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Shi R, Liu X, Wang Y, Pan M, Wang S, Shi L, Ni B. Long-term stability and immunogenicity of lipid nanoparticle COVID-19 mRNA vaccine is affected by particle size. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2342592. [PMID: 38714327 PMCID: PMC11085994 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2342592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) technology has been rapidly applied for the development of the COVID-19 vaccine. However, naked mRNA itself is inherently unstable. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) protect mRNAs from extracellular ribonucleases and facilitate mRNA trafficking. For mRNA vaccines, antigen-presenting cells utilize LNPs through uptake to elicit antigen-specific immunity. There are reports on the impact of various physical characteristics of LNPs, particularly those with sizes less than 200 nm, especially 50 to 150 nm, on the overall stability and protective efficacy of mRNA vaccines. To address this, a single change in the size of LNPs using the same mRNA stock solution was assessed for the physicochemical characterization of the resulting mRNA-LNPs vaccine, along with the evaluation of their protective efficacy. Particles of smaller sizes generally disperse more effectively in solutions, with minimized occurrence of particle precipitation and aggregation. Here, we demonstrate that the vaccine containing 80-100 nm mRNA-LNPs showed the best stability and protection at 4°C and -20°C. Furthermore, we can conclude that freezing the vaccine at -20°C is more appropriate for maintaining stability over the long term. This effort is poised to provide a scientific basis for improving the quality of ongoing mRNA vaccine endeavors and providing information on the development of novel products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruimeng Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Xueli Liu
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Hebei Research Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medical Device Inspection, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Yajuan Wang
- Research and Development Department, CSPC Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Meilu Pan
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Hebei Research Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medical Device Inspection, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Shaoqin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Lin Shi
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Hebei Research Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medical Device Inspection, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Beibei Ni
- Research and Development Department, CSPC Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang, PR China
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2
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Reitemeier J, Metro J, Bohn PW. Detection of aldehydes from degradation of lipid nanoparticle formulations using a hierarchically-organized nanopore electrochemical biosensor. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 261:116457. [PMID: 38850733 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Degradation of ionizable lipids in mRNA-based vaccines was recently found to deactivate the payload, demanding rigorous monitoring of impurities in lipid nanoparticle (LNP) formulations. However, parallel screening for lipid degradation in customized delivery systems for next-generation therapeutics maintains a challenging and unsolved problem. Here, we describe a nanopore electrochemical sensor to detect ppb-levels of aldehydes arising from lipid degradation in LNP formulations that can be deployed in massively parallel fashion. Specifically, we combine nanopore electrodes with a block copolymer (BCP) membrane capable of hydrophobic gating of analyte transport between the bulk solution and the nanopore volume. By incorporating aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), enzymatic oxidation of aldehydes generates NADH to enable ultrasensitive voltammetric detection with limits-of-detection (LOD) down to 1.2 ppb. Sensor utility was demonstrated by detecting degradation of N-oxidized SM-102, the ionizable lipid in Moderna's SpikeVax™ vaccine, in mRNA-1273 LNP formulation. This work should be of significant use in the pharmaceutical industry, paving the way for automated on-line quality assessments of next-generation therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julius Reitemeier
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, United States
| | - Jarek Metro
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, United States
| | - Paul W Bohn
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, United States; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, United States.
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3
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Yamamoto E, Nikko M, Miyatsuji M, Ando D, Miyazaki T, Koide T, Sato Y. Physicochemical profiling of nanomedicines using centrifugal field flow fractionation. Int J Pharm 2024; 663:124571. [PMID: 39128622 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Nanomedicines comprise multiple components, and particle density is considered an important property that regulates the biodistribution of administered nanomedicines. The density of nanoparticles is characterized by centrifugal methods, such as analytical ultracentrifugation. Particle size and distribution are key physicochemical and quality attributes of nanomedicines. In this study, we developed a novel profiling method applicable to liposomes and lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), based on particle size and density, using centrifugal field-flow fractionation (CF3). We evaluated the elution profiles of PEGylated liposomes of different sizes with various doxorubicin (DOX)-loading amounts using CF3. This method was applied to evaluate the drug release of DOX-loaded liposomes, intra- and inter-batch variability, reconstitution reproducibility of AmBisome®, and elution characteristics of LNPs in COVID-19 vaccines (Comirnaty® and SpikevaxTM). The data obtained in the present study underscore the significance of the proposed methodology and highlight the importance of profiling and characterizing liposomes and LNPs using CF3 fractograms and a multi-angle light-scattering detector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiichi Yamamoto
- Division of Medical Devices, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan.
| | - Masataka Nikko
- Shimadzu Corporation, 1 Nishinokyo Kuwabara-cho, Nakagyo-ku, Kyoto 604-8511, Japan
| | - Megumi Miyatsuji
- Division of Drugs, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ando
- Division of Drugs, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Tamaki Miyazaki
- Division of Drugs, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Koide
- Division of Drugs, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Yoji Sato
- Division of Drugs, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
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4
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Malarvannan M, Ravichandiran V, Paul D. Advances in analytical technologies for emerging drug modalities and their separation challenges in LC-MS systems. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1732:465226. [PMID: 39111181 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.465226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
The last few years have seen a rise in the identification and development of bio-therapeutics through the use of cutting-edge delivery methods or bio-formulations, which has created bio-analytical difficulties. Every year, new bio-pharmaceutical product innovations come out, but the analytical development of these products is challenging. Quantifying the products and components of conjugated molecular structures is essential for preclinical and clinical research in order to guide therapeutic development, given their intrinsic complexity. Furthermore, a significant amount of information is needed for the measurement of these unique modalities by LC-MS techniques. Numerous LC-MS based methods have been developed, including AEX-HPLC-MS, RP-IP-LCMS, HILIC-MS, LCHRMS, Microflow-LC-MS, ASMS, Hybrid LBA/LC-MS, and more. However, these methods continue to face problems, prompting the development of alternative approaches. Therefore, developing bio-molecules that are this complicated and, low in concentration requires a skilled LC-MS based approach and knowledgeable personnel. This review covers general novel modalities classifications, sample preparation techniques, current status and bio-analytical strategies for analyzing various novel modalities, including gene bio-therapeutics, oligonucleotides, antibody-drug conjugates, monoclonal antibodies and PROTACs. It also covers how these strategies have been used in the past and how they are being used now to address challenges in the development of LC-MS based methods, as well as improvement strategies, current advancements and recent developed methods. We additionally covered on the benefits and drawbacks of different LC-MS based techniques for the examination of bio-pharmaceutical products and the future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Malarvannan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Maniktala, Kolkata, West Bengal 700054, India
| | - V Ravichandiran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Maniktala, Kolkata, West Bengal 700054, India
| | - David Paul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Maniktala, Kolkata, West Bengal 700054, India.
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Santos JAV, Silva D, Marques MPM, Batista de Carvalho LAE. Platinum-based chemotherapy: trends in organic nanodelivery systems. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:14640-14686. [PMID: 39037425 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr01483a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Despite the investment in platinum drugs research, cisplatin, carboplatin and oxaliplatin are still the only Pt-based compounds used as first line treatments for several cancers, with a few other compounds being approved for administration in some Asian countries. However, due to the severe and worldwide impact of oncological diseases, there is an urge for improved chemotherapeutic approaches. Furthermore, the pharmaceutical application of platinum complexes is hindered by their inherent toxicity and acquired resistance. Nanodelivery systems rose as a key strategy to overcome these challenges, with recognized versatility and ability towards improving the safety, bioavailability and efficacy of the available drugs. Among the known nanocarriers, organic systems have been widely applied, taking advantage of their potential as drug vehicles. Researchers have mainly focused on the development of lipidic and polymeric carriers, including supramolecular structures, with an overall improvement of encapsulated platinum complexes. Herein, an overview of recent trends and strategies is presented, with the main focus on the encapsulation of platinum compounds into organic nanocarriers, showcasing the evolution in the design and development of these promising systems. This comprehensive review highlights formulation methods as well as characterization procedures, providing insights that may be helpful for the development of novel platinum nanocarriers aiming at future pharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- João A V Santos
- Molecular Physical-Chemistry R&D Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Daniela Silva
- Molecular Physical-Chemistry R&D Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Maria Paula M Marques
- Molecular Physical-Chemistry R&D Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal.
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luís A E Batista de Carvalho
- Molecular Physical-Chemistry R&D Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal.
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6
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Gao Z, Lin J, Su WC, Zhang K, Gruenhagen J, Zhong W, Fan Y, Bian J. Development of an advanced separation and characterization platform for mRNA and lipid nanoparticles using multi-detector asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024:10.1007/s00216-024-05455-x. [PMID: 39102094 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-024-05455-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, the use of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) for delivery of messenger RNA (mRNA)-based therapies has gained substantial attention in the field of drug development. In such an application, multiple LNP attributes have to be carefully characterized to ensure product safety and quality, whereas accurate and efficient characterization of these complex mRNA-LNP formulations remains a challenging endeavor. Here, we present the development and application of an online separation and characterization platform designed for the isolation and in-depth analysis of mRNAs and mRNA-loaded LNPs. Our asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation with a multi-detector (MD-AF4) method has demonstrated exceptional resolution between mRNA-LNPs and mRNAs, delivering excellent recoveries (over 70%) for both analytes and exceptional repeatability. Notably, this platform allows for comprehensive and multi-attribute LNP characterization, including online particle sizing, morphology characterization, and determination of encapsulation efficiency, all within a single injection. Furthermore, real-time online sizing by synchronizing multi-angle light scattering (MALS) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) presented higher resolution over traditional batch-mode DLS, particularly in differentiating heterogeneous samples with a low abundance of large-sized particles. Additionally, our method proves to be a valuable tool for monitoring LNP stability under varying stress conditions. Our work introduces a robust and versatile analytical platform using MD-AF4 that not only efficiently provides multi-attribute characterizations of mRNA-LNPs but also holds promise in advancing studies related to formulation screening, quality control, and stability assessment in the evolving field of nanoparticle delivery systems for mRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziting Gao
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, 900 University Ave., Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Jessica Lin
- Genentech Research and Early Development, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Wan-Chih Su
- Genentech Research and Early Development, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Kelly Zhang
- Genentech Research and Early Development, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Jason Gruenhagen
- Genentech Research and Early Development, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Wenwan Zhong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, 900 University Ave., Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Yuchen Fan
- Genentech Research and Early Development, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA.
| | - Juan Bian
- Genentech Research and Early Development, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA.
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7
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Song C, Li Y, Han H, Zhang Y, Wang N. Lipid nanoparticle-encapsulated lncRNA DLX6-AS1 knockdown ameliorates cerebral ischemic injury via the Nrf2/HO-1/NLRP3 axis. Neurol Res 2024; 46:706-716. [PMID: 38735062 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2024.2345024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cerebral ischemia is a neurological disorder that leads to permanent disability. This research focuses on exploring the ameliorative effects of lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-encapsulated lncRNA DLX6-AS1 knockdown in cerebral ischemic injury via the Nrf2/HO-1/NLRP3 axis. METHODS LNP-encapsulated lncRNA DLX6-AS1 was prepared. Cerebral ischemic injury mouse models were established utilizing middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). The mice were treated by intravenous injection of LNP-encapsulated lncRNA DLX6-AS1. The neurological deficits, Inflammatory factor levels, pathological characteristics were observed. In vitro N2a cell oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) models were established, and the cells were treated with LNP-encapsulated lncRNA DLX6-AS1 or Nrf2 inhibitor (ML385). Cell viability and apoptosis were tested. DLX6-AS1, Nrf2, HO-1, and NLRP3 expression levels were assessed. RESULTS LncRNA DLX6-AS1 levels were elevated in the brain tissues of mice with cerebral ischemic injury and OGD-induced N2a cells. LNP-encapsulated DLX6-AS1 siRNA (si-DLX6-AS1) improved neurological deficit scores, reduced the levels of inflammatory factors, improved brain tissue pathological damage, and raised the number of survival neurons in CA1. LNP-encapsulated si-DLX6-AS1 ameliorated the OGD-induced N2a cell viability decrease and apoptosis rate increase, and ML385 (Nrf2 inhibitor) reversed the ameliorative effects of LNP-encapsulated si-DLX6-AS1. In cerebral ischemic injury mice and OGD-induced N2a cells, Nrf2 and HO-1 levels were reduced and NLRP3 levels were increased. LNP-encapsulated si-DLX6-AS1 raised Nrf2 and HO-1 levels and reduced NLRP3 levels. Nrf2 inhibitor ML385 treatment reversed the ameliorative effects of LNP-encapsulated si-DLX6-AS1 on OGD-induced N2a cell viability and apoptosis. CONCLUSION Lipid nanoparticle-encapsulated si-DLX6-AS1 ameliorates cerebral ischemic injury via the Nrf2/HO-1/NLRP3 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Song
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Huiying Han
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yueyue Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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8
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Feng X, Jia P, Zhang D. Nanocarrier drug delivery system: promising platform for targeted depression therapy. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1435133. [PMID: 39119603 PMCID: PMC11306052 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1435133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Depression is a chronic mental disorder characterized by persistent low mood and loss of interest. Treatments for depression are varied but may not be sufficient cure. Drug-based treatment regimens have drawbacks such as slow onset of action, low bioavailability, and drug side effects. Nanocarrier Drug Delivery Systems (NDDS) has received increasing attention for brain drug delivery since it assists the drug through the blood-brain barrier and improves bioavailability, which may be beneficial for treating depression. Due to the particle size and physicochemical properties of nanocarriers, it presents a promise to improve the stability and solubility of antidepressants, thereby enhancing the drug concentration. Moreover, ligand-modified nanocarriers can be taken as a target direct medicines release system and reduce drug side effects. The purpose of the present review is to provide an up-to-date understanding of the Nanocarrier drug delivery system and relevant antidepressants in different routes of ingestion, to lay a foundation for the treatment of patients with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Feng
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Jia
- Department of Neurosurgery Nursing, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Dingding Zhang
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Disease, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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Romanò S, Angelillo A, Cimmino W, Iaccarino N, Nele V, Campani V, De Rosa G, Cinti S. An Electrochemical Strip to Evaluate and to Discriminate Drug Encapsulation in Lipid Nanovectors. Anal Chem 2024; 96:11651-11656. [PMID: 38979837 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Lipid nanovectors (LNVs) represent potent and versatile tools in the field of drug delivery for a wide range of medical applications including cancer therapy and vaccines. With this Technical Note, we introduce a novel "portable", easy-to-use, and low-cost strategy for double use: (1) it allows one to both quantify the amount of cargo in LNV formulation and (2) classify the nature of formulation with the aim of chemometrics. In particular, an electrochemical strip, based on a screen-printed electrode, was exploited to detect methylene blue (MB) as the model cargo encapsulated in various liposomes (used as model LNV). The experimental setup, including release of the MB content and its electrochemical quantification were optimized through a multivariate design of experiment (DoE), obtaining a satisfactory 88-95% accuracy in comparison to standard methods. In addition, the use of principal component analysis-linear discriminant analysis (PCA-LDA) highlighted the satisfactory differentiation of liposomes. The combination of portable electroanalysis and multivariate analysis is a potent tool for enhancing quality control in the field of pharmaceutical technologies, and also in the field of diagnostics, this approach might be useful for application toward naturally occurring lipid nanoparticles, i.e., exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Romanò
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Alessia Angelillo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Wanda Cimmino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Nunzia Iaccarino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria Nele
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Virginia Campani
- Department of Life Health Sciences and Health Professions, Link Campus University, Rome 00165, Italy
| | - Giuseppe De Rosa
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Stefano Cinti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
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Chiarentin R, Pereira Bottcher D, Zeni B, Grave C, Neutzling Kaufmann F, Emmanoella Sebulsqui Saraiva T, da Costa Berna G, Aline Führ G, Saraiva Hermann B, Hoffmeister B, Dal Pont Morisso F, Feiffer Charão M, Gasparin Verza S, Deise Fleck J, Heemann Betti A, Bastos de Mattos C. Development and pharmacological evaluation of liposomes and nanocapsules containing paroxetine hydrochloride. Int J Pharm 2024; 660:124304. [PMID: 38848799 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Depression is one of the most common psychiatric disorders. Nanotechnology has emerged to optimize the pharmacological response. Therefore, the aim of this work was to develop and characterize liposomes and nanocapsules containing paroxetine hydrochloride and evaluate their antidepressant-like effect using the open field and tail suspension tests in mice. Liposomes and nanocapsules were prepared using the reverse-phase evaporation and nanoprecipitation methods, respectively. The particle size of the formulation ranged from 121.81 to 310.73 nm, the polydispersity index from 0.096 to 0.303, the zeta potential from -11.94 to -34.50 mV, the pH from 5.31 to 7.38, the drug content from 80.82 to 94.36 %, and the association efficiency was 98 %. Paroxetine hydrochloride showed slower release when associated with liposomes (43.82 %) compared to nanocapsules (95.59 %) after 10 h. In Vero cells, in vitro toxicity showed a concentration-dependent effect for paroxetine hydrochloride nanostructures. Both nanostructures decreased the immobility time in the TST at 2.5 mg/kg without affecting the number of crossings in the open field test, suggesting the antidepressant-like effect of paroxetine. In addition, the nanocapsules decreased the number of groomings, reinforcing the anxiolytic effect of this drug. These results suggest that the nanostructures were effective in preserving the antidepressant-like effect of paroxetine hydrochloride even at low doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Chiarentin
- Bioanalysis Laboratory, Health Sciences Institute, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Toxicology and Analytical Toxicology, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Bruna Zeni
- Bioanalysis Laboratory, Health Sciences Institute, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Carolina Grave
- Bioanalysis Laboratory, Health Sciences Institute, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Toxicology and Analytical Toxicology, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Thalia Emmanoella Sebulsqui Saraiva
- Bioanalysis Laboratory, Health Sciences Institute, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Toxicology and Analytical Toxicology, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabriel da Costa Berna
- Bioanalysis Laboratory, Health Sciences Institute, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Giulia Aline Führ
- Bioanalysis Laboratory, Health Sciences Institute, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Bruna Saraiva Hermann
- Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Health Sciences Institute, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Toxicology and Analytical Toxicology, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Bruna Hoffmeister
- Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Health Sciences Institute, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Toxicology and Analytical Toxicology, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernando Dal Pont Morisso
- Advanced Materials Studies Laboratory, Creative and Technological Sciences Institute, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Materials Technology and Industrial Processes, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Mariele Feiffer Charão
- Bioanalysis Laboratory, Health Sciences Institute, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Toxicology and Analytical Toxicology, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Simone Gasparin Verza
- Bioanalysis Laboratory, Health Sciences Institute, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Toxicology and Analytical Toxicology, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliane Deise Fleck
- Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Health Sciences Institute, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Toxicology and Analytical Toxicology, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Andresa Heemann Betti
- Bioanalysis Laboratory, Health Sciences Institute, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Toxicology and Analytical Toxicology, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Bastos de Mattos
- Bioanalysis Laboratory, Health Sciences Institute, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Toxicology and Analytical Toxicology, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil.
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11
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Porat-Dahlerbruch G, Sergeyev IV, Quinn CM, Struppe J, Banks D, Dahlheim C, Johnson D, Murphy D, Ilott A, Abraham A, Polenova T. Spatial Organization of Lipid Nanoparticle siRNA Delivery Systems Revealed by an Integrated Magnetic Resonance Approach. SMALL METHODS 2024:e2400622. [PMID: 39021326 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202400622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are increasingly finding applications in targeted drug delivery, including for subcutaneous, intravenous, inhalation, and vaccine administration. While a variety of microscopy techniques are widely used for LNP characterization, their resolution does not allow for characterization of the spatial organization of different components, such as the excipients, targeting agents, or even the active ingredient. Herein, an approach is presented to probe the spatial organization of individual constituent groups of LNPs used for siRNA-based drug delivery, currently in clinical trials, by multinuclear solid-state magic-angle-spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS NMR) spectroscopy. Dynamic nuclear polarization is exploited (DNP) for sensitivity enhancement, together with judicious 2H labeing, to detect functionally important LNP constituents, the siRNA and the targeting agent (<1-2 w/v%), respectively, and achieve a structural model of the LNP locating the siRNA in the core, the targeting agent below the surface, and the sugars above the lipid bilayer at the surface. The integrated approach presented here is applicable for structural analysis of LNPs and can be extended more generally to other multi-component biological formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gal Porat-Dahlerbruch
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Ivan V Sergeyev
- Bristol Myers Squibb, Drug Product Development, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Caitlin M Quinn
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Jochem Struppe
- Bruker Biospin Corporation, 15 Fortune Drive, Billerica, MA, 01821, USA
| | - Daniel Banks
- Bruker Biospin Corporation, 15 Fortune Drive, Billerica, MA, 01821, USA
| | - Charles Dahlheim
- Bristol Myers Squibb, Drug Product Development, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Donald Johnson
- Bristol Myers Squibb, Drug Product Development, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Denette Murphy
- Bristol Myers Squibb, Drug Product Development, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Andrew Ilott
- Bristol Myers Squibb, Drug Product Development, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Anuji Abraham
- Bristol Myers Squibb, Drug Product Development, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Tatyana Polenova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
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12
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Trusova V, Karnaukhov I, Zelinsky A, Borts B, Ushakov I, Sidenko L, Gorbenko G. Radiolabeling of bionanomaterials with technetium 99m: current state and future prospects. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2024; 19:1569-1580. [PMID: 39011593 PMCID: PMC11321418 DOI: 10.1080/17435889.2024.2368454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Radiolabeling of bionanomaterials with technetium-99m (99mTc) has become a promising approach in combining the benefits of nanotechnology and nuclear medicine for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. This review is intended to provide a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art of radiolabeling of bionanomaterials with 99mTc, highlighting the synthesis methods, labeling mechanisms, biological evaluation, physicochemical characterization and clinical applications of 99mTc-labeled bionanomaterials. Various types of nanomaterials are considered in the review, including lipid- and protein-based nanosystems, dendrimers and polymeric nanomaterials. Moreover, the review assesses the challenges presented by this emerging field, such as stability of the radiolabel, potential toxicity of the nanomaterials and regulatory aspects. Finally, promising future perspectives and areas of research development in 99mTc-labeled bionanomaterials are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeriya Trusova
- Department of Medical Physics & Biomedical Nanotechnologies, V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, 4 Svobody Sq., Kharkiv61022, Ukraine
| | - Ivan Karnaukhov
- National Science Center “Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology”, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Andrey Zelinsky
- National Science Center “Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology”, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Borys Borts
- National Science Center “Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology”, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Igor Ushakov
- National Science Center “Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology”, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Larysa Sidenko
- National Science Center “Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology”, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Galyna Gorbenko
- Department of Medical Physics & Biomedical Nanotechnologies, V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, 4 Svobody Sq., Kharkiv61022, Ukraine
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13
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Gan Y, Yu Y, Xu H, Piao H. Liposomal Nanomaterials: A Rising Star in Glioma Treatment. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:6757-6776. [PMID: 38983132 PMCID: PMC11232959 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s470478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioma is a primary malignant tumor in the central nervous system. In recent years, the treatment of glioma has developed rapidly, but the overall survival of glioma patients has not significantly improved. Due to the presence of the blood-brain barrier and intracranial tumor barrier, many drugs with good effects to cure glioma in vitro cannot be accurately transported to the corresponding lesions. In order to enable anti-tumor drugs to overcome the barriers and target glioma, nanodrug delivery systems have emerged recently. It is gratifying that liposomes, as a multifunctional nanodrug delivery carrier, which can be compatible with hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs, easily functionalized by various targeted ligands, biodegradable, and hypoimmunogenic in vivo, has become a quality choice to solve the intractable problem of glioma medication. Therefore, we focused on the liposome nanodrug delivery system, and summarized its current research progress in glioma. Hopefully, this review may provide new ideas for the research and development of liposome-based nanomaterials for the clinical treatment of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Gan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
- Central Laboratory, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingying Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huizhe Xu
- Central Laboratory, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haozhe Piao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
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14
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Duraloglu C, Baysal I, Yabanoglu-Ciftci S, Arica B. Nintedanib and miR-29b co-loaded lipoplexes in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: formulation, characterization, and in vitro evaluation. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2024; 50:671-686. [PMID: 39099436 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2024.2387166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was aimed to develop a cationic lipoplex formulation loaded with Nintedanib and miR-29b (LP-NIN-miR) as an alternative approach in the combination therapy of idiopathic pulmonary dibrosis (IPF) by proving its additive anti-fibrotic therapeutic effects through in vitro lung fibrosis model. SIGNIFICANCE This is the first research article reported that the LP-NIN-MIR formulations in the treatment of IPF. METHODS To optimize cationic liposomes (LPs), quality by design (QbD) approach was carried out. Optimized blank LP formulation was prepared with DOTAP, CHOL, DOPE, and DSPE-mPEG 2000 at the molar ratio of 10:10:1:1. Nintedanib loaded LP (LPs-NIN) were produced by microfluidization method and were incubated with miR-29b at room temperature for 30 min to obtain LP-NIN-miR. To evaluate the cellular uptake of LP-NIN-miR, NIH/3T3 cells were treated with 20 ng.mL-1 transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) for 96 h to establish the in vitro IPF model and incubated with LP-NIN-miR for 48 h. RESULTS The hydrodynamic diameter, polydispersity index (PDI), and zeta potential of the LP-NIN-miR were 87.3 ± 0.9 nm, 0.184 ± 0.003, and +24 ± 1 mV, respectively. The encapsulation efficiencies of Nintedanib and miR-29b were 99.8% ± 0.08% and 99.7% ± 1.2%, respectively. The results of the cytotoxicity study conducted with NIH/3T3 cells indicated that LP-NIN-miR is a safe delivery system. CONCLUSIONS The outcome of the transfection study proved the additive anti-fibrotic therapeutic effect of LP-NIN-miR and suggested that lipoplexes are effective delivery systems for drug and nucleic acid to the NIH/3T3 cells in the treatment of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceren Duraloglu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ipek Baysal
- Vocational School of Health Services, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Betul Arica
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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15
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Franz AH, Samoshina NM, Samoshin VV. A convenient method for the relative and absolute quantification of lipid components in liposomes by 1H- and 31P NMR-spectroscopy. Chem Phys Lipids 2024; 261:105395. [PMID: 38615786 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2024.105395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Liposomes are promising delivery systems for pharmaceutical applications and have been used in medicine in the recent past. Preparation of liposomes requires reliable characterization and quantification of the phospholipid components for which the traditional cumbersome molybdate method is used frequently. The objective was to improve relative and absolute quantification of lipid components from liposomes. METHODS A reliable method for quantification of lipid composition in liposome formulations in the 1-10 μmol range with 1H- and 31P NMR spectroscopy at 600 MHz has been developed. The method is based on three crystalline small-molecule standards (Ph3PO4, (Tol)3PO4, and Ph3PO) in CDCl3. RESULTS Excellent calibration linearity and chemical stability of the standards was observed. The method was tested in blind fashion on liposomes containing POPC, PEG-ceramide and a pH-sensitive trans-aminocyclohexanol-based amphiphile (TACH).1 Relative quantification (percentage of components) as well as determination of absolute lipid amount was possible with excellent reproducibility with an average error of 5%. Quantification (triplicate) was accomplished in 15 min based on 1H NMR and in 1 h based on 31P NMR. Very little change in mixture composition was observed over multiple preparative steps. CONCLUSION Liposome preparations containing POPC, POPE, DOPC, DPPC, TACH, and PEG-ceramide can be reliably characterized and quantified by 1H NMR and 31P NMR spectroscopy at 600 MHz in the μmol range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas H Franz
- Department of Chemistry, College of the Pacific, University of the Pacific, 3601 Pacific Avenue, Stockton, CA 95211, USA.
| | - Nataliya M Samoshina
- Department of Chemistry, College of the Pacific, University of the Pacific, 3601 Pacific Avenue, Stockton, CA 95211, USA
| | - Vyacheslav V Samoshin
- Department of Chemistry, College of the Pacific, University of the Pacific, 3601 Pacific Avenue, Stockton, CA 95211, USA
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16
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Gao Y, Huang Y, Ren C, Chou P, Wu C, Pan X, Quan G, Huang Z. Looking back, moving forward: protein corona of lipid nanoparticles. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:5573-5588. [PMID: 38757190 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00186a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are commonly employed for drug delivery owing to their considerable drug-loading capacity, low toxicity, and excellent biocompatibility. Nevertheless, the formation of protein corona (PC) on their surfaces significantly influences the drug's in vivo fate (such as absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination) upon administration. PC denotes the phenomenon wherein one or multiple strata of proteins adhere to the external interface of nanoparticles (NPs) or microparticles within the biological milieu, encompassing ex vivo fluids (e.g., serum-containing culture media) and in vivo fluids (such as blood and tissue fluids). Hence, it is essential to claim the PC formation behaviors and mechanisms on the surface of LNPs. This overview provided a comprehensive examination of crucial aspects related to such issues, encompassing time evolution, controllability, and their subsequent impacts on LNPs. Classical studies of PC generation on the surface of LNPs were additionally integrated, and its decisive role in shaping the in vivo fate of LNPs was explored. The mechanisms underlying PC formation, including the adsorption theory and alteration theory, were introduced to delve into the formation process. Subsequently, the existing experimental outcomes were synthesized to offer insights into the research and application facets of PC, and it was concluded that the manipulation of PC held substantial promise in the realm of targeted delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Gao
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, Guangdong, P. R. China.
| | - Yeqi Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, Guangdong, P. R. China.
| | - Chuanyu Ren
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, Guangdong, P. R. China.
| | - Peiwen Chou
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, Guangdong, P. R. China.
| | - Chuanbin Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, Guangdong, P. R. China.
| | - Xin Pan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Guilan Quan
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, Guangdong, P. R. China.
| | - Zhengwei Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, Guangdong, P. R. China.
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17
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Alfadhli A, Bates TA, Barklis RL, Romanaggi C, Tafesse FG, Barklis E. A Nanobody Interaction with SARS-CoV-2 Spike Allows the Versatile Targeting of Lentivirus Vectors. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.06.597774. [PMID: 38895228 PMCID: PMC11185593 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.06.597774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
While investigating methods to target gene delivery vectors to specific cell types, we examined the potential of using a nanobody against the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein receptor binding domain to direct lentivirus infection of Spike-expressing cells. Using three different approaches, we found that lentiviruses with surface-exposed nanobody domains selectively infect Spike-expressing cells. The targeting is dependent on the fusion function of Spike, and conforms to a model in which nanobody binding to the Spike protein triggers the Spike fusion machinery. The nanobody-Spike interaction also is capable of directing cell-cell fusion, and the selective infection of nanobody-expressing cells by Spike-pseudotyped lentivirus vectors. Significantly, cells infected with SARS-CoV-2 are efficiently and selectively infected by lentivirus vectors pseudotyped with a chimeric nanobody protein. Our results suggest that cells infected by any virus that forms syncytia may be targeted for gene delivery using an appropriate nanobody or virus receptor mimic. Vectors modified in this fashion may prove useful in the delivery of immunomodulators to infected foci to mitigate the effects of viral infections. IMPORTANCE We have discovered that lentiviruses decorated on their surfaces with a nanobody against the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein selectively infect Spike-expressing cells. Infection is dependent on the specificity of the nanobody and the fusion function of the Spike protein, and conforms to a reverse fusion model, in which nanobody binding to Spike triggers the Spike fusion machinery. The nanobody-Spike interaction also can drive cell-cell fusion, and infection of nanobody-expressing cells with viruses carrying the Spike protein. Importantly, cells infected with SARS-CoV-2 are selectively infected with nanobody-decorated lentiviruses. These results suggest that cells infected by any virus that expresses an active receptor-binding fusion protein may be targeted by vectors for delivery of cargoes to mitigate infections.
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18
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de Chateauneuf-Randon S, Bresson B, Ripoll M, Huille S, Barthel E, Monteux C. The mechanical properties of lipid nanoparticles depend on the type of biomacromolecule they are loaded with. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:10706-10714. [PMID: 38700424 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr06543j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
For drug delivery systems, the mechanical properties of drug carriers are suspected to play a crucial role in the delivery process. However, there is a lack of reliable methods available to measure the mechanical properties of drug carriers, which hampers the establishment of a link between delivery efficiency and the mechanical properties of carriers. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are advanced systems for delivering nucleic acids to target cell populations for vaccination purposes (mRNA) or the development of new drugs. Hence, it is crucial to develop reliable techniques to measure the mechanical properties of LNPs. In this article, we used AFM to image and probe the mechanical properties of LNPs which are loaded with two different biopolymers either pDNA or mRNA. Imaging the LNPs before and after indentation, as well as recording the retraction curve, enables us to obtain more insight into how the AFM tip penetrates into the particle and to determine whether the deformation of the LNPs is reversible. For pDNA, the indentation by the tip leads to irreversible rupture of the LNPs, while the deformation is reversible for the mRNA-loaded LNPs. Moreover, the forces reached for pDNA are higher than for mRNA. These results pave the way toward the establishment of the link between the LNP formulation and the delivery efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sixtine de Chateauneuf-Randon
- Laboratoire Sciences et Ingénierie de la Matière Molle, CNRS UMR 7615, PSL University, Sorbonne University, ESPCI Paris, 10 rue Vauquelin, Cedex 05 75231 Paris, France.
| | - Bruno Bresson
- Laboratoire Sciences et Ingénierie de la Matière Molle, CNRS UMR 7615, PSL University, Sorbonne University, ESPCI Paris, 10 rue Vauquelin, Cedex 05 75231 Paris, France.
| | - Manon Ripoll
- Sanofi Pasteur, 1541 av Marcel Mérieux, 69280 Marcy l'Etoile, France.
| | - Sylvain Huille
- Sanofi R & D, Impasse Des Ateliers, 94400 Vitry-sur-Seine, France.
| | - Etienne Barthel
- Laboratoire Sciences et Ingénierie de la Matière Molle, CNRS UMR 7615, PSL University, Sorbonne University, ESPCI Paris, 10 rue Vauquelin, Cedex 05 75231 Paris, France.
| | - Cécile Monteux
- Laboratoire Sciences et Ingénierie de la Matière Molle, CNRS UMR 7615, PSL University, Sorbonne University, ESPCI Paris, 10 rue Vauquelin, Cedex 05 75231 Paris, France.
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19
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Camacho Vieira C, Peltonen L, Karttunen AP, Ribeiro AJ. Is it advantageous to use quality by design (QbD) to develop nanoparticle-based dosage forms for parenteral drug administration? Int J Pharm 2024; 657:124163. [PMID: 38670473 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Parenteral administration is one of the most commonly used drug delivery routes for nanoparticle-based dosage forms, such as lipid-based and polymeric nanoparticles. For the treatment of various diseases, parenteral administration include intravenous, subcutaneous, and intramuscular route. In drug development phase, multiparameter strategy with a focus on drug physicochemical properties and the specificity of the administration route is required. Nanoparticle properties in terms of size and targeted delivery, among others, are able to surpass many drawbacks of conventional dosage forms, but these unique properties can be a bottleneck for approval by regulatory authorities. Quality by Design (QbD) approach has been widely utilized in development of parenteral nanoparticle-based dosage forms. It fosters knowledge of product and process quality by involving sound scientific data and risk assessment strategies. A full and comprehensive investigation into the state of implementation and applications of the QbD approach in these complex drug products can highlight the gaps and challenges. In this review, the analysis of critical attributes and Design of Experiment (DoE) approach in different nanoparticulate systems, together with the proper utilization of Process Analytical Technology (PAT) applications are described. The essential of QbD approach for the design and development of nanoparticle-based dosage forms for delivery via parenteral routes is discussed thoroughly.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Camacho Vieira
- Universidade de Coimbra, Faculdade de Farmácia, 3000-148 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - L Peltonen
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - A P Karttunen
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - A J Ribeiro
- Universidade de Coimbra, Faculdade de Farmácia, 3000-148 Coimbra, Portugal; i(3)S, IBMC, Rua Alfredo Allen, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
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20
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Moreira R, Nóbrega C, de Almeida LP, Mendonça L. Brain-targeted drug delivery - nanovesicles directed to specific brain cells by brain-targeting ligands. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:260. [PMID: 38760847 PMCID: PMC11100082 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02511-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by extensive loss of function or death of brain cells, hampering the life quality of patients. Brain-targeted drug delivery is challenging, with a low success rate this far. Therefore, the application of targeting ligands in drug vehicles, such as lipid-based and polymeric nanoparticles, holds the promise to overcome the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and direct therapies to the brain, in addition to protect their cargo from degradation and metabolization. In this review, we discuss the barriers to brain delivery and the different types of brain-targeting ligands currently in use in brain-targeted nanoparticles, such as peptides, proteins, aptamers, small molecules, and antibodies. Moreover, we present a detailed review of the different targeting ligands used to direct nanoparticles to specific brain cells, like neurons (C4-3 aptamer, neurotensin, Tet-1, RVG, and IKRG peptides), astrocytes (Aquaporin-4, D4, and Bradykinin B2 antibodies), oligodendrocytes (NG-2 antibody and the biotinylated DNA aptamer conjugated to a streptavidin core Myaptavin-3064), microglia (CD11b antibody), neural stem cells (QTRFLLH, VPTQSSG, and NFL-TBS.40-63 peptides), and to endothelial cells of the BBB (transferrin and insulin proteins, and choline). Reports demonstrated enhanced brain-targeted delivery with improved transport to the specific cell type targeted with the conjugation of these ligands to nanoparticles. Hence, this strategy allows the implementation of high-precision medicine, with reduced side effects or unwanted therapy clearance from the body. Nevertheless, the accumulation of some of these nanoparticles in peripheral organs has been reported indicating that there are still factors to be improved to achieve higher levels of brain targeting. This review is a collection of studies exploring targeting ligands for the delivery of nanoparticles to the brain and we highlight the advantages and limitations of this type of approach in precision therapies.
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Grants
- under BrainHealth2020 projects (CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-000008), through the COMPETE 2020 - Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalization and Portuguese national funds via FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, under projects - UIDB/04539/2020 and UIDP/04539/2020, POCI-01-0145-FEDER-030737 (NeuroStemForMJD, PTDC/BTM-ORG/30737/2017), CEECIND/04242/2017, and PhD Scholarship European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through the Centro 2020 Regional Operational Programme
- under BrainHealth2020 projects (CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-000008), through the COMPETE 2020 - Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalization and Portuguese national funds via FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, under projects - UIDB/04539/2020 and UIDP/04539/2020, POCI-01-0145-FEDER-030737 (NeuroStemForMJD, PTDC/BTM-ORG/30737/2017), CEECIND/04242/2017, and PhD Scholarship European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through the Centro 2020 Regional Operational Programme
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Moreira
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, polo 1, Coimbra, FMUC, 3004-504, Portugal
- CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3004-504, Portugal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3000-548, Portugal
| | - Clévio Nóbrega
- Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute (ABC-RI), University of Algarve, Faro, 8005-139, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Algarve, Faro, 8005-139, Portugal
| | - Luís Pereira de Almeida
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, polo 1, Coimbra, FMUC, 3004-504, Portugal
- CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3004-504, Portugal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3000-548, Portugal
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3030-789, Portugal
| | - Liliana Mendonça
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, polo 1, Coimbra, FMUC, 3004-504, Portugal.
- CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3004-504, Portugal.
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3030-789, Portugal.
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21
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Deepak V, El-Balawi L, Harris LK. Placental Drug Delivery to Treat Pre-Eclampsia and Fetal Growth Restriction. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2311165. [PMID: 38745536 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202311165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Pre-eclampsia and fetal growth restriction (FGR) continue to cause unacceptably high levels of morbidity and mortality, despite significant pharmaceutical and technological advances in other disease areas. The recent pandemic has also impacted obstetric care, as COVID-19 infection increases the risk of poor pregnancy outcomes. This review explores the reasons why it lacks effective drug treatments for the placental dysfunction that underlies many common obstetric conditions and describes how nanomedicines and targeted drug delivery approaches may provide the solution to the current drug drought. The ever-increasing range of biocompatible nanoparticle formulations available is now making it possible to selectively deliver drugs to uterine and placental tissues and dramatically limit fetal drug transfer. Formulations that are refractory to placental uptake offer the possibility of retaining drugs within the maternal circulation, allowing pregnant individuals to take medicines previously considered too harmful to the developing baby. Liposomes, ionizable lipid nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, and adenoviral vectors have all been used to create efficacious drug delivery systems for use in pregnancy, although each approach offers distinct advantages and limitations. It is imperative that recent advances continue to be built upon and that there is an overdue investment of intellectual and financial capital in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkataraman Deepak
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Division of Developmental Biology and Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK
- St Mary's Hospital, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK
| | - Lujain El-Balawi
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Lynda K Harris
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Division of Developmental Biology and Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK
- St Mary's Hospital, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- Olson Center for Women's Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
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22
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Shahbazi S, Tafvizi F, Naseh V. Enhancing the efficacy of letrozole-loaded PEGylated nanoliposomes against breast cancer cells: In vitro study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30503. [PMID: 38726203 PMCID: PMC11079254 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Considering its overall impact on human health, letrozole (Let) has been described as having significant efficacy that could be improved by developing drug delivery systems. Considering the side effects of Let, this study aims to encapsulate Let in liposomes and PEGylated liposome nanoparticles (Lipo-Let-PEG) and evaluate the cytotoxic effects on the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. For this purpose, the Lipo-Let-PEG formulation was designed and characterized by SEM, DLS, and FTIR methods, and the drug release from the optimized formulation and the stability of the optimized Lipo-Let-PEG were measured. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity and apoptotic studies were performed using MTT assay and flow cytometric analysis. According to the experimental data, the vesicle size and EE% were 170.05 ± 4.15 nm and 87.21 ± 1.36 %, respectively. The cumulative release from Lipo-Let-PEG at pH 5.4 and 7.4 was also approximately 60 % and 50 %, respectively. MTT results showed that Lip-Let-PEG produced more drug cytotoxicity than Lip-Let against MCF-7 cancer cells and was more compatible with normal cells. The results of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest using flow cytometry show that Lipo-Let-PEG caused the most significant increase in apoptotic rates and cell cycle arrest in cancer cells compared to other treated groups. In conclusion, Lipo-Let-PEG can be used as an anticancer agent by arresting cell cycle progression and inducing apoptosis, which can be applied in future studies to prevent breast cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soraya Shahbazi
- Department of Biology, Parand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Parand, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Tafvizi
- Department of Biology, Parand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Parand, Iran
| | - Vahid Naseh
- Department of Biology, Parand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Parand, Iran
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23
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Wang P, Zhong W, Huang Q, Zhu Y, Chen L, Ye K. Liposome Nanomedicine Based on Tumor Cell Lysate Mitigates the Progression of Lynch Syndrome-Associated Colon Cancer. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:3136-3147. [PMID: 38663028 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has shown efficacy in some patients with Lynch syndrome-associated colon cancer, but some patients still do not benefit from it. In this study, we adopted a combination strategy of tumor vaccines and ICIs to maximize the benefits of immunotherapy. Here, we obtained tumor-antigen-containing cell lysate (TCL) by lysing MC38Mlh1 KD cells and prepared liposome nanoparticles (Lipo-PEG) with a typical spherical morphology by thin-film hydration. Anti-PD-L1 was coupled to the liposome surface by the amidation reaction. As observed, anti-PD-L1/TCL@Lipo-PEG was not significantly toxic to mouse intestinal epithelial cells (MODE-K) in the safe concentration range and did not cause hemolysis of mouse red blood cells. In addition, anti-PD-L1/TCL@Lipo-PEG reduced immune escape from colon cancer cells (MC38Mlh1 KD) by the anti-PD-L1 antibody, restored the killing function of CD8+ T cells, and targeted more tumor antigens to bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs), which also expressed PD-L1, to stimulate BMDC antigen presentation. In syngeneic transplanted Lynch syndrome-associated colon cancer mice, the combination of anti-PD-L1 and TCL provided better cancer suppression than monoimmunotherapy, and the cancer suppression effect of anti-PD-L1/TCL@Lipo-PEG treatment was even better than that of the free drug. Meanwhile anti-PD-L1/TCL@Lipo-PEG enhanced the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. In vivo fluorescence imaging and H&E staining showed that the nanomedicine was mainly retained in the tumor site and had no significant toxic side effects on other major organs. The anti-PD-L1/TCL@Lipo-PEG prepared in this study has high efficacy and good biosafety in alleviating the progression of Lynch syndrome-associated colon cancer, and it is expected to be a therapeutic candidate for Lynch syndrome-associated colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, China
| | - Wenjin Zhong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, China
| | - Qiaozhen Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, China
| | - Yuejia Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, China
| | - Liquan Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, China
| | - Kai Ye
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, China
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24
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Skerritt JH, Tucek-Szabo C, Sutton B, Nolan T. The Platform Technology Approach to mRNA Product Development and Regulation. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:528. [PMID: 38793779 PMCID: PMC11126020 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12050528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
mRNA-lipid nanoparticle (LNP) medicinal products can be considered a platform technology because the development process is similar for different diseases and conditions, with similar noncoding mRNA sequences and lipid nanoparticles and essentially unchanged manufacturing and analytical methods often utilised for different products. It is critical not to lose the momentum built using the platform approach during the development, regulatory approval and rollout of vaccines for SARS-CoV-2 and its variants. This review proposes a set of modifications to existing regulatory requirements for mRNA products, based on a platform perspective for quality, manufacturing, preclinical, and clinical data. For the first time, we address development and potential regulatory requirements when the mRNA sequences and LNP composition vary in different products as well. In addition, we propose considerations for self-amplifying mRNA, individualised oncology mRNA products, and mRNA therapeutics. Providing a predictable development pathway for academic and commercial groups so that they can know in detail what product characterisation and data are required to develop a dossier for regulatory submission has many potential benefits. These include: reduced development and regulatory costs; faster consumer/patient access and more agile development of products in the face of pandemics; and for rare diseases where alternatives may not exist or to increase survival and the quality of life in cancer patients. Therefore, achieving consensus around platform approaches is both urgent and important. This approach with mRNA can be a template for similar platform frameworks for other therapeutics and vaccines to enable more efficient development and regulatory review.
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Affiliation(s)
- John H. Skerritt
- Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia;
| | | | - Brett Sutton
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Research Way, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia;
| | - Terry Nolan
- Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia;
- Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, 792 Elizabeth St, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
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25
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Zhong Z, Deng W, Wu J, Shang H, Tong Y, He Y, Huang Q, Ba X, Chen Z, Tang K. Cell membrane coated nanoparticles as a biomimetic drug delivery platform for enhancing cancer immunotherapy. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:8708-8738. [PMID: 38634521 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr00284a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy, a burgeoning modality for cancer treatment, operates by activating the autoimmune system to impede the growth of malignant cells. Although numerous immunotherapy strategies have been employed in clinical cancer therapy, the resistance of cancer cells to immunotherapeutic medications and other apprehensions impede the attainment of sustained advantages for most patients. Recent advancements in nanotechnology for drug delivery hold promise in augmenting the efficacy of immunotherapy. However, the efficacy is currently constrained by the inadequate specificity of delivery, low rate of response, and the intricate immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. In this context, the investigation of cell membrane coated nanoparticles (CMNPs) has revealed their ability to perform targeted delivery, immune evasion, controlled release, and immunomodulation. By combining the advantageous features of natural cell membranes and nanoparticles, CMNPs have demonstrated their unique potential in the realm of cancer immunotherapy. This review aims to emphasize recent research progress and elucidate the underlying mechanisms of CMNPs as an innovative drug delivery platform for enhancing cancer immunotherapy. Additionally, it provides a comprehensive overview of the current immunotherapeutic strategies involving different cell membrane types of CMNPs, with the intention of further exploration and optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zichen Zhong
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji medical college, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China.
| | - Wen Deng
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji medical college, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China.
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji medical college, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China.
| | - Haojie Shang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji medical college, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China.
| | - Yonghua Tong
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji medical college, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China.
| | - Yu He
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji medical college, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China.
| | - Qiu Huang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji medical college, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China.
| | - Xiaozhuo Ba
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji medical college, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China.
| | - Zhiqiang Chen
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji medical college, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China.
| | - Kun Tang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji medical college, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China.
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26
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Alcantara KP, Malabanan JWT, Nalinratana N, Thitikornpong W, Rojsitthisak P, Rojsitthisak P. Cannabidiol-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Ameliorate the Inhibition of Proinflammatory Cytokines and Free Radicals in an In Vitro Inflammation-Induced Cell Model. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4744. [PMID: 38731964 PMCID: PMC11083812 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Cannabidiol (CBD) is a non-psychoactive compound derived from Cannabis sativa. It has demonstrated promising effects in combating inflammation and holds potential as a treatment for the progression of chronic inflammation. However, the clinical application of CBD is limited due to its poor solubility and bioavailability. This study introduces an effective method for preparing CBD-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (CBD-SLNs) using a combination of low-energy hot homogenization and ultrasonication. We enhanced this process by employing statistical optimization with response surface methodology (RSM). The optimized CBD-SLN formulation utilizes glyceryl monostearate as the primary lipid component of the nanocarrier. The CBD-SLN formulation is screened as a potential tool for managing chronic inflammation. Stable, uniformly dispersed spherical nanoparticles with a size of 123 nm, a surface charge of -32.1 mV, an encapsulation efficiency of 95.16%, and a drug loading of 2.36% were obtained. The CBD-SLNs exhibited sustained release properties, ensuring prolonged and controlled CBD delivery, which could potentially amplify its therapeutic effects. Additionally, we observed that CBD-SLNs significantly reduced both reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and proinflammatory cytokines in chondrocyte and macrophage cell lines, with these inhibitory effects being more pronounced than those of free CBD. In conclusion, CBD-SLNs demonstrated superiority over free CBD, highlighting its potential as an effective delivery system for CBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khent Primo Alcantara
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products for Ageing and Chronic Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (K.P.A.); (J.W.T.M.); (N.N.); (W.T.); (P.R.)
- Department of Food and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - John Wilfred T. Malabanan
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products for Ageing and Chronic Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (K.P.A.); (J.W.T.M.); (N.N.); (W.T.); (P.R.)
- Department of Food and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Nonthaneth Nalinratana
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products for Ageing and Chronic Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (K.P.A.); (J.W.T.M.); (N.N.); (W.T.); (P.R.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Worathat Thitikornpong
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products for Ageing and Chronic Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (K.P.A.); (J.W.T.M.); (N.N.); (W.T.); (P.R.)
- Department of Food and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Pornchai Rojsitthisak
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products for Ageing and Chronic Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (K.P.A.); (J.W.T.M.); (N.N.); (W.T.); (P.R.)
- Department of Food and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Pranee Rojsitthisak
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products for Ageing and Chronic Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (K.P.A.); (J.W.T.M.); (N.N.); (W.T.); (P.R.)
- Metallurgy and Materials Science Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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27
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Malinowska M, Czerniecka M, Jastrzebska I, Ratkiewicz A, Tylicki A, Wawrusiewicz-Kurylonek N. In Vitro and In Silico Studies on Cytotoxic Properties of Oxythiamine and 2'-Methylthiamine. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4359. [PMID: 38673944 PMCID: PMC11050282 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
It is important to search for cytostatic compounds in order to fight cancer. One of them could be 2'-methylthiamine, which is a thiamine antimetabolite with an additional methyl group at the C-2 carbon of thiazole. So far, the cytostatic potential of 2'-methylthiamine has not been studied. We have come forward with a simplified method of synthesis using commercially available substrates and presented a comparison of its effects, as boosted by oxythiamine, on normal skin fibroblasts and HeLa cancer cells, having adopted in vitro culture techniques. Oxythiamine has been found to inhibit the growth and metabolism of cancer cells significantly better than 2'-methylthiamine (GI50 36 and 107 µM, respectively), while 2'-methylthiamine is more selective for cancer cells than oxythiamine (SI = 180 and 153, respectively). Docking analyses have revealed that 2'-methylthiamine (ΔG -8.2 kcal/mol) demonstrates a better affinity with thiamine pyrophosphokinase than thiamine (ΔG -7.5 kcal/mol ) and oxythiamine (ΔG -7.0 kcal/mol), which includes 2'-methylthiamine as a potential cytostatic. Our results suggest that the limited effect of 2'-methylthiamine on HeLa arises from the related arduous transport as compared to oxythiamine. Given that 2'-methylthiamine may possibly inhibit thiamine pyrophosphokinase, it could once again be considered a potential cytostatic. Thus, research should be carried out in order to find the best way to improve the transport of 2'-methylthiamine into cells, which may trigger its cytostatic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Malinowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, Ciolkowskiego 1K, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland; (M.M.); (I.J.)
| | - Magdalena Czerniecka
- Faculty of Biology, University of Bialystok, Ciolkowskiego 1J, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland;
- Laboratory of Tissue Culture, Department of Biology, University of Bialystok, Ciolkowskiego 1J, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Izabella Jastrzebska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, Ciolkowskiego 1K, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland; (M.M.); (I.J.)
| | - Artur Ratkiewicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, Ciolkowskiego 1K, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland; (M.M.); (I.J.)
| | - Adam Tylicki
- Faculty of Biology, University of Bialystok, Ciolkowskiego 1J, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland;
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28
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Hudiyanti D, Al Khafiz MF, Anam K, Siahaan P, Suyati L, Sunarsih S, Christa SM. Prospect of Gum Arabic-Cocoliposome Matrix to Encapsulate Curcumin for Oral Administration. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:944. [PMID: 38611202 PMCID: PMC11013629 DOI: 10.3390/polym16070944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Curcumin is an antioxidant that can effectively eliminate free radicals. However, as its oral bioavailability is low, an effective delivery method is required. Phospholipid-based liposomes can encapsulate lipophilic drugs, such as curcumin, while liposome, cholesterol, and gum Arabic (GA) can enhance the internal and external stability of drug membranes. This present study used concentrations of cholesterol (Cchol) and GA (CGA), ranging from 0 to 10, 20, 30, and 40% as well as 0 to 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, and 40%, respectively, to encapsulate curcumin in a GA-cocoliposome (CCL/GA) matrix and test its efficacy in simulated intestinal fluid (SIF) and simulated gastric fluid (SGF). The absence of new characteristic peaks in the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra results indicate the presence of non-covalent interactions in the CCL/GA encapsulation. Furthermore, increasing the Cchol decreased the encapsulation efficiency (EE), loading capacity (LC), and antioxidant activity (IR) of the CCL/GA encapsulation but increased its release rate (RR). Conversely, increasing CGA increased its EE and IR but decreased its LC and RR. The two conditions applied confirmed this. Liposomal curcumin had the highest IR in SIF (84.081%) and the highest RR in SGF (0.657 ppm/day). Furthermore, liposomes loaded with 10% Cchol and 20% CGA performed best in SIF, while those loaded with 10% Cchol and 30% CGA performed best in SGF. Lastly, the CCL/GA performed better in SIF than SGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dwi Hudiyanti
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Diponegoro University, Prof. Jacob Rais Street, Semarang 50275, Central Java, Indonesia; (K.A.); (P.S.); (L.S.)
| | - Muhammad Fuad Al Khafiz
- Postgraduate Chemistry Program, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Diponegoro University, Prof. Jacob Rais Street, Semarang 50275, Central Java, Indonesia;
| | - Khairul Anam
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Diponegoro University, Prof. Jacob Rais Street, Semarang 50275, Central Java, Indonesia; (K.A.); (P.S.); (L.S.)
| | - Parsaoran Siahaan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Diponegoro University, Prof. Jacob Rais Street, Semarang 50275, Central Java, Indonesia; (K.A.); (P.S.); (L.S.)
| | - Linda Suyati
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Diponegoro University, Prof. Jacob Rais Street, Semarang 50275, Central Java, Indonesia; (K.A.); (P.S.); (L.S.)
| | - Sunarsih Sunarsih
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Diponegoro University, Prof. Jacob Rais Street, Semarang 50275, Central Java, Indonesia;
| | - Sherllyn Meida Christa
- Chemistry Program, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Diponegoro University, Prof. Jacob Rais Street, Semarang 50275, Central Java, Indonesia;
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29
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Duché G, Sanderson JM. The Chemical Reactivity of Membrane Lipids. Chem Rev 2024; 124:3284-3330. [PMID: 38498932 PMCID: PMC10979411 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
It is well-known that aqueous dispersions of phospholipids spontaneously assemble into bilayer structures. These structures have numerous applications across chemistry and materials science and form the fundamental structural unit of the biological membrane. The particular environment of the lipid bilayer, with a water-poor low dielectric core surrounded by a more polar and better hydrated interfacial region, gives the membrane particular biophysical and physicochemical properties and presents a unique environment for chemical reactions to occur. Many different types of molecule spanning a range of sizes, from dissolved gases through small organics to proteins, are able to interact with membranes and promote chemical changes to lipids that subsequently affect the physicochemical properties of the bilayer. This Review describes the chemical reactivity exhibited by lipids in their membrane form, with an emphasis on conditions where the lipids are well hydrated in the form of bilayers. Key topics include the following: lytic reactions of glyceryl esters, including hydrolysis, aminolysis, and transesterification; oxidation reactions of alkenes in unsaturated fatty acids and sterols, including autoxidation and oxidation by singlet oxygen; reactivity of headgroups, particularly with reactive carbonyl species; and E/Z isomerization of alkenes. The consequences of reactivity for biological activity and biophysical properties are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genevieve Duché
- Génie
Enzimatique et Cellulaire, Université
Technologique de Compiègne, Compiègne 60200, France
| | - John M Sanderson
- Chemistry
Department, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
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30
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Lutta A, Knopp MM, Tollemeto M, Pedersen GK, Schmidt ST, Grohganz H, Hagner Nielsen L. The interplay between trehalose and dextran as spray drying precursors for cationic liposomes. Int J Pharm 2024; 652:123798. [PMID: 38190949 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.123798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Successful oral delivery of liposomes requires formulations designed to withstand harsh gastrointestinal conditions, e.g., by converting to solid-state followed by loading into gastro-resistant delivery devices. The hypothesis was that the use of dextran-trehalose mixtures for spray drying would improve the rehydration kinetics of dried liposomes. The objectives were to determine the protective capacity of trehalose-dextran dehydration precursors and to increase the concentration of liposomes in the dry formulation volume. The study successfully demonstrated that 8.5% dextran combined with 76.5% trehalose protected CAF®04 liposomes during drying, with the liposome content maintained at 15% of the dry powder. Accordingly, the rehydration kinetics were slightly improved in formulations containing up to 8.5% dextran in the dry powder volume. Additionally, a 2.4-fold increase in lipid concentration (3 mM vs 7.245 mM) was achieved for spray dried CAF®04 liposomes. Ultimately, this study demonstrates the significance of trehalose as a primary carrier during spray drying of CAF®04 liposomes and highlights the advantage of incorporating small amounts of dextran to tune rehydration kinetics of spray-dried liposomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anitta Lutta
- Technical University of Denmark, Department of Health Technology, Ørsteds Plads 345C, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark; Statens Serum Institut, Department of Infectious Disease and Immunology, Artillerivej 5, 2300 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Matthias M Knopp
- Bioneer:FARMA, Department of Pharmacy, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Matteo Tollemeto
- Technical University of Denmark, Department of Health Technology, Ørsteds Plads 345C, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Gabriel K Pedersen
- Statens Serum Institut, Department of Infectious Disease and Immunology, Artillerivej 5, 2300 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Signe T Schmidt
- Statens Serum Institut, Department of Infectious Disease and Immunology, Artillerivej 5, 2300 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Holger Grohganz
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Pharmacy, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Line Hagner Nielsen
- Technical University of Denmark, Department of Health Technology, Ørsteds Plads 345C, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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31
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Liu Y, Sun Q, Wei X. Strategies and techniques for preclinical therapeutic targeting of PI3K in oncology: where do we stand in 2024? Expert Opin Ther Targets 2024; 28:221-232. [PMID: 38646899 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2024.2342522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway is an important signaling pathway in eukaryotic cells that is activated in a variety of cancers and is also associated with treatment resistance. This signaling pathway is an important target for anticancer therapy and holds great promise for research. At the same time PI3K inhibitors have a general problem that they have unavoidable toxic side effects. AREAS COVERED This review provides an explanation of the role of PI3K in the development and progression of cancer, including several important mutations, and a table listing the cancers caused by these mutations. We discuss the current landscape of PI3K inhibitors in preclinical and clinical trials, address the mechanisms of resistance to PI3K inhibition along with their associated toxic effects, and highlight significant advancements in preclinical research of this field. Furthermore, based on our study and comprehension of PI3K, we provide a recapitulation of the key lessons learned from the research process and propose potential measures for improvement that could prove valuable. EXPERT OPINION The PI3K pathway is a biological pathway of great potential value. However, the reduction of its toxic side effects and combination therapies need to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Liu
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, Department of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiu Sun
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, Department of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- West China Medical Publishers, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, Department of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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Xun Z, Li T, Xue X. The application strategy of liposomes in organ targeting therapy. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 16:e1955. [PMID: 38613219 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Liposomes-microscopic phospholipid bubbles with bilayered membrane structure-have been a focal point in drug delivery research for the past 30 years. Current liposomes possess a blend of biocompatibility, drug loading efficiency, prolonged circulation and targeted delivery. Tailored liposomes, varying in size, charge, lipid composition, and ratio, have been developed to address diseases in specific organs, thereby enhancing drug circulation, accumulation at lesion sites, intracellular delivery, and treatment efficacy for various organ-specific diseases. For further successful development of this field, this review summarized liposomal strategies for targeting different organs in series of major human diseases, including widely studied cardiovascular diseases, liver and spleen immune diseases, chronic or acute kidney injury, neurodegenerative diseases, and organ-specific tumors. It highlights recent advances of liposome-mediated therapeutic agent delivery for disease intervention and organ rehabilitation, offering practical guidelines for designing organ-targeted liposomes. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies Biology-Inspired Nanomaterials > Lipid-Based Structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengyu Xun
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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Altemimi AB, Farag HAM, Salih TH, Awlqadr FH, Al-Manhel AJA, Vieira IRS, Conte-Junior CA. Application of Nanoparticles in Human Nutrition: A Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:636. [PMID: 38474764 DOI: 10.3390/nu16050636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology in human nutrition represents an innovative advance in increasing the bioavailability and efficiency of bioactive compounds. This work delves into the multifaceted dietary contributions of nanoparticles (NPs) and their utilization for improving nutrient absorption and ensuring food safety. NPs exhibit exceptional solubility, a significant surface-to-volume ratio, and diameters ranging from 1 to 100 nm, rendering them invaluable for applications such as tissue engineering and drug delivery, as well as elevating food quality. The encapsulation of vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants within NPs introduces an innovative approach to counteract nutritional instabilities and low solubility, promoting human health. Nanoencapsulation methods have included the production of nanocomposites, nanofibers, and nanoemulsions to benefit the delivery of bioactive food compounds. Nutrition-based nanotechnology and nanoceuticals are examined for their economic viability and potential to increase nutrient absorption. Although the advancement of nanotechnology in food demonstrates promising results, some limitations and concerns related to safety and regulation need to be widely discussed in future research. Thus, the potential of nanotechnology could open new paths for applications and significant advances in food, benefiting human nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammar B Altemimi
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, Basrah 61004, Iraq
- College of Medicine, University of Warith Al-Anbiyaa, Karbala 56001, Iraq
| | - Halgord Ali M Farag
- Halabja Research Center, Halabja Technical College Applied Science, Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Sulaimani 46002, Iraq
- Harem Research Center, Department of Nutrition and Diet Therapy, Harem Hospital, Sulaimani 46001, Iraq
| | - Tablo H Salih
- Halabja Research Center, Halabja Technical College Applied Science, Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Sulaimani 46002, Iraq
- Harem Research Center, Department of Nutrition and Diet Therapy, Harem Hospital, Sulaimani 46001, Iraq
| | - Farhang H Awlqadr
- Halabja Research Center, Halabja Technical College Applied Science, Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Sulaimani 46002, Iraq
| | | | - Italo Rennan Sousa Vieira
- Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, RJ, Brazil
| | - Carlos Adam Conte-Junior
- Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, RJ, Brazil
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Zöller K, Haddadzadegan S, Lindner S, Veider F, Bernkop-Schnürch A. Design of charge converting lipid nanoparticles via a microfluidic coating technique. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024:10.1007/s13346-024-01538-5. [PMID: 38381318 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-024-01538-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
It was the aim of this study to design charge converting lipid nanoparticles (LNP) via a microfluidic mixing technique used for the preparation and coating of LNP. LNP consisting of 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DSPC), cholesterol, N-(carbonyl-methoxypolyethyleneglycol-2000)-1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (MPEG-2000-DSPE), and various cationic surfactants were prepared at diverging flow rate ratios (FRR) via microfluidic mixing. Utilizing a second chip in the microfluidic set-up, LNP were coated with polyoxyethylene (9) nonylphenol monophosphate ester (PNPP). LNP were examined for their stability in different physiologically relevant media as well as for hemolytic and cytotoxic effects. Finally, phosphate release and charge conversion of PNPP-coated LNP were evaluated after incubation with alkaline phosphatase and on Caco2-cells. LNP produced at an FRR of 5:1 exhibited a size between 80 and 150 nm and a positive zeta potential. Coating with PNPP within the second chip led to LNP exhibiting a negative zeta potential. After incubation with 1 U/ml alkaline phosphatase for 4 h, zeta potential of the LNP containing 1,2-dioleoyloxy-3-trimethylammonium-propane chloride (DOTAP) as cationic component shifted from - 35 mV to approximately + 5 mV. LNP prepared with other cationic surfactants remained slightly negative after enzymatic phosphate cleavage. Manufacturing of LNP containing PNPP and DOTAP via connection of two chips in a microfluidic instrument proves to show efficient change in zeta potential from negative to positive after incubation with alkaline phosphatase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Zöller
- Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, Leopold-Franzens-University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Soheil Haddadzadegan
- Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, Leopold-Franzens-University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
- Thiomatrix Forschungs- und Beratungs GmbH, Research Center Innsbruck, Trientlgasse 65, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sera Lindner
- Thiomatrix Forschungs- und Beratungs GmbH, Research Center Innsbruck, Trientlgasse 65, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Florina Veider
- Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, Leopold-Franzens-University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andreas Bernkop-Schnürch
- Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, Leopold-Franzens-University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
- Thiomatrix Forschungs- und Beratungs GmbH, Research Center Innsbruck, Trientlgasse 65, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
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Vighetto V, Conte M, Rosso G, Carofiglio M, Sidoti Abate F, Racca L, Mesiano G, Cauda V. Anti-CD38 targeted nanotrojan horses stimulated by acoustic waves as therapeutic nanotools selectively against Burkitt's lymphoma cells. DISCOVER NANO 2024; 19:28. [PMID: 38353903 PMCID: PMC10866835 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-024-03976-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The horizon of nanomedicine research is moving toward the design of therapeutic tools able to be completely safe per se, and simultaneously be capable of becoming toxic when externally activated by stimuli of different nature. Among all the stimuli, ultrasounds come to the fore as an innovative approach to produce cytotoxicity on demand in presence of NPs, without invasiveness, with high biosafety and low cost. In this context, zinc oxide nanoparticles (NPs) are among the most promising metal oxide materials for theranostic application due to their optical and semi-conductor properties, high surface reactivity, and their response to ultrasound irradiation. Here, ZnO nanocrystals constitute the stimuli-responsive core with a customized biomimicking lipidic shielding, resembling the composition of natural extracellular vesicles. This core-shell hybrid structure provides high bio- and hemocompatibility towards healthy cells and is here proofed for the treatment of Burkitt's Lymphoma. This is a very common haematological tumor, typically found in children, for which consolidated therapies are so far the combination of chemo-therapy drugs and targeted immunotherapy. In this work, the proposed safe-by-design antiCD38-targeted hybrid nanosystem exhibits an efficient selectivity toward cancerous cells, and an on-demand activation, leading to a significant killing efficacy due to the synergistic interaction between US and targeted hybrid NPs. Interestingly, this innovative treatment does not significantly affect healthy B lymphocytes nor a negative control cancer cell line, a CD38- acute myeloid leukemia, being thus highly specific and targeted. Different characterization and analyses confirmed indeed the effective formation of targeted hybrid ZnO NPs, their cellular internalization and the damages produced in Burkitt's Lymphoma cells only with respect to the other cell lines. The presented work holds promises for future clinical applications, as well as translation to other tumor types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Vighetto
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129, Turin, Italy
| | - Marzia Conte
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129, Turin, Italy
| | - Giada Rosso
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129, Turin, Italy
| | - Marco Carofiglio
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129, Turin, Italy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologine Mario Negri, IRCCS, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Sidoti Abate
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129, Turin, Italy
| | - Luisa Racca
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129, Turin, Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Giulia Mesiano
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129, Turin, Italy
| | - Valentina Cauda
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129, Turin, Italy.
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Wei J, Zhou Y, He Y, Zhao W, Luo Z, Yang J, Mao H, Gu Z. Customizing biomimetic surface attributes of dendritic lipopeptide nanoplatforms for extended circulation. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2024; 56:102726. [PMID: 38052371 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2023.102726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
The pressing demand for innovative approaches to create delivery systems with heightened drug loading and prolonged circulation has spurred numerous efforts, yielding some successes but accompanied by constraints. Our study proposes employing dendritic lipopeptide with precisely balanced opposing charges to extend blood residency for biomimetic nanoplatforms. Neutrally mixed-charged zwitterionic nanoparticles (NNPs) achieved a notable 19 % simvastatin loading content and kept stable even after one-month storage at 4 °C. These nanoplatforms demonstrated low cytotoxicity in NIH-3T3 and L02 cells and negligible hemolysis (<5 %). NNPs inhibited protein adhesion (>95 %) from positively and negatively charged sources through surface hydration. In comparison to positively charged CNPs, NNPs demonstrated an 86 % decrease in phagocytic rate by BMDMs, highlighting their efficacy. Importantly, NNPs showed prolonged circulation compared to CNPs and free simvastatin. These findings highlight the potential of this biomimetic nanoplatform for future therapeutic applications with enhanced drug loading and circulation traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Wei
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China; Research Institute for Biomaterials, Tech Institute for Advanced Materials, NJTech-BARTY Joint Research Center for Innovative Medical Technology, Suqian Advanced Materials Industry Technology Innovation Center, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Yin Zhou
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China; Research Institute for Biomaterials, Tech Institute for Advanced Materials, NJTech-BARTY Joint Research Center for Innovative Medical Technology, Suqian Advanced Materials Industry Technology Innovation Center, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Yiyan He
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China; Research Institute for Biomaterials, Tech Institute for Advanced Materials, NJTech-BARTY Joint Research Center for Innovative Medical Technology, Suqian Advanced Materials Industry Technology Innovation Center, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China.
| | - Wentao Zhao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China; Research Institute for Biomaterials, Tech Institute for Advanced Materials, NJTech-BARTY Joint Research Center for Innovative Medical Technology, Suqian Advanced Materials Industry Technology Innovation Center, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Zhiqiang Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, PR China
| | - Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, PR China.
| | - Hongli Mao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China; Research Institute for Biomaterials, Tech Institute for Advanced Materials, NJTech-BARTY Joint Research Center for Innovative Medical Technology, Suqian Advanced Materials Industry Technology Innovation Center, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China.
| | - Zhongwei Gu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China; Research Institute for Biomaterials, Tech Institute for Advanced Materials, NJTech-BARTY Joint Research Center for Innovative Medical Technology, Suqian Advanced Materials Industry Technology Innovation Center, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China; Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
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37
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Song X, Zhang Y, Tang Z, Du L. Advantages of nanocarriers for basic research in the field of traumatic brain injury. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:237-245. [PMID: 37488872 PMCID: PMC10503611 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.379041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
A major challenge for the efficient treatment of traumatic brain injury is the need for therapeutic molecules to cross the blood-brain barrier to enter and accumulate in brain tissue. To overcome this problem, researchers have begun to focus on nanocarriers and other brain-targeting drug delivery systems. In this review, we summarize the epidemiology, basic pathophysiology, current clinical treatment, the establishment of models, and the evaluation indicators that are commonly used for traumatic brain injury. We also report the current status of traumatic brain injury when treated with nanocarriers such as liposomes and vesicles. Nanocarriers can overcome a variety of key biological barriers, improve drug bioavailability, increase intracellular penetration and retention time, achieve drug enrichment, control drug release, and achieve brain-targeting drug delivery. However, the application of nanocarriers remains in the basic research stage and has yet to be fully translated to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingshuang Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yizhi Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ziyan Tang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lina Du
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
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38
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Xie P, Yang X, Fatima Z, Yang R, Sun H, Xing Y, Xu X, Gu J, Liu L, Li D. Simultaneous separation and analysis of multiple doxorubicin hydrochloride liposomes forms in serum by circular nonuniform electric field gel electrophoresis. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1287:342110. [PMID: 38182347 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.342110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liposomal formulations have traditionally been considered the most therapeutically effective drug delivery systems (DDS). However, their pharmacokinetics study and efficacy assessment are still challenging given size heterogeneity and unknown forms in vivo. The pharmacodynamic evaluation that solely analyzes total drug concentration is unfit for the liposomal formulation study. Hence, it is crucial to develop effective strategies for the separation and analysis of different forms of liposomal formulations in order to contribute to the study of pharmacokinetic profiles associated with both liposome-incorporated and non-liposomal drugs. (84) RESULTS: A laboratory-built circular nonuniform electric field gel electrophoresis (CNEFGE) system was developed in this study for simultaneous separation and analysis of various forms of doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX•HCl) liposomes. Liposomes were effectively fractionized based on their size and higher concentration in situ in the concentration zone, obtaining liposome recovery >95 % and a 3.04 concentration factor. It was found that the technique could be used to evaluate not only the size distribution of liposomes but also the drug loading capacity related to size. The charge-to-size-based separation mechanism has also allowed the simultaneous separation of liposome-entrapped drugs, protein-bound drugs, and free drugs in various forms, and the technique has been successfully employed in serum. Moreover, the quantification analysis of liposomes incubated with serum for 72 h showed that the proportion of the ratio of DOX•HCl in liposome-entrapped drugs, protein-bound drugs, and free drugs is approximately 97:2:1. (143) SIGNIFICANCE: Using the separation principle of gel electrophoresis and the electrification characteristics of drug carriers, this study developed and implemented an efficient approach for the simultaneous separation and concentration of multiple forms of drug liposomes in vivo. This approach offers a wide range of applications in the pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and safety evaluation of drug carriers and liposomes. (56).
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Affiliation(s)
- Peijie Xie
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji City 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Xinlei Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji City 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Zakia Fatima
- Department of Chemistry, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji City 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Ruilin Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji City 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Huaze Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji City 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yuhang Xing
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji City 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji City 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Jingkai Gu
- Research Center for Drug Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Pathology and Pathophysiology, Medical College, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji City 133002, Jilin Province, China.
| | - Donghao Li
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji City 133002, Jilin Province, China; Department of Chemistry, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji City 133002, Jilin Province, China; Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China.
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39
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Du C, Woolcott S, Wahba AS, Hamry SR, Odette WL, Thibodeaux CJ, Marchand P, Mauzeroll J. Evaluation of Quatsome Morphology, Composition, and Stability for Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm Eradication. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:1623-1632. [PMID: 38194503 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Biofilm infections are a major cause of food poisoning and hospital-acquired infections. Quaternary ammonium compounds are a group of effective disinfectants widely used in industry and households, yet their efficacy is lessened when used as antibiofilm agents compared to that against planktonic bacteria. It is therefore necessary to identify alternative formulations of quaternary ammonium compounds to achieve an effective biofilm dispersal. Quaternary ammonium amphiphiles can form vesicular structures termed "quatsomes" in the presence of cholesterol. In addition to their intrinsic antimicrobial properties, quatsomes can also be used for the delivery of other types of antibiotics or biomarkers. In this study, quatsomes were prepared from binary mixtures of cholesterol and mono- or dialkyl-quaternary ammonium compounds; then, the integrity and stability of their vesicular structure were assessed and related to monomer chain number and chain length. The quatsomes were used to treat Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms, showing effective antibiofilm abilities comparable to those of their monomers. A systematic liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method for quantifying quatsome vesicle components was also developed and used to establish the significance of cholesterol in the quatsome self-assembly processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changyue Du
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Sascha Woolcott
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | | | - Sally R Hamry
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - William L Odette
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | | | - Patrick Marchand
- Sani-Marc Group, 42 Rue De L'Artisan, Victoriaville, Quebec G6P 7E3, Canada
| | - Janine Mauzeroll
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
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40
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He S, Liu S. Zwitterionic materials for nucleic acid delivery and therapeutic applications. J Control Release 2024; 365:919-935. [PMID: 38103789 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Nucleic acid therapeutics have demonstrated substantial potential in combating various diseases. However, challenges persist, particularly in the delivery of multifunctional nucleic acids. To address this issue, numerous gene delivery vectors have been developed to fully unlock the potential of gene therapy. The advancement of innovative materials with exceptional delivery properties is critical to propel the clinical translation of nucleic acid drugs. Cationic vector materials have received extensive attention, while zwitterionic materials remain relatively underappreciated in delivery. In this review, we outline a diverse range of zwitterionic material nucleic acid carriers, predominantly encompassing zwitterionic lipids, polymers and peptides. Their respective chemical structures, synthesis approaches, properties, advantages, and therapeutic applications are summarized and discussed. Furthermore, we highlight the challenges and future opportunities associated with the development of zwitterionic vector materials. This review will aid to understand the zwitterionic materials in aiding gene delivery, contributing to the continual progress of nucleic acid therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun He
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311121, China; National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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41
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Wang S, Wang H, Drabek A, Smith WS, Liang F, Huang ZR. Unleashing the Potential: Designing Antibody-Targeted Lipid Nanoparticles for Industrial Applications with CMC Considerations and Clinical Outlook. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:4-17. [PMID: 38117251 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Antibody-targeted lipid nanoparticles (Ab-LNPs) are rapidly gaining traction as multifaceted platforms in precision medicine, adept at delivering a diverse array of therapeutic agents, including nucleic acids and small molecules. This review provides an incisive overview of the latest developments in the field of Ab-LNP technology, with a special emphasis on pivotal design aspects such as antibody engineering, bioconjugation strategies, and advanced formulation techniques. Furthermore, it addresses critical chemistry, manufacturing, and controls (CMC) considerations and thoroughly examines the in vivo dynamics of Ab-LNPs, underscoring their promising potential for clinical application. By seamlessly blending scientific advancements with practical industrial perspectives, this review casts a spotlight on the burgeoning role of Ab-LNPs as an innovative and potent tool in the realm of targeted drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheryl Wang
- Sanofi, Genomic Medicine Unit, 225 Second Avenue, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Hong Wang
- Sanofi, Genomic Medicine Unit, 225 Second Avenue, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Andrew Drabek
- Sanofi, Genomic Medicine Unit, 225 Second Avenue, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Wenwen Sha Smith
- FUSION BioVenture, 15 Presidential Way, Woburn, Massachusetts 01801, United States
| | - Feng Liang
- Sanofi, Genomic Medicine Unit, 225 Second Avenue, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Zhaohua Richard Huang
- Sanofi, Genomic Medicine Unit, 225 Second Avenue, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
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Verduin J, Tutiš L, Becking AJ, Famili A, Zhang K, Pirok BWJ, Somsen GW. Characterization of Dye-Loaded Poly(lactic- co-glycolic acid) Nanoparticles by Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Liquid Chromatography Combining Hydrodynamic and Reversed-Phase Liquid Chromatography. Anal Chem 2023; 95:18767-18775. [PMID: 38092659 PMCID: PMC10753526 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Analytical methods for the assessment of drug-delivery systems (DDSs) are commonly suitable for characterizing individual DDS properties, but do not allow determination of several properties simultaneously. A comprehensive online two-dimensional liquid chromatography (LC × LC) system was developed that is aimed to be capable of characterizing both nanoparticle size and encapsulated cargo over the particle size distribution of a DDS by using one integrated method. Polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) with encapsulated hydrophobic dyes were used as model DDSs. Hydrodynamic chromatography (HDC) was used in the first dimension to separate the intact NPs and to determine the particle size distribution. Fractions from the first dimension were taken comprehensively and disassembled online by the addition of an organic solvent, thereby releasing the encapsulated cargo. Reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) was used as a second dimension to separate the released dyes. Conditions were optimized to ensure the complete disassembly of the NPs and the dissolution of the dyes during the solvent modulation step. Subsequently, stationary-phase-assisted modulation (SPAM) was applied for trapping and preconcentration of the analytes, thereby minimizing the risk of analyte precipitation or breakthrough. The developed HDC × RPLC method allows for the characterization of encapsulated cargo as a function of intact nanoparticle size and shows potential for the analysis of API stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshka Verduin
- Department
of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular
and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Centre
of Analytical Sciences Amsterdam (CASA), Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Luca Tutiš
- Department
of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular
and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Centre
of Analytical Sciences Amsterdam (CASA), Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander J. Becking
- Department
of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular
and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Centre
of Analytical Sciences Amsterdam (CASA), Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Amin Famili
- Synthetic
Molecule Pharmaceutical Sciences, Genentech,
Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Kelly Zhang
- Synthetic
Molecule Pharmaceutical Sciences, Genentech,
Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Bob W. J. Pirok
- Centre
of Analytical Sciences Amsterdam (CASA), Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- van
’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), Analytical-Chemistry
Group, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Govert W. Somsen
- Department
of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular
and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Centre
of Analytical Sciences Amsterdam (CASA), Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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43
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Li YR, Lyu Z, Tian Y, Fang Y, Zhu Y, Chen Y, Yang L. Advancements in CRISPR screens for the development of cancer immunotherapy strategies. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2023; 31:100733. [PMID: 37876793 PMCID: PMC10591018 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2023.100733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
CRISPR screen technology enables systematic and scalable interrogation of gene function by using the CRISPR-Cas9 system to perturb gene expression. In the field of cancer immunotherapy, this technology has empowered the discovery of genes, biomarkers, and pathways that regulate tumor development and progression, immune reactivity, and the effectiveness of immunotherapeutic interventions. By conducting large-scale genetic screens, researchers have successfully identified novel targets to impede tumor growth, enhance anti-tumor immune responses, and surmount immunosuppression within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Here, we present an overview of CRISPR screens conducted in tumor cells for the purpose of identifying novel therapeutic targets. We also explore the application of CRISPR screens in immune cells to propel the advancement of cell-based therapies, encompassing T cells, natural killer cells, dendritic cells, and macrophages. Furthermore, we outline the crucial components necessary for the successful implementation of immune-specific CRISPR screens and explore potential directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ruide Li
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Zibai Lyu
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Yanxin Tian
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Ying Fang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Yichen Zhu
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Yuning Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Lili Yang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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44
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van der Zon AAM, Verduin J, van den Hurk RS, Gargano AFG, Pirok BWJ. Sample transformation in online separations: how chemical conversion advances analytical technology. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 60:36-50. [PMID: 38053451 PMCID: PMC10729587 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc03599a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
While the advent of modern analytical technology has allowed scientists to determine the complexity of mixtures, it also spurred the demand to understand these sophisticated mixtures better. Chemical transformation can be used to provide insights into properties of complex samples such as degradation pathways or molecular heterogeneity that are otherwise unaccessible. In this article, we explore how sample transformation is exploited across different application fields to empower analytical methods. Transformation mechanisms include molecular-weight reduction, controlled degradation, and derivatization. Both offline and online transformation methods have been explored. The covered studies show that sample transformation facilitates faster reactions (e.g. several hours to minutes), reduces sample complexity, unlocks new sample dimensions (e.g. functional groups), provides correlations between multiple sample dimensions, and improves detectability. The article highlights the state-of-the-art and future prospects, focusing in particular on the characterization of protein and nucleic-acid therapeutics, nanoparticles, synthetic polymers, and small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika A M van der Zon
- University of Amsterdam, van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Analytical Chemistry Group, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Centre of Analytical Sciences Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joshka Verduin
- Centre of Analytical Sciences Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences, Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rick S van den Hurk
- University of Amsterdam, van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Analytical Chemistry Group, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Centre of Analytical Sciences Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea F G Gargano
- University of Amsterdam, van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Analytical Chemistry Group, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Centre of Analytical Sciences Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bob W J Pirok
- University of Amsterdam, van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Analytical Chemistry Group, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Centre of Analytical Sciences Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Wiedmer SK, Riekkola ML. Field-flow fractionation - an excellent tool for fractionation, isolation and/or purification of biomacromolecules. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1712:464492. [PMID: 37944435 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Field-flow fractionation (FFF) with its several variants, has developed into a mature methodology. The scope of the FFF investigations has expanded, covering both a wide range of basic studies and especially a wide range of analytical applications. Special attention of this review is given to the achievements of FFF with reference to recent applications in the fractionation, isolation, and purification of biomacromolecules, and from which especially those of (in alphabetical order) bacteria, cells, extracellular vesicles, liposomes, lipoproteins, nucleic acids, and viruses and virus-like particles. In evaluating the major approaches and trends demonstrated since 2012, the most significant biomacromolecule applications are compiled in tables. It is also evident that asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation is by far the most dominant technique in the studies. The industry has also shown current interest in FFF and adopted it in some sophisticated fields. FFF, in combination with appropriate detectors, handles biomacromolecules in open channel in a gentle way due to the lack of shear forces and unwanted interactions caused by the stationary phase present in chromatography. In addition, in isolation and purification of biomacromolecules quite high yields can be achieved under optimal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne K Wiedmer
- Department of Chemistry, POB 55, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
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46
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Gu H, Chen P, Liu X, Lian Y, Xi J, Li J, Song J, Li X. Trimethylated chitosan-coated flexible liposomes with resveratrol for topical drug delivery to reduce blue-light-induced retinal damage. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 252:126480. [PMID: 37634770 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
LED-related blue-light-induced damage can cause eye diseases. However, drug delivery in patients with ocular diseases is faced with various challenges. In this study, we developed flexible liposomes based on trimethylated chitosan (TMC-Lipo) to deliver resveratrol for the treatment of retinal diseases. Flexible liposomes can easily cross various biological barriers. Chitosan and its derivatives have adhesive properties and are widely used in mucoadhesive drug delivery systems. Therefore, we wrapped flexible liposomes with trimethylated chitosan via electrostatic adsorption. The charge of the flexible liposomes became positive after encapsulation in TMC, and they remained stable in artificial tears. We assessed the safety of TMC-Lipo in cellular and zebrafish experiments and found that it can be safely used. In addition, treatment with TMC-Lipo significantly reduced H2O2-induced damage to ARPE-19 cells, restored mitochondrial membrane potential, and protected the cells. TMC-Lipo more easily reached the posterior ocular segment of the mice than liposome nanoparticles and attenuated blue-light-induced retinal cytopathy. Our study demonstrates that effective eye drop formulations can be developed based on trimethylated chitosan, which provides a promising approach for the treatment of ocular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Xing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingjing Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Jingyao Song
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Xiaofang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
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47
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Chen JW, Liew FF, Tan HW, Misran M, Chung I. Cholesterol-linoleic acid liposomes induced extracellular vesicles secretion from immortalized adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells for in vitro cell migration. ARTIFICIAL CELLS, NANOMEDICINE, AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 51:346-360. [PMID: 37524112 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2023.2237534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small vesicles that are naturally released by cells and play a crucial role in cell-to-cell communication, tissue repair and regeneration. As naturally secreted EVs are limited, liposomes with different physicochemical properties, such as 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium propane (DOTAP) and linoleic acid (LA) with modifications have been formulated to improve EVs secretion for in vitro wound healing. Various analyses, including dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were performed to monitor the successful preparation of different types of liposomes. The results showed that cholesterol-LA liposomes significantly improved the secretion of EVs from immortalized adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) by 1.5-fold. Based on the cell migration effects obtained from scratch assay, both LA liposomal-induced EVs and cholesterol-LA liposomal-induced EVs significantly enhanced the migration of human keratinocytes (HaCaT) cell line. These findings suggested that LA and cholesterol-LA liposomes that enhance EVs secretion are potentially useful and can be extended for various tissue regeneration applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jzit Weii Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Fong Fong Liew
- Department of Oral Biology and Biomedical Science, Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hsiao Wei Tan
- Institute of Research Management and Services, Research and Innovation Management Complex, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Misni Misran
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ivy Chung
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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48
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Giordani S, Marassi V, Zattoni A, Roda B, Reschiglian P. Liposomes characterization for market approval as pharmaceutical products: Analytical methods, guidelines and standardized protocols. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 236:115751. [PMID: 37778202 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Liposomes are nano-sized lipid-based vesicles widely studied for their drug delivery capabilities. Compared to standard carries they exhibit better properties such as improved site-targeting and drug release, protection of drugs from degradation and clearance, and lower toxic side effects. At present, scientific literature is rich of studies regarding liposomes-based systems, while 14 types of liposomal products have been authorized to the market by EMA and FDA and many others have been approved by national agencies. Although the interest in nanodevices and nanomedicine has steadily increased in the last two decades the development of documentation regulating and standardizing all the phases of their development and quality control still suffers from major inadequacy due to the intrinsic complexity of nano-systems characterization. Many generic documents (Type 1) discussing guidelines for the study of nano-systems (lipidic and not) have been proposed while there is a lack of robust and standardized methods (Type 2 documents). As a result, a widespread of different techniques, approaches and methodologies are being used, generating results of variable quality and hard to compare with each other. Additionally, such documents are often subject to updates and rewriting further complicating the topic. Within this context the aim of this work is focused on bridging the gap in liposome characterization: the most recent standardized methodologies suitable for liposomes characterization are here reported (with the corresponding Type 2 documents) and revised in a short and pragmatical way focused on providing the reader with a practical background of the state of the art. In particular, this paper will put the accent on the methodologies developed to evaluate the main critical quality attributes (CQAs) necessary for liposomes market approval.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Giordani
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Valentina Marassi
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; byFlow srl, 40129 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Andrea Zattoni
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; byFlow srl, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Barbara Roda
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; byFlow srl, 40129 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Pierluigi Reschiglian
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; byFlow srl, 40129 Bologna, Italy
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49
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Jiang C, Zhou Y, Chen R, Yang M, Zhou H, Tang Z, Shi H, Qin D. Nanomaterial-Based Drug Delivery Systems for Ischemic Stroke. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2669. [PMID: 38140010 PMCID: PMC10748360 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15122669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and disability in the world. At present, reperfusion therapy and neuroprotective therapy, as guidelines for identifying effective and adjuvant treatment methods, are limited by treatment time windows, drug bioavailability, and side effects. Nanomaterial-based drug delivery systems have the characteristics of extending half-life, increasing bioavailability, targeting drug delivery, controllable drug release, and low toxicity, thus being used in the treatment of ischemic stroke to increase the therapeutic effects of drugs. Therefore, this review provides a comprehensive overview of nanomaterial-based drug delivery systems from nanocarriers, targeting ligands and stimulus factors of drug release, aiming to find the best combination of nanomaterial-based drug delivery systems for ischemic stroke. Finally, future research areas on nanomaterial-based drug delivery systems in ischemic stroke and the implications of the current knowledge for the development of novel treatment for ischemic stroke were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengting Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; (C.J.); (M.Y.)
- School of Basic Medical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; (R.C.); (H.Z.); (Z.T.)
| | - Yang Zhou
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China;
| | - Rong Chen
- School of Basic Medical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; (R.C.); (H.Z.); (Z.T.)
| | - Mengjia Yang
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; (C.J.); (M.Y.)
- School of Basic Medical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; (R.C.); (H.Z.); (Z.T.)
| | - Haimei Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; (R.C.); (H.Z.); (Z.T.)
| | - Zhengxiu Tang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; (R.C.); (H.Z.); (Z.T.)
| | - Hongling Shi
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming 650021, China
| | - Dongdong Qin
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; (C.J.); (M.Y.)
- School of Basic Medical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; (R.C.); (H.Z.); (Z.T.)
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50
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Bellavita R, Braccia S, Falanga A, Galdiero S. An Overview of Supramolecular Platforms Boosting Drug Delivery. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2023; 2023:8608428. [PMID: 38028018 PMCID: PMC10661875 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8608428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous supramolecular platforms inspired by natural self-assembly are exploited as drug delivery systems. The spontaneous arrangement of single building blocks into inorganic and organic structures is determined and controlled by noncovalent forces such as electrostatic interactions, π-π interactions, hydrogen bonds, and van der Waals interactions. This review describes the main structures and characteristics of several building blocks used to obtain stable, self-assembling nanostructures tailored for numerous biological applications. Owing to their versatility, biocompatibility, and controllability, these nanostructures find application in diverse fields ranging from drug/gene delivery, theranostics, tissue engineering, and nanoelectronics. Herein, we described the different approaches used to design and functionalize these nanomaterials to obtain selective drug delivery in a specific disease. In particular, the review highlights the efficiency of these supramolecular structures in applications related to infectious diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Bellavita
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples ‘Federico II', Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Simone Braccia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples ‘Federico II', Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Annarita Falanga
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples ‘Federico II', Portici 80055, Italy
| | - Stefania Galdiero
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples ‘Federico II', Naples 80131, Italy
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