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Raldugina GN, Bogoutdinova LR, Shelepova OV, Kondrateva VV, Platonova EV, Nechaeva TL, Kazantseva VV, Lapshin PV, Rostovtseva HI, Aniskina TS, Kharchenko PN, Zagoskina NV, Gulevich AA, Baranova EN. Heterologous codA Gene Expression Leads to Mitigation of Salt Stress Effects and Modulates Developmental Processes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13998. [PMID: 37762301 PMCID: PMC10531037 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Transgenic tobacco plants overexpressing the choline oxidase gene from A. globiformis showed an increase in resistance at the level of primary and secondary biosynthesis of metabolites, removing the damage characteristic of salinity and stabilizing the condition of plants. We used 200 mM NaCl, which inhibits the growth of tobacco plants at all stages of development. Leaves of transgenic and wild-type (WT) plants Nicotiána tabácum were used for biochemical, cytological and molecular biological analysis. However, for transgenic lines cultivated under normal conditions (without salinity), we noted juvenile characteristics, delay in flowering, and slowing down of development, including the photosynthetic apparatus. This caused changes in the amount of chlorophyll, a delay in the plastid grana development with the preservation of prolamellar bodies. It also caused changes in the amount of sugars and indirectly downstream processes. A significant change in the activity of antioxidant enzymes and a change in metabolism is probably compensated by the regulation of a number of genes, the expression level of which was also changed. Thus, the tolerance of transgenic tobacco plants to salinity, which manifested itself as a result of the constitutive expression of codA, demonstrates an advantage over WT plants, but in the absence of salinity, transgenic plants did not have such advantages due to juvenilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galina N. Raldugina
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 127276 Moscow, Russia; (T.L.N.); (V.V.K.); (P.V.L.); (H.I.R.); (N.V.Z.)
| | - Lilia R. Bogoutdinova
- All Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 127550 Moscow, Russia (P.N.K.); (A.A.G.)
| | - Olga V. Shelepova
- N.V. Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden of Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya 4, 127276 Moscow, Russia (V.V.K.); (T.S.A.)
| | - Vera V. Kondrateva
- N.V. Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden of Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya 4, 127276 Moscow, Russia (V.V.K.); (T.S.A.)
| | | | - Tatiana L. Nechaeva
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 127276 Moscow, Russia; (T.L.N.); (V.V.K.); (P.V.L.); (H.I.R.); (N.V.Z.)
| | - Varvara V. Kazantseva
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 127276 Moscow, Russia; (T.L.N.); (V.V.K.); (P.V.L.); (H.I.R.); (N.V.Z.)
| | - Pyotr V. Lapshin
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 127276 Moscow, Russia; (T.L.N.); (V.V.K.); (P.V.L.); (H.I.R.); (N.V.Z.)
| | - Helen I. Rostovtseva
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 127276 Moscow, Russia; (T.L.N.); (V.V.K.); (P.V.L.); (H.I.R.); (N.V.Z.)
| | - Tatiana S. Aniskina
- N.V. Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden of Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya 4, 127276 Moscow, Russia (V.V.K.); (T.S.A.)
| | - Pyotr N. Kharchenko
- All Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 127550 Moscow, Russia (P.N.K.); (A.A.G.)
| | - Natalia V. Zagoskina
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 127276 Moscow, Russia; (T.L.N.); (V.V.K.); (P.V.L.); (H.I.R.); (N.V.Z.)
| | - Alexander A. Gulevich
- All Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 127550 Moscow, Russia (P.N.K.); (A.A.G.)
| | - Ekaterina N. Baranova
- All Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 127550 Moscow, Russia (P.N.K.); (A.A.G.)
- N.V. Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden of Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya 4, 127276 Moscow, Russia (V.V.K.); (T.S.A.)
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Sun L, Yang Y, Pan H, Zhu J, Zhu M, Xu T, Li Z, Dong T. Molecular Characterization and Target Prediction of Candidate miRNAs Related to Abiotic Stress Responses and/or Storage Root Development in Sweet Potato. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:110. [PMID: 35052451 PMCID: PMC8774570 DOI: 10.3390/genes13010110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Sweet potato is a tuberous root crop with strong environmental stress resistance. It is beneficial to study its storage root formation and stress responses to identify sweet potato stress- and storage-root-thickening-related regulators. Here, six conserved miRNAs (miR156g, miR157d, miR158a-3p, miR161.1, miR167d and miR397a) and six novel miRNAs (novel 104, novel 120, novel 140, novel 214, novel 359 and novel 522) were isolated and characterized in sweet potato. Tissue-specific expression patterns suggested that miR156g, miR157d, miR158a-3p, miR167d, novel 359 and novel 522 exhibited high expression in fibrous roots or storage roots and were all upregulated in response to storage-root-related hormones (indole acetic acid, IAA; zeaxanthin, ZT; abscisic acid, ABA; and gibberellin, GAs). The expression of miR156g, miR158a-3p, miR167d, novel 120 and novel 214 was induced or reduced dramatically by salt, dehydration and cold or heat stresses. Moreover, these miRNAs were all upregulated by ABA, a crucial hormone modulator in regulating abiotic stresses. Additionally, the potential targets of the twelve miRNAs were predicted and analyzed. Above all, these results indicated that these miRNAs might play roles in storage root development and/or stress responses in sweet potato as well as provided valuable information for the further investigation of the roles of miRNA in storage root development and stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Sun
- Institute of Integrative Plant Biology, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221008, China; (L.S.); (Y.Y.); (J.Z.); (M.Z.)
| | - Yiyu Yang
- Institute of Integrative Plant Biology, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221008, China; (L.S.); (Y.Y.); (J.Z.); (M.Z.)
| | - Hong Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Phylogenomics & Comparative Genomics, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221008, China; (H.P.); (T.X.)
| | - Jiahao Zhu
- Institute of Integrative Plant Biology, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221008, China; (L.S.); (Y.Y.); (J.Z.); (M.Z.)
| | - Mingku Zhu
- Institute of Integrative Plant Biology, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221008, China; (L.S.); (Y.Y.); (J.Z.); (M.Z.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Phylogenomics & Comparative Genomics, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221008, China; (H.P.); (T.X.)
| | - Tao Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Phylogenomics & Comparative Genomics, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221008, China; (H.P.); (T.X.)
| | - Zongyun Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Phylogenomics & Comparative Genomics, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221008, China; (H.P.); (T.X.)
| | - Tingting Dong
- Institute of Integrative Plant Biology, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221008, China; (L.S.); (Y.Y.); (J.Z.); (M.Z.)
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Liu L, Wang B, Liu D, Zou C, Wu P, Wang Z, Wang Y, Li C. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses reveal mechanisms of adaptation to salinity in which carbon and nitrogen metabolism is altered in sugar beet roots. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:138. [PMID: 32245415 PMCID: PMC7118825 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02349-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Beta vulgaris L. is one of the main sugar-producing crop species and is highly adaptable to saline soil. This study explored the alterations to the carbon and nitrogen metabolism mechanisms enabling the roots of sugar beet seedlings to adapt to salinity. RESULTS The ionome, metabolome, and transcriptome of the roots of sugar beet seedlings were evaluated after 1 day (short term) and 7 days (long term) of 300 mM Na+ treatment. Salt stress caused reactive oxygen species (ROS) damage and ion toxicity in the roots. Interestingly, under salt stress, the increase in the Na+/K+ ratio compared to the control ratio on day 7 was lower than that on day 1 in the roots. The transcriptomic results showed that a large number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were enriched in various metabolic pathways. A total of 1279 and 903 DEGs were identified on days 1 and 7, respectively, and were mapped mainly to 10 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. Most of the genes were involved in carbon metabolism and amino acid (AA) biosynthesis. Furthermore, metabolomic analysis revealed that sucrose metabolism and the activity of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle increased in response to salt stress. After 1 day of stress, the content of sucrose decreased, whereas the content of organic acids (OAs) such as L-malic acid and 2-oxoglutaric acid increased. After 7 days of salt stress, nitrogen-containing metabolites such as AAs, betaine, melatonin, and (S)-2-aminobutyric acid increased significantly. In addition, multiomic analysis revealed that the expression of the gene encoding xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) was upregulated and that the expression of the gene encoding allantoinase (ALN) was significantly downregulated, resulting in a large accumulation of allantoin. Correlation analysis revealed that most genes were significantly related to only allantoin and xanthosine. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that carbon and nitrogen metabolism was altered in the roots of sugar beet plants under salt stress. Nitrogen metabolism plays a major role in the late stages of salt stress. Allantoin, which is involved in the purine metabolic pathway, may be a key regulator of sugar beet salt tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- College of Agronomy, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang China
| | - Bin Wang
- College of Agronomy, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang China
| | - Dan Liu
- College of Agronomy, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang China
| | - Chunlei Zou
- College of Agronomy, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang China
| | - Peiran Wu
- College of Agronomy, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang China
| | - Ziyang Wang
- College of Agronomy, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang China
| | - Yubo Wang
- College of Agronomy, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang China
| | - Caifeng Li
- College of Agronomy, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang China
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Chen L, Liu X, Huang X, Luo W, Long Y, Greiner S, Rausch T, Zhao H. Functional Characterization of a Drought-Responsive Invertase Inhibitor from Maize ( Zea mays L.). Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4081. [PMID: 31438536 PMCID: PMC6747265 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Invertases (INVs) play essential roles in plant growth in response to environmental cues. Previous work showed that plant invertases can be post-translationally regulated by small protein inhibitors (INVINHs). Here, this study characterizes a proteinaceous inhibitor of INVs in maize (Zm-INVINH4). A functional analysis of the recombinant Zm-INVINH4 protein revealed that it inhibited both cell wall and vacuolar invertase activities from maize leaves. A Zm-INVINH4::green fluorescent protein fusion experiment indicated that this protein localized in the apoplast. Transcript analysis showed that Zm-INVINH4 is specifically expressed in maize sink tissues, such as the base part of the leaves and young kernels. Moreover, drought stress perturbation significantly induced Zm-INVINH4 expression, which was accompanied with a decrease of cell wall invertase (CWI) activities and an increase of sucrose accumulation in both base parts of the leaves 2 to 7 days after pollinated kernels. In summary, the results support the hypothesis that INV-related sink growth in response to drought treatment is (partially) caused by a silencing of INV activity via drought-induced induction of Zm-INVINH4 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chen
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiaojia Huang
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wei Luo
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yuming Long
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Steffen Greiner
- Centre for Organismal Studies Heidelberg, Department of Plant Molecular Physiology, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Rausch
- Centre for Organismal Studies Heidelberg, Department of Plant Molecular Physiology, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hongbo Zhao
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Wei T, Wang Y, Xie Z, Guo D, Chen C, Fan Q, Deng X, Liu J. Enhanced ROS scavenging and sugar accumulation contribute to drought tolerance of naturally occurring autotetraploids in Poncirus trifoliata. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2019; 17:1394-1407. [PMID: 30578709 PMCID: PMC6576089 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Tetraploids have been reported to exhibit increased stress tolerance, but the underlying molecular and physiological mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, autotetraploid plants were identified by screening natural seedlings of trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata). The tetraploids exhibited different morphology and displayed significantly enhanced drought and dehydration tolerance in comparison with the diploid progenitor. Transcriptome analysis indicated that a number of stress-responsive genes and pathways were differentially influenced and enriched in the tetraploids, in particular those coding for enzymes related to antioxidant process and sugar metabolism. Transcript levels and activities of antioxidant enzymes (peroxidase and superoxide dismutase) and sucrose-hydrolysing enzyme (vacuolar invertase) were increased in the tetraploids upon exposure to the drought, concomitant with greater levels of glucose but lower level of reactive oxygen species (ROS). These data indicate that the tetraploids might undergo extensive transcriptome reprogramming of genes involved in ROS scavenging and sugar metabolism, which contributes, synergistically or independently, to the enhanced stress tolerance of the tetraploid. Our results reveal that the tetraploids take priority over the diploid for stress tolerance by maintaining a more robust system of ROS detoxification and osmotic adjustment via elevating antioxidant capacity and sugar accumulation in comparison with the diploid counterpart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonglu Wei
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE)College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Yue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE)College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Zongzhou Xie
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE)College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Dayong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE)College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Chuanwu Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Citrus BiologyGuangxi Academy of Specialty CropsGuilinChina
| | - Qijun Fan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Citrus BiologyGuangxi Academy of Specialty CropsGuilinChina
| | - Xiaodong Deng
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE)College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Ji‐Hong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE)College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
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Vishal B, Krishnamurthy P, Ramamoorthy R, Kumar PP. OsTPS8 controls yield-related traits and confers salt stress tolerance in rice by enhancing suberin deposition. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2019; 221:1369-1386. [PMID: 30289560 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Class I TREHALOSE-PHOSPHATE-SYNTHASE (TPS) genes affect salinity tolerance and plant development. However, the function of class IITPS genes and their underlying mechanisms of action are unknown. We report the identification and functional analysis of a rice class IITPS gene (OsTPS8). The ostps8 mutant was characterised by GC-MS analysis, an abscisic acid (ABA) sensitivity test and by generating transgenic lines. To identify the underlying mechanism, gene expression analyses, genetic complementation and examination of suberin deposition in the roots were conducted. The ostps8 mutant showed salt sensitivity, ABA sensitivity and altered agronomic traits compared to the wild-type (WT), which could be rescued upon complementation. The dsRNAi line phenocopied the mutant, while the overexpression lines exhibited enhanced salt tolerance. The ostps8 mutant showed significantly reduced soluble sugars, Casparian bands and suberin deposition in the roots compared to the WT and overexpression lines. The mutant also showed downregulation of SAPKs (rice SnRK2s) and ABA-responsive genes. Furthermore, ostps8pUBI::SAPK9 rescued the salt-sensitive phenotype of ostps8. Our results suggest that OsTPS8 may regulate suberin deposition in rice through ABA signalling. Additionally, SAPK9-mediated regulation of altered ABA-responsive genes helps to confer salinity tolerance. Overexpression of OsTPS8 was adequate to confer enhanced salinity tolerance without any yield penalty, suggesting its usefulness in rice genetic improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhushan Vishal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, 117543, Singapore
| | - Pannaga Krishnamurthy
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, 117543, Singapore
| | - Rengasamy Ramamoorthy
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, 117543, Singapore
| | - Prakash P Kumar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, 117543, Singapore
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Kırtel O, Versluys M, Van den Ende W, Toksoy Öner E. Fructans of the saline world. Biotechnol Adv 2018; 36:1524-1539. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Lee WS, Gudimella R, Wong GR, Tammi MT, Khalid N, Harikrishna JA. Transcripts and MicroRNAs Responding to Salt Stress in Musa acuminata Colla (AAA Group) cv. Berangan Roots. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127526. [PMID: 25993649 PMCID: PMC4439137 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Physiological responses to stress are controlled by expression of a large number of genes, many of which are regulated by microRNAs. Since most banana cultivars are salt-sensitive, improved understanding of genetic regulation of salt induced stress responses in banana can support future crop management and improvement in the face of increasing soil salinity related to irrigation and climate change. In this study we focused on determining miRNA and their targets that respond to NaCl exposure and used transcriptome sequencing of RNA and small RNA from control and NaCl-treated banana roots to assemble a cultivar-specific reference transcriptome and identify orthologous and Musa-specific miRNA responding to salinity. We observed that, banana roots responded to salinity stress with changes in expression for a large number of genes (9.5% of 31,390 expressed unigenes) and reduction in levels of many miRNA, including several novel miRNA and banana-specific miRNA-target pairs. Banana roots expressed a unique set of orthologous and Musa-specific miRNAs of which 59 respond to salt stress in a dose-dependent manner. Gene expression patterns of miRNA compared with those of their predicted mRNA targets indicated that a majority of the differentially expressed miRNAs were down-regulated in response to increased salinity, allowing increased expression of targets involved in diverse biological processes including stress signaling, stress defence, transport, cellular homeostasis, metabolism and other stress-related functions. This study may contribute to the understanding of gene regulation and abiotic stress response of roots and the high-throughput sequencing data sets generated may serve as important resources related to salt tolerance traits for functional genomic studies and genetic improvement in banana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Sin Lee
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ranganath Gudimella
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Gwo Rong Wong
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Martti Tapani Tammi
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Bioinformatics, Sime Darby Technology Centre Sdn Bhd, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Norzulaani Khalid
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jennifer Ann Harikrishna
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- * E-mail:
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Thouvenot L, Deleu C, Berardocco S, Haury J, Thiébaut G. Characterization of the salt stress vulnerability of three invasive freshwater plant species using a metabolic profiling approach. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 175:113-121. [PMID: 25544588 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2014.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Revised: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The effects of salt stress on freshwater plants has been little studied up to now, despite the fact that they are expected to present different levels of salt sensitivity or salt resistance depending on the species. The aim of this work was to assess the effect of NaCl at two concentrations on three invasive freshwater species, Elodea canadensis, Myriophyllum aquaticum and Ludwigia grandiflora, by examining morphological and physiological parameters and using metabolic profiling. The growth rate (biomass and stem length) was reduced for all species, whatever the salt treatment, but the response to salt differed between the three species, depending on the NaCl concentration. For E. canadensis, the physiological traits and metabolic profiles were only slightly modified in response to salt, whereas M. aquaticum and L. grandiflora showed great changes. In both of these species, root number, photosynthetic pigment content, amino acids and carbohydrate metabolism were affected by the salt treatments. Moreover, we are the first to report the salt-induced accumulation of compatible solutes in both species. Indeed, in response to NaCl, L. grandiflora mainly accumulated sucrose. The response of M. aquaticum was more complex, because it accumulated not only sucrose and myo-inositol whatever the level of salt stress, but also amino acids such as proline and GABA, but only at high NaCl concentrations. These responses are the metabolic responses typically found in terrestrial plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lise Thouvenot
- University of Rennes 1, UMR 6553 CNRS-Université Rennes 1, Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, Evolution (ECOBIO), avenue du Général Leclerc, F-35042 Rennes, France; Agrocampus-Ouest, UMR Agrocampus Ouest/INRA-Ecologie et sante des écosystèmes (ESE), rue de St Brieuc, F-35042 Rennes, France
| | - Carole Deleu
- University of Rennes 1, UMR 1349 INRA-Agrocampus Ouest-Université Rennes 1, Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP), avenue du Général Leclerc, F-35042 Rennes, France
| | - Solenne Berardocco
- University of Rennes 1, UMR 1349 INRA-Agrocampus Ouest-Université Rennes 1, Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP), avenue du Général Leclerc, F-35042 Rennes, France
| | - Jacques Haury
- Agrocampus-Ouest, UMR Agrocampus Ouest/INRA-Ecologie et sante des écosystèmes (ESE), rue de St Brieuc, F-35042 Rennes, France
| | - Gabrielle Thiébaut
- University of Rennes 1, UMR 6553 CNRS-Université Rennes 1, Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, Evolution (ECOBIO), avenue du Général Leclerc, F-35042 Rennes, France.
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10
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Xing WW, Li L, Gao P, Li H, Shao QS, Shu S, Sun J, Guo SR. Effects of grafting with pumpkin rootstock on carbohydrate metabolism in cucumber seedlings under Ca(NO3)2 stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2015; 87:124-132. [PMID: 25579659 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2014.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of grafting on the carbohydrate status and the enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism in self-grafted and grafted cucumber seedlings using the salt-tolerant pumpkin rootstock 'Qingzhen 1' (Cucurbita maxima × Cucurbita moschata) under 80 mM Ca(NO3)2 stress for 6 d. The growth of self-grafted seedlings was significantly inhibited after the treatment of Ca(NO3)2 stress, whereas the inhibition of growth was alleviated in pumpkin rootstock-grafted seedlings. Ca(NO3)2 stress increased the contents of the total soluble sugar, sucrose and fructose, but decreased the starch content in rootstock-grafted leaves. However, compared with self-grafted plants, rootstock-grafted seedlings were observed with a higher content of sucrose and total soluble sugar (TSS) under salt stress. Rootstock-grafted seedlings exhibited higher activities of acid invertase (AI), neutral invertase (NI) and phosphate sucrose synthase (SPS) of sucrose metabolism in leaves than that of self-grafted seedlings under salinity. Moreover, the activities of fructokinase (FK), hexokinase (HK), phosphofructokinase (PFK) and pyruvate kinase (PK) of glycolysis were maintained at a higher level in leaves of rootstock-grafted seedlings after Ca(NO3)2 stress. Additionally, rootstock-grafting decrease the high percentage enhancement of key enzymes gene expression in glycolysis in the scion leaves of cucumber seedlings induced by salt stress. These results suggest that the rootstock-grafting improved salt tolerance, which might play a role in elevated sucrose metabolism and a glycolytic pathway regulated by the pumpkin rootstock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-wen Xing
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetables Genetic Improvement of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
| | - Lin Li
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetables Genetic Improvement of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
| | - Pan Gao
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetables Genetic Improvement of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
| | - He Li
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetables Genetic Improvement of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
| | - Qiao-sai Shao
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetables Genetic Improvement of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
| | - Sheng Shu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetables Genetic Improvement of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
| | - Jin Sun
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetables Genetic Improvement of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210095, PR China; Facility Horticulture Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, Suqian 223800, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
| | - Shi-rong Guo
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetables Genetic Improvement of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210095, PR China; Facility Horticulture Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, Suqian 223800, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
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11
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Colaneri AC, Jones AM. The wiring diagram for plant G signaling. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2014; 22:56-64. [PMID: 25282586 PMCID: PMC4676402 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2014.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Revised: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Like electronic circuits, the modular arrangement of cell-signaling networks decides how inputs produce outputs. Animal heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide binding proteins (G-proteins) operate as switches in the circuits that signal between extracellular agonists and intracellular effectors. There still is no biochemical evidence for a receptor or its agonist in the plant G-protein pathways. Plant G-proteins deviate in many important ways from the animal paradigm. This review covers important discoveries from the last two years that enlighten these differences and ends describing alternative wiring diagrams for the plant signaling circuits regulated by G-proteins. We propose that plant G-proteins are integrated in the signaling circuits as variable resistor rather than switches, controlling the flux of information in response to the cell's metabolic state.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alan M Jones
- The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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12
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Urano D, Colaneri A, Jones AM. Gα modulates salt-induced cellular senescence and cell division in rice and maize. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2014; 65:6553-61. [PMID: 25227951 PMCID: PMC4246186 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eru372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The plant G-protein network, comprising Gα, Gβ, and Gγ core subunits, regulates development, senses sugar, and mediates biotic and abiotic stress responses. Here, we report G-protein signalling in the salt stress response using two crop models, rice and maize. Loss-of-function mutations in the corresponding genes encoding the Gα subunit attenuate growth inhibition and cellular senescence caused by sodium chloride (NaCl). Gα null mutations conferred reduced leaf senescence, chlorophyll degradation, and cytoplasm electrolyte leakage under NaCl stress. Sodium accumulated in both wild-type and Gα-mutant shoots to the same levels, suggesting that Gα signalling controls cell death in leaves rather than sodium exclusion in roots. Growth inhibition is probably initiated by osmotic change around root cells, because KCl and MgSO4 also suppressed seedling growth equally as well as NaCl. NaCl lowered rates of cell division and elongation in the wild-type leaf sheath to the level of the Gα-null mutants; however there was no NaCl-induced decrease in cell division in the Gα mutant, implying that the osmotic phase of salt stress suppresses cell proliferation through the inhibition of Gα-coupled signalling. These results reveal two distinct functions of Gα in NaCl stress in these grasses: attenuation of leaf senescence caused by sodium toxicity in leaves, and cell cycle regulation by osmotic/ionic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Urano
- Department of Biology at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-3280, USA
| | - Alejandro Colaneri
- Department of Biology at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-3280, USA
| | - Alan M Jones
- Department of Biology at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-3280, USA Department of Pharmacology at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-3280, USA
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13
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Colaneri AC, Tunc-Ozdemir M, Huang JP, Jones AM. Growth attenuation under saline stress is mediated by the heterotrimeric G protein complex. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2014; 14:129. [PMID: 24884438 PMCID: PMC4061919 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2229-14-129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant growth is plastic, able to rapidly adjust to fluctuation in environmental conditions such as drought and salinity. Due to long-term irrigation use in agricultural systems, soil salinity is increasing; consequently crop yield is adversely affected. It is known that salt tolerance is a quantitative trait supported by genes affecting ion homeostasis, ion transport, ion compartmentalization and ion selectivity. Less is known about pathways connecting NaCl and cell proliferation and cell death. Plant growth and cell proliferation is, in part, controlled by the concerted activity of the heterotrimeric G-protein complex with glucose. Prompted by the abundance of stress-related, functional annotations of genes encoding proteins that interact with core components of the Arabidopsis heterotrimeric G protein complex (AtRGS1, AtGPA1, AGB1, and AGG), we tested the hypothesis that G proteins modulate plant growth under salt stress. RESULTS Na+ activates G signaling as quantitated by internalization of Arabidopsis Regulator of G Signaling protein 1 (AtRGS1). Despite being components of a singular signaling complex loss of the Gβ subunit (agb1-2 mutant) conferred accelerated senescence and aborted development in the presence of Na+, whereas loss of AtRGS1 (rgs1-2 mutant) conferred Na+ tolerance evident as less attenuated shoot growth and senescence. Site-directed changes in the Gα and Gβγ protein-protein interface were made to disrupt the interaction between the Gα and Gβγ subunits in order to elevate free activated Gα subunit and free Gβγ dimer at the plasma membrane. These mutations conferred sodium tolerance. Glucose in the growth media improved the survival under salt stress in Col but not in agb1-2 or rgs1-2 mutants. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate a direct role for G-protein signaling in the plant growth response to salt stress. The contrasting phenotypes of agb1-2 and rgs1-2 mutants suggest that G-proteins balance growth and death under salt stress. The phenotypes of the loss-of-function mutations prompted the model that during salt stress, G activation promotes growth and attenuates senescence probably by releasing ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro C Colaneri
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill NC, 27599, USA
| | - Meral Tunc-Ozdemir
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill NC, 27599, USA
| | - Jian Ping Huang
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill NC, 27599, USA
| | - Alan M Jones
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill NC, 27599, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
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Yao Y, Geng MT, Wu XH, Liu J, Li RM, Hu XW, Guo JC. Genome-wide identification, 3D modeling, expression and enzymatic activity analysis of cell wall invertase gene family from cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz). Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:7313-31. [PMID: 24786092 PMCID: PMC4057674 DOI: 10.3390/ijms15057313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Revised: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The cell wall invertases play a crucial role on the sucrose metabolism in plant source and sink organs. In this research, six cell wall invertase genes (MeCWINV1-6) were cloned from cassava. All the MeCWINVs contain a putative signal peptide with a predicted extracellular location. The overall predicted structures of the MeCWINV1-6 are similar to AtcwINV1. Their N-terminus domain forms a β-propeller module and three conserved sequence domains (NDPNG, RDP and WECP(V)D), in which the catalytic residues are situated in these domains; while the C-terminus domain consists of a β-sandwich module. The predicted structure of Pro residue from the WECPD (MeCWINV1, 2, 5, and 6), and Val residue from the WECVD (MeCWINV3 and 4) are different. The activity of MeCWINV1 and 3 were higher than other MeCWINVs in leaves and tubers, which suggested that sucrose was mainly catalyzed by the MeCWINV1 and 3 in the apoplastic space of cassava source and sink organs. The transcriptional levels of all the MeCWINVs and their enzymatic activity were lower in tubers than in leaves at all the stages during the cassava tuber development. It suggested that the major role of the MeCWINVs was on the regulation of carbon exportation from source leaves, and the ratio of sucrose to hexose in the apoplasts; the role of these enzymes on the sucrose unloading to tuber was weaker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yao
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China.
| | - Meng-Ting Geng
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China.
| | - Xiao-Hui Wu
- Agricultural College of Hainan University, Haikou 571104, China.
| | - Jiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China.
| | - Rui-Mei Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China.
| | - Xin-Wen Hu
- Agricultural College of Hainan University, Haikou 571104, China.
| | - Jian-Chun Guo
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China.
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