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Xu Z, Liu X, Zhang C, Ma M, Gebre BA, Mekonnen SA, Corke H, Sui Z. Mild alkali treatment alters structure and properties of maize starch: The potential role of alkali in starch chemical modification. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 274:133238. [PMID: 38897493 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Normal and waxy maize starches were treated with mild alkali treatment (pH 8.5, 9.9, 11.3) in two temperature-time combinations (25 °C for 1 h and 50 °C for 18 h) to investigate the effect on starch structure and properties. Mild alkali treatment partly removed the starch granule-associated proteins and lipids of normal (from 0.31 % to 0.24 % and from 0.77 % to 0.55 %, respectively) and waxy maize starches (from 0.22 % to 0.18 % and from 0.24 % to 0.15 %, respectively). Gelatinization enthalpy of waxy maize starch increased with alkali treatment from 16.20 J·g-1 to 21.95 J·g-1, indicating that amylopectin (AP) rearrangement and AP-AP double helices formation might occur. But amylose could inhibit these effects by restricting mobility of amylopectin, and no such changes occurred for normal maize starch. Alkali treatment decreased gelatinization temperature and increased peak and final viscosity. Alkali treatment decreased trough viscosity and increased setback of normal maize starch. The hydrothermal treatment promoted the effect of alkali, attributed to the more rapid molecular motion at higher temperature. Normal and waxy starches showed different changes after alkali treatment, indicating that amylose played an important role in controlling the effect of alkali and hydrothermal treatment, primarily as an obstructer of amylopectin rearrangement in mild alkali treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zekun Xu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiaoning Liu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Chuangchuang Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Mengting Ma
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Bilatu Agza Gebre
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; Department of Food Science & Nutrition, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Solomon Abate Mekonnen
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Harold Corke
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou 515063, China; Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel.
| | - Zhongquan Sui
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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Zhou W, Zhang R, Cai Z, Wu F, Hu Y, Huang C, Hu K, Chen Y. Preparation and properties of pH-sensitive cationic starch nanoparticles. Food Chem 2024; 437:137916. [PMID: 37944390 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Environmentally friendly and outstanding pH responsiveness cationic starch nanoparticles (CSNP) were prepared through ethanol precipitation from pH-sensitive starch, which preparation of cationic starch (CS) by grafting copolymerization with dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA). In this work, CSNP showed a nanometer size and regular sphere, highly free-flowing molecular chains, and outstanding pH responsiveness which was proved by the high stability of its stabilized emulsion through 6 emulsification/ demulsification transition. The result of the SEM and particle size distribution indicated that the size of the CSNP-0 was about 800 nm, and decreased with the DMAEMA increased. Moreover, the CSNP-stabilized emulsion was stable at pH = 7 and pH = 12. However, this emulsion exhibited breakage at pH = 2. In addition, the CSNP-stabilized Pickering emulsion achieved an emulsification/demulsification switching by cycling the pH at least 6 times, during which the average droplet size gradually increased. At pH ≥ 7, the emulsions exhibit shear thinning behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- School of Food Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province 528458, China; GDPU-HKU Zhongshan Biomedical Innovation Platform, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province 528458, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- School of Food Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province 528458, China; GDPU-HKU Zhongshan Biomedical Innovation Platform, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province 528458, China
| | - Zhen Cai
- School of Food Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province 528458, China; GDPU-HKU Zhongshan Biomedical Innovation Platform, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province 528458, China
| | - Fangfang Wu
- School of Food Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province 528458, China; GDPU-HKU Zhongshan Biomedical Innovation Platform, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province 528458, China
| | - Yong Hu
- School of Food Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province 528458, China; GDPU-HKU Zhongshan Biomedical Innovation Platform, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province 528458, China
| | - Chao Huang
- School of Food Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province 528458, China; GDPU-HKU Zhongshan Biomedical Innovation Platform, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province 528458, China
| | - Kun Hu
- School of Food Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province 528458, China; GDPU-HKU Zhongshan Biomedical Innovation Platform, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province 528458, China.
| | - Yun Chen
- School of Food Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province 528458, China; GDPU-HKU Zhongshan Biomedical Innovation Platform, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province 528458, China.
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Fabrication of octenyl succinic anhydride starch grafted with folic acid and its loading potential for doxorubicin hydrochloride. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 236:123907. [PMID: 36870656 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA) starch with different folic acid (FA) grafting time was prepared and the degree of FA substitution at different grafting time was determined. The results of XPS quantitatively reflected the surface elemental composition of OSA starch grafted with FA. FTIR spectra further confirmed the successful introduction of FA on OSA starch granules. SEM images showed that the surface roughness of OSA starch granules was more obvious with higher FA grafting time. The particle size, zeta potential, and swelling properties were determined to study the effect of FA on the structure of OSA starch. TGA indicated that FA effectively enhanced the thermal stability of OSA starch at high temperature. The crystalline form of the OSA starch gradually transformed from A type to a hybrid A and V-type with the progress of FA grafting reaction. In addition, the anti-digestive properties of OSA starch were enhanced after grafting FA. Using doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) as the model drug, the loading efficiency of OSA starch grafted with FA for DOX reached 87.71 %. These results provide novel insights into OSA starch grafted with FA as potential strategy for loading DOX.
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Three Diverse Granule Preparation Methods for Proteomic Analysis of Mature Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Starch Grain. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27103307. [PMID: 35630784 PMCID: PMC9144640 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Starch is the primary form of reserve carbohydrate storage in plants. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a monocot whose reserve starch is organized into compounded structures within the amyloplast, rather than a simple starch grain (SG). The mechanism governing the assembly of the compound SG from polyhedral granules in apposition, however, remains unknown. To further characterize the proteome associated with these compounded structures, three distinct methods of starch granule preparation (dispersion, microsieve, and flotation) were performed. Phase separation of peptides (aqueous trypsin-shaving and isopropanol solubilization of residual peptides) isolated starch granule-associated proteins (SGAPs) from the distal proteome of the amyloplast and the proximal ‘amylome’ (the amyloplastic proteome), respectively. The term ‘distal proteome’ refers to SGAPs loosely tethered to the amyloplast, ones that can be rapidly proteolyzed, while proximal SGAPs are those found closer to the remnant amyloplast membrane fragments, perhaps embedded therein—ones that need isopropanol solvent to be removed from the mature organelle surface. These two rice starch-associated peptide samples were analyzed using nano-liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (Nano-HPLC-MS/MS). Known and novel proteins, as well as septum-like structure (SLS) proteins, in the mature rice SG were found. Data mining and gene ontology software were used to categorize these putative plastoskeletal components as a variety of structural elements, including actins, tubulins, tubulin-like proteins, and cementitious elements such as reticulata related-like (RER) proteins, tegument proteins, and lectins. Delineating the plastoskeletal proteome begins by understanding how each starch granule isolation procedure affects observed cytoplasmic and plastid proteins. The three methods described herein show how the technique used to isolate SGs differentially impacts the subsequent proteomic analysis and results obtained. It can thus be concluded that future investigations must make judicious decisions regarding the methodology used in extracting proteomic information from the compound starch granules being assessed, since different methods are shown to yield contrasting results herein. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD032314.
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Zhang K, Zhao D, Zhang X, Qu L, Zhang Y, Huang Q. Effects of the Removal of Lipids and Surface Proteins on the Physicochemical and Structural Properties of Green Wheat Starches. STARCH-STARKE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/star.202000046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kangyi Zhang
- Center of Agricultural Products Processing Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences Zhengzhou 450002 China
| | - Di Zhao
- Center of Agricultural Products Processing Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences Zhengzhou 450002 China
| | - Xun Zhang
- Center of Agricultural Products Processing Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences Zhengzhou 450002 China
| | - Lingbo Qu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450002 China
| | - Yayuan Zhang
- Institute of Agro‐Products Processing Science and Technology Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Science Nanning Guangxi 53000 China
| | - Qingrong Huang
- Department of Food Science Rutgers University, New Jersey 65 Dudley Road New Brunswick NJ 08901 USA
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Starch and Glycogen Analyses: Methods and Techniques. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10071020. [PMID: 32660096 PMCID: PMC7407607 DOI: 10.3390/biom10071020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
For complex carbohydrates, such as glycogen and starch, various analytical methods and techniques exist allowing the detailed characterization of these storage carbohydrates. In this article, we give a brief overview of the most frequently used methods, techniques, and results. Furthermore, we give insights in the isolation, purification, and fragmentation of both starch and glycogen. An overview of the different structural levels of the glucans is given and the corresponding analytical techniques are discussed. Moreover, future perspectives of the analytical needs and the challenges of the currently developing scientific questions are included.
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Niu L, Ding H, Zhang J, Wang W. Proteomic Analysis of Starch Biosynthesis in Maize Seeds. STARCH-STARKE 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/star.201800294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liangjie Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat & Maize Crop ScienceCollege of Life SciencesHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouP. R. China
| | - Huiying Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat & Maize Crop ScienceCollege of Life SciencesHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouP. R. China
| | - Jinghua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat & Maize Crop ScienceCollege of Life SciencesHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouP. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat & Maize Crop ScienceCollege of Life SciencesHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouP. R. China
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Crofts N, Iizuka Y, Abe N, Miura S, Kikuchi K, Matsushima R, Fujita N. Rice Mutants Lacking Starch Synthase I or Branching Enzyme IIb Activity Altered Starch Biosynthetic Protein Complexes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1817. [PMID: 30581451 PMCID: PMC6292963 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Amylopectin, the major component of starch, is synthesized by synergistic activity of multiple isozymes of starch synthases (SSs) and branching enzymes (BEs). The frequency and length of amylopectin branches determine the functionality of starch. In the rice endosperm, BEIIb generates short side chains of amylopectin and SSI elongates those branches, which can be further elongated by SSIIa. Absence of these enzymes greatly affects amylopectin structure. SSI, SSIIa, and BEIIb associate with each other and with other starch biosynthetic enzymes although SSIIa is low activity in japonica rice. The aim of the current study was to understand how the activity of starch biosynthetic enzyme complexes is compensated in the absence of SSI or BEIIb, and whether the compensatory effects are different in the absence of BEIIb or in the presence of inactive BEIIb. Interactions between starch biosynthetic enzymes were analyzed using one ss1 null mutant and two be2b japonica rice mutants (a mutant producing inactive BEIIb and a mutant that did not produce BEIIb). Soluble proteins extracted from the developing rice seeds were separated by gel filtration chromatography. In the absence of BEIIb activity, BEIIa was eluted in a broad molecular weight range (60-700 kDa). BEIIa in the wild-type was eluted with a mass below 300 kDa. Further, majority of inactive BEIIb co-eluted with SSI, SSIIa, and BEI, in a mass fraction over 700 kDa, whereas only small amounts of these isozymes were found in the wild-type. Compared with the be2b lines, the ss1 mutant showed subtle differences in protein profiles, but the amounts of SSIIa, SSIVb, and BEI in the over-700-kDa fraction were elevated. Immunoprecipitation revealed reduced association of SSIIa and BEIIb in the ss1 mutant, while the association of BEIIb with SSI, SSIIa, SSIVb, BEI, and BEIIa were more pronounced in the be2b mutant that produced inactive BEIIb enzyme. Mass spectrometry and western blotting revealed that SSI, SSIIa, SSIIIa, BEI, BEIIa, starch phosphorylase 1, and pullulanase were bound to the starch granules in the be2b mutants, but not in the wild-type and ss1 mutant. These results will aid the understanding of the mechanism of amylopectin biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Crofts
- Department of Biological Production, Faculty of Bioresource Sciences, Akita Prefectural University, Akita, Japan
| | - Yuriko Iizuka
- Department of Biological Production, Faculty of Bioresource Sciences, Akita Prefectural University, Akita, Japan
| | - Natsuko Abe
- Department of Biological Production, Faculty of Bioresource Sciences, Akita Prefectural University, Akita, Japan
| | - Satoko Miura
- Department of Biological Production, Faculty of Bioresource Sciences, Akita Prefectural University, Akita, Japan
| | - Kana Kikuchi
- Department of Biological Production, Faculty of Bioresource Sciences, Akita Prefectural University, Akita, Japan
| | - Ryo Matsushima
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Naoko Fujita
- Department of Biological Production, Faculty of Bioresource Sciences, Akita Prefectural University, Akita, Japan
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Ye X, Zhang Y, Qiu C, Corke H, Sui Z. Extraction and characterization of starch granule-associated proteins from rice that affect in vitro starch digestibility. Food Chem 2018; 276:754-760. [PMID: 30409658 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Starch granule-associated proteins (SGAPs) including granule-surface proteins and granule-channel proteins in waxy, low- and high-amylose rice starch were extracted and identified. The in vitro digestibility of starch was investigated before and after the extraction of granule-channel proteins or total SGAPs. The results showed that 10 types of major differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) including 14-3-3-like protein and ribosomal protein were found among starches. In addition, the lack of only granule-channel proteins or total SGAPs led to significant and different changes in the levels of rapidly digestible starch, slowly digestible starch and resistant starch. Possible mechanisms are related to the accessibility of amylase into starch granules and structural properties of SGAPs. This study provides more information about DEPs in rice starch with different amylose content and supports further study on the relationship between SGAPs and in vitro starch digestibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Ye
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; International Institute for Professional Education, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Shanghai 200083, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chen Qiu
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Harold Corke
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Zhongquan Sui
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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Olivry T, Bexley J. Cornstarch is less allergenic than corn flour in dogs and cats previously sensitized to corn. BMC Vet Res 2018; 14:207. [PMID: 29945608 PMCID: PMC6020376 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-018-1538-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Corn appears to be an uncommon food source of allergens in dogs and cats. There is limited information on the nature of the corn allergens in dogs and cats and their presence in the various foodstuffs used in commercial pet foods. The aim of this study was to determine if serum IgE from corn-sensitized dogs and cats recognized proteins in corn flour and cornstarch, which are common sources of carbohydrates in pet foods. Results We selected archived sera from allergy-suspected dogs (40) and cats (40) with either undetectable, low, medium or high serum levels of corn-specific IgE. These sera were tested then by ELISA on plates coated with extracts made from corn kernels, corn flour, cornstarch and the starch used in the commercially-available extensively-hydrolyzed pet food Anallergenic (Royal Canin). Immunoblotting was then performed on the same extracts with some of the sera from moderate-to-high corn-sensitized dogs and cats. Using ELISA, it is mostly the dogs and cats with moderate and high corn-specific IgE levels that also had IgE identifying allergens in the flour (dogs: 20/30 sera, 67% - cats: 20/29, 69%). In contrast, none of the tested sera had measurable IgE against proteins isolated from the cornstarch. Immunoblotting confirmed the existence of numerous major corn allergens in the corn kernel extract, fewer in that of the corn flour, while such allergens were not detectable using this technique in the two cornstarch extracts. Conclusions In this study, ELISA and immunoblotting results suggest that IgE from corn-sensitized dogs are less likely to recognize allergens in cornstarch than in kernel and flour extracts. As corn is not a common allergen source in dogs and cats, and as its starch seems to be less allergenic than its flour, pet foods containing cornstarch as a carbohydrate source are preferable for dogs and cats suspected of suffering from corn allergy. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12917-018-1538-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Olivry
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 1060 Willliam Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA. .,Comparative Medicine Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
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Abstract
Cereals contribute a major part of human nutrition and are considered as an integral source of energy for human diets. With genomic databases already available in cereals such as rice, wheat, barley, and maize, the focus has now moved to proteome analysis. Proteomics studies involve the development of appropriate databases based on developing suitable separation and purification protocols, identification of protein functions, and can confirm their functional networks based on already available data from other sources. Tremendous progress has been made in the past decade in generating huge data-sets for covering interactions among proteins, protein composition of various organs and organelles, quantitative and qualitative analysis of proteins, and to characterize their modulation during plant development, biotic, and abiotic stresses. Proteomics platforms have been used to identify and improve our understanding of various metabolic pathways. This article gives a brief review of efforts made by different research groups on comparative descriptive and functional analysis of proteomics applications achieved in the cereal science so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Bansal
- a School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University , Phagwara 144411 , Punjab.,b School of Agriculture , Lovely Professional University , Phagwara 144411 , Punjab
| | - Madhu Sharma
- a School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University , Phagwara 144411 , Punjab
| | - Priyanka Kanwar
- a School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University , Phagwara 144411 , Punjab
| | - Aakash Goyal
- c Biodiversity and Integrated Gene Management Program , International Center for Agriculture Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA) , P.O.Box 6299, Rabat-Institutes, Rabat , Morocco
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Ghatak A, Chaturvedi P, Weckwerth W. Cereal Crop Proteomics: Systemic Analysis of Crop Drought Stress Responses Towards Marker-Assisted Selection Breeding. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:757. [PMID: 28626463 PMCID: PMC5454074 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable crop production is the major challenge in the current global climate change scenario. Drought stress is one of the most critical abiotic factors which negatively impact crop productivity. In recent years, knowledge about molecular regulation has been generated to understand drought stress responses. For example, information obtained by transcriptome analysis has enhanced our knowledge and facilitated the identification of candidate genes which can be utilized for plant breeding. On the other hand, it becomes more and more evident that the translational and post-translational machinery plays a major role in stress adaptation, especially for immediate molecular processes during stress adaptation. Therefore, it is essential to measure protein levels and post-translational protein modifications to reveal information about stress inducible signal perception and transduction, translational activity and induced protein levels. This information cannot be revealed by genomic or transcriptomic analysis. Eventually, these processes will provide more direct insight into stress perception then genetic markers and might build a complementary basis for future marker-assisted selection of drought resistance. In this review, we survey the role of proteomic studies to illustrate their applications in crop stress adaptation analysis with respect to productivity. Cereal crops such as wheat, rice, maize, barley, sorghum and pearl millet are discussed in detail. We provide a comprehensive and comparative overview of all detected protein changes involved in drought stress in these crops and have summarized existing knowledge into a proposed scheme of drought response. Based on a recent proteome study of pearl millet under drought stress we compare our findings with wheat proteomes and another recent study which defined genetic marker in pearl millet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arindam Ghatak
- Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, University of ViennaVienna, Austria
| | - Palak Chaturvedi
- Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, University of ViennaVienna, Austria
| | - Wolfram Weckwerth
- Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, University of ViennaVienna, Austria
- Vienna Metabolomics Center, University of ViennaVienna, Austria
- *Correspondence: Wolfram Weckwerth
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Xing S, Meng X, Zhou L, Mujahid H, Zhao C, Zhang Y, Wang C, Peng Z. Proteome Profile of Starch Granules Purified from Rice (Oryza sativa) Endosperm. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0168467. [PMID: 27992503 PMCID: PMC5167393 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Starch is the most important food energy source in cereals. Many of the known enzymes involved in starch biosynthesis are partially or entirely granule-associated in the endosperm. Studying the proteome of rice starch granules is critical for us to further understand the mechanisms underlying starch biosynthesis and packaging of starch granules in rice amyloplasts, consequently for the improvement of rice grain quality. In this article, we developed a protocol to purify starch granules from mature rice endosperm and verified the quality of purified starch granules by microscopy observations, I2 staining, and Western blot analyses. In addition, we found the phenol extraction method was superior to Tris-HCl buffer extraction method with respect to the efficiency in recovery of starch granule associated proteins. LC-MS/MS analysis showed identification of already known starch granule associated proteins with high confidence. Several proteins reported to be involved in starch synthesis in prior genetic studies in plants were also shown to be enriched with starch granules, either directly or indirectly, in our studies. In addition, our results suggested that a few additional candidate proteins may also be involved in starch synthesis. Furthermore, our results indicated that some starch synthesis pathway proteins are subject to protein acetylation modification. GO analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that the identified proteins were mainly located in plastids and involved in carbohydrate metabolism. This study substantially advances the understanding of the starch granule associated proteome in rice and post translational regulation of some starch granule associated proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihai Xing
- Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu High Quality Rice Research and Development Center, Nanjing Branch of China National Center for Rice Improvement, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Starkville, Mississippi, United States of America
| | - Xiaoxi Meng
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Starkville, Mississippi, United States of America
| | - Lihui Zhou
- Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu High Quality Rice Research and Development Center, Nanjing Branch of China National Center for Rice Improvement, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hana Mujahid
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Starkville, Mississippi, United States of America
| | - Chunfang Zhao
- Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu High Quality Rice Research and Development Center, Nanjing Branch of China National Center for Rice Improvement, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yadong Zhang
- Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu High Quality Rice Research and Development Center, Nanjing Branch of China National Center for Rice Improvement, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Starkville, Mississippi, United States of America
| | - Cailin Wang
- Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu High Quality Rice Research and Development Center, Nanjing Branch of China National Center for Rice Improvement, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhaohua Peng
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Starkville, Mississippi, United States of America
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Bona E, Scarafoni A, Marsano F, Boatti L, Copetta A, Massa N, Gamalero E, D’Agostino G, Cesaro P, Cavaletto M, Berta G. Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis affects the grain proteome of Zea mays: a field study. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26439. [PMID: 27216714 PMCID: PMC4877657 DOI: 10.1038/srep26439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Maize is one of the most important crops worldwide and is strongly dependent on arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) fungi, organisms that form a mutualistic association with land plants. In maize, AM symbiosis enhances spike dry weight, spike length, spike circumference, and the dry weight and dimensions of the grain. Notwithstanding its ubiquitous nature, the detailed relationship between AM fungal colonization and plant development is not completely understood. To facilitate a better understanding of the effects of AM fungi on plants, the work reported here assessed the effects of a consortium of AM fungi on the kernel proteome of maize, cultivated in open-field conditions. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the modulation of a plant seed proteome following AM fungal inoculation in the field. Here, it was found that AM fungi modify the maize seed proteome by up-regulating enzymes involved in energetic metabolism, embryo development, nucleotide metabolism, seed storage and stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Bona
- Dipartimento di Scienze ed Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale Amedeo Avogadro, Viale Teresa Michel, 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Alessio Scarafoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze per gli Alimenti, la Nutrizione e l’Ambiente, Università di Milano, Via Celoria, 2, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Francesco Marsano
- Dipartimento di Scienze ed Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale Amedeo Avogadro, Viale Teresa Michel, 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Lara Boatti
- Dipartimento di Scienze ed Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale Amedeo Avogadro, Viale Teresa Michel, 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Andrea Copetta
- Dipartimento di Scienze ed Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale Amedeo Avogadro, Viale Teresa Michel, 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Nadia Massa
- Dipartimento di Scienze ed Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale Amedeo Avogadro, Viale Teresa Michel, 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Elisa Gamalero
- Dipartimento di Scienze ed Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale Amedeo Avogadro, Viale Teresa Michel, 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | | | - Patrizia Cesaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze ed Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale Amedeo Avogadro, Viale Teresa Michel, 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Maria Cavaletto
- Dipartimento di Scienze ed Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale Amedeo Avogadro, Viale Teresa Michel, 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Graziella Berta
- Dipartimento di Scienze ed Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale Amedeo Avogadro, Viale Teresa Michel, 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
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Luo J, Jobling SA, Millar A, Morell MK, Li Z. Allelic effects on starch structure and properties of six starch biosynthetic genes in a rice recombinant inbred line population. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2015; 8:15. [PMID: 25844120 PMCID: PMC4385112 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-015-0046-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The genetic diversity of six starch biosynthetic genes (Wx, SSI, SSIIa, SBEI, SBEIIa and SBEIIb) in indica and japonica rices opens an opportunity to produce a new variety with more favourable grain starch quality. However, there is limited information about the effects of these six gene allele combinations on starch structure and properties. A recombinant inbred line population from a cross between indica and japonica varieties offers opportunities to combine specific alleles of the six genes. RESULTS The allelic (indica vs japonica) effects of six starch biosynthetic genes on starch structure, functional properties, and abundance of granule bound proteins in rice grains were investigated in a common genetic background using a recombinant inbred line population. The indica Wx (Wxi) allele played a major role while indica SSI (SSIi), japonica SSIIa (SSIIaj) and indica SBEI (SBEIi) alleles had minor roles on the increase of amylose content. SSIIaj and japonica SBEIIb (SBEIIbj) alleles had a major and a minor role on high ratio of ∑DP ≤ 10 to ∑DP ≤ 24 fractions (RCL10/24), respectively. Both major alleles (Wxi and SSIIaj) reduced peak viscosity (PV), onset, peak and end gelatinization temperatures (GTs) of amylopectin, and increased amylose-lipid complex dissociation enthalpy compared with their counterpart-alleles, respectively. SBEIIai and SBEIIbj decreased PV, whereas SSIi and SBEIIbj decreased FV. SBEIi reduced setback viscosity and gelatinization enthalpy. RCL10/24 of chain length distribution in amylopectin is negatively correlated with PV and BD of paste property and GTs of thermal properties. We also report RILs with superior starch properties combining Wxi, SSIj, SSIIaj, SBEIi and SBEIIbj alleles. Additionally, a clear relation is drawn to starch biosynthetic gene alleles, starch structure, properties, and abundance of granule bound starch biosynthetic enzymes inside starch granules. CONCLUSIONS Rice Wxi and SSIIaj alleles play major roles, while SSIi, SBEIi, SBEIIai and SBEIIbj alleles have minor roles in the determination of starch properties between indica and japonica rice through starch structural modification. The combination of these alleles is a key factor for starch quality improvement in rice breeding programs. RCL10/24 value is critical for starch structure and property determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixun Luo
- />CSIRO Agriculture Flagship, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
- />College of Medicine, Biology and Environment, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200 Australia
| | - Stephen A Jobling
- />CSIRO Agriculture Flagship, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Anthony Millar
- />College of Medicine, Biology and Environment, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200 Australia
| | - Matthew K Morell
- />CSIRO Agriculture Flagship, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
- />International Rice Research Institute, Maligaya, Muñoz, Nueva Ecija Philippines
| | - Zhongyi Li
- />CSIRO Agriculture Flagship, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
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16
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Luo J, Jobling SA, Millar A, Morell MK, Li Z. Allelic effects on starch structure and properties of six starch biosynthetic genes in a rice recombinant inbred line population. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2015; 8:15. [PMID: 25844120 DOI: 10.1186./s12284-015-0046-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The genetic diversity of six starch biosynthetic genes (Wx, SSI, SSIIa, SBEI, SBEIIa and SBEIIb) in indica and japonica rices opens an opportunity to produce a new variety with more favourable grain starch quality. However, there is limited information about the effects of these six gene allele combinations on starch structure and properties. A recombinant inbred line population from a cross between indica and japonica varieties offers opportunities to combine specific alleles of the six genes. RESULTS The allelic (indica vs japonica) effects of six starch biosynthetic genes on starch structure, functional properties, and abundance of granule bound proteins in rice grains were investigated in a common genetic background using a recombinant inbred line population. The indica Wx (Wxi) allele played a major role while indica SSI (SSIi), japonica SSIIa (SSIIaj) and indica SBEI (SBEIi) alleles had minor roles on the increase of amylose content. SSIIaj and japonica SBEIIb (SBEIIbj) alleles had a major and a minor role on high ratio of ∑DP ≤ 10 to ∑DP ≤ 24 fractions (RCL10/24), respectively. Both major alleles (Wxi and SSIIaj) reduced peak viscosity (PV), onset, peak and end gelatinization temperatures (GTs) of amylopectin, and increased amylose-lipid complex dissociation enthalpy compared with their counterpart-alleles, respectively. SBEIIai and SBEIIbj decreased PV, whereas SSIi and SBEIIbj decreased FV. SBEIi reduced setback viscosity and gelatinization enthalpy. RCL10/24 of chain length distribution in amylopectin is negatively correlated with PV and BD of paste property and GTs of thermal properties. We also report RILs with superior starch properties combining Wxi, SSIj, SSIIaj, SBEIi and SBEIIbj alleles. Additionally, a clear relation is drawn to starch biosynthetic gene alleles, starch structure, properties, and abundance of granule bound starch biosynthetic enzymes inside starch granules. CONCLUSIONS Rice Wxi and SSIIaj alleles play major roles, while SSIi, SBEIi, SBEIIai and SBEIIbj alleles have minor roles in the determination of starch properties between indica and japonica rice through starch structural modification. The combination of these alleles is a key factor for starch quality improvement in rice breeding programs. RCL10/24 value is critical for starch structure and property determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixun Luo
- CSIRO Agriculture Flagship, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia ; College of Medicine, Biology and Environment, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200 Australia
| | - Stephen A Jobling
- CSIRO Agriculture Flagship, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Anthony Millar
- College of Medicine, Biology and Environment, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200 Australia
| | - Matthew K Morell
- CSIRO Agriculture Flagship, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia ; International Rice Research Institute, Maligaya, Muñoz, Nueva Ecija Philippines
| | - Zhongyi Li
- CSIRO Agriculture Flagship, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
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Pinheiro C, Sergeant K, Machado CM, Renaut J, Ricardo CP. Two Traditional Maize Inbred Lines of Contrasting Technological Abilities Are Discriminated by the Seed Flour Proteome. J Proteome Res 2013; 12:3152-65. [DOI: 10.1021/pr400012t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carla Pinheiro
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República-EAN,
2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Kjell Sergeant
- Department “Environment and Agro-biotechnologies” (EVA), Centre de Recherche Public-Gabriel Lippmann, 41, rue
du Brill, 4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Cátia M. Machado
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República-EAN,
2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Jenny Renaut
- Department “Environment and Agro-biotechnologies” (EVA), Centre de Recherche Public-Gabriel Lippmann, 41, rue
du Brill, 4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Cândido P. Ricardo
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República-EAN,
2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
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18
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Cho DH, Han JA, Lim ST. Identification of botanical origin of starch by using peptide mass fingerprinting of granule-bound starch synthase. J Cereal Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2013.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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19
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Pechanova O, Takáč T, Šamaj J, Pechan T. Maize proteomics: An insight into the biology of an important cereal crop. Proteomics 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201200275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Pechanova
- Mississippi State Chemical Laboratory; Mississippi State University; Mississippi State; MS; USA
| | - Tomáš Takáč
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science; Palacký University; Olomouc; Czech Republic
| | - Jozef Šamaj
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science; Palacký University; Olomouc; Czech Republic
| | - Tibor Pechan
- Institute for Genomics, Biocomputing and Biotechnology, Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station,; Mississippi State University; Mississippi State; MS; USA
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Koziol AG, Marquez BK, Huebsch MP, Smith JC, Altosaar I. Commercially Produced Rice and Maize Starches Contain Nonhost Proteins, as Shown by Mass Spectrometry. Cereal Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1094/cchem-04-12-0043-n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam G. Koziol
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1H 8M5
| | - Benazir K. Marquez
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1H 8M5
| | - Matthew P. Huebsch
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1S 5B6
| | - Jeffrey C. Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1S 5B6
| | - Illimar Altosaar
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1H 8M5
- Corresponding author. Phone: (613) 562-5800, ext. 6374. Fax: (613) 562-5452. E-mail:
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Koziol AG, Loit E, McNulty M, MacFarlane AJ, Scott FW, Altosaar I. Seed storage proteins of the globulin family are cleaved post-translationally in wheat embryos. BMC Res Notes 2012; 5:385. [PMID: 22838494 PMCID: PMC3434096 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-5-385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2012] [Accepted: 07/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The 7S globulins are plant seed storage proteins that have been associated with the development of a number of human diseases, including peanut allergy. Immune reactivity to the wheat seed storage protein globulin-3 (Glo-3) has been associated with the development of the autoimmune disease type 1 diabetes in diabetes-prone rats and mice, as well as in a subset of human patients. Findings The present study characterized native wheat Glo-3 in salt-soluble wheat seed protein extracts. Glo-3-like peptides were observed primarily in the wheat embryo. Glo-3-like proteins varied significantly in their molecular masses and isoelectric points, as determined by two dimensional electrophoresis and immunoblotting with anti-Glo-3A antibodies. Five major polypeptide spots were identified by mass spectrometry and N-terminal sequencing as belonging to the Glo-3 family. Conclusions These results in combination with our previous findings have allowed for the development of a hypothetical model of the post-translational events contributing to the wheat 7S globulin profile in mature wheat kernels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam G Koziol
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
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