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Jalal A, da Silva Oliveira CE, Galindo FS, Rosa PAL, Gato IMB, de Lima BH, Teixeira Filho MCM. Regulatory Mechanisms of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria and Plant Nutrition against Abiotic Stresses in Brassicaceae Family. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:211. [PMID: 36676160 PMCID: PMC9860783 DOI: 10.3390/life13010211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Extreme environmental conditions, such as abiotic stresses (drought, salinity, heat, chilling and intense light), offer great opportunities to study how different microorganisms and plant nutrition can influence plant growth and development. The intervention of biological agents such as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs) coupled with proper plant nutrition can improve the agricultural importance of different plant species. Brassicaceae (Cruciferae) belongs to the monophyletic taxon and consists of around 338 genera and 3709 species worldwide. Brassicaceae is composed of several important species of economical, ornamental and food crops (vegetables, cooking oils, forage, condiments and industrial species). Sustainable production of Brassicas plants has been compromised over the years due to several abiotic stresses and the unbalanced utilization of chemical fertilizers and uncertified chemicals that ultimately affect the environment and human health. This chapter summarized the influence of PGPRs and nutrient management in the Brassicaceae family against abiotic stresses. The use of PGPRs contributed to combating climate-induced change/abiotic factors such as drought, soil and water salinization and heavy metal contamination that limits the general performance of plants. Brassica is widely utilized as an oil and vegetable crop and is harshly affected by abiotic stresses. Therefore, the use of PGPRs along with proper mineral nutrients management is a possible strategy to cope with abiotic stresses by improving biochemical, physiological and growth attributes and the production of brassica in an eco-friendly environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshad Jalal
- Department of Plant Health, Rural Engineering, and Soils, Campus of Ilha Solteira, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Av. Brasil, 56- Centro, Ilha Solteira 15385-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo da Silva Oliveira
- Department of Plant Health, Rural Engineering, and Soils, Campus of Ilha Solteira, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Av. Brasil, 56- Centro, Ilha Solteira 15385-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernando Shintate Galindo
- Faculty of Agricultural and Technological Sciences, Campus of Dracena, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Dracena 17900-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Poliana Aparecida Leonel Rosa
- Department of Plant Health, Rural Engineering, and Soils, Campus of Ilha Solteira, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Av. Brasil, 56- Centro, Ilha Solteira 15385-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Isabela Martins Bueno Gato
- Department of Plant Health, Rural Engineering, and Soils, Campus of Ilha Solteira, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Av. Brasil, 56- Centro, Ilha Solteira 15385-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruno Horschut de Lima
- Department of Plant Health, Rural Engineering, and Soils, Campus of Ilha Solteira, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Av. Brasil, 56- Centro, Ilha Solteira 15385-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Carvalho Minhoto Teixeira Filho
- Department of Plant Health, Rural Engineering, and Soils, Campus of Ilha Solteira, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Av. Brasil, 56- Centro, Ilha Solteira 15385-000, SP, Brazil
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Pompka A, Szulińska E, Kafel A. Starvation and cadmium affect energy reserves and oxidative stress in individuals of Spodoptera exigua. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 31:1346-1355. [PMID: 36173496 PMCID: PMC9652202 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-022-02588-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Different factors, such as starvation and metal exposure, may affect development and cause oxidative stress in insects. Some host plants may contain a high concentration of cadmium due to their hyperaccumulating property. The negative effects of metals and hunger may be manifested by low availability of energetic substrates. This study aimed to assess whether the insect population with a history of long metal exposure may better manage metal stress or/and starvation at different developmental stages, with the use of energetic substrates. Two strains of Spodoptera exigua model organism were tested: control strain and cadmium strain (treated continuously for over 200 generations with subtoxic amounts of cadmium). The effects of different factors, individually and in combination, on the tested strains were assessed, first by determining the body weight of larvae and pupae and then by estimating the concentration of biomolecules (proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, or glycogen) in the 4th and 5th larval stages and in pupae, and the total antioxidant capacity and lipid peroxidation level in the 4th larval stage. Compared to control strain, cadmium strain individuals exhibited changes in the concentration of soluble carbohydrates and protein. This was partly related to earlier 1-day starvation. In particular, changes in carbohydrate concentration seemed to be a sensitive biomarker of metal stress, independent of the age of individuals and period of starvation. However, the increase in the total antioxidant capacity and the concentration of lipid peroxidation products in the 4th larval stage under the effect of cadmium was dependent on strain origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Pompka
- Department of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Bankowa 9, PL 40-007, Katowice, Poland.
| | - Elżbieta Szulińska
- Department of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Bankowa 9, PL 40-007, Katowice, Poland
| | - Alina Kafel
- Department of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Bankowa 9, PL 40-007, Katowice, Poland
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Advances in Plant Metabolomics and Its Applications in Stress and Single-Cell Biology. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23136985. [PMID: 35805979 PMCID: PMC9266571 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23136985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past two decades, the post-genomic era envisaged high-throughput technologies, resulting in more species with available genome sequences. In-depth multi-omics approaches have evolved to integrate cellular processes at various levels into a systems biology knowledge base. Metabolomics plays a crucial role in molecular networking to bridge the gaps between genotypes and phenotypes. However, the greater complexity of metabolites with diverse chemical and physical properties has limited the advances in plant metabolomics. For several years, applications of liquid/gas chromatography (LC/GC)-mass spectrometry (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) have been constantly developed. Recently, ion mobility spectrometry (IMS)-MS has shown utility in resolving isomeric and isobaric metabolites. Both MS and NMR combined metabolomics significantly increased the identification and quantification of metabolites in an untargeted and targeted manner. Thus, hyphenated metabolomics tools will narrow the gap between the number of metabolite features and the identified metabolites. Metabolites change in response to environmental conditions, including biotic and abiotic stress factors. The spatial distribution of metabolites across different organs, tissues, cells and cellular compartments is a trending research area in metabolomics. Herein, we review recent technological advancements in metabolomics and their applications in understanding plant stress biology and different levels of spatial organization. In addition, we discuss the opportunities and challenges in multiple stress interactions, multi-omics, and single-cell metabolomics.
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Della Mónica IF, Wong Villarreal A, Stefanoni Rubio PJ, Vaca-Paulín R, Yañez-Ocampo G. Exploring plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria as stress alleviators: a methodological insight. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:316. [PMID: 35556177 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-02909-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Rhizospheric and root-endophyte bacteria can stimulate plant growth through diverse biochemical mechanisms and pathways, particularly under biotic and abiotic stresses. For this reason, biotechnological trends on plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) application as biofertilizers, bioremediators, and stress alleviators are gaining increasing interest as ecofriendly strategies for sustainable agriculture management and soil restoration. The first steps needed to implement these technologies are isolation, screening, and characterization of PGPR that can be potentially applied as bioinoculants to alleviate biotic and/or abiotic stresses. Therefore, a complete and accurate methodological study and laboratory techniques are required to warrant the correct achievement of these steps. This review compiles and details the fundamentals, methods, and procedures of key protocols used in isolation and characterization of PGPR for plant stress alleviation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana F Della Mónica
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Micología y Botánica, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (INMIBO-CONICET), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Lab. 69, 4 Piso, Pabellón II, Ciudad Universitaria, Intendente Güiraldes 2160, 1428, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Arnoldo Wong Villarreal
- División Agroalimentaria, Universidad Tecnológica de la Selva, Ocosingo, 29950, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Pablo J Stefanoni Rubio
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Micología y Botánica, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (INMIBO-CONICET), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Lab. 69, 4 Piso, Pabellón II, Ciudad Universitaria, Intendente Güiraldes 2160, 1428, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rocío Vaca-Paulín
- Laboratorio de Edafología y Ambiente, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, 50000, Toluca, Estado de México, México
| | - Gustavo Yañez-Ocampo
- Laboratorio de Edafología y Ambiente, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, 50000, Toluca, Estado de México, México.
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Liu Z, Wang H, Lv J, Luo S, Hu L, Wang J, Li L, Zhang G, Xie J, Yu J. Effects of Plant Hormones, Metal Ions, Salinity, Sugar, and Chemicals Pollution on Glucosinolate Biosynthesis in Cruciferous Plant. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:856442. [PMID: 35574082 PMCID: PMC9096887 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.856442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cruciferous vegetable crops are grown widely around the world, which supply a multitude of health-related micronutrients, phytochemicals, and antioxidant compounds. Glucosinolates (GSLs) are specialized metabolites found widely in cruciferous vegetables, which are not only related to flavor formation but also have anti-cancer, disease-resistance, and insect-resistance properties. The content and components of GSLs in the Cruciferae are not only related to genotypes and environmental factors but also are influenced by hormones, plant growth regulators, and mineral elements. This review discusses the effects of different exogenous substances on the GSL content and composition, and analyzes the molecular mechanism by which these substances regulate the biosynthesis of GSLs. Based on the current research status, future research directions are also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeci Liu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Huiping Wang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jian Lv
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shilei Luo
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Linli Hu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jie Wang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lushan Li
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Guobin Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jianming Xie
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jihua Yu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
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Mužek MN, Burčul F, Omanović D, Đulović A, Svilović S, Blažević I. Rocket ( Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.) vs. Copper: The Dose Makes the Poison? Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27030711. [PMID: 35163976 PMCID: PMC8838321 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of copper addition, from various adsorbents, on the accumulation ability and glucosinolate content of cultivated rocket were studied. Different adsorbents (zeolite NaX, egg shells, substrate, fly ash) were treated with copper(II) solution with an adsorption efficiency of 98.36, 96.67, 51.82 and 39.13%, respectively. The lowest copper content and the highest total glucosinolate content (44.37 μg/g DW and 4269.31 µg/g DW, respectively) were detected in the rocket grown in the substrate with the addition of a substrate spiked with copper(II) ions. Rocket grown in the fly ash-substrate mixture showed an increase in copper content (84.98 μg/g DW) and the lowest total glucosinolate content (2545.71 µg/g DW). On the other hand, when using the egg shells-substrate mixture, the rocket copper content increased (113.34 μg/g DW) along with the total GSLs content (3780.03 µg/g DW), indicating the influence of an adsorbent type in addition to the copper uptake. The highest copper content of 498.56 μg/g DW was detected in the rocket watered with copper(II) solution with a notable decrease in the glucosinolate content, i.e., 2699.29 µg/g DW. According to these results rocket can be considered as a copper accumulator plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Nikola Mužek
- Department of Inorganic Technology, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 35, 21000 Split, Croatia
- Correspondence: (M.N.M.); (F.B.)
| | - Franko Burčul
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 35, 21000 Split, Croatia
- Correspondence: (M.N.M.); (F.B.)
| | - Dario Omanović
- Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Traces, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Azra Đulović
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 35, 21000 Split, Croatia; (A.Đ.); (I.B.)
| | - Sandra Svilović
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 35, 21000 Split, Croatia;
| | - Ivica Blažević
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 35, 21000 Split, Croatia; (A.Đ.); (I.B.)
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Xie YF, Zhang RX, Qin LJ, Song LL, Zhao DG, Xia ZM. Genome-wide identification and genetic characterization of the CaMYB family and its response to five types of heavy metal stress in hot pepper (Capsicum annuum cv. CM334). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 170:98-109. [PMID: 34863059 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
MYB proteins play a crucial role in plant growth and development and stress responses. In this study, 160 members of the MYB gene family from the pepper genome database were used to analyze gene structures, chromosome localization, collinearity, genetic affinity and expression in response to heavy metals. The results identified R2R3-MYB members and further phylogenetically classified them into 35 subgroups based on highly conserved gene structures and motifs. Collinearity analysis showed that segmental duplication events played a crucial role in the functional expansion of the CaMYB gene family by intraspecific collinearity, and at least 12 pairs of CaMYB genes existed between species prior to the differentiation between monocots and dicots. Moreover, the upstream CaMYB genes were mainly localized to the phytohormone elements ABRE and transcription factor elements MYB and MYC. Further analysis revealed that MYB transcription factors were closely associated with a variety of abiotic stress-related proteins (e.g., MAC-complex and SKIP). Under the stress of five metal ions, Cd2+, Cu2+, Pb2+, Zn2+, and Fe3+, the expression levels of some CaMYB family genes were upregulated. Of these genes, pairing homologous 1 (PH-1), PH-13, and PH-15 in the roots of Capsicum annuum were upregulated to the greatest extent, indicating that these three MYB family members are particularly sensitive to these five metals. This study provides a theoretical reference for the analysis of the molecular regulatory mechanism of MYB family genes in mediating the response to heavy metals in plants. This study reveals the mode of interaction between MYB and a variety of abiotic stress proteins and clarifies the biological functions of CaMYB family members in the regulation of heavy metal stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Feng Xie
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, PR China; Institute of Agro-Bioengineering and College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, PR China
| | | | - Li-Jun Qin
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, PR China; Institute of Agro-Bioengineering and College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, PR China.
| | - La-la Song
- Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, 550006, PR China
| | - De-Gang Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, PR China; Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, 550006, PR China
| | - Zhong-Min Xia
- Guizhou Soil and Fertilizer General Station, Guiyang, 550001, PR China
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Alsherif EA, Al-Shaikh TM, Almaghrabi O, AbdElgawad H. High Redox Status as the Basis for Heavy Metal Tolerance of Sesuvium portulacastrum L. Inhabiting Contaminated Soil in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 11:antiox11010019. [PMID: 35052523 PMCID: PMC8773048 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Because sewage sludge is contaminated with heavy metals, its disposal in the soil may pose risks to the ecosystem. Thus, heavy metal remediation is necessary to reduce the associated risks. The goal of this research is to introduce a heavy metal resistant species and to assess its phytoremediation, oxidative damage markers and stress tolerance mechanisms. To this end, field research was done to compare the vegetation of polluted sites to that of a healthy site. We found 42 plant species identified in the study, Sesuvium portulacastrum L. was chosen because of its high relative density (10.3) and maximum frequency (100 percent) in the most contaminated areas. In particular, S. portulacastrum plants were characterized by strong Cu, Ni, and As uptake. At the organ level, to control growth reduction and oxidase damage, particularly in roots, increased detoxification (e.g., metallothionein, phytochelatins) and antioxidants mechanisms (e.g., tocopherols, glutathione, peroxidases). On the other hand, flavonoids content and the activity of glutathione-S transferase, glutathione reductase and dehydroascorbate reductase were increased manly in the shoots. These biochemical markers can be applied to select tolerance plant species grown under complex heavy metal contamination. Our findings also introduced S. portulacastrum to reduce soil contamination0associated risks, making the land resource available for agricultural production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emad A. Alsherif
- Biology Department, College of Science and Arts at Khulis, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21959, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Turki M. Al-Shaikh
- Biology Department, College of Science and Arts at Khulis, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21959, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Omar Almaghrabi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21959, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hamada AbdElgawad
- Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium;
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef 62511, Egypt
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Hu L, Wu Z, Robert CAM, Ouyang X, Züst T, Mestrot A, Xu J, Erb M. Soil chemistry determines whether defensive plant secondary metabolites promote or suppress herbivore growth. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2109602118. [PMID: 34675080 PMCID: PMC8639379 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2109602118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant secondary (or specialized) metabolites mediate important interactions in both the rhizosphere and the phyllosphere. If and how such compartmentalized functions interact to determine plant-environment interactions is not well understood. Here, we investigated how the dual role of maize benzoxazinoids as leaf defenses and root siderophores shapes the interaction between maize and a major global insect pest, the fall armyworm. We find that benzoxazinoids suppress fall armyworm growth when plants are grown in soils with very low available iron but enhance growth in soils with higher available iron. Manipulation experiments confirm that benzoxazinoids suppress herbivore growth under iron-deficient conditions and in the presence of chelated iron but enhance herbivore growth in the presence of free iron in the growth medium. This reversal of the protective effect of benzoxazinoids is not associated with major changes in plant primary metabolism. Plant defense activation is modulated by the interplay between soil iron and benzoxazinoids but does not explain fall armyworm performance. Instead, increased iron supply to the fall armyworm by benzoxazinoids in the presence of free iron enhances larval performance. This work identifies soil chemistry as a decisive factor for the impact of plant secondary metabolites on herbivore growth. It also demonstrates how the multifunctionality of plant secondary metabolites drives interactions between abiotic and biotic factors, with potential consequences for plant resistance in variable environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingfei Hu
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, 3013 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Zhenwei Wu
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | | | - Xiao Ouyang
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Tobias Züst
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, 3013 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Adrien Mestrot
- Institute of Geography, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jianming Xu
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
| | - Matthias Erb
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, 3013 Bern, Switzerland;
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Park YJ, Kim NS, Sathasivam R, Chung YS, Park SU. Impact of copper treatment on phenylpropanoid biosynthesis in adventitious root culture of Althaea officinalis L. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 52:283-291. [PMID: 34154516 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2021.1934697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Althaea officinalis has been widely used in various pharmaceutical applications. The biological effects and significance of phenylpropanoids in numerous industries are well studied. However, fulfilling consumer demand for these commercially important compounds is difficult. The effect of heavy-metal toxic influence on plants is primarily due to a strong and rapid suppression of growth processes, as well as the decline in activity of the photosynthetic apparatus, also associated with progressing senescence processes. Some of the secondary metabolite production was triggered by the application of heavy metals, but there was not a stress response. In the adventitious root culture of A. officinalis, copper-mediated phenylpropanoid biosynthesis has been investigated in both concentration-and duration-dependent manners. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis revealed a total of nine different phenolic compounds in response to different concentrations of copper chloride. In this study, high productivity of phenolic compounds was observed in the copper chloride treated-adventitious root culture of A. officianalis. In particular, a low concentration of copper chloride led to a significant accumulation of phenolic compounds under optimal conditions. Moreover, all genes responsible for phenylpropanoid biosynthesis may be sensitive to phenolic compound production following copper treatment. Especially, the highest change in transcript level was observed from AoANS at 6 h. According to our findings, treatment with copper chloride (0.5 mM) for 48 or 96 h can be an appropriate method to maximize phenylpropanoid levels in A. officinalis adventitious root culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Ji Park
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Su Kim
- Department of Smart Agriculture Systems, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ramaraj Sathasivam
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Suk Chung
- Department of Plant Resources and Environment, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Un Park
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,Department of Smart Agriculture Systems, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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11
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Bian X, Zhao Y, Xiao S, Yang H, Han Y, Zhang L. Metabolome and transcriptome analysis reveals the molecular profiles underlying the ginseng response to rusty root symptoms. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:215. [PMID: 33985437 PMCID: PMC8117609 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03001-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ginseng rusty root symptoms (GRS) is one of the primary diseases of ginseng. This disease leads to a severe decline in the quality of ginseng. It has been shown that the occurrence of GRS is associated with soil environmental degradation, which may involve changes in soil microbiology and physicochemical properties. RESULTS In this study, GRS and healthy ginseng (HG) samples were used as experimental materials for comparative analysis of transcriptome and metabolome. Compared with those in HG samples, 949 metabolites and 9451 genes were significantly changed at the metabolic and transcriptional levels in diseased samples. The diseased tissues' metabolic patterns changed, and the accumulation of various organic acids, alkaloids, alcohols and phenols in diseased tissues increased significantly. There were significant differences in the expression of genes involved in plant hormone signal transduction, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, the peroxidase pathway, and the plant-pathogen interaction pathway. CONCLUSION The current study involved a comparative metabolome and transcriptome analysis of GRS and HG samples. Based on the findings at the transcriptional and metabolic levels, a mechanism model of the ginseng response to GRS was established. Our results provide new insights into ginseng's response to GRS, which will reveal the potential molecular mechanisms of this disease in ginseng.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingbo Bian
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin Province, China
- State Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ginseng Breeding and Application, Changchun, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin Province, China
| | - Shengyuan Xiao
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin Province, China.
- State Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ginseng Breeding and Application, Changchun, China.
| | - He Yang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin Province, China
- State Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ginseng Breeding and Application, Changchun, China
| | - Yongzhong Han
- Jilin Provincial Ginseng and Pilose Antler Office, Changchun, China
| | - Lianxue Zhang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin Province, China.
- State Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ginseng Breeding and Application, Changchun, China.
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12
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Arkhimandritova S, Shavarda A, Potokina E. Key metabolites associated with the onset of flowering of guar genotypes (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:291. [PMID: 33050886 PMCID: PMC7557002 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02498-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.), a short-day plant, is an economically valuable legume crop. Seeds of guar serve as a source of galactomannan polysaccharide, known as guar gum, which is in demand in the gas and oil industries. The rapid and complete maturation of guar seeds depends on the flowering time of a particular genotype. It is known that flowering in guar is controlled by several gene systems. However, no information about the process and mechanisms that trigger flowering in guar on the molecular and biochemical levels was previously reported. The aim of the study was to investigate the metabolic landscape underlying transition to the flowering in guar using GC-MS-metabolomic analysis. RESULTS 82 diverse guar genotypes (each in 8 replicates) from the VIR collection were grown under experimental conditions of high humidity and long photoperiod. In the stress environment some guar genotypes turned to flowering early (41 ± 1,8 days from the first true leaf appearance) while for others the serious delay of flowering (up to 95 ± 1,7 days) was observed. A total of 244 metabolites were detected by GC-MS analysis on the third true leaves stage of 82 guar genotypes. Among them some molecules were associated with the transition of the guar plants to flowering. Clear discrimination was observed in metabolomic profiles of two groups of «early flowering» and «delayed flowering» plants, with 65 metabolites having a significantly higher abundance in early flowering genotypes. Among them 7 key molecules were identified by S-plot, as potential biomarkers discriminating of «early flowering» and «delayed flowering» guar genotypes. CONCLUSIONS The metabolomic landscape accompanying transition to flowering in guar was firstly described. The results obtained can be used in subsequent genomic research for identifying metabolite-gene associations and revealing genes responsible for the onset of flowering and photoperiod sensitivity of guar. In addition, the detected key metabolites associated with flowering of guar can be employed as biomarkers allowing rapid screening of breeding material for the potentially early flowering genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexey Shavarda
- Komarov Botanical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia
- Saint Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Elena Potokina
- N.I. Vavilov Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR), St. Petersburg, Russia
- Saint Petersburg State Forest Technical University, St. Petersburg, Russia
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13
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The Garden Candytuft (Iberis umbellata L.): At the Crossroad of Copper Accumulation and Glucosinolates. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8091116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The copper accumulation ability and its impact on the glucosinolate content of the garden candytuft were studied. Different copper sources (adsorbents or solution) were used. Generally, the seedlings copper uptake from the adsorbents was in the amount needed for its growth and development with the beneficial or no impact on the glucosinolate content. The lowest copper concentration was detected in the total seedlings biomass which grew in the humus with the addition of Cu-exchanged zeolite NaX (27.88 μg g−1 DW) having glucosinolate content of 9757.81 µg g−1 DW (23.86 µmol g−1 DW). The highest copper concentration among all the garden candytuft samples was detected in the seedlings watered with CuSO4∙5H2O solution (514.63 μg g−1 DW) with a sharp decrease of the glucosinolate content 3103.33 µg g−1 DW (7.59 µmol g−1 DW). Based on the results obtained, the garden candytuft can be considered as a copper accumulator plant.
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14
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Zafar H, Aziz T, Khan B, Mannan A, Rehman RU, Zia M. CuO and ZnO Nanoparticle Application in Synthetic Soil Modulates Morphology, Nutritional Contents, and Metal Analysis of Brassica nigra. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:13566-13577. [PMID: 32566821 PMCID: PMC7301370 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Black mustard (Brassica nigra) was grown in pots amended with 41 nm ZnO (200-600 mg/kg soil) and 47 nm CuO (12.5-50 mg/kg soil) nanoparticles (NPs) to analyze growth response and yield characteristics. B. nigra seed germination was not affected by CuO NPs, but significant toxicity was observed by ZnO NP treatment. Both NPs significantly increased the growth profile of B. nigra, i.e., the stem height, number of leaves, average leaf area, number of branches, and number of nodes per plant. Application of ZnO and CuO NPs brought a significant dose-dependent decrease in primary root length; however, the number of secondary roots increased in the presence of CuO NPs. The average number of flowers and pods per plant significantly increased in the presence of CuO NPs. The seed yield, average seed weight per plant, and seed diameter parameters were observed to be better in the presence of CuO NPs as compared with ZnO NPs. Total protein contents and glucosinolates increased in the seeds grown in the NP-amended soil, while total oil contents decreased. Oil analysis depicted that oleic acid and linolenic acid percentage decreased while erucic acid percentage increased in seeds in the presence of both NPs in the soil. An atomic absorption spectrophotometer showed accumulation of Cu and Zn in B. nigra in the following order: root > stem > leaves > seeds. The study concludes that CuO and ZnO NPs have detrimental effect on the B. nigra plant and yield. The release of NPs and type of metal in NPs might also have a positive effect on the plant; however, their concentration in the soil also matters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hira Zafar
- Department
of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Tehmina Aziz
- Department
of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Bakhtawar Khan
- Department
of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Mannan
- Department
of Pharmacy, COMSATS Institute of Information
Technology, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Riaz ur Rehman
- Institute
of Floriculture and Horticulture, Government of Punjab, Rawalpindi 44000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zia
- Department
of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
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Valanciene E, Jonuskiene I, Syrpas M, Augustiniene E, Matulis P, Simonavicius A, Malys N. Advances and Prospects of Phenolic Acids Production, Biorefinery and Analysis. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E874. [PMID: 32517243 PMCID: PMC7356249 DOI: 10.3390/biom10060874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Biotechnological production of phenolic acids is attracting increased interest due to their superior antioxidant activity, as well as other antimicrobial, dietary, and health benefits. As secondary metabolites, primarily found in plants and fungi, they are effective free radical scavengers due to the phenolic group available in their structure. Therefore, phenolic acids are widely utilised by pharmaceutical, food, cosmetic, and chemical industries. A demand for phenolic acids is mostly satisfied by utilising chemically synthesised compounds, with only a low quantity obtained from natural sources. As an alternative to chemical synthesis, environmentally friendly bio-based technologies are necessary for development in large-scale production. One of the most promising sustainable technologies is the utilisation of microbial cell factories for biosynthesis of phenolic acids. In this paper, we perform a systematic comparison of the best known natural sources of phenolic acids. The advances and prospects in the development of microbial cell factories for biosynthesis of these bioactive compounds are discussed in more detail. A special consideration is given to the modern production methods and analytics of phenolic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Naglis Malys
- Bioprocess Research Centre, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilėnų pl. 19, Kaunas LT-50254, Lithuania; (E.V.); (I.J.); (M.S.); (E.A.); (P.M.); (A.S.)
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Razzaq A, Sadia B, Raza A, Khalid Hameed M, Saleem F. Metabolomics: A Way Forward for Crop Improvement. Metabolites 2019; 9:E303. [PMID: 31847393 PMCID: PMC6969922 DOI: 10.3390/metabo9120303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolomics is an emerging branch of "omics" and it involves identification and quantification of metabolites and chemical footprints of cellular regulatory processes in different biological species. The metabolome is the total metabolite pool in an organism, which can be measured to characterize genetic or environmental variations. Metabolomics plays a significant role in exploring environment-gene interactions, mutant characterization, phenotyping, identification of biomarkers, and drug discovery. Metabolomics is a promising approach to decipher various metabolic networks that are linked with biotic and abiotic stress tolerance in plants. In this context, metabolomics-assisted breeding enables efficient screening for yield and stress tolerance of crops at the metabolic level. Advanced metabolomics analytical tools, like non-destructive nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), liquid chromatography mass-spectroscopy (LC-MS), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and direct flow injection (DFI) mass spectrometry, have sped up metabolic profiling. Presently, integrating metabolomics with post-genomics tools has enabled efficient dissection of genetic and phenotypic association in crop plants. This review provides insight into the state-of-the-art plant metabolomics tools for crop improvement. Here, we describe the workflow of plant metabolomics research focusing on the elucidation of biotic and abiotic stress tolerance mechanisms in plants. Furthermore, the potential of metabolomics-assisted breeding for crop improvement and its future applications in speed breeding are also discussed. Mention has also been made of possible bottlenecks and future prospects of plant metabolomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Razzaq
- Centre of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology (CABB), University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; (A.R.); (B.S.)
| | - Bushra Sadia
- Centre of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology (CABB), University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; (A.R.); (B.S.)
| | - Ali Raza
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Wuhan 430062, China;
| | - Muhammad Khalid Hameed
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China;
| | - Fozia Saleem
- Centre of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology (CABB), University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; (A.R.); (B.S.)
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Andini S, Dekker P, Gruppen H, Araya-Cloutier C, Vincken JP. Modulation of Glucosinolate Composition in Brassicaceae Seeds by Germination and Fungal Elicitation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:12770-12779. [PMID: 31652052 PMCID: PMC6873265 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b05771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Glucosinolates (GSLs) are of interest for potential antimicrobial activity of their degradation products and exclusive presence in Brassicaceae. Compositional changes of aliphatic, benzenic, and indolic GSLs of Sinapis alba, Brassica napus, and B. juncea seeds by germination and fungal elicitation were studied. Rhizopus oryzae (nonpathogenic), Fusarium graminearum (nonpathogenic), and F. oxysporum (pathogenic) were employed. Thirty-one GSLs were detected by reversed-phase ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography photodiode array with in-line electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (RP-UHPLC-PDA-ESI-MSn). Aromatic-acylated derivatives of 3-butenyl GSL, p-hydroxybenzyl GSL, and indol-3-ylmethyl GSL were for the first time tentatively annotated and confirmed to be not artifacts. For S. alba, germination, Rhizopus elicitation, and F. graminearum elicitation increased total GSL content, mainly consisting of p-hydroxybenzyl GSL, by 2-3 fold. For B. napus and B. juncea, total GSL content was unaffected by germination or elicitation. In all treatments, aliphatic GSL content was decreased (≥50%) in B. napus and remained unchanged in B. juncea. Indolic GSLs were induced in all species by germination and nonpathogenic elicitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Andini
- Laboratory
of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Satya Wacana Christian University, Diponegoro 52-60, Salatiga 50711, Indonesia
| | - Pieter Dekker
- Laboratory
of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Harry Gruppen
- Laboratory
of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Carla Araya-Cloutier
- Laboratory
of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jean-Paul Vincken
- Laboratory
of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Phone: +31
317 482234. E-mail:
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18
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Ghatak A, Chaturvedi P, Weckwerth W. Metabolomics in Plant Stress Physiology. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 164:187-236. [PMID: 29470599 DOI: 10.1007/10_2017_55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Metabolomics is an essential technology for functional genomics and systems biology. It plays a key role in functional annotation of genes and understanding towards cellular and molecular, biotic and abiotic stress responses. Different analytical techniques are used to extend the coverage of a full metabolome. The commonly used techniques are NMR, CE-MS, LC-MS, and GC-MS. The choice of a suitable technique depends on the speed, sensitivity, and accuracy. This chapter provides insight into plant metabolomic techniques, databases used in the analysis, data mining and processing, compound identification, and limitations in metabolomics. It also describes the workflow of measuring metabolites in plants. Metabolomic studies in plant responses to stress are a key research topic in many laboratories worldwide. We summarize different approaches and provide a generic overview of stress responsive metabolite markers and processes compiled from a broad range of different studies. Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arindam Ghatak
- Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Palak Chaturvedi
- Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfram Weckwerth
- Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. .,Vienna Metabolomics Center (VIME), University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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19
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Sharma V, Pant D. Structural basis for expanding the application of bioligand in metal bioremediation: A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 252:188-197. [PMID: 29307506 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.12.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Bioligands (BL) present in plant and microbes are primarily responsible for their use in metal decontamination. Both primary (proteins and amino acid) and secondary (proliferated) response in the form of BL is possible in plants and microbes toward metal bioremediation. Structure of these BL have specific requirement for preferential binding towards a particular metal in biomass. The aim of this review is to explore various templates from BL (as metal host) for the metal detoxification/decontamination and associated bioremediation. Mechanistic explanation for bioremediation may involve the various processes like: (i) electron transfer; (ii) translocation; and (iii) coordination number variation. HSAB (hard and soft acid and base) concept can act as guiding principle for many such processes. It is possible to investigate various structural homolog of BL (similar to secondary response in living stage) for the possible improvement in bioremediation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virbala Sharma
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Dharamshala, Himachal Pradesh 176215, India
| | - Deepak Pant
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Dharamshala, Himachal Pradesh 176215, India.
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20
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21
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Akhtar N, Khan S, Malook I, Rehman SU, Jamil M. Pb-induced changes in roots of two cultivated rice cultivars grown in lead-contaminated soil mediated by smoke. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:21298-21310. [PMID: 28741209 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9777-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, public concerns regarding deleterious effect of lead (Pb) is on rise due to its abundance and toxic effect on plants and other living organisms. In plants, it has no noticeable biological importance but can cause various morphological, physiological, and biochemical malfunctions. To evaluate the remediating potential of plant-derived smoke (Cymbopogon jwarancusa), a pot culture experiment was designed to investigate the physiological, biochemical, metabolic, and antioxidant parameters of roots in lead (0 (control), 500, 1000, and 1500 ppm)-contaminated soil. Under dark condition, seeds were primed in smoke solution with two dilutions (1:500 and 1:1000) for 24 h. With an increasing concentration of Pb stress, fresh and dry weight and total nitrogen and protein contents decreased significantly while an increase was observed in smoke-treated seed. With increasing Pb stress level, metabolites (i.e., proline, total soluble sugar, total soluble protein, glycine betaine), and antioxidants (i.e., superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, malonyldialdehyde, and H2O2), contents of roots were increased in non-treated (without smoke treatment) samples, whereas comparatively, a low level of alteration in aforementioned metabolites and antioxidative parameters was observed in the seeds treated with smoke solution. These results suggest a positive role of smoke in alleviating lead-induced changes in roots of two cultivated cultivars of rice grown in Pb-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazneen Akhtar
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Sehresh Khan
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Ijaz Malook
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Shafiq Ur Rehman
- Department of Botany, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Jamil
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan.
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22
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Barrameda-Medina Y, Blasco B, Lentini M, Esposito S, Baenas N, Moreno DA, Ruiz JM. Zinc biofortification improves phytochemicals and amino-acidic profile in Brassica oleracea cv. Bronco. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 258:45-51. [PMID: 28330562 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Zn deficiency is currently listed as a major risk factor for human health. Recently, a complimentary solution to mineral malnutrition termed 'biofortification' has been proposed. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible effects of a Zn-biofortification program on Zn levels, amino acidic profile and the phytochemicals content in an edible leafy vegetable, such as Brassica oleracea cv. Bronco. Our results indicate that supplementation of 80-100μM Zn is optimal for maintaining the normal growth of plants and to promote the major Zn concentration in the edible part of B. oleracea. Any further increase of Zn supply induced an accumulation of total amino acids, and increased the enzymatic activities involved in sulfur assimilation and synthesis of phenols, finally resulting in a foliar accumulation of glucosinolates and phenolic compounds. Thus, it could be proposed that the growth of B. oleracea under 80-100μM Zn may increase the intake of this micronutrient and other beneficial compunds for the human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurena Barrameda-Medina
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Begoña Blasco
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Marco Lentini
- Department of Biology, University of Napoli"Federico II", Via Cinthia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Sergio Esposito
- Department of Biology, University of Napoli"Federico II", Via Cinthia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Nieves Baenas
- Phytochemistry Lab, Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus Espinardo, 30100 Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Diego A Moreno
- Phytochemistry Lab, Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus Espinardo, 30100 Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Juan M Ruiz
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
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Cojocaru P, Gusiatin ZM, Cretescu I. Phytoextraction of Cd and Zn as single or mixed pollutants from soil by rape (Brassica napus). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:10693-10701. [PMID: 26884243 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6176-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This paper analyses the capacity of the rape (Brassica napus) to extract Cd and Zn from the soil and the effect of these metals on the morphometric parameters of the plant (length, weight, surface area, fractal dimension of leaves). Rape plants were mostly affected by the combined toxicity of the Cd and Zn mixture that caused a significant reduction in the rate of seed germination, the plant biomass quantity and the fractal dimension. In the case of Cd soil pollution, the bioaccumulation factor (BAF), bioaccumulation coefficient (BAC) as well as the heavy metal root-to-stalk translocation factor (TF) were determined. The results showed that B. napus had a great potential as a cadmium hyperaccumulator but not as an accumulator of Zn or Cd + Zn mixture. The efficiency of phytoextraction rape was 0.8-1.22 % for a soil heavily polluted with cadmium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Cojocaru
- Faculty of Hydrotechnics, Geodesy and Environmental Engineering, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iasi, 63-65 Blvd D. Mangeron, 700050, Iasi, Romania
| | - Zygmunt Mariusz Gusiatin
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Fisheries, Department of Environmental Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury, ul. Sloneczna 45G, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Igor Cretescu
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iasi, 73 Blvd D. Mangeron, 700050, Iasi, Romania.
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24
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Mourato MP, Moreira IN, Leitão I, Pinto FR, Sales JR, Martins LL. Effect of Heavy Metals in Plants of the Genus Brassica. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:17975-98. [PMID: 26247945 PMCID: PMC4581231 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160817975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Revised: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Several species from the Brassica genus are very important agricultural crops in different parts of the world and are also known to be heavy metal accumulators. There have been a large number of studies regarding the tolerance, uptake and defense mechanism in several of these species, notably Brassica juncea and B. napus, against the stress induced by heavy metals. Numerous studies have also been published about the capacity of these species to be used for phytoremediation purposes but with mixed results. This review will focus on the latest developments in the study of the uptake capacity, oxidative damage and biochemical and physiological tolerance and defense mechanisms to heavy metal toxicity on six economically important species: B. juncea, B. napus, B. oleracea, B. carinata, B. rapa and B. nigra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel P Mourato
- LEAF-Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Inês N Moreira
- LEAF-Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Inês Leitão
- LEAF-Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Filipa R Pinto
- LEAF-Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Joana R Sales
- LEAF-Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Luisa Louro Martins
- LEAF-Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal.
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25
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Maldini M, Natella F, Baima S, Morelli G, Scaccini C, Langridge J, Astarita G. Untargeted Metabolomics Reveals Predominant Alterations in Lipid Metabolism Following Light Exposure in Broccoli Sprouts. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:13678-91. [PMID: 26084047 PMCID: PMC4490517 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160613678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The consumption of vegetables belonging to the family Brassicaceae (e.g., broccoli and cauliflower) is linked to a reduced incidence of cancer and cardiovascular diseases. The molecular composition of such plants is strongly affected by growing conditions. Here we developed an unbiased metabolomics approach to investigate the effect of light and dark exposure on the metabolome of broccoli sprouts and we applied such an approach to provide a bird’s-eye view of the overall metabolic response after light exposure. Broccoli seeds were germinated and grown hydroponically for five days in total darkness or with a light/dark photoperiod (16 h light/8 h dark cycle). We used an ultra-performance liquid-chromatography system coupled to an ion-mobility, time-of-flight mass spectrometer to profile the large array of metabolites present in the sprouts. Differences at the metabolite level between groups were analyzed using multivariate statistical analyses, including principal component analysis and correlation analysis. Altered metabolites were identified by searching publicly available and in-house databases. Metabolite pathway analyses were used to support the identification of subtle but significant changes among groups of related metabolites that may have gone unnoticed with conventional approaches. Besides the chlorophyll pathway, light exposure activated the biosynthesis and metabolism of sterol lipids, prenol lipids, and polyunsaturated lipids, which are essential for the photosynthetic machinery. Our results also revealed that light exposure increased the levels of polyketides, including flavonoids, and oxylipins, which play essential roles in the plant’s developmental processes and defense mechanism against herbivores. This study highlights the significant contribution of light exposure to the ultimate metabolic phenotype, which might affect the cellular physiology and nutritional value of broccoli sprouts. Furthermore, this study highlights the potential of an unbiased omics approach for the comprehensive study of the metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariateresa Maldini
- Food and Nutrition Research Centre, Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agraria (CRA), 00184 Roma, Italy.
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | - Fausta Natella
- Food and Nutrition Research Centre, Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agraria (CRA), 00184 Roma, Italy.
| | - Simona Baima
- Food and Nutrition Research Centre, Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agraria (CRA), 00184 Roma, Italy.
| | - Giorgio Morelli
- Food and Nutrition Research Centre, Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agraria (CRA), 00184 Roma, Italy.
| | - Cristina Scaccini
- Food and Nutrition Research Centre, Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agraria (CRA), 00184 Roma, Italy.
| | - James Langridge
- Waters Corporation, Health Sciences, Milford, MA 01757, USA.
| | - Giuseppe Astarita
- Waters Corporation, Health Sciences, Milford, MA 01757, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA.
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Witzel K, Neugart S, Ruppel S, Schreiner M, Wiesner M, Baldermann S. Recent progress in the use of 'omics technologies in brassicaceous vegetables. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:244. [PMID: 25926843 PMCID: PMC4396356 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Continuing advances in 'omics methodologies and instrumentation is enhancing the understanding of how plants cope with the dynamic nature of their growing environment. 'Omics platforms have been only recently extended to cover horticultural crop species. Many of the most widely cultivated vegetable crops belong to the genus Brassica: these include plants grown for their root (turnip, rutabaga/swede), their swollen stem base (kohlrabi), their leaves (cabbage, kale, pak choi) and their inflorescence (cauliflower, broccoli). Characterization at the genome, transcript, protein and metabolite levels has illustrated the complexity of the cellular response to a whole series of environmental stresses, including nutrient deficiency, pathogen attack, heavy metal toxicity, cold acclimation, and excessive and sub-optimal irradiation. This review covers recent applications of 'omics technologies to the brassicaceous vegetables, and discusses future scenarios in achieving improvements in crop end-use quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Witzel
- Leibniz-Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops Großbeeren/Erfurt e.V.Großbeeren, Germany
| | - Susanne Neugart
- Leibniz-Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops Großbeeren/Erfurt e.V.Großbeeren, Germany
| | - Silke Ruppel
- Leibniz-Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops Großbeeren/Erfurt e.V.Großbeeren, Germany
| | - Monika Schreiner
- Leibniz-Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops Großbeeren/Erfurt e.V.Großbeeren, Germany
| | - Melanie Wiesner
- Leibniz-Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops Großbeeren/Erfurt e.V.Großbeeren, Germany
| | - Susanne Baldermann
- Leibniz-Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops Großbeeren/Erfurt e.V.Großbeeren, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of PotsdamNuthetal, Germany
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Asad SA, Young SD, West HM. Effect of zinc and glucosinolates on nutritional quality of Noccaea caerulescens and infestation by Aleyrodes proletella. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2015; 511:21-7. [PMID: 25525711 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Revised: 11/29/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The Zn hyperaccumulating plant, Noccaea caerulescens, was grown under controlled conditions at a range of Zn concentrations (0-1000 mg kg(-1) dwt. soil) to determine the effectiveness of hyperaccumulation in deterring the cabbage whitefly, Aleyrodes proletella, and to establish the relationship between levels of foliar Zn and glucosinolates (organic defence compounds). Two weeks after introducing A. proletella adults to the plants, next generation nymphs were quantified. This sucking insect caused minimal damage to plant tissue and did not affect foliar glucosinolate levels. Foliar Zn concentrations increased with increasing soil Zn application and reached a maximum of ~7000 mg kg(-1). More whitefly nymphs were observed on plants as the foliar Zn concentration increased (up to ~3000 mg kg(-1)) after which numbers declined. Zn was an explanatory variable in accumulated generalised linear regression after the variation in the data due to C/N ratio had been accounted for. Nymph numbers declined with increasing C/N ratio and increased with increasing N concentration. The highest glucosinolate concentrations were in shoots with the lowest Zn concentrations; this is consistent with the 'trade-off' hypothesis which states that elemental defence mechanisms allow for lowered organic defences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Ahmad Asad
- Centre for Climate Research and Development, COMSATS University, Park Road Chak Shahzad, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan.
| | - Scott D Young
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, United Kingdom
| | - Helen M West
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, United Kingdom
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Jung Y, Ha M, Lee J, Ahn YG, Kwak JH, Ryu DH, Hwang GS. Metabolite Profiling of the Response of Burdock Roots to Copper Stress. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:1309-1317. [PMID: 25578619 DOI: 10.1021/jf503193c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Arctium lappa L. (Asteraceae), also known as burdock, has a long history of cultivation as a dietary vegetable worldwide. Stress in plants disrupts metabolic homeostasis and requires adjustment of metabolic pathways. Exposure to heavy metals is one of the most prevalent environmental stresses encountered by plants. In this study, metabolite profiling based on 1H NMR and GC-MS was used to obtain a holistic view of the response of burdock roots to copper stress. The principal component analysis model generated from the NMR data showed significant separation between groups. Copper-treated burdock roots were characterized by increased levels of phenols and decreased levels of primary metabolites. These results suggest that copper stress leads to activation of the phenylpropanoid pathway and growth inhibition. GC-MS analyses revealed increased levels of unsaturated fatty acids and decreased levels of sterols in the copper-treated group. Changes in metabolite concentrations were analyzed by UPLC/QTRAP-MS, and the significances were confirmed by two-way analysis of variance and Bonferroni's test. Interestingly, linoleic acid was increased about 2.7-fold, from 316 ± 64.5 to 855 ± 111 ppm, in the group treated with copper for 6 days. This study demonstrates that metabolomic profiling is an effective analytical approach to understanding the metabolic pathway(s) associated with copper stress in burdock roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngae Jung
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute , Seoul 120-140, Republic of Korea
| | - Miyoung Ha
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute , Seoul 120-140, Republic of Korea
- Nonghyup Food Safety Research Institute , Seoul 137-130, Republic of Korea
| | - Jueun Lee
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute , Seoul 120-140, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Gyong Ahn
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute , Seoul 120-140, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Geum-Sook Hwang
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute , Seoul 120-140, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University , Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea
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Mushtaq MY, Choi YH, Verpoorte R, Wilson EG. Extraction for metabolomics: access to the metabolome. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2014; 25:291-306. [PMID: 24523261 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2013] [Revised: 12/21/2013] [Accepted: 12/26/2013] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The value of information obtained from a metabolomic study depends on how much of the metabolome is present in analysed samples. Thus, only a comprehensive and reproducible extraction method will provide reliable data because the metabolites that will be measured are those that were extracted and all conclusions will be built around this information. OBJECTIVE To discuss the efficiency and reliability of available sample pre-treatment methods and their application in different fields of metabolomics. METHODS The review has three sections: the first deals with pre-extraction techniques, the second discusses the choice of extraction solvents and their main features and the third includes a brief description of the most used extraction techniques: microwave-assisted extraction, solid-phase extraction, supercritical fluid extraction, Soxhlet and a new method developed in our laboratory--the comprehensive extraction method. RESULTS Examination of over 200 studies showed that sample collection, homogenisation, grinding and storage could affect the yield and reproducibility of results. They also revealed that apart from the solvent used for extraction, the extraction techniques have a decisive role on the metabolites available for analysis. CONCLUSION It is essential to evaluate efficacy and reproducibility of sample pre-treatment as a first step to ensure the reliability of a metabolomic study. Among the reviewed methods, the comprehensive extraction method appears to provide a promising approach for extracting diverse types of metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mian Yahya Mushtaq
- Natural Products Laboratory, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Sun J, Zhang X, Cao C, Mei X, Wang N, Yan S, Zong S, Luo Y, Yang H, Shen Y. Similar metabolic changes induced by HIPVs exposure as herbivore in Ammopiptanthus mongolicus. PLoS One 2014; 9:e95474. [PMID: 24748156 PMCID: PMC3991656 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0095474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) are important compounds to prim neighboring undamaged plants; however, the mechanism for this priming process remains unclear. To reveal metabolic changes in plants exposed to HIPVs, metabolism of leaves and roots of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus seedlings exposed to HIPVs released from conspecific plants infested with larvae of Orgyia ericae were analyzed together with control and infested seedlings using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolic technology and multi variate data analysis. Results presented showed that HIPVs exposure led to similar but specific metabolic changes compared with those induced by infestation in both leaves and roots. Furthermore, both HIPVs exposure and herbivore attack resulted in metabolic changes involving a series of primary and secondary metabolites in both leaves and roots. Taken together, these results suggested that priming of yet-damaged plants may be achieved by reconfiguring metabolic pathways in leaves and roots to make similar concentrations for all metabolites as those in seedlings infested. Therefore, we propose that improved readiness of defense induction of primed plants toward subsequent herbivore attack may be based on the similar metabolic profiling induced by HIPVs exposure as those caused by herbivore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingru Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Chuanjian Cao
- Forest Pest control and Quarantine Station of Ningxia, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xindi Mei
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Ningning Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Suli Yan
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Shixiang Zong
- Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Youqing Luo
- Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Haijun Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (YS); (HY)
| | - Yingbai Shen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (YS); (HY)
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Konopka JK, Hanyu K, Macfie SM, McNeil JN. Does the Response of Insect Herbivores to Cadmium Depend on Their Feeding Strategy? J Chem Ecol 2013; 39:546-54. [DOI: 10.1007/s10886-013-0273-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2012] [Revised: 01/25/2013] [Accepted: 03/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Obata T, Fernie AR. The use of metabolomics to dissect plant responses to abiotic stresses. Cell Mol Life Sci 2012; 69:3225-43. [PMID: 22885821 PMCID: PMC3437017 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-012-1091-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 457] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2012] [Revised: 07/09/2012] [Accepted: 07/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Plant metabolism is perturbed by various abiotic stresses. As such the metabolic network of plants must be reconfigured under stress conditions in order to allow both the maintenance of metabolic homeostasis and the production of compounds that ameliorate the stress. The recent development and adoption of metabolomics and systems biology approaches enable us not only to gain a comprehensive overview, but also a detailed analysis of crucial components of the plant metabolic response to abiotic stresses. In this review we introduce the analytical methods used for plant metabolomics and describe their use in studies related to the metabolic response to water, temperature, light, nutrient limitation, ion and oxidative stresses. Both similarity and specificity of the metabolic responses against diverse abiotic stress are evaluated using data available in the literature. Classically discussed stress compounds such as proline, γ-amino butyrate and polyamines are reviewed, and the widespread importance of branched chain amino acid metabolism under stress condition is discussed. Finally, where possible, mechanistic insights into metabolic regulatory processes are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiro Obata
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
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Cestone B, Cuypers A, Vangronsveld J, Sgherri C, Navari-Izzo F. The influence of EDDS on the metabolic and transcriptional responses induced by copper in hydroponically grown Brassica carinata seedlings. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2012; 55:43-51. [PMID: 22522579 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2012.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2012] [Accepted: 03/21/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
To improve the knowledge about the use of plants for the removal of toxic metals from contaminated soils, metabolic and transcriptional responses of Brassica carinata to different forms of copper (Cu) were studied. Two-week-old hydroponically grown seedlings were exposed for 24 h to 30 μM CuSO₄ or CuEDDS. CuSO₄ appeared to be more toxic than CuEDDS as roots showed higher levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and increased relative leakage ratios (RLR), although the superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1) activity increased following both exposures. In CuSO₄-exposed seedlings the higher toxicity was underlined by increased transcription of lipoxygenases (EC 1.13.11.12) and NADPH oxidases (EC 1.6.99.6) and by the higher Cu accumulation in both tissues compared to CuEDDS exposure. The presence of EDDS increased Cu translocation, which resulted 5-times higher than when exposed to CuSO₄. Decreases in catalase (CAT, EC 1.11.1.6), ascorbate peroxidase (APX, EC 1.11.1.11) and glutathione reductase (GR, EC 1.6.4.2) activities together with increases of reduced glutathione (GSH) and tocopherols and a reduction of lipoic acid (LA) were observed in roots of CuSO₄-exposed seedlings. On the contrary, CuEDDS exposure induced a general increase in enzyme activities and decreases in ascorbate (AsA) and tocopherol levels. In the primary leaves, in both exposures Cu differently affected the oxidative stress responses indicating that the cellular redox balance was anyway maintained. EDDS plays a crucial role in B. carinata tolerance to oxidative stress induced by Cu and might be proposed to improve the efficiency of Cu phytoextraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedetta Cestone
- Department of Biology of Agricultural Plants, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
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Uroic MK, Salaün P, Raab A, Feldmann J. Arsenate Impact on the Metabolite Profile, Production, and Arsenic Loading of Xylem Sap in Cucumbers (Cucumis sativus L.). Front Physiol 2012; 3:55. [PMID: 22536187 PMCID: PMC3334990 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2012.00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2012] [Accepted: 02/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Arsenic uptake and translocation studies on xylem sap focus generally on the concentration and speciation of arsenic in the xylem. Arsenic impact on the xylem sap metabolite profile and its production during short term exposure has not been reported in detail. To investigate this, cucumbers were grown hydroponically and arsenate (As(V)) and DMA were used for plant treatment for 24 h. Total arsenic and arsenic speciation in xylem sap was analyzed including a metabolite profiling under As(V) stress. Produced xylem sap was quantified and absolute arsenic transported was determined. As(V) exposure had a significant impact on the metabolite profile of xylem sap. Four m/z values corresponding to four compounds were up-regulated, one compound down-regulated by As(V) exposure. The compound down-regulated was identified to be isoleucine. Furthermore, As(V) exposure had a significant influence on sap production, leading to a reduction of up to 96% sap production when plants were exposed to 1000 μg kg(-1) As(V). No difference to control plants was observed when plants were exposed to 1000 μg kg(-1) DMA. Absolute arsenic amount in xylem sap was the lowest at high As(V) exposure. These results show that As(V) has a significant impact on the production and metabolite profile of xylem sap. The physiological importance of isoleucine needs further attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Kalle Uroic
- Trace Element Speciation Laboratory, College of Physical Sciences – Chemistry, University of AberdeenAberdeen, UK
| | - Pascal Salaün
- Earth and Ocean Science, University of LiverpoolLiverpool, UK
| | - Andrea Raab
- Trace Element Speciation Laboratory, College of Physical Sciences – Chemistry, University of AberdeenAberdeen, UK
| | - Jörg Feldmann
- Trace Element Speciation Laboratory, College of Physical Sciences – Chemistry, University of AberdeenAberdeen, UK
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Bazzini AA, Manacorda CA, Tohge T, Conti G, Rodriguez MC, Nunes-Nesi A, Villanueva S, Fernie AR, Carrari F, Asurmendi S. Metabolic and miRNA profiling of TMV infected plants reveals biphasic temporal changes. PLoS One 2011; 6:e28466. [PMID: 22174812 PMCID: PMC3236191 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0028466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2011] [Accepted: 11/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant viral infections induce changes including gene expression and metabolic components. Identification of metabolites and microRNAs (miRNAs) differing in abundance along infection may provide a broad view of the pathways involved in signaling and defense that orchestrate and execute the response in plant-pathogen interactions. We used a systemic approach by applying both liquid and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry to determine the relative level of metabolites across the viral infection, together with a miRs profiling using a micro-array based procedure. Systemic changes in metabolites were characterized by a biphasic response after infection. The first phase, detected at one dpi, evidenced the action of a systemic signal since no virus was detected systemically. Several of the metabolites increased at this stage were hormone-related. miRs profiling after infection also revealed a biphasic alteration, showing miRs alteration at 5 dpi where no virus was detected systemically and a late phase correlating with virus accumulation. Correlation analyses revealed a massive increase in the density of correlation networks after infection indicating a complex reprogramming of the regulatory pathways, either in response to the plant defense mechanism or to the virus infection itself. Our data propose the involvement of a systemic signaling on early miRs alteration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel A. Bazzini
- Instituto de Biotecnología, CICVyA-INTA, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carlos A. Manacorda
- Instituto de Biotecnología, CICVyA-INTA, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Takayuki Tohge
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology, Wissenschaftspark Golm, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Gabriela Conti
- Instituto de Biotecnología, CICVyA-INTA, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria C. Rodriguez
- Instituto de Biotecnología, CICVyA-INTA, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Adriano Nunes-Nesi
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology, Wissenschaftspark Golm, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Sofía Villanueva
- Instituto de Biotecnología, CICVyA-INTA, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alisdair R. Fernie
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology, Wissenschaftspark Golm, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Fernando Carrari
- Instituto de Biotecnología, CICVyA-INTA, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sebastian Asurmendi
- Instituto de Biotecnología, CICVyA-INTA, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Leiss KA, Choi YH, Verpoorte R, Klinkhamer PGL. An overview of NMR-based metabolomics to identify secondary plant compounds involved in host plant resistance. PHYTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS : PROCEEDINGS OF THE PHYTOCHEMICAL SOCIETY OF EUROPE 2011; 10:205-216. [PMID: 21765818 PMCID: PMC3105236 DOI: 10.1007/s11101-010-9175-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2009] [Accepted: 01/22/2010] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Secondary metabolites provide a potential source for the generation of host plant resistance and development of biopesticides. This is especially important in view of the rapid and vast spread of agricultural and horticultural pests worldwide. Multiple pests control tactics in the framework of an integrated pest management (IPM) programme are necessary. One important strategy of IPM is the use of chemical host plant resistance. Up to now the study of chemical host plant resistance has, for technical reasons, been restricted to the identification of single compounds applying specific chemical analyses adapted to the compound in question. In biological processes however, usually more than one compound is involved. Metabolomics allows the simultaneous detection of a wide range of compounds, providing an immediate image of the metabolome of a plant. One of the most universally used metabolomic approaches comprises nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). It has been NMR which has been applied as a proof of principle to show that metabolomics can constitute a major advancement in the study of host plant resistance. Here we give an overview on the application of NMR to identify candidate compounds for host plant resistance. We focus on host plant resistance to western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis) which has been used as a model for different plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten A. Leiss
- Section Plant Ecology and Metabolomics, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Young H. Choi
- Section Plant Ecology and Metabolomics, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Robert Verpoorte
- Section Plant Ecology and Metabolomics, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Peter G. L. Klinkhamer
- Section Plant Ecology and Metabolomics, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands
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Villiers F, Ducruix C, Hugouvieux V, Jarno N, Ezan E, Garin J, Junot C, Bourguignon J. Investigating the plant response to cadmium exposure by proteomic and metabolomic approaches. Proteomics 2011; 11:1650-63. [PMID: 21462346 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201000645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2010] [Revised: 01/25/2011] [Accepted: 02/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Monitoring molecular dynamics of an organism upon stress is probably the best approach to decipher physiological mechanisms involved in the stress response. Quantitative analysis of proteins and metabolites is able to provide accurate information about molecular changes allowing the establishment of a range of more or less specific mechanisms, leading to the identification of major players in the considered pathways. Such tools have been successfully used to analyze the plant response to cadmium (Cd), a major pollutant capable of causing severe health issues as it accumulates in the food chain. We present a summary of proteomics and metabolomics works that contributed to a better understanding of the molecular aspects involved in the plant response to Cd. This work allowed us to provide a finer picture of general signaling, regulatory and metabolic pathways that appeared to be affected upon Cd stress. In particular, we conclude on the advantage of employing different approaches of global proteome- and metabolome-wide techniques, combined with more targeted analysis to answer molecular questions and unravel biological networks. Finally, we propose possible directions and methodologies for future prospectives in this field, as many aspects of the plant-Cd interaction remain to be discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florent Villiers
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Direction des Sciences du Vivant, Institut de Recherches en Technologies et Sciences pour le Vivant, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire Végétale, Grenoble, France
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Kim HK, Choi YH, Verpoorte R. NMR-based plant metabolomics: where do we stand, where do we go? Trends Biotechnol 2011; 29:267-75. [PMID: 21435731 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2011.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2010] [Revised: 01/28/2011] [Accepted: 02/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
NMR-based metabolomics is an important tool for studying biological systems and has been applied in various organisms, including animals, plants and microbes. NMR is able to provide a 'holistic view' of the metabolites under certain conditions, and thus is advantageous for metabolomic studies. To maximize the use of the information obtained, it is also important to create a platform to measure, store and share data. Public databases for storing and sharing information are still lacking for NMR-based metabolomic analysis in plants. Such databases are urgently needed to make metabolic profiling a real omics technology. In addition, to understand metabolic processes in depth, single-cell analysis and the turnover of metabolites in pathways (fluxomics) should be measured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Kyong Kim
- Section Metabolomics, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, P.O. Box 9502, 2300RA Leiden, The Netherlands
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Palama TL, Menard P, Fock I, Choi YH, Bourdon E, Govinden-Soulange J, Bahut M, Payet B, Verpoorte R, Kodja H. Shoot differentiation from protocorm callus cultures of Vanilla planifolia (Orchidaceae): proteomic and metabolic responses at early stage. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2010; 10:82. [PMID: 20444255 PMCID: PMC3095354 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2229-10-82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2009] [Accepted: 05/05/2010] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vanilla planifolia is an important Orchid commercially cultivated for the production of natural vanilla flavour. Vanilla plants are conventionally propagated by stem cuttings and thus causing injury to the mother plants. Regeneration and in vitro mass multiplication are proposed as an alternative to minimize damage to mother plants. Because mass production of V. planifolia through indirect shoot differentiation from callus culture is rare and may be a successful use of in vitro techniques for producing somaclonal variants, we have established a novel protocol for the regeneration of vanilla plants and investigated the initial biochemical and molecular mechanisms that trigger shoot organogenesis from embryogenic/organogenic callus. RESULTS For embryogenic callus induction, seeds obtained from 7-month-old green pods of V. planifolia were inoculated on MS basal medium (BM) containing TDZ (0.5 mg l(-1)). Germination of unorganized mass callus such as protocorm -like structure (PLS) arising from each seed has been observed. The primary embryogenic calli have been formed after transferring on BM containing IAA (0.5 mg l(-1)) and TDZ (0.5 mg l(-1)). These calli were maintained by subculturing on BM containing IAA (0.5 mg l(-1)) and TDZ (0.3 mg l(-1)) during 6 months and formed embryogenic/organogenic calli. Histological analysis showed that shoot organogenesis was induced between 15 and 20 days after embryogenic/organogenic calli were transferred onto MS basal medium with NAA (0.5 mg l(-1)). By associating proteomics and metabolomics analyses, the biochemical and molecular markers responsible for shoot induction have been studied in 15-day-old calli at the stage where no differentiating part was visible on organogenic calli. Two-dimensional electrophoresis followed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight-tandem mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-TOF-MS) analysis revealed that 15 protein spots are significantly expressed (P < 0.05) at earlier stages of shoot differentiation. The majority of these proteins are involved in amino acid-protein metabolism and photosynthetic activity. In accordance with proteomic analysis, metabolic profiling using 1D and 2D NMR techniques showed the importance of numerous compounds related with sugar mobilization and nitrogen metabolism. NMR analysis techniques also allowed the identification of some secondary metabolites such as phenolic compounds whose accumulation was enhanced during shoot differentiation. CONCLUSION The subculture of embryogenic/organogenic calli onto shoot differentiation medium triggers the stimulation of cell metabolism principally at three levels namely (i) initiation of photosynthesis, glycolysis and phenolic compounds synthesis; (ii) amino acid-protein synthesis, and protein stabilization; (iii) sugar degradation. These biochemical mechanisms associated with the initiation of shoot formation during protocorm-like body (PLB) organogenesis could be coordinated by the removal of TDZ in callus maintenance medium. These results might contribute to elucidate the complex mechanism that leads to vanilla callus differentiation and subsequent shoot formation into PLB organogenesis. Moreover, our results highlight an early intermediate metabolic event in vanillin biosynthetic pathway with respect to secondary metabolism. Indeed, for the first time in vanilla tissue culture, phenolic compounds such as glucoside A and glucoside B were identified. The degradation of these compounds in specialized tissue (i.e. young green beans) probably contributes to the biosynthesis of glucovanillin, the parent compound of vanillin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony L Palama
- UMR "Peuplement végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical" Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de La Réunion, 15 Avenue René Cassin, Saint-Denis, La Réunion, France
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Section Metabolomics, Institute Biology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Patrice Menard
- UMR "Peuplement végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical" Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de La Réunion, 15 Avenue René Cassin, Saint-Denis, La Réunion, France
| | - Isabelle Fock
- UMR "Peuplement végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical" Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de La Réunion, 15 Avenue René Cassin, Saint-Denis, La Réunion, France
| | - Young H Choi
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Section Metabolomics, Institute Biology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Emmanuel Bourdon
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Génétique Moléculaire, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de La Réunion, 15 Avenue René Cassin, Saint-Denis, La Réunion
| | - Joyce Govinden-Soulange
- UMR "Peuplement végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical" Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de La Réunion, 15 Avenue René Cassin, Saint-Denis, La Réunion, France
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Mauritius, Réduit, Mauritius
| | - Muriel Bahut
- Plate Forme de Biotechnologies moléculaires, Faculté des Sciences, Université d'Angers, 22, rue Roger Amsler, 49100 Angers, France
| | - Bertrand Payet
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles et des Sciences des Aliments, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de La Réunion, 15 Avenue René Cassin, Saint-Denis, La Réunion, France
| | - Robert Verpoorte
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Section Metabolomics, Institute Biology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hippolyte Kodja
- UMR "Peuplement végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical" Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de La Réunion, 15 Avenue René Cassin, Saint-Denis, La Réunion, France
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Liu NQ, Cao M, Frédérich M, Choi YH, Verpoorte R, van der Kooy F. Metabolomic investigation of the ethnopharmacological use of Artemisia afra with NMR spectroscopy and multivariate data analysis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2010; 128:230-5. [PMID: 20079415 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2009] [Revised: 12/07/2009] [Accepted: 01/05/2010] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Artemisia afra has been used as an infusion to treat malaria throughout the southern parts of Africa, in much the same way as the antimalarial plant Artemisia annua in China. The antiplasmodial activity of purified components from an apolar fraction of Artemisia afra has been shown in the past. No data on the efficacy of the tea infusion prepared from Artemisia afra are however available. OBJECTIVE To investigate the antiplasmodial activity of various extracts of Artemisia afra including an ethnopharmacological prepared sample. To identify polar metabolites in Artemisia afra and Artemisia annua and by using multivariate data analysis investigate the metabolic differences between these species. MATERIALS AND METHODS The antiplasmodial activity of Artemisia afra and Artemisia annua extracts were tested for activity against Plasmodiam falciparum 3D7 (chloroquine-sensitive strain) with chloroquine, quinine and artemisinin as positive controls. Hydrophilic metabolites in Artemisia afra and Artemisia annua were identified directly from the crude extracts through 1D- and 2D-NMR spectra. The NMR spectra were also used to differentiate between the two species using principal component analysis (PCA) for quality control purposes. RESULTS The apolar fractions of both Artemisia afra and Artemisia annua showed activity against P. falciparum while activity was only found in the tea infusion of Artemisia annua. Metabolomic studies using 1D- and 2D-NMR spectroscopy identified 24 semi-polar components in Artemisia afra including three new phenylpropanoids for this species: caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid and 3,5-dicaffeoyl quinic acid. PCA analysis conducted on the samples yielded good separation between the polar extracts of Artemisia afra and Artemisia annua. CONCLUSION These findings shows that there are no in vitro activity in the tea infusion of Artemisia afra and lists the identified metabolites causing the metabolic differences between Artemisia afra and Artemisia annua for quality control purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Qing Liu
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Section of Metabolomics, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, PO Box 9502, Einsteinweg 55, 2333CC Leiden, The Netherlands
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Janas KM, Zielińska-Tomaszewska J, Rybaczek D, Maszewski J, Posmyk MM, Amarowicz R, Kosińska A. The impact of copper ions on growth, lipid peroxidation, and phenolic compound accumulation and localization in lentil (Lens culinaris Medic.) seedlings. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2010; 167:270-276. [PMID: 19900731 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2009.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2009] [Revised: 09/07/2009] [Accepted: 09/12/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Changes in phenolics (PhC) measured as UV-absorbing compounds (UVAC) and their localization as well as growth, lipid peroxidation (TBARS level), H(2)O(2) and Cu accumulation and other ions content in roots of two lentil cultivars (cv. Krak and cv. Tina) contrasting in Cu sensitivity were examined. The aim of this study was to reveal the importance of PhC in Cu tolerance. During Cu treatment, inhibition of growth and increases in lipid peroxidation in roots of both cultivars were observed, but the effects were more pronounced in cv. Tina (more sensitive) than in cv. Krak (less sensitive). Cu at 0.5 mM caused higher Cu and H(2)O(2) accumulation, but lower K(+) content and UVAC levels in the root tips of cv. Tina. Opposite changes were recorded in cv. Krak. Fluorescence microscopic analyses confirmed greater PhC accumulation in cv. Krak (less sensitive) than in cv. Tina (more sensitive) after Cu treatment and showed that these compounds accumulated particularly in vacuoles and the cell wall. Taken together, these results show that, in spite of the high concentration of Cu-stimulated PhC accumulation in cv. Krak, it was not sufficient to counteract the amount of ROS generated by the metal. The role of PhC in different reactions to Cu stress in lentil roots is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Janas
- Department of Ecophysiology and Plant Development, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland.
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