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Lieb A, Zrenner B, Zrenner C, Kozák G, Martus P, Grefkes C, Ziemann U. Brain-oscillation-synchronized stimulation to enhance motor recovery in early subacute stroke: a randomized controlled double-blind three- arm parallel-group exploratory trial comparing personalized, non- personalized and sham repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (Acronym: BOSS-STROKE). BMC Neurol 2023; 23:204. [PMID: 37231390 PMCID: PMC10210305 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-023-03235-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke is a major cause of death and the most frequent cause of permanent disability in western countries. Repetitive transcranial brain stimulation (rTMS) has been used to enhance neuronal plasticity after stroke, yet with only moderate effect sizes. Here we will apply a highly innovative technology that synchronizes rTMS to specific brain states identified by real-time analysis of electroencephalography. METHODS One hundred forty-four patients with early subacute ischemic motor stroke will be included in a multicenter 3-arm parallel, randomized, double-blind, standard rTMS and sham rTMS-controlled exploratory trial in Germany. In the experimental condition, rTMS will be synchronized to the trough of the sensorimotor µ-oscillation, a high-excitability state, over ipsilesional motor cortex. In the standard rTMS control condition the identical protocol will be applied, but non-synchronized to the ongoing µ-oscillation. In the sham condition, the same µ-oscillation-synchronized protocol as in experimental condition will be applied, but with ineffective rTMS, using the sham side of an active/placebo TMS coil. The treatment will be performed over five consecutive work days (1,200 pulses per day, 6,000 pulses total). The primary endpoint will be motor performance after the last treatment session as measured by the Fugl-Meyer Assessment Upper Extremity. DISCUSSION This study investigates, for the first time, the therapeutic efficacy of personalized, brain-state-dependent rTMS. We hypothesize that synchronization of rTMS with a high-excitability state will lead to significantly stronger improvement of paretic upper extremity motor function than standard or sham rTMS. Positive results may catalyze a paradigm-shift towards personalized brain-state-dependent stimulation therapies. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05600374) on 10-21-2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Lieb
- Department of Neurology and Stroke, and Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Brigitte Zrenner
- Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christoph Zrenner
- Department of Neurology and Stroke, and Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gábor Kozák
- Department of Neurology and Stroke, and Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Peter Martus
- Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Applied Statistics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christian Grefkes
- Department of Neurology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ulf Ziemann
- Department of Neurology and Stroke, and Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
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Veit J, Handy G, Mossing DP, Doiron B, Adesnik H. Cortical VIP neurons locally control the gain but globally control the coherence of gamma band rhythms. Neuron 2023; 111:405-417.e5. [PMID: 36384143 PMCID: PMC9898108 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2022.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Gamma band synchronization can facilitate local and long-range neural communication. In the primary visual cortex, visual stimulus properties within a specific location determine local synchronization strength, while the match of stimulus properties between distant locations controls long-range synchronization. The neural basis for the differential control of local and global gamma band synchronization is unknown. Combining electrophysiology, optogenetics, and computational modeling, we found that VIP disinhibitory interneurons in mouse cortex linearly scale gamma power locally without changing its stimulus tuning. Conversely, they suppress long-range synchronization when two regions process non-matched stimuli, tuning gamma coherence globally. Modeling shows that like-to-like connectivity across space and specific VIP→SST inhibition capture these opposing effects. VIP neurons thus differentially impact local and global properties of gamma rhythms depending on visual stimulus statistics. They may thereby construct gamma-band filters for spatially extended but continuous image features, such as contours, facilitating the downstream generation of coherent visual percepts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Veit
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
| | - Gregory Handy
- Departments of Neurobiology and Statistics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Grossman Center for Quantitative Biology and Human Behavior, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Daniel P Mossing
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA; Biophysics Graduate Program, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Brent Doiron
- Departments of Neurobiology and Statistics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Grossman Center for Quantitative Biology and Human Behavior, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hillel Adesnik
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA; The Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
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3
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Lundqvist M, Rose J, Brincat SL, Warden MR, Buschman TJ, Herman P, Miller EK. Reduced variability of bursting activity during working memory. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15050. [PMID: 36064880 PMCID: PMC9445015 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18577-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Working memories have long been thought to be maintained by persistent spiking. However, mounting evidence from multiple-electrode recording (and single-trial analyses) shows that the underlying spiking is better characterized by intermittent bursts of activity. A counterargument suggested this intermittent activity is at odds with observations that spike-time variability reduces during task performance. However, this counterargument rests on assumptions, such as randomness in the timing of the bursts, which may not be correct. Thus, we analyzed spiking and LFPs from monkeys’ prefrontal cortex (PFC) to determine if task-related reductions in variability can co-exist with intermittent spiking. We found that it does because both spiking and associated gamma bursts were task-modulated, not random. In fact, the task-related reduction in spike variability could largely be explained by a related reduction in gamma burst variability. Our results provide further support for the intermittent activity models of working memory as well as novel mechanistic insights into how spike variability is reduced during cognitive tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikael Lundqvist
- Department of Psychology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden. .,The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
| | - Jonas Rose
- The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.,Faculty of Psychology, Neural Basis of Learning, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Scott L Brincat
- The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Melissa R Warden
- The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.,Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Timothy J Buschman
- The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.,Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Washington Rd., Princeton, NJ, 08540, USA
| | - Pawel Herman
- Department of Computational Science and Technology, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Digital Futures, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Earl K Miller
- The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
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Das A, Mandel A, Shitara H, Popa T, Horovitz SG, Hallett M, Thirugnanasambandam N. Evaluating interhemispheric connectivity during midline object recognition using EEG. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0270949. [PMID: 36026515 PMCID: PMC9417031 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional integration between two hemispheres is crucial for perceptual binding to occur when visual stimuli are presented in the midline of the visual field. Mima and colleagues (2001) showed using EEG that midline object recognition was associated with task-related decrease in alpha band power (alpha desynchronisation) and a transient increase in interhemispheric coherence. Our objective in the current study was to replicate the results of Mima et al. and to further evaluate interhemispheric effective connectivity during midline object recognition in source space. We recruited 11 healthy adult volunteers and recorded EEG from 64 channels while they performed a midline object recognition task. Task-related power and coherence were estimated in sensor and source spaces. Further, effective connectivity was evaluated using Granger causality. While we were able to replicate the alpha desynchronisation associated with midline object recognition, we could not replicate the coherence results of Mima et al. The data-driven approach that we employed in our study localised the source of alpha desynchronisation over the left occipito-temporal region. In the alpha band, we further observed significant increase in imaginary part of coherency between bilateral occipito-temporal regions during object recognition. Finally, Granger causality analysis between the left and right occipito-temporal regions provided an insight that even though there is bidirectional interaction, the left occipito-temporal region may be crucial for integrating the information necessary for object recognition. The significance of the current study lies in using high-density EEG and applying more appropriate and robust measures of connectivity as well as statistical analysis to validate and enhance our current knowledge on the neural basis of midline object recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwesha Das
- Human Motor Neurophysiology and Neuromodulation Lab, National Brain Research Centre (NBRC), Manesar, Haryana, India
| | - Alexandra Mandel
- Human Motor Control Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Hitoshi Shitara
- Human Motor Control Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Traian Popa
- Human Motor Control Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Silvina G. Horovitz
- Human Motor Control Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Mark Hallett
- Human Motor Control Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Nivethida Thirugnanasambandam
- Human Motor Neurophysiology and Neuromodulation Lab, National Brain Research Centre (NBRC), Manesar, Haryana, India
- Human Motor Control Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
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Myers JC, Smith EH, Leszczynski M, O'Sullivan J, Yates MJ, McKhann G, Mesgarani N, Schroeder C, Schevon C, Sheth SA. The Spatial Reach of Neuronal Coherence and Spike-Field Coupling across the Human Neocortex. J Neurosci 2022; 42:6285-6294. [PMID: 35790403 PMCID: PMC9374135 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0050-22.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal coherence is thought to be a fundamental mechanism of communication in the brain, where synchronized field potentials coordinate synaptic and spiking events to support plasticity and learning. Although the spread of field potentials has garnered great interest, little is known about the spatial reach of phase synchronization, or neuronal coherence. Functional connectivity between different brain regions is known to occur across long distances, but the locality of synchronization across the neocortex is understudied. Here we used simultaneous recordings from electrocorticography (ECoG) grids and high-density microelectrode arrays to estimate the spatial reach of neuronal coherence and spike-field coherence (SFC) across frontal, temporal, and occipital cortices during cognitive tasks in humans. We observed the strongest coherence within a 2-3 cm distance from the microelectrode arrays, potentially defining an effective range for local communication. This range was relatively consistent across brain regions, spectral frequencies, and cognitive tasks. The magnitude of coherence showed power law decay with increasing distance from the microelectrode arrays, where the highest coherence occurred between ECoG contacts, followed by coherence between ECoG and deep cortical local field potential (LFP), and then SFC (i.e., ECoG > LFP > SFC). The spectral frequency of coherence also affected its magnitude. Alpha coherence (8-14 Hz) was generally higher than other frequencies for signals nearest the microelectrode arrays, whereas delta coherence (1-3 Hz) was higher for signals that were farther away. Action potentials in all brain regions were most coherent with the phase of alpha oscillations, which suggests that alpha waves could play a larger, more spatially local role in spike timing than other frequencies. These findings provide a deeper understanding of the spatial and spectral dynamics of neuronal synchronization, further advancing knowledge about how activity propagates across the human brain.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Coherence is theorized to facilitate information transfer across cerebral space by providing a convenient electrophysiological mechanism to modulate membrane potentials in spatiotemporally complex patterns. Our work uses a multiscale approach to evaluate the spatial reach of phase coherence and spike-field coherence during cognitive tasks in humans. Locally, coherence can reach up to 3 cm around a given area of neocortex. The spectral properties of coherence revealed that alpha phase-field and spike-field coherence were higher within ranges <2 cm, whereas lower-frequency delta coherence was higher for contacts farther away. Spatiotemporally shared information (i.e., coherence) across neocortex seems to reach farther than field potentials alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- John C Myers
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Elliot H Smith
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032
| | | | - James O'Sullivan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027
| | - Mark J Yates
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032
| | - Guy McKhann
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032
| | - Nima Mesgarani
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027
| | - Charles Schroeder
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032
| | - Catherine Schevon
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032
| | - Sameer A Sheth
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
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Lu Z, Wang H, Gu J, Gao F. Association between abnormal brain oscillations and cognitive performance in patients with bipolar disorder; Molecular mechanisms and clinical evidence. Synapse 2022; 76:e22247. [PMID: 35849784 DOI: 10.1002/syn.22247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Brain oscillations have gained great attention in neuroscience during recent decades as functional building blocks of cognitive-sensory processes. Research has shown that oscillations in "alpha," "beta," "gamma," "delta," and "theta" frequency windows are highly modified in brain pathology, including in patients with cognitive impairment like bipolar disorder (BD). The study of changes in brain oscillations can provide fundamental knowledge for exploring neurophysiological biomarkers in cognitive impairment. The present article reviews findings from the role and molecular basis of abnormal neural oscillation and synchronization in the symptoms of patients with BD. An overview of the results clearly demonstrates that, in cognitive-sensory processes, resting and evoked/event-related electroencephalogram (EEG) spectra in the delta, theta, alpha, beta, and gamma bands are abnormally changed in patients with BD showing psychotic features. Abnormal oscillations have been found to be associated with several neural dysfunctions and abnormalities contributing to BD, including abnormal GABAergic neurotransmission signaling, hippocampal cell discharge, abnormal hippocampal neurogenesis, impaired cadherin and synaptic contact-based cell adhesion processes, extended lateral ventricles, decreased prefrontal cortical gray matter, and decreased hippocampal volume. Mechanistically, impairment in calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 I, neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase proteins, genes involved in brain neurogenesis and synaptogenesis like WNT3 and ACTG2, genes involved in the cell adhesion process like CDH12 and DISC1, and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) signaling have been reported as the main molecular contributors to the abnormalities in resting-state low-frequency oscillations in BD patients. Findings also showed the association of impaired synaptic connections and disrupted membrane potential with abnormal beta/gamma oscillatory activity in patients with BD. Of note, the synaptic GABA neurotransmitter has been found to be a fundamental requirement for the occurrence of long-distance synchronous gamma oscillations necessary for coordinating the activity of neural networks between various brain regions. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated People's Hospital of NingBo University, NingBo, 315000, China
| | - Huixiao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated People's Hospital of NingBo University, NingBo, 315000, China
| | - Jiajie Gu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated People's Hospital of NingBo University, NingBo, 315000, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated People's Hospital of NingBo University, NingBo, 315000, China
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Reyner-Parra D, Huguet G. Phase-locking patterns underlying effective communication in exact firing rate models of neural networks. PLoS Comput Biol 2022; 18:e1009342. [PMID: 35584147 PMCID: PMC9154197 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Macroscopic oscillations in the brain have been observed to be involved in many cognitive tasks but their role is not completely understood. One of the suggested functions of the oscillations is to dynamically modulate communication between neural circuits. The Communication Through Coherence (CTC) theory proposes that oscillations reflect rhythmic changes in excitability of the neuronal populations. Thus, populations need to be properly phase-locked so that input volleys arrive at the peaks of excitability of the receiving population to communicate effectively. Here, we present a modeling study to explore synchronization between neuronal circuits connected with unidirectional projections. We consider an Excitatory-Inhibitory (E-I) network of quadratic integrate-and-fire neurons modeling a Pyramidal-Interneuronal Network Gamma (PING) rhythm. The network receives an external periodic input from either one or two sources, simulating the inputs from other oscillating neural groups. We use recently developed mean-field models which provide an exact description of the macroscopic activity of the spiking network. This low-dimensional mean field model allows us to use tools from bifurcation theory to identify the phase-locked states between the input and the target population as a function of the amplitude, frequency and coherence of the inputs. We identify the conditions for optimal phase-locking and effective communication. We find that inputs with high coherence can entrain the network for a wider range of frequencies. Besides, faster oscillatory inputs than the intrinsic network gamma cycle show more effective communication than inputs with similar frequency. Our analysis further shows that the entrainment of the network by inputs with higher frequency is more robust to distractors, thus giving them an advantage to entrain the network and communicate effectively. Finally, we show that pulsatile inputs can switch between attended inputs in selective attention. Oscillations are ubiquitous in the brain and are involved in several cognitive tasks but their role is not completely understood. The Communication Through Coherence theory proposes that background oscillations in the brain regulate the information flow between neural populations. The oscillators that are properly phase-locked so that inputs arrive at the peaks of excitability of the receiving population communicate effectively. In this paper, we study the emerging phase-locking patterns of a network generating PING oscillations under external periodic forcing, simulating the oscillatory input from other neural groups. We identify the conditions for optimal phase-locking and effective communication. Namely, we find that inputs with higher frequency and coherence have an adavantage to entrain the network and we quantify how robust are to distractors. Furthermore, we show how selective attention can be implemented by means of phase locking and we show that pulsatile inputs can switch between attended inputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Reyner-Parra
- Departament de Matemàtiques, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Huguet
- Departament de Matemàtiques, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Matemàtiques de la UPC - Barcelona Tech (IMTech), Barcelona, Spain
- Centre de Recerca Matemàtica, Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail:
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Treatment effects on event-related EEG potentials and oscillations in Alzheimer's disease. Int J Psychophysiol 2022; 177:179-201. [PMID: 35588964 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2022.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease dementia (ADD) is the most diffuse neurodegenerative disorder belonging to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia in old persons. This disease is provoked by an abnormal accumulation of amyloid-beta and tauopathy proteins in the brain. Very recently, the first disease-modifying drug has been licensed with reserve (i.e., Aducanumab). Therefore, there is a need to identify and use biomarkers probing the neurophysiological underpinnings of human cognitive functions to test the clinical efficacy of that drug. In this regard, event-related electroencephalographic potentials (ERPs) and oscillations (EROs) are promising candidates. Here, an Expert Panel from the Electrophysiology Professional Interest Area of the Alzheimer's Association and Global Brain Consortium reviewed the field literature on the effects of the most used symptomatic drug against ADD (i.e., Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors) on ERPs and EROs in ADD patients with MCI and dementia at the group level. The most convincing results were found in ADD patients. In those patients, Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors partially normalized ERP P300 peak latency and amplitude in oddball paradigms using visual stimuli. In these same paradigms, those drugs partially normalize ERO phase-locking at the theta band (4-7 Hz) and spectral coherence between electrode pairs at the gamma (around 40 Hz) band. These results are of great interest and may motivate multicentric, double-blind, randomized, and placebo-controlled clinical trials in MCI and ADD patients for final cross-validation.
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Mannekote Thippaiah S, Pradhan B, Voyiaziakis E, Shetty R, Iyengar S, Olson C, Tang YY. Possible Role of Parvalbumin Interneurons in Meditation and Psychiatric Illness. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2022; 34:113-123. [PMID: 35040663 DOI: 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.21050136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Parvalbumin (PV) interneurons are present in multiple brain regions and produce complex influences on brain functioning. An increasing number of research findings indicate that the function of these interneurons is more complex than solely to inhibit pyramidal neurons in the cortex. They generate feedback and feedforward inhibition of cortical neurons, and they are critically involved in the generation of neuronal network oscillation. These oscillations, generated by various brain regions, are linked to perceptions, thought processes, and cognitive functions, all of which, in turn, influence human emotions and behavior. Both animal and human studies consistently have found that meditation practice results in enhancement in the effects of alpha-, theta-, and gamma-frequency oscillations, which may correspond to positive changes in cognition, emotion, conscious awareness, and, subsequently, behavior. Although the study of meditation has moved into mainstream neuroscience research, the link between PV interneurons and any role they might play in meditative states remains elusive. This article is focused primarily on gamma-frequency oscillation, which is generated by PV interneurons, to develop insight and perspective into the role of PV interneurons in meditation. This article also points to new and emerging directions that address whether this role of PV interneurons in meditation extends to a beneficial, and potentially therapeutic, role in the treatment of common psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinagesh Mannekote Thippaiah
- Department of Psychiatry, Valleywise Behavioral Health Center, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Phoenix (Mannekote Thippaiah, Olson); Division of Neuromodulation and Integrative Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Pediatrics, Cooper Medical School, Rowan University, Camden, N.J. (Pradhan); Department of Psychiatry, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine, Hofstra/Northwell, Glen Oaks, N.Y. (Voyiaziakis); Department of Neuroscience, College of Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (Shetty); American Museum of Natural History, New York (Iyengar); Psychiatry Division, District Medical Group, Phoenix (Olson); and College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Tempe (Tang)
| | - Basant Pradhan
- Department of Psychiatry, Valleywise Behavioral Health Center, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Phoenix (Mannekote Thippaiah, Olson); Division of Neuromodulation and Integrative Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Pediatrics, Cooper Medical School, Rowan University, Camden, N.J. (Pradhan); Department of Psychiatry, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine, Hofstra/Northwell, Glen Oaks, N.Y. (Voyiaziakis); Department of Neuroscience, College of Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (Shetty); American Museum of Natural History, New York (Iyengar); Psychiatry Division, District Medical Group, Phoenix (Olson); and College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Tempe (Tang)
| | - Emanuel Voyiaziakis
- Department of Psychiatry, Valleywise Behavioral Health Center, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Phoenix (Mannekote Thippaiah, Olson); Division of Neuromodulation and Integrative Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Pediatrics, Cooper Medical School, Rowan University, Camden, N.J. (Pradhan); Department of Psychiatry, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine, Hofstra/Northwell, Glen Oaks, N.Y. (Voyiaziakis); Department of Neuroscience, College of Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (Shetty); American Museum of Natural History, New York (Iyengar); Psychiatry Division, District Medical Group, Phoenix (Olson); and College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Tempe (Tang)
| | - Rashika Shetty
- Department of Psychiatry, Valleywise Behavioral Health Center, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Phoenix (Mannekote Thippaiah, Olson); Division of Neuromodulation and Integrative Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Pediatrics, Cooper Medical School, Rowan University, Camden, N.J. (Pradhan); Department of Psychiatry, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine, Hofstra/Northwell, Glen Oaks, N.Y. (Voyiaziakis); Department of Neuroscience, College of Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (Shetty); American Museum of Natural History, New York (Iyengar); Psychiatry Division, District Medical Group, Phoenix (Olson); and College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Tempe (Tang)
| | - Sloka Iyengar
- Department of Psychiatry, Valleywise Behavioral Health Center, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Phoenix (Mannekote Thippaiah, Olson); Division of Neuromodulation and Integrative Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Pediatrics, Cooper Medical School, Rowan University, Camden, N.J. (Pradhan); Department of Psychiatry, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine, Hofstra/Northwell, Glen Oaks, N.Y. (Voyiaziakis); Department of Neuroscience, College of Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (Shetty); American Museum of Natural History, New York (Iyengar); Psychiatry Division, District Medical Group, Phoenix (Olson); and College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Tempe (Tang)
| | - Carol Olson
- Department of Psychiatry, Valleywise Behavioral Health Center, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Phoenix (Mannekote Thippaiah, Olson); Division of Neuromodulation and Integrative Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Pediatrics, Cooper Medical School, Rowan University, Camden, N.J. (Pradhan); Department of Psychiatry, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine, Hofstra/Northwell, Glen Oaks, N.Y. (Voyiaziakis); Department of Neuroscience, College of Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (Shetty); American Museum of Natural History, New York (Iyengar); Psychiatry Division, District Medical Group, Phoenix (Olson); and College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Tempe (Tang)
| | - Yi-Yuan Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, Valleywise Behavioral Health Center, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Phoenix (Mannekote Thippaiah, Olson); Division of Neuromodulation and Integrative Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Pediatrics, Cooper Medical School, Rowan University, Camden, N.J. (Pradhan); Department of Psychiatry, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine, Hofstra/Northwell, Glen Oaks, N.Y. (Voyiaziakis); Department of Neuroscience, College of Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (Shetty); American Museum of Natural History, New York (Iyengar); Psychiatry Division, District Medical Group, Phoenix (Olson); and College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Tempe (Tang)
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10
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11
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Klemz A, Wildner F, Tütüncü E, Gerevich Z. Regulation of Hippocampal Gamma Oscillations by Modulation of Intrinsic Neuronal Excitability. Front Neural Circuits 2022; 15:778022. [PMID: 35177966 PMCID: PMC8845518 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2021.778022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ion channels activated around the subthreshold membrane potential determine the likelihood of neuronal firing in response to synaptic inputs, a process described as intrinsic neuronal excitability. Long-term plasticity of chemical synaptic transmission is traditionally considered the main cellular mechanism of information storage in the brain; however, voltage- and calcium-activated channels modulating the inputs or outputs of neurons are also subjects of plastic changes and play a major role in learning and memory formation. Gamma oscillations are associated with numerous higher cognitive functions such as learning and memory, but our knowledge of their dependence on intrinsic plasticity is by far limited. Here we investigated the roles of potassium and calcium channels activated at near subthreshold membrane potentials in cholinergically induced persistent gamma oscillations measured in the CA3 area of rat hippocampal slices. Among potassium channels, which are responsible for the afterhyperpolarization in CA3 pyramidal cells, we found that blockers of SK (KCa2) and KV7.2/7.3 (KCNQ2/3), but not the BK (KCa1.1) and IK (KCa3.1) channels, increased the power of gamma oscillations. On the contrary, activators of these channels had an attenuating effect without affecting the frequency. Pharmacological blockade of the low voltage-activated T-type calcium channels (CaV3.1–3.3) reduced gamma power and increased the oscillation peak frequency. Enhancement of these channels also inhibited the peak power without altering the frequency of the oscillations. The presented data suggest that voltage- and calcium-activated ion channels involved in intrinsic excitability strongly regulate the power of hippocampal gamma oscillations. Targeting these channels could represent a valuable pharmacological strategy against cognitive impairment.
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12
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Marquardt K, Josey M, Kenton JA, Cavanagh JF, Holmes A, Brigman JL. Impaired cognitive flexibility following NMDAR-GluN2B deletion is associated with altered orbitofrontal-striatal function. Neuroscience 2021; 475:230-245. [PMID: 34656223 PMCID: PMC8592269 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A common feature across neuropsychiatric disorders is inability to discontinue an action or thought once it has become detrimental. Reversal learning, a hallmark of executive control, requires plasticity within cortical, striatal and limbic circuits and is highly sensitive to disruption of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) function. In particular, selective deletion or antagonism of GluN2B containing NMDARs in cortical regions including the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), promotes maladaptive perseveration. It remains unknown whether GluN2B functions to maintain local cortical activity necessary for reversal learning, or if it exerts a broader influence on the integration of neural activity across cortical and subcortical systems. To address this question, we utilized in vivo electrophysiology to record neuronal activity and local field potentials (LFP) in the orbitofrontal cortex and dorsal striatum (dS) of mice with deletion of GluN2B in neocortical and hippocampal principal cells while they performed touchscreen reversal learning. Reversal impairment produced by corticohippocampal GluN2B deletion was paralleled by an aberrant increase in functional connectivity between the OFC and dS. These alterations in coordination were associated with alterations in local OFC and dS firing activity. These data demonstrate highly dynamic patterns of cortical and striatal activity concomitant with reversal learning, and reveal GluN2B as a molecular mechanism underpinning the timing of these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Marquardt
- Department of Neurosciences, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Megan Josey
- Department of Neurosciences, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Johnny A Kenton
- Department of Neurosciences, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | | | - Andrew Holmes
- Laboratory of Behavioral and Genomic Neuroscience, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jonathan L Brigman
- Department of Neurosciences, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA; New Mexico Alcohol Research Center, UNM Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
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13
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Babaeeghazvini P, Rueda-Delgado LM, Gooijers J, Swinnen SP, Daffertshofer A. Brain Structural and Functional Connectivity: A Review of Combined Works of Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Electro-Encephalography. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:721206. [PMID: 34690718 PMCID: PMC8529047 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.721206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Implications of structural connections within and between brain regions for their functional counterpart are timely points of discussion. White matter microstructural organization and functional activity can be assessed in unison. At first glance, however, the corresponding findings appear variable, both in the healthy brain and in numerous neuro-pathologies. To identify consistent associations between structural and functional connectivity and possible impacts for the clinic, we reviewed the literature of combined recordings of electro-encephalography (EEG) and diffusion-based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). It appears that the strength of event-related EEG activity increases with increased integrity of structural connectivity, while latency drops. This agrees with a simple mechanistic perspective: the nature of microstructural white matter influences the transfer of activity. The EEG, however, is often assessed for its spectral content. Spectral power shows associations with structural connectivity that can be negative or positive often dependent on the frequencies under study. Functional connectivity shows even more variations, which are difficult to rank. This might be caused by the diversity of paradigms being investigated, from sleep and resting state to cognitive and motor tasks, from healthy participants to patients. More challenging, though, is the potential dependency of findings on the kind of analysis applied. While this does not diminish the principal capacity of EEG and diffusion-based MRI co-registration, it highlights the urgency to standardize especially EEG analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parinaz Babaeeghazvini
- Department of Human Movements Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Science Institute (AMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Institute for Brain and Behaviour Amsterdam (iBBA), Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Laura M. Rueda-Delgado
- Movement Control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jolien Gooijers
- Movement Control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stephan P. Swinnen
- Movement Control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Andreas Daffertshofer
- Department of Human Movements Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Science Institute (AMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Institute for Brain and Behaviour Amsterdam (iBBA), Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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14
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Ricci S, Tatti E, Nelson AB, Panday P, Chen H, Tononi G, Cirelli C, Ghilardi MF. Extended Visual Sequence Learning Leaves a Local Trace in the Spontaneous EEG. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:707828. [PMID: 34335178 PMCID: PMC8322764 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.707828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that, in rested subjects, extensive practice in a motor learning task increased both electroencephalographic (EEG) theta power in the areas involved in learning and improved the error rate in a motor test that shared similarities with the task. A nap normalized both EEG and performance changes. We now ascertain whether extensive visual declarative learning produces results similar to motor learning. Thus, during the morning, we recorded high-density EEG in well rested young healthy subjects that learned the order of different visual sequence task (VSEQ) for three one-hour blocks. Afterward, a group of subjects took a nap and another rested quietly. Between each VSEQ block, we recorded spontaneous EEG (sEEG) at rest and assessed performance in a motor test and a visual working memory test that shares similarities with VSEQ. We found that after the third block, VSEQ induced local theta power increases in the sEEG over a right temporo-parietal area that was engaged during the task. This local theta increase was preceded by increases in alpha and beta power over the same area and was paralleled by performance decline in the visual working memory test. Only after the nap, VSEQ learning rate improved and performance in the visual working memory test was restored, together with partial normalization of the local sEEG changes. These results suggest that intensive learning, like motor learning, produces local theta power increases, possibly reflecting local neuronal fatigue. Sleep may be necessary to resolve neuronal fatigue and its effects on learning and performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Ricci
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, CUNY School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics and Systems Engineering, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Elisa Tatti
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, CUNY School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Aaron B Nelson
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, CUNY School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Priya Panday
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, CUNY School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Henry Chen
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, CUNY School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Giulio Tononi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Chiara Cirelli
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - M Felice Ghilardi
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, CUNY School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
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15
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Wiesman AI, Wilson TW. Posterior Alpha and Gamma Oscillations Index Divergent and Superadditive Effects of Cognitive Interference. Cereb Cortex 2021; 30:1931-1945. [PMID: 31711121 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhz214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Conflicts at various stages of cognition can cause interference effects on behavior. Two well-studied forms of cognitive interference are stimulus-stimulus (e.g., Flanker), where the conflict arises from incongruence between the task-relevant stimulus and simultaneously presented irrelevant stimulus information, and stimulus-response (e.g., Simon), where interference is the result of an incompatibility between the spatial location of the task-relevant stimulus and a prepotent motor mapping of the expected response. Despite substantial interest in the neural and behavioral underpinnings of cognitive interference, it remains uncertain how differing sources of cognitive conflict might interact, and the spectrally specific neural dynamics that index this phenomenon are poorly understood. Herein, we used an adapted version of the multisource interference task and magnetoencephalography to investigate the spectral, temporal, and spatial dynamics of conflict processing in healthy adults (N = 23). We found a double-dissociation such that, in isolation, stimulus-stimulus interference was indexed by alpha (8-14 Hz), but not gamma-frequency (64-76 Hz) oscillations in the lateral occipital regions, while stimulus-response interference was indexed by gamma oscillations in nearby cortices, but not by alpha oscillations. Surprisingly, we also observed a superadditive effect of simultaneously presented interference types (multisource) on task performance and gamma oscillations in superior parietal cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex I Wiesman
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-8440, USA.,Center for Magnetoencephalography, UNMC, Omaha, NE 68198-8440, USA
| | - Tony W Wilson
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-8440, USA.,Center for Magnetoencephalography, UNMC, Omaha, NE 68198-8440, USA
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16
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Cerebellar Purkinje cells can differentially modulate coherence between sensory and motor cortex depending on region and behavior. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2015292118. [PMID: 33443203 PMCID: PMC7812746 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2015292118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Activity of sensory and motor cortices is essential for sensorimotor integration. In particular, coherence between these areas may indicate binding of critical functions like perception, motor planning, action, or sleep. Evidence is accumulating that cerebellar output modulates cortical activity and coherence, but how, when, and where it does so is unclear. We studied activity in and coherence between S1 and M1 cortices during whisker stimulation in the absence and presence of optogenetic Purkinje cell stimulation in crus 1 and 2 of awake mice, eliciting strong simple spike rate modulation. Without Purkinje cell stimulation, whisker stimulation triggers fast responses in S1 and M1 involving transient coherence in a broad spectrum. Simultaneous stimulation of Purkinje cells and whiskers affects amplitude and kinetics of sensory responses in S1 and M1 and alters the estimated S1-M1 coherence in theta and gamma bands, allowing bidirectional control dependent on behavioral context. These effects are absent when Purkinje cell activation is delayed by 20 ms. Focal stimulation of Purkinje cells revealed site specificity, with cells in medial crus 2 showing the most prominent and selective impact on estimated coherence, i.e., a strong suppression in the gamma but not the theta band. Granger causality analyses and computational modeling of the involved networks suggest that Purkinje cells control S1-M1 phase consistency predominantly via ventrolateral thalamus and M1. Our results indicate that activity of sensorimotor cortices can be dynamically and functionally modulated by specific cerebellar inputs, highlighting a widespread role of the cerebellum in coordinating sensorimotor behavior.
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17
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Is there a “g-neuron”? Establishing a systematic link between general intelligence (g) and the von Economo neuron. INTELLIGENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intell.2021.101540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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18
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Pariz A, Fischer I, Valizadeh A, Mirasso C. Transmission delays and frequency detuning can regulate information flow between brain regions. PLoS Comput Biol 2021; 17:e1008129. [PMID: 33857135 PMCID: PMC8049288 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain networks exhibit very variable and dynamical functional connectivity and flexible configurations of information exchange despite their overall fixed structure. Brain oscillations are hypothesized to underlie time-dependent functional connectivity by periodically changing the excitability of neural populations. In this paper, we investigate the role of the connection delay and the detuning between the natural frequencies of neural populations in the transmission of signals. Based on numerical simulations and analytical arguments, we show that the amount of information transfer between two oscillating neural populations could be determined by their connection delay and the mismatch in their oscillation frequencies. Our results highlight the role of the collective phase response curve of the oscillating neural populations for the efficacy of signal transmission and the quality of the information transfer in brain networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aref Pariz
- Department of Physics, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, Iran
- Instituto de Física Interdisciplinar y Sistemas Complejos IFISC (UIB-CSIC), Campus Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Ingo Fischer
- Instituto de Física Interdisciplinar y Sistemas Complejos IFISC (UIB-CSIC), Campus Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Alireza Valizadeh
- Department of Physics, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, Iran
- School of biological sciences, Institute for research in fundamental sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran
- * E-mail: (AV); (CM)
| | - Claudio Mirasso
- Instituto de Física Interdisciplinar y Sistemas Complejos IFISC (UIB-CSIC), Campus Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- * E-mail: (AV); (CM)
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19
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Midfrontal theta as moderator between beta oscillations and precision control. Neuroimage 2021; 235:118022. [PMID: 33836271 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Control of movements using visual information is crucial for many daily activities, and such visuomotor control has been revealed to be supported by alpha and beta cortical oscillations. However, it has been remained to be unclear how midfrontal theta and occipital gamma oscillations, which are associated with high-level cognitive functions, would be involved in this process to facilitate performance. Here we addressed this fundamental open question in healthy young adults by measuring high-density cortical activity during a precision force-matching task. We manipulated the amount of error by changing visual feedback gain (low, medium, and high visual gains) and analyzed event-related spectral perturbations. Increasing the visual feedback gain resulted in a decrease in force error and variability. There was an increase in theta synchronization in the midfrontal area and also in beta desynchronization in the sensorimotor and posterior parietal areas with higher visual feedback gains. Gamma de/synchronization was not evident during the task. In addition, we found a moderation effect of midfrontal theta on the positive relationship between the beta oscillations and force error. Subsequent simple slope analysis indicated that the effect of beta oscillations on force error was weaker when midfrontal theta was high. Our findings suggest that the midfrontal area signals the increased need of cognitive control to refine behavior by modulating the visuomotor processing at theta frequencies.
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20
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Alcohol exposure in utero disrupts cortico-striatal coordination required for behavioral flexibility. Neuropharmacology 2021; 188:108471. [PMID: 33618902 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Deficits in behavioral flexibility are a hallmark of multiple psychiatric, neurological, and substance use disorders. These deficits are often marked by decreased function of the prefrontal cortex (PFC); however, the genesis of such executive deficits remains understudied. Here we report how the most preventable cause of developmental disability, in utero exposure to alcohol, alters cortico-striatal circuit activity leading to impairments in behavioral flexibility in adulthood. We utilized a translational touch-screen task coupled with in vivo electrophysiology in adult mice to examine single unit and coordinated activity of the lateral orbital frontal cortex (OFC) and dorsolateral striatum (DS) during flexible behavior. Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) decreased OFC, and increased DS, single unit activity during reversal learning and altered the number of choice responsive neurons in both regions. PAE also decreased coordinated activity within the OFC and DS as measured by oscillatory field activity and altered spike-field coupling. Furthermore, PAE led to sustained connectivity between regions past what was seen in control animals. These findings suggest that PAE causes altered coordination within and between the OFC and DS, promoting maladaptive perseveration. Our model suggests that in optimally functioning mice OFC disengages the DS and updates the newly changed reward contingency, whereas in PAE animals, aberrant and persistent OFC to DS signaling drives behavioral inflexibility during early reversal sessions. Together, these findings demonstrate how developmental exposure alters circuit-level activity leading to behavioral deficits and suggest a critical role for coordination of neural timing during behaviors requiring executive function.
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21
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Tomassini A, Maris E, Hilt P, Fadiga L, D’Ausilio A. Visual detection is locked to the internal dynamics of cortico-motor control. PLoS Biol 2020; 18:e3000898. [PMID: 33079930 PMCID: PMC7598921 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Movements overtly sample sensory information, making sensory analysis an active-sensing process. In this study, we show that visual information sampling is not just locked to the (overt) movement dynamics but to the internal (covert) dynamics of cortico-motor control. We asked human participants to perform continuous isometric contraction while detecting unrelated and unpredictable near-threshold visual stimuli. The motor output (force) shows zero-lag coherence with brain activity (recorded via electroencephalography) in the beta-band, as previously reported. In contrast, cortical rhythms in the alpha-band systematically forerun the motor output by 200 milliseconds. Importantly, visual detection is facilitated when cortico-motor alpha (not beta) synchronization is enhanced immediately before stimulus onset, namely, at the optimal phase relationship for sensorimotor communication. These findings demonstrate an ongoing coupling between visual sampling and motor control, suggesting the operation of an internal and alpha-cycling visuomotor loop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Tomassini
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Translational Neurophysiology of Speech and Communication (CTNSC), Ferrara, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Eric Maris
- Radboud University, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Centre for Cognition (DCC), Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Pauline Hilt
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Translational Neurophysiology of Speech and Communication (CTNSC), Ferrara, Italy
| | - Luciano Fadiga
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Translational Neurophysiology of Speech and Communication (CTNSC), Ferrara, Italy
- Università di Ferrara, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Chirurgico Specialistiche, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessandro D’Ausilio
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Translational Neurophysiology of Speech and Communication (CTNSC), Ferrara, Italy
- Università di Ferrara, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Chirurgico Specialistiche, Ferrara, Italy
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22
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Allison-Walker TJ, Ann Hagan M, Chiang Price NS, Tat Wong Y. Local field potential phase modulates neural responses to intracortical electrical stimulation. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2020; 2020:3521-3524. [PMID: 33018763 DOI: 10.1109/embc44109.2020.9176186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Cortical visual prostheses could one day help restore sight to the blind by targeting the visual cortex with electrical stimulation. However, power consumption and limited spatial resolution impose limits on performance, while large amounts of electrical charge sometimes necessary to evoke phosphenes can cause seizures. Here, we propose the use of the local field potential as a control signal for the timing of stimulation to reduce charge requirements. In Sprague-Dawley rats, visual cortex was electrically stimulated at random times, and neural responses recorded. Electrical stimulation at specific phases of the local field potential required smaller amounts of charge to elicit spikes than naïve stimulation. Incorporating this into prosthesis design could improve their safety and efficacy.
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23
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Jafari Z, Kolb BE, Mohajerani MH. Neural oscillations and brain stimulation in Alzheimer's disease. Prog Neurobiol 2020; 194:101878. [PMID: 32615147 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2020.101878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Aging is associated with alterations in cognitive processing and brain neurophysiology. Whereas the primary symptom of amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) is memory problems greater than normal for age and education, patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) show impairments in other cognitive domains in addition to memory dysfunction. Resting-state electroencephalography (rsEEG) studies in physiological aging indicate a global increase in low-frequency oscillations' power and the reduction and slowing of alpha activity. The enhancement of slow and the reduction of fast oscillations, and the disruption of brain functional connectivity, however, are characterized as major rsEEG changes in AD. Recent rodent studies also support human evidence of age- and AD-related changes in resting-state brain oscillations, and the neuroprotective effect of brain stimulation techniques through gamma-band stimulations. Cumulatively, current evidence moves toward optimizing rsEEG features as reliable predictors of people with aMCI at risk for conversion to AD and mapping neural alterations subsequent to brain stimulation therapies. The present paper reviews the latest evidence of changes in rsEEG oscillations in physiological aging, aMCI, and AD, as well as findings of various brain stimulation therapies from both human and non-human studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Jafari
- Department of Neuroscience, Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Bryan E Kolb
- Department of Neuroscience, Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, T1K 3M4, Canada.
| | - Majid H Mohajerani
- Department of Neuroscience, Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, T1K 3M4, Canada.
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24
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Human group coordination in a sensorimotor task with neuron-like decision-making. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8226. [PMID: 32427875 PMCID: PMC7237467 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64091-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation of cooperative groups of agents with limited information-processing capabilities to solve complex problems together is a fundamental building principle that cuts through multiple scales in biology from groups of cells to groups of humans. Here, we study an experimental paradigm where a group of humans is joined together to solve a common sensorimotor task that cannot be achieved by a single agent but relies on the cooperation of the group. In particular, each human acts as a neuron-like binary decision-maker that determines in each moment of time whether to be active or not. Inspired by the population vector method for movement decoding, each neuron-like decision-maker is assigned a preferred movement direction that the decision-maker is ignorant about. From the population vector reflecting the group activity, the movement of a cursor is determined, and the task for the group is to steer the cursor into a predefined target. As the preferred movement directions are unknown and players are not allowed to communicate, the group has to learn a control strategy on the fly from the shared visual feedback. Performance is analyzed by learning speed and accuracy, action synchronization, and group coherence. We study four different computational models of the observed behavior, including a perceptron model, a reinforcement learning model, a Bayesian inference model and a Thompson sampling model that efficiently approximates Bayes optimal behavior. The Bayes and especially the Thompson model excel in predicting the human group behavior compared to the other models, suggesting that internal models are crucial for adaptive coordination. We discuss benefits and limitations of our paradigm regarding a better understanding of distributed information processing.
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Groff BR, Wiesman AI, Rezich MT, O'Neill J, Robertson KR, Fox HS, Swindells S, Wilson TW. Age-related visual dynamics in HIV-infected adults with cognitive impairment. NEUROLOGY(R) NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION 2020; 7:e690. [PMID: 32102916 PMCID: PMC7051212 DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000000690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether aging differentially affects neural activity serving visuospatial processing in a large functional neuroimaging study of HIV-infected participants and to determine whether such aging effects are attributable to differences in the duration of HIV infection. METHODS A total of 170 participants, including 93 uninfected controls and 77 HIV-infected participants, underwent neuropsychological assessment followed by neuroimaging with magnetoencephalography (MEG). Time-frequency analysis of the MEG data followed by advanced image reconstruction of neural oscillatory activity and whole-brain statistical analyses were used to examine interactions between age, HIV infection, and cognitive status. Post hoc testing for a mediation effect of HIV infection duration on the relationship between age and neural activity was performed using a quasi-Bayesian approximation for significance testing. RESULTS Cognitively impaired HIV-infected participants were distinguished from unimpaired HIV-infected and control participants by their unique association between age and gamma oscillations in the parieto-occipital cortex. This relationship between age and gamma was fully mediated by the duration of HIV infection in cognitively impaired participants. Impaired HIV-infected participants were also distinguished by their atypical relationship between alpha oscillations and age in the superior parietal cortex. CONCLUSIONS Impaired HIV-infected participants exhibited markedly different relationships between age and neural responses in the parieto-occipital cortices relative to their peers. This suggests a differential effect of chronological aging on the neural bases of visuospatial processing in a cognitively impaired subset of HIV-infected adults. Some of these relationships were fully accounted for by differences in HIV infection duration, whereas others were more readily associated with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boman R Groff
- From the Center for Magnetoencephalography (B.R.G., A.I.W., T.W.W.), University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE; Department of Neurological Sciences (A.I.W., M.T.R., T.W.W.), UNMC, Omaha; Department of Internal Medicine (J.O.N., S.S.), Division of Infectious Diseases, UNMC; Department of Neurology (K.R.R.), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC; and Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience (H.S.F.), UNMC, Omaha, NE
| | - Alex I Wiesman
- From the Center for Magnetoencephalography (B.R.G., A.I.W., T.W.W.), University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE; Department of Neurological Sciences (A.I.W., M.T.R., T.W.W.), UNMC, Omaha; Department of Internal Medicine (J.O.N., S.S.), Division of Infectious Diseases, UNMC; Department of Neurology (K.R.R.), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC; and Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience (H.S.F.), UNMC, Omaha, NE
| | - Michael T Rezich
- From the Center for Magnetoencephalography (B.R.G., A.I.W., T.W.W.), University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE; Department of Neurological Sciences (A.I.W., M.T.R., T.W.W.), UNMC, Omaha; Department of Internal Medicine (J.O.N., S.S.), Division of Infectious Diseases, UNMC; Department of Neurology (K.R.R.), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC; and Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience (H.S.F.), UNMC, Omaha, NE
| | - Jennifer O'Neill
- From the Center for Magnetoencephalography (B.R.G., A.I.W., T.W.W.), University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE; Department of Neurological Sciences (A.I.W., M.T.R., T.W.W.), UNMC, Omaha; Department of Internal Medicine (J.O.N., S.S.), Division of Infectious Diseases, UNMC; Department of Neurology (K.R.R.), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC; and Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience (H.S.F.), UNMC, Omaha, NE
| | - Kevin R Robertson
- From the Center for Magnetoencephalography (B.R.G., A.I.W., T.W.W.), University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE; Department of Neurological Sciences (A.I.W., M.T.R., T.W.W.), UNMC, Omaha; Department of Internal Medicine (J.O.N., S.S.), Division of Infectious Diseases, UNMC; Department of Neurology (K.R.R.), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC; and Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience (H.S.F.), UNMC, Omaha, NE
| | - Howard S Fox
- From the Center for Magnetoencephalography (B.R.G., A.I.W., T.W.W.), University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE; Department of Neurological Sciences (A.I.W., M.T.R., T.W.W.), UNMC, Omaha; Department of Internal Medicine (J.O.N., S.S.), Division of Infectious Diseases, UNMC; Department of Neurology (K.R.R.), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC; and Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience (H.S.F.), UNMC, Omaha, NE
| | - Susan Swindells
- From the Center for Magnetoencephalography (B.R.G., A.I.W., T.W.W.), University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE; Department of Neurological Sciences (A.I.W., M.T.R., T.W.W.), UNMC, Omaha; Department of Internal Medicine (J.O.N., S.S.), Division of Infectious Diseases, UNMC; Department of Neurology (K.R.R.), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC; and Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience (H.S.F.), UNMC, Omaha, NE
| | - Tony W Wilson
- From the Center for Magnetoencephalography (B.R.G., A.I.W., T.W.W.), University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE; Department of Neurological Sciences (A.I.W., M.T.R., T.W.W.), UNMC, Omaha; Department of Internal Medicine (J.O.N., S.S.), Division of Infectious Diseases, UNMC; Department of Neurology (K.R.R.), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC; and Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience (H.S.F.), UNMC, Omaha, NE.
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Chen YP, Yeh CI, Lee TC, Huang JJ, Pei YC. Relative posture between head and finger determines perceived tactile direction of motion. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5494. [PMID: 32218502 PMCID: PMC7099024 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62327-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The hand explores the environment for obtaining tactile information that can be fruitfully integrated with other functions, such as vision, audition, and movement. In theory, somatosensory signals gathered by the hand are accurately mapped in the world-centered (allocentric) reference frame such that the multi-modal information signals, whether visual-tactile or motor-tactile, are perfectly aligned. However, an accumulating body of evidence indicates that the perceived tactile orientation or direction is inaccurate; yielding a surprisingly large perceptual bias. To investigate such perceptual bias, this study presented tactile motion stimuli to healthy adult participants in a variety of finger and head postures, and requested the participants to report the perceived direction of motion mapped on a video screen placed on the frontoparallel plane in front of the eyes. Experimental results showed that the perceptual bias could be divided into systematic and nonsystematic biases. Systematic bias, defined as the mean difference between the perceived and veridical directions, correlated linearly with the relative posture between the finger and the head. By contrast, nonsystematic bias, defined as minor difference in bias for different stimulus directions, was highly individualized, phase-locked to stimulus orientation presented on the skin. Overall, the present findings on systematic bias indicate that the transformation bias among the reference frames is dominated by the finger-to-head posture. Moreover, the highly individualized nature of nonsystematic bias reflects how information is obtained by the orientation-selective units in the S1 cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueh-Peng Chen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Center of Vascularized Tissue Allograft, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-I Yeh
- Department of Psychology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Chi Lee
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Jia Huang
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Center of Vascularized Tissue Allograft, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Pei
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan. .,Center of Vascularized Tissue Allograft, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan. .,School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. .,Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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27
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Sanchez-Carpintero R, Urrestarazu E, Cieza S, Alegre M, Artieda J, Crespo-Eguilaz N, Valencia M. Abnormal brain gamma oscillations in response to auditory stimulation in Dravet syndrome. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2020; 24:134-141. [PMID: 31879226 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2019.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the capability of children with Dravet syndrome to generate brain γ-oscillatory activity in response to auditory steady-state stimulation. METHODS Fifty-one subjects were included: 13 with Dravet syndrome with SCN1A gene alterations, 26 with non-Dravet epilepsies and 12 healthy controls. Responses to auditory steady-state stimulation elicited with a chirp-modulated tone between 1 and 120 Hz were collected in subjects and compared across groups. RESULTS Subjects with Dravet syndrome showed weak or no responses in the 1-120 Hz frequency range. Healthy controls showed oscillatory responses following the frequency of the modulation that were maximal in the low (30-70 Hz) and high (80-120) γ-ranges both, in the power and inter-trial coherence estimates. Non-Dravet epileptic children showed differences in the auditory responses when compared with the healthy controls but were able to generate oscillatory evoked activities following the frequency-varying stimulation. CONCLUSIONS The ability to generate brain γ-oscillatory activity of children with Dravet in response to a chirp-modulated auditory stimulus is highly impaired, is not due to epilepsy and is consistent with the Nav1.1 channel dysfunction affecting interneuron activity seen in Dravet mouse models. SIGNIFICANCE The reported deficits in the brain oscillatory activity evoked by chirp modulated tones in children with Dravet is compatible with Dravet syndrome disease mechanisms and constitutes a potential biomarker for future disease-modifying interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocio Sanchez-Carpintero
- Pediatric Neurology Unit. Department of Pediatrics. Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Elena Urrestarazu
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain; Neurophysiology Department, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Sofía Cieza
- Neurophysiology Department, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Manuel Alegre
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain; Neurophysiology Department, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Julio Artieda
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain; Neurophysiology Department, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Nerea Crespo-Eguilaz
- Pediatric Neurology Unit. Department of Pediatrics. Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Miguel Valencia
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain; University of Navarra, Neuroscience Program, CIMA, Pamplona, Spain.
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Marquardt K, Cavanagh JF, Brigman JL. Alcohol exposure in utero disrupts cortico-striatal coordination required for behavioral flexibility. Neuropharmacology 2019; 162:107832. [PMID: 31678398 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.107832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Deficits in behavioral flexibility are a hallmark of multiple psychiatric, neurological, and substance use disorders. These deficits are often marked by decreased function of the prefrontal cortex (PFC); however, the genesis of such executive deficits remains understudied. Here we report how the most preventable cause of developmental disability, in utero exposure to alcohol, alters cortico-striatal circuit activity leading to impairments in behavioral flexibility in adulthood. We utilized a translational touch-screen task coupled with in vivo electrophysiology in adult mice to examine single unit and coordinated activity of the lateral orbital frontal cortex (OFC) and dorsolateral striatum (DS) during flexible behavior. Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) decreased OFC, and increased DS, single unit activity during reversal learning and altered the number of choice responsive neurons in both regions. PAE also decreased coordinated activity within the OFC and DS as measured by oscillatory field activity and altered spike-field coupling. Furthermore, PAE led to sustained connectivity between regions past what was seen in control animals. These findings suggest that PAE causes altered coordination within and between the OFC and DS, promoting maladaptive perseveration. Our model suggests that in optimally functioning mice OFC disengages the DS and updates the newly changed reward contingency, whereas in PAE animals, aberrant and persistent OFC to DS signaling drives behavioral inflexibility during early reversal sessions. Together, these findings demonstrate how developmental exposure alters circuit-level activity leading to behavioral deficits and suggest a critical role for coordination of neural timing during behaviors requiring executive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Marquardt
- Department of Neurosciences, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - James F Cavanagh
- Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Jonathan L Brigman
- Department of Neurosciences, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA; New Mexico Alcohol Research Center, UNM Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
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Isomura T, Parr T, Friston K. Bayesian Filtering with Multiple Internal Models: Toward a Theory of Social Intelligence. Neural Comput 2019; 31:2390-2431. [PMID: 31614100 DOI: 10.1162/neco_a_01239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
To exhibit social intelligence, animals have to recognize whom they are communicating with. One way to make this inference is to select among internal generative models of each conspecific who may be encountered. However, these models also have to be learned via some form of Bayesian belief updating. This induces an interesting problem: When receiving sensory input generated by a particular conspecific, how does an animal know which internal model to update? We consider a theoretical and neurobiologically plausible solution that enables inference and learning of the processes that generate sensory inputs (e.g., listening and understanding) and reproduction of those inputs (e.g., talking or singing), under multiple generative models. This is based on recent advances in theoretical neurobiology-namely, active inference and post hoc (online) Bayesian model selection. In brief, this scheme fits sensory inputs under each generative model. Model parameters are then updated in proportion to the probability that each model could have generated the input (i.e., model evidence). The proposed scheme is demonstrated using a series of (real zebra finch) birdsongs, where each song is generated by several different birds. The scheme is implemented using physiologically plausible models of birdsong production. We show that generalized Bayesian filtering, combined with model selection, leads to successful learning across generative models, each possessing different parameters. These results highlight the utility of having multiple internal models when making inferences in social environments with multiple sources of sensory information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Isomura
- Laboratory for Neural Computation and Adaptation, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Thomas Parr
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, WC1N 3AR, U.K.
| | - Karl Friston
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, WC1N 3AR, U.K.
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30
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Nakamura JP, Schroeder A, Hudson M, Jones N, Gillespie B, Du X, Notaras M, Swaminathan V, Reay WR, Atkins JR, Green MJ, Carr VJ, Cairns MJ, Sundram S, Hill RA. The maternal immune activation model uncovers a role for the Arx gene in GABAergic dysfunction in schizophrenia. Brain Behav Immun 2019; 81:161-171. [PMID: 31175998 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A hallmark feature of schizophrenia is altered high frequency neural oscillations, including reduced auditory-evoked gamma oscillatory power, which is underpinned by parvalbumin (PV) interneuron dysfunction. Maternal immune activation (MIA) in rodents models an environmental risk factor for schizophrenia and recapitulates these PV interneuron changes. This study sought to link reduced PV expression in the MIA model with alterations to auditory-evoked gamma oscillations and transcript expression. We further aligned transcriptional findings from the animal model with human genome sequencing data. We show that MIA, induced by the viral mimetic, poly-I:C in C57Bl/6 mice, caused in adult offspring reduced auditory-evoked gamma and theta oscillatory power paralleled by reduced PV protein levels. We then showed the Arx gene, critical to healthy neurodevelopment of PV interneurons, is reduced in the forebrain of MIA exposed mice. Finally, in a whole-genome sequenced patient cohort, we identified a novel missense mutation of ARX in a patient with schizophrenia and in the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium 2 cohort, a nominal association of proximal ARX SNPs with the disorder. This suggests MIA, as a risk factor for schizophrenia, may be influencing Arx expression to induce the GABAergic dysfunction seen in schizophrenia and that the ARX gene may play a role in the prenatal origins of schizophrenia pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay P Nakamura
- Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Anna Schroeder
- Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Matthew Hudson
- University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia; Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Nigel Jones
- University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia; Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Brendan Gillespie
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Xin Du
- Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Michael Notaras
- Centre for Neurogenetics, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York 10021, USA
| | - Vaidy Swaminathan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - William R Reay
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Joshua R Atkins
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Melissa J Green
- School of Psychiatry, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA), Barker St, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - Vaughan J Carr
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia; School of Psychiatry, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA), Barker St, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - Murray J Cairns
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Suresh Sundram
- Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia; University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia; Monash Medical Centre, Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Rachel A Hill
- Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia.
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31
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Invalidly cued targets are well localized when detected. Atten Percept Psychophys 2019; 81:1757-1766. [DOI: 10.3758/s13414-019-01793-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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32
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Benedetto A, Morrone MC, Tomassini A. The Common Rhythm of Action and Perception. J Cogn Neurosci 2019; 32:187-200. [PMID: 31210564 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_01436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Research in the last decade has undermined the idea of perception as a continuous process, providing strong empirical support for its rhythmic modulation. More recently, it has been revealed that the ongoing motor processes influence the rhythmic sampling of sensory information. In this review, we will focus on a growing body of evidence suggesting that oscillation-based mechanisms may structure the dynamic interplay between the motor and sensory system and provide a unified temporal frame for their effective coordination. We will describe neurophysiological data, primarily collected in animals, showing phase-locking of neuronal oscillations to the onset of (eye) movements. These data are complemented by novel evidence in humans, which demonstrate the behavioral relevance of these oscillatory modulations and their domain-general nature. Finally, we will discuss the possible implications of these modulations for action-perception coupling mechanisms.
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Marquardt K, Josey M, Kenton JA, Cavanagh JF, Holmes A, Brigman JL. Impaired cognitive flexibility following NMDAR-GluN2B deletion is associated with altered orbitofrontal-striatal function. Neuroscience 2019; 404:338-352. [PMID: 30742964 PMCID: PMC6455963 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.01.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
A common feature across neuropsychiatric disorders is inability to discontinue an action or thought once it has become detrimental. Reversal learning, a hallmark of executive control, requires plasticity within cortical, striatal and limbic circuits and is highly sensitive to disruption of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) function. In particular, selective deletion or antagonism of GluN2B containing NMDARs in cortical regions including the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), promotes maladaptive perseveration. It remains unknown whether GluN2B functions to maintain local cortical activity necessary for reversal learning, or if it exerts a broader influence on the integration of neural activity across cortical and subcortical systems. To address this question, we utilized in vivo electrophysiology to record neuronal activity and local field potentials (LFP) in the orbitofrontal cortex and dorsal striatum (dS) of mice with deletion of GluN2B in neocortical and hippocampal principal cells while they performed touchscreen reversal learning. Reversal impairment produced by corticohippocampal GluN2B deletion was paralleled by an aberrant increase in functional connectivity between the OFC and dS. These alterations in coordination were associated with alterations in local OFC and dS firing activity. These data demonstrate highly dynamic patterns of cortical and striatal activity concomitant with reversal learning, and reveal GluN2B as a molecular mechanism underpinning the timing of these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Marquardt
- Department of Neurosciences, University of New, Mexico, School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM
| | - Megan Josey
- Department of Neurosciences, University of New, Mexico, School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM
| | - Johnny A Kenton
- Department of Neurosciences, University of New, Mexico, School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM
| | | | - Andrew Holmes
- Laboratory of Behavioral and Genomic Neuroscience, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jonathan L Brigman
- Department of Neurosciences, University of New, Mexico, School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM; New, Mexico, Alcohol Research Center, UNM Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM.
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Zanos S, Rembado I, Chen D, Fetz EE. Phase-Locked Stimulation during Cortical Beta Oscillations Produces Bidirectional Synaptic Plasticity in Awake Monkeys. Curr Biol 2018; 28:2515-2526.e4. [PMID: 30100342 PMCID: PMC6108550 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2018.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The functional role of cortical beta oscillations, if any, remains unresolved. During oscillations, the periodic fluctuation in excitability of entrained cells modulates transmission of neural impulses and periodically enhances synaptic interactions. The extent to which oscillatory episodes affect activity-dependent synaptic plasticity remains to be determined. In nonhuman primates, we delivered single-pulse electrical cortical stimulation to a "stimulated" site in sensorimotor cortex triggered on a specific phase of ongoing beta (12-25 Hz) field potential oscillations recorded at a separate "triggering" site. Corticocortical connectivity from the stimulated to the triggering site as well as to other (non-triggering) sites was assessed by cortically evoked potentials elicited by test stimuli to the stimulated site, delivered outside of oscillatory episodes. In separate experiments, connectivity was assessed by intracellular recordings of evoked excitatory postsynaptic potentials. The conditioning paradigm produced transient (1-2 s long) changes in connectivity between the stimulated and the triggering site that outlasted the duration of the oscillatory episodes. The direction of the plasticity effect depended on the phase from which stimulation was triggered: potentiation in depolarizing phases, depression in hyperpolarizing phases. Plasticity effects were also seen at non-triggering sites that exhibited oscillations synchronized with those at the triggering site. These findings indicate that cortical beta oscillations provide a spatial and temporal substrate for short-term, activity-dependent synaptic plasticity in primate neocortex and may help explain the role of oscillations in attention, learning, and cortical reorganization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stavros Zanos
- Center for Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset NY 11030, USA; Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Washington, 1705 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
| | - Irene Rembado
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Washington, 1705 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
| | - Daofen Chen
- Division of Neuroscience, National Institutes of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, 6001 Executive Boulevard, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Eberhard E Fetz
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Washington, 1705 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
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Huang Y, Zhang J, Cui Y, Yang G, Liu Q, Yin G. Sensor Level Functional Connectivity Topography Comparison Between Different References Based EEG and MEG. Front Behav Neurosci 2018; 12:96. [PMID: 29867395 PMCID: PMC5962879 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2018.00096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensor-level functional connectivity topography (sFCT) contributes significantly to our understanding of brain networks. sFCT can be constructed using either electroencephalography (EEG) or magnetoencephalography (MEG). Here, we compared sFCT within the EEG modality and between EEG and MEG modalities. We first used simulations to look at how different EEG references-including the Reference Electrode Standardization Technique (REST), average reference (AR), linked mastoids (LM), and left mastoid references (LR)-affect EEG-based sFCT. The results showed that REST decreased the reference effects on scalp EEG recordings, making REST-based sFCT closer to the ground truth (sFCT based on ideal recordings). For the inter-modality simulation comparisons, we compared each type of EEG-sFCT with MEG-sFCT using three metrics to quantize the differences: Relative Error (RE), Overlap Rate (OR), and Hamming Distance (HD). When two sFCTs are similar, RE and HD are low, while OR is high. Results showed that among all reference schemes, EEG-and MEG-sFCT were most similar when the EEG was REST-based and the EEG and MEG were recorded simultaneously. Next, we analyzed simultaneously recorded MEG and EEG data from publicly available face-recognition experiments using a similar procedure as in the simulations. The results showed (1) if MEG-sFCT is the standard, REST-and LM-based sFCT provided results closer to this standard in the terms of HD; (2) REST-based sFCT and MEG-sFCT had the highest similarity in terms of RE; (3) REST-based sFCT had the most overlapping edges with MEG-sFCT in terms of OR. This study thus provides new insights into the effect of different reference schemes on sFCT and the similarity between MEG and EEG in terms of sFCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzhi Huang
- College of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junpeng Zhang
- College of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan Cui
- Computer Teaching and Research Section, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Gang Yang
- College of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qi Liu
- College of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guangfu Yin
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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36
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Chaves-Coira I, Rodrigo-Angulo ML, Nuñez A. Bilateral Pathways from the Basal Forebrain to Sensory Cortices May Contribute to Synchronous Sensory Processing. Front Neuroanat 2018; 12:5. [PMID: 29410616 PMCID: PMC5787133 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2018.00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Sensory processing in the cortex should integrate inputs arriving from receptive fields located on both sides of the body. This role could be played by the corpus callosum through precise projections between both hemispheres. However, different studies suggest that cholinergic projections from the basal forebrain (BF) could also contribute to the synchronization and integration of cortical activities. Using tracer injections and optogenetic techniques in transgenic mice, we investigated whether the BF cells project bilaterally to sensory cortical areas, and have provided anatomical evidence to support a modulatory role for the cholinergic projections in sensory integration. Application of the retrograde tracer Fluor-Gold or Fast Blue in both hemispheres of the primary somatosensory (S1), auditory or visual cortical areas showed labeled neurons in the ipsi- and contralateral areas of the diagonal band of Broca and substantia innominata. The nucleus basalis magnocellularis only showed ipsilateral projections to the cortex. Optogenetic stimulation of the horizontal limb of the diagonal band of Broca facilitated whisker responses in the S1 cortex of both hemispheres through activation of muscarinic cholinergic receptors and this effect was diminished by atropine injection. In conclusion, our findings have revealed that specific areas of the BF project bilaterally to sensory cortices and may contribute to the coordination of neuronal activity on both hemispheres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Chaves-Coira
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Margarita L Rodrigo-Angulo
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Angel Nuñez
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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37
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Functional connectivity between anterior cingulate cortex and orbitofrontal cortex during value-based decision making. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2018; 147:74-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2017.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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38
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Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder associated with KChIP1 rs1541665 in Kv channels accessory proteins. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188678. [PMID: 29176790 PMCID: PMC5703492 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is an early onset childhood neurodevelopmental disorder with high heritability. A number of genetic risk factors and environment factors have been implicated in the pathogenesis of ADHD. Genes encoding for subtypes of voltage-dependent K channels (Kv) and accessory proteins to these channels have been identified in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of ADHD. We conducted a two-stage case–control study to investigate the associations between five key genes (KChIP4, KChIP1, DPP10, FHIT, and KCNC1) and the risk of developing ADHD. In the discovery stage comprising 256 cases and 372 controls, KChIP1 rs1541665 and FHIT rs3772475 were identified; they were further genotyped in the validation stage containing 328cases and 431 controls.KChIP1 rs1541665 showed significant association with a risk of ADHD at both stages, with CC vs TT odds ratio (OR) = 1.961, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.366–2.497, in combined analyses (P-FDR = 0.007). Moreover, we also found rs1541665 involvement in ADHD-I subtype (OR (95% CI) = 2.341(1.713, 3.282), and Hyperactive index score (P = 0.005) in combined samples.Intriguingly, gene-environmental interactions analysis consistently revealed the potential interactionsof rs1541665 collaboratingwith maternal stress pregnancy (Pmul = 0.021) and blood lead (Padd = 0.017) to modify ADHD risk. In conclusion, the current study provides evidence that genetic variants of Kv accessory proteins may contribute to the susceptibility of ADHD.Further studies with different ethnicitiesare warranted to produce definitive conclusions.
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Hauck M, Schröder S, Meyer-Hamme G, Lorenz J, Friedrichs S, Nolte G, Gerloff C, Engel AK. Acupuncture analgesia involves modulation of pain-induced gamma oscillations and cortical network connectivity. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16307. [PMID: 29176684 PMCID: PMC5701238 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13633-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies support the view that cortical sensory, limbic and executive networks and the autonomic nervous system might interact in distinct manners under the influence of acupuncture to modulate pain. We performed a double-blind crossover design study to investigate subjective ratings, EEG and ECG following experimental laser pain under the influence of sham and verum acupuncture in 26 healthy volunteers. We analyzed neuronal oscillations and inter-regional coherence in the gamma band of 128-channel-EEG recordings as well as heart rate variability (HRV) on two experimental days. Pain ratings and pain-induced gamma oscillations together with vagally-mediated power in the high-frequency bandwidth (vmHF) of HRV decreased significantly stronger during verum than sham acupuncture. Gamma oscillations were localized in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), mid-cingulate cortex (MCC), primary somatosensory cortex and insula. Reductions of pain ratings and vmHF-power were significantly correlated with increase of connectivity between the insula and MCC. In contrast, connectivity between left and right PFC and between PFC and insula correlated positively with vmHF-power without a relationship to acupuncture analgesia. Overall, these findings highlight the influence of the insula in integrating activity in limbic-saliency networks with vagally mediated homeostatic control to mediate antinociception under the influence of acupuncture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hauck
- Department of Neurophysiology and Pathophysiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sven Schröder
- HanseMerkur Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine at the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Gesa Meyer-Hamme
- HanseMerkur Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine at the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Lorenz
- Faculty of Life Science, Laboratory of Human Biology and Physiology, Applied Science University, 21033, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sunja Friedrichs
- Department of Neurophysiology and Pathophysiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.,HanseMerkur Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine at the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Guido Nolte
- Department of Neurophysiology and Pathophysiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Gerloff
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas K Engel
- Department of Neurophysiology and Pathophysiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
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Wang C, Costanzo ME, Rapp PE, Darmon D, Nathan DE, Bashirelahi K, Pham DL, Roy MJ, Keyser DO. Disrupted Gamma Synchrony after Mild Traumatic Brain Injury and Its Correlation with White Matter Abnormality. Front Neurol 2017; 8:571. [PMID: 29163337 PMCID: PMC5670344 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2017.00571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) has been firmly associated with disrupted white matter integrity due to induced white matter damage and degeneration. However, comparatively less is known about the changes of the intrinsic functional connectivity mediated via neural synchronization in the brain after mTBI. Moreover, despite the presumed link between structural and functional connectivity, no existing studies in mTBI have demonstrated clear association between the structural abnormality of white matter axons and the disruption of neural synchronization. To investigate these questions, we recorded resting state EEG and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) from a cohort of military service members. A newly developed synchronization measure, the weighted phase lag index was applied on the EEG data for estimating neural synchronization. Fractional anisotropy was computed from the DTI data for estimating white matter integrity. Fifteen service members with a history of mTBI within the past 3 years were compared to 22 demographically similar controls who reported no history of head injury. We observed that synchronization at low-gamma frequency band (25–40 Hz) across scalp regions was significantly decreased in mTBI cases compared with controls. The synchronization in theta (4–7 Hz), alpha (8–13 Hz), and beta (15–23 Hz) frequency bands were not significantly different between the two groups. In addition, we found that across mTBI cases, the disrupted synchronization at low-gamma frequency was significantly correlated with the white matter integrity of the inferior cerebellar peduncle, which was also significantly reduced in the mTBI group. These findings demonstrate an initial correlation between the impairment of white matter integrity and alterations in EEG synchronization in the brain after mTBI. The results also suggest that disruption of intrinsic neural synchronization at low-gamma frequency may be a characteristic functional pathology following mTBI and may prove useful for developing better methods of diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Traumatic Injury Research Program, Department of Military and Emergency Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States.,The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Michelle E Costanzo
- The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, United States.,Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Paul E Rapp
- Traumatic Injury Research Program, Department of Military and Emergency Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - David Darmon
- Traumatic Injury Research Program, Department of Military and Emergency Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States.,The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Dominic E Nathan
- Traumatic Injury Research Program, Department of Military and Emergency Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States.,The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, United States.,Graduate School of Nursing, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Kylee Bashirelahi
- Traumatic Injury Research Program, Department of Military and Emergency Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States.,The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Dzung L Pham
- Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Michael J Roy
- Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - David O Keyser
- Traumatic Injury Research Program, Department of Military and Emergency Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
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Lea-Carnall CA, Trujillo-Barreto NJ, Montemurro MA, El-Deredy W, Parkes LM. Evidence for frequency-dependent cortical plasticity in the human brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:8871-8876. [PMID: 28765375 PMCID: PMC5565407 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1620988114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Frequency-dependent plasticity (FDP) describes adaptation at the synapse in response to stimulation at different frequencies. Its consequence on the structure and function of cortical networks is unknown. We tested whether cortical "resonance," favorable stimulation frequencies at which the sensory cortices respond maximally, influenced the impact of FDP on perception, functional topography, and connectivity of the primary somatosensory cortex using psychophysics and functional imaging (fMRI). We costimulated two digits on the hand synchronously at, above, or below the resonance frequency of the somatosensory cortex, and tested subjects' accuracy and speed on tactile localization before and after costimulation. More errors and slower response times followed costimulation at above- or below-resonance, respectively. Response times were faster after at-resonance costimulation. In the fMRI, the cortical representations of the two digits costimulated above-resonance shifted closer, potentially accounting for the poorer performance. Costimulation at-resonance did not shift the digit regions, but increased the functional coupling between them, potentially accounting for the improved response time. To relate these results to synaptic plasticity, we simulated a network of oscillators incorporating Hebbian learning. Two neighboring patches embedded in a cortical sheet, mimicking the two digit regions, were costimulated at different frequencies. Network activation outside the stimulated patches was greatest at above-resonance frequencies, reproducing the spread of digit representations seen with fMRI. Connection strengths within the patches increased following at-resonance costimulation, reproducing the increased fMRI connectivity. We show that FDP extends to the cortical level and is influenced by cortical resonance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline A Lea-Carnall
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom;
| | - Nelson J Trujillo-Barreto
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Marcelo A Montemurro
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Wael El-Deredy
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Valparaiso, Valparaiso 2366103, Chile
| | - Laura M Parkes
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
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42
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GABA B receptor modulation — to B or not to be B a pro-cognitive medicine? Curr Opin Pharmacol 2017; 35:125-132. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2017.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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43
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Huang Y, Zhang J, Cui Y, Yang G, He L, Liu Q, Yin G. How Different EEG References Influence Sensor Level Functional Connectivity Graphs. Front Neurosci 2017; 11:368. [PMID: 28725175 PMCID: PMC5496954 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Highlights: Hamming Distance is applied to distinguish the difference of functional connectivity networkThe orientations of sources are testified to influence the scalp Functional Connectivity Graph (FCG) from different references significantlyREST, the reference electrode standardization technique, is proved to have an overall stable and excellent performance in variable situations. The choice of an electroencephalograph (EEG) reference is a practical issue for the study of brain functional connectivity. To study how EEG reference influence functional connectivity estimation (FCE), this study compares the differences of FCE resulting from the different references such as REST (the reference electrode standardization technique), average reference (AR), linked mastoids (LM), and left mastoid references (LR). Simulations involve two parts. One is based on 300 dipolar pairs, which are located on the superficial cortex with a radial source direction. The other part is based on 20 dipolar pairs. In each pair, the dipoles have various orientation combinations. The relative error (RE) and Hamming distance (HD) between functional connectivity matrices of ideal recordings and that of recordings obtained with different references, are metrics to compare the differences of the scalp functional connectivity graph (FCG) derived from those two kinds of recordings. Lower RE and HD values imply more similarity between the two FCGs. Using the ideal recording (IR) as a standard, the results show that AR, LM and LR perform well only in specific conditions, i.e., AR performs stable when there is no upward component in sources' orientation. LR achieves desirable results when the sources' locations are away from left ear. LM achieves an indistinct difference with IR, i.e., when the distribution of source locations is symmetric along the line linking the two ears. However, REST not only achieves excellent performance for superficial and radial dipolar sources, but also achieves a stable and robust performance with variable source locations and orientations. Benefitting from the stable and robust performance of REST vs. other reference methods, REST might best recover the real FCG of EEG. Thus, REST based FCG may be a good candidate to compare the FCG of EEG based on different references from different labs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzhi Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan UniversityChengdu, China.,School of Electrical Engineering and Information, Sichuan UniversityChengdu, China
| | - Junpeng Zhang
- School of Electrical Engineering and Information, Sichuan UniversityChengdu, China
| | - Yuan Cui
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chengdu Medical CollegeChengdu, China
| | - Gang Yang
- School of Electrical Engineering and Information, Sichuan UniversityChengdu, China
| | - Ling He
- School of Electrical Engineering and Information, Sichuan UniversityChengdu, China
| | - Qi Liu
- School of Electrical Engineering and Information, Sichuan UniversityChengdu, China
| | - Guangfu Yin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan UniversityChengdu, China
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44
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Chella F, D'Andrea A, Basti A, Pizzella V, Marzetti L. Non-linear Analysis of Scalp EEG by Using Bispectra: The Effect of the Reference Choice. Front Neurosci 2017; 11:262. [PMID: 28559790 PMCID: PMC5432555 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bispectral analysis is a signal processing technique that makes it possible to capture the non-linear and non-Gaussian properties of the EEG signals. It has found various applications in EEG research and clinical practice, including the assessment of anesthetic depth, the identification of epileptic seizures, and more recently, the evaluation of non-linear cross-frequency brain functional connectivity. However, the validity and reliability of the indices drawn from bispectral analysis of EEG signals are potentially biased by the use of a non-neutral EEG reference. The present study aims at investigating the effects of the reference choice on the analysis of the non-linear features of EEG signals through bicoherence, as well as on the estimation of cross-frequency EEG connectivity through two different non-linear measures, i.e., the cross-bicoherence and the antisymmetric cross-bicoherence. To this end, four commonly used reference schemes were considered: the vertex electrode (Cz), the digitally linked mastoids, the average reference, and the Reference Electrode Standardization Technique (REST). The reference effects were assessed both in simulations and in a real EEG experiment. The simulations allowed to investigated: (i) the effects of the electrode density on the performance of the above references in the estimation of bispectral measures; and (ii) the effects of the head model accuracy in the performance of the REST. For real data, the EEG signals recorded from 10 subjects during eyes open resting state were examined, and the distortions induced by the reference choice in the patterns of alpha-beta bicoherence, cross-bicoherence, and antisymmetric cross-bicoherence were assessed. The results showed significant differences in the findings depending on the chosen reference, with the REST providing superior performance than all the other references in approximating the ideal neutral reference. In conclusion, this study highlights the importance of considering the effects of the reference choice in the interpretation and comparison of the results of bispectral analysis of scalp EEG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Chella
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-PescaraChieti, Italy
- Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-PescaraChieti, Italy
| | - Antea D'Andrea
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-PescaraChieti, Italy
| | - Alessio Basti
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-PescaraChieti, Italy
| | - Vittorio Pizzella
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-PescaraChieti, Italy
- Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-PescaraChieti, Italy
| | - Laura Marzetti
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-PescaraChieti, Italy
- Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-PescaraChieti, Italy
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Rate and Temporal Coding Convey Multisensory Information in Primary Sensory Cortices. eNeuro 2017; 4:eN-NWR-0037-17. [PMID: 28374008 PMCID: PMC5362936 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0037-17.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Optimal behavior and survival result from integration of information across sensory systems. Modulation of network activity at the level of primary sensory cortices has been identified as a mechanism of cross-modal integration, yet its cellular substrate is still poorly understood. Here, we uncover the mechanisms by which individual neurons in primary somatosensory (S1) and visual (V1) cortices encode visual-tactile stimuli. For this, simultaneous extracellular recordings were performed from all layers of the S1 barrel field and V1 in Brown Norway rats in vivo and units were clustered and assigned to pyramidal neurons (PYRs) and interneurons (INs). We show that visual-tactile stimulation modulates the firing rate of a relatively low fraction of neurons throughout all cortical layers. Generally, it augments the firing of INs and decreases the activity of PYRs. Moreover, bimodal stimulation shapes the timing of neuronal firing by strengthening the phase-coupling between neuronal discharge and theta–beta band network oscillations as well as by modulating spiking onset. Sparse direct axonal projections between neurons in S1 and V1 seem to time the spike trains between the two cortical areas and, thus, may act as a substrate of cross-modal modulation. These results indicate that few cortical neurons mediate multisensory effects in primary sensory areas by directly encoding cross-modal information by their rate and timing of firing.
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46
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Sayegh PF, Gorbet DJ, Hawkins KM, Hoffman KL, Sergio LE. The Contribution of Different Cortical Regions to the Control of Spatially Decoupled Eye-Hand Coordination. J Cogn Neurosci 2017; 29:1194-1211. [PMID: 28253075 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_01111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Our brain's ability to flexibly control the communication between the eyes and the hand allows for our successful interaction with the objects located within our environment. This flexibility has been observed in the pattern of neural responses within key regions of the frontoparietal reach network. More specifically, our group has shown how single-unit and oscillatory activity within the dorsal premotor cortex (PMd) and the superior parietal lobule (SPL) change contingent on the level of visuomotor compatibility between the eyes and hand. Reaches that involve a coupling between the eyes and hand toward a common spatial target display a pattern of neural responses that differ from reaches that require eye-hand decoupling. Although previous work examined the altered spiking and oscillatory activity that occurs during different types of eye-hand compatibilities, they did not address how each of these measures of neurological activity interacts with one another. Thus, in an effort to fully characterize the relationship between oscillatory and single-unit activity during different types of eye-hand coordination, we measured the spike-field coherence (SFC) within regions of macaque SPL and PMd. We observed stronger SFC within PMdr and superficial regions of SPL (areas 5/PEc) during decoupled reaches, whereas PMdc and regions within SPL surrounding medial intrapareital sulcus had stronger SFC during coupled reaches. These results were supported by meta-analysis on human fMRI data. Our results support the proposal of altered cortical control during complex eye-hand coordination and highlight the necessity to account for the different eye-hand compatibilities in motor control research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Diana J Gorbet
- 1 York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,2 Canadian Action and Perception Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Kari L Hoffman
- 1 York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,2 Canadian Action and Perception Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lauren E Sergio
- 1 York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,2 Canadian Action and Perception Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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47
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Bieler M, Sieben K, Schildt S, Röder B, Hanganu-Opatz IL. Visual-tactile processing in primary somatosensory cortex emerges before cross-modal experience. Synapse 2017; 71. [PMID: 28105686 DOI: 10.1002/syn.21958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The presumptive unisensory neocortical areas process multisensory information by oscillatory entrainment of neuronal networks via direct cortico-cortical projections. While neonatal unimodal experience has been identified as necessary for setting up the neuronal networks of multisensory processing, it is still unclear whether early cross-modal experience equally controls the ontogeny of multisensory processing. Here, we assess the development of visual-somatosensory interactions and their anatomical substrate by performing extracellular recordings of network activity in primary sensory cortices in vivo and assessing the cortico-cortical connectivity in pigmented rats. Similar to adult animals, juvenile rats with minimal cross-modal experience display supra-additive augmentation of evoked responses, time-dependent modulation of power and phase reset of network oscillations in response to cross-modal light and whisker stimulation. Moreover, the neuronal discharge of individual neurons is stronger coupled to theta and alpha network oscillations after visual-tactile stimuli. The adult-like multisensory processing of juvenile rats relies on abundant direct visual-somatosensory connections and thalamocortical feedforward interactions. Thus, cellular and network interactions ensuring multisensory processing emerge before cross-modal experience and refine during juvenile development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malte Bieler
- Developmental Neurophysiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, 20251, Germany
| | - Kay Sieben
- Developmental Neurophysiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, 20251, Germany
| | - Sandra Schildt
- Developmental Neurophysiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, 20251, Germany
| | - Brigitte Röder
- Biological Psychology and Neuropsychology, University Hamburg, Hamburg, 20146, Germany
| | - Ileana L Hanganu-Opatz
- Developmental Neurophysiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, 20251, Germany
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Acetylcholine Release in Prefrontal Cortex Promotes Gamma Oscillations and Theta-Gamma Coupling during Cue Detection. J Neurosci 2017; 37:3215-3230. [PMID: 28213446 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2737-16.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The capacity for using external cues to guide behavior ("cue detection") constitutes an essential aspect of attention and goal-directed behavior. The cortical cholinergic input system, via phasic increases in prefrontal acetylcholine release, plays an essential role in attention by mediating such cue detection. However, the relationship between cholinergic signaling during cue detection and neural activity dynamics in prefrontal networks remains unclear. Here we combined subsecond measures of cholinergic signaling, neurophysiological recordings, and cholinergic receptor blockade to delineate the cholinergic contributions to prefrontal oscillations during cue detection in rats. We first confirmed that detected cues evoke phasic acetylcholine release. These cholinergic signals were coincident with increased neuronal synchrony across several frequency bands and the emergence of theta-gamma coupling. Muscarinic and nicotinic cholinergic receptors both contributed specifically to gamma synchrony evoked by detected cues, but the effects of blocking the two receptor subtypes were dissociable. Blocking nicotinic receptors primarily attenuated high-gamma oscillations occurring during the earliest phases of the cue detection process, while muscarinic (M1) receptor activity was preferentially involved in the transition from high to low gamma power that followed and corresponded to the mobilization of networks involved in cue-guided decision making. Detected cues also promoted coupling between gamma and theta oscillations, and both nicotinic and muscarinic receptor activity contributed to this process. These results indicate that acetylcholine release coordinates neural oscillations during the process of cue detection.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The capacity of learned cues to direct attention and guide responding ("cue detection") is a key component of goal-directed behavior. Rhythmic neural activity and increases in acetylcholine release in the prefrontal cortex contribute to this process; however, the relationship between these neuronal mechanisms is not well understood. Using a combination of in vivo neurochemistry, neurophysiology, and pharmacological methods, we demonstrate that cue-evoked acetylcholine release, through distinct actions at both nicotinic and muscarinic receptors, triggers a procession of neural oscillations that map onto the multiple stages of cue detection. Our data offer new insights into cholinergic function by revealing the temporally orchestrated changes in prefrontal network synchrony modulated by acetylcholine release during cue detection.
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Amat-Foraster M, Leiser SC, Herrik KF, Richard N, Agerskov C, Bundgaard C, Bastlund JF, de Jong IE. The 5-HT6 receptor antagonist idalopirdine potentiates the effects of donepezil on gamma oscillations in the frontal cortex of anesthetized and awake rats without affecting sleep-wake architecture. Neuropharmacology 2017; 113:45-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 08/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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50
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Wang D, Sun Y. The pairwise phase consistency in cortical network and its relationship with neuronal activation. BIO WEB OF CONFERENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/20170802006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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