydrolysis, decarboxylation, dehydroxylation, methylation, glucuronidation and sulfation. This work may provide important information for further investigation on the active constituents of P. capitatum and their action mechanisms for anti-hyperuricemia effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huanyu Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; (H.G.); (Q.W.); (F.Z.); (D.W.); (M.Z.); (M.Z.); (X.H.)
| | - Pengfei Li
- National Institute of Drug Clinical Trial, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang 550002, China;
| | - Qian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; (H.G.); (Q.W.); (F.Z.); (D.W.); (M.Z.); (M.Z.); (X.H.)
| | - Fanli Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; (H.G.); (Q.W.); (F.Z.); (D.W.); (M.Z.); (M.Z.); (X.H.)
| | - Daoping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; (H.G.); (Q.W.); (F.Z.); (D.W.); (M.Z.); (M.Z.); (X.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Mei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; (H.G.); (Q.W.); (F.Z.); (D.W.); (M.Z.); (M.Z.); (X.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Meng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; (H.G.); (Q.W.); (F.Z.); (D.W.); (M.Z.); (M.Z.); (X.H.)
| | - Xun He
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; (H.G.); (Q.W.); (F.Z.); (D.W.); (M.Z.); (M.Z.); (X.H.)
| | - Shanggao Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; (H.G.); (Q.W.); (F.Z.); (D.W.); (M.Z.); (M.Z.); (X.H.)
- Correspondence: (S.L.); (W.P.)
| | - Weidong Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; (H.G.); (Q.W.); (F.Z.); (D.W.); (M.Z.); (M.Z.); (X.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550014, China
- Correspondence: (S.L.); (W.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Basit A, Ahmad S, Khan KUR, Naeem A, Usman M, Ahmed I, Shahzad MN. Chemical profiling of Justicia vahlii Roth. (Acanthaceae) using UPLC-QTOF-MS and GC-MS analysis and evaluation of acute oral toxicity, antineuropathic and antioxidant activities. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 287:114942. [PMID: 34968664 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Justicia vahlii Roth. (Acanthaceae), also called as kodasoori and bhekkar is an annual therophyte erect or decumbent herb used traditionally in toothache, skin diseases (itching, topical inflammation) and for the treatment of various respiratory disorders. AIM OF THE STUDY The current study aimed at exploring pain cessation potential of J. vahlii Roth. via murine model of neuropathic pain and its phytochemical, toxicological and antioxidant profiles. MATERIALS AND METHODS The hydro-alcoholic extract of J. vahlii (HAEJv) prepared by maceration technique was subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening, total bioactive content determination, UPLC-QTOF-MS and GC-MS analysis. Toxicity assessment was carried out by using brine shrimp lethality assay and acute oral toxicity test. Murine model of neuropathic pain was applied to assess the antineuropathic potential of the species. Furthermore effect of the extract on catalase, superoxide oxide dismutase (SOD), Glutathione (GSH), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) and total necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) was also studied. In vitro antioxidant profile was explored by using four methods; 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azinobis(3-ethylbenothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), CUPric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) and Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. RESULTS The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of phenols, flavonoids, coumarins, alkaloids and lignans as the major classes of secondary metabolites. The extract was found rich in total phenolics content (TPC) and total flavonoids content (TFC) with identification of total 59 bioactives in UPLC-QTOF-MS and 40 compounds in GC-MS analysis. The extract was found nontoxic up to 4000 mg/kg (p.o.) in mice and no mortality observed in brine shrimp lethality assay. The HAEJv significantly reduced number of acetic acid induced abdominal constrictions at 100 mg/kg (p < 0.01) and 200 mg/kg (p < 0.001) and increased paw withdrawal threshold p < 0.05 at 100 mg/kg and p < 0.001 at 200 mg/kg, and an increase in tail withdrawal latency time p < 0.001 at 200 mg/kg was observed. The extract significantly increased levels of catalase, SOD and GSH while decreased IL-1β and TNF-α levels in sciatic nerve tissue of mice. HAEJv showed highest antioxidant activity through CUPRAC method 121.32 ± 1.22 mg trolox equivalent per gram of dry extract (mg TE/g DE) followed by DPPH 81.334 ± 4.35 mg TE/g DE, FRAP 69.89 ± 3.05 mg TE/g DE and ABTS 38.17 ± 2.12 mg TE/g DE. CONCLUSION The current study back the traditional use of J. vahlii in pain cessation through antioxidant based antineuropathic pain activity and revealed the extract non-toxic with number of functional phytoconstituents and warrants further research on isolation of the compounds and sub-acute toxicity studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Basit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
| | - Saeed Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
| | - Kashif Ur Rehman Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Abid Naeem
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Muhammad Usman
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Imtiaz Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nadeem Shahzad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Li Z, Chen X, Liu G, Li J, Zhang J, Cao Y, Miao J. Antioxidant Activity and Mechanism of Resveratrol and Polydatin Isolated from Mulberry ( Morus alba L.). Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26247574. [PMID: 34946655 PMCID: PMC8709137 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural stilbenes have unique physiological effects, such as anti-senile dementia, anti-cancer, anti-bacterial, lowering blood lipid, and other important biological functions, which have attracted great attention from scholars in recent years. In this study, two stilbene compounds, resveratrol (RES) and polydatin (PD), were isolated from Mulberry (Morus alba L.), and their antioxidant activity and mechanism were investigated. The results showed that the contents of RES and PD in mulberry roots were 32.45 and 3.15 μg/g, respectively, significantly higher than those in mulberry fruits (0.48 and 0.0020 μg/g) and mulberry branches (5.70 and 0.33 μg/g). Both RES and PD showed high antioxidant potential by DPPH, ABTS free-scavenging methods, and ORAC assay, and provided protection against oxidative damage in HepG2 cells by increased catalase (CAT) activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and Glutathione (GSH) content, and decreasing generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Therefore, RES and PD treatment could be effective for attenuating AAPH-induced oxidative stress in HepG2 cells. This study will promote the development and application of stilbene compounds. Furthermore, the RES and PD could be used as antioxidant supplements in functional foods, cosmetics, or pharmaceuticals, contributing to health improvement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Z.L.); (X.C.); (G.L.); (J.L.); (Y.C.)
| | - Xiaoman Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Z.L.); (X.C.); (G.L.); (J.L.); (Y.C.)
| | - Guo Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Z.L.); (X.C.); (G.L.); (J.L.); (Y.C.)
| | - Jun Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Z.L.); (X.C.); (G.L.); (J.L.); (Y.C.)
| | - Jinglin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing 100048, China
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (J.M.); Tel.: +86-10-68985382 (J.Z.); +86-20-85286234 (J.M.)
| | - Yong Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Z.L.); (X.C.); (G.L.); (J.L.); (Y.C.)
| | - Jianyin Miao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Z.L.); (X.C.); (G.L.); (J.L.); (Y.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing 100048, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi University for Nationalities, Nanning 530006, China
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (J.M.); Tel.: +86-10-68985382 (J.Z.); +86-20-85286234 (J.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Wang L, Wang Z, Xing Y, Liu E, Gao X, Wang L, Fu Z. Biomarkers and Mechanism Analysis for Polygoni Multiflori Radix Preparata-Induced Liver Injury by UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS-Based Metabolomics. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2021; 2021:7677392. [PMID: 34858511 PMCID: PMC8632464 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7677392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polygonum Multiflorum Radix Preparata (PMP), prepared from Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. (PM), is traditionally valued for its liver and kidney-tonifying effects. However, the previous studies showed that PMP was hepatotoxic, which limited its clinical use. Unfortunately, the potential hepatotoxic ingredients and the molecular mechanism are still uncertain. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to find out potential biomarkers of hepatotoxicity using metabolomics profile. MATERIALS AND METHODS 60% ethanol extract of PMP (PMPE) was prepared. Subsequently, an untargeted metabolomics technology in combination with ROC curve analysis method was applied to investigate the alteration of plasma metabolites in rats after oral administration of PMPE (40 g/kg/d) for 28 days. RESULTS Compared to the control group, the significant difference in metabolic profiling was observed in the PMPE-induced liver injury group, and sixteen highly specific biomarkers were identified. These metabolites were mainly enriched into bile acids, lipids, and energy metabolisms, indicating that PMPE-induced liver injury could be related to cholestasis and dysregulated lipid metabolism. CONCLUSIONS This study is contributed to understand the potential pathogenesis of PMP-induced liver injury. The metabonomic method may be a valuable tool for the clinical diagnosis of PMP-induced liver injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Zhida Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yanchao Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Erwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xiumei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300250, China
| | - Zhifei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Chen W, Wang P, Chen H, Xing Y, Liu C, Pan G, Dou Z, Han L. The composition differences between small black beans and big black beans from different habitats and its effects on the processing of Polygonum multiflorum. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2021; 32:767-779. [PMID: 33336449 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The roots of Polygonum multiflorum (PM) serve as a classical traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which has multiple biological activities. However, many cases of hepatotoxicity in PM have been reported in recent years. Processing PM with black beans decoction is one of the typical processing methods to reduce the hepatotoxicity of PM since ancient times. OBJECTIVES To find potential effective constituents, as well as the optimal variety and origin of black beans for the processing of PM. METHODS Based on ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography Q-Orbitrap mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS) analysis, we measured the contents of the two potential toxic compounds (emodin-8-O-glucoside and torachrysone-O-hexose) in raw PM (R-PM), PM processed with big black beans (B-PM) and PM processed with small black beans (S-PM). The flow cytometry method analysed the effects of different processed products of PM on apoptosis of L02 cells in different drug concentration. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1 H-NMR) and UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS together with multivariate statistical analysis were used to systematically analyse the different components between small black beans (Small-BB) and big black beans (Big-BB) from 30 different habitats. RESULTS The toxicity was ranked from small to large: S-PM < B-PM < R-PM. Processing PM with black beans could significantly decrease the apoptosis rate of L02 cells, especially when the drug concentration is 80 μg/mL. Besides, we find five differential compounds (α-arabinose, α-galactose, proline, isomer of daidzein and isomer of genistein) may be potential active ingredients. In terms of the black beans collected from 30 producing areas, we find that Small-BB from Weifang in Shandong province was optimum to processing PM, followed by Shangqiu in Henan province, Jilin and Liaoning province. CONCLUSION The ingredients that affect the processing of PM may be attributed to α-arabinose, α-galactose, proline, isomer of daidzein and isomer of genistein in black beans. When the drug concentration is higher, the effect of reducing the hepatotoxicity of PM is better. Besides, Small-BB was more effective than Big-BB for reducing the toxicity of PM, especially Small-BB from Weifang in Shandong, Shangqiu in Henan province and northeast China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wanning Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Piao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongxi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanchao Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Caixiang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Centre for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Guixiang Pan
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhiying Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Lifeng Han
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Shi B, Ding H, Wang L, Wang C, Tian X, Fu Z, Zhang L, Han L. Investigation on the stability in plant metabolomics with a special focus on freeze-thaw cycles: LC-MS and NMR analysis to Cassiae Semen (Cassia obtusifolia L.) seeds as a case study. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 204:114243. [PMID: 34273658 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Metabolomics is a rapid and sensitive tool for the detection of dynamic metabolic compositions in the study of systemic metabolic consequences. However, it is also susceptible to a tiny variation of pre-analytical handling procedures. To provide reproducible results, specific knowledge on metabolites perturbance along with different freeze-thaw cycles (FTCs) is needed for further metabolomics studies. In this paper, five FTCs of germinated Cassiae Semen (CS) were chosen as a case study to investigate the influence of FTC effect based on UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS and NMR technologies. A total of 108 metabolites were relatively quantified by LC-MS and NMR analyses. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the first and second FTC samples are welly separated from the other groups; however, the extent of FTC-induced effects are smaller after the third cycle. Upon five consecutive FTCs, alterations which consisted of decreased stachyose, sucrose, norrubrofusarin-6-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, and quercetin 3-(3″-acetylgalactoside), as well as increased phenylalanine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine, phenylalanine, mannose, gluconic acid, and valine, could be observed. FTC does not exert the same effect on all metabolites. Although a large number of secondary metabolites were stable when subjected to five FTCs, FTC effects may lead to false-positive in the discovery of biomarker. In the case of reusing plant seed samples, no more than three consecutive freeze-thaw cycles were found advisable. This work provides unique perspectives on the FTC effects, which may fill in some existing gaps in the knowledge of the stability of plant metabolites during sample pre-handling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Biru Shi
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Hui Ding
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Liming Wang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, PR China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Chenxi Wang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, PR China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Xiaoxuan Tian
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Zhifei Fu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, PR China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Lihua Zhang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, PR China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, PR China.
| | - Lifeng Han
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, PR China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Wang C, Xing Y, Ding H, Wang P, Zhang L, Fu Z, Han L, Pang X. Multiple component-pharmacokinetic studies on 10 bioactive constituents of Peiyuan Tongnao capsule using parallel reaction monitoring mode. Biomed Chromatogr 2021; 35:e5153. [PMID: 33931876 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Peiyuan Tongnao capsule (PTC) plays an important role in clinical application due to its excellent curative efficacy in the treatment of ischemic stroke and chronic cerebral circulation insufficiency. To standardize and rationalize the clinical application of PTC, a rapid and sensitive method based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole-Orbitrap mass spectrometry with parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) mode was developed and validated for the pharmacokinetic (PK) study. Ten bioactive compounds (aucubin, salidroside, echinacoside, paeoniflorin, verbascoside, liquiritin, 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxy stilbene-2-O-β-d-glucoside, coumarin, glycyrrhizic acid, and emodin) were simultaneously determined in rat plasma. All calibration curves exhibited good linearity (r2 > 0.99). The lower limits of quantification were 0.082-13.291 ng mL-1 . The intra- and inter-day precision was 0.54-12.36%, whereas the intra- and inter-day accuracy ranged from 100.45 to 114.00%. The mean extraction recoveries were 81.77-117.66%, and the average matrix effects (MEs) were 86.23-109.96%. The high extraction recoveries and acceptable MEs indicated that the pretreatment method was feasible. And the stability was acceptable under various storage conditions and processing procedures. The validated method was successfully applied to the multiple components-PK studies, which lay the foundation for further pharmacological and clinical research of PTC and may provide a reference for other traditional Chinese medicines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanchao Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Hui Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Ping Wang
- The Henan Lingrui Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Xinyang, China
| | - Lihua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhifei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Lifeng Han
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xu Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Guo F, Tsao R, Wang X, Jiang L, Sun Y, Xiong H. Phenolics of Yellow Pea ( Pisum sativum L.) Hulls, Their Plasma and Urinary Metabolites, Organ Distribution, and In Vivo Antioxidant Activities. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:5013-5025. [PMID: 33905244 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c00713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
As a byproduct, large amounts of yellow pea hull (YPH) are used as low-value or worthless feed worldwide each year, which is a major waste of these polyphenol-rich hulls. The metabolism, bioavailability, and in vivo activities of these polyphenols have not been reported. In the present study, the chemical profiles of YPH extract, their metabolites, and organ distribution were analyzed with UHPLC-LTQ-OrbiTrap-MS, and their in vivo antioxidant activities were studied using the d-gal model in rats. In summary, a total of 42 ingredients were identified in YPH extracts, and 54 metabolites were found in plasma or urine samples. The distribution of metabolites in plasma and organs may have a positive effect on SOD, GSH-Px, MDA, and T-AOC, and the liver and kidneys were the main distribution organs of these metabolites. Our results are of great significance for the development and utilization of the polyphenol-rich hull of yellow pea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fanghua Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Rong Tsao
- Guelph Research and Development Centre, Agricultural and Agri-Food Canada, 93 Stone Road West, Guelph, ON N1G 5C9, Canada
| | - Xiaoya Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, China
| | - Yong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Hua Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Wang D, Wang XH, Yu X, Cao F, Cai X, Chen P, Li M, Feng Y, Li H, Wang X. Pharmacokinetics of Anthraquinones from Medicinal Plants. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:638993. [PMID: 33935728 PMCID: PMC8082241 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.638993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthraquinones are bioactive natural products, some of which are active components in medicinal medicines, especially Chinese medicines. These compounds exert actions including purgation, anti-inflammation, immunoregulation, antihyperlipidemia, and anticancer effects. This study aimed to review the pharmacokinetics (PKs) of anthraquinones, which are importantly associated with their pharmacological and toxicological effects. Anthraquinones are absorbed mainly in intestines. The absorption rates of free anthraquinones are faster than those of their conjugated glycosides because of the higher liposolubility. A fluctuation in blood concentration and two absorption peaks of anthraquinones may result from the hepato-intestinal circulation, reabsorption, and transformation. Anthraquinones are widely distributed throughout the body, mainly in blood-flow rich organs and tissues, such as blood, intestines, stomach, liver, lung, kidney, and fat. The metabolic pathways of anthraquinones are hydrolysis, glycuronidation, sulfation, methylation/demethylation, hydroxylation/dehydroxylation, oxidation/reduction (hydrogenation), acetylation and esterification by intestinal flora and liver metabolic enzymes, among which hydrolysis, glycuronidation and sulfation are dominant. Of note, anthraquinones can be transformed into each other. The main excretion routes for anthraquinones are the kidney, recta, and gallbladder. Conclusion: Some anthraquinones and their glycosides, such as aloe-emodin, chrysophanol, emodin, physcion, rhein and sennosides, have attracted the most PK research interest due to their more biological activities and/or detectability. Anthraquinones are mainly absorbed in the intestines and are mostly distributed in blood flow-rich tissues and organs. Transformation into another anthraquinone may increase the blood concentration of the latter, leading to an increased pharmacological and/or toxicological effect. Drug-drug interactions influencing PK may provide insights into drug compatibility theory to enhance or reduce pharmacological/toxicological effects in Chinese medicine formulae and deserve deep investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongpeng Wang
- Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Pharmacology, Oncology Center, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research and School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Xian-He Wang
- Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Pharmacology, Oncology Center, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Xiongjie Yu
- Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Pharmacology, Oncology Center, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Fengjun Cao
- Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Pharmacology, Oncology Center, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Xiaojun Cai
- Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Pharmacology, Oncology Center, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Pharmacology, Oncology Center, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Minglun Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Yibin Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hongliang Li
- Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Pharmacology, Oncology Center, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research and School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Xuanbin Wang
- Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Pharmacology, Oncology Center, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research and School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Zhao Y, Chu S, Gui S, Qin Y, Xu R, Shan T, Peng H. Tissue-specific metabolite profiling of Fallopia multiflora (Heshouwu) and Fallopia multiflora var. angulata by mass spectrometry imaging and laser microdissection combined with UPLC-Q/TOF-MS. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 200:114070. [PMID: 33878622 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Heshouwu, derived from root tubers of Fallopia multiflora (Thunb.) Harald., is a well-known herb used for millennia in traditional Chinese medicine. However, different forms of root tubers of Heshouwu have occurred in current Chinese herbal market and used in clinic, although it is still unknown whether their quality is consistent. In the present study, a mass spectrometry imaging and laser microdissection combined with UPLC-Q/TOF-MS were therefore used for the metabolite profiling on the whole and different parts of root tubers of F. multiflora and F. multiflora var. angulata. Our results suggested that the character of "woody heart" root tubers of F. multiflora was similar to that of F. multiflora var. angulata, but the latter had more phloem fibers and larger diameter vessel in the normal vascular bundle. Moreover, 140 compounds including stilbenes, anthraquinones, phenolic acids, naphthalenes, and other compounds were identified or putatively characterized from F. multiflora and F. multiflora var. angulata. Both unsupervised principal component analysis (PCA) and supervised Orthogonal Partial Least Squares Discrimination Analysis (OPLS-DA) multivariate statistics allowed discriminating F. multiflora and F. multiflora var. angulata. And a total of 32 potential markers were identified. The tissue-specific study indicated that the compounds in the phelloderm of F. multiflora and F. multiflora var. angulata were the most abundant. This is the first study on metabolite profiling and comparison of root tubers between F. multiflora and F. multiflora var. angulata, which would provide reasonable basis for further quality evaluation and safe medication of F. multiflora.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yujiao Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, PR China
| | - Shanshan Chu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, PR China
| | - Shuangying Gui
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, PR China.
| | - Yuejian Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, PR China
| | - Rui Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, PR China
| | - Tingyu Shan
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, PR China
| | - Huasheng Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, PR China; National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, PR China; Research Unit of DAO-DI Herbs, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU57, Beijing 100700, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Wu H, Cao Y, Qu Y, Li T, Wang J, Yang Y, Zhang C, Sun Y. Integrating UPLC-QE-Orbitrap-MS technology and network pharmacological method to reveal the mechanism of Bailemian capsule to relieve insomnia. Nat Prod Res 2021; 36:2554-2558. [PMID: 33729065 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2021.1900176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Bailemian capsule (BLMC) is a Chinese patent drug for treating insomnia with excellent curative effects. But there are few researches on it. In this research, a rapid separation and identification method using UPLC-QE-Orbitrap-MS was established, and 228 identified compounds were separated within 18 min. The structures of compounds were preliminarily determined by comparing the retention time and fragmentation law. Furthermore, multiple databases were used to integrate the compound targets of BLMC and the disease targets related to insomnia. After the intersection of the two sets of targets, a protein-protein interaction network and a drug-target-disease pharmacological network were established, then using the DAVID database to perform GO analysis and KEGG analysis on the common targets to find related pathways. Finally, a total of 289 common targets and 136 pathways were found to participate in the mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yijia Cao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxia Qu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tianyi Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuwei Yang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chenning Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yikun Sun
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Overview of Pharmacokinetics and Liver Toxicities of Radix Polygoni Multiflori. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:toxins12110729. [PMID: 33233441 PMCID: PMC7700391 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12110729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Radix Polygoni Multiflori (RPM), a traditional Chinese medicine, has been used as a tonic and an anti-aging remedy for centuries. However, its safe and effective application in clinical practice could be hindered by its liver injury potential and lack of investigations on its hepatotoxicity mechanism. Our current review aims to provide a comprehensive overview and a critical assessment of the absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion of RPM, and their relationships with its induced liver injury. Based on the well-reported intrinsic liver toxicity of emodin, one of the major components in RPM, it is concluded that its plasma and liver concentrations could attribute to RPM induced liver injury via metabolic enzymes alteration, hepatocyte apoptosis, bile acids homeostasis disruption, and inflammatory damage. Co-administered 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucopyranoside in RPM and other drugs/herbs could further aggravate the hepatotoxicity of emodin via enhancing its absorption and inhibiting its metabolism. To ensure the safe clinical use of RPM, a better understanding of the toxicokinetics and effect of its co-occurring components or other co-administered drugs/herbs on the pharmacokinetics of emodin is warranted.
Collapse
|
30
|
Yang L, Fang Y, Liu R, He J. Phytochemical Analysis, Anti-inflammatory, and Antioxidant Activities of Dendropanax dentiger Roots. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:5084057. [PMID: 33294445 PMCID: PMC7700040 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5084057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Dendropanax dentiger root is a traditional medicinal plant in China and used to treat inflammatory diseases for centuries, but its phytochemical profiling and biological functions are still unknown. Thus, a rapid, efficient, and precise method based on ultra high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS) was applied to rapidly analyse the phytochemical profiling of D. dentiger with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities in vitro. As a result, a total of 78 chemical compositions, including 15 phenylpropanoids, 15 alkaloids, 14 flavonoids, 14 fatty acids, 7 phenols, 4 steroids, 4 cyclic peptides, 3 terpenoids, and 2 others, were identified or tentatively characterized in the roots of D. dentiger. Moreover, alkaloid and cyclic peptide were reported from D. dentiger for the first time. In addition, the ethanol crude extract of D. dentiger roots exhibited remarkable anti-inflammatory activity against cyclooxygenase- (COX-) 2 inhibitory and antioxidant activities in vitro. This study is the first to explore the phytochemical analysis and COX-2 inhibitory activity of D. dentiger. This study can provide important phytochemical profiles and biological functions for the application of D. dentiger roots as a new source of natural COX-2 inhibitors and antioxidants in pharmaceutical industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Yiwei Fang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Ronghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Junwei He
- Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Advances in the Study of the Potential Hepatotoxic Components and Mechanism of Polygonum multiflorum. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:6489648. [PMID: 33062019 PMCID: PMC7545463 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6489648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The roots of Polygonum multiflorum (PM) (He Shou Wu in Chinese) are one of the most commonly used tonic traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) in China. PM is traditionally valued for its antiaging, liver- and kidney-tonifying, and hair-blackening effects. However, an increasing number of hepatotoxicity cases induced by PM attract the attention of scholars worldwide. Thus far, the potential liver injury compounds and the mechanism are still uncertain. The aim of this review is to provide comprehensive information on the potential hepatotoxic components and mechanism of PM based on the scientific literature. Moreover, perspectives for future investigations of hepatotoxic components are discussed. This study will build a new foundation for further study on the hepatotoxic components and mechanism of PM.
Collapse
|
32
|
Wang Y, Zhang L, Gu S, Yin Z, Shi Z, Wang P, Xu C. The Current Application of LC-MS/MS in Pharmacokinetics of Traditional Chinese Medicines (Recent Three Years): A Systematic Review. Curr Drug Metab 2020; 21:969-978. [PMID: 33038908 DOI: 10.2174/1389200221666201009142418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With significant clinical effects, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been attracting increasing interest of the world's scientific community. However, TCM contains immense amounts of chemical components. It is a great challenge to objectively evaluate the correlation between the in vivo process and the therapeutic effect of TCM. The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the recent investigation (from 2017 to 2019) on preclinical pharmacokinetics (PK) of TCM via liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). METHODS We reviewed the published articles regarding the PK of TCM by LC-MS/MS. In addition, we summarized information on PK parameter of bioactive components, single herb and traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions. RESULTS The vast majority of literature on preclinical PK of TCM uses single oral administration, the biological matrix is mostly rat plasma, and the main PK parameters include AUC, Cmax, Tmax and T1/2, etc. Conclusion: Although LC-MS/MS can be used for high-throughput analysis, the characterization of in vivo processes of TCM still has a long way. With the advantages of high sensitivity, high specificity and simple operation, the increasingly mature LC-MS/MS technology will play an important role in the PK study of TCM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300112, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- College of Food Science & Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Shuang Gu
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300112, China
| | - Zhaorui Yin
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300112, China
| | - Zhe Shi
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300112, China
| | - Ping Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Changhua Xu
- College of Food Science & Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Li HY, Yang JB, Li WF, Qiu CX, Hu G, Wang ST, Song YF, Gao HY, Liu Y, Wang Q, Wang Y, Cheng XL, Wei F, Jin HT, Ma SC. In vivo hepatotoxicity screening of different extracts, components, and constituents of Polygoni Multiflori Thunb. in zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 131:110524. [PMID: 33152900 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. (PM) is a traditional Chinese medicine, commonly used to treat a variety of diseases. However, the hepatotoxicity associated with PM hampers its clinical application and development. In this study, we refined the zebrafish hepatotoxicity model with regard to the following endpoints: liver size, liver gray value, and the area of yolk sac. The levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate transaminase, albumin, and microRNAs-122 were evaluated to verify the model. Subsequently, this model was used to screen different extracts, components, and constituents of PM, including 70 % EtOH extracts of PM, four fractions from macroporous resin (components A, B, C, and D), and 19 compounds from component D. We found that emodin, chrysophanol, emodin-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, (cis)-emodin-emodin dianthrones, and (trans)-emodin-emodin dianthrones showed higher hepatotoxicity compared to other components in PM, whereas polyphenols showed lower hepatotoxicity. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to identify that dianthrones may account for the hepatotoxicity of PM. We believe that these findings will be helpful in regulating the hepatotoxicity of PM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Ying Li
- New Drug Safety Evaluation Center, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jian-Bo Yang
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Wan-Fang Li
- New Drug Safety Evaluation Center, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Cai-Xia Qiu
- New Drug Safety Evaluation Center, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Guang Hu
- New Drug Safety Evaluation Center, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Shu-Ting Wang
- New Drug Safety Evaluation Center, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yun-Fei Song
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Hui-Yu Gao
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xian-Long Cheng
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Feng Wei
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Hong-Tao Jin
- New Drug Safety Evaluation Center, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China; Beijing Union-Genius Pharmaceutical Technology Co. Ltd, Beijing, 100176, China.
| | - Shuang-Cheng Ma
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, 100050, China.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Ma X, Wu Y, Li Y, Huang Y, Liu Y, Luo P, Zhang Z. Rapid discrimination of Notopterygium incisum and Notopterygium franchetii based on characteristic compound profiles detected by UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS coupled with multivariate analysis. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2020; 31:355-365. [PMID: 31908072 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The herbs Notopterygium incisum (NI) and N. franchetii (NF) are referred to as "Qianghuo" in the Chinese Pharmacopeia and are popular for treatment of certain conditions, including headaches, rheumatoid arthritis and the common cold. Recently, several adulterations of NI and NF have been found in the Chinese herbal market. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to rapidly identify the unique characteristic compounds of NI and NF, to discriminate Qianghuo from its adulterations. METHODOLOGY Twenty-four batches of NI and NF samples with different origins were collected and extracted with methanol. The extracts were analysed using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS). Principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial squared discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were then used to distinguish between NI and NF and to identify their potential characteristic markers. RESULTS Fifty compounds were identified or tentatively characterised according to the retention time, m/z value and MS/MS fragment analysis. Six compounds were selected as potential markers of NI and NF by PCA and OPLS-DA. They were successfully applied to authenticate 17 kinds of Chinese patent medicines containing Qianghuo. The markers could not be detected in three of the Chinese patent medicines, indicating that they were counterfeit products. CONCLUSION The UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS coupled with the multivariate analysis method could discriminate NI and NF from their adulterations. Moreover, the data clearly demonstrated significant differences in the chemical compositions of NI and NF. Further research is needed to examine the relationship between therapeutic efficacy and the chemical constituents of NI and NF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobing Ma
- Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Youjiao Wu
- State Key Laboratories for Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Ying Li
- Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yanfei Huang
- Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Pei Luo
- State Key Laboratories for Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Zhifeng Zhang
- Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
- State Key Laboratories for Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Simultaneous Determination of 13 Constituents of Radix Polygoni Multiflori in Rat Plasma and Its Application in a Pharmacokinetic Study. Int J Anal Chem 2020; 2020:4508374. [PMID: 32190053 PMCID: PMC7072103 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4508374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Radix Polygoni Multiflori (RPM) has been widely used to treat various diseases in Asian countries for many centuries. Although, stilbenes and anthraquinones, two major components of RPM, show various bioactive effects, it has been speculated that the idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity induced by RPM may be related to these constituents. However, information on the pharmacokinetics of stilbenes and anthraquinones at a subtoxic dose of RPM is limited. A simple and sensitive UPLC-MS/MS bioanalytical method for the simultaneous determination of 13 ingredients of RPM, including chrysophanol, emodin, aloe-emodin, rhein, physcion, questin, citreorosein, questinol, 2,3,5,4′-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside, torachrysone-8-O-glucoside, chrysophanol-8-O-β-D-glucoside, emodin-8-O-β-D-glucoside, and physcion-8-O-β-D-glucoside, in rat plasma was established. Acetonitrile was employed to precipitate the plasma with appropriate sensitivity and acceptable matrix effects. Chromatographic separation was performed using a waters HSS C18 column with a gradient elution using water and acetonitrile both containing 0.025% formic acid within a run time of 9 min. The constituents were detected in negative ionization mode using multiple reaction monitoring. The method was fully validated in terms of selectivity, linearity, accuracy, precision, recovery, matrix effects, and stability. The lower limit of quantitation of the analytes was 0.1–1 ng/mL. The intrabatch and interbatch accuracies were 87.1–109%, and the precision was within the acceptable limits. The method was applied to a pharmacokinetic study after oral administration of RPM extract to rats at a subtoxic dose of 36 g/kg.
Collapse
|
36
|
Ma XK, Li XF, Zhang JY, Lei J, Li WW, Wang G. Analysis of the Volatile Components in Selaginella doederleinii by Headspace Solid Phase Microextraction-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Molecules 2019; 25:molecules25010115. [PMID: 31892247 PMCID: PMC6982779 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25010115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Selaginella doederleinii (SD) is a perennial medicinal herb widely distributed in China. In this study, the volatile components of SD from two regions (24 batches), namely Zhejiang and Guizhou, were determined by combining headspace solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC-MS). After investigating different influence factors, the optimal conditions for extraction were as follows: The sample amount of 1 g, the polydimethylsiloxane-divinylbenzene (PDMS-DVB) fiber of 65 µm, the extraction time of 20 min, and the extraction temperature of 100 °C. Based on the above optimum conditions, 58 volatiles compounds, including 20 terpenes, 11 alkanes, 3 alcohols, 6 ketones, 3 esters, 11 aldehydes, 1 ether, 1 aromatic, 1 phenol, and 1 furan, were found and identified in SD. Furthermore, hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis were successfully applied to distinguish the chemical constituents of SD from two regions. Additionally, anethol, zingerone, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, ledene, hexyl hexanoate, α-cadinol, phytone, hinesol, decanal, octadecene, cedren, 7-tetradecene, copaene, β-humulene, 2-butyl-2-octenal, tetradecane, cedrol, calacorene, 6-dodecanone, β-caryophyllene, 4-oxoisophorone, γ-nonanolactone, 2-pentylfuran, 1,2-epoxyhexadecane, carvacrol, n-pentadecane, diisobutyl phthalate, farnesene, n-heptadecane, linalool, 1-octen-3-ol, phytane, and β-asarone were selected as the potential markers for discriminating SD from 24 habitats in Zhejiang and Guizhou by partial least squares discrimination analysis (PLS-DA). This study revealed the differences in the components of SD from different regions, which could provide a reference for the future quality evaluation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xian-kui Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, China
| | - Xiao-fei Li
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, China
| | - Jian-yong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, China
| | - Jie Lei
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, China
| | - Wei-wei Li
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, China
| | - Gang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-851-2861-9353
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Yang L, Liu RH, He JW. Rapid Analysis of the Chemical Compositions in Semiliquidambar cathayensis Roots by Ultra High-Performance Liquid Chromatography and Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Molecules 2019; 24:E4098. [PMID: 31766221 PMCID: PMC6891699 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24224098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Semiliquidambar cathayensis Chang was a traditional medicinal plant and used to treat rheumatism arthritis and rheumatic arthritis for centuries in China with no scientific validation, while only 15 components were reported. Thus, a rapid, efficient, and precise method based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS) was applied in both positive- and negative-ion modes to rapidly analysis the main chemical compositions in S. cathayensis for the first time. Finally, a total of 85 chemical compositions, including 35 alkaloids, 12 flavonoids, 7 terpenoids, 5 phenylpropanoids, 9 fatty acids, 7 cyclic peptides, and 10 others were identified or tentatively characterized in the roots of S. cathayensis based on the accurate mass within 5 ppm error. Moreover, alkaloid, flavonoid, phenylpropanoid, and cyclic peptide were reported from S. cathayensis for the first time. This rapid and sensitive method was highly useful to comprehend the chemical compositions and will provide scientific basis for further study on the material basis, mechanism and clinical application of S. cathayensis roots.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Nanchang 330004, China;
| | - Rong-Hua Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Jun-Wei He
- Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Su X, Wu Y, Li Y, Huang Y, Liu Y, Luo P, Zhang Z. Effect of Different Post-Harvest Processing Methods on the Chemical Constituents of Notopterygium franchetii by an UHPLC-QTOF-MS-MS Metabolomics Approach. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24173188. [PMID: 31480764 PMCID: PMC6749590 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24173188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Notopterygium franchetii is a herb used in traditional Chinese medicine, where it is known as qianghuo. Its bioactive qualities are influenced by the post-harvest processing methods used (such as drying). However, changes in chemical components according to the drying method are unknown. Fresh roots and rhizomes of N. franchetii were subjected to seven drying methods. Chromatography-mass spectrometry combined with targeted and untargeted analyses were used to investigate relationships between drying methods and chemical concentrations. According to targeted evaluations of the six main bioactive constituents, their total contents decreased significantly in all drying methods. Hierarchical clustering analysis of the drying methods and total metabolome detected 30 chemical constituents, for which heap maps were obtained. Hot air drying was the best processing method, producing the least chemical changes at the lowest cost, while shade drying caused the greatest chemical changes. In conclusion, the wide range of chemical changes in N. franchetii caused by drying was investigated. Such changes potentially affect the quality of herbal medicines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Su
- Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Youjiao Wu
- State Key Laboratories for Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 853, China
| | - Ying Li
- Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yanfei Huang
- Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Pei Luo
- State Key Laboratories for Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 853, China
| | - Zhifeng Zhang
- Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China.
- State Key Laboratories for Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 853, China.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Wu H, Lu M, He J, Huang M, Zheng A, Zhang M, Wen C, Ye J. Determination and pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of O-demethyl nuciferine in mice by UPLC–MS/MS. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2019. [DOI: 10.1556/1326.2018.00459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haiya Wu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Mengrou Lu
- Cellular Biomedicine Group (Shanghai), Inc., 333 Guiping Road, Xuhui, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Jiamin He
- Analytical and Testing Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Miaoling Huang
- Analytical and Testing Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Aote Zheng
- Analytical and Testing Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Meiling Zhang
- Analytical and Testing Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Congcong Wen
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Wenzhou Medical University, 325035 Wenzhou, China
| | - Jufen Ye
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second People's Hospital of Lishui, Lishui 323000, China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Luo Y, Li L, Cai J, Ma J, Liu L, Wang X, Jin C. Determination of RKI-1447 in rat plasma by UPLC–MS/MS and investigation on its pharmacokinetics, an effective ROCK1 and ROCK2 inhibitor. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2019. [DOI: 10.1556/1326.2018.00457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Luo
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Liyi Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Jinzhang Cai
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Jianshe Ma
- Analytical and Testing Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Le Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Xianqin Wang
- Analytical and Testing Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Chun Jin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Tao Y, Zhou X, Li W, Cai B. Simultaneous Quantitation of Five Bioactive Ingredients in Raw and Processed Fallopia multiflora by Employing UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS. J Chromatogr Sci 2019; 57:618-624. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmz035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Fallopia multiflora is used for treatment of premature graying hair and blood deficiency. In this study, a quantitative method was developed for determination of five bioactive components (emodin, 2,3,5,4′-tetrahydroxy-stilbene- 2-Ο-β-d-glucoside, emodin-8-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, ω-hydroxyemodin and kaempferol) in raw and processed F. multiflora by using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC)-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry-based method. The sample handling procedure was optimized. Chromatographic separation was carried out on a Thermo Syncronis AQ-C18 UHPLC column with mobile phase consisting of 0.01% aqueous formic acid and acetonitrile. The method was interrogated in terms of linearity, precision, stability and recovery tests. All calibration curves displayed good linearity (R2 > 0.9992). The limit of detection and limit of quantification of these components ranged from 0.01 to 0.03 μg/mL and from 0.03 to 0.07 μg/mL, respectively. The average recoveries of these components were from 98.2 to 102.9% with relative standard deviation values from 0.8 to 2.9% for F. multiflora. The developed method can be applied to quality control of raw and processed F. multiflora.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Tao
- Department of Chinese Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoping Zhou
- Department of Chinese Medicine Processing, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Weidong Li
- Department of Chinese Medicine Processing, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Baochang Cai
- Department of Chinese Medicine Processing, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Wei J, Chen J, Fu L, Han L, Gao X, Sarhene M, Hu L, Zhang Y, Fan G. Polygonum multiflorum Thunb suppress bile acid synthesis by activating Fxr-Fgf15 signaling in the intestine. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 235:472-480. [PMID: 30528660 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Polygonum multiflorum Thunb (Heshouwu, HSW) is commonly used in clinical medicine, while the hepatotoxicities of HSW are reported increasingly in recent years. Currently, researchers have demonstrated an essential role of Bile Acids (BAs) in liver diseases. The occurrence of hepatotoxicity cases linked to HSW are characterized by jaundice and cholestasis, suggesting an interaction that between BAs and HSW AIM OF THE STUDY: This study was designed to investigate the HSW-induced liver functional and histological changes in mice and the role of HSW on bile acid synthesis, metabolism, clearance and intestinal absorption. MATERIALS AND METHODS The mice were intragastrically (i.g.) given HSW at doses of 1.275 and 3.825 g/kg (Crude extracts /body weight) once a day for seven days. Liver function was evaluated by measuring the serum levels of enzymes and analyzing the liver histology. The LC/MS analysis was performed to quantify BAs from liver, ileum and serum. Moreover, the expression of bile metabolic-related transporters and metabolic enzymes at both protein and mRNA levels were observed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. RESULTS Oral administration of HSW for 7 days could not cause liver damage. A significant change was observed for the concentrations of liver and serum BAs in treatment groups compared with normal control. The mRNA expression levels of bile acid excretory transporter (Bsep) and basolateral uptake transporter (Ntcp) were increased with the development of HSW. The concentrations of unconjugated BAs increased in mice intestines after the administration of HSW. Western blot and qRT-PCR analyses showed that HSW upregulated the protein and mRNA expression of Shp and Fgf15 in the ileum of the mice. CONCLUSION HSW treatment for 7days did not cause liver damage. HSW accelerated bile acid enterohepatic circulation and changed the composition of intestinal BAs, leding to the activation of Fxr-Fgf15 signal in intestines, and further inhibited the expression of Cyp7a1 in the liver.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wei
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, #312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China; Medical Experiment Center, The First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingrui Chen
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, #312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Lingling Fu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, #312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Lifeng Han
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, #312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Xiumei Gao
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, #312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Michael Sarhene
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, #312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Limin Hu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, #312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Youcai Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai Disctrict, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Guanwei Fan
- Medical Experiment Center, The First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Han L, Wang P, Wang Y, Zhao Q, Zheng F, Dou Z, Yang W, Hu L, Liu C. Rapid Discovery of the Potential Toxic Compounds in Polygonum multiflorum by UHPLC/Q-Orbitrap-MS-Based Metabolomics and Correlation Analysis. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:329. [PMID: 31057397 PMCID: PMC6477936 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The dry roots of Polygonum multiflorum (PM), involving both the raw and processed materials, are widely used as the traditional Chinese medicine for treating various diseases in China. Hepatotoxicity has been occasionally reported in patients who consume PM. Unfortunately, no definite criteria are currently available regarding the processing technology of PM for reduction the toxicity. In this work, we aimed to investigate the variations of PM metabolite profiles induced by different processing technologies by UHPLC/Q-Orbitrap-MS and multivariate statistical analysis, and to discover the potential toxic compounds by correlating the cytotoxicity of L02 cell with the contents of metabolites in raw and processed PM samples. We could identify two potential toxic compounds, emodin-8-O-glucoside and torachrysone-O-hexose, which could be selected as the toxic markers to evaluate different processing methods. The results indicated all processed PM samples could decrease the cytotoxicity on L02 cell. The best processing technology for PM process was to steam PM in black soybean decoction (BD-PM) for 24 h.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Han
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Centre for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Piao Wang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yulan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Centre for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,Singapore Phenome Centre, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang, Singapore
| | - Qianyu Zhao
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Fang Zheng
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhiying Dou
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenzhi Yang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Limin Hu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Caixiang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Centre for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Yang JB, Liu Y, Wang Q, Ma SC, Wang AG, Cheng XL, Wei F. Characterization and identification of the chemical constituents of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with ultraviolet detection and linear ion trap FT-ICR hybrid mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 172:149-166. [PMID: 31048141 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.03.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Dianthrone derivatives are minor constituents of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. (PM). These derivatives are potential hepatotoxic components in PM. Fraction D6 contains many dianthrone derivatives and was successfully enriched using an efficient three-step approach. An effective and reliable high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique coupled with ultraviolet detection (UV) and a linear ion trap FT-ICR hybrid mass spectrometry (HPLC-UV/LTQ-FT-ICR-MS) method were successfully developed to separate and identify the dianthrones of the fraction D6. The characteristic diagnostic fragment ions and characteristic fragmentation pathway of the seven dianthrone standards, namely, Polygonumnolide B1 (S1), Polygonumnolide C3 (S2), Polygonumnolide C2 (S3), Polygonumnolide E (S4), Polygonumnolide A1 (S5), Polygonumnolide A2 (S6) and cis-emodin dianthrones (S7), were compared with unknown compounds in fraction D6, and 45 dianthrone derivatives were characterized or tentatively identified. Of these derivatives, 32 new dianthrone derivatives were tentatively characterized in PM. Therefore, LTQ-FT-ICR-MS combined with a selective enrichment method provided a powerful means for analyzing dianthrone derivatives. This study provides a meaningful basis for correcting some mistakes in previous studies, as well as further quality control and pharmacological and toxicological research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Bo Yang
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, 100050, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Shuang-Cheng Ma
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Ai-Guo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xian-Long Cheng
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Feng Wei
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, 100050, China.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Nawrot-Hadzik I, Ślusarczyk S, Granica S, Hadzik J, Matkowski A. Phytochemical Diversity in Rhizomes of Three Reynoutria Species and their Antioxidant Activity Correlations Elucidated by LC-ESI-MS/MS Analysis. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24061136. [PMID: 30901974 PMCID: PMC6470775 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24061136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The rhizome of Reynoutria japonica is a well-known traditional herb (Hu zhang) used in East Asia to treat various inflammatory diseases, infections, skin diseases, scald, and hyperlipidemia. It is also one of the richest natural sources of resveratrol. Although, it has been recently included in the European Pharmacopoeia, in Europe it is still an untapped resource. Some of the therapeutic effects are likely to be influenced by its antioxidant properties and this in turn is frequently associated with a high stilbene content. However, compounds other than stilbenes may add to the total antioxidant capacity. Hence, the aim of this research was to examine rhizomes of R. japonica and the less studied but morphologically similar species, R. sachalinensis and R. x bohemica for their phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity and to clarify the relationship between the antioxidant activity and the components by statistical methods. HPLC/UV/ESI-MS studies of three Reynoutria species revealed 171 compounds, comprising stilbenes, carbohydrates, procyanidins, flavan-3-ols, anthraquinones, phenylpropanoids, lignin oligomers, hydroxycinnamic acids, naphthalenes and their derivatives. Our studies confirmed the presence of procyanidins with high degree of polymerization, up to decamers, in the rhizomes of R. japonica and provides new data on the presence of these compounds in other Reynoutria species. A procyanidin trimer digallate was described for the first time in, the studied plants. Moreover, we tentatively identified dianthrone glycosides new for these species and previously unrecorded phenylpropanoid disaccharide esters and hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives. Furthermore, compounds tentatively annotated as lignin oligomers were observed for the first time in the studied species. The rhizomes of all Reynoutria species exhibited strong antioxidant activity. Statistical analysis demonstrated that proanthocyanidins should be considered as important contributors to the total antioxidant capacity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Nawrot-Hadzik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Botany, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Sylwester Ślusarczyk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Botany, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Sebastian Granica
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Molecular Foundations of Phytotherapy, Warsaw Medical University, 02-097 Warszawa, Poland.
| | - Jakub Hadzik
- Department of Dental Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-425 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Adam Matkowski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Botany, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland.
- Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Chen L, Weng Q, Ma J. A New UPLC-MS/MS Method Validated for Quantification of Jervine in Rat Plasma and the Study of Its Pharmacokinetics in Rats. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2019; 2019:5163625. [PMID: 30956840 PMCID: PMC6431447 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5163625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop an ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method to assess the concentration of jervine in rat plasma and its pharmacokinetics. Diazepam was used as internal standard (IS). The chromatographic separation of jervine and IS was carried out on an UPLC BEH C18 column (2.1 mm × 50 mm, 1.7 μm) with a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min. A mixture of acetonitrile and water (0.1% formic acid) was used as a mobile phase. The UPLC-MS/MS was equipped with an electrospray ionization (ESI), adopting multiple reactive monitoring mode to determine jervine in rat plasma. The retention times of jervine and the internal standard were 1.71 and 2.13 min, respectively. The calibration curve of jervine ranged between 1 and 1000 ng/mL. The lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) was 1 ng/mL, and the lower limit of determination (LLOD) was 0.2 ng/mL. The accuracy was ±6%; the interday precision and intraday precision were no more than 9%. The recovery was higher than 90.3%, and the matrix effect was lower than 10%. The UPLC-MS/MS method was successfully developed and used for the application of the pharmacokinetic study. The primary pharmacokinetic parameters of jervine in this study were as follows: the AUC(0-∞) was 969.3 ± 277.7 ng/mL·h, the C max was 506.6 ± 192.8 ng/mL, the CL/F was 1.7 ± 0.5 L/h/kg, and the t 1/2 was 3.4 ± 1.2 h.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lianguo Chen
- Wenzhou People's Hospital, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Qinghua Weng
- Wenzhou People's Hospital, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Jianshe Ma
- School of Basic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Yan M, Chen M, Zhou F, Cai D, Bai H, Wang P, Lei H, Ma Q. Separation and analysis of flavonoid chemical constituents in flowers of Juglans regia L. by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-hybrid quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 164:734-741. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
48
|
Xing Y, Wang L, Wang C, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Hu L, Gao X, Han L, Yang W. Pharmacokinetic studies unveiled the drug–drug interaction between trans-2,3,5,4′-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-d-glucopyranoside and emodin that may contribute to the idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity of Polygoni Multiflori Radix. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 164:672-680. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
49
|
Xu J, Tong C, Fu Q, Guo K, Shi S, Xiao Y. Comprehensive Polyphenolic Profile of Plantago depressa using High-Speed Countercurrent Chromatography Off-line with High-Performance Liquid Chromatography–Diode Array Detector–Quadrupole Time-of-flight Tandem Mass Spectrometry. EFOOD 2019. [DOI: 10.2991/efood.k.191101.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
|
50
|
Wang X, Han L, Bi Y, Li C, Gao X, Fan G, Zhang Y. Paradoxical Effects of Emodin on ANIT-Induced Intrahepatic Cholestasis and Herb-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Mice. Toxicol Sci 2018; 168:264-278. [DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Lifeng Han
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Yajuan Bi
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Caiyu Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xiumei Gao
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Guanwei Fan
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Youcai Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| |
Collapse
|