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Li K, Zhai L, Pi Y, Fu S, Wu T, Zhang X, Xu X, Han Z, Wang Y. Mitogen-activated protein kinase MxMPK3-2 mediated phosphorylation of MxZR3.1 participates in regulating iron homoeostasis in apple rootstocks. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:2510-2525. [PMID: 38514902 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
The micronutrient iron plays a crucial role in the growth and development of plants, necessitating meticulous regulation for its absorption by plants. Prior research has demonstrated that the transcription factor MxZR3.1 restricts iron absorption in apple rootstocks; however, the precise mechanism by which MxZR3.1 contributes to the regulation of iron homoeostasis in apple rootstocks remains unexplored. Here, MxMPK3-2, a protein kinase, was discovered to interact with MxZR3.1. Y2H, bimolecular fluorescence complementation and pull down experiments were used to confirm the interaction. Phosphorylation and cell semi-degradation tests have shown that MxZR3.1 can be used as a substrate of MxMPK3-2, which leads to the MxZR3.1 protein being more stable. In addition, through tobacco transient transformation (LUC and GUS) experiments, it was confirmed that MxZR3.1 significantly inhibited the activity of the MxHA2 promoter, while MxMPK3-2 mediated phosphorylation at the Ser94 site of MxZR3.1 further inhibited the activity of the MxHA2 promoter. It is tightly controlled to absorb iron during normal growth and development of apple rootstocks due to the regulatory effect of the MxMPK3-2-MxZR3.1 module on MxHA2 transcription level. Consequently, this research has revealed the molecular basis of how the MxMPK3-2-MxZR3.1 module in apple rootstocks controls iron homoeostasis by regulating the MxHA2 promoter's activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keting Li
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China
| | - Longmei Zhai
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Pi
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China
| | - Sitong Fu
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Wu
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China
| | - Xinzhong Zhang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China
| | - Xuefeng Xu
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenhai Han
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Wang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China
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Baena G, Xia L, Waghmare S, Yu Z, Guo Y, Blatt MR, Zhang B, Karnik R. Arabidopsis SNARE SYP132 impacts on PIP2;1 trafficking and function in salinity stress. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 118:1036-1053. [PMID: 38289468 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
In plants so-called plasma membrane intrinsic proteins (PIPs) are major water channels governing plant water status. Membrane trafficking contributes to functional regulation of major PIPs and is crucial for abiotic stress resilience. Arabidopsis PIP2;1 is rapidly internalised from the plasma membrane in response to high salinity to regulate osmotic water transport, but knowledge of the underlying mechanisms is fragmentary. Here we show that PIP2;1 occurs in complex with SYNTAXIN OF PLANTS 132 (SYP132) together with the plasma membrane H+-ATPase AHA1 as evidenced through in vivo and in vitro analysis. SYP132 is a multifaceted vesicle trafficking protein, known to interact with AHA1 and promote endocytosis to impact growth and pathogen defence. Tracking native proteins in immunoblot analysis, we found that salinity stress enhances SYP132 interactions with PIP2;1 and PIP2;2 isoforms to promote redistribution of the water channels away from the plasma membrane. Concurrently, AHA1 binding within the SYP132-complex was significantly reduced under salinity stress and increased the density of AHA1 proteins at the plasma membrane in leaf tissue. Manipulating SYP132 function in Arabidopsis thaliana enhanced resilience to salinity stress and analysis in heterologous systems suggested that the SNARE influences PIP2;1 osmotic water permeability. We propose therefore that SYP132 coordinates AHA1 and PIP2;1 abundance at the plasma membrane and influences leaf hydraulics to regulate plant responses to abiotic stress signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Baena
- Plant Science Group, School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Bower Building, University Avenue, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Lingfeng Xia
- Plant Science Group, School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Bower Building, University Avenue, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Sakharam Waghmare
- Plant Science Group, School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Bower Building, University Avenue, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - ZhiYi Yu
- Plant Science Group, School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Bower Building, University Avenue, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Yue Guo
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, China
| | - Michael R Blatt
- Plant Science Group, School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Bower Building, University Avenue, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Ben Zhang
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, China
| | - Rucha Karnik
- Plant Science Group, School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Bower Building, University Avenue, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
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Wang R, Li R, Zheng P, Yang Z, Qian C, Wang Z, Qian S. Silver Nanoparticles Modified with Polygonatum sibiricum Polysaccharide Improve Biocompatibility and Infected Wound Bacteriostasis. J Microbiol 2023:10.1007/s12275-023-00042-8. [PMID: 37052796 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-023-00042-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) exhibit strong antibacterial activity and do not easily induce drug resistance; however, the poor stability and biocompatibility in solution limit their widespread application. In this study, AgNPs were modified with Polygonatum sibiricum Polysaccharide (PSP) to synthesize PSP@AgNPs with good stability, biocompatibility, and antibacterial activity. When PSP@AgNP synthesis was performed under a reaction time of 70 min, a reaction temperature of 35 °C, and an AgNO3-to-PSP volume ratio of 1:1, the synthesized PSP@AgNPs were more regular and uniform than AgNPs, and their particle size was around 10 nm. PSP@AgNPs exhibited lower cytotoxicity and hemolysis, and stronger bacteriostatic activity. PSP@AgNPs damage the integrity and internal structure of cells, resulting in the leakage of intracellular nucleic acids and proteins. The rate of cell membrane damage in Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus treated with PSP@AgNPs increased by 38.52% and 43.75%, respectively, compared with that of AgNPs. PSP@AgNPs inhibit the activities of key enzymes related to antioxidant, energy and substance metabolism in cells. The inhibitory effects on the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), adenosine triphosphate enzyme (ATPase), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) in E. coli and S. aureus cells were significantly higher than those of AgNPs. In addition, compared with AgNPs, PSP@AgNPs promote faster healing of infected wounds. Therefore, PSP@AgNPs represent potential antibacterial agents against wound infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruonan Wang
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, 241000, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongyu Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Zheng
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, 241000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zicheng Yang
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, 241000, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Qian
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, 241000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhou Wang
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, 241000, People's Republic of China
| | - Senhe Qian
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, 241000, People's Republic of China.
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Cataldo E, Fucile M, Manzi D, Masini CM, Doni S, Mattii GB. Sustainable Soil Management: Effects of Clinoptilolite and Organic Compost Soil Application on Eco-Physiology, Quercitin, and Hydroxylated, Methoxylated Anthocyanins on Vitis vinifera. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:708. [PMID: 36840056 PMCID: PMC9967315 DOI: 10.3390/plants12040708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Climate change and compostinS1g methods have an important junction on the phenological and ripening grapevine phases. Moreover, the optimization of these composting methods in closed-loop corporate chains can skillfully address the waste problem (pomace, stalks, and pruning residues) in viticultural areas. Owing to the ongoing global warming, in many wine-growing regions, there has been unbalanced ripening, with tricky harvests. Excessive temperatures in fact impoverish the anthocyanin amount of the must while the serious water deficits do not allow a correct development of the berry, stopping its growth processes. This experiment was created to improve the soil management and the quality of the grapes, through the application of a new land conditioner (Zeowine) to the soil, derived from the compost processes of industrial wine, waste, and zeolite. Three treatments on a Sangiovese vineyard were conducted: Zeowine (ZW) (30 tons per ha), Zeolite (Z) (10 tons per ha), and Compost (C) (20 tons per ha). During the two seasons (2021-2022), measurements were made of single-leaf gas exchange and leaf midday water potential, as well as chlorophyll fluorescence. In addition, the parameters of plant yield, yeast assimilable nitrogen, technological maturity, fractionation of anthocyanins (Cyanidin-3-glucoside, Delphinidin-3-glucoside, Malvidin-3-acetylglucoside, Malvidin-3-cumarylglucoside, Malvidin-3-glucoside, Peonidin-3-acetylglucoside, Peonidin-3-cumarylglucoside, Peonidin-3-glucoside, and Petunidin-3-glucoside), Caffeic Acid, Coumaric Acid, Gallic Acid, Ferulic Acid, Kaempferol-3-O-glucoside, Quercetin-3-O-rutinoside, Quercetin-3-O-glucoside, Quercetin-3-O-galactoside, and Quercetin-3-O-glucuronide were analyzed. The Zeowine and zeolite showed less negative water potential, higher photosynthesis, and lower leaf temperature. Furthermore, they showed higher levels of anthocyanin accumulation and a lower level of quercetin. Finally, the interaction of the beneficial results of Zeowine (soil and grapevines) was evidenced by the embellishment of the nutritional and water efficiency, the minimizing of the need for fertilizers, the closure of the production cycle of waste material from the supply chain, and the improvement of the quality of the wines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Cataldo
- DAGRI, Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment, and Forestry Sciences and Technologies, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - Maddalena Fucile
- DAGRI, Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment, and Forestry Sciences and Technologies, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | | | | | - Serena Doni
- CNR IRET, Via Moruzzi, 1, 56124 Pisa, PI, Italy
| | - Giovan Battista Mattii
- DAGRI, Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment, and Forestry Sciences and Technologies, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
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Li H, Qu H, Wang J. Application of a Low-Temperature Plasma Knife to Excise a Spindle Cell Tumor of the Nasal Cavity: A Case Report. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2022:1455613221139401. [PMID: 36355392 DOI: 10.1177/01455613221139401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023] Open
Abstract
To describe a rare case of spindle cell tumor in the nasal cavity of a young female, along with its successful surgical management using a low-temperature plasma knife. A 38-year-old female patient presented with a 6-month history of nasal blockage, hyposmia, and local tenderness. The patient denied a history of definite diagnosis or special treatment. A preoperative magnetic resonance imaging scan revealed the size and extent of the tumor in her nasal cavity. She underwent endoscopic surgery for the sinus using a low-temperature plasma knife. The procedure was performed without complications, and her symptoms resolved within 1 month. The postoperative pathology report suggested a spindle cell tumor in her nasal cavity. Nasal spindle cell tumor is rare and usually presents with no specific clinical symptoms, which should be taken into consideration during diagnosis. In this case, we demonstrate that the effectiveness and safety of sinus surgery can be improved and aided by a low-temperature plasma knife and nasal endoscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hangjin Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Hui Qu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jizhe Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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Zhou S, Wang P, Ding Y, Xie L, Li A. Modification of plasma membrane H+-ATPase in Masson pine (Pinus massoniana Lamb.) seedling roots adapting to acid deposition. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 42:1432-1449. [PMID: 35137231 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpac015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
To understand the regulation of roots plasma membrane H+-ATPase in Masson pine responding to acid deposition, the changes in biomass, plant morphology, intracellular H+, enzyme activity and H+-ATPase genes expression in Masson pine seedlings exposed to simulated acid rain (SAR, pH 5.6 and 4.6) with and without vanadate were studied. Simulated acid rain exposure for 60 days increased the intracellular H+ in pine roots whether added with 0.1 mM Na3VO4 or not. The growth of seedlings treated with SAR was maintained well, even the primary lateral root length, root dry weight and number of root tips in seedlings exposed to SAR at pH 4.6 were higher than that of the control (pH 6.6). However, the addition of vanadate resulted in severe growth inhibition and obvious decline in morphological parameters. Similarly, ATP hydrolytic activity and H+ transport activity of roots plasma membrane H+-ATPase, both were stimulated by SAR whereas they were inhibited by vanadate, and the highest activity stimulation was observed in pine roots subjected to SAR at pH 4.6. In addition, SAR also induced the expression of the investigated H+-ATPase subunits (atpB, atpE, atpF, atpH and atpI). Therefore, the roots plasma membrane H+-ATPase is instrumental in the growth of Masson pine seedlings adapting to acid rain by a manner of pumping more protons across the membrane through enhancing its activity, and which involves the upregulated gene expression of roots H+-ATPase subunits at transcriptional level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijie Zhou
- Department of Ecology, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, No. 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics & Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, No. 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, P.R. China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Ecology, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, No. 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics & Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, No. 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, P.R. China
| | - Yi Ding
- Department of Ecology, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, No. 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics & Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, No. 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, P.R. China
| | - Linbei Xie
- Department of Ecology, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, No. 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics & Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, No. 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, P.R. China
| | - Ao Li
- Department of Ecology, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, No. 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics & Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, No. 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, P.R. China
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The molecular mechanism of plasma membrane H +-ATPases in plant responses to abiotic stress. J Genet Genomics 2022; 49:715-725. [PMID: 35654346 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2022.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Plasma membrane H+-ATPases (PM H+-ATPases) are critical proton pumps that export protons from the cytoplasm to the apoplast. The resulting proton gradient and difference in electrical potential energize various secondary active transport events. PM H+-ATPases play essential roles in plant growth, development, and stress responses. In this review, we focus on recent studies of the mechanism of PM H+-ATPases in response to abiotic stresses in plants, such as salt and high pH, temperature, drought, light, macronutrient deficiency, acidic soil and aluminum stress, as well as heavy metal toxicity. Moreover, we discuss remaining outstanding questions about how PM H+-ATPases contribute to abiotic stress responses.
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Khan A, Khan V, Pandey K, Sopory SK, Sanan-Mishra N. Thermo-Priming Mediated Cellular Networks for Abiotic Stress Management in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:866409. [PMID: 35646001 PMCID: PMC9136941 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.866409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Plants can adapt to different environmental conditions and can survive even under very harsh conditions. They have developed elaborate networks of receptors and signaling components, which modulate their biochemistry and physiology by regulating the genetic information. Plants also have the abilities to transmit information between their different parts to ensure a holistic response to any adverse environmental challenge. One such phenomenon that has received greater attention in recent years is called stress priming. Any milder exposure to stress is used by plants to prime themselves by modifying various cellular and molecular parameters. These changes seem to stay as memory and prepare the plants to better tolerate subsequent exposure to severe stress. In this review, we have discussed the various ways in which plants can be primed and illustrate the biochemical and molecular changes, including chromatin modification leading to stress memory, with major focus on thermo-priming. Alteration in various hormones and their subsequent role during and after priming under various stress conditions imposed by changing climate conditions are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Neeti Sanan-Mishra
- Plant RNAi Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
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Saja-Garbarz D, Libik-Konieczny M, Fellner M, Jurczyk B, Janowiak F. Silicon-induced alterations in the expression of aquaporins and antioxidant system activity in well-watered and drought-stressed oilseed rape. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 174:73-86. [PMID: 35151109 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Progressing climate change necessitates the search for solutions of plant protection against the effects of water deficit. One of these solutions could be silicon supplementation. The aim of the study was to verify the hypothesis that silicon changes aquaporin expression and antioxidant system activity in a direction which may alleviate the effects of drought stress in oilseed rape. The accumulation of BnPIP1, BnPIP2-1-7 and BnTIP1;1 aquaporins and the expression of their genes, the level of catalase, superoxide dismutase activities and hydrogen peroxide content as well as total non-enzymatic antioxidant activity were analyzed in leaf tissue from control and silicon-treated oilseed rape plants growing under well-watered and drought conditions. Silicon was applied in two forms - pure silicon and a silicon complex. It was shown that under drought conditions, both pure silicon and the silicon complex (with Fe) significantly increased the accumulation of aquaporins and improved the activity of enzymatic and non-enzymatic components of the antioxidant system, while under well-watered conditions, these effects were observed only in the case of the silicon complex. The presented study proves that silicon supplementation in oilseed rape improves the regulation of water management and contributes to the protection against oxidative stress caused by drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Saja-Garbarz
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Marta Libik-Konieczny
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Martin Fellner
- Group of Molecular Physiology, Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Palacky University in Olomouc & Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc-Holice, 783 71, Czech Republic.
| | - Barbara Jurczyk
- Department of Physiology, Plant Breeding and Seed Science, University of Agriculture, Podłużna 3, 30-239, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Franciszek Janowiak
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239, Kraków, Poland.
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10
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Sadura I, Janeczko A. Brassinosteroids and the Tolerance of Cereals to Low and High Temperature Stress: Photosynthesis and the Physicochemical Properties of Cell Membranes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:342. [PMID: 35008768 PMCID: PMC8745458 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cereals, which belong to the Poaceae family, are the most economically important group of plants. Among abiotic stresses, temperature stresses are a serious and at the same time unpredictable problem for plant production. Both frost (in the case of winter cereals) and high temperatures in summer (especially combined with a water deficit in the soil) can result in significant yield losses. Plants have developed various adaptive mechanisms that have enabled them to survive periods of extreme temperatures. The processes of acclimation to low and high temperatures are controlled, among others, by phytohormones. The current review is devoted to the role of brassinosteroids (BR) in cereal acclimation to temperature stress with special attention being paid to the impact of BR on photosynthesis and the membrane properties. In cereals, the exogenous application of BR increases frost tolerance (winter rye, winter wheat), tolerance to cold (maize) and tolerance to a high temperature (rice). Disturbances in BR biosynthesis and signaling are accompanied by a decrease in frost tolerance but unexpectedly an improvement of tolerance to high temperature (barley). BR exogenous treatment increases the efficiency of the photosynthetic light reactions under various temperature conditions (winter rye, barley, rice), but interestingly, BR mutants with disturbances in BR biosynthesis are also characterized by an increased efficiency of PSII (barley). BR regulate the sugar metabolism including an increase in the sugar content, which is of key importance for acclimation, especially to low temperatures (winter rye, barley, maize). BR either participate in the temperature-dependent regulation of fatty acid biosynthesis or control the processes that are responsible for the transport or incorporation of the fatty acids into the membranes, which influences membrane fluidity (and subsequently the tolerance to high/low temperatures) (barley). BR may be one of the players, along with gibberellins or ABA, in acquiring tolerance to temperature stress in cereals (particularly important for the acclimation of cereals to low temperature).
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Sadura
- Polish Academy of Sciences, The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Janeczko
- Polish Academy of Sciences, The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland
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11
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Bai J, Wang X, Yao X, Chen X, Lu K, Hu Y, Wang Z, Mu Y, Zhang L, Dong H. Rice aquaporin OsPIP2;2 is a water-transporting facilitator in relevance to drought-tolerant responses. PLANT DIRECT 2021; 5:e338. [PMID: 34430793 PMCID: PMC8365552 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In rice (Oryza sativa), the PLASMA MEMBRANE INTRINSIC PROTEIN (PIP) family of aquaporin has 11 members, OsPIP1;1 to OsPIP1;3, and OsPIP2;1 to OsPIP2;8, which are hypothesized to facilitate the transport of H2O and other small compounds across cell membranes. To date, however, only OsPIP1;2, OsPIP2;1, and OsPIP2;4 have been demonstrated for substrate selectivity in their source plant (rice). In this study, OsPIP2;2 was characterized as the most efficient facilitator of H2O transport across cell membranes in comparison with the other 10 OsPIPs. In concomitant tests of all OsPIPs, four genes (OsPIP1;3, OsPIP2;1, OsPIP2;2, and OsPIP2;4) were induced to express in leaves of rice plants following a physiological drought stress, while OsPIP2;2 was expressed to the highest level. After de novo expression in frog oocytes and yeast cells, the four OsPIP proteins were localized to the plasma membranes in trimer and tetramer and displayed the activity to increase the membrane permeability to H2O. In comparison, OsPIP2;2 was most supportive to H2O import to oocytes and yeast cells. After de novo expression in tobacco protoplasts, OsPIP2;2 exceeded OsPIP1;3, OsPIP2;1, and OsPIP2;4 to support H2O transport across the plasma membranes. OsPIP2;2-mediated H2O transport was accompanied by drought-tolerant responses, including increases in concentrations of proline and polyamines, both of which are physiological markers of drought tolerance. In rice protoplasts, H2O transport and drought-tolerant responses, which included expression of marker genes of drought tolerance pathway, were considerably enhanced by OsPIP2;2 overexpression but strongly inhibited by the gene silencing. Furthermore, OsPIP2;2 played a role in maintenance of the cell membrane integrity and effectively protected rice cells from electrolyte leakage caused by the physiological drought stress. These results suggest that OsPIP2;2 is a predominant facilitator of H2O transport in relevance to drought tolerance in the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Bai
- College of Plant ProtectionShandong Agricultural UniversityTaianChina
- College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop BiologyShandong Agricultural UniversityTaianChina
- School of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xiaohui Yao
- College of Plant ProtectionShandong Agricultural UniversityTaianChina
| | - Xiaochen Chen
- College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Kai Lu
- College of Plant ProtectionShandong Agricultural UniversityTaianChina
| | - Yiqun Hu
- College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
- Institute of Plant Protection and Agroproduct SafetyAnhui Academy of Agricultural SciencesHefeiChina
| | - Zuodong Wang
- College of Plant ProtectionShandong Agricultural UniversityTaianChina
| | - Yanjie Mu
- College of Plant ProtectionShandong Agricultural UniversityTaianChina
| | - Liyuan Zhang
- College of Plant ProtectionShandong Agricultural UniversityTaianChina
- State Key Laboratory of Crop BiologyShandong Agricultural UniversityTaianChina
| | - Hansong Dong
- College of Plant ProtectionShandong Agricultural UniversityTaianChina
- College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
- State Key Laboratory of Crop BiologyShandong Agricultural UniversityTaianChina
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12
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Sadok W, Lopez JR, Smith KP. Transpiration increases under high-temperature stress: Potential mechanisms, trade-offs and prospects for crop resilience in a warming world. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2021; 44:2102-2116. [PMID: 33278035 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The frequency and intensity of high-temperature stress events are expected to increase as climate change intensifies. Concomitantly, an increase in evaporative demand, driven in part by global warming, is also taking place worldwide. Despite this, studies examining high-temperature stress impacts on plant productivity seldom consider this interaction to identify traits enhancing yield resilience towards climate change. Further, new evidence documents substantial increases in plant transpiration rate in response to high-temperature stress even under arid environments, which raise a trade-off between the need for latent cooling dictated by excessive temperatures and the need for water conservation dictated by increasing evaporative demand. However, the mechanisms behind those responses, and the potential to design the next generation of crops successfully navigating this trade-off, remain poorly investigated. Here, we review potential mechanisms underlying reported increases in transpiration rate under high-temperature stress, within the broader context of their impact on water conservation needed for crop drought tolerance. We outline three main contributors to this phenomenon, namely stomatal, cuticular and water viscosity-based mechanisms, and we outline research directions aiming at designing new varieties optimized for specific temperature and evaporative demand regimes to enhance crop productivity under a warmer and dryer climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walid Sadok
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jose R Lopez
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Kevin P Smith
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
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13
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Ponce-Pineda IG, Carmona-Salazar L, Saucedo-García M, Cano-Ramírez D, Morales-Cedillo F, Peña-Moral A, Guevara-García ÁA, Sánchez-Nieto S, Gavilanes-Ruíz M. MPK6 Kinase Regulates Plasma Membrane H +-ATPase Activity in Cold Acclimation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6338. [PMID: 34199294 PMCID: PMC8232009 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cold and freezing stresses severely affect plant growth, development, and survival rate. Some plant species have evolved a process known as cold acclimation, in which plants exposed to temperatures above 0 °C trigger biochemical and physiological changes to survive freezing. During this response, several signaling events are mediated by transducers, such as mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades. Plasma membrane H+-ATPase is a key enzyme for the plant cell life under regular and stress conditions. Using wild type and mpk3 and mpk6 knock out mutants in Arabidopsis thaliana, we explored the transcriptional, translational, and 14-3-3 protein regulation of the plasma membrane H+-ATPase activity under the acclimation process. The kinetic analysis revealed a differential profiling of the H+-ATPase activity depending on the presence or absence of MPK3 or MPK6 under non-acclimated or acclimated conditions. Negative regulation of the plasma membrane H+-ATPase activity was found to be exerted by MPK3 in non-acclimated conditions and by MPK6 in acclimated conditions, describing a novel form of regulation of this master ATPase. The MPK6 regulation involved changes in plasma membrane fluidity. Moreover, our results indicated that MPK6 is a critical regulator in the process of cold acclimation that leads to freezing tolerance and further survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilian Giordano Ponce-Pineda
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (I.G.P.-P.); (L.C.-S.); (D.C.-R.); (F.M.-C.); (A.P.-M.); (S.S.-N.)
| | - Laura Carmona-Salazar
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (I.G.P.-P.); (L.C.-S.); (D.C.-R.); (F.M.-C.); (A.P.-M.); (S.S.-N.)
| | - Mariana Saucedo-García
- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Avenida Universidad Km. 1, Rancho Universitario, Tulancingo-Santiago Tulantepec, Tulancingo, Hidalgo 43600, Mexico;
| | - Dora Cano-Ramírez
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (I.G.P.-P.); (L.C.-S.); (D.C.-R.); (F.M.-C.); (A.P.-M.); (S.S.-N.)
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EA, UK
| | - Francisco Morales-Cedillo
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (I.G.P.-P.); (L.C.-S.); (D.C.-R.); (F.M.-C.); (A.P.-M.); (S.S.-N.)
| | - Araceli Peña-Moral
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (I.G.P.-P.); (L.C.-S.); (D.C.-R.); (F.M.-C.); (A.P.-M.); (S.S.-N.)
| | - Ángel Arturo Guevara-García
- Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, Mexico;
| | - Sobeida Sánchez-Nieto
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (I.G.P.-P.); (L.C.-S.); (D.C.-R.); (F.M.-C.); (A.P.-M.); (S.S.-N.)
| | - Marina Gavilanes-Ruíz
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (I.G.P.-P.); (L.C.-S.); (D.C.-R.); (F.M.-C.); (A.P.-M.); (S.S.-N.)
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14
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Ahmed S, Kouser S, Asgher M, Gandhi SG. Plant aquaporins: A frontward to make crop plants drought resistant. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 172:1089-1105. [PMID: 33826759 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress alters gene expression and causes cellular damage in crop plants. Drought inhibits photosynthesis by reducing the content and the activity of the photosynthetic carbon reduction cycle, ultimately decreasing the crop yield. The role of aquaporins (AQP) in improving the growth and adaptation of crop plants under drought stress is of importance. AQP form channels and control water transport in and out of the cells and are associated with drought tolerance mechanisms. The current review addresses: (1) the evolution of AQPs in plants, (2) the classification of plant AQPs, (3) the role of AQPs in drought alleviation in crop plants, and (4) the phytohormone crosstalk with AQPs in crops exposed to drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Ahmed
- Plant Biotechnology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Jammu, India
| | - Shaista Kouser
- Department of Botany, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, India
| | - Mohd Asgher
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, India
| | - Sumit G Gandhi
- Plant Biotechnology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Jammu, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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15
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Kurowska MM. Aquaporins in Cereals-Important Players in Maintaining Cell Homeostasis under Abiotic Stress. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12040477. [PMID: 33806192 PMCID: PMC8066221 DOI: 10.3390/genes12040477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cereal productivity is reduced by environmental stresses such as drought, heat, elevated CO2, salinity, metal toxicity and cold. Sometimes, plants are exposed to multiple stresses simultaneously. Plants must be able to make a rapid and adequate response to these environmental stimuli in order to restore their growing ability. The latest research has shown that aquaporins are important players in maintaining cell homeostasis under abiotic stress. Aquaporins are membrane intrinsic proteins (MIP) that form pores in the cellular membranes, which facilitate the movement of water and many other molecules such as ammonia, urea, CO2, micronutrients (silicon and boron), glycerol and reactive oxygen species (hydrogen peroxide) across the cell and intercellular compartments. The present review primarily focuses on the diversity of aquaporins in cereal species, their cellular and subcellular localisation, their expression and their functioning under abiotic stresses. Lastly, this review discusses the potential use of mutants and plants that overexpress the aquaporin-encoding genes to improve their tolerance to abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzena Małgorzata Kurowska
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellońska 28, 40-032 Katowice, Poland
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16
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Li N, Euring D, Cha JY, Lin Z, Lu M, Huang LJ, Kim WY. Plant Hormone-Mediated Regulation of Heat Tolerance in Response to Global Climate Change. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 11:627969. [PMID: 33643337 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.627969/full] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Agriculture is largely dependent on climate and is highly vulnerable to climate change. The global mean surface temperatures are increasing due to global climate change. Temperature beyond the physiological optimum for growth induces heat stress in plants causing detrimental and irreversible damage to plant development, growth, as well as productivity. Plants have evolved adaptive mechanisms in response to heat stress. The classical plant hormones, such as auxin, abscisic acid (ABA), brassinosteroids (BRs), cytokinin (CK), salicylic acid (SA), jasmonate (JA), and ethylene (ET), integrate environmental stimuli and endogenous signals to regulate plant defensive response to various abiotic stresses, including heat. Exogenous applications of those hormones prior or parallel to heat stress render plants more thermotolerant. In this review, we summarized the recent progress and current understanding of the roles of those phytohormones in defending plants against heat stress and the underlying signal transduction pathways. We also discussed the implication of the basic knowledge of hormone-regulated plant heat responsive mechanism to develop heat-resilient plants as an effective and efficient way to cope with global warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Hunan, China
| | - Dejuan Euring
- Forest Botany and Tree Physiology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Joon Yung Cha
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21PLUS), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Zeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Hunan, China
| | - Mengzhu Lu
- Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Hunan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li-Jun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Hunan, China
- Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Hunan, China
| | - Woe Yeon Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21PLUS), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
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17
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Molecular Dynamics of Chloroplast Membranes Isolated from Wild-Type Barley and a Brassinosteroid-Deficient Mutant Acclimated to Low and High Temperatures. Biomolecules 2020; 11:biom11010027. [PMID: 33383794 PMCID: PMC7823496 DOI: 10.3390/biom11010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants have developed various acclimation strategies in order to counteract the negative effects of abiotic stresses (including temperature stress), and biological membranes are important elements in these strategies. Brassinosteroids (BR) are plant steroid hormones that regulate plant growth and development and modulate their reaction against many environmental stresses including temperature stress, but their role in modifying the properties of the biological membrane is poorly known. In this paper, we characterise the molecular dynamics of chloroplast membranes that had been isolated from wild-type and a BR-deficient barley mutant that had been acclimated to low and high temperatures in order to enrich the knowledge about the role of BR as regulators of the dynamics of the photosynthetic membranes. The molecular dynamics of the membranes was investigated using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy in both a hydrophilic and hydrophobic area of the membranes. The content of BR was determined, and other important membrane components that affect their molecular dynamics such as chlorophylls, carotenoids and fatty acids in these membranes were also determined. The chloroplast membranes of the BR-mutant had a higher degree of rigidification than the membranes of the wild type. In the hydrophilic area, the most visible differences were observed in plants that had been grown at 20 °C, whereas in the hydrophobic core, they were visible at both 20 and 5 °C. There were no differences in the molecular dynamics of the studied membranes in the chloroplast membranes that had been isolated from plants that had been grown at 27 °C. The role of BR in regulating the molecular dynamics of the photosynthetic membranes will be discussed against the background of an analysis of the photosynthetic pigments and fatty acid composition in the chloroplasts.
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18
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The Impact of Mutations in the HvCPD and HvBRI1 Genes on the Physicochemical Properties of the Membranes from Barley Acclimated to Low/High Temperatures. Cells 2020; 9:cells9051125. [PMID: 32370052 PMCID: PMC7290739 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The study characterized barley mutants with brassinosteroid (BR) biosynthesis and signaling disturbances in terms of the physicochemical/structural properties of membranes to enrich the knowledge about the role of brassinosteroids for lipid metabolism and membrane functioning. (2) Methods: The Langmuir method was used to investigate the properties of the physicochemical membranes. Langmuir monolayers were formed from the lipid fractions isolated from the plants growing at 20 °C and then acclimated at 5 °C or 27 °C. The fatty acid composition of the lipids was estimated using gas chromatography. (3) Results: The BR-biosynthesis and BR-signaling mutants of barley were characterized by a temperature-dependent altered molar percentage of fatty acids (from 14:0 to 20:1) in their galactolipid and phospholipid fractions in comparison to wild-type (WT). For example, the mutants had a lower molar percentage of 18:3 in the phospholipid (PL) fraction. The same regularity was observed at 5 °C. It resulted in altered physicochemical parameters of the membranes (Alim, πcoll, Cs−1). (4) Conclusions: BR may be involved in regulating fatty acid biosynthesis or their transport/incorporation into the cell membranes. Mutants had altered physicochemical parameters of their membranes, compared to the WT, which suggests that BR may have a multidirectional impact on the membrane-dependent physiological processes.
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Li N, Euring D, Cha JY, Lin Z, Lu M, Huang LJ, Kim WY. Plant Hormone-Mediated Regulation of Heat Tolerance in Response to Global Climate Change. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:627969. [PMID: 33643337 PMCID: PMC7905216 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.627969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Agriculture is largely dependent on climate and is highly vulnerable to climate change. The global mean surface temperatures are increasing due to global climate change. Temperature beyond the physiological optimum for growth induces heat stress in plants causing detrimental and irreversible damage to plant development, growth, as well as productivity. Plants have evolved adaptive mechanisms in response to heat stress. The classical plant hormones, such as auxin, abscisic acid (ABA), brassinosteroids (BRs), cytokinin (CK), salicylic acid (SA), jasmonate (JA), and ethylene (ET), integrate environmental stimuli and endogenous signals to regulate plant defensive response to various abiotic stresses, including heat. Exogenous applications of those hormones prior or parallel to heat stress render plants more thermotolerant. In this review, we summarized the recent progress and current understanding of the roles of those phytohormones in defending plants against heat stress and the underlying signal transduction pathways. We also discussed the implication of the basic knowledge of hormone-regulated plant heat responsive mechanism to develop heat-resilient plants as an effective and efficient way to cope with global warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Hunan, China
| | - Dejuan Euring
- Forest Botany and Tree Physiology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Joon Yung Cha
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21PLUS), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Zeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Hunan, China
| | - Mengzhu Lu
- Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Hunan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li-Jun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Hunan, China
- Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Hunan, China
- *Correspondence: Li-Jun Huang, ; 0000-0001-8072-5180
| | - Woe Yeon Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21PLUS), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
- Woe Yeon Kim,
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