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Li Y, Yang Y, Li L, Tang K, Hao X, Kai G. Advanced metabolic engineering strategies for increasing artemisinin yield in Artemisia annua L. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2024; 11:uhad292. [PMID: 38414837 PMCID: PMC10898619 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Artemisinin, also known as 'Qinghaosu', is a chemically sesquiterpene lactone containing an endoperoxide bridge. Due to the high activity to kill Plasmodium parasites, artemisinin and its derivatives have continuously served as the foundation for antimalarial therapies. Natural artemisinin is unique to the traditional Chinese medicinal plant Artemisia annua L., and its content in this plant is low. This has motivated the synthesis of this bioactive compound using yeast, tobacco, and Physcomitrium patens systems. However, the artemisinin production in these heterologous hosts is low and cannot fulfil its increasing clinical demand. Therefore, A. annua plants remain the major source of this bioactive component. Recently, the transcriptional regulatory networks related to artemisinin biosynthesis and glandular trichome formation have been extensively studied in A. annua. Various strategies including (i) enhancing the metabolic flux in artemisinin biosynthetic pathway; (ii) blocking competition branch pathways; (iii) using transcription factors (TFs); (iv) increasing peltate glandular secretory trichome (GST) density; (v) applying exogenous factors; and (vi) phytohormones have been used to improve artemisinin yields. Here we summarize recent scientific advances and achievements in artemisinin metabolic engineering, and discuss prospects in the development of high-artemisinin yielding A. annua varieties. This review provides new insights into revealing the transcriptional regulatory networks of other high-value plant-derived natural compounds (e.g., taxol, vinblastine, and camptothecin), as well as glandular trichome formation. It is also helpful for the researchers who intend to promote natural compounds production in other plants species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongpeng Li
- Zhejiang Provincial TCM Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resource Innovation and Transformation, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Active Ingredients of Medicinal and Edible Plants and Health, Jinhua Academy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Yinkai Yang
- Zhejiang Provincial TCM Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resource Innovation and Transformation, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Active Ingredients of Medicinal and Edible Plants and Health, Jinhua Academy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Ling Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Kexuan Tang
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiaolong Hao
- Zhejiang Provincial TCM Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resource Innovation and Transformation, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Active Ingredients of Medicinal and Edible Plants and Health, Jinhua Academy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Guoyin Kai
- Zhejiang Provincial TCM Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resource Innovation and Transformation, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Active Ingredients of Medicinal and Edible Plants and Health, Jinhua Academy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
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Li Y, Yang Y, Li P, Sheng M, Li L, Ma X, Du Z, Tang K, Hao X, Kai G. AaABI5 transcription factor mediates light and abscisic acid signaling to promote anti-malarial drug artemisinin biosynthesis in Artemisia annua. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127345. [PMID: 37820909 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Artemisia annua, a member of the Asteraceae family, remains the primary source of artemisinin. However, the artemisinin content in the existing varieties of this plant is very low. In this study, we found that the environmental factors light and phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) could synergistically promote the expression of artemisinin biosynthetic genes. Notably, the increased expression levels of those genes regulated by ABA depended on light. Gene expression analysis found that AaABI5, a transcription factor belonging to the basic leucine zipper (bZIP) family, was inducible by the light and ABA treatment. Analysis of AaABI5-overexpressing and -suppressing lines suggested that AaABI5 could enhance artemisinin biosynthesis and activate the expression of four core biosynthetic genes. In addition, the key regulator of light-induced artemisinin biosynthesis, AaHY5, could bind to the promoter of AaABI5 and activate its expression. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that AaABI5 acts as an important molecular junction for the synergistic promotion of artemisinin biosynthesis by light and ABA signals, which provides a candidate gene for developing new germplasms of high-quality A. annua.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongpeng Li
- Zhejiang Provincial TCM Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resource Innovation and Transformation, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Active Ingredients of Medicinal and Edible Plants and Health, Jinhua Academy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Yinkai Yang
- Zhejiang Provincial TCM Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resource Innovation and Transformation, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Active Ingredients of Medicinal and Edible Plants and Health, Jinhua Academy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Pengyang Li
- Zhejiang Provincial TCM Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resource Innovation and Transformation, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Active Ingredients of Medicinal and Edible Plants and Health, Jinhua Academy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Miaomiao Sheng
- Zhejiang Provincial TCM Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resource Innovation and Transformation, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Active Ingredients of Medicinal and Edible Plants and Health, Jinhua Academy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Ling Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiaojing Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Zhiyan Du
- Department of Molecular Biosciences & Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, United States
| | - Kexuan Tang
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Xiaolong Hao
- Zhejiang Provincial TCM Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resource Innovation and Transformation, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Active Ingredients of Medicinal and Edible Plants and Health, Jinhua Academy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China.
| | - Guoyin Kai
- Zhejiang Provincial TCM Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resource Innovation and Transformation, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Active Ingredients of Medicinal and Edible Plants and Health, Jinhua Academy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China.
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Wang Q, Zhao X, Jiang Y, Jin B, Wang L. Functions of Representative Terpenoids and Their Biosynthesis Mechanisms in Medicinal Plants. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1725. [PMID: 38136596 PMCID: PMC10741589 DOI: 10.3390/biom13121725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Terpenoids are the broadest and richest group of chemicals obtained from plants. These plant-derived terpenoids have been extensively utilized in various industries, including food and pharmaceuticals. Several specific terpenoids have been identified and isolated from medicinal plants, emphasizing the diversity of biosynthesis and specific functionality of terpenoids. With advances in the technology of sequencing, the genomes of certain important medicinal plants have been assembled. This has improved our knowledge of the biosynthesis and regulatory molecular functions of terpenoids with medicinal functions. In this review, we introduce several notable medicinal plants that produce distinct terpenoids (e.g., Cannabis sativa, Artemisia annua, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Ginkgo biloba, and Taxus media). We summarize the specialized roles of these terpenoids in plant-environment interactions as well as their significance in the pharmaceutical and food industries. Additionally, we highlight recent findings in the fields of molecular regulation mechanisms involved in these distinct terpenoids biosynthesis, and propose future opportunities in terpenoid research, including biology seeding, and genetic engineering in medicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Li Wang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Q.W.); (X.Z.); (Y.J.); (B.J.)
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Thakur K, Kumari C, Zadokar A, Sharma P, Sharma R. Physiological and omics-based insights for underpinning the molecular regulation of secondary metabolite production in medicinal plants: UV stress resilience. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 204:108060. [PMID: 37897892 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Despite complex phytoconstituents, the commercial potential of medicinal plants under ultraviolet (UV) stress environment hasn't been fully comprehended. Due to sessile nature, these plants are constantly exposed to damaging radiation, which disturbs their natural physiological and biochemical processes. To combat with UV stress, plants synthesized several small organic molecules (natural products of low molecular mass like alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids and phenolics, etc.) known as plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) that come into play to counteract the adverse effect of stress. Plants adapted a stress response by organizing the expression of several genes, enzymes, transcription factors, and proteins involved in the synthesis of chemical substances and by making the signaling cascade (a series of chemical reactions induced by a stimulus within a biological cell) flexible to boost the defensive response. To neutralize UV exposure, secondary metabolites and their signaling network regulate cellular processes at the molecular level. Conventional breeding methods are time-consuming and difficult to reveal the molecular pattern of the stress tolerance medicinal plants. Acquiring in-depth knowledge of the molecular drivers behind the defensive mechanism of medicinal plants against UV radiation would yield advantages (economical and biological) that will bring prosperity to the burgeoning world's population. Thus, this review article emphasized the comprehensive information and clues to identify several potential genes, transcription factors (TFs), proteins, biosynthetic pathways, and biological networks which are involved in resilience mechanism under UV stress in medicinal plants of high-altitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Thakur
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, HP, 173 230, India
| | - Chanchal Kumari
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, HP, 173 230, India
| | - Ashwini Zadokar
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, HP, 173 230, India
| | - Parul Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, HP, 173 230, India
| | - Rajnish Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, HP, 173 230, India.
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Pandey A, Agrawal M, Agrawal SB. Ultraviolet-B and Heavy Metal-Induced Regulation of Secondary Metabolites in Medicinal Plants: A Review. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13030341. [PMID: 36984781 PMCID: PMC10058376 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13030341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite a rich history and economic importance, the potential of medicinal plants has not been fully explored under different abiotic stress conditions. Penetration of UV-B radiation and contamination of heavy metals are two important environmental stress for plants with remarkable influence on the defense-related and pharmaceutically important secondary metabolites of medicinal plants. UV-B and heavy metal contamination may become a critical issue that either positively or negatively affects the quality and quantity of secondary metabolites. Such effects may result from changes in the expression level of genes that encode the corresponding enzymes or the inactivation and/or stimulation of specific enzymes involved in the different biosynthetic pathways of the secondary metabolites. Therefore, a comprehensive study of the impact of UV-B and heavy metals individually and in combination on the biosynthesis and accumulation of secondary metabolites in medicinal plants is discussed in the present review.
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Zhang N, Yang H, Han T, Kim HS, Marcelis LFM. Towards greenhouse cultivation of Artemisia annua: The application of LEDs in regulating plant growth and secondary metabolism. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1099713. [PMID: 36743532 PMCID: PMC9889874 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1099713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Artemisinin is a sesquiterpene lactone produced in glandular trichomes of Artemisia annua, and is extensively used in the treatment of malaria. Growth and secondary metabolism of A. annua are strongly regulated by environmental conditions, causing unstable supply and quality of raw materials from field grown plants. This study aimed to bring A. annua into greenhouse cultivation and to increase artemisinin production by manipulating greenhouse light environment using LEDs. A. annua plants were grown in a greenhouse compartment for five weeks in vegetative stage with either supplemental photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) (blue, green, red or white) or supplemental radiation outside PAR wavelength (far-red, UV-B or both). The colour of supplemental PAR hardly affected plant morphology and biomass, except that supplemental green decreased plant biomass by 15% (both fresh and dry mass) compared to supplemental white. Supplemental far-red increased final plant height by 23% whereas it decreased leaf area, plant fresh and dry weight by 30%, 17% and 7%, respectively, compared to the treatment without supplemental radiation. Supplemental UV-B decreased plant leaf area and dry weight (both by 7%). Interestingly, supplemental green and UV-B increased leaf glandular trichome density by 11% and 9%, respectively. However, concentrations of artemisinin, arteannuin B, dihydroartemisinic acid and artemisinic acid only exhibited marginal differences between the light treatments. There were no interactive effects of far-red and UV-B on plant biomass, morphology, trichome density and secondary metabolite concentrations. Our results illustrate the potential of applying light treatments in greenhouse production of A. annua to increase trichome density in vegetative stage. However, the trade-off between light effects on plant growth and trichome initiation needs to be considered. Moreover, the underlying mechanisms of light spectrum regulation on artemisinin biosynthesis need further clarification to enhance artemisinin yield in greenhouse production of A. annua.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningyi Zhang
- Horticulture and Product Physiology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Haohong Yang
- Horticulture and Product Physiology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Tianqi Han
- Horticulture and Product Physiology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Hyoung Seok Kim
- Smart Farm Convergence Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Leo F. M. Marcelis
- Horticulture and Product Physiology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands
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Identification of genes associated with biosynthesis of bioactive flavonoids and taxoids in Taxus cuspidata Sieb. et Zucc. plantlets exposed to UV-B radiation. Gene 2022; 823:146384. [PMID: 35248661 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
UV-B radiation is a typical environmental stressor that can promote phytochemical accumulation in plants. Taxus species are highly appreciated due to the existence of bioactive taxoids (especially paclitaxel) and flavonoids. However, the effect of UV-B radiation on taxoid and flavonoid biosynthesis in Taxus cuspidata Sieb. et Zucc. is largely unknown. In the present work, the accumulation of taxoids and flavonoids in T. cuspidata plantlets was significantly induced by 12 and 24 h of UV-B radiation (3 W/m2), and a large number of significantly differentially expressed genes were obtained via transcriptomic analysis. The significant up-regulation of antioxidant enzyme- and flavonoid biosynthesis-related genes (phenylalanine ammonia lyase 1, chalcone synthase 2, flavonol synthase 1, and flavonoid 3', 5'-hydroxylase 2), suggested that UV-B might cause the oxidative stress thus promoting flavonoid accumulation in T. cuspidata. Moreover, the expression of some genes related to jasmonate metabolism and taxoid biosynthesis (taxadiene synthase, baccatin III-3-amino 3-phenylpropanoyltransferase 1, taxadiene-5α-hydroxylase, and ethylene response factors 15) was significantly activated, which indicated that UV-B might initiate jasmonate signaling pathway that contributed to taxoid enhancement in T. cuspidata. Additionally, the identification of some up-regulated genes involved in lignin biosynthesis pathway indicated that the lignification process in T. cuspidata might be stimulated for defense against UV-B radiation. Overall, our findings provided a better understanding of some potential key genes associated with flavonoid and taxoid biosynthesis in T. cuspidata exposed to UV-B radiation.
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Chen J, Zhai W, Li Y, Guo Y, Zhu Y, Lei G, Li J. Enhancing the biomass and riboflavin production of Ashbya gossypii by using low-intensity ultrasound stimulation: A mechanistic investigation. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2022.108394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Costa FV, Gadea A, Antunes AR, Ferron S, Back ÁJ, Barlow JW, Citadini-Zanette V, Dévéhat FLL, Amaral PDA. Chemical fingerprinting of the Brazilian medicinal plant Calea pinnatifida (R. Br.) Less. (Asteraceae) collected at different altitudes. Nat Prod Res 2022; 36:6069-6074. [PMID: 35227145 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2044809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Calea pinnatifida (R. Br.) Less. is a plant of Brazilian folk medicine. We evaluated the influence of environmental factors on the chemical profile of C. pinnatifida collected during the winter season. C. pinnatifida leaves, alongside soil samples, were collected from two sites of different altitude. Plant samples were sequentially extracted, while soil samples were subject to compositional analysis. Plant extracts were compared using HPTLC-UV, using chemometric analyses to compare samplings harvested at both altitudes. Two marker metabolites, calein A (1) and acetylportentol (2), were isolated from samples collected at the respective altitudes. The differing metabolic profiles observed may be a result of the influence of environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franciely Vanessa Costa
- Laboratório de Plantas Medicinais (LaPlaM/PPGCA), Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Alice Gadea
- Université Rennes1, CNRS, ISCR - UMR 6226, Rennes, France
| | - Altamir Rocha Antunes
- Laboratório de Plantas Medicinais (LaPlaM/PPGCA), Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Solenn Ferron
- Université Rennes1, CNRS, ISCR - UMR 6226, Rennes, France
| | - Álvaro José Back
- Laboratório de Plantas Medicinais (LaPlaM/PPGCA), Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - James W Barlow
- Department of Chemistry, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Vanilde Citadini-Zanette
- Laboratório de Plantas Medicinais (LaPlaM/PPGCA), Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | - Patrícia de Aguiar Amaral
- Laboratório de Plantas Medicinais (LaPlaM/PPGCA), Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Martins ACQ, Mota APZ, Carvalho PASV, Passos MAS, Gimenes MA, Guimaraes PM, Brasileiro ACM. Transcriptome Responses of Wild Arachis to UV-C Exposure Reveal Genes Involved in General Plant Defense and Priming. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11030408. [PMID: 35161389 PMCID: PMC8838480 DOI: 10.3390/plants11030408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Stress priming is an important strategy for enhancing plant defense capacity to deal with environmental challenges and involves reprogrammed transcriptional responses. Although ultraviolet (UV) light exposure is a widely adopted approach to elicit stress memory and tolerance in plants, the molecular mechanisms underlying UV-mediated plant priming tolerance are not fully understood. Here, we investigated the changes in the global transcriptome profile of wild Arachis stenosperma leaves in response to UV-C exposure. A total of 5751 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, with the majority associated with cell signaling, protein dynamics, hormonal and transcriptional regulation, and secondary metabolic pathways. The expression profiles of DEGs known as indicators of priming state, such as transcription factors, transcriptional regulators and protein kinases, were further characterized. A meta-analysis, followed by qRT-PCR validation, identified 18 metaDEGs as being commonly regulated in response to UV and other primary stresses. These genes are involved in secondary metabolism, basal immunity, cell wall structure and integrity, and may constitute important players in the general defense processes and establishment of a priming state in A. stenosperma. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of transcriptional dynamics involved in wild Arachis adaptation to stressful conditions of their natural habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andressa Cunha Quintana Martins
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília 70770-917, DF, Brazil; (A.C.Q.M.); (A.P.Z.M.); (P.A.S.V.C.); (M.A.S.P.); (M.A.G.); (P.M.G.)
- National Institute of Science and Technology—INCT PlantStress Biotech—EMBRAPA, Brasília 70770-917, DF, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Zotta Mota
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília 70770-917, DF, Brazil; (A.C.Q.M.); (A.P.Z.M.); (P.A.S.V.C.); (M.A.S.P.); (M.A.G.); (P.M.G.)
- National Institute of Science and Technology—INCT PlantStress Biotech—EMBRAPA, Brasília 70770-917, DF, Brazil
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP, F-34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Paula Andrea Sampaio Vasconcelos Carvalho
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília 70770-917, DF, Brazil; (A.C.Q.M.); (A.P.Z.M.); (P.A.S.V.C.); (M.A.S.P.); (M.A.G.); (P.M.G.)
- Instituto de Biociências, Department de Genética, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu 70770-917, SP, Brazil
| | - Mario Alfredo Saraiva Passos
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília 70770-917, DF, Brazil; (A.C.Q.M.); (A.P.Z.M.); (P.A.S.V.C.); (M.A.S.P.); (M.A.G.); (P.M.G.)
- National Institute of Science and Technology—INCT PlantStress Biotech—EMBRAPA, Brasília 70770-917, DF, Brazil
| | - Marcos Aparecido Gimenes
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília 70770-917, DF, Brazil; (A.C.Q.M.); (A.P.Z.M.); (P.A.S.V.C.); (M.A.S.P.); (M.A.G.); (P.M.G.)
| | - Patricia Messenberg Guimaraes
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília 70770-917, DF, Brazil; (A.C.Q.M.); (A.P.Z.M.); (P.A.S.V.C.); (M.A.S.P.); (M.A.G.); (P.M.G.)
- National Institute of Science and Technology—INCT PlantStress Biotech—EMBRAPA, Brasília 70770-917, DF, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Miranda Brasileiro
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília 70770-917, DF, Brazil; (A.C.Q.M.); (A.P.Z.M.); (P.A.S.V.C.); (M.A.S.P.); (M.A.G.); (P.M.G.)
- National Institute of Science and Technology—INCT PlantStress Biotech—EMBRAPA, Brasília 70770-917, DF, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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Zhou L, Huang Y, Wang Q, Guo D. AaHY5 ChIP-seq based on transient expression system reveals the role of AaWRKY14 in artemisinin biosynthetic gene regulation. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 168:321-328. [PMID: 34678644 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ChIP-seq (Chromatin immunoprecipitation with sequencing) is the gold standard for determining genome-wide in vivo transcription factor binding sites, the first step for targets prediction and network construction. For non-model plants, it is challenging to perform ChIP-seq due to the difficulty in generating stable transgenic plants. AaHY5 is a positive regulator in artemisinin biosynthesis, whose detailed mode of action remains elusive. Here, we established a protoplast transformation procedure for Artemisia annua by optimizing different conditions in protoplast isolation and transfection. We then performed AaHY5 ChIP-seq based on the established transient expression system. Combining RNA-seq data for various tissues, we identified four transcription factors (one MYB and three WRKY family members) in AaHY5 targets that potentially regulated artemisinin biosynthesis. The three WRKY transcription factors could be induced by light and the overexpression of AaHY5 and upregulate two artemisinin biosynthetic genes, ADS and CYP71AV1. Furthermore, AaWRKY14 showed transcriptional activation activity on artemisinin biosynthetic gene CYP71AV1. Together, AaWRKY14 was identified as a potential transcription factor linking AaHY5 and the artemisinin biosynthetic gene regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limeng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, School of Life Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yingzhang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, School of Life Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Artemisinin Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Dianjing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, School of Life Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong, China.
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Liu Y, Patra B, Singh SK, Paul P, Zhou Y, Li Y, Wang Y, Pattanaik S, Yuan L. Terpenoid indole alkaloid biosynthesis in Catharanthus roseus: effects and prospects of environmental factors in metabolic engineering. Biotechnol Lett 2021; 43:2085-2103. [PMID: 34564757 PMCID: PMC8510960 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-021-03179-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Plants synthesize a vast array of specialized metabolites that primarily contribute to their defense and survival under adverse conditions. Many of the specialized metabolites have therapeutic values as drugs. Biosynthesis of specialized metabolites is affected by environmental factors including light, temperature, drought, salinity, and nutrients, as well as pathogens and insects. These environmental factors trigger a myriad of changes in gene expression at the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. The dynamic changes in gene expression are mediated by several regulatory proteins that perceive and transduce the signals, leading to up- or down-regulation of the metabolic pathways. Exploring the environmental effects and related signal cascades is a strategy in metabolic engineering to produce valuable specialized metabolites. However, mechanistic studies on environmental factors affecting specialized metabolism are limited. The medicinal plant Catharanthus roseus (Madagascar periwinkle) is an important source of bioactive terpenoid indole alkaloids (TIAs), including the anticancer therapeutics vinblastine and vincristine. The emerging picture shows that various environmental factors significantly alter TIA accumulation by affecting the expression of regulatory and enzyme-encoding genes in the pathway. Compared to our understanding of the TIA pathway in response to the phytohormone jasmonate, the impacts of environmental factors on TIA biosynthesis are insufficiently studied and discussed. This review thus focuses on these aspects and discusses possible strategies for metabolic engineering of TIA biosynthesis. PURPOSE OF WORK: Catharanthus roseus is a rich source of bioactive terpenoid indole alkaloids (TIAs). The objective of this work is to present a comprehensive account of the influence of various biotic and abiotic factors on TIA biosynthesis and to discuss possible strategies to enhance TIA production through metabolic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongliang Liu
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences and Kentucky Tobacco Research and Development Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546 USA
| | - Barunava Patra
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences and Kentucky Tobacco Research and Development Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546 USA
| | - Sanjay Kumar Singh
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences and Kentucky Tobacco Research and Development Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546 USA
| | - Priyanka Paul
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences and Kentucky Tobacco Research and Development Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546 USA
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences and Kentucky Tobacco Research and Development Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546 USA
| | - Yongqing Li
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Sitakanta Pattanaik
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences and Kentucky Tobacco Research and Development Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546 USA
| | - Ling Yuan
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences and Kentucky Tobacco Research and Development Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546 USA
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Li Y, Qin W, Fu X, Zhang Y, Hassani D, Kayani SI, Xie L, Liu H, Chen T, Yan X, Peng B, Wu-Zhang K, Wang C, Sun X, Li L, Tang K. Transcriptomic analysis reveals the parallel transcriptional regulation of UV-B-induced artemisinin and flavonoid accumulation in Artemisia annua L. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 163:189-200. [PMID: 33857913 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
UV-B radiation is a pivotal photomorphogenic signal and positively regulates plant growth and metabolite biosynthesis. In order to elucidate the transcriptional regulation mechanism underlying UV-B-induced artemisinin and flavonoid biosynthesis in Artemisia annua, the transcriptional responses of A. annua L. leaves to UV-B radiation were analyzed using the Illumina transcriptome sequencing. A total of 10705 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) including 533 transcription factors (TFs), were identified. Based on the expression trends of the differentially expressed TFs as well as artemisinin and flavonoid biosynthesis genes, we speculated that TFs belonging to 6 clusters were most likely to be involved in the regulation of artemisinin and/or flavonoid biosynthesis. The regulatory relationship between TFs and artemisinin/flavonoid biosynthetic genes was further studied. Dual-LUC assays results showed that AaMYB6 is a positive regulator of AaLDOX which belongs to flavonoid biosynthesis pathway. In addition, we identified an R2R3 MYB TF, AaMYB4 which potentially mediated both artemisinin and flavonoid biosynthesis pathways by activating the expression of AaADS and AaDBR2 in artemisinin biosynthesis pathway and AaUFGT in flavonoid biosynthesis pathway. Overall, our findings would provide an insight into the elucidation of the parallel transcriptional regulation of artemisinin and flavonoid biosynthesis in A. annua L. under UV-B radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongpeng Li
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South) Ministry of Agriculture, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Wei Qin
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South) Ministry of Agriculture, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xueqing Fu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South) Ministry of Agriculture, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yaojie Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South) Ministry of Agriculture, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Danial Hassani
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South) Ministry of Agriculture, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Sadaf-Ilyas Kayani
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South) Ministry of Agriculture, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Lihui Xie
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South) Ministry of Agriculture, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Hang Liu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South) Ministry of Agriculture, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Tiantian Chen
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South) Ministry of Agriculture, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xin Yan
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South) Ministry of Agriculture, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Bowen Peng
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South) Ministry of Agriculture, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Kuanyu Wu-Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South) Ministry of Agriculture, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South) Ministry of Agriculture, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiaofen Sun
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South) Ministry of Agriculture, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Ling Li
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South) Ministry of Agriculture, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Kexuan Tang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South) Ministry of Agriculture, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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Ekwealor JTB, Clark TA, Dautermann O, Russell A, Ebrahimi S, Stark LR, Niyogi KK, Mishler BD. Natural ultraviolet radiation exposure alters photosynthetic biology and improves recovery from desiccation in a desert moss. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:4161-4179. [PMID: 33595636 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Plants in dryland ecosystems experience extreme daily and seasonal fluctuations in light, temperature, and water availability. We used an in situ field experiment to uncover the effects of natural and reduced levels of ultraviolet radiation (UV) on maximum PSII quantum efficiency (Fv/Fm), relative abundance of photosynthetic pigments and antioxidants, and the transcriptome in the desiccation-tolerant desert moss Syntrichia caninervis. We tested the hypotheses that: (i) S. caninervis plants undergo sustained thermal quenching of light [non-photochemical quenching (NPQ)] while desiccated and after rehydration; (ii) a reduction of UV will result in improved recovery of Fv/Fm; but (iii) 1 year of UV removal will de-harden plants and increase vulnerability to UV damage, indicated by a reduction in Fv/Fm. All field-collected plants had extremely low Fv/Fm after initial rehydration but recovered over 8 d in lab-simulated winter conditions. UV-filtered plants had lower Fv/Fm during recovery, higher concentrations of photoprotective pigments and antioxidants such as zeaxanthin and tocopherols, and lower concentrations of neoxanthin and Chl b than plants exposed to near natural UV levels. Field-grown S. caninervis underwent sustained NPQ that took days to relax and for efficient photosynthesis to resume. Reduction of solar UV radiation adversely affected recovery of Fv/Fm following rehydration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna T B Ekwealor
- Department of Integrative Biology, and University and Jepson Herbaria, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Theresa A Clark
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Oliver Dautermann
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | | | - Sotodeh Ebrahimi
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Lloyd R Stark
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Krishna K Niyogi
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Brent D Mishler
- Department of Integrative Biology, and University and Jepson Herbaria, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
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15
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Idris M, Seo N, Jiang L, Kiyota S, Hidema J, Iino M. UV-B signalling in rice: Response identification, gene expression profiling and mutant isolation. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2021; 44:1468-1485. [PMID: 33377203 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Responses of rice seedlings to UV-B radiation (UV-B) were investigated, aiming to establish rice as a model plant for UV-B signalling studies. The growth of japonica rice coleoptiles, grown under red light, was inhibited by brief irradiation with UV-B, but not with blue light. The effective UV-B fluences (10-1 -103 μmol m-2 ) were much lower than those reported in Arabidopsis. The response was much less in indica rice cultivars and its extent varied among Oryza species. We next identified UV-B-specific anthocyanin accumulation in the first leaf of purple rice and used this visible phenotype to isolate mutants. Some isolated mutants were further characterized, and one was found to have a defect in the growth response. Using microarrays, we identified a number of genes that are regulated by low-fluence-rate UV-B in japonica coleoptiles. Some up-regulated genes were analysed by real-time PCR for UV-B specificity and the difference between japonica and indica. More than 70% of UV-B-regulated rice genes had no homologs in UV-B-regulated Arabidopsis genes. Many UV-B-regulated rice genes are related to plant hormones and especially to jasmonate biosynthetic and responsive genes in apparent agreement with the growth response. Possible involvement of two rice homologs of UVR8, a UV-B photoreceptor, is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Idris
- Botanical Gardens, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nobu Seo
- Botanical Gardens, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Lei Jiang
- Botanical Gardens, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Kiyota
- Office of General Administration, Advanced Analysis Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Jun Hidema
- Department of Molecular and Chemical Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Moritoshi Iino
- Botanical Gardens, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
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16
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Ma YJ, Li XP, Wang Y, Wang JW. Nitric oxide donor sodium nitroprusside-induced transcriptional changes and hypocrellin biosynthesis of Shiraia sp. S9. Microb Cell Fact 2021; 20:92. [PMID: 33910564 PMCID: PMC8082767 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-021-01581-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nitric oxide (NO) is a ubiquitous signaling mediator in various physiological processes. However, there are less reports concerning the effects of NO on fungal secondary metabolites. Hypocrellins are effective anticancer photodynamic therapy (PDT) agents from fungal perylenequinone pigments of Shiraia. NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) was used as a chemical elicitor to promote hypocrellin biosynthesis in Shiraia mycelium cultures. Results SNP application at 0.01–0.20 mM was found to stimulate significantly fungal production of perylenequinones including hypocrellin A (HA) and elsinochrome A (EA). SNP application could not only enhance HA content by 178.96% in mycelia, but also stimulate its efflux to the medium. After 4 days of SNP application at 0.02 mM, the highest total production (110.34 mg/L) of HA was achieved without any growth suppression. SNP released NO in mycelia and acted as a pro-oxidant, thereby up-regulating the gene expression and activity of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generating NADPH oxidase (NOX) and antioxidant enzymes, leading to the increased levels of superoxide anion (O2−) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Gene ontology (GO) analysis revealed that SNP treatment could up-regulate biosynthetic genes for hypocrellins and activate the transporter protein major facilitator superfamily (MFS) for the exudation. Moreover, SNP treatment increased the proportion of total unsaturated fatty acids in the hypha membranes and enhanced membrane permeability. Our results indicated both cellular biosynthesis of HA and its secretion could contribute to HA production induced by SNP. Conclusions The results of this study provide a valuable strategy for large-scale hypocrellin production and can facilitate further understanding and exploration of NO signaling in the biosynthesis of the important fungal metabolites. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12934-021-01581-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Jun Ma
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.,College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xin Ping Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yue Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Jian Wen Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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17
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Zhang S, Zhang L, Zou H, Qiu L, Zheng Y, Yang D, Wang Y. Effects of Light on Secondary Metabolite Biosynthesis in Medicinal Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:781236. [PMID: 34956277 PMCID: PMC8702564 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.781236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Secondary metabolites (SMs) found in medicinal plants are one of main sources of drugs, cosmetics, and health products. With the increase in demand for these bioactive compounds, improving the content and yield of SMs in medicinal plants has become increasingly important. The content and distribution of SMs in medicinal plants are closely related to environmental factors, especially light. In recent years, artificial light sources have been used in controlled environments for the production and conservation of medicinal germplasm. Therefore, it is essential to elucidate how light affects the accumulation of SMs in different plant species. Here, we systematically summarize recent advances in our understanding of the regulatory roles of light quality, light intensity, and photoperiod in the biosynthesis of three main types of SMs (polyphenols, alkaloids, and terpenoids), and the underlying mechanisms. This article provides a detailed overview of the role of light signaling pathways in SM biosynthesis, which will further promote the application of artificial light sources in medicinal plant production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuncang Zhang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Zou
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Lin Qiu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yuwei Zheng
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Dongfeng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Dongfeng Yang,
| | - Youping Wang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Youping Wang,
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Ge XM, Hu X, Zhang J, Huang QM, Gao Y, Li ZQ, Li S, He JM. UV RESISTANCE LOCUS8 mediates ultraviolet-B-induced stomatal closure in an ethylene-dependent manner. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 301:110679. [PMID: 33218642 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Although the UV RESISTANCE LOCUS 8 (UVR8)-CONSTITUTIVELY PHOTOMORPHOGENIC1 (COP1)-ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL5 (HY5) signaling pathway, ethylene, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and nitric oxide (NO) all participate in ultraviolet-B (UV-B)-triggered stomatal closing, their interrelationship is not clear. Here, we found that UV-B-induced the expression of ethylene biosynthetic genes, production of ethylene, H2O2, and NO, and stomata closing were impaired in uvr8, cop1, and hy5 mutants. UV-B-induced NO production and stomata closing were also defective in mutants for ETHYLENE RESPONSE 1 (ETR1), ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE 2 (EIN2), and EIN3, but UV-B-triggered H2O2 generation was only inhibited in etr1. In either the absence or presence of UV-B, ethylene triggered H2O2 production but not NO generation and stomatal closure in cop1 and hy5, and stomata closing in cop1 and hy5 was induced by NO but not H2O2. Moreover, NO production and stomatal closure were constitutively caused by over-expression of COP1 or HY5 in ein2 and ein3, but not by over-expression of EIN2 or EIN3 in cop1 and hy5. Our data indicate that the UVR8-COP1-HY5 signaling module mediates UV-B-induced ethylene production, ethylene is then perceived by ETR1 to induce H2O2 synthesis. H2O2 induces NO generation and subsequent stomata closing via an EIN2, EIN3, COP1, and HY5-dependent pathway(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Min Ge
- School of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Xin Hu
- School of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- School of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Qin-Mei Huang
- School of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- School of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Zhong-Qi Li
- School of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Sha Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Jun-Min He
- School of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China.
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Chen Y, Shen Q, Lv P, Sun C. Comparative metabolomic analyses of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo responding to UV-B radiation reveal variations in the metabolisms associated with its bioactive ingredients. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9107. [PMID: 32655986 PMCID: PMC7331624 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo, a member of the genus Dendrobium, is a traditional Chinese medicine with high commercial value. The positive roles of UV-B radiation on active ingredient metabolism in various medicinal plants have been studied. However, the metabolic responses of D. officinale stems to UV-B treatment is largely unknown. Methods An untargeted metabolomics method was used to investigate the metabolic variations in D. officinale stems between the control and UV-B treatments. Results In total, 3,655 annotated metabolites, including 640 up- and 783 down-regulated metabolites, were identified and grouped into various primary metabolic categories. Then, a number of metabolites involved in the polysaccharide, alkaloid and flavonoid biosynthesis pathways were identified. For polysaccharide biosynthesis, several intermediate products, such as pyruvate, secologanate, tryptophan and secologanin, were significantly up-regulated by the UV-B treatment. For polysaccharide biosynthesis, many key fundamental building blocks, from the glycolysis, starch and sucrose metabolism, and fructose and mannose metabolism pathways, were induced by the UV-B treatment. For flavonoid metabolism, accumulations of several intermediate products of chalcone synthase, chalcone isomerase and flavanone 3-hydroxylase were affected by the UV-B treatment, indicating an involvement of UV-B in flavonoid biosynthesis. The UV-B induced accumulation of polysaccharides, alkaloids and flavonoids was confirmed by HPLC analysis. Our study will help to understand the effects of UV-B on the accumulation of active ingredients in D. officinale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Chen
- Institute of Horticulture, Zhejiang Academy of Agriculture Science, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Creative Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi Shen
- Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agriculture Science, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ping Lv
- Agro Technical Extension and Service Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chongbo Sun
- Institute of Horticulture, Zhejiang Academy of Agriculture Science, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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20
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Ma T, Gao H, Zhang D, Shi Y, Zhang T, Shen X, Wu L, Xiang L, Chen S. Transcriptome analyses revealed the ultraviolet B irradiation and phytohormone gibberellins coordinately promoted the accumulation of artemisinin in Artemisia annua L. Chin Med 2020; 15:67. [PMID: 32625243 PMCID: PMC7329506 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-020-00344-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Artemisinin-based combination therapy has become the preferred approach for treating malaria and has successfully reduced malaria-related mortality. Currently, the main source of artemisinin is Artemisia annua L., and thus, it is of strategic importance to enhance artemisinin contents in A. annua plants. Phytohormones and illumination are known to be important external environmental factor that can have notable effects on the production of secondary metabolite. The activities of different hormones can be influenced to varying degrees by light, and thus light and hormones may jointly regulate various processes in plants. Here, we performed transcriptome and metabolome analyses revealed that ultraviolet B irradiation and phytohormone gibberellins coordinately promoted the accumulation of artemisinin in Artemisia annua. Methods Artemisinin analysis was performed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-QqQ-MS/MS). RNA sequencing, GO and KEGG enrichment analysis were applied to analyzing the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) under ultraviolet B irradiation and gibberellins treatments. Weighted gene co-expression network (WGCNA) analyzed the genes in artemisinin‑related modules and identified candidate hub genes in these modules. Results In this study, we found that cross-talk between UV-B and GA induced processes leading to modifications in artemisinin accumulation. A total of 14,762 genes differentially expressed (DEGs) among different treatments were identified by transcriptome analysis. UV-B and GA treatments enhanced the accumulation of artemisinin by up-regulating the expression of the key artemisinin biosynthesis genes ADS and CYP71AV1. According to the high degree value and high expression level, a total of 84 co-expressed transcription factors were identified. Among them, MYB and NAC TFs mainly involved in regulating the biosynthesis of artemisinin. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis revealed that GA + UV in blue modules was positively correlated with artemisinin synthesis, suggesting that the candidate hub genes in these modules should be up-regulated to enhance artemisinin synthesis in response to GA + UV treatment. Conclusion Our study demonstrated the co-regulation of artemisinin biosynthetic pathway genes under ultraviolet B irradiation and phytohormone gibberellins treatment. The co-expression was analysis revealed that the selected MYB and NAC TFs might have regulated the artemisinin biosynthesis gene expression with ADS and CYP71AV1 genes. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis revealed that GA + UV treatment in blue modules was positively correlated with artemisinin synthesis. We established the network to distinguish candidate hub genes in blue modules might be up-regulated to enhance artemisinin synthesis in response to GA + UV treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingyu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700 China
| | - Han Gao
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700 China
| | - Yuhua Shi
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700 China
| | - Tianyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Xiaofeng Shen
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700 China
| | - Lan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700 China
| | - Li Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700 China
| | - Shilin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700 China
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Active thermography for real time monitoring of UV-B plant interactions. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2020; 208:111900. [PMID: 32460117 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2020.111900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Although Ultraviolet-B (UV-B)-plant interactions have been extensively analysed in the past years, many physiological aspects of the complex plant response mechanisms still need to be elucidated. Depending on the energy dose, this part of the electromagnetic spectrum can induce detrimental or beneficial effects in plant and fruit. In the present work, active thermography is used to analyse in real time the response of plants under different doses of artificial UV-B. In particular, we investigated the temporal variations of the leaf surface temperature (LST) to UV-B exposure by Long Pulse and Lock-in thermography in Epipremnum aureum and in Arabidopsis plants overexpressing or knockout mutants of UVR8, the known UV-B photoreceptor. In both cases, UV-B irradiation triggers a cooling effect, namely a thermal response characterised by a LST lower respect to the initial value. Lock-in thermography demonstrated that the cooling effect is associated with an immediate mobilization and accumulation of water in the leaves. Also, we demonstrated that thermographic responses change according to the different capability of plants to tolerate high UV-B radiation. Our study highlights new physiological and physical aspects of the plants response to UV-B radiation and, more in general, it opens new opportunities for the use of the thermography as smart tool for real-time monitoring of plant environmental interactions.
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Mannucci A, Mariotti L, Castagna A, Santin M, Trivellini A, Reyes TH, Mensuali-Sodi A, Ranieri A, Quartacci MF. Hormone profile changes occur in roots and leaves of Micro-Tom tomato plants when exposing the aerial part to low doses of UV-B radiation. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 148:291-301. [PMID: 32000106 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
During the last decades, many studies investigated the effects of UV-B on the above-ground organs of plants, directly reached by the radiation but, to the best of our knowledges, the influence of mild UV-B doses on root hormones was not explored. Consequently, this research aimed at understanding whether low, not-stressful doses of UV-B radiation applied above-ground influenced the hormone concentrations in leaves and roots of Micro-Tom tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) plants during 11 days of treatment and after 3 days of recovery. In particular, ethylene, abscisic acid, jasmonic acid, salicylic acid and indoleacetic acid were investigated. The unchanged levels of chlorophyll a and b, lutein, total xanthophylls and carotenoids, as well as the similar H2O2 concentration between control and treated groups suggest that the UV-B dose applied was well tolerated by the plants. Leaf ethylene emission decreased after 8 and 11 days of irradiation, while no effect was found in roots. Conversely, indoleacetic acid underwent a significant reduction in both organs, though in the roots the decrease occurred only at the end of the recovery period. Salicylic acid increased transiently in both leaves and roots on day 8. Changes in leaf and root hormone levels induced by UV-B radiation were not accompanied by marked alterations of plant architecture. The results show that irradiation of above-ground organs with low UV-B doses can affect the hormone concentrations also in roots, with likely implications in stress and acclimation responses mediated by these signal molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Mannucci
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, PI, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Mariotti
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, PI, Italy
| | - Antonella Castagna
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, PI, Italy
| | - Marco Santin
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, PI, Italy
| | - Alice Trivellini
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Pisa, PI, Italy
| | - Thais Huarancca Reyes
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, PI, Italy
| | - Anna Mensuali-Sodi
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Pisa, PI, Italy
| | - Annamaria Ranieri
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, PI, Italy.
| | - Mike Frank Quartacci
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, PI, Italy
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Li Y, Kong D, Fu Y, Sussman MR, Wu H. The effect of developmental and environmental factors on secondary metabolites in medicinal plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 148:80-89. [PMID: 31951944 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 348] [Impact Index Per Article: 87.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Secondary metabolites (SMs) of medicinal plants are the material basis of their clinically curative effects. They are also important indicators for evaluating the quality of medicinal materials. However, the synthesis and accumulation of SMs are very complex, which are affected by many factors including internal developmental genetic circuits (regulated gene, enzyme) and by external environment factors (light, temperature, water, salinity, etc.). Currently, lots of literatures focused on the effect of environmental factors on the synthesis and accumulation of SMs of medicinal plants, the effect of the developmental growth and genetic factors on the synthesis and accumulation of SMs still lack systematic classification and summary. Here, we have given the review base on our previous works on the morphological development of medicinal plants and their secondary metabolites, and systematically outlined the literature reports how different environmental factors affected the synthesis and accumulation of SMs. The results of our reviews can know how developmental and environmental factors qualitatively and quantitatively influence SMs of medicinal plants and how these can be integrated as tools to quality control, as well as on the improvement of clinical curative effects by altering their genomes, and/or growth conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqun Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Technology Research Center for Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and Natural Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Dexin Kong
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Ying Fu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Michael R Sussman
- Biotechnology Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Hong Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Technology Research Center for Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and Natural Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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Xiang L, Jian D, Zhang F, Yang C, Bai G, Lan X, Chen M, Tang K, Liao Z. The cold-induced transcription factor bHLH112 promotes artemisinin biosynthesis indirectly via ERF1 in Artemisia annua. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:4835-4848. [PMID: 31087059 PMCID: PMC6760284 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins are the second largest family of transcription factors (TFs) involved in developmental and physiological processes in plants. In this study, 205 putative bHLH TF genes were identified in the genome of Artemisia annua and expression of 122 of these was determined from transcriptomes used to construct the genetic map of A. annua. Analysis of gene expression association allowed division of the 122 bHLH TFs into five groups. Group V, containing 15 members, was tightly associated with artemisinin biosynthesis genes. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that two bHLH TFs, AabHLH106 and AabHLH112, were clustered with Arabidopsis ICE proteins. AabHLH112 was induced by low temperature, while AabHLH106 was not. We therefore chose AabHLH112 for further examination. AabHLH112 was highly expressed in glandular secretory trichomes, flower buds, and leaves. Dual-luciferase assays demonstrated that AabHLH112 enhanced the promoter activity of artemisinin biosynthesis genes and AaERF1, an AP2/ERF TF that directly and positively regulates artemisinin biosynthesis genes. Yeast one-hybrid assays indicated that AabHLH112 could bind to the AaERF1 promoter, but not to the promoters of artemisinin biosynthesis genes. Overexpression of AabHLH112 significantly up-regulated the expression levels of AaERF1 and artemisinin biosynthesis genes and consequently promoted artemisinin production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lien Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Engineering Research Centre for Sweet Potato, SWU-TAAHC Medicinal Plant Joint R&D Centre, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dongqin Jian
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Engineering Research Centre for Sweet Potato, SWU-TAAHC Medicinal Plant Joint R&D Centre, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fangyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Engineering Research Centre for Sweet Potato, SWU-TAAHC Medicinal Plant Joint R&D Centre, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chunxian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Engineering Research Centre for Sweet Potato, SWU-TAAHC Medicinal Plant Joint R&D Centre, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ge Bai
- Tobacco Breeding and Biotechnology Research Center, Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biotechnological Breeding, National Tobacco Genetic Engineering Research Center, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaozhong Lan
- TAAHC-SWU Medicinal Plant Joint R&D Centre, Xizang Agricultural and Husbandry College, Nyingchi of Tibet, China
| | - Min Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kexuan Tang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South) Ministry of Agriculture, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhihua Liao
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Engineering Research Centre for Sweet Potato, SWU-TAAHC Medicinal Plant Joint R&D Centre, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Correspondence:
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Ma YJ, Lu CS, Wang JW. Effects of 5-Azacytidine on Growth and Hypocrellin Production of Shiraia bambusicola. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2508. [PMID: 30405568 PMCID: PMC6200910 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypocrellins, fungal perylenequinones of Shiraia bambusicola are developed as important photodynamic therapy agents against cancers and viruses. Due to the limitation of the wild resources, the mycelium culture is a promising alternative for hypocrellin production. As DNA methylation has profound effects on fungal growth, development and secondary metabolism, we used both McrBC cleavage and HPLC analysis to reveal the status of DNA methylation of S. bambusicola mycelium. We found that DNA methylation is absent in mycelia, but DNA methylation inhibitor 5-azacytidine (5-AC) still induced the fluffy phenotype and decreased hypocrellin contents significantly. Simultaneously, a total of 4,046 differentially expressed genes were induced by 5-AC, including up-regulated 2,392 unigenes (59.12%) and down-regulated 1,654 unigenes (40.88%). Gene ontology analysis showed 5-AC treatment changed expression of genes involved in membrane composition and oxidation–reduction process. The fluffy phenotype in 5-AC-treated S. bambusicola was closely related to strong promotion of developmental regulator WetA and the repression of the sexual developmental actor VeA and LaeA. It was a surprise finding that 5-AC reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production significantly in the mycelia via the inhibition of NADPH oxidase gene (NOX) expression and NOX activity. With the treatment of vitamin C and H2O2, we found that the reduced ROS generation was involved in the down-regulated expression of key genes for hypocrellin biosynthesis and the decreased hypocrellin production. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt to examine DNA methylation level in S. bambusicola. Our results suggested that the mediation of ROS generation could not be ignored in the study using 5-AC as a specific DNA methylation inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Jun Ma
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Can Song Lu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jian Wen Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Xia J, Ma YJ, Wang Y, Wang JW. Deciphering transcriptome profiles of tetraploid Artemisia annua plants with high artemisinin content. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 130:112-126. [PMID: 29982168 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
To investigate on the effects of autopolyploidization on growth and artemisinin biosynthesis in Artemisia annua, we performed a comprehensive transcriptomic characterization of diploid and induced autotetraploid A. annua. The polyploidization treatment not only enhanced photosynthetic capacity and endogenous contents of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), abscisic acid (ABA) and jasmonic acid (JA), oxidative stress, but increased the average level of artemisinin in tetraploids from 42.0 to 63.6%. The obvious phenotypic alterations in tetraploids were observed including shorter stems, larger size of stomata and glandular secretory trichomes (GSTs), larger leaves, more branches and roots. A total of 8763 (8.85%) differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in autotetraploids and mainly involved in carbohydrate metabolic processes, cell wall organization and defense responses. Both the up-regulated expression of DNA methylation unigenes and enhanced level of DNA methylation in autotetraploids indicated a possible role of DNA methylation on transcriptomic remodeling and phenotypic alteration. The up-regulated genes were enriched in response to extracellular protein biosynthesis, photosynthesis and hormone stimulus for cell enlargement and phenotypic alteration. The genomic shock induced by chromosome duplication stimulated the expression of transcripts related to oxidative stress, biosynthesis and signal transduction of ABA and JA, and key enzymes in artemisinin biosynthetic pathway, leading to the increased accumulation of artemisinin. This is the first transcriptomic research that identifies DEGs involved in the polyploidization of A. annua. The results provide novel information for understanding the complexity of polyploidization and for further identification of the factors and genes involve in artemisinin biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xia
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yan Jun Ma
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yue Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Jian Wen Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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Improved hypocrellin A production in Shiraia bambusicola by light-dark shift. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2018; 182:100-107. [PMID: 29656218 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Revised: 03/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Hypocrellin A (HA) is a major bioactive perylenequinone from the fruiting body of Shiraia bambusicola used for the treatment of skin diseases and developed as a photodynamic therapy (PDT) agent against cancers and viruses. The mycelial culture of S. bambusicola under dark is a biotechnological alternative for HA production but with low yield. In this study, light and dark conditions were investigated to develop effective elicitation on HA production in the cultures. Our results showed the constant light at 200 lx stimulated HA production without any growth retardation of mycelia. A light/dark shift (24: 24 h) not only increased HA content in mycelia by 65%, but stimulated HA release into the medium with the highest total HA production 181.67 mg/L on day 8, about 73% increase over the dark control. Moreover, light/dark shifting induced the formation of smaller and more compact fungal pellets, suggesting a new effective strategy for large-scale production of HA in mycelium cultures. The light/dark shift up-regulated the expression levels of two reactive oxygen species (ROS) related genes including superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase (Nox) and cytochrome c peroxidase (CCP), and induced the generation of ROS. With the treatment of vitamin C, we found that ROS was involved in the up-regulated expression of key biosynthetical genes for hypocrellins and improved HA production. These results provide a basis for understanding the influence of light/dark shift on fungal metabolism and the application of a novel strategy for enhancing HA production in submerged Shiraia cultures.
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Lei XY, Zhang MY, Ma YJ, Wang JW. Transcriptomic responses involved in enhanced production of hypocrellin A by addition of Triton X-100 in submerged cultures of Shiraia bambusicola. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 44:1415-1429. [PMID: 28685359 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-017-1965-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The addition of surfactant is a useful strategy to enhance the product yield in submerged fermentation process. In this study, we sought to explore the mechanism for the elicitation of Triton X-100 on production of hypocrellin A (HA) in cultures of Shiraia bambusicola through transcriptomic analysis. Triton X-100 at 2.5% (w/v) not only induced HA biosynthesis in mycelia, but also stimulated the release of HA into the medium. We found 23 of 2463 transcripts, possible candidate genes for HA biosynthesis under Triton X-100 induction. Gene ontology (GO) analysis showed Triton X-100 treatment changed expression of genes involved in transmembrane transport and oxidation-reduction process, indicating that enhanced HA production was mainly due to both elicited biosynthesis in mycelium and the increased membrane permeability for HA release. These data provided new insights into elicitation of surfactants in submerged cultures of fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu Yun Lei
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, China
| | - Ming Ye Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, China
| | - Yan Jun Ma
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, China
| | - Jian Wen Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, China.
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Hao X, Zhong Y, Fu X, Lv Z, Shen Q, Yan T, Shi P, Ma Y, Chen M, Lv X, Wu Z, Zhao J, Sun X, Li L, Tang K. Transcriptome Analysis of Genes Associated with the Artemisinin Biosynthesis by Jasmonic Acid Treatment under the Light in Artemisia annua. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:971. [PMID: 28642777 PMCID: PMC5463050 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Artemisinin is a sesquiterpene lactone endoperoxide extracted from a traditional Chinese medicinal plant Artemisia annua. Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) are recommended as the best treatment of malaria by the World Health Organization (WHO). Both the phytohormone jasmonic acid (JA) and light promote artemisinin biosynthesis in A. annua. Interestingly, we found that the increase of artemisinin biosynthesis by JA was dependent on light. However, the relationship between the two signal pathways mediated by JA and light remains unclear. Here, we collected the A. annua seedlings of 24 h continuous light (Light), 24 h dark treatment (Dark), 4 h MeJA treatment under the continuous light conditions (Light-MeJA-4h) and 4 h MeJA treatment under the dark conditions (Dark-MeJA-4h) and performed the transcriptome sequencing using Illumina HiSeq 4000 System. A total of 266.7 million clean data were produced and assembled into 185,653 unigenes, with an average length of 537 bp. Among them, 59,490 unigenes were annotated and classified based on the public information. Differential expression analyses were performed between Light and Dark, Light and Light-MeJA-4h, Dark and Dark-MeJA-4h, Light-MeJA-4h, and Dark-MeJA-4h, respectively. Furthermore, transcription factor (TF) analysis revealed that 1588 TFs were identified and divided into 55 TF families, with 284 TFs down-regulated in the Dark relative to Light and 96 TFs up-regulated in the Light-MeJA-4h relative to Light. 8 TFs were selected as candidates for regulating the artemisinin biosynthesis and one of them was validated to be involved in artemisinin transcriptional regulation by Dual-Luciferase (Dual-LUC) assay. The transcriptome data shown in our study offered a comprehensive transcriptional expression pattern influenced by the MeJA and light in A. annua seedling, which will serve as a valuable resource for further studies on transcriptional regulation mechanisms underlying artemisinin biosynthesis.
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Asghar T, Iqbal M, Jamil Y, Zia-Ul-Haq, Nisar J, Shahid M. Comparison of HeNe laser and sinusoidal non-uniform magnetic field seed pre-sowing treatment effect on Glycine max (Var 90-I) germination, growth and yield. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2017; 166:212-219. [PMID: 27984750 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Recently, laser and magnetic field pre-sowing seed treatments attracted the attention of the scientific community in response to their positive effect on plant characteristics and the present study was exemplified for Glycine max Var 90-I. Seeds were exposed to laser (HeNe-wave length 632nm and density power of 1mW/cm2) and magnetic field (sinusoidal non-uniform-50, 75 and 100mT for 3, 5min with exposure) and seed germination, seedling growth and yield attributes were compared. The germination (mean germination, germination percentage, emergence index, germination speed, relative germination coefficient, emergence coefficient of uniformity) growth (root dry weight, root length, shoot fresh weight and shoot dry weight, leaf dry & fresh weight, root fresh weight, leaf area, shoot length, plant total dry weight at different stages, stem diameter, number of leaves, vigor index I & II), biochemical (essential oil) and yield attributes (seed weight, count) were enhanced significantly in response to both laser and magnetic field treatments. However, magnetic field treatment furnished slightly higher response versus laser except relative water contents, whole plant weight and shoot length. Results revealed that both laser and magnetic field pre-sowing seed treatments affect the germination, seedling growth, and yield characteristics positively and could possibly be used to enhance Glycine max productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tehseen Asghar
- Bio-Electromagnetics and Laser Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Munawar Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Yasir Jamil
- Bio-Electromagnetics and Laser Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Zia-Ul-Haq
- Department of Physics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Jan Nisar
- National Centre of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Yadav RK, Sangwan RS, Srivastava AK, Sangwan NS. Prolonged exposure to salt stress affects specialized metabolites-artemisinin and essential oil accumulation in Artemisia annua L.: metabolic acclimation in preferential favour of enhanced terpenoid accumulation accompanying vegetative to reproductive phase transition. PROTOPLASMA 2017; 254:505-522. [PMID: 27263081 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-016-0971-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Artemisia annua accumulates substantial quantities of unique and highly useful antimalarial sesquiternoid artemisinin and related phytomolecules as well as its characteristic essential oil in its glandular trichomes. The phytomolecules are mainly produced in its leaves and inflorescences. Artemisia annua plants were grown under NaCl salinity (50, 100 and 200 mM) stress conditions imposed throughout the entire life cycle of the plant. Results revealed that specialized metabolites like artemisinin, arteannuin-B, artemisinic acid + dihydroartemisinic acid and essential oil accumulation were positively modulated by NaCl salinity stress. Interestingly, total content of monoterpenoids and sesquiterpenoids of essential oil was induced by NaCl salinity treatment, contrary to previous observations. Production of camphor, the major essential oil constituent was induced under the influence of treatment. The metabolic acclimation and manifestations specific to terpenoid pathway are analysed vis-a-vis vegetative to reproductive periods and control of the modulation. WRKY and CYP71AV1 play a key role in mediating the responses through metabolism in glandular trichomes. The distinctness of the salinity induced responses is discussed in light of differential mechanism of adaptation to abiotic stresses and their impact on terpenoid-specific metabolic adjustments in A. annua. Results provide potential indications of possible adaptation of A. annua under saline conditions for agrarian techno-economic benefaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritesh Kumar Yadav
- Metabolic and Structural Biology Department, CSIR- Central Institute for Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Rajender Singh Sangwan
- Metabolic and Structural Biology Department, CSIR- Central Institute for Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Avadesh K Srivastava
- Metabolic and Structural Biology Department, CSIR- Central Institute for Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Neelam S Sangwan
- Metabolic and Structural Biology Department, CSIR- Central Institute for Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Lucknow, 226015, India.
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Vanhaelewyn L, Prinsen E, Van Der Straeten D, Vandenbussche F. Hormone-controlled UV-B responses in plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:4469-82. [PMID: 27401912 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet B (UV-B) light is a portion of solar radiation that has significant effects on the development and metabolism of plants. Effects of UV-B on plants can be classified into photomorphogenic effects and stress effects. These effects largely rely on the control of, and interactions with, hormonal pathways. The fairly recent discovery of the UV-B-specific photoreceptor UV RESISTANCE LOCUS 8 (UVR8) allowed evaluation of the role of downstream hormones, leading to the identification of connections with auxin and gibberellin. Moreover, a substantial overlap between UVR8 and phytochrome responses has been shown, suggesting that part of the responses caused by UVR8 are under PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR control. UV-B effects can also be independent of UVR8, and affect different hormonal pathways. UV-B affects hormonal pathways in various ways: photochemically, affecting biosynthesis, transport, and/or signaling. This review concludes that the effects of UV-B on hormonal regulation can be roughly divided in two: inhibition of growth-promoting hormones; and the enhancement of environmental stress-induced defense hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Vanhaelewyn
- Laboratory for Functional Plant Biology, Ghent University, KL Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Els Prinsen
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | | | - Filip Vandenbussche
- Laboratory for Functional Plant Biology, Ghent University, KL Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
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Muangphrom P, Seki H, Fukushima EO, Muranaka T. Artemisinin-based antimalarial research: application of biotechnology to the production of artemisinin, its mode of action, and the mechanism of resistance of Plasmodium parasites. J Nat Med 2016; 70:318-34. [PMID: 27250562 PMCID: PMC4935751 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-016-1008-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Malaria is a worldwide disease caused by Plasmodium parasites. A sesquiterpene endoperoxide artemisinin isolated from Artemisia annua was discovered and has been accepted for its use in artemisinin-based combinatorial therapies, as the most effective current antimalarial treatment. However, the quantity of this compound produced from the A. annua plant is very low, and the availability of artemisinin is insufficient to treat all infected patients. In addition, the emergence of artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium has been reported recently. Several techniques have been applied to enhance artemisinin availability, and studies related to its mode of action and the mechanism of resistance of malaria-causing parasites are ongoing. In this review, we summarize the application of modern technologies to improve the production of artemisinin, including our ongoing research on artemisinin biosynthetic genes in other Artemisia species. The current understanding of the mode of action of artemisinin as well as the mechanism of resistance against this compound in Plasmodium parasites is also presented. Finally, the current situation of malaria infection and the future direction of antimalarial drug development are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paskorn Muangphrom
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hikaru Seki
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ery Odette Fukushima
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Continuing Professional Development Center, Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Toshiya Muranaka
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
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Wang CH, Zheng LP, Tian H, Wang JW. Synergistic effects of ultraviolet-B and methyl jasmonate on tanshinone biosynthesis in Salvia miltiorrhiza hairy roots. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2016; 159:93-100. [PMID: 27043259 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Revised: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Tanshinones are major bioactive diterpenoids of Salvia miltiorrhiza roots used for the treatment of cardiocerebral diseases. To develop effective elicitation and bioprocess strategies for the enhanced production of tanshinones, ultraviolet-B (UV-B) irradiation and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) elicitation were applied alone or in combination respectively in S. miltiorrhiza hairy root cultures. Our results showed 40-min UV-B irradiation at 40μW/cm(2) stimulated tanshinone production without any suppression of root growth, suggesting a new effective elicitor to S. miltiorrhiza hairy root cultures for tanshinone production. Moreover, the combined treatment of UV-B irradiation and MeJA exhibited synergistic effects on the expression levels of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (SmHMGR) and geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase (SmGGPPS) genes in the tanshinone biosynthetic pathway. When hairy roots of 18-day-old cultures were exposed to the combined elicitation for 9days, the maximum production of tanshinone reached to 28.21mg/L, a 4.9-fold increase over the control. The combined elicitation of UV-B and MeJA was firstly used to stimulate the production of biologically important secondary metabolites in hairy root cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Hui Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Li Ping Zheng
- Department of Horticulture, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Hao Tian
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; Institute of Medicinal Plants, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, China
| | - Jian Wen Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
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Björn LO. On the history of phyto-photo UV science (not to be left in skoto toto and silence). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2015; 93:3-8. [PMID: 25308920 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2014.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
This review of the history of ultraviolet photobiology focuses on the effects of UV-B (280-315 nm) radiation on terrestrial plants. It describes the early history of ultraviolet photobiology, the discovery of DNA as a major ultraviolet target and the discovery of photoreactivation and photolyases, and the later identification of Photosystem II as another important target for damage to plants by UV-B radiation. Some experimental techniques are briefly outlined. The insight that the ozone layer was thinning spurred the interest in physiological and ecological effects of UV-B radiation and resulted in an exponential increase over time in the number of publications and citations until 1998, at which time it was realized by the research community that the Montreal Protocol regulating the pollution of the atmosphere with ozone depleting substances was effective. From then on, the publication and citation rate has continued to rise exponentially, but with an abrupt change to lower exponents. We have now entered a phase when more emphasis is put on the "positive" effects of UV-B radiation, and with more emphasis on regulation than on damage and inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Olof Björn
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China; Lund University, Department of Biology, Sölvegatan 35, SE-22362 Lund, Sweden.
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