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Li S, He X, Zhang X, Kong KW, Xie J, Sun J, Wang Z. Integration of volatile and non-volatile metabolite profile, and in vitro digestion reveals the differences between different preparation methods on physico-chemical and biological properties of Gastrodia elata. Food Chem 2024; 463:141177. [PMID: 39260170 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.141177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Gastrodia elata Blume (G. elata) is a traditional medicinal and edible plant whose quality is significantly influenced by post-harvest processing. To obtain an optimal post-harvest processing method for G. elata, this study employed sensory evaluation, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS), and non-targeted metabolomics, in conjunction with an in vitro digestion model, to assess the impact of different processing and drying methods on the quality of G. elata. The findings showed that the steam treatment followed by heat pump drying resulted in the highest levels of total phenols, total flavonoids, and polysaccharides in G. elata, and caused more pronounced damage to its microstructure. This treatment also maintained the highest antioxidant activities and optimal acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition capacity throughout in vitro digestion, meanwhile, effectively eliminating the unpleasant odor and achieving the highest sensory scores. Furthermore, non-targeted metabolomic analysis revealed noteworthy alterations in the metabolite profile of G. elata, mainly related to purine metabolism and the biosynthesis of amino acids pathways. This study provides valuable insights into the post-harvest processing of G. elata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Li
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of In-forest Resource, Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Science and Food Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Xiahong He
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of In-forest Resource, Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Science and Food Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China.
| | - Xuechun Zhang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of In-forest Resource, Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Science and Food Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Kin Weng Kong
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Jianhua Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Storage-Processing Technology, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Zhenxing Wang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of In-forest Resource, Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Science and Food Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China.
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2
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Lotfi Shahpar E, Mahdavi A, Mohamadnia Z. Inhibitory Effects, Fluorescence Studies, and Molecular Docking Analysis of Some Novel Pyridine-Based Compounds on Mushroom Tyrosinase. Biochemistry 2024; 63:2063-2074. [PMID: 39110954 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.4c00204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
Melanin biosynthesis in different organisms is performed by a tyrosinase action. Excessive enzyme activity and pigment accumulation result in different diseases and disorders including skin cancers, blemishes, and darkening. In fruits and vegetables, it causes unwanted browning of these products and reduces their appearance quality and economic value. Inhibiting enzyme activity and finding novel powerful and safe inhibitors are highly important in agriculture, food, medical, and pharmaceutical industries. In this regard, in the present study, some novel synthetic pyridine-based compounds including 2,6-bis (tosyloxymethyl) pyridine (compound 3), 2,6-bis (butylthiomethyl) pyridine (compound 4), and 2,6-bis (phenylthiomethyl) pyridine (compound 5) were synthesized for the first time, and their inhibitory potencies were assessed on mushroom tyrosinase diphenolase activity. The results showed that while all tested compounds significantly decreased the enzyme activity, compounds 4 and 5 had the highest inhibitory effects (respectively, 80 and 89% inhibition with the IC50 values of 17.0 and 9.0 μmol L-1), and the inhibition mechanism was mixed-type for both compounds. Ligand-binding studies were carried out by fluorescence quenching and molecular docking methods to investigate the enzyme-compound interactions. Fluorescence quenching results revealed that the compounds can form nonfluorescent complexes with the enzyme and result in quenching of its intrinsic emission by the static process. Molecular docking analyses predicted the binding positions and the amino acid residues involved in the interactions. These compounds appear to be suitable candidates for more studies on tyrosinase inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elahe Lotfi Shahpar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Gavazang, Zanjan 45195-1159, Iran
| | - Atiyeh Mahdavi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Gavazang, Zanjan 45195-1159, Iran
| | - Zahra Mohamadnia
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Gavazang, Zanjan 45195-1159, Iran
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3
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Jin ZY, He CH, Xi CY, Wang Y, Abdalla E, Chen BB, Li DW. Ultrasensitive detection of tyrosinase with click reaction-combined dark-field imaging platform. Talanta 2024; 273:125931. [PMID: 38518716 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Tyrosinase (TYR) is an essential oxidase that is responsible for the regulation of multiple physiological processes and diseases. Achieving the trace and reliable detection of TYR in complex biological samples is of great significance for the diagnosis of TYR-related diseases, but which faces a great challenge. In this study, we developed an ingenious and powerful method for the ultrasensitive detection of TYR by click reaction-combined dark-field microscopy. This method begins with the formation of cuprous ions (Cu+) based on the reduction of copper ions (Cu2+) by ascorbic acid (AA). Subsequently, the formed Cu+ can catalyze the crosslinking between azide- and alkyne-functionalized gold nanoparticles, causing a significant red-shift in the scattering spectrum. However, AA can chelate with TYR, which inhibits the generation of Cu+ and subsequent click reaction, thus achieving TYR-controlled scattering spectral shift. The proposed sensing platform shows a good linear detection range of 0.01-0.8 U/L with a low detection limit of 0.003 U/L, which is three orders of magnitude lower than the best performance of TYR sensing probes reported to date. Most importantly, the strategy has the ability to reliably and accurately detect TYR in serum sample, suggesting its potential clinical application in diagnosing TYR-related diseases. This visual sensing platform offers promising prospects for future research in enzymatic analysis and biomedical diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Yue Jin
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology & Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Cai-Hong He
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology & Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Cheng-Ye Xi
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology & Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology & Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Eshtiag Abdalla
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology & Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Bin-Bin Chen
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology & Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China; School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen (CUHK-Shenzhen), Shenzhen City, Guangdong, 518172, China.
| | - Da-Wei Li
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology & Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
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4
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Chen D, Ji Y, Sun S, Pu S. A turn-on fluorescence probe for imaging tyrosinase at the wound site in broken tail of zebrafish. Bioorg Chem 2024; 146:107298. [PMID: 38503025 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Tyrosinase (TYR) is a copper-containing oxidase that affects the synthesis of melanin in the human body, which is regulate to the pigmentation of the skin. Nevertheless, abnormal expression of TYR can lead to albinism, vitiligo and other skin diseases. Excessive accumulation of TYR is a marker of melanoma cancer and an important factor leading to pigmentation during wound healing, freckles and browning of fruits and vegetables. Efficient tracking of TYR is of significance for studying its pathophysiological mechanism. Herein, we synthesized a benzindole-based fluorescent probe Pro-OH to detect TYR in living cells and zebrafish. The probe displayed a high selectivity and sensitivity in distinguishing TYR from other analytes with the low detection limit of 1.024 U/mL. Importantly, Pro-OH was successfully used to imagine TYR at the wound site of broken tail of zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingguo Chen
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, PR China
| | - Yuan Ji
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, PR China.
| | - Shiran Sun
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, PR China
| | - Shouzhi Pu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, PR China; Institute of Carbon Neutral New Energy Research, Yuzhang Normal University, Nanchang 330031, PR China.
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5
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Boateng ST, Roy T, Torrey K, Owunna U, Banang-Mbeumi S, Basnet D, Niedda E, Alexander AD, Hage DE, Atchimnaidu S, Nagalo BM, Aryal D, Findley A, Seeram NP, Efimova T, Sechi M, Hill RA, Ma H, Chamcheu JC, Murru S. Synthesis, in silico modelling, and in vitro biological evaluation of substituted pyrazole derivatives as potential anti-skin cancer, anti-tyrosinase, and antioxidant agents. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2023; 38:2205042. [PMID: 37184042 PMCID: PMC10187093 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2023.2205042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Twenty-five azole compounds (P1-P25) were synthesised using regioselective base-metal catalysed and microwave-assisted approaches, fully characterised by high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and infrared spectra (IR) analyses, and evaluated for anticancer, anti-tyrosinase, and anti-oxidant activities in silico and in vitro. P25 exhibited potent anticancer activity against cells of four skin cancer (SC) lines, with selectivity for melanoma (A375, SK-Mel-28) or non-melanoma (A431, SCC-12) SC cells over non-cancerous HaCaT-keratinocytes. Clonogenic, scratch-wound, and immunoblotting assay data were consistent with anti-proliferative results, expression profiling therewith implicating intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis activation. In a mushroom tyrosinase inhibition assay, P14 was most potent among the compounds (half-maximal inhibitory concentration where 50% of cells are dead, IC50 15.9 μM), with activity greater than arbutin and kojic acid. Also, P6 exhibited noteworthy free radical-scavenging activity. Furthermore, in silico docking and absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) simulations predicted prominent-phenotypic actives to engage diverse cancer/hyperpigmentation-related targets with relatively high affinities. Altogether, promising early-stage hits were identified - some with multiple activities - warranting further hit-to-lead optimisation chemistry with further biological evaluations, towards identifying new skin-cancer and skin-pigmentation renormalising agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel T. Boateng
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Tithi Roy
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Kara Torrey
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Bioactive Botanical Research Laboratory, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Uchechi Owunna
- School of Sciences, College of Arts, Education and Sciences, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Sergette Banang-Mbeumi
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
- School of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Louisiana Delta Community College, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - David Basnet
- School of Sciences, College of Arts, Education and Sciences, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Eleonora Niedda
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Alexis D. Alexander
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Denzel El Hage
- School of Sciences, College of Arts, Education and Sciences, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Siriki Atchimnaidu
- School of Sciences, College of Arts, Education and Sciences, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Bolni Marius Nagalo
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS), Little Rock, AR, USA
- The Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, UAMS, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Dinesh Aryal
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Affairs and Research, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Ann Findley
- School of Sciences, College of Arts, Education and Sciences, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Navindra P. Seeram
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Bioactive Botanical Research Laboratory, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Tatiana Efimova
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mario Sechi
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Ronald A. Hill
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Hang Ma
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Bioactive Botanical Research Laboratory, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Jean Christopher Chamcheu
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Siva Murru
- School of Sciences, College of Arts, Education and Sciences, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
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6
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Li Y, Du Y, Zhou Y, Chen Q, Luo Z, Ren Y, Chen X, Chen G. Iron and copper: critical executioners of ferroptosis, cuproptosis and other forms of cell death. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:327. [PMID: 37974196 PMCID: PMC10652626 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01267-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulated cell death (RCD) is a regulable cell death that involves well-organized signaling cascades and molecular mechanisms. RCD is implicated in fundamental processes such as organ production and tissue remodeling, removing superfluous structures or cells, and regulating cell numbers. Previous studies have not been able to reveal the complete mechanisms, and novel methods of RCD are constantly being proposed. Two metal ions, iron (Fe) and copper (Cu) are essential factors leading to RCDs that not only induce ferroptosis and cuproptosis, respectively but also lead to cell impairment and eventually diverse cell death. This review summarizes the direct and indirect mechanisms by which Fe and Cu impede cell growth and the various forms of RCD mediated by these two metals. Moreover, we aimed to delineate the interrelationships between these RCDs with the distinct pathways of ferroptosis and cuproptosis, shedding light on the complex and intricate mechanisms that govern cellular survival and death. Finally, the prospects outlined in this review suggest a novel approach for investigating cell death, which may involve integrating current therapeutic strategies and offer a promising solution to overcome drug resistance in certain diseases. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Li
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen, 518055, P.R. China
| | - Yuhui Du
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen, 518055, P.R. China
| | - Yujie Zhou
- Basic Science Institute, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Qianhui Chen
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhijie Luo
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yufan Ren
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xudan Chen
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guoan Chen
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen, 518055, P.R. China.
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7
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Chen Q, Zheng L, Deng X, Zhang M, Han W, Huang Z, Miao C, Weng S. A Fluorescence Biosensor for Tyrosinase Activity Analysis Based on Silicon-Doped Carbon Quantum Dots. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2023; 71:812-818. [PMID: 37704432 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c23-00410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Tyrosinase (TYR) plays a pivotal role in the biosynthesis of melanin, and its activity level holds critical implications for vitiligo, melanoma cancer, and food nutritional value. The sensitive determination of TYR activity is of great significance for both fundamental research and clinical investigations. In this work, we successfully synthesized silicon-doped carbon quantum dots (Si-CQDs) through a one-pot hydrothermal method with trans-aconitic acid as carbon source and N-[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]ethylenediamine as the dopant, exhibiting remarkable fluorescence quantum yield (QY) and photostability. Correspondingly, Si-CQDs were used as a probe to construct a sensitive, rapid, and user-friendly fluorescence method for TYR detection. The method relied on the oxidation of isoprenaline (ISO) by TYR, where Si-CQDs were employed as a highly efficient probe. The testing mechanism was the internal filtering effect (IFE) observed between Si-CQDs and the oxidative system of ISO and TYR. Under the optimized conditions, the fluorescence strategy exhibited a detection range of 0.05-2.0 U/mL for TYR with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.041 U/mL. Furthermore, we successfully demonstrated the accurate determination of TYR levels in human serum, showcasing the promising potential of this method in various practical scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Chen
- Department of Andrology & Sexual Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University
| | - Lili Zheng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University
| | - Xiaoqin Deng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University
| | - Menghan Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University
| | - Wendi Han
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University
| | - Zhengjun Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University
| | - Chenfang Miao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University
- Department of Pharmacy, The 900th Hospital of Joint Logistics Team of the PLA, Fuzhou General Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University
| | - Shaohuang Weng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University
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8
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Miao C, Zhou X, Huang X, Huang J, Chen Y, Liu Y, Hu X, Zeng L, Weng S, Chen H. Effectively synthesized functional Si-doped carbon dots with the applications in tyrosinase detection and lysosomal imaging. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1279:341789. [PMID: 37827683 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
There has been significant interest in the preparation and versatile applications of carbon dots (CDs) due to their immense potential value in sensors and imaging. In this work, silicon-doped green carbon dots (Si-CDs) with high quantum yield and rich epoxypropyl were effectively synthesized. Given the clinical diagnostic importance of abnormal levels of tyrosinase (TYR), sensitive detection of TYR is significant for clinical research. A fluorescence signal-off strategy with Si-CDs as probe was constructed to determine TYR based on the oxidation of dopamine by TYR. The detection ranges of this method were 0.01-1.5 and 10-30 U/mL with the detection limit of 0.0046 U/mL, the lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) was 0.01 U/mL, and TYR was successfully and accurately monitored in human serum. Additionally, due to the role of lysosomes in cellular regulatory processes, including TYR levels and fluorescence stability characteristics of Si-CDs in acidic conditions, it was envisaged to use Si-CDs as probe to establish real-time monitoring of lysosomes. According to fluorescence colocation analysis, Si-CDs had intrinsic lysosomal targeting ability to HepG2 and L-02 (with Pearson correlation coefficients were 0.90 and 0.91, respectively). The targeting of Si-CDs to lysosomes was due to the acidophilic effect of the epoxypropyl on its surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenfang Miao
- Department of Pharmacy, The 900th Hospital of Joint Logistics Team of the PLA, Fuzhou General Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, The 900th Hospital of Joint Logistics Team of the PLA, Fuzhou General Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, China
| | - Xiaoyang Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital South Branch, Fuzhou, 350001, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Jiyue Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, The 900th Hospital of Joint Logistics Team of the PLA, Fuzhou General Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, China
| | - Yanping Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Yuebin Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The 900th Hospital of Joint Logistics Team of the PLA, Fuzhou General Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, China
| | - Xiaomu Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, The 900th Hospital of Joint Logistics Team of the PLA, Fuzhou General Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, China
| | - Lingjun Zeng
- Department of Pharmacy, The 900th Hospital of Joint Logistics Team of the PLA, Fuzhou General Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, China
| | - Shaohuang Weng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China.
| | - Huixing Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Fujian Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Center, Fuzhou, 350001, China.
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9
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In KR, Kang MA, Kim SD, Shin J, Kang SU, Park TJ, Kim SJ, Lee JS. Anhydrous Alum Inhibits α-MSH-Induced Melanogenesis by Down-Regulating MITF via Dual Modulation of CREB and ERK. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14662. [PMID: 37834109 PMCID: PMC10572554 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanogenesis, the intricate process of melanin synthesis, is central to skin pigmentation and photoprotection and is regulated by various signaling pathways and transcription factors. To develop potential skin-whitening agents, we used B16F1 melanoma cells to investigate the inhibitory effects of anhydrous alum on melanogenesis and its underlying molecular mechanisms. Anhydrous alum (KAl(SO4)2) with high purity (>99%), which is generated through the heat-treatment of hydrated alum (KAl(SO4)2·12H2O) at 400 °C, potentiates a significant reduction in melanin content without cytotoxicity. Anhydrous alum downregulates the master regulator of melanogenesis, microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), which targets key genes involved in melanogenesis, thereby inhibiting α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH)-induced melanogenesis. Phosphorylation of the cAMP response element-binding protein, which acts as a co-activator of MITF gene expression, is attenuated by anhydrous alum, resulting in compromised MITF transcription. Notably, anhydrous alum promoted extracellular signal-regulated kinase phosphorylation, leading to the impaired nuclear localization of MITF. Overall, these results demonstrated the generation and mode of action of anhydrous alum in B16F1 cells, which constitutes a promising option for cosmetic or therapeutic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu-Ree In
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Ae Kang
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Dong Kim
- Graduate School of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutics, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinho Shin
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Un Kang
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Jun Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, The Graduate School, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Joo Kim
- Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Soo Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
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10
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Tang W, Zhang L, Chen Q, Han M, Chen C, Liu W. Determination of monophenolase activity based on backpropagation neural network analysis of three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy. J Biotechnol 2023; 365:11-19. [PMID: 36775069 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Tyrosinase is pivotal for melanin formation. Measuring monophenolase activity is of great importance for both fundamental research and industrial applications. For the first time, a backpropagation (BP) artificial neural network with three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy was applied for the real-time determination of tyrosinase monophenolase activity. Principal component analysis (PCA) was utilized for the dimension reduction of three-dimensional fluorescence data. The four principal components served as inputs for the neural network. Network parameters were optimized using a genetic algorithm (GA). BP learning algorithm was applied to train the network model to determine tyrosine levels in a binary mixture containing tyrosine and L-DOPA without any chemical separation. The time course of tyrosine consumption by monophenolase was determined to calculate the initial velocity of the enzymatic reaction. The limit of detection of the monophenolase assay was 0.0615 U·mL-1. This combined strategy of PCA, GAs, and BP artificial neural networks for three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy was efficient for the real-time and in-situ determination of monophenolase activity in a cascade reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weikang Tang
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Qinfei Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Mengqi Han
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Chan Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Wenbin Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
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11
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Nunes JA, de Araújo RSA, da Silva FN, Cytarska J, Łączkowski KZ, Cardoso SH, Mendonça-Júnior FJB, da Silva-Júnior EF. Coumarin-Based Compounds as Inhibitors of Tyrosinase/Tyrosine Hydroxylase: Synthesis, Kinetic Studies, and In Silico Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:5216. [PMID: 36982292 PMCID: PMC10048804 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer represents the main cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, constituting a serious health problem. In this context, melanoma represents the most aggressive and fatal type of skin cancer, with death rates increasing every year. Scientific efforts have been addressed to the development of inhibitors targeting the tyrosinase enzyme as potential anti-melanoma agents due to the importance of this enzyme in melanogenesis biosynthesis. Coumarin-based compounds have shown potential activity as anti-melanoma agents and tyrosinase inhibitors. In this study, coumarin-based derivatives were designed, synthesized, and experimentally evaluated upon tyrosinase. Compound FN-19, a coumarin-thiosemicarbazone analog, exhibited potent anti-tyrosinase activity, with an IC50 value of 42.16 ± 5.16 µM, being more active than ascorbic acid and kojic acid, both reference inhibitors. The kinetic study showed that FN-19 acts as a mixed inhibitor. Still, for this compound, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed to determine the stability of the complex with tyrosinase, generating RMSD, RMSF, and interaction plots. Additionally, docking studies were performed to elucidate the binding pose at the tyrosinase, suggesting that the hydroxyl group of coumarin derivative performs coordinate bonds (bidentate) with the copper(II) ions at distances ranging from 2.09 to 2.61 Å. Then, MM/PBSA calculations revealed that van der Waals interactions are the most relevant intermolecular forces for complex stabilization. Furthermore, it was observed that FN-19 has a binding energy (ΔEMM) value similar to tropolone, a tyrosinase inhibitor. Therefore, the data obtained in this study will be useful for designing and developing novel coumarin-based analogs targeting the tyrosinase enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Alves Nunes
- Biological and Molecular Chemistry Research Group, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas, AC Simões Campus, Lourival Melo Mota Avenue, s/n, Maceió 57072-970, Alagoas, Brazil (E.F.d.S.-J.)
| | - Rodrigo Santos Aquino de Araújo
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Drug Delivery, Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58429-500, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Fabrícia Nunes da Silva
- Laboratory of Organic and Medicinal Synthesis, Federal University of Alagoas, Campus Arapiraca, Manoel Severino Barbosa Avenue, Arapiraca 57309-005, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Joanna Cytarska
- Department of Chemical Technology and Pharmaceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Jurasza 2, 85-089 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Z. Łączkowski
- Department of Chemical Technology and Pharmaceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Jurasza 2, 85-089 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Sílvia Helena Cardoso
- Laboratory of Organic and Medicinal Synthesis, Federal University of Alagoas, Campus Arapiraca, Manoel Severino Barbosa Avenue, Arapiraca 57309-005, Alagoas, Brazil
| | | | - Edeildo Ferreira da Silva-Júnior
- Biological and Molecular Chemistry Research Group, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas, AC Simões Campus, Lourival Melo Mota Avenue, s/n, Maceió 57072-970, Alagoas, Brazil (E.F.d.S.-J.)
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12
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Song J, Yu J, Sun K, Chen Z, Xing X, Yang Y, Sun C, Wang Z. A high quantum yield xanthene-based fluorescent probe for the specific detection of tyrosinase and cell imaging. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2023.114693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
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13
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Liu Y, Chen Y, Fan Y, Gao G, Zhi J. Development of a Tyrosinase Amperometric Biosensor Based on Carbon Nanomaterials for the Detection of Phenolic Pollutants in Diverse Environments. ChemElectroChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202200861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanran Liu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 PR China
| | - Yafei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 PR China
| | - Yining Fan
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 PR China
| | - Guanyue Gao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 PR China
| | - Jinfang Zhi
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 PR China
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14
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Ma S, Zheng X, Zhang Y, Zhao S, Yi J, Cai S. Exploring the Promotive Effects and Mechanisms of Different Polyphenolic Extracts from Prinsepia utilis Royle Seed Shell on Tyrosinase. Foods 2022; 11:foods11244015. [PMID: 36553757 PMCID: PMC9777575 DOI: 10.3390/foods11244015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Prinsepia utilis Royle (P. utilis) is commonly used as a food ingredient and herbal medicine according to folk records, yet little research has been done on the seed shell, a processing waste. The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution of polyphenolic components and the tyrosinase activation activity of different extracts from the seed shell by UHPLC-ESI-HRMS/MS, in vitro tyrosinase activity assay, molecular docking and molecular dynamics. A total of 16 phytochemicals were identified, of which (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin were the major polyphenolic compounds. Both the esterified and insoluble bound polyphenols exhibited tyrosinase activation activity, and the esterified polyphenols showed better tyrosinase activation activity. (+)-Catechin and (-)-epicatechin might be the main activators of tyrosinase, both of which may act as substrate to affect tyrosinase activity. By molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation studies, (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin can be efficiently and stably bound to the tyrosinase active site through hydrogen bonds, van der Waals forces and π-bonds. The results of this study may not only provide a scientific basis for exploring P. utilis seed shell as a potential activator of tyrosinase, but also contribute to the high value utilization of P. utilis processing by-products.
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15
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Hao XL, Guo JF, Ren AM, Zhou L. Persistent and Efficient Multimodal Imaging for Tyrosinase Based on Two-Photon Excited Fluorescent and Room-Temperature Phosphorescent Probes. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:7650-7659. [PMID: 36240504 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c05482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Tyrosinase is crucial to regulate the metabolism of phenol derivatives, playing an important role in the biosynthesis of melanin pigments, whereas an abnormal level of tyrosinase would lead to severe diseases. It is rather necessary to develop a sensitive and selective imaging tool to assess the level of tyrosinase in vivo. We thoroughly researched the luminous mechanism of the existing TPTYR probe and provided design strategies to improve its two-photon excited fluorescence properties. The designed probes benza2-TPTYR and product benza2-TPTYR-coumarin have large two-photon absorption cross sections at the NIR spectral region (41 GM/706 nm, 71 GM/852 nm), while benza2-TPTYR-coumarin possesses easily distinguishable spectrum in the visible region and a high fluorescence efficiency (ΦF = 0.27). What is more, novel two-photon excited multimodal imaging based on the pure organic small molecule benza1-TPTYR-coumarin (61 GM/936 nm) is proposed first, simultaneously possessing strong instantaneous fluorescent (563.79 nm) and persistent room-temperature phosphorescent emissions (767.68 nm, 0.54 ms).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Li Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Fu Guo
- School of Physics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, P. R. China
| | - Ai-Min Ren
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, Jilin, P. R. China
| | - Liang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
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16
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Guo Z, Zhang L, Chen Q, Han M, Liu W. Monophenolase assay using excitation-emission matrix fluorescence and ELMAN neural network assisted by whale optimization algorithm. Anal Biochem 2022; 655:114838. [PMID: 35961401 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2022.114838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Tyrosinase plays a vital role for melanogenesis and inherently involves both monophenolase activity and diphenolase activity. Monophenolase catalyzes hydroxylation of tyrosine to l-DOPA (L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine). Real-time monophenolase assay method is of outstanding interest for both scientific research and industrial application. A combined strategy of three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectra and artificial neural network was developed to determine monophenolase activity. A quantitation system for tyrosine in presence of l-DOPA was designed based on ELMAN neural network. Principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted to reduce the dimensionality of fluorescence spectra. Four principal components was used as input variables. Whale optimization algorithm (WOA) was implemented to optimize the initial weights and threshold network. Real-time concentration of tyrosine in monophenolase reaction was monitored to calculate the initial velocity for tyrosine consumption. The exclusive monophenolase activity without interference from diphenolase reaction was determined. Limit of detection (LOD) for monophenolase assay is 0.0113 U mL-1. Using the proposed method, enzyme kinetics for monophenolase was investigate. Km was calculated as 14.16 μM. Inhibitor for monophenolase was screened by using model molecule kojic acid with IC50 of 3.49 μM. The assay method exhibited a promising prospect to characterize the kinetics and inhibitor of monophenolase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Qinfei Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Mengqi Han
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Wenbin Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
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17
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Uto T, Tung NH, Shoyama Y. Hirsutanone Isolated from the Bark of Alnus japonica Attenuates Melanogenesis via Dual Inhibition of Tyrosinase Activity and Expression of Melanogenic Proteins. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:1875. [PMID: 35890509 PMCID: PMC9321039 DOI: 10.3390/plants11141875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Hirsutanone (Hir) and oregonin (Ore) are diarylheptanoids isolated from the bark of Alnus japonica. In this study, we investigated the anti-melanogenic activity of Hir and Ore in B16-F1 murine melanoma and normal human epidermal melanocytes (HEMn-DP) and elucidated the mechanisms of action. In B16-F1 cells, Hir and Ore suppressed melanin synthesis induced by α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) without cytotoxicity. The inhibitory effect of Hir on melanin synthesis was much stronger than that of Ore. In addition, Hir reduced melanin content in HEMn-DP cells. As tyrosinase is a key enzyme in melanin synthesis, the effect of Hir on tyrosinase activity was assessed. The results demonstrated that Hir partially decreased tyrosinase activity and intracellular tyrosinase activity. Moreover, Hir suppressed the protein expression of melanogenic enzymes, including tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein (TRP)-1, and TRP-2, leading to reduced melanin biosynthesis. Hir also led to the suppression of cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) phosphorylation and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) expression, which control the expression of melanogenic enzymes. These results suggest that Hir suppressed melanin synthesis by dual inhibition of tyrosinase activity and the CREB/MITF pathway leading to the expression of melanogenic enzymes and may be a potent cosmetic and therapeutic agent for hyperpigmentation disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuhiro Uto
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University, 2825-7 Huis Ten Bosch, Sasebo, Nagasaki 859-3298, Japan;
| | - Nguyen Huu Tung
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Phenikaa University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam;
| | - Yukihiro Shoyama
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University, 2825-7 Huis Ten Bosch, Sasebo, Nagasaki 859-3298, Japan;
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18
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Louka XP, Sklirou AD, Le Goff G, Lopes P, Papanagnou ED, Manola MS, Benayahu Y, Ouazzani J, Trougakos IP. Isolation of an Extract from the Soft Coral Symbiotic Microorganism Salinispora arenicola Exerting Cytoprotective and Anti-Aging Effects. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2021; 44:14-30. [PMID: 35723381 PMCID: PMC8928968 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells have developed a highly integrated system responsible for proteome stability, namely the proteostasis network (PN). As loss of proteostasis is a hallmark of aging and age-related diseases, the activation of PN modules can likely extend healthspan. Here, we present data on the bioactivity of an extract (SA223-S2BM) purified from the strain Salinispora arenicola TM223-S2 that was isolated from the soft coral Scleronephthya lewinsohni; this coral was collected at a depth of 65 m from the mesophotic Red Sea ecosystem EAPC (south Eilat, Israel). Treatment of human cells with SA223-S2BM activated proteostatic modules, decreased oxidative load, and conferred protection against oxidative and genotoxic stress. Furthermore, SA223-S2BM enhanced proteasome and lysosomal-cathepsins activities in Drosophila flies and exhibited skin protective effects as evidenced by effective inhibition of the skin aging-related enzymes, elastase and tyrosinase. We suggest that the SA223-S2BM extract constitutes a likely promising source for prioritizing molecules with anti-aging properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xanthippi P. Louka
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece; (X.P.L.); (A.D.S.); (E.-D.P.); (M.S.M.)
| | - Aimilia D. Sklirou
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece; (X.P.L.); (A.D.S.); (E.-D.P.); (M.S.M.)
| | - Géraldine Le Goff
- CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (G.L.G.); (P.L.); (J.O.)
| | - Philippe Lopes
- CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (G.L.G.); (P.L.); (J.O.)
| | - Eleni-Dimitra Papanagnou
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece; (X.P.L.); (A.D.S.); (E.-D.P.); (M.S.M.)
| | - Maria S. Manola
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece; (X.P.L.); (A.D.S.); (E.-D.P.); (M.S.M.)
| | - Yehuda Benayahu
- School of Zoology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel;
| | - Jamal Ouazzani
- CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (G.L.G.); (P.L.); (J.O.)
| | - Ioannis P. Trougakos
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece; (X.P.L.); (A.D.S.); (E.-D.P.); (M.S.M.)
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Fan YF, Zhu SX, Hou FB, Zhao DF, Pan QS, Xiang YW, Qian XK, Ge GB, Wang P. Spectrophotometric Assays for Sensing Tyrosinase Activity and Their Applications. BIOSENSORS 2021; 11:290. [PMID: 34436092 PMCID: PMC8393227 DOI: 10.3390/bios11080290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Tyrosinase (TYR, E.C. 1.14.18.1), a critical enzyme participating in melanogenesis, catalyzes the first two steps in melanin biosynthesis including the ortho-hydroxylation of L-tyrosine and the oxidation of L-DOPA. Previous pharmacological investigations have revealed that an abnormal level of TYR is tightly associated with various dermatoses, including albinism, age spots, and malignant melanoma. TYR inhibitors can partially block the formation of pigment, which are always used for improving skin tone and treating dermatoses. The practical and reliable assays for monitoring TYR activity levels are very useful for both disease diagnosis and drug discovery. This review comprehensively summarizes structural and enzymatic characteristics, catalytic mechanism and substrate preference of TYR, as well as the recent advances in biochemical assays for sensing TYR activity and their biomedical applications. The design strategies of various TYR substrates, alongside with several lists of all reported biochemical assays for sensing TYR including analytical conditions and kinetic parameters, are presented for the first time. Additionally, the biomedical applications and future perspectives of these optical assays are also highlighted. The information and knowledge presented in this review offer a group of practical and reliable assays and imaging tools for sensing TYR activities in complex biological systems, which strongly facilitates high-throughput screening TYR inhibitors and further investigations on the relevance of TYR to human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Fan Fan
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (Y.-F.F.); (F.-B.H.); (D.-F.Z.); (Q.-S.P.); (X.-K.Q.); (G.-B.G.)
| | - Si-Xing Zhu
- Institute of Science, Technology and Humanities, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China;
| | - Fan-Bin Hou
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (Y.-F.F.); (F.-B.H.); (D.-F.Z.); (Q.-S.P.); (X.-K.Q.); (G.-B.G.)
| | - Dong-Fang Zhao
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (Y.-F.F.); (F.-B.H.); (D.-F.Z.); (Q.-S.P.); (X.-K.Q.); (G.-B.G.)
| | - Qiu-Sha Pan
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (Y.-F.F.); (F.-B.H.); (D.-F.Z.); (Q.-S.P.); (X.-K.Q.); (G.-B.G.)
| | - Yan-Wei Xiang
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China;
| | - Xing-Kai Qian
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (Y.-F.F.); (F.-B.H.); (D.-F.Z.); (Q.-S.P.); (X.-K.Q.); (G.-B.G.)
| | - Guang-Bo Ge
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (Y.-F.F.); (F.-B.H.); (D.-F.Z.); (Q.-S.P.); (X.-K.Q.); (G.-B.G.)
| | - Ping Wang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (Y.-F.F.); (F.-B.H.); (D.-F.Z.); (Q.-S.P.); (X.-K.Q.); (G.-B.G.)
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20
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Recent advances in the design and discovery of synthetic tyrosinase inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 224:113744. [PMID: 34365131 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Tyrosinase is a copper-containing metalloenzyme that is responsible for the rate-limiting catalytic step in the melanin biosynthesis and enzymatic browning. As a promising target, tyrosinase inhibitors can be used as skin whitening agents and food preservatives, thus having broad potential in the fields of food, cosmetics, agriculture and medicine. From 2015 to 2020, numerous synthetic inhibitors of tyrosinase have been developed to overcome the challenges of low efficacy and side effects. This review summarizes the enzyme structure and biological functions of tyrosinase and demonstrates the recent advances of synthetic tyrosinase inhibitors from the perspective of medicinal chemistry, providing a better understanding of the catalytic mechanisms and more effective tyrosinase inhibitors.
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