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Mrklas KJ, Boyd JM, Shergill S, Merali S, Khan M, Nowell L, Goertzen A, Pfadenhauer LM, Paul K, Sibley KM, Swain L, Vis-Dunbar M, Hill MD, Raffin-Bouchal S, Tonelli M, Graham ID. Tools for assessing health research partnership outcomes and impacts: a systematic review. Health Res Policy Syst 2023; 21:3. [PMID: 36604697 PMCID: PMC9817421 DOI: 10.1186/s12961-022-00937-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify and assess the globally available valid, reliable and acceptable tools for assessing health research partnership outcomes and impacts. METHODS We searched Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL Plus and PsycINFO from origin to 2 June 2021, without limits, using an a priori strategy and registered protocol. We screened citations independently and in duplicate, resolving discrepancies by consensus and retaining studies involving health research partnerships, the development, use and/or assessment of tools to evaluate partnership outcomes and impacts, and reporting empirical psychometric evidence. Study, tool, psychometric and pragmatic characteristics were abstracted using a hybrid approach, then synthesized using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. Study quality was assessed using the quality of survey studies in psychology (Q-SSP) checklist. RESULTS From 56 123 total citations, we screened 36 027 citations, assessed 2784 full-text papers, abstracted data from 48 studies and one companion report, and identified 58 tools. Most tools comprised surveys, questionnaires and scales. Studies used cross-sectional or mixed-method/embedded survey designs and employed quantitative and mixed methods. Both studies and tools were conceptually well grounded, focusing mainly on outcomes, then process, and less frequently on impact measurement. Multiple forms of empirical validity and reliability evidence was present for most tools; however, psychometric characteristics were inconsistently assessed and reported. We identified a subset of studies (22) and accompanying tools distinguished by their empirical psychometric, pragmatic and study quality characteristics. While our review demonstrated psychometric and pragmatic improvements over previous reviews, challenges related to health research partnership assessment and the nascency of partnership science persist. CONCLUSION This systematic review identified multiple tools demonstrating empirical psychometric evidence, pragmatic strength and moderate study quality. Increased attention to psychometric and pragmatic requirements in tool development, testing and reporting is key to advancing health research partnership assessment and partnership science. PROSPERO CRD42021137932.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. J. Mrklas
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3D10, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6 Canada
- Strategic Clinical Networks™, Provincial Clinical Excellence, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB Canada
| | - J. M. Boyd
- Knowledge Translation Program, St Michael’s Hospital, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - S. Shergill
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB Canada
| | - S. Merali
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB Canada
| | - M. Khan
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB Canada
| | - L. Nowell
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB Canada
| | - A. Goertzen
- Faculty of Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB Canada
| | - L. M. Pfadenhauer
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology–IBE, Ludwig-Maximilian Universität Munich, Munich, Germany
- Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Munich, Germany
| | - K. Paul
- University of Calgary Summer Studentships Program, Calgary, AB Canada
| | - K. M. Sibley
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB Canada
- George & Fay Yee Centre for Healthcare Innovation, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB Canada
| | - L. Swain
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3D10, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6 Canada
| | - M. Vis-Dunbar
- University of British Columbia - Okanagan, Kelowna, BC Canada
| | - M. D. Hill
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3D10, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6 Canada
- Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medicine and Radiology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB Canada
| | | | - M. Tonelli
- Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB Canada
- Office of the Vice-President (Research), University of Calgary, Calgary, AB Canada
| | - I. D. Graham
- Centre for Implementation Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health & School of Nursing, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON Canada
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Paul K, Gaikwad M, Choudhary P, Mohan N, Pai P, Patil SD, Pawar Y, Chawande A, Banerjee A, Nagle V, Chelliah M, Sapre A, Dasgupta S. Year-round sustainable biomass production potential of Nannochloris sp. in outdoor raceway pond enabled through strategic photobiological screening. Photosynth Res 2022; 154:303-328. [PMID: 36434418 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-022-00984-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae cultivation utilizes the energy of sunlight to reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) for producing renewable energy feedstock. The commercial success of the biological fixation of carbon in a consistent manner depends upon the availability of a robust microalgae strain. In the present work, we report the identification of a novel marine Nannochloris sp. through multiparametric photosynthetic evaluation. Detailed photobiological analysis of this strain has revealed a smaller functional antenna, faster relaxation kinetics of non-photochemical quenching, and a high photosynthetic rate with increasing light and temperatures. Furthermore, laboratory scale growth assessment demonstrated a broad range halotolerance of 10-70 parts per thousand (PPT) and high-temperature tolerance up to 45 °C. Such traits led to the translation of biomass productivity potential from the laboratory scale (0.2-3.0 L) to the outdoor 50,000 L raceway pond scale (500-m2) without any pond crashes. The current investigation revealed outdoor single-day peak areal biomass productivity of 43 g m-2 d-1 in summer with an annual (March 2019-February 2020) average productivity of 20 g m-2 d-1 in seawater. From a sustainability perspective, this is the first report of successful round-the-year (> 347 days) multi-season (summer, monsoon, and winter) outdoor cultivation of Nannochloris sp. in broad seawater salinity (1-57 PPT), wide temperature ranges (15-40 °C), and in fluctuating light conditions. Concurrently, outdoor cultivation of this strain demonstrated conducive fatty acid distribution, including increased unsaturated fatty acids in winter. This inherent characteristic might play a role in protecting photosynthesis machinery at low temperatures and in high light stress. Altogether, our marine Nannochloris sp. showed tremendous potential for commercial scale cultivation to produce biofuels, food ingredients, and a sustainable source for vegetarian protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenny Paul
- Synthetic Biology Research and Development Group, Reliance Industries Limited, Reliance Corporate Park, Ghansoli, Thane- Belapur Road, Navi Mumbai, 400701, India
| | - Mahadev Gaikwad
- Synthetic Biology Research and Development Group, Reliance Industries Limited, Reliance Corporate Park, Ghansoli, Thane- Belapur Road, Navi Mumbai, 400701, India
| | | | | | - Puja Pai
- Synthetic Biology Research and Development Group, Reliance Industries Limited, Reliance Corporate Park, Ghansoli, Thane- Belapur Road, Navi Mumbai, 400701, India
| | - Smita D Patil
- Synthetic Biology Research and Development Group, Reliance Industries Limited, Reliance Corporate Park, Ghansoli, Thane- Belapur Road, Navi Mumbai, 400701, India
| | - Yogesh Pawar
- Synthetic Biology Research and Development Group, Reliance Industries Limited, Reliance Corporate Park, Ghansoli, Thane- Belapur Road, Navi Mumbai, 400701, India
| | - Akshay Chawande
- Synthetic Biology Research and Development Group, Reliance Industries Limited, Reliance Corporate Park, Ghansoli, Thane- Belapur Road, Navi Mumbai, 400701, India
| | - Arun Banerjee
- Synthetic Biology Research and Development Group, Reliance Industries Limited, Reliance Corporate Park, Ghansoli, Thane- Belapur Road, Navi Mumbai, 400701, India.
| | - Vinod Nagle
- Synthetic Biology Research and Development Group, Reliance Industries Limited, Reliance Corporate Park, Ghansoli, Thane- Belapur Road, Navi Mumbai, 400701, India
| | | | - Ajit Sapre
- Synthetic Biology Research and Development Group, Reliance Industries Limited, Reliance Corporate Park, Ghansoli, Thane- Belapur Road, Navi Mumbai, 400701, India
| | - Santanu Dasgupta
- Synthetic Biology Research and Development Group, Reliance Industries Limited, Reliance Corporate Park, Ghansoli, Thane- Belapur Road, Navi Mumbai, 400701, India
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3
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Hollederer A, Paul K. Health promotion among unemployed people – meta-analytic evidence. Eur J Public Health 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckac131.316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
It is well known that unemployment impairs health. However, less is known about health promotion among unemployed people and healthy coping strategies to deal with unemployment.
Methods
A random-effect meta-analysis was applied to statistically integrate quantitative controlled intervention studies among unemployed people.
Results
The meta-analysis included 34 eligible primary studies with 36 independent intervention samples. For mental health, the average meta-analytic effect sizes for the comparison of intervention group and comparison group was significant and of small size after the intervention d = 0.25; 95% CI [0.10, 0.39], and at follow-up, d = 0.13; 95% CI [0.04, 0.22]. For health behavior (measured as physical activity), the effects were also significant after the intervention, d = 0.30; 95% CI [0.12, 0.47] (no data available at follow-up). Effects on self-assessed physical health status were very small and not significant. However, when health improvement was the only goal of the respective intervention (in contrast to studies with multiple goals, e.g., health improvement plus re-employment), the effect on physical health was significant, too, d = 0.15; 95% CI [0.04, 0.25]. Moderator tests showed that intervention effects on mental health were significantly stronger when cognitive-behavioral methods were used (p < .05), while the use other kinds of stress-management techniques (p < .05), of methods to increase social support (p < .05), or of relaxation techniques (p < .07) did not improve the effectiveness of the intervention.
Conclusions
The present meta-analyses provided evidence that, on average, interventions aiming at improving unemployed people’s health do indeed improve participants’ health.
Key messages
• The present meta-analysis confirms that it is possible to promote unemployed people’ health. The moderator effects for type of intervention that were found here might be helpful for health promotion.
• The inclusion of cognitive-behavioral methods, appears to be a successful approach for health-oriented interventions with unemployed people.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hollederer
- Faculty of Human Sciences, University Kassel , Kassel, Germany
| | - K Paul
- Faculty of Business, Economics and Law, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nü , Nuremberg, Germany
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4
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Paul K, Dorsch S, Naumann J, Hansmann T, Haberer T, Debus J, Klüter S. OC-0778 Towards MR-guided particle radiotherapy: Compatibility of an open MR scanner with an ion beamline. Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)02684-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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5
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Lindert J, Paul K, Lachman M, Ritz B, Seeman T. Discrimination impairs cognitive function in ageing men and women. Eur J Public Health 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckab164.794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
We sought to assess changes in episodic memory and executive functioning among men and women in the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) cohort study; and to delineate variations in episodic memory and executive functioning by gender; and to determine the impact of discrimination on longitudinal changes in episodic memory and executive functioning.
Methods
We used data from the MIDUS study - a national probability sample of non-institutionalized, English speaking respondents aged 25-74 living in the 48 contiguous states of the United States. The initial wave in our study (1995) included 4963 non-institutionalized adults aged 32 to 84 (M = 55, SD = 12.4). Dependent variables are episodic memory and executive functioning, assessed with the Brief Test for Cognition. The independent variables were discrimination (lifetime and daily discrimination) variables. Furthermore, we investigated baseline cognition score, race/ethnicity (White, Hispanic, other), education (some college or more vs high school of less), whether or not living with partner, income (per 100% above Federal Poverty Level), unemployed (vs employed), retired (vs employed), physical health (self-reported), vigorous physical activity, depression (continuous scale), anxiety (continuous scale). To assess cognition changes we estimated adjusted linear regression models.
Results
Cross-sectional, work discrimination was associated with cognition in men and women. Longitudinally, adjusting for baseline cognition score, race/ethnicity, education, living situation, income, (un)employed, (not)retired, physical health, vigorous physical activity, depression, and anxiety, we found an association of family strain with cognition changes in high-income men, and an association of daily discrimination with cognition changes in men (Beta 0.01, P-value: 0.001).
Conclusions
Reducing discrimination might be an important measure to support cognitive function in ageing populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lindert
- Department of Health and Social Work, University of Applied Sciences Emden/Leer, Emden/Leer, Germany
- Women`s Research Center, Brandeis University, Waltham, USA
| | - K Paul
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
| | - M Lachman
- The Heller School for Social Policy and Management, Brandeis University, Waltham, USA
| | - B Ritz
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
| | - T Seeman
- Division of Geriatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, USA
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Reding R, Chardot C, Paul K, Veyckemans F, Obbergh LV, Clety SCD, Detaille T, Clapuyt P, Saint-Martin C, Janssen M, Lerut J, Sokal E, Otte JB. Living-Related Liver Transplantation in Children at Saint-Luc University Clinics : A Seven Year Experience in 77 Recipients. Acta Chir Belg 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00015458.2001.12098576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Reding
- Pediatric Liver Transplant Program. Departments of Surgery, Saint-Luc University Clinics, Universite catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Chr. Chardot
- Pediatric Liver Transplant Program. Departments of Surgery, Saint-Luc University Clinics, Universite catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - K. Paul
- Pediatric Liver Transplant Program. Departments of Surgery, Saint-Luc University Clinics, Universite catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - F. Veyckemans
- Pediatric Liver Transplant Program. Departments of Anaesthesiology, Saint-Luc University Clinics, Universite catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - L. Van Obbergh
- Pediatric Liver Transplant Program. Departments of Anaesthesiology, Saint-Luc University Clinics, Universite catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - S. Clement De Clety
- Pediatric Liver Transplant Program. Departments of Intensive Care, Saint-Luc University Clinics, Universite catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Th. Detaille
- Pediatric Liver Transplant Program. Departments of Intensive Care, Saint-Luc University Clinics, Universite catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ph. Clapuyt
- Pediatric Liver Transplant Program. Departments of Radiology, Saint-Luc University Clinics, Universite catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Chr. Saint-Martin
- Pediatric Liver Transplant Program. Departments of Radiology, Saint-Luc University Clinics, Universite catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - M. Janssen
- Pediatric Liver Transplant Program. Departments of Surgery, Saint-Luc University Clinics, Universite catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - J. Lerut
- Pediatric Liver Transplant Program. Departments of Surgery, Saint-Luc University Clinics, Universite catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - E. Sokal
- Pediatric Liver Transplant Program. Departments of Pediatrics, Saint-Luc University Clinics, Universite catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - J.-B. Otte
- Pediatric Liver Transplant Program. Departments of Surgery, Saint-Luc University Clinics, Universite catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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7
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Nichols IS, Chiem E, Tahara Y, Anderson S, Trotter D, Whittaker D, Ghiani C, Colwell C, Paul K. 0426 Time Restricted Feeding Consolidates Sleep in the BACHD Mouse Model of Huntington’s Disease. Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Disturbances in the daily sleep-wake cycle are common in individuals with neurodegenerative disorders. Huntington’s disease (HD) is a genetic neurodegenerative disorder in which patients exhibit a variety of impairments that include, poor motor function, disrupted circadian rhythms, and sleep abnormalities such as difficulty initiating sleep at bedtime and more frequent nighttime arousals. In the BACHD mouse model time restricted feeding (TRF) has been successful at improving motor functions and circadian rhythms. The BACHD mouse model has a bacterial artificial chromosome that expresses the full-length human mutant huntingtin gene.
Methods
In order to determine the effects of TRF on sleep-wake architecture, EEG/EMG polysomnographic records were examined in mice between 3-4 months old bearing the BAC knock-in of a human genetic mutation of HD and WT litter mates, first during ad libitum (ad lib) feeding then during an 18 hour fasting protocol. TRF protocol consisted of 6 hours of food access limited between ZT15-ZT21 and 18 hours of fasting.
Results
A two-way ANOVA revealed that TRF significantly decreased the amount of total sleep (p=0.04) and NREM sleep (p=0.04) in the dark phase in both WT and BACHD mice. TRF did not significantly affect sleep in the light phase, however trends suggest that BACHD mice have more sleep in the light phase under TRF than ad lib.
Conclusion
This data suggests that TRF improves sleep by consolidating sleep to the light phase and wake to the dark phase. In conclusion, TRF may be a promising tool that can improve the negative effects of neurodegenerative diseases on sleep-wake processes.
Support
These experiments were supported by R01-NS078410 and UCLA start-up funds.
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Affiliation(s)
- I S Nichols
- University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - E Chiem
- University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Y Tahara
- University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - S Anderson
- University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - D Trotter
- Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD
| | - D Whittaker
- University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - C Ghiani
- University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - C Colwell
- University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - K Paul
- University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
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8
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Chiem E, Nichols I, Paul K. 0309 Stress Induced Nitric Oxide Synthase Activation in the Basal Forebrain is a Result of Sleep Loss. Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
The mechanisms underlying the reciprocal relationship between stress and sleep are unclear. Nitric oxide, a diffusible signaling molecule, plays an important role in physiological stress responses and sleep. The medial septum (MS) and vertical diagonal band (VDB) are sleep regulatory regions of the basal forebrain whose cells express nitric oxide synthase (NOS). In this study, we examined the effects of sleep loss and restraint stress on NOS activation in the MS and VDB.
Methods
Adult male and female C57BL/J6 mice were randomly assigned to a control, total sleep deprivation (TSD), or restraint stress group. TSD was performed for 6h using gentle handling, and restraint was performed for 6h by immobilizing the mice in a plastic restraint device. Both procedures began at light onset in a 12:12 light:dark cycle. Immediately following the procedures, mice were sacrificed, and NADPH-diaphorase (NADPH-d) was measured in the MS and VDB to determine NOS activity.
Results
A multivariate ANOVA revealed main effects of TSD and restraint stress on NADPH-d in the MS (F(2,13) = 7.0921, p = 0.011) and VDB (F(2,13)=6.416, p = 0.014) in females. A post hoc analysis showed a significant difference between control and TSD (p = 0.011 (MS), p = 0.014 (VDB)), and between control and restraint (p = 0.032 (MS), p = 0.048 (VDB)), but no significant difference between TSD and restraint. There is a sex difference in NADPH-d in these regions (p < 0.005) that reverses direction following TSD and restraint stress.
Conclusion
Our findings provide evidence that NOS activity in the basal forebrain may underlie sex differences in stress responses. Since there is no significant difference between the TSD and restraint stress, this suggests that the effect of restraint stress on NOS activation is a result of sleep loss, and not due to induction of a stress mechanism.
Support
This study was partly funded by R01-NS078410 and UCLA start-up funds.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Chiem
- University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - I Nichols
- University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - K Paul
- University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
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Davis D, Tewolde T, Akinnawo F, Alema-Mensah E, Paul K, Clark K. Non-dipping and sleep outcomes in african-american non-standard shift workers. Sleep Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2019.11.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Pesti R, Kontra L, Paul K, Vass I, Csorba T, Havelda Z, Várallyay É. Differential gene expression and physiological changes during acute or persistent plant virus interactions may contribute to viral symptom differences. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216618. [PMID: 31051010 PMCID: PMC6499435 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Viruses have different strategies for infecting their hosts. Fast and acute infections result in the development of severe symptoms and may cause the death of the plant. By contrast, in a persistent interaction, the virus can survive within its host for a long time, inducing only mild symptoms. In this study, we investigated the gene expression changes induced in CymRSV-, crTMV-, and TCV-infected Nicotiana benthamiana and in PVX- and TMV-U1-infected Solanum lycopersicum plants after the systemic spread of the virus by two different high-throughput methods: microarray hybridization or RNA sequencing. Using these techniques, we were able to clearly differentiate between acute and persistent infections. We validated the gene expression changes of selected genes by Northern blot hybridization or by qRT-PCR. We show that, in contrast to persistent infections, the drastic shut-off of housekeeping genes, downregulation of photosynthesis-related transcripts and induction of stress genes are specific outcomes with acute infections. We also show that these changes are not a consequence of host necrosis or the presence of a viral silencing suppressor. Thermal imaging data and chlorophyll fluorescence measurements correlated very well with the molecular changes. We believe that the molecular and physiological changes detected during acute infections mostly contribute to virus symptom development. The observed characteristic physiological changes associated with economically more dangerous acute infections could serve as a basis for the elaboration of remote monitoring systems suitable for detecting developing virus infections in crops. Moreover, as molecular and physiological changes are characteristics of different types of virus lifestyles, this knowledge can support risk assessments of recently described novel viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Réka Pesti
- Diagnostic Group, Department of Genomics, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, National Agricultural Research and Innovation Centre, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Levente Kontra
- Diagnostic Group, Department of Genomics, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, National Agricultural Research and Innovation Centre, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Kenny Paul
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Imre Vass
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Tibor Csorba
- Virology Group, Department of Plant Biotechnology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, National Agricultural Research and Innovation Centre, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Havelda
- Plant Developmental Biology Group, Department of Plant Biotechnology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, National Agricultural Research and Innovation Centre, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Éva Várallyay
- Diagnostic Group, Department of Genomics, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, National Agricultural Research and Innovation Centre, Gödöllő, Hungary
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Keller B, Vass I, Matsubara S, Paul K, Jedmowski C, Pieruschka R, Nedbal L, Rascher U, Muller O. Maximum fluorescence and electron transport kinetics determined by light-induced fluorescence transients (LIFT) for photosynthesis phenotyping. Photosynth Res 2019; 140:221-233. [PMID: 30357678 PMCID: PMC6548062 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-018-0594-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthetic phenotyping requires quick characterization of dynamic traits when measuring large plant numbers in a fluctuating environment. Here, we evaluated the light-induced fluorescence transient (LIFT) method for its capacity to yield rapidly fluorometric parameters from 0.6 m distance. The close approximation of LIFT to conventional chlorophyll fluorescence (ChlF) parameters is shown under controlled conditions in spinach leaves and isolated thylakoids when electron transport was impaired by anoxic conditions or chemical inhibitors. The ChlF rise from minimum fluorescence (Fo) to maximum fluorescence induced by fast repetition rate (Fm-FRR) flashes was dominated by reduction of the primary electron acceptor in photosystem II (QA). The subsequent reoxidation of QA- was quantified using the relaxation of ChlF in 0.65 ms (Fr1) and 120 ms (Fr2) phases. Reoxidation efficiency of QA- (Fr1/Fv, where Fv = Fm-FRR - Fo) decreased when electron transport was impaired, while quantum efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm) showed often no significant effect. ChlF relaxations of the LIFT were similar to an independent other method. Under increasing light intensities, Fr2'/Fq' (where Fr2' and Fq' represent Fr2 and Fv in the light-adapted state, respectively) was hardly affected, whereas the operating efficiency of photosystem II (Fq'/Fm') decreased due to non-photochemical quenching. Fm-FRR was significantly lower than the ChlF maximum induced by multiple turnover (Fm-MT) flashes. However, the resulting Fv/Fm and Fq'/Fm' from both flashes were highly correlated. The LIFT method complements Fv/Fm with information about efficiency of electron transport. Measurements in situ and from a distance facilitate application in high-throughput and automated phenotyping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beat Keller
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany.
- Molecular Plant Breeding, ETH Zürich, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Imre Vass
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Center, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Shizue Matsubara
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Kenny Paul
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Center, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Christoph Jedmowski
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Roland Pieruschka
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Ladislav Nedbal
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Uwe Rascher
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Onno Muller
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany
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Keller B, Vass I, Matsubara S, Paul K, Jedmowski C, Pieruschka R, Nedbal L, Rascher U, Muller O. Maximum fluorescence and electron transport kinetics determined by light-induced fluorescence transients (LIFT) for photosynthesis phenotyping. Photosynth Res 2019; 140:221-233. [PMID: 30357678 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-018-0594-599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthetic phenotyping requires quick characterization of dynamic traits when measuring large plant numbers in a fluctuating environment. Here, we evaluated the light-induced fluorescence transient (LIFT) method for its capacity to yield rapidly fluorometric parameters from 0.6 m distance. The close approximation of LIFT to conventional chlorophyll fluorescence (ChlF) parameters is shown under controlled conditions in spinach leaves and isolated thylakoids when electron transport was impaired by anoxic conditions or chemical inhibitors. The ChlF rise from minimum fluorescence (Fo) to maximum fluorescence induced by fast repetition rate (Fm-FRR) flashes was dominated by reduction of the primary electron acceptor in photosystem II (QA). The subsequent reoxidation of QA- was quantified using the relaxation of ChlF in 0.65 ms (Fr1) and 120 ms (Fr2) phases. Reoxidation efficiency of QA- (Fr1/Fv, where Fv = Fm-FRR - Fo) decreased when electron transport was impaired, while quantum efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm) showed often no significant effect. ChlF relaxations of the LIFT were similar to an independent other method. Under increasing light intensities, Fr2'/Fq' (where Fr2' and Fq' represent Fr2 and Fv in the light-adapted state, respectively) was hardly affected, whereas the operating efficiency of photosystem II (Fq'/Fm') decreased due to non-photochemical quenching. Fm-FRR was significantly lower than the ChlF maximum induced by multiple turnover (Fm-MT) flashes. However, the resulting Fv/Fm and Fq'/Fm' from both flashes were highly correlated. The LIFT method complements Fv/Fm with information about efficiency of electron transport. Measurements in situ and from a distance facilitate application in high-throughput and automated phenotyping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beat Keller
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany.
- Molecular Plant Breeding, ETH Zürich, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Imre Vass
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Center, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Shizue Matsubara
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Kenny Paul
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Center, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Christoph Jedmowski
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Roland Pieruschka
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Ladislav Nedbal
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Uwe Rascher
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Onno Muller
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany
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Paul K, Pauk J, Kondic-Spika A, Grausgruber H, Allahverdiyev T, Sass L, Vass I. Co-occurrence of Mild Salinity and Drought Synergistically Enhances Biomass and Grain Retardation in Wheat. Front Plant Sci 2019; 10:501. [PMID: 31114595 PMCID: PMC6503295 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
In the present study we analyzed the responses of wheat to mild salinity and drought with special emphasis on the so far unclarified interaction of these important stress factors by using high-throughput phenotyping approaches. Measurements were performed on 14 genotypes of different geographic origin (Austria, Azerbaijan, and Serbia). The data obtained by non-invasive digital RGB imaging of leaf/shoot area reflect well the differences in total biomass measured at the end of the cultivation period demonstrating that leaf/shoot imaging can be reliably used to predict biomass differences among different cultivars and stress conditions. On the other hand, the leaf/shoot area has only a limited potential to predict grain yield. Comparison of gas exchange parameters with biomass accumulation showed that suppression of CO2 fixation due to stomatal closure is the principal cause behind decreased biomass accumulation under drought, salt and drought plus salt stresses. Correlation between grain yield and dry biomass is tighter when salt- and drought stress occur simultaneously than in the well-watered control, or in the presence of only salinity or drought, showing that natural variation of biomass partitioning to grains is suppressed by severe stress conditions. Comparison of yield data show that higher biomass and grain yield can be expected under salt (and salt plus drought) stress from those cultivars which have high yield parameters when exposed to drought stress alone. However, relative yield tolerance under drought stress is not a good indicator of yield tolerance under salt (and salt plus drought) drought stress. Harvest index of the studied cultivars ranged between 0.38 and 0.57 under well watered conditions and decreased only to a small extent (0.37-0.55) even when total biomass was decreased by 90% under the combined salt plus drought stress. It is concluded that the co-occurrence of mild salinity and drought can induce large biomass and grain yield losses in wheat due to synergistic interaction of these important stress factors. We could also identify wheat cultivars, which show high yield parameters under the combined effects of salinity and drought demonstrating the potential of complex plant phenotyping in breeding for drought and salinity stress tolerance in crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenny Paul
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - János Pauk
- Department of Biotechnology, Cereal Research Non-Profit Ltd., Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - Heinrich Grausgruber
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tofig Allahverdiyev
- Research Institute of Crop Husbandry, Ministry of Agriculture of Azerbaijan Republic, Baku, Azerbaijan
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - László Sass
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Imre Vass
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
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14
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Paul K, Sorrentino M, Lucini L, Rouphael Y, Cardarelli M, Bonini P, Reynaud H, Canaguier R, Trtílek M, Panzarová K, Colla G. Understanding the Biostimulant Action of Vegetal-Derived Protein Hydrolysates by High-Throughput Plant Phenotyping and Metabolomics: A Case Study on Tomato. Front Plant Sci 2019; 10:47. [PMID: 30800134 PMCID: PMC6376207 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Designing and developing new biostimulants is a crucial process which requires an accurate testing of the product effects on the morpho-physiological traits of plants and a deep understanding of the mechanism of action of selected products. Product screening approaches using omics technologies have been found to be more efficient and cost effective in finding new biostimulant substances. A screening protocol based on the use of high-throughput phenotyping platform for screening new vegetal-derived protein hydrolysates (PHs) for biostimulant activity followed by a metabolomic analysis to elucidate the mechanism of the most active PHs has been applied on tomato crop. Eight PHs (A-G, I) derived from enzymatic hydrolysis of seed proteins of Leguminosae and Brassicaceae species were foliarly sprayed twice during the trial. A non-ionic surfactant Triton X-100 at 0.1% was also added to the solutions before spraying. A control treatment foliarly sprayed with distilled water containing 0.1% Triton X-100 was also included. Untreated and PH-treated tomato plants were monitored regularly using high-throughput non-invasive imaging technologies. The phenotyping approach we used is based on automated integrative analysis of photosynthetic performance, growth analysis, and color index analysis. The digital biomass of the plants sprayed with PH was generally increased. In particular, the relative growth rate and the growth performance were significantly improved by PHs A and I, respectively, compared to the untreated control plants. Kinetic chlorophyll fluorescence imaging did not allow to differentiate the photosynthetic performance of treated and untreated plants. Finally, MS-based untargeted metabolomics analysis was performed in order to characterize the functional mechanisms of selected PHs. The treatment modulated the multi-layer regulation process that involved the ethylene precursor and polyamines and affected the ROS-mediated signaling pathways. Although further investigation is needed to strengthen our findings, metabolomic data suggest that treated plants experienced a metabolic reprogramming following the application of the tested biostimulants. Nonetheless, our experimental data highlight the potential for combined use of high-throughput phenotyping and metabolomics to facilitate the screening of new substances with biostimulant properties and to provide a morpho-physiological and metabolomic gateway to the mechanisms underlying PHs action on plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenny Paul
- Photon Systems Instruments (PSI, spol.sr.o.), Drásov, Czechia
| | | | - Luigi Lucini
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Research Centre for Nutrigenomics and Proteomics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Youssef Rouphael
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Cardarelli
- Centro di Ricerca Orticoltura e Florovivaismo, Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l’Analisi dell’Economia Agraria, Pontecagnano Faiano, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Martin Trtílek
- Photon Systems Instruments (PSI, spol.sr.o.), Drásov, Czechia
| | - Klára Panzarová
- Photon Systems Instruments (PSI, spol.sr.o.), Drásov, Czechia
- *Correspondence: Klára Panzarová, Giuseppe Colla,
| | - Giuseppe Colla
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
- Arcadia Srl, Rivoli Veronese, Italy
- *Correspondence: Klára Panzarová, Giuseppe Colla,
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15
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Paul K, Sorrentino M, Lucini L, Rouphael Y, Cardarelli M, Bonini P, Miras Moreno MB, Reynaud H, Canaguier R, Trtílek M, Panzarová K, Colla G. A Combined Phenotypic and Metabolomic Approach for Elucidating the Biostimulant Action of a Plant-Derived Protein Hydrolysate on Tomato Grown Under Limited Water Availability. Front Plant Sci 2019; 10:493. [PMID: 31130970 PMCID: PMC6509618 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Plant-derived protein hydrolysates (PHs) are an important category of biostimulants able to increase plant growth and crop yield especially under environmental stress conditions. PHs can be applied as foliar spray or soil drench. Foliar spray is generally applied to achieve a relatively short-term response, whereas soil drench is used when a long-term effect is desired. The aim of the study was to elucidate the biostimulant action of PH application method (foliar spray or substrate drench) on morpho-physiological traits and metabolic profile of tomato grown under limited water availability. An untreated control was also included. A high-throughput image-based phenotyping (HTP) approach was used to non-destructively monitor the crop response under limited water availability (40% of container capacity) in a controlled environment. Moreover, metabolic profile of leaves was determined at the end of the trial. Dry biomass of shoots at the end of the trial was significantly correlated with number of green pixels (R 2 = 0.90) and projected shoot area, respectively. Both drench and foliar treatments had a positive impact on the digital biomass compared to control while the photosynthetic performance of the plants was slightly influenced by treatments. Overall drench application under limited water availability more positively influenced biomass accumulation and metabolic profile than foliar application. Significantly higher transpiration use efficiency was observed with PH-drench applications indicating better stomatal conductance. The mass-spectrometry based metabolomic analysis allowed the identification of distinct biochemical signatures in PH-treated plants. Metabolomic changes involved a wide and organized range of biochemical processes that included, among others, phytohormones (notably a decrease in cytokinins and an accumulation of salicylates) and lipids (including membrane lipids, sterols, and terpenes). From a general perspective, treated tomato plants exhibited an improved tolerance to reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated oxidative imbalance. Such capability to cope with oxidative stress might have resulted from a coordinated action of signaling compounds (salicylic acid and hydroxycinnamic amides), radical scavengers such as carotenoids and prenyl quinones, as well as a reduced biosynthesis of tetrapyrrole coproporphyrins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenny Paul
- Photon Systems Instruments, spol. s.r.o., Drásov, Czechia
| | | | - Luigi Lucini
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Research Centre for Nutrigenomics and Proteomics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Youssef Rouphael
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Cardarelli
- Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l’Analisi dell’Economia Agraria, Centro di Ricerca Orticoltura e Florovivaismo, Pontecagnano Faiano, Italy
| | | | - Maria Begoña Miras Moreno
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Research Centre for Nutrigenomics and Proteomics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | | | | | - Martin Trtílek
- Photon Systems Instruments, spol. s.r.o., Drásov, Czechia
| | - Klára Panzarová
- Photon Systems Instruments, spol. s.r.o., Drásov, Czechia
- *Correspondence: Klára Panzarová, Giuseppe Colla,
| | - Giuseppe Colla
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences, Tuscia University, Viterbo, Italy
- Arcadia Srl, Rivoli Veronese, Italy
- *Correspondence: Klára Panzarová, Giuseppe Colla,
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Nichols-Obande IS, Anderson S, Bush B, Gray C, Ehlen JC, Jones MI, Ananaba G, Okere CO, Brager A, Paul K. 0075 Nitrergic Neurons of the Dorsal Raphe Nucleus Encode Information About Stress Duration. Sleep 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsy061.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - S Anderson
- University of California- Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - B Bush
- Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - C Gray
- Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - J C Ehlen
- Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - M I Jones
- Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA
| | - G Ananaba
- Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA
| | - C O Okere
- Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA
| | - A Brager
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD
| | - K Paul
- University of California- Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
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17
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Paul K, Sengupta R. TRENDS AND PATTERNS OF SELF-REPORTED ELDERLY MORBIDITY IN KERALA: FUTURE PROBLEMS AND POLICY PROSPECTS. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.1627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K. Paul
- Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India,
| | - R. Sengupta
- Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi, Delhi, India
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18
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Eyre V, Lang CC, Smith K, Jolly K, Davis R, Hayward C, Wingham J, Abraham C, Green C, Warren FC, Britten N, Greaves CJ, Doherty P, Austin J, Van Lingen R, Singh S, Buckingham S, Paul K, Taylor RS, Dalal HM. Rehabilitation Enablement in Chronic Heart Failure-a facilitated self-care rehabilitation intervention in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (REACH-HFpEF) and their caregivers: rationale and protocol for a single-centre pilot randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2016; 6:e012853. [PMID: 27798024 PMCID: PMC5093626 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-012853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Rehabilitation EnAblement in CHronic Heart Failure in patients with Heart Failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction (REACH-HFpEF) pilot trial is part of a research programme designed to develop and evaluate a facilitated, home-based, self-help rehabilitation intervention to improve self-care and quality of life (QoL) in heart failure patients and their caregivers. We will assess the feasibility of a definitive trial of the REACH-HF intervention in patients with HFpEF and their caregivers. The impact of the REACH-HF intervention on echocardiographic outcomes and bloodborne biomarkers will also be assessed. METHODS AND ANALYSIS A single-centre parallel two-group randomised controlled trial (RCT) with 1:1 individual allocation to the REACH-HF intervention plus usual care (intervention) or usual care alone (control) in 50 HFpEF patients and their caregivers. The REACH-HF intervention comprises a REACH-HF manual with supplementary tools, delivered by trained facilitators over 12 weeks. A mixed methods approach will be used to assess estimation of recruitment and retention rates; fidelity of REACH-HF manual delivery; identification of barriers to participation and adherence to the intervention and study protocol; feasibility of data collection and outcome burden. We will assess the variance in study outcomes to inform a definitive study sample size and assess methods for the collection of resource use and intervention delivery cost data to develop the cost-effectiveness analyses framework for any future trial. Patient outcomes collected at baseline, 4 and 6 months include QoL, psychological well-being, exercise capacity, physical activity and HF-related hospitalisation. Caregiver outcomes will also be assessed, and a substudy will evaluate impact of the REACH-HF manual on resting global cardiovascular function and bloodborne biomarkers in HFpEF patients. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study is approved by the East of Scotland Research Ethics Service (Ref: 15/ES/0036). Findings will be disseminated via journals and presentations to clinicians, commissioners and service users. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ISRCTN78539530; Pre-results .
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Affiliation(s)
- V Eyre
- Peninsula Clinical Trials Unit, Plymouth University, Plymouth, UK
| | - C C Lang
- School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK
| | - K Smith
- School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK
- School of Nursing & Midwifery, Dundee University, Dundee, UK
| | - K Jolly
- Institute for Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - R Davis
- Cardiology Department, Sandwell & West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - C Hayward
- Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - J Wingham
- Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
- Research, Development & Innovation, Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, Truro, UK
| | - C Abraham
- Psychology Applied to Health Group, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - C Green
- Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - F C Warren
- Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - N Britten
- Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - C J Greaves
- Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - P Doherty
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - J Austin
- Heart Failure Services and Cardiac Rehabilitation, Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, Nevill Hall Hospital, Abergavenny, UK
| | - R Van Lingen
- Cardiology Department, Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, Truro, UK
| | - S Singh
- Centre for Exercise and Rehabilitation Science, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - S Buckingham
- Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - K Paul
- REACH-HF Patient and Public Involvement Group, c/o Research, Development & Innovation, Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, Truro, UK
| | - R S Taylor
- Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - H M Dalal
- Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
- Research, Development & Innovation, Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, Truro, UK
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19
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Hős C, Champneys A, Paul K, McNeely M. Dynamic behaviour of direct spring loaded pressure relief valves: III valves in liquid service. J Loss Prev Process Ind 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jlp.2016.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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Paul K, Franke S, Nadal J, Schmid M, Yilmaz A, Kretzschmar D, Bärthlein B, Titze S, Koettgen A, Wolf G, Busch M. Inflammation, vitamin D and dendritic cell precursors in chronic kidney disease. Clin Exp Immunol 2016; 186:86-95. [PMID: 27414487 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Decreased blood dendritic cell precursors (DCP) count is linked with atherosclerotic disease, while reduction of circulating DCP is also seen in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). As poor vitamin D status could be linked to a compromised innate immune response, we hypothesized that vitamin D status might be involved in the decrease in circulating DCP in CKD. Moreover, the potential role of inflammation was considered. Circulating myeloid (mDCP), plasmacytoid (pDCP) and total DCP (tDCP) were analysed using flow cytometry in 287 patients with CKD stage 3. Serum 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α using cytometric bead array, C-reactive protein (CRP) using a high-sensitivity (hs) ELISA. Contrary to our hypothesis, there was no association between vitamin D levels and DCP, although their number was decreased significantly in CKD (P < 0·001). Instead, mDCP (r = -0·211) and tDCP (r = -0·188,) were associated slightly negatively with hsCRP but positively with the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR, r = 0·314 for tDCP). According to multivariate linear regression, only higher hsCRP concentration and the presence of diabetes mellitus had a significant negative influence on DCP count (P < 0·03, respectively) but not vitamin D, age and eGFR. A significant impact of vitamin D on the reduction of circulating DCP in CKD 3 patients can be neglected. Instead, inflammation as a common phenomenon in CKD and diabetes mellitus had the main influence on the decrease in DCP. Thus, a potential role for DCP as a sensitive marker of inflammation and cardiovascular risk should be elucidated in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Paul
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - S Franke
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - J Nadal
- Institute of Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology at Rhenish Friedrich-Wilhelm University, Bonn, Germany
| | - M Schmid
- Institute of Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology at Rhenish Friedrich-Wilhelm University, Bonn, Germany
| | - A Yilmaz
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Elisabeth Klinikum Schmalkalden GmbH, Schmalkalden, Germany
| | - D Kretzschmar
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - B Bärthlein
- Chair of Medical Informatics, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - S Titze
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - A Koettgen
- Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - G Wolf
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - M Busch
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller University, Jena, Germany
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21
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Latimer M, Rudderham S, Harman K, Finley A, Dutcher L, Hutt-Macleod D, Paul K. Using Art as a Medium for First Nations Youth to Express Their Pain: A Two-Eyed Seeing Qualitative Study. Paediatr Child Health 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/pch/21.supp5.e94a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND: First Nations (FN) youth in Canada have the highest rates of pain-related conditions (ear, dental, headaches) yet may be least likely to be treated for them. Untreated pain has an arresting impact on growth and development and is detrimental to the achievement of life goals. In recent research conducted by the Aboriginal Children’s Hurt & Healing Initiative (ACHH), community participants reported that First Nation children are stoic and are reluctant to talk about their pain (Latimer & Rudderham, 2013). Clinicians are trained to assess pain based on overt signs of expression (cry, facial grimace, ability to describe) however if you do not present your pain this way it may reduce the chance of proper assessment and treatment.
OBJECTIVES: Using a Two-Eyed Seeing qualitative perspective (best of Indigenous and Western knowledge) the purpose of this research was to provide FN youth with the method of art making to determine how they express their pain.
DESIGN/METHODS: Youth from four FN communities, in three Maritime Provinces were invited to participate in art workshops facilitated by internationally renowned Mi’kmaq artist Alan Syliboy. The workshop began with a conversation circle about pain experiences and then proceeded to the art making. A FN documentary cinematographer captured the workshops and the results are documented in art and film. Three team members independently themed the data using thematic analysis and the inter-rater reliability was >85%.
RESULTS: 39 youth aged 10-18 years participated in 4 community-based conversation and art sessions. The themes for the sessions were themed using the four dimensions of the Medicine Wheel. While the overwhelming theme discussed in the conversation sessions was physical pain, when provided the nonverbal, art mode of expression, the youth painted emotional pain more frequently than physical, spiritual and mental pain. There was overlap between the four themes but 70% of the artwork prominently illustrated emotional pain with 54% overlapping with physical, 30% mental and 31% spiritual.
CONCLUSION: These results present a more complicated issue regarding the integration of the different types of pain, intertwined together. The finding that when asked-youth primarily discussed physical pain but given the opportunity, more frequently painted emotional pain may shed new light on the degree to which emotional pain is a factor for these youth. The artwork and accompanying narratives are powerful and have implications for understanding the complexity of assessing the different dimensions of pain in a culturally meaningful manner and for clinician education purposes. A sample of the artwork is attached.
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Kang S, Paul K, Hankosky ER, Cox CL, Gulley JM. D1 receptor-mediated inhibition of medial prefrontal cortex neurons is disrupted in adult rats exposed to amphetamine in adolescence. Neuroscience 2016; 324:40-9. [PMID: 26946269 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.02.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Amphetamine (AMPH) exposure leads to changes in behavior and dopamine receptor function in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Since dopamine plays an important role in regulating GABAergic transmission in the PFC, we investigated if AMPH exposure induces long-lasting changes in dopamine's ability to modulate inhibitory transmission in the PFC as well as whether the effects of AMPH differed depending on the age of exposure. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were given saline or 3 mg/kg AMPH (i.p.) repeatedly during adolescence or adulthood and following a withdrawal period of up to 5 weeks (Experiment 1) or up to 14 weeks (Experiment 2), they were sacrificed for in vitro whole-cell recordings in layer V/VI of the medial PFC. We found that in brain slices from either adolescent- or adult-exposed rats, there was an attenuation of dopamine-induced increases in inhibitory synaptic currents in pyramidal cells. These effects did not depend on age of exposure, were mediated at least partially by a reduced sensitivity of D1 receptors in AMPH-treated rats, and were associated with an enhanced behavioral response to the drug in a separate group of rats given an AMPH challenge following the longest withdrawal period. Together, these data reveal a prolonged effect of AMPH exposure on medial PFC function that persisted for up to 14 weeks in adolescent-exposed animals. These long-lasting neurophysiological changes may be a contributing mechanism to the behavioral consequences that have been observed in those with a history of amphetamine abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kang
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA
| | - K Paul
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA; Beckman Institute for Advanced Science, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA
| | - E R Hankosky
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA
| | - C L Cox
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA; Beckman Institute for Advanced Science, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA.
| | - J M Gulley
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA; Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA.
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Dudits D, Török K, Cseri A, Paul K, Nagy AV, Nagy B, Sass L, Ferenc G, Vankova R, Dobrev P, Vass I, Ayaydin F. Response of Organ Structure and Physiology to Autotetraploidization in Early Development of Energy Willow Salix viminalis. Plant Physiol 2016; 170:1504-23. [PMID: 26729798 PMCID: PMC4775130 DOI: 10.1104/pp.15.01679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The biomass productivity of the energy willow Salix viminalis as a short-rotation woody crop depends on organ structure and functions that are under the control of genome size. Colchicine treatment of axillary buds resulted in a set of autotetraploid S. viminalis var. Energo genotypes (polyploid Energo [PP-E]; 2n = 4x = 76) with variation in the green pixel-based shoot surface area. In cases where increased shoot biomass was observed, it was primarily derived from larger leaf size and wider stem diameter. Autotetraploidy slowed primary growth and increased shoot diameter (a parameter of secondary growth). The duplicated genome size enlarged bark and wood layers in twigs sampled in the field. The PP-E plants developed wider leaves with thicker midrib and enlarged palisade parenchyma cells. Autotetraploid leaves contained significantly increased amounts of active gibberellins, cytokinins, salicylic acid, and jasmonate compared with diploid individuals. Greater net photosynthetic CO2 uptake was detected in leaves of PP-E plants with increased chlorophyll and carotenoid contents. Improved photosynthetic functions in tetraploids were also shown by more efficient electron transport rates of photosystems I and II. Autotetraploidization increased the biomass of the root system of PP-E plants relative to diploids. Sections of tetraploid roots showed thickening with enlarged cortex cells. Elevated amounts of indole acetic acid, active cytokinins, active gibberellin, and salicylic acid were detected in the root tips of these plants. The presented variation in traits of tetraploid willow genotypes provides a basis to use autopolyploidization as a chromosome engineering technique to alter the organ development of energy plants in order to improve biomass productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dénes Dudits
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 6726 Szeged, Hungary (D.D., K.T., A.C., K.P., A.V.N., B.N., L.S., G.F., I.V., F.A.); andInstitute of Experimental Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic (R.V., P.D.)
| | - Katalin Török
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 6726 Szeged, Hungary (D.D., K.T., A.C., K.P., A.V.N., B.N., L.S., G.F., I.V., F.A.); andInstitute of Experimental Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic (R.V., P.D.)
| | - András Cseri
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 6726 Szeged, Hungary (D.D., K.T., A.C., K.P., A.V.N., B.N., L.S., G.F., I.V., F.A.); andInstitute of Experimental Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic (R.V., P.D.)
| | - Kenny Paul
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 6726 Szeged, Hungary (D.D., K.T., A.C., K.P., A.V.N., B.N., L.S., G.F., I.V., F.A.); andInstitute of Experimental Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic (R.V., P.D.)
| | - Anna V Nagy
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 6726 Szeged, Hungary (D.D., K.T., A.C., K.P., A.V.N., B.N., L.S., G.F., I.V., F.A.); andInstitute of Experimental Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic (R.V., P.D.)
| | - Bettina Nagy
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 6726 Szeged, Hungary (D.D., K.T., A.C., K.P., A.V.N., B.N., L.S., G.F., I.V., F.A.); andInstitute of Experimental Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic (R.V., P.D.)
| | - László Sass
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 6726 Szeged, Hungary (D.D., K.T., A.C., K.P., A.V.N., B.N., L.S., G.F., I.V., F.A.); andInstitute of Experimental Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic (R.V., P.D.)
| | - Györgyi Ferenc
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 6726 Szeged, Hungary (D.D., K.T., A.C., K.P., A.V.N., B.N., L.S., G.F., I.V., F.A.); andInstitute of Experimental Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic (R.V., P.D.)
| | - Radomira Vankova
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 6726 Szeged, Hungary (D.D., K.T., A.C., K.P., A.V.N., B.N., L.S., G.F., I.V., F.A.); andInstitute of Experimental Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic (R.V., P.D.)
| | - Petre Dobrev
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 6726 Szeged, Hungary (D.D., K.T., A.C., K.P., A.V.N., B.N., L.S., G.F., I.V., F.A.); andInstitute of Experimental Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic (R.V., P.D.)
| | - Imre Vass
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 6726 Szeged, Hungary (D.D., K.T., A.C., K.P., A.V.N., B.N., L.S., G.F., I.V., F.A.); andInstitute of Experimental Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic (R.V., P.D.)
| | - Ferhan Ayaydin
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 6726 Szeged, Hungary (D.D., K.T., A.C., K.P., A.V.N., B.N., L.S., G.F., I.V., F.A.); andInstitute of Experimental Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic (R.V., P.D.)
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Paul K, Pauk J, Deák Z, Sass L, Vass I. Contrasting response of biomass and grain yield to severe drought in Cappelle Desprez and Plainsman V wheat cultivars. PeerJ 2016; 4:e1708. [PMID: 27047703 PMCID: PMC4815492 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.1708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a case study of natural variations and correlations of some photosynthetic parameters, green biomass and grain yield in Cappelle Desprez and Plainsman V winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars, which are classified as being drought sensitive and tolerant, respectively. We monitored biomass accumulation from secondary leaves in the vegetative phase and grain yield from flag leaves in the grain filling period. Interestingly, we observed higher biomass production, but lower grain yield stability in the sensitive Cappelle cultivar, as compared to the tolerant Plainsman cv. Higher biomass production in the sensitive variety was correlated with enhanced water-use efficiency. Increased cyclic electron flow around PSI was also observed in the Cappelle cv. under drought stress as shown by light intensity dependence of the ratio of maximal quantum yields of Photosystem I and Photosystem II, as well by the plot of the Photosystem I electron transport rate as a function of Photosystem II electron transport rate. Higher CO2 uptake rate in flag leaves of the drought-stressed Plainsman cv. during grain filling period correlates well with its higher grain yield and prolonged transpiration rate through spikes. The increase in drought factor (DFI) and performance (PI) indices calculated from variable chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of secondary leaves also showed correlation with higher biomass in the Cappelle cultivar during the biomass accumulation period. However, during the grain filling period, DFI and PI parameters of the flag leaves were higher in the tolerant Plainsman V cultivar and showed correlation with grain yield stability. Our results suggest that overall biomass and grain yield may respond differentially to drought stress in different wheat cultivars and therefore phenotyping for green biomass cannot be used as a general approach to predict grain yield. We also conclude that photosynthetic efficiency of flag and secondary leaves is correlated with grain yield and green biomass, respectively. In addition, secondary trait associated mechanisms like delayed senescence and higher water-use efficiency also contribute to biomass stability. Our studies further prove that photosynthetic parameters could be used to characterize environmental stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenny Paul
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre , Szeged , Hungary
| | - János Pauk
- Deparment of Biotechnology, Cereal Research Nonprofit Company , Szeged , Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Deák
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre , Szeged , Hungary
| | - László Sass
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre , Szeged , Hungary
| | - Imre Vass
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre , Szeged , Hungary
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Taylor RS, Hayward C, Eyre V, Austin J, Davies R, Doherty P, Jolly K, Wingham J, Van Lingen R, Abraham C, Green C, Warren FC, Britten N, Greaves CJ, Singh S, Buckingham S, Paul K, Dalal H. Clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the Rehabilitation Enablement in Chronic Heart Failure (REACH-HF) facilitated self-care rehabilitation intervention in heart failure patients and caregivers: rationale and protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2015; 5:e009994. [PMID: 26700291 PMCID: PMC4691763 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Revised: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Rehabilitation EnAblement in CHronic Heart Failure (REACH-HF) trial is part of a research programme designed to develop and evaluate a health professional facilitated, home-based, self-help rehabilitation intervention to improve self-care and health-related quality of life in people with heart failure and their caregivers. The trial will assess the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the REACH-HF intervention in patients with systolic heart failure and impact on the outcomes of their caregivers. METHODS AND ANALYSIS A parallel two group randomised controlled trial with 1:1 individual allocation to the REACH-HF intervention plus usual care (intervention group) or usual care alone (control group) in 216 patients with systolic heart failure (ejection fraction <45%) and their caregivers. The intervention comprises a self-help manual delivered by specially trained facilitators over a 12-week period. The primary outcome measure is patients' disease-specific health-related quality of life measured using the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure questionnaire at 12 months' follow-up. Secondary outcomes include survival and heart failure related hospitalisation, blood biomarkers, psychological well-being, exercise capacity, physical activity, other measures of quality of life, patient safety and the quality of life, psychological well-being and perceived burden of caregivers at 4, 6 and 12 months' follow-up. A process evaluation will assess fidelity of intervention delivery and explore potential mediators and moderators of changes in health-related quality of life in intervention and control group patients. Qualitative studies will describe patient and caregiver experiences of the intervention. An economic evaluation will estimate the cost-effectiveness of the REACH-HF intervention plus usual care versus usual care alone in patients with systolic heart failure. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study is approved by the North West-Lancaster Research Ethics Committee (ref 14/NW/1351). Findings will be disseminated via journals and presentations to publicise the research to clinicians, commissioners and service users. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ISRCTN86234930; Pre-results.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Taylor
- Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - C Hayward
- Peninsula Clinical Trials Unit, Plymouth University, Plymouth, Devon, UK
| | - V Eyre
- Peninsula Clinical Trials Unit, Plymouth University, Plymouth, Devon, UK
| | - J Austin
- Heart Failure Services and Cardiac Rehabilitation, Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, Nevill Hall Hospital, Abergavenny, UK
| | - R Davies
- Cardiology Department, Sandwell & West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - P Doherty
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - K Jolly
- Institute for Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - J Wingham
- Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK Department of Research, Development & Innovation, Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, Truro, UK
| | - R Van Lingen
- Cardiology Department, Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, Truro, UK
| | - C Abraham
- Psychology Applied to Health Group, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - C Green
- Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - F C Warren
- Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - N Britten
- Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - C J Greaves
- Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - S Singh
- Centre for Exercise and Rehabilitation Science, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - S Buckingham
- Department of Research, Development & Innovation, Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, Truro, UK
| | - K Paul
- REACH-HF Patient and Public Involvement Group, c/o Research, Development & Innovation, Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, Truro, UK
| | - H Dalal
- Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK Department of Research, Development & Innovation, Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, Truro, UK
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Lindner T, Langner S, Paul K, Pohlmann A, Hadlich S, Niendorf T, Jünemann A, Guthoff RF, Stachs O. [Diffusion Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging and its Application in Ophthalmology]. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2015; 232:1386-91. [PMID: 26678901 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-109021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The value of diffusion-weighted magnet resonance imaging (DWI-MRI) has been demonstrated for an ever growing range of clinical indications. DWI is sensitive to the diffusion of water molecules and probes their random displacement within tissue. DWI provides both qualitative and quantitative information on tissue characteristics, e.g. tissue cellularity. This review provides an overview of diffusion-weighted imaging and its emerging applications in ophthalmology. The basic physics and technical foundations of DWI are introduced. The emerging applications of DWI are surveyed, particularly in diseases of the eye, orbit and optical nerve.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Lindner
- Core Facility Multimodale Kleintierbildgebung, Universitätsmedizin Rostock
| | - S Langner
- Institut für Diagnostische Radiologie und Neuroradiologie, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald
| | - K Paul
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B. U. F. F.), Max-Delbrück-Zentrum für Molekulare Medizin in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft, Berlin
| | - A Pohlmann
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B. U. F. F.), Max-Delbrück-Zentrum für Molekulare Medizin in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft, Berlin
| | - S Hadlich
- Institut für Diagnostische Radiologie und Neuroradiologie, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald
| | - T Niendorf
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B. U. F. F.), Max-Delbrück-Zentrum für Molekulare Medizin in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft, Berlin
| | - A Jünemann
- Universitätsaugenklinik, Universitätsmedizin Rostock
| | - R F Guthoff
- Universitätsaugenklinik, Universitätsmedizin Rostock
| | - O Stachs
- Universitätsaugenklinik, Universitätsmedizin Rostock
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Szalonek M, Sierpien B, Rymaszewski W, Gieczewska K, Garstka M, Lichocka M, Sass L, Paul K, Vass I, Vankova R, Dobrev P, Szczesny P, Marczewski W, Krusiewicz D, Strzelczyk-Zyta D, Hennig J, Konopka-Postupolska D. Potato Annexin STANN1 Promotes Drought Tolerance and Mitigates Light Stress in Transgenic Solanum tuberosum L. Plants. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0132683. [PMID: 26172952 PMCID: PMC4501783 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Annexins are a family of calcium- and membrane-binding proteins that are important for plant tolerance to adverse environmental conditions. Annexins function to counteract oxidative stress, maintain cell redox homeostasis, and enhance drought tolerance. In the present study, an endogenous annexin, STANN1, was overexpressed to determine whether crop yields could be improved in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) during drought. Nine potential potato annexins were identified and their expression characterized in response to drought treatment. STANN1 mRNA was constitutively expressed at a high level and drought treatment strongly increased transcription levels. Therefore, STANN1 was selected for overexpression analysis. Under drought conditions, transgenic potato plants ectopically expressing STANN1 were more tolerant to water deficit in the root zone, preserved more water in green tissues, maintained chloroplast functions, and had higher accumulation of chlorophyll b and xanthophylls (especially zeaxanthin) than wild type (WT). Drought-induced reductions in the maximum efficiency and the electron transport rate of photosystem II (PSII), as well as the quantum yield of photosynthesis, were less pronounced in transgenic plants overexpressing STANN1 than in the WT. This conferred more efficient non-photochemical energy dissipation in the outer antennae of PSII and probably more efficient protection of reaction centers against photooxidative damage in transgenic plants under drought conditions. Consequently, these plants were able to maintain effective photosynthesis during drought, which resulted in greater productivity than WT plants despite water scarcity. Although the mechanisms underlying this stress protection are not yet clear, annexin-mediated photoprotection is probably linked to protection against light-induced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Szalonek
- Plant Pathogenesis Lab, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Barbara Sierpien
- Plant Pathogenesis Lab, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Rymaszewski
- Plant Pathogenesis Lab, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Maciej Garstka
- Department of Metabolic Regulation, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Lichocka
- Plant Pathogenesis Lab, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Laszlo Sass
- Laboratory of Molecular Stress and Photobiology, Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Kenny Paul
- Laboratory of Molecular Stress and Photobiology, Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Imre Vass
- Laboratory of Molecular Stress and Photobiology, Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Radomira Vankova
- Laboratory of Hormonal Regulations in Plants, Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR, Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Dobrev
- Laboratory of Hormonal Regulations in Plants, Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR, Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Pawel Szczesny
- Plant Pathogenesis Lab, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Waldemar Marczewski
- Department of Potato Genetics and Parental Lines, Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute—National Research Institute, Mlochow, Poland
| | - Dominika Krusiewicz
- Department of Potato Genetics and Parental Lines, Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute—National Research Institute, Mlochow, Poland
| | - Danuta Strzelczyk-Zyta
- Department of Potato Genetics and Parental Lines, Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute—National Research Institute, Mlochow, Poland
| | - Jacek Hennig
- Plant Pathogenesis Lab, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dorota Konopka-Postupolska
- Plant Pathogenesis Lab, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw, Poland
- * E-mail:
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Niendorf T, Paul K, Graessl A, Els A, Pohlmann A, Rieger J, Lindner T, Krueger PC, Hadlich S, Langner S, Stachs O. Ophthalmologische Bildgebung mit Ultrahochfeld-Magnetresonanztomografie: technische Innovationen und wegweisende Anwendungen. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2014; 231:1187-95. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1383365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Niendorf
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B. U. F. F.), Max-Delbrück-Zentrum für Molekulare Medizin, Berlin
| | - K. Paul
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B. U. F. F.), Max-Delbrück-Zentrum für Molekulare Medizin, Berlin
| | - A. Graessl
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B. U. F. F.), Max-Delbrück-Zentrum für Molekulare Medizin, Berlin
| | - A. Els
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B. U. F. F.), Max-Delbrück-Zentrum für Molekulare Medizin, Berlin
| | - A. Pohlmann
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B. U. F. F.), Max-Delbrück-Zentrum für Molekulare Medizin, Berlin
| | - J. Rieger
- R&D Abteilung, MRI.TOOLS GmbH, Berlin
| | - T. Lindner
- Augenklinik und Poliklinik bzw. AG Präklinische Bildgebung, Universitätsmedizin Rostock
| | - P.-C. Krueger
- Institut für Diagnostische Radiologie und Neuroradiologie, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald
| | - S. Hadlich
- Institut für Diagnostische Radiologie und Neuroradiologie, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald
| | - S. Langner
- Institut für Diagnostische Radiologie und Neuroradiologie, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald
| | - O. Stachs
- Augenklinik und Poliklinik bzw. AG Präklinische Bildgebung, Universitätsmedizin Rostock
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Jing J, Kielstein JT, Schultheiss UT, Sitter T, Titze SI, Schaeffner ES, McAdams-DeMarco M, Kronenberg F, Eckardt KU, Kottgen A, for the GCKD Study Investigators, Eckardt KU, Titze S, Prokosch HU, Barthlein B, Reis A, Ekici AB, Gefeller O, Hilgers KF, Hubner S, Avendano S, Becker-Grosspitsch D, Hauck N, Seuchter SA, Hausknecht B, Rittmeier M, Weigel A, Beck A, Ganslandt T, Knispel S, Dressel T, Malzer M, Floege J, Eitner F, Schlieper G, Findeisen K, Arweiler E, Ernst S, Unger M, Lipski S, Schaeffner E, Baid-Agrawal S, Petzold K, Schindler R, Kottgen A, Schultheiss U, Meder S, Mitsch E, Reinhard U, Walz G, Haller H, Lorenzen J, Kielstein JT, Otto P, Sommerer C, Follinger C, Zeier M, Wolf G, Busch M, Paul K, Dittrich L, Sitter T, Hilge R, Blank C, Wanner C, Krane V, Schmiedeke D, Toncar S, Cavitt D, Schonowsky K, Borner-Klein A, Kronenberg F, Raschenberger J, Kollerits B, Forer L, Schonherr S, Weissensteiner H, Oefner P, Gronwald W, Zacharias H, Schmid M. Prevalence and correlates of gout in a large cohort of patients with chronic kidney disease: the German Chronic Kidney Disease (GCKD) study. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2014; 30:613-21. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfu352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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Hős C, Champneys A, Paul K, McNeely M. Dynamic behavior of direct spring loaded pressure relief valves in gas service: Model development, measurements and instability mechanisms. J Loss Prev Process Ind 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jlp.2014.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Herrmann G, Hellwig D, Heuer HE, Heyder S, Köster H, Kröger K, Paul K, Mellies U, Schmitt A, Wagenseil D, Riethmueller J. 91 Sequential inhalative tobramycin–colistin-combination stabilizes patients with chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonization. J Cyst Fibros 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(13)60233-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Freihorst J, Paul K, Griese M. Seltene Lungenerkrankungen. Pädiatrische Pneumologie 2013. [PMCID: PMC7123953 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-34827-3_31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Zima M, Tichavský P, Paul K, Krajča V. Robust removal of short-duration artifacts in long neonatal EEG recordings using wavelet-enhanced ICA and adaptive combining of tentative reconstructions. Physiol Meas 2012; 33:N39-49. [DOI: 10.1088/0967-3334/33/8/n39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Gerla V, Radisavljevic Djordjevic V, Lhotska L, Krajca V, Paul K. 21. Analysis of newborn EEG recorded at 40th week of postconceptional age. Clin Neurophysiol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2011.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Thakur SK, Roy SK, Paul K, Khanam M, Khatun W, Sarker D. Effect of nutrition education on exclusive breastfeeding for nutritional outcome of low birth weight babies. Eur J Clin Nutr 2011; 66:376-81. [PMID: 22085870 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2011.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Low birth weight (LBW), defined as the body weight at birth of less than 2500 g, is a major public health problem in Bangladesh, where 37% of the babies are born with LBW. The objective of this study is to see the impact of nutrition education on growth of LBW babies with early initiation and exclusive breastfeeding compared to control group. SUBJECTS/METHODS A total of 184 LBW babies and their mothers who attended the Maternal Care and Health Training Institute and Dhaka Medical College Hospital were randomly allocated to either intervention or control group. Enrollment of the study population started in May 2008 and was completed in October 2008. Nutrition education was given to mothers twice weekly for 2 months, on initiation of breastfeeding within 1 h, exclusive breastfeeding and increasing their dietary intake. Nutritional status of LBW babies was assessed for length and weight every 2 weeks. Data were analyzed using SPSS/Window's version 12. Comparison of mean of data was done using standard Student's t-test. RESULTS Mean initial body weight and length of LBW babies were similar in both groups (2261±198 g vs 2241±244 g, P=0.535 and 43.0±1.3 cm vs 43.0±1.7 cm, P=0.77). Body weight and length of the LBW babies after 2 months increased significantly (3620±229 g vs 3315±301 g, P<0.001 and 50.2±1.3 cm vs 48.7±1.6 cm, P<0.001). It was found that the intervention group suffered less from respiratory illness compared with the control group (39% vs 66%, P<0.001). The rate of early initiation of breastfeeding was also significantly higher with nutrition intervention (59.8% vs 37.2%, P<0.001). Exclusive breastfeeding rate was significantly higher in intervention group (59.8% vs 37%, P=0.003). CONCLUSIONS The present study showed that weight and length gain of LBW babies significantly increased by breastfeeding and nutrition education. Therefore, nutrition education on breastfeeding proves to be a strong tool to reduce the high risk of malnutrition and mortality of the LBW babies.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Thakur
- Department of Food and Nurtition, College of Home Economics, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Banz VM, Christen B, Paul K, Martinolli L, Candinas D, Zimmermann H, Exadaktylos AK. Gender, age and ethnic aspects of analgesia in acute abdominal pain: is analgesia even across the groups? Intern Med J 2010; 42:281-8. [PMID: 20492010 DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-5994.2010.02255.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous studies have shown differences in pain perception between men and women, which may affect pain management strategies. AIM Our primary aim was to investigate whether there are gender-based differences in pain management in patients admitted to our emergency department with acute, non-specific abdominal pain (NSAP). Our secondary aim was to evaluate if other factors influence administration of analgesia for patients admitted with NSAP. METHODS From June 2007 to June 2008, we carried out a retrospective, gender-based, frequency-matched control study with 150 patients (75 consecutive men and 75 women) who presented with NSAP at our emergency department. Pain was documented using a numerical rating scale ('0' no pain, '10' most severe pain). A multinomial regression model was used to assess factors that might influence pain management. RESULTS No statistically significant difference was seen between men and women with respect to pain management (P= 0.085). Younger patients were, however, more likely to receive weaker (P= 0.011) and fewer analgesics (P < 0.001). Patients with previous abdominal surgery (P= 0.012), known chronic pain conditions (P= 0.029) or relevant comorbidities (P= 0.048) received stronger analgesia. Nationality (P= 0.244), employment status (P= 0.988), time of admission (P= 0.487) and known psychiatric illness (P= 0.579) did not influence pain management. CONCLUSIONS No statistically significant gender-dependent differences in pain management were observed. However, younger patients received less potent analgesic treatment. There is no reason for certain groups to receive suboptimal treatment, and greater efforts should be made to offer consistent treatment to all patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- V M Banz
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Berne University Hospital and University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland.
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Hofer D, Paul K, Fantur K, Beck M, Roubergue A, Vellodi A, Poorthuis BJ, Michelakakis H, Plecko B, Paschke E. Phenotype determining alleles in GM1 gangliosidosis patients bearing novel GLB1 mutations. Clin Genet 2010; 78:236-46. [PMID: 20175788 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2010.01379.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
GM1 gangliosidosis manifests with progressive psychomotor deterioration and dysostosis of infantile, juvenile, or adult onset, caused by alterations in the structural gene coding for lysosomal acid beta-galactosidase (GLB1). In addition, allelic variants of this gene can result in Morquio B disease (MBD), a phenotype with dysostosis multiplex and entire lack of neurologic involvement. More than 100 sequence alterations in the GLB1 gene have been identified so far, but only few could be proven to be predictive for one of the GM1 gangliosidosis subtypes or MBD. We performed genotype analyses in 16 GM1 gangliosidosis patients of all phenotypes and detected 28 different genetic lesions. Among these, p.I55FfsX16, p.W65X, p.F107L, p.H112P, p.C127Y, p.W161X, p.I181K, p.C230R, p.W273X, p.R299VfsX5, p.A301V, p.F357L, p.K359KfsX23, p.L389P, p.D448V, p.D448GfsX8, and the intronic mutation IVS6-8A>G have not been published so far. Due to their occurrence in homozygous patients, four mutations could be correlated to a distinct GM1 gangliosidosis phenotype. Furthermore, the missense mutations from heteroallelic patients and three artificial nonsense mutations were characterized by overexpression in COS-1 cells, and the subcellular localization of the mutant proteins in fibroblasts was assessed. The phenotype specificity of 10 alleles can be proposed on the basis of our results and previous data.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Hofer
- Department of Paediatrics, Medical University of Graz, Austria
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Petranek S, Patakova I, Krajca V, Paul K. PO31-FR-09 Automatic system for identification of sleep stages in preterm newborns. J Neurol Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-510x(09)71227-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Polysomnography (PSG) is one of the most important noninvasive methods for studying maturation of the child brain. Sleep in infants is significantly different from sleep in adults. This paper addresses the problem of computer analysis of neonatal polygraphic signals. METHODS We applied methods designed for differentiating three important neonatal behavioral states: quiet sleep, active sleep, and wakefulness. The proportion of these states is a significant indicator of the maturity of the newborn brain in clinical practice. In this study, we used data provided by the Institute for Care of Mother and Child, Prague (12 newborn infants of similar postconceptional age). The data were scored by an experienced physician to four states (wake, quiet sleep, active sleep, movement artifact). For accurate classification, it was necessary to determine the most informative features. We used a method based on power spectral density (PSD) applied to each EEG channel. We also used features derived from electrooculogram (EOG), electromyogram (EMG), ECG, and respiration [pneumogram (PNG)] signals. The most informative feature was the measure of regularity of respiration from the PNG signal. We designed an algorithm for interpreting these characteristics. This algorithm was based on Markov models. RESULTS The results of automatic detection of sleep states were compared to the "sleep profiles" determined visually. We evaluated both the success rate and the true positive rate of the classification, and statistically significant agreement of the two scorings was found. Two variants, for learning and for testing, were applied, namely learning from the data of all 12 newborns and tenfold cross-validation, and learning from the data of 11 newborns and testing on the data from the 12th newborn. We utilized information obtained from several biological signals (EEG, ECG, PNG, EMG, EOG) for our final classification. We reached the final success rate of 82.5%. The true positive rate was 81.8% and the false positive rate was 6.1%. DISCUSSION The most important step in the whole process is feature extraction and feature selection. In this process, we used visualization as an additional tool that helped us to decide which features to select. Proper selection of features may significantly influence the success rate of the classification. We made a visual comparison of the computed features with the manual scoring provided by the expert. A hidden Markov model was used for classification. The advantage of this model is that it determines the future behavior of the process by its present state. In this way, it preserves information about temporal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Gerla
- Gerstner Laboratory, Czech Technical University, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Kim S, Richter JW, Paul K, Plecko B, Paschke E, Kattner E. Scheinbares neonatales Entzugssyndrom als Ausdruck einer pyridoxinabhängigen Enzephalopathie – eine Kasuistik mit Videoaufzeichnung. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1223041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Kluger G, Blank R, Paul K, Paschke E, Jansen E, Jakobs C, Wörle H, Plecko B. Pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy: normal outcome in a patient with late diagnosis after prolonged status epilepticus causing cortical blindness. Neuropediatrics 2008; 39:276-9. [PMID: 19294602 DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1202833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
We report on a male proband with pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy (PDE) and neonatal seizure onset. At the age of 31 months, a prolonged status epilepticus led to severe neurological regression with cortical blindness, loss of speech and muscular hypotonia with slow recovery over the following 3 months. At 33 months of age pyridoxine therapy was initiated with excellent response and the boy remained seizure-free on pyridoxine monotherapy, except for two occasions with seizure recurrence 10 days after accidental pyridoxine withdrawal. alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase (antiquitin) deficiency was indicated by elevated pipecolic acid concentrations in plasma and alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde excretion in urine. Molecular analysis of the antiquitin gene revealed a novel missense mutation c.57insA, while the mutation of the other allele remained unidentified so far. Despite the delay in diagnosis and prolonged status epilepticus, neuropsychological evaluations at the ages of 11 and 18 years demonstrated full-scale IQ of 93 and 92, respectively, with better verbal IQ (103 and 101) than performance IQ (85 and 82).
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kluger
- Klinik für Neuropädiatrie und Neurologische Rehabilitation, Epilepsiezentrum für Kinder und Jugendliche, BHZ Vogtareuth, Germany
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Geddes CGR, Bruhwiler DL, Cary JR, Mori WB, Vay JL, Martins SF, Katsouleas T, Cormier-Michel E, Fawley WM, Huang C, Wang X, Cowan B, Decyk VK, Esarey E, Fonseca RA, Lu W, Messmer P, Mullowney P, Nakamura K, Paul K, Plateau GR, Schroeder CB, Silva LO, Toth C, Tsung FS, Tzoufras M, Antonsen T, Vieira J, Leemans WP. Computational studies and optimization of wakefield accelerators. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/125/1/012002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Paul K. Aktueller Stand der Entgeltordnung und des Arbeitszeitgesetzes des öffentlichen Dienstes (TVÖD/TVL). ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1073900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Paul K, Manjula J, Deepa EP, Selvanayagam ZE, Ganesh KA, Subba Rao PV. Anti-Echis carinatus venom antibodies from chicken egg yolk: Isolation, purification and neutralization efficacy. Toxicon 2007; 50:893-900. [PMID: 17681579 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2007.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2006] [Revised: 07/26/2006] [Accepted: 06/21/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
High titer antibodies (IgY) were raised in egg yolk of white leghorn chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) by immunizing with the venom of Echis carinatus (Saw scaled viper or carpet viper), an Indian venomous snake belonging to the family Viperidae. The anti-snake venom antibodies (antivenom) were isolated from egg yolk by the water dilution method, enriched by 19% sodium sulfate precipitation and purified by immunoaffinity chromatography. A single, electrophoretically pure IgY band of 180-200 kDa was obtained on SDS-PAGE. Immunoblot analysis revealed not only the specific binding of the antivenom but also dose-dependent blocking of antivenom by venom proteins. In neutralization studies, a preincubated mixture of both affinity-purified (50 mg/kg body weight) as well as partially purified (210 mg/kg body weight) anti-E. carinatus IgY with 2 LD(50) dose of E. carinatus venom (2 x 6.65 mg/kg body weight) gave 100% protection in mice when administered subcutaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Paul
- Vittal Mallya Scientific Research Foundation, PO Box 406, K.R. Road, Bangalore-560 004, India
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Davison AG, Monaghan M, Brown D, Eraut CD, O'Brien A, Paul K, Townsend J, Elston C, Ward L, Steeples S, Cubitt L. Hospital at home for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: an integrated hospital and community based generic intermediate care service for prevention and early discharge. Chron Respir Dis 2007; 3:181-5. [PMID: 17190120 DOI: 10.1177/1479972306070074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent randomized controlled studies have reported success for hospital at home for prevention and early discharge of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients using hospital based respiratory nurse specialists. This observational study reports results using an integrated hospital and community based generic intermediate care service. The length of care, readmission within 60 days and death within 60 days in the early discharge (9.37 days, 21.1%, 7%) and the prevention of admission (five to six days, 34.1%, 3.8%) are similar to previous studies. We suggest that this generic community model of service may allow hospital at home services for COPD to be introduced in more areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G Davison
- Southend Associated University Hospital, Westcliff on Sea, Essex, UK.
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Hirche T, Jungblut S, Paul K, Stern M, Wagner TOF, Wiedemann B. Body Mass Index Perzentile korrelieren besser mit dem Ernährungsstatus und der Lungenfunktion von Patienten mit Cystischer Fibrose (CF) als konventionelle anthropometrische Indizes. Pneumologie 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-973219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Abstract
Lung inflammation plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of airway disease in cystic fibrosis (CF). An imbalance between pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators has been observed and a deficiency in the anti-inflammatory response has been proposed, but this concept remains controversial. In the present study, the concentrations of two anti-inflammatory mediators, lipoxin A (LxA4) and Clara cell protein 10 (CC-10), were assessed in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of CF patients with a wide range of endobronchial inflammation and disease controls with neutrophilic inflammation unrelated to CF. No differences were observed in LxA4 BALF concentrations between CF patients and controls with a similar degree of neutrophilic airway inflammation. Concentrations were also similar in CF patients with mild versus more severe airway inflammation. In contrast, CC-10 concentrations were lower in CF patients, but this decrease was limited to patients with more intense airway inflammation. The present data do not support the concept of a primary defect in anti-inflammatory mediators in cystic fibrosis lung disease. Although Clara cell protein concentrations were found to be reduced, these alterations appear to be secondary to neutrophilic airway inflammation rather than due to a primary deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Starosta
- Lung Research Group, Children's Hospital of Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
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