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Zavřel T, Segečová A, Kovács L, Lukeš M, Novák Z, Pohland AC, Szabó M, Somogyi B, Prášil O, Červený J, Bernát G. A Comprehensive Study of Light Quality Acclimation in Synechocystis Sp. PCC 6803. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 65:1285-1297. [PMID: 38907526 PMCID: PMC11369814 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcae062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria play a key role in primary production in both oceans and fresh waters and hold great potential for sustainable production of a large number of commodities. During their life, cyanobacteria cells need to acclimate to a multitude of challenges, including shifts in intensity and quality of incident light. Despite our increasing understanding of metabolic regulation under various light regimes, detailed insight into fitness advantages and limitations under shifting light quality remains underexplored. Here, we study photo-physiological acclimation in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 throughout the photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) range. Using light emitting diodes (LEDs) with qualitatively different narrow spectra, we describe wavelength dependence of light capture, electron transport and energy transduction to main cellular pools. In addition, we describe processes that fine-tune light capture, such as state transitions, or the efficiency of energy transfer from phycobilisomes to photosystems (PS). We show that growth was the most limited under blue light due to inefficient light harvesting, and that many cellular processes are tightly linked to the redox state of the plastoquinone (PQ) pool, which was the most reduced under red light. The PSI-to-PSII ratio was low under blue photons, however, it was not the main growth-limiting factor, since it was even more reduced under violet and near far-red lights, where Synechocystis grew faster compared to blue light. Our results provide insight into the spectral dependence of phototrophic growth and can provide the foundation for future studies of molecular mechanisms underlying light acclimation in cyanobacteria, leading to light optimization in controlled cultivations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Zavřel
- Department of Adaptive Biotechnologies, Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 986/4a, Brno 60300, Czechia
| | - Anna Segečová
- Department of Adaptive Biotechnologies, Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 986/4a, Brno 60300, Czechia
| | - László Kovács
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged 6726, Hungary
| | - Martin Lukeš
- Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Novohradská 237, Třeboň 379 01, Czechia
| | - Zoltán Novák
- HUN-REN Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Klebelsberg Kuno utca 3., Tihany 8237, Hungary
| | - Anne-Christin Pohland
- HUN-REN Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Klebelsberg Kuno utca 3., Tihany 8237, Hungary
| | - Milán Szabó
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged 6726, Hungary
| | - Boglárka Somogyi
- HUN-REN Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Klebelsberg Kuno utca 3., Tihany 8237, Hungary
| | - Ondřej Prášil
- Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Novohradská 237, Třeboň 379 01, Czechia
| | - Jan Červený
- Department of Adaptive Biotechnologies, Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 986/4a, Brno 60300, Czechia
| | - Gábor Bernát
- HUN-REN Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Klebelsberg Kuno utca 3., Tihany 8237, Hungary
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Li P, Wang D, Hu Z, Chen D, Wang Y, Wang M, Wei S, Song C. Insight into the potential mechanism of bicarbonate assimilation promoted by mixotrophic in CO 2 absorption and microalgae conversion system. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 349:140903. [PMID: 38092167 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
CO2 absorption-microalgae conversion (CAMC) system is a promising carbon capture and utilization technology. However, the use of HCO3- as a carbon source often led to a slower growth rate of microalgae, which also limited the application of CAMC system. In this study, the assimilation efficiency of HCO3- in CAMC system was improved through mixotrophic, and the potential mechanism was investigated. The HCO3- assimilation efficiency and biomass under mixotrophic were 34.79% and 31.76% higher than that of control. Mixotrophic increased chlorophyll and phycocyanin content, which were beneficial to capture more light energy. The content of ATP and NADPH reached 566.86 μmol/gprot and 672.86 nmol/mgprot, which increased by 31.83% and 27.67% compared to autotrophic. The activity of carbonic anhydrase and Rubisco increased by 18.52% and 22.08%, respectively. Transcriptome showed that genes related to photosynthetic and respiratory electron transport were up-regulated. The synergy of photophosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation greatly improved energy metabolism efficiency, thus accelerating the assimilation of HCO3-. These results revealed a potential mechanism of promoting the HCO3- assimilation under mixotrophic, it also provided a guidance for using CAMC system to serve carbon neutrality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, PR China
| | - Dantong Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, PR China
| | - Zhan Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, PR China
| | - Danqing Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, PR China
| | - Yi Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, PR China
| | - Min Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Wetland Conservation and Green Development of Hebei Provin, Hengshui University, PR China
| | - Shuzhen Wei
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Wetland Conservation and Green Development of Hebei Provin, Hengshui University, PR China
| | - Chunfeng Song
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, PR China.
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Magyar M, Sipka G, Han W, Li X, Han G, Shen JR, Lambrev PH, Garab G. Characterization of the Rate-Limiting Steps in the Dark-To-Light Transitions of Closed Photosystem II: Temperature Dependence and Invariance of Waiting Times during Multiple Light Reactions. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010094. [PMID: 36613535 PMCID: PMC9820552 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Rate-limiting steps in the dark-to-light transition of Photosystem II (PSII) were discovered by measuring the variable chlorophyll-a fluorescence transients elicited by single-turnover saturating flashes (STSFs). It was shown that in diuron-treated samples: (i) the first STSF, despite fully reducing the QA quinone acceptor molecule, generated only an F1(<Fm) fluorescence level; (ii) to produce the maximum (Fm) level, additional excitations were required, which, however, (iii) were effective only with sufficiently long Δτ waiting times between consecutive STSFs. Detailed studies revealed the gradual formation of the light-adapted charge-separated state, PSIIL. The data presented here substantiate this assignment: (i) the Δτ1/2 half-increment rise (or half-waiting) times of the diuron-treated isolated PSII core complexes (CCs) of Thermostichus vulcanus and spinach thylakoid membranes displayed similar temperature dependences between 5 and −80 °C, with substantially increased values at low temperatures; (ii) the Δτ1/2 values in PSII CC were essentially invariant on the Fk−to-Fk+1 (k = 1−4) increments both at 5 and at −80 °C, indicating the involvement of the same physical mechanism during the light-adaptation process of PSIIL. These data are in harmony with the earlier proposed role of dielectric relaxation processes in the formation of the light-adapted charge-separated state and in the variable chlorophyll-a fluorescence of PSII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melinda Magyar
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, 6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor Sipka
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, 6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Wenhui Han
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Xingyue Li
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Guangye Han
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Jian-Ren Shen
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Petar H. Lambrev
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, 6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Győző Garab
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, 6726 Szeged, Hungary
- Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, 710 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
- Correspondence:
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Paul K, Gaikwad M, Choudhary P, Mohan N, Pai P, Patil SD, Pawar Y, Chawande A, Banerjee A, Nagle V, Chelliah M, Sapre A, Dasgupta S. Year-round sustainable biomass production potential of Nannochloris sp. in outdoor raceway pond enabled through strategic photobiological screening. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2022; 154:303-328. [PMID: 36434418 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-022-00984-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae cultivation utilizes the energy of sunlight to reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) for producing renewable energy feedstock. The commercial success of the biological fixation of carbon in a consistent manner depends upon the availability of a robust microalgae strain. In the present work, we report the identification of a novel marine Nannochloris sp. through multiparametric photosynthetic evaluation. Detailed photobiological analysis of this strain has revealed a smaller functional antenna, faster relaxation kinetics of non-photochemical quenching, and a high photosynthetic rate with increasing light and temperatures. Furthermore, laboratory scale growth assessment demonstrated a broad range halotolerance of 10-70 parts per thousand (PPT) and high-temperature tolerance up to 45 °C. Such traits led to the translation of biomass productivity potential from the laboratory scale (0.2-3.0 L) to the outdoor 50,000 L raceway pond scale (500-m2) without any pond crashes. The current investigation revealed outdoor single-day peak areal biomass productivity of 43 g m-2 d-1 in summer with an annual (March 2019-February 2020) average productivity of 20 g m-2 d-1 in seawater. From a sustainability perspective, this is the first report of successful round-the-year (> 347 days) multi-season (summer, monsoon, and winter) outdoor cultivation of Nannochloris sp. in broad seawater salinity (1-57 PPT), wide temperature ranges (15-40 °C), and in fluctuating light conditions. Concurrently, outdoor cultivation of this strain demonstrated conducive fatty acid distribution, including increased unsaturated fatty acids in winter. This inherent characteristic might play a role in protecting photosynthesis machinery at low temperatures and in high light stress. Altogether, our marine Nannochloris sp. showed tremendous potential for commercial scale cultivation to produce biofuels, food ingredients, and a sustainable source for vegetarian protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenny Paul
- Synthetic Biology Research and Development Group, Reliance Industries Limited, Reliance Corporate Park, Ghansoli, Thane- Belapur Road, Navi Mumbai, 400701, India
| | - Mahadev Gaikwad
- Synthetic Biology Research and Development Group, Reliance Industries Limited, Reliance Corporate Park, Ghansoli, Thane- Belapur Road, Navi Mumbai, 400701, India
| | | | | | - Puja Pai
- Synthetic Biology Research and Development Group, Reliance Industries Limited, Reliance Corporate Park, Ghansoli, Thane- Belapur Road, Navi Mumbai, 400701, India
| | - Smita D Patil
- Synthetic Biology Research and Development Group, Reliance Industries Limited, Reliance Corporate Park, Ghansoli, Thane- Belapur Road, Navi Mumbai, 400701, India
| | - Yogesh Pawar
- Synthetic Biology Research and Development Group, Reliance Industries Limited, Reliance Corporate Park, Ghansoli, Thane- Belapur Road, Navi Mumbai, 400701, India
| | - Akshay Chawande
- Synthetic Biology Research and Development Group, Reliance Industries Limited, Reliance Corporate Park, Ghansoli, Thane- Belapur Road, Navi Mumbai, 400701, India
| | - Arun Banerjee
- Synthetic Biology Research and Development Group, Reliance Industries Limited, Reliance Corporate Park, Ghansoli, Thane- Belapur Road, Navi Mumbai, 400701, India.
| | - Vinod Nagle
- Synthetic Biology Research and Development Group, Reliance Industries Limited, Reliance Corporate Park, Ghansoli, Thane- Belapur Road, Navi Mumbai, 400701, India
| | | | - Ajit Sapre
- Synthetic Biology Research and Development Group, Reliance Industries Limited, Reliance Corporate Park, Ghansoli, Thane- Belapur Road, Navi Mumbai, 400701, India
| | - Santanu Dasgupta
- Synthetic Biology Research and Development Group, Reliance Industries Limited, Reliance Corporate Park, Ghansoli, Thane- Belapur Road, Navi Mumbai, 400701, India
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Photoacclimation of photosystem II photochemistry induced by rose Bengal and methyl viologen in Nannochloropsis oceanica. PHOTOCHEMICAL & PHOTOBIOLOGICAL SCIENCES : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN PHOTOCHEMISTRY ASSOCIATION AND THE EUROPEAN SOCIETY FOR PHOTOBIOLOGY 2022; 21:2205-2215. [PMID: 36074327 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-022-00289-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The photosynthetic apparatus is a major reactive oxygen species (ROS) proliferator, especially in high-light environments. The role of ROS in photoinhibition and photoacclimation mechanisms has been extensively explored, primarily in model plant species. However, little work has been performed on the topic in non-Archaeplastida organisms, such as the model heterokont species Nannochloropsis oceanica. To investigate the photoacclimation and damaging impact of singlet oxygen and superoxide anions on the photosynthetic apparatus of N. oceanica, we subjected cells to two doses of methyl viologen and rose bengal. Significant findings: Rose bengal (a singlet-oxygen photosensitizer) induced changes to the photosynthetic apparatus and PSII photochemistry mirroring high-light-acclimated cells, suggesting that singlet-oxygen signaling plays a role in the high-light acclimation of PSII. We further suggest that this singlet-oxygen pathway is mediated outside the plastid, given that rose bengal caused no detectable damage to the photosynthetic apparatus. Methyl viologen (a superoxide-anion sensitizer) induced an enhanced non-photochemical quenching response, similar to what occurs in high-light-acclimated cells. We propose that superoxide anions produced inside the plastid help regulate the high-light acclimation of photoprotective pathways.
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Patil PP, Vass I, Szabó M. Characterization of the Wave Phenomenon in Flash-Induced Fluorescence Relaxation and Its Application to Study Cyclic Electron Pathways in Microalgae. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:4927. [PMID: 35563318 PMCID: PMC9103854 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Photosynthesis is a series of redox reactions, in which several electron transport processes operate to provide the energetic balance of light harvesting. In addition to linear electron flow, which ensures the basic functions of photosynthetic productivity and carbon fixation, alternative electron transport pathways operate, such as the cyclic electron flow (CEF), which play a role in the fine tuning of photosynthesis and balancing the ATP/NADPH ratio under stress conditions. In this work, we characterized the electron transport processes in microalgae species that have high relevance in applied research and industry (e.g., Chlorella sorokiniana, Haematococcus pluvialis, Dunaliella salina, Nannochloropsis sp.) by using flash-induced fluorescence relaxation kinetics. We found that a wave phenomenon appeared in the fluorescence relaxation profiles of microalgae to different extents; it was remarkable in the red cells of H. pluvialis, D. salina and C. sorokiniana, but it was absent in green cells of H. pluvialis and N. limnetica. Furthermore, in microalgae, unlike in cyanobacteria, the appearance of the wave required the partial decrease in the activity of Photosystem II, because the relatively high Photosystem II/Photosystem I ratio in microalgae prevented the enhanced oxidation of the plastoquinone pool. The wave phenomenon was shown to be related to the antimycin A-sensitive pathway of CEF in C. sorokiniana but not in other species. Therefore, the fluorescence wave phenomenon appears to be a species-specific indicator of the redox reactions of the plastoquinone pool and certain pathways of cyclic electron flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Pradeep Patil
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 6726 Szeged, Hungary;
| | - Imre Vass
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 6726 Szeged, Hungary;
| | - Milán Szabó
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 6726 Szeged, Hungary;
- Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
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The Effects of Photobioreactor Type on Biomass and Lipid Production of the Green Microalga Monoraphidium pusillum in Laboratory Scale. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12042196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Mass production of microorganisms, algae among them, for new bioactive compounds and renewable innovative products is a current issue in biotechnology. The greatest challenge of basic research on this topic is to find the best solution for both physiology and scalability. In this study, the main goal was to highlight the contradictions of physiological and technological optimization in the same, relatively small, laboratory scale. The green alga Monoraphidium pusillum (Printz) Komárková-Legnorová was cultured in a conventional Erlenmeyer flask (as air bubbled in a tank-type photobioreactor) and in a hybrid (fermenter type + helical tubular type) photobioreactor of the same volume (2.8 L). Higher cell numbers from 1.7–2.3-fold, 2–2.8-fold higher dry masses, and 1.9–2.6-fold higher total lipid contents (mg·L−1) were measured in the tank reactor than in the hybrid reactor. Cultures in the conventional tank reactor were characterized with better nutrient utilization (42.8–77.7% higher phosphate uptake) and more diverse lipid composition than in the hybrid reactor. The study highlights that well-scalable arrangements and settings could be not optimal (or unsuitable in some cases) from a physiological point of view. The results suggest certain developmental directions for complex, well-scalable devices and highlight the importance of testing the gained physiological optima on these systems.
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Zavřel T, Schoffman H, Lukeš M, Fedorko J, Keren N, Červený J. Monitoring fitness and productivity in cyanobacteria batch cultures. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Hu H, Li JY, Zhai SW, Wu DD, Zhu SG, Zeng RJ. Effect of inorganic carbon limitation on the conversion of organic carbon to total fatty acids by Monodus subterraneus. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 737:140275. [PMID: 32783858 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Traditional autotrophic microalgae exhibit low rates of organic carbon assimilation and conversion to useful compounds when switching to mixotrophic or heterotrophic growth. The goal of this study was to investigate the effect of inorganic carbon limitation on the efficiency of organic carbon (glycerol) assimilation and conversion to total fatty acids (TFAs) or the long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). An oleaginous Monodus subterraneus was selected and six cultivation conditions were set, including Autotrophy-no aeration, Autotrophy-aeration, Mixotrophy-no aeration, Mixotrophy-no aeration & no Na2CO3, Mixotrophy-aeration, and Heterotrophy. The results showed M. subterraneus could utilize glycerol and grow under mixotrophic condition, while it was not occurred under heterotrophy. Superiority of mixotrophy to autotrophy on biomass productivity was more obvious under inorganic carbon limitation (no aeration or no Na2CO3) than inorganic carbon supply (aeration and existing Na2CO3 in the medium). CO2 limitation (no aeration) decreased content (of dry weight) and production (in medium) of TFAs, which was not evident in mixotrophy. CO2 limitation and inorganic carbon substrate stress largely improved the COD yield of TFAs and EPA under mixotrophic condition. TFA yield (%COD) under Mixotrophy-no aeration & no Na2CO3 was maximum (22.82%), and was almost two-fold higher than that under Mixotrophy-no aeration and nearly three-fold higher than that with Mixotrophy-aeration. EPA yield (% COD) under mixotrophy-no aeration & no Na2CO3 was maximum (6.58%). These results suggested that inorganic carbon limitation is a potentially useful method to enhance conversion of organic carbon to TFAs. Furthermore, the results suggest an application to obtain high value compounds (TFAs or EPA) combined with a high assimilation rate of waste glycerol from biodiesel and epichlorohydrin production by microalgae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Hu
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Jia-Yun Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, PR China
| | - Su-Wan Zhai
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Dan-Dan Wu
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Shu-Guang Zhu
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Raymond Jianxiong Zeng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China.
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Patil PP, Vass I, Kodru S, Szabó M. A multi-parametric screening platform for photosynthetic trait characterization of microalgae and cyanobacteria under inorganic carbon limitation. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0236188. [PMID: 32701995 PMCID: PMC7377499 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Microalgae and cyanobacteria are considered as important model organisms to investigate the biology of photosynthesis; moreover, they are valuable sources of biomolecules for several biotechnological applications. Understanding the species-specific traits of photosynthetic electron transport is extremely important, because it contributes to the regulation of ATP/NADPH ratio, which has direct/indirect links to carbon fixation and other metabolic pathways and thus overall growth and biomass production. In the present work, a cuvette-based setup is developed, in which a combination of measurements of dissolved oxygen, pH, chlorophyll fluorescence and NADPH kinetics can be performed without disturbing the physiological status of the sample. The suitability of the system is demonstrated using a model cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC6803, as well as biofuel-candidate microalgae species, such as Chlorella sorokiniana, Dunaliella salina and Nannochloropsis limnetica undergoing inorganic carbon (Ci) limitation. Inorganic carbon limitation, induced by photosynthetic Ci uptake under continuous illumination, caused a decrease in the effective quantum yield of PSII (Y(II)) and loss of oxygen-evolving capacity in all species investigated here; these effects were largely recovered by the addition of NaHCO3. Detailed analysis of the dark-light and light-dark transitions of NADPH production/uptake and changes in chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics revealed species- and condition-specific responses. These responses indicate that the impact of decreased Calvin-Benson cycle activity on photosynthetic electron transport pathways involving several sections of the electron transport chain (such as electron transfer via the QA-QB-plastoquinone pool, the redox state of the plastoquinone pool) can be analyzed with high sensitivity in a comparative manner. Therefore, the integrated system presented here can be applied for screening for specific traits in several significant species at different stages of inorganic carbon limitation, a condition that strongly impacts primary productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Imre Vass
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Sandeesha Kodru
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
- Biology PhD School, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Milán Szabó
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
- Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
- * E-mail:
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Varela Villarreal J, Burgués C, Rösch C. Acceptability of genetically engineered algae biofuels in Europe: opinions of experts and stakeholders. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2020; 13:92. [PMID: 32489422 PMCID: PMC7245023 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-020-01730-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of alternative pathways for sustainable fuel production is a crucial task for politics, industry and research, since the current use of fossil fuels contributes to resource depletion and climate change. Microalgae are a promising option, but the technology readiness level (TRL) is low and cannot compete economically with fossil fuels. Novel genetic engineering technologies are being investigated to improve productivity and reduce the cost of harvesting products extracted from or excreted by microalgae for fuel production. However, high resource efficiency and low costs alone are no guarantee that algae fuels will find their way into the market. Technologies must be accepted by the public to become valuable for society. Despite strong efforts in algae research and development, as well as political commitments at different scales to promote algae biofuels for transport sectors, little is known about public acceptance of this alternative transport fuel. Despite the advantages of algae technology, genetically engineered (GE) microalgae can be controversial in Europe due to risk perception. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate, for the first time, the knowledge and views of European experts and stakeholders on the conditions and requirements for acceptability of GE microalgae for next generation biofuel production. RESULTS The results of the survey-based study indicate that the majority of the respondents believe that GE algae biofuels could provide strong benefits compared to other fuels. The majority would choose to be final consumers of engineered algae biofuels, if there is clear evidence of their benefits and open communication of potential risks. They believe that closed production systems with high security standards and rigorous risk assessment should be applied to avoid unintended impacts on humans and nature. Some respondents, however, are not convinced about the need to alter natural occurring algae strains to increase productivity, arguing that there is a huge unexplored variety, and that the consequences of using genome editing are still unknown. CONCLUSIONS This evaluation of the opinions held by European experts and stakeholders regarding GE algae biofuels provides valuable and differentiated insights, both for future research and for the development of feasible socio-technical algae systems for next generation biofuel production. The identified conditions and requirements for achieving public acceptability can support the (re-)design of this innovative technology and adaptation of the framework conditions towards the implementation of algae biofuels in Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Varela Villarreal
- Institute for Technology Assessment and Systems Analysis (ITAS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlstr.11, 76133 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Cecilia Burgués
- Institute for Technology Assessment and Systems Analysis (ITAS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlstr.11, 76133 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Christine Rösch
- Institute for Technology Assessment and Systems Analysis (ITAS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlstr.11, 76133 Karlsruhe, Germany
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