1
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Insights into the toxicity and biodegradation of fipronil in contaminated environment. Microbiol Res 2022; 266:127247. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2022.127247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Possamai-Della T, Dal-Pont GC, Resende WR, Aguiar-Geraldo JM, Peper-Nascimento J, Quevedo J, Valvassori SS. Imipramine Can Be Effective on Depressive-Like Behaviors, but Not on Neurotrophic Factor Levels in an Animal Model for Bipolar Disorder Induced by Ouabain. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:7170-7181. [PMID: 36121567 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-03022-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite possible risks of mania switching with the long-term use of antidepressants in patients with bipolar disorder (BD), these drugs may help in depressive episodes. Alterations in neurotrophic factor levels seem to be involved in the pathophysiology of BD. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of acute treatment of imipramine on behavior and neurotrophic levels in rats submitted to the animal model for BD induced by ouabain. METHODS Wistar rats received a single intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of artificial cerebrospinal fluid or ouabain (10-3 M). Following the ICV administration, the rats were treated for 14 days with saline (NaCl 0.9%, i.p.), lithium (47.5 mg/kg, i.p.), or valproate (200 mg/kg, i.p.). On the 13th and 14th days of treatment, the animals received an additional injection of saline or imipramine (10 mg/kg, i.p.). Behavior tests were evaluated 7 and 14 days after ICV injection. Adrenal gland weight and concentrations of ACTH were evaluated. Levels of neurotrophins BDNF, NGF, NT-3, and GDNF were measured in the frontal cortex and hippocampus by ELISA test. RESULTS The administration of ouabain induced mania- and depressive-like behavior in the animals 7 and 14 days after ICV, respectively. The treatment with lithium and valproate reversed the mania-like behavior. All treatments were able to reverse most of the depressive-like behaviors induced by ouabain. Moreover, ouabain increased HPA-axis parameters in serum and decreased the neurotrophin levels in the frontal cortex and hippocampus. All treatments, except imipramine, reversed these alterations. CONCLUSION It can be suggested that acute administration of imipramine alone can be effective on depressive-like symptoms but not on neurotrophic factor alterations present in BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taise Possamai-Della
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Gustavo C Dal-Pont
- Translational Health Research Laboratory, Alto Vale do Rio do Peixe University, Caçador, Brazil
| | - Wilson R Resende
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Jorge M Aguiar-Geraldo
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Jefté Peper-Nascimento
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - João Quevedo
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil.,Translational Psychiatry Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA.,Center of Excellence On Mood Disorders, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Samira S Valvassori
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil.
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3
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Rajkhowa B, Mehan S, Sethi P, Prajapati A, Suri M, Kumar S, Bhalla S, Narula AS, Alshammari A, Alharbi M, Alkahtani N, Alghamdi S, Kalfin R. Activating SIRT-1 Signalling with the Mitochondrial-CoQ10 Activator Solanesol Improves Neurobehavioral and Neurochemical Defects in Ouabain-Induced Experimental Model of Bipolar Disorder. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15080959. [PMID: 36015107 PMCID: PMC9415079 DOI: 10.3390/ph15080959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic mental illness characterized by mood fluctuations that range from depressive lows to manic highs. Several studies have linked the downregulation of SIRT-1 (silent mating type information regulation-2 homologs) signaling to the onset of BD and other neurological dysfunctions. This research aimed to look into the neuroprotective potential of Solanesol (SNL) in rats given ICV-Ouabain injections, focusing on its effect on SIRT-1 signaling activation in the brain. Ouabain, found in hypothalamic and medullary neurons, is an endogenous inhibitor of brain Na+/K+ ATPase. The inhibition of brain Na+/K+ ATPase by Ouabain may also result in changes in neurotransmission within the central nervous system. SNL is a Solanaceae family active phytoconstituent produced from the plant Nicotiana tabacum. SNL is used as a precursor for the production of CoQ10 (Coenzyme Q10), a powerful antioxidant and neuroprotective compound. In the current study, lithium (Li), an important mood stabilizer drug, was used as a control. This study looked at the neuroprotective potential of SNL at dosages of 40 and 80 mg/kg in ICV-OUA injections that caused BD-like neurobehavioral and neurochemical defects in Wistar rats. Wistar rats were placed into eight groups (n = 6) and administered 1 mM/0.5 µL ICV-OUA injections for three days. Neurochemical assessments were done in rat brain homogenates, CSF, and blood plasma samples at the end of the experiment protocol schedule. Long-term SNL and lithium administration have been shown to decrease the number of rearing and crossings and reduce time spent in the center, locomotor activities, and immobility time. Solansesol treatment gradually raises the amount of Na+/K+ ATPase, limiting the severity of behavioural symptoms. These findings also revealed that SNL increases the levels of SIRT-1 in CSF, blood plasma, and brain homogenate samples. Moreover, in rat brain homogenates and blood plasma samples, SNL modulates apoptotic markers such as Caspase-3, Bax (pro-apoptotic), and Bcl-2 (anti-apoptotic). Mitochondrial-ETC complex enzymes, including complex-I, II, IV, V, and CoQ10, were also restored following long-term SNL treatment. Furthermore, SNL lowered inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β) levels while restoring neurotransmitter levels (serotonin, dopamine, glutamate, and acetylcholine) and decreasing oxidative stress markers. Histological examinations also validated Solanesol’s protective effect. As a result, our findings suggest that SNL, as a SIRT-1 signalling activator, may be a promising therapeutic approach for BD-like neurological dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bidisha Rajkhowa
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga 142001, India; (B.R.); (P.S.); (A.P.); (M.S.); (S.K.); (S.B.)
| | - Sidharth Mehan
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga 142001, India; (B.R.); (P.S.); (A.P.); (M.S.); (S.K.); (S.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +91-8059889909
| | - Pranshul Sethi
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga 142001, India; (B.R.); (P.S.); (A.P.); (M.S.); (S.K.); (S.B.)
| | - Aradhana Prajapati
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga 142001, India; (B.R.); (P.S.); (A.P.); (M.S.); (S.K.); (S.B.)
| | - Manisha Suri
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga 142001, India; (B.R.); (P.S.); (A.P.); (M.S.); (S.K.); (S.B.)
| | - Sumit Kumar
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga 142001, India; (B.R.); (P.S.); (A.P.); (M.S.); (S.K.); (S.B.)
| | - Sonalika Bhalla
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga 142001, India; (B.R.); (P.S.); (A.P.); (M.S.); (S.K.); (S.B.)
| | - Acharan S. Narula
- Narula Research, LLC, 107 Boulder Bluff, Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA;
| | - Abdulrahman Alshammari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (M.A.); (N.A.); (S.A.)
| | - Metab Alharbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (M.A.); (N.A.); (S.A.)
| | - Nora Alkahtani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (M.A.); (N.A.); (S.A.)
| | - Saeed Alghamdi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (M.A.); (N.A.); (S.A.)
| | - Reni Kalfin
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev St., Block 23, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
- Department of Healthcare, South-West University “Neofit Rilski”, Ivan Mihailov St. 66, 2700 Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria
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van Rensburg D, Lindeque Z, Harvey BH, Steyn SF. Reviewing the mitochondrial dysfunction paradigm in rodent models as platforms for neuropsychiatric disease research. Mitochondrion 2022; 64:82-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2022.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Kukula O, Çiçekli MN, Şafak S, Günaydın C. Role of TRPV1 channels on glycogen synthase kinase-3β and oxidative stress in ouabain-induced bipolar disease. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2021; 42:338-348. [PMID: 34304690 DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2021.1955928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a multifactorial chronic and refractory disease characterized by manic, depressive, and mixed mood episodes. Although epidemiological, and pathophysiological studies demonstrated a strong correlation between bipolar disorder and oxidative stress, precise etiology is still missing. Recent studies suggested the possible role of transient receptor potential channels (TRP) in the BD but, current knowledge is limited. Therefore, the current study investigates the possible role of TRPV1 in the ouabain-induced model of BD. The model was created with intracerebroventricular single dose ouabain (10-3 M) administration. Animals were treated with capsaicin, capsazepine, and lithium for seven days. Mania and depressive-like states were investigated with open-field, sucrose preference, and elevated plus maze tests. Oxidative stress was assessed by measuring total antioxidant and oxidant states, spectrophotometrically. The phosphorylation Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) evaluated by western blotting. Our results demonstrated that capsaicin dose-dependently inhibited the ouabain-induced hyperlocomotion and depression. Although capsazepine exacerbated behavioral impairment, it did not show a significant effect on the antioxidant and oxidant states, and the effects of capsazepine on behaviors were abolished by combination with capsaicin. Additionally, capsaicin potently prevented the ouabain-induced decrease in GSK-3β phosphorylation. In contrast, capsazepine potentiated ouabain-induced decrease in GSK-3β phosphorylation and combination with capsaicin, suppressed the effect of capsazepine on GSK-3β phosphorylation. The effects of TRPV1 activation on oxidative stress and mania-like behaviors in the ouabain-induced BD model might be regulated by GSK-3β phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osman Kukula
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Nusret Çiçekli
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Sinan Şafak
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Caner Günaydın
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
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6
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Kolar D, Kleteckova L, Brozka H, Vales K. Mini-review: Brain energy metabolism and its role in animal models of depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and autism. Neurosci Lett 2021; 760:136003. [PMID: 34098028 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.136003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are cellular organelles essential for energy metabolism and antioxidant defense. Mitochondrial impairment is implicated in many psychiatric disorders, including depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and autism. To characterize and eventually find effective treatments of bioenergetic impairment in psychiatric disease, researchers find animal models indispensable. The present review focuses on brain energetics in several environmental, genetic, drug-induced, and surgery-induced animal models of depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and autism. Most reported deficits included decreased activity in the electron transport chain, increased oxidative damage, decreased antioxidant defense, decreased ATP levels, and decreased mitochondrial potential. Models of depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and autism shared many bioenergetic deficits. This is in concordance with the absence of a disease-specific brain energy phenotype in human patients. Unfortunately, due to the absence of null results in examined literature, indicative of reporting bias, we refrain from making generalized conclusions. Present review can be a valuable tool for comparing current findings, generating more targeted hypotheses, and selecting fitting models for further preclinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Kolar
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic.
| | | | - Hana Brozka
- Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Karel Vales
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic.
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7
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Giménez-Palomo A, Dodd S, Anmella G, Carvalho AF, Scaini G, Quevedo J, Pacchiarotti I, Vieta E, Berk M. The Role of Mitochondria in Mood Disorders: From Physiology to Pathophysiology and to Treatment. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:546801. [PMID: 34295268 PMCID: PMC8291901 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.546801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are cellular organelles involved in several biological processes, especially in energy production. Several studies have found a relationship between mitochondrial dysfunction and mood disorders, such as major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder. Impairments in energy production are found in these disorders together with higher levels of oxidative stress. Recently, many agents capable of enhancing antioxidant defenses or mitochondrial functioning have been studied for the treatment of mood disorders as adjuvant therapy to current pharmacological treatments. A better knowledge of mitochondrial physiology and pathophysiology might allow the identification of new therapeutic targets and the development and study of novel effective therapies to treat these specific mitochondrial impairments. This could be especially beneficial for treatment-resistant patients. In this article, we provide a focused narrative review of the currently available evidence supporting the involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction in mood disorders, the effects of current therapies on mitochondrial functions, and novel targeted therapies acting on mitochondrial pathways that might be useful for the treatment of mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Giménez-Palomo
- Bipolar and Depressives Disorders Unit, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Mental Health Research Networking Center (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Seetal Dodd
- Deakin University, The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC, Australia.,Department of Psychiatry, Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Gerard Anmella
- Bipolar and Depressives Disorders Unit, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Mental Health Research Networking Center (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Andre F Carvalho
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Giselli Scaini
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Joao Quevedo
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, United States.,Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, Brazil.,Center of Excellence in Mood Disorders, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Isabella Pacchiarotti
- Bipolar and Depressives Disorders Unit, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Mental Health Research Networking Center (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduard Vieta
- Bipolar and Depressives Disorders Unit, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Mental Health Research Networking Center (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Michael Berk
- School of Medicine, The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC, Australia.,Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health and the Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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8
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Zhou X, Zhang X, Wu Z, Xu X, Guo M, Zhai X, Zuo D, Wu Y. The novel ALK inhibitor ZX-29 induces apoptosis through inhibiting ALK and inducing ROS-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress in Karpas299 cells. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2020; 35:e22666. [PMID: 33140567 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
It is a well-known fact that 60%-85% of anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is mainly driven by the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) fusion protein. Although ALK-positive ALCL patients respond significantly to ALK inhibitors, the development of resistance is inevitable, which requires the development of new therapeutic strategies for ALK-positive ALCL. Here, we investigated the anticancer activities of N-(2((5-chloro-2-((2-methoxy-6-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)pyridin-3yl)amino)pyrimidin-4-yl)amino)phenyl)methanesulfonamide (ZX-29), a newly synthesized ALK inhibitor, against nucleophosmin-ALK-positive cell line Karpas299. We demonstrated that ZX-29 decreased Karpas299 cells growth and had better cytotoxicity than ceritinib, which was mediated through downregulating the expression of ALK and related proteins, inducing cell cycle arrest, and promoting cell apoptosis. Moreover, ZX-29-induced cell apoptosis by inducing endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). In addition, ZX-29 increased the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and cells pretreatment with N-acetyl- l-cysteine could attenuate ZX-29-induced cell apoptosis and ERS. Taken together, ZX-29 inhibited Karpas299 cell proliferation and induced apoptosis through inhibiting ALK and its downstream protein expression and inducing ROS-mediated ERS. Therefore, our results provide evidence for a novel antitumor candidate for the further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoning Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhuzhu Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaobo Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ming Guo
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xin Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Daiying Zuo
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yingliang Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
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9
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ĽUPTÁK M, HROUDOVÁ J. Important Role of Mitochondria and the Effect of Mood Stabilizers on Mitochondrial Function. Physiol Res 2019; 68:S3-S15. [DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria primarily serve as source of cellular energy through the Krebs cycle and β-oxidation to generate substrates for oxidative phosphorylation. Redox reactions are used to transfer electrons through a gradient to their final acceptor, oxygen, and to pump hydrogen protons into the intermembrane space. Then, ATP synthase uses the electrochemical gradient to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP). During these processes, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated. ROS are highly reactive molecules with important physiological functions in cellular signaling. Mitochondria play a crucial role in intracellular calcium homeostasis and serve as transient calcium stores. High levels of both, ROS and free cytosolic calcium, can damage mitochondrial and cellular structures and trigger apoptosis. Impaired mitochondrial function has been described in many psychiatric diseases, including mood disorders, in terms of lowered mitochondrial membrane potential, suppressed ATP formation, imbalanced Ca2+ levels and increased ROS levels. In vitro models have indicated that mood stabilizers affect mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes, ROS production, ATP formation, Ca2+ buffering and the antioxidant system. Most studies support the hypothesis that mitochondrial dysfunction is a primary feature of mood disorders. The precise mechanism of action of mood stabilizers remains unknown, but new mitochondrial targets have been proposed for use as mood stabilizers and mitochondrial biomarkers in the evaluation of therapy effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. ĽUPTÁK
- Department of Pharmacology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
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10
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Valvassori SS, Dal-Pont GC, Resende WR, Varela RB, Lopes-Borges J, Cararo JH, Quevedo J. Validation of the animal model of bipolar disorder induced by Ouabain: face, construct and predictive perspectives. Transl Psychiatry 2019; 9:158. [PMID: 31164628 PMCID: PMC6548776 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-019-0494-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A particular challenge in the development of a bipolar disorder (BD) model in animals is the complicated clinical course of the condition, characterized by manic, depressive and mixed mood episodes. Ouabain (OUA) is an inhibitor of Na+/K+-ATPase enzyme. Intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of this drug in rats has been regarded a proper model to study BD by mimic specific manic symptoms, which are reversed by lithium (Li), an important mood stabilizer drug. However, further validation of this experimental approach is required to characterize it as an animal model of BD, including depressive-like behaviors. The present study aimed to assess manic- and depressive-like behaviors, potential alteration in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) system and oxidative stress parameters after a single OUA ICV administration in adult male Wistar rats. Moreover, we evaluated Li effects in this experimental setting. Data show that OUA ICV administration could constitute a suitable model for BD since the injection of the drug triggered manic- and depressive-like behaviors in the same animal. Additionally, the OUA model mimics significant physiological and neurochemical alterations detected in BD patients, including an increase in oxidative stress and change in HPA axis. Our findings suggest that decreased Na+/K+-ATPase activity detected in bipolar patients may be linked to increased secretion of glucocorticoid hormones and oxidative damage, leading to the marked behavioral swings. The Li administration mitigated these pathological changes in the rats. The proposed OUA model is regarded as suitable to simulate BD by complying with all validities required to a proper animal model of the psychiatric disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira S. Valvassori
- 0000 0001 2150 7271grid.412287.aTranslational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC Brazil
| | - Gustavo C. Dal-Pont
- 0000 0001 2150 7271grid.412287.aTranslational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC Brazil
| | - Wilson R. Resende
- 0000 0001 2150 7271grid.412287.aTranslational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC Brazil
| | - Roger B. Varela
- 0000 0001 2150 7271grid.412287.aTranslational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC Brazil
| | - Jéssica Lopes-Borges
- 0000 0001 2150 7271grid.412287.aTranslational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC Brazil
| | - José Henrique Cararo
- 0000 0001 2150 7271grid.412287.aTranslational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC Brazil
| | - João Quevedo
- 0000 0001 2150 7271grid.412287.aTranslational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC Brazil ,0000 0000 9206 2401grid.267308.8Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX USA ,0000 0000 9206 2401grid.267308.8Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX USA ,0000 0001 2291 4776grid.240145.6Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX USA
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11
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Dal-Pont GC, Resende WR, Bianchini G, Gava FF, Peterle BR, Trajano KS, Varela RB, Quevedo J, Valvassori SS. Tamoxifen has an anti-manic effect but not protect the brain against oxidative stress in an animal model of mania induced by ouabain. J Psychiatr Res 2019; 113:181-189. [PMID: 30981159 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Studies have suggested the involvement of oxidative stress in the physiopathology of bipolar disorder. Preclinical data have shown that PKC inhibitors may act as mood-stabilizing agents and protect the brain in animal models of mania. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of Lithium (Li) or tamoxifen (TMX) on behavioral changes and oxidative stress parameters in an animal model of mania induced by ouabain (OUA). Wistar rats received a single intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of OUA or artificial cerebrospinal fluid (ACSF). From the day following ICV injection, the rats were treated for seven days with intraperitoneal injections of saline, Li or TMX twice a day. On the 7th day after OUA injection, locomotor activity was measured using the open-field test, and the oxidative stress parameters were evaluated in the hippocampus and frontal cortex of rats. The results showed that OUA induced hyperactivity in rats, which is considered a manic-like behavior. Also, OUA increased lipid peroxidation and oxidative damage to proteins, as well as causing alterations to antioxidant enzymes in the frontal cortex and hippocampus of rats. The Li or TMX treatment reversed the manic-like behavior induced by OUA. Besides, Li, but not TMX, reversed the oxidative damage caused by OUA. These results suggest that the manic-like effects induced by OUA and the antimanic effects of TMX seem not to be related to the oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo C Dal-Pont
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Wilson R Resende
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Bianchini
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Fernanda F Gava
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Bruna R Peterle
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Kerolen S Trajano
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Roger B Varela
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - João Quevedo
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil; Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA; Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
| | - Samira S Valvassori
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil.
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12
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Konenkov VI, Rachkovskaya LN, Letyagin AY, Suslov NI, Shurlygina AV, Robinson MV, Korolev MA, Kotlyarova AA, Popova TV, Rachkovskii EE, Povet'eva TN, Shilova NV, Nesterova YV, Afanas'eva OG, Kul'pin PV. Effect of Lithium Preparations on Cerebral Electrophysiological Activity in Rats. Bull Exp Biol Med 2018; 165:470-473. [PMID: 30121932 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-018-4196-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The study examined the effects of a novel neurotropic medication based on a lithium complex composed of lithium citrate, polymethylsiloxane, and aluminum oxide on electrophysiological parameters of the rat brain. In contrast to lithium carbonate (the reference drug), the novel preparation resulted in a wave-like dynamics of electrical activity in the visual cortex. Rhythmic photic stimulation of the rats treated with lithium carbonate resulted in appearance of the signs attesting to up-regulation of excitability of cerebral cortex in all examined ranges. In contrast, the complex lithium preparation diminished the delta power spectrum, which was the only affected frequency band. It is hypothesized that the complex lithium medication induces milder activation of the cerebral cortex in comparison with lithium carbonate. The novel medication composed of lithium citrate, aluminum oxide, and polymethylsiloxane, is characterized by greater efficacy and safety than the preparation based on inorganic lithium salt (lithium carbonate).
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Affiliation(s)
- V I Konenkov
- Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology, Affiliated Branch of Federal Research Center of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - L N Rachkovskaya
- Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology, Affiliated Branch of Federal Research Center of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - A Yu Letyagin
- Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology, Affiliated Branch of Federal Research Center of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - N I Suslov
- E. D. Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - A V Shurlygina
- Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology, Affiliated Branch of Federal Research Center of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - M V Robinson
- Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology, Affiliated Branch of Federal Research Center of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - M A Korolev
- Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology, Affiliated Branch of Federal Research Center of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - A A Kotlyarova
- Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology, Affiliated Branch of Federal Research Center of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - T V Popova
- Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology, Affiliated Branch of Federal Research Center of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - E E Rachkovskii
- Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology, Affiliated Branch of Federal Research Center of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - T N Povet'eva
- E. D. Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - N V Shilova
- E. D. Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Yu V Nesterova
- E. D. Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - O G Afanas'eva
- E. D. Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - P V Kul'pin
- E. D. Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
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13
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Lichtstein D, Ilani A, Rosen H, Horesh N, Singh SV, Buzaglo N, Hodes A. Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase Signaling and Bipolar Disorder. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2314. [PMID: 30087257 PMCID: PMC6121236 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe and common chronic mental illness characterized by recurrent mood swings between depression and mania. The biological basis of the disease is poorly understood and its treatment is unsatisfactory. Although in past decades the "monoamine hypothesis" has dominated our understanding of both the pathophysiology of depressive disorders and the action of pharmacological treatments, recent studies focus on the involvement of additional neurotransmitters/neuromodulators systems and cellular processes in BD. Here, evidence for the participation of Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase and its endogenous regulators, the endogenous cardiac steroids (ECS), in the etiology of BD is reviewed. Proof for the involvement of brain Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase and ECS in behavior is summarized and it is hypothesized that ECS-Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase-induced activation of intracellular signaling participates in the mechanisms underlying BD. We propose that the activation of ERK, AKT, and NFκB, resulting from ECS-Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase interaction, modifies neuronal activity and neurotransmission which, in turn, participate in the regulation of behavior and BD. These observations suggest Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase-mediated signaling is a potential target for drug development for the treatment of BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Lichtstein
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
| | - Asher Ilani
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
| | - Haim Rosen
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
| | - Noa Horesh
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
| | - Shiv Vardan Singh
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
| | - Nahum Buzaglo
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
| | - Anastasia Hodes
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
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14
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Dal-Pont GC, Resende WR, Varela RB, Menegas S, Trajano KS, Peterle BR, Quevedo J, Valvassori SS. Inhibition of GSK-3β on Behavioral Changes and Oxidative Stress in an Animal Model of Mania. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:2379-2393. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1226-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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15
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The observed alteration in BCL2 expression following lithium treatment is influenced by the choice of normalization method. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6399. [PMID: 29686228 PMCID: PMC5913222 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24546-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Upregulation of B-cell CLL/lymphoma (BCL)2 expression following lithium treatment is seemingly well established and has been related to the neuroprotective property of the drug. However, while demonstrated by some (but not all) studies based on low-throughput techniques (e.g. qPCR) this effect is not reflected in high-throughput studies, such as microarrays and RNAseq. This manuscript presents a systematic review of currently available reports of lithium's effect on BCL2 expression. To our surprise, we found that the majority of the literature does not support the effect of lithium on BCL2 transcript or protein levels. Moreover, among the positive reports, several used therapeutically irrelevant lithium doses while others lack statistical power. We also noticed that numerous low-throughput studies normalized the signal using genes/proteins affected by lithium, imposing possible bias. Using wet bench experiments and reanalysis of publicly available microarray data, here we show that the reference gene chosen for normalization critically impacts the outcome of qPCR analyses of lithium's effect on BCL2 expression. Our findings suggest that experimental results might be severely affected by the choice of normalizing genes, and emphasize the need to re-evaluate stability of these genes in the context of the specific experimental conditions.
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16
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Lopachev AV, Abaimov DA, Fedorova TN, Lopacheva OM, Akkuratova NV, Akkuratov EE. Cardiotonic Steroids as Potential Endogenous Regulators in the Nervous System. NEUROCHEM J+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1819712418010087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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17
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Ceylan D, Tuna G, Kirkali G, Tunca Z, Can G, Arat HE, Kant M, Dizdaroglu M, Özerdem A. Oxidatively-induced DNA damage and base excision repair in euthymic patients with bipolar disorder. DNA Repair (Amst) 2018; 65:64-72. [PMID: 29626765 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2018.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Oxidatively-induced DNA damage has previously been associated with bipolar disorder. More recently, impairments in DNA repair mechanisms have also been reported. We aimed to investigate oxidatively-induced DNA lesions and expression of DNA glycosylases involved in base excision repair in euthymic patients with bipolar disorder compared to healthy individuals. DNA base lesions including both base and nucleoside modifications were measured using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with isotope-dilution in DNA samples isolated from leukocytes of euthymic patients with bipolar disorder (n = 32) and healthy individuals (n = 51). The expression of DNA repair enzymes OGG1 and NEIL1 were measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The levels of malondialdehyde were measured using high performance liquid chromatography. Seven DNA base lesions in DNA of leukocytes of patients and healthy individuals were identified and quantified. Three of them had significantly elevated levels in bipolar patients when compared to healthy individuals. No elevation of lipid peroxidation marker malondialdehyde was observed. The level of OGG1 expression was significantly reduced in bipolar patients compared to healthy individuals, whereas the two groups exhibited similar levels of NEIL1 expression. Our results suggest that oxidatively-induced DNA damage occurs and base excision repair capacity may be decreased in bipolar patients when compared to healthy individuals. Measurement of oxidatively-induced DNA base lesions and the expression of DNA repair enzymes may be of great importance for large scale basic research and clinical studies of bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Ceylan
- Vocational School of Health Services, Izmir University of Economics, Izmir, Turkey; Department of Neuroscience, Health Sciences Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Gamze Tuna
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Health Sciences Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Güldal Kirkali
- Thoracic and Gastrointestinal Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Zeliha Tunca
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Güneş Can
- Department of Psychiatry, Mardin State Hospital, Mardin, Turkey
| | - Hidayet Ece Arat
- Department of Psychology, Istanbul Gelişim University, Istanbul, Turkey, Turkey
| | - Melis Kant
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Health Sciences Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Miral Dizdaroglu
- Biomolecular Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA.
| | - Ayşegül Özerdem
- Department of Neuroscience, Health Sciences Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey; Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
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18
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Blaustein MP. The pump, the exchanger, and the holy spirit: origins and 40-year evolution of ideas about the ouabain-Na + pump endocrine system. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2017; 314:C3-C26. [PMID: 28971835 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00196.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Two prescient 1953 publications set the stage for the elucidation of a novel endocrine system: Schatzmann's report that cardiotonic steroids (CTSs) are all Na+ pump inhibitors, and Szent-Gyorgi's suggestion that there is an endogenous "missing screw" in heart failure that CTSs like digoxin may replace. In 1977 I postulated that an endogenous Na+ pump inhibitor acts as a natriuretic hormone and simultaneously elevates blood pressure (BP) in salt-dependent hypertension. This hypothesis was based on the idea that excess renal salt retention promoted the secretion of a CTS-like hormone that inhibits renal Na+ pumps and salt reabsorption. The hormone also inhibits arterial Na+ pumps, elevates myocyte Na+ and promotes Na/Ca exchanger-mediated Ca2+ gain. This enhances vasoconstriction and arterial tone-the hallmark of hypertension. Here I describe how those ideas led to the discovery that the CTS-like hormone is endogenous ouabain (EO), a key factor in the pathogenesis of hypertension and heart failure. Seminal observations that underlie the still-emerging picture of the EO-Na+ pump endocrine system in the physiology and pathophysiology of multiple organ systems are summarized. Milestones include: 1) cloning the Na+ pump isoforms and physiological studies of mutated pumps in mice; 2) discovery that Na+ pumps are also EO-triggered signaling molecules; 3) demonstration that ouabain, but not digoxin, is hypertensinogenic; 4) elucidation of EO's roles in kidney development and cardiovascular and renal physiology and pathophysiology; 5) discovery of "brain ouabain", a component of a novel hypothalamic neuromodulatory pathway; and 6) finding that EO and its brain receptors modulate behavior and learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mordecai P Blaustein
- Departments of Physiology and Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland
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19
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Wang X, Anadón A, Wu Q, Qiao F, Ares I, Martínez-Larrañaga MR, Yuan Z, Martínez MA. Mechanism of Neonicotinoid Toxicity: Impact on Oxidative Stress and Metabolism. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2017; 58:471-507. [PMID: 28968193 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-010617-052429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Thousands of tons of neonicotinoids are widely used around the world as broad-spectrum systemic insecticides and veterinary drugs. Researchers originally thought that neonicotinoids exhibited low mammalian toxicity. However, following their widespread use, it became increasingly evident that neonicotinoids could have various toxic effects on vertebrates and invertebrates. The primary focus of this review is to summarize the research progress associated with oxidative stress as a plausible mechanism for neonicotinoid-induced toxicity as well as neonicotinoid metabolism. This review summarizes the research conducted over the past decade into the production of reactive oxygen species, reactive nitrogen species, and oxidative stress as aresult of neonicotinoid treatments, along with their correlation with the toxicity and metabolism of neonicotinoids. The metabolism of neonicotinoids and protection of various compounds against neonicotinoid-induced toxicity based on their antioxidative effects is also discussed. This review sheds new light on the critical roles of oxidative stress in neonicotinoid-induced toxicity to nontarget species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; .,National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China;
| | - Arturo Anadón
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Qinghua Wu
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China.,Center for Basic and Applied Research, Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové 50003, Czech Republic
| | - Fang Qiao
- MAO Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Irma Ares
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - María-Rosa Martínez-Larrañaga
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Zonghui Yuan
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; .,MAO Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.,Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - María-Aránzazu Martínez
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
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20
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Kim SM, Lee HM, Hwang KA, Choi KC. Benzo(a)pyrene induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human choriocarcinoma cancer cells through reactive oxygen species-induced endoplasmic reticulum-stress pathway. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 107:339-348. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.06.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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21
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Wang X, Wu Q, Liu A, Anadón A, Rodríguez JL, Martínez-Larrañaga MR, Yuan Z, Martínez MA. Paracetamol: overdose-induced oxidative stress toxicity, metabolism, and protective effects of various compounds in vivo and in vitro. Drug Metab Rev 2017; 49:395-437. [PMID: 28766385 DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2017.1354014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Paracetamol (APAP) is one of the most widely used and popular over-the-counter analgesic and antipyretic drugs in the world when used at therapeutic doses. APAP overdose can cause severe liver injury, liver necrosis and kidney damage in human beings and animals. Many studies indicate that oxidative stress is involved in the various toxicities associated with APAP, and various antioxidants were evaluated to investigate their protective roles against APAP-induced liver and kidney toxicities. To date, almost no review has addressed the APAP toxicity in relation to oxidative stress. This review updates the research conducted over the past decades into the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), and oxidative stress as a result of APAP treatments, and ultimately their correlation with the toxicity and metabolism of APAP. The metabolism of APAP involves various CYP450 enzymes, through which oxidative stress might occur, and such metabolic factors are reviewed within. The therapeutics of a variety of compounds against APAP-induced organ damage based on their anti-oxidative effects is also discussed, in order to further understand the role of oxidative stress in APAP-induced toxicity. This review will throw new light on the critical roles of oxidative stress in APAP-induced toxicity, as well as on the contradictions and blind spots that still exist in the understanding of APAP toxicity, the cellular effects in terms of organ injury and cell signaling pathways, and finally strategies to help remedy such against oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- a Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Universidad Complutense de Madrid , Madrid , Spain.,b National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues , Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan , Hubei , China
| | - Qinghua Wu
- c College of Life Science , Yangtze University , Jingzhou , China.,d Faculty of Informatics and Management , Center for Basic and Applied Research, University of Hradec Kralove , Hradec Kralove , Czech Republic
| | - Aimei Liu
- b National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues , Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan , Hubei , China
| | - Arturo Anadón
- a Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Universidad Complutense de Madrid , Madrid , Spain
| | - José-Luis Rodríguez
- a Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Universidad Complutense de Madrid , Madrid , Spain
| | - María-Rosa Martínez-Larrañaga
- a Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Universidad Complutense de Madrid , Madrid , Spain
| | - Zonghui Yuan
- b National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues , Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan , Hubei , China.,e MAO Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products , Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan , Hubei , China.,f Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety , Wuhan , Hubei , China
| | - María-Aránzazu Martínez
- a Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Universidad Complutense de Madrid , Madrid , Spain
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22
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Valvassori SS, Resende WR, Dal-Pont G, Sangaletti-Pereira H, Gava FF, Peterle BR, Carvalho AF, Varela RB, Dal-Pizzol F, Quevedo J. Lithium ameliorates sleep deprivation-induced mania-like behavior, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis alterations, oxidative stress and elevations of cytokine concentrations in the brain and serum of mice. Bipolar Disord 2017; 19:246-258. [PMID: 28612976 DOI: 10.1111/bdi.12503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The goal of the present study was to investigate the effects of lithium administration on behavior, oxidative stress parameters and cytokine levels in the periphery and brain of mice subjected to an animal model of mania induced by paradoxical sleep deprivation (PSD). METHODS Male C57 mice were treated with saline or lithium for 7 days. The sleep deprivation protocol started on the 5th day during for the last 36 hours of the treatment period. Immediately after the sleep deprivation protocol, animals locomotor activity was evaluated and serum and brain samples was extracted to evaluation of corticosterone and adrenocorticotropic hormone circulating levels, oxidative stress parameters and citokynes levels. RESULTS The results showed that PSD induced hyperactivity in mice, which is considered a mania-like behavior. PSD increased lipid peroxidation and oxidative damage to DNA, as well as causing alterations to antioxidant enzymes in the frontal cortex, hippocampus and serum of mice. In addition, PSD increased the levels of cytokines in the brains of mice. Treatment with lithium prevented the mania-like behavior, oxidative damage and cytokine alterations induced by PSD. CONCLUSIONS Improving our understanding of oxidative damage in biomolecules, antioxidant mechanisms and the inflammatory system - alterations presented in the animal models of mania - is important in helping us to improve our knowledge concerning the pathophysiology of BD, and the mechanisms of action employed by mood stabilizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira S Valvassori
- Laboratory of Neuronal Signaling and Psychopharmacology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil.,Laboratory of Neurosciences, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Wilson R Resende
- Laboratory of Neuronal Signaling and Psychopharmacology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil.,Laboratory of Neurosciences, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Dal-Pont
- Laboratory of Neuronal Signaling and Psychopharmacology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil.,Laboratory of Neurosciences, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Heron Sangaletti-Pereira
- Laboratory of Neuronal Signaling and Psychopharmacology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Fernanda F Gava
- Laboratory of Neuronal Signaling and Psychopharmacology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil.,Laboratory of Neurosciences, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Bruna R Peterle
- Laboratory of Neuronal Signaling and Psychopharmacology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil.,Laboratory of Neurosciences, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - André F Carvalho
- Translational Psychiatry Research Group and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Roger B Varela
- Laboratory of Neuronal Signaling and Psychopharmacology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil.,Laboratory of Neurosciences, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Felipe Dal-Pizzol
- Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - João Quevedo
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil.,Bipolar Disorder Program, Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Graduation Program in Psychiatry and Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) Medical School, Houston, TX, USA.,Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) Medical School, Houston, TX, USA.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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23
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Valvassori SS, Dal-Pont GC, Resende WR, Jornada LK, Peterle BR, Machado AG, Farias HR, de Souza CT, Carvalho AF, Quevedo J. Lithium and valproate act on the GSK-3β signaling pathway to reverse manic-like behavior in an animal model of mania induced by ouabain. Neuropharmacology 2017; 117:447-459. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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24
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Lopachev AV, Lopacheva OM, Osipova EA, Vladychenskaya EA, Smolyaninova LV, Fedorova TN, Koroleva OV, Akkuratov EE. Ouabain-induced changes in MAP kinase phosphorylation in primary culture of rat cerebellar cells. Cell Biochem Funct 2017; 34:367-77. [PMID: 27338714 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 05/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cardiotonic steroid (CTS) ouabain is a well-established inhibitor of Na,K-ATPase capable of inducing signalling processes including changes in the activity of the mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPK) in various cell types. With increasing evidence of endogenous CTS in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid, it is of particular interest to study ouabain-induced signalling in neurons, especially the activation of MAPK, because they are the key kinases activated in response to extracellular signals and regulating cell survival, proliferation and apoptosis. In this study we investigated the effect of ouabain on the level of phosphorylation of three MAPK (ERK1/2, JNK and p38) and on cell survival in the primary culture of rat cerebellar cells. Using Western blotting we described the time course and concentration dependence of phosphorylation for ERK1/2, JNK and p38 in response to ouabain. We discovered that ouabain at a concentration of 1 μM does not cause cell death in cultured neurons while it changes the phosphorylation level of the three MAPK: ERK1/2 is phosphorylated transiently, p38 shows sustained phosphorylation, and JNK is dephosphorylated after a long-term incubation. We showed that ERK1/2 phosphorylation increase does not depend on ouabain-induced calcium increase and p38 activation. Changes in p38 phosphorylation, which is independent from ERK1/2 activation, are calcium dependent. Changes in JNK phosphorylation are calcium dependent and also depend on ERK1/2 and p38 activation. Ten-micromolar ouabain leads to cell death, and we conclude that different effects of 1-μM and 10-μM ouabain depend on different ERK1/2 and p38 phosphorylation profiles. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V Lopachev
- Research Center of Neurology, Moscow, Russia.,Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga M Lopacheva
- Research Center of Neurology, Moscow, Russia.,Lomonosov Moscow State University, International Biotechnological Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A Osipova
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, International Biotechnological Center, Moscow, Russia.,Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Chemical Enzymology, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Larisa V Smolyaninova
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, International Biotechnological Center, Moscow, Russia.,Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Olga V Koroleva
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Evgeny E Akkuratov
- St. Petersburg State University, Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
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25
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Wang X, Martínez MA, Wu Q, Ares I, Martínez-Larrañaga MR, Anadón A, Yuan Z. Fipronil insecticide toxicology: oxidative stress and metabolism. Crit Rev Toxicol 2016; 46:876-899. [DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2016.1223014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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26
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Luca A, Calandra C, Luca M. Gsk3 Signalling and Redox Status in Bipolar Disorder: Evidence from Lithium Efficacy. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:3030547. [PMID: 27630757 PMCID: PMC5007367 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3030547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Objective. To discuss the link between glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3) and the main biological alterations demonstrated in bipolar disorder (BD), with special attention to the redox status and the evidence supporting the efficacy of lithium (a GSK3 inhibitor) in the treatment of BD. Methods. A literature research on the discussed topics, using Pubmed and Google Scholar, has been conducted. Moreover, a manual selection of interesting references from the identified articles has been performed. Results. The main biological alterations of BD, pertaining to inflammation, oxidative stress, membrane ion channels, and circadian system, seem to be intertwined. The dysfunction of the GSK3 signalling pathway is involved in all the aforementioned "biological causes" of BD. In a complex scenario, it can be seen as the common denominator linking them all. Lithium inhibition of GSK3 could, at least in part, explain its positive effect on these biological dysfunctions and its superiority in terms of clinical efficacy. Conclusions. Deepening the knowledge on the molecular bases of BD is fundamental to identifying the biochemical pathways that must be targeted in order to provide patients with increasingly effective therapeutic tools against an invalidating disorder such as BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonina Luca
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies, University Hospital Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele, Santa Sofia Street 78, Catania, 95100 Sicily, Italy
| | - Carmela Calandra
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies, University Hospital Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele, Santa Sofia Street 78, Catania, 95100 Sicily, Italy
| | - Maria Luca
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies, University Hospital Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele, Santa Sofia Street 78, Catania, 95100 Sicily, Italy
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27
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Wang X, Martínez MA, Dai M, Chen D, Ares I, Romero A, Castellano V, Martínez M, Rodríguez JL, Martínez-Larrañaga MR, Anadón A, Yuan Z. Permethrin-induced oxidative stress and toxicity and metabolism. A review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2016; 149:86-104. [PMID: 27183507 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Permethrin (PER), the most frequently used synthetic Type I pyrethroid insecticide, is widely used in the world because of its high activity as an insecticide and its low mammalian toxicity. It was originally believed that PER exhibited low toxicity on untargeted animals. However, as its use became more extensive worldwide, increasing evidence suggested that PER might have a variety of toxic effects on animals and humans alike, such as neurotoxicity, immunotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, reproductive, genotoxic, and haematotoxic effects, digestive system toxicity, and cytotoxicity. A growing number of studies indicate that oxidative stress played critical roles in the various toxicities associated with PER. To date, almost no review has addressed the toxicity of PER correlated with oxidative stress. The focus of this article is primarily to summarise advances in the research associated with oxidative stress as a potential mechanism for PER-induced toxicity as well as its metabolism. This review summarises the research conducted over the past decade into the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and oxidative stress as a consequence of PER treatments, and ultimately their correlation with the toxicity and the metabolism of PER. The metabolism of PER involves various CYP450 enzymes, alcohol or aldehyde dehydrogenases for oxidation and the carboxylesterases for hydrolysis, through which oxidative stress might occur, and such metabolic factors are also reviewed. The protection of a variety of antioxidants against PER-induced toxicity is also discussed, in order to further understand the role of oxidative stress in PER-induced toxicity. This review will throw new light on the critical roles of oxidative stress in PER-induced toxicity, as well as on the blind spots that still exist in the understanding of PER metabolism, the cellular effects in terms of apoptosis and cell signaling pathways, and finally strategies to help to protect against its oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - María-Aránzazu Martínez
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Menghong Dai
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Dongmei Chen
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Irma Ares
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Romero
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Victor Castellano
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Martínez
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Luis Rodríguez
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María-Rosa Martínez-Larrañaga
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Arturo Anadón
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Zonghui Yuan
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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28
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Nodwell J, Young LT. Reply. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2016; 133:335-6. [PMID: 26714100 DOI: 10.1111/acps.12542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Nodwell
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - L T Young
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
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29
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Lei E, Vacy K, Boon WC. Fatty acids and their therapeutic potential in neurological disorders. Neurochem Int 2016; 95:75-84. [PMID: 26939763 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2016.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
There is little doubt that we are what we eat. Fatty acid supplementation and diets rich in fatty acids are being promoted as ways to a healthier brain. Short chain fatty acids are a product of intestinal microbiota metabolism of dietary fibre; and their derivatives are used as an anti-convulstant. They demonstrated therapeutic potential in neurodegenerative conditions as HDAC inhibitors; and while the mechanism is not well understood, have been shown to lower amyloid β in Alzheimer's Disease in preclinical studies. Medium chain fatty acids consumed as a mixture in dietary oils can induce ketogenesis without the need for a ketogentic diet. Hence, this has the potential to provide an alternative energy source to prevent neuronal cell death due to lack of glucose. Long chain fatty acids are commonly found in the diet as omega fatty acids. They act as an anti-oxidant protecting neuronal cell membranes from oxidative damage and as an anti-inflammatory mediator in the brain. We review which agents, from each fatty acid class, have the most therapeutic potential for neurological disorders (primarily Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Autism Spectrum Disorder as well as possible applications to traumatic brain injury), by discussing what is known about their biological mechanisms from preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enie Lei
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Kristina Vacy
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Wah Chin Boon
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; Dept of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
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30
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Logan RW, McClung CA. Animal models of bipolar mania: The past, present and future. Neuroscience 2015; 321:163-188. [PMID: 26314632 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Revised: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is the sixth leading cause of disability in the world according to the World Health Organization and affects nearly six million (∼2.5% of the population) adults in the United State alone each year. BD is primarily characterized by mood cycling of depressive (e.g., helplessness, reduced energy and activity, and anhedonia) and manic (e.g., increased energy and hyperactivity, reduced need for sleep, impulsivity, reduced anxiety and depression), episodes. The following review describes several animal models of bipolar mania with a focus on more recent findings using genetically modified mice, including several with the potential of investigating the mechanisms underlying 'mood' cycling (or behavioral switching in rodents). We discuss whether each of these models satisfy criteria of validity (i.e., face, predictive, and construct), while highlighting their strengths and limitations. Animal models are helping to address critical questions related to pathophysiology of bipolar mania, in an effort to more clearly define necessary targets of first-line medications, lithium and valproic acid, and to discover novel mechanisms with the hope of developing more effective therapeutics. Future studies will leverage new technologies and strategies for integrating animal and human data to reveal important insights into the etiology, pathophysiology, and treatment of BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- R W Logan
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, 450 Technology Drive, Suite 223, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, United States
| | - C A McClung
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, 450 Technology Drive, Suite 223, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, United States.
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