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Lee CKK, Chan KNJ, Wong SMC, Wong HSG, Lei HCJ, So YK, Fung SCV, Chu STR, Chung KKA, Cheng PWC, Lo KYH, Chan WC, Chang WC. Relationships between psychopathological symptoms, pandemic-related stress, perceived social support, and COVID-19 infection history: a network analysis in Chinese college students. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1340101. [PMID: 38370557 PMCID: PMC10873916 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1340101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Previous coronavirus, 2019 (COVID-19) research has applied network analysis to examine relationships between psychopathological symptoms but rarely extended to potential risk and protective factors or the influence of COVID-19 infection history. This study examined complex inter-relationships between psychopathological symptoms, COVID-19-related stressors, perceived social support, and COVID-19 infection history among Chinese university/college students during the peak of fifth pandemic wave using a network analysis approach. Methods A Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator-regularized partial correlation network using Gaussian graphical model was constructed in 1,395 Chinese university/college students in Hong Kong who completed a survey between 15 March and 3 April, 2022. Depressive, anxiety, and acute/traumatic stress symptoms were measured by Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, and Impact of Event Scale-6, respectively. COVID-19-related stressors and perceived social support were measured. Network differences by COVID-19 infection history (COVID-network vs. no_COVID-network) and network communities were examined. Results Our results showed that the most influential nodes were depressed mood, uncontrollable worries, and uncontrollable thoughts about COVID-19. The main bridging symptoms were concentration problems and psychomotor problems. The COVID-network, comprising participants with a history of COVID-19 infection only, was significantly stronger than the no_COVID-network. Perceived social support and stress from conflicts with family/friends formed a unique community with negative cognition and suicidal idea in the COVID-network only. Conclusion Our findings indicate that specific interventions targeting interpersonal conflicts and concentration problems as well as facilitating stress buffering effects of social support may represent effective strategies to reduce psychological distress in university/college students during COVID-19 and should be considered for future pandemic preparedness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Kei Krystal Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing (LKS) Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kwun Nam Joe Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing (LKS) Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Sau Man Corine Wong
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hou Sem Gabbie Wong
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing (LKS) Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hiu Ching Janet Lei
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing (LKS) Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yuen Kiu So
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing (LKS) Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shi Cheng Vivian Fung
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing (LKS) Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Sai Ting Ryan Chu
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing (LKS) Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kar Kin Albert Chung
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing (LKS) Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Pak Wing Calvin Cheng
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing (LKS) Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ka Ying Heidi Lo
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing (LKS) Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wai Chi Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing (LKS) Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wing Chung Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing (LKS) Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Seiffer B, Rösel I, Welkerling J, Schuch FB, Sudeck G, Wolf S. The association of changes in leisure-time physical activity on depressive symptoms during Covid-19 in German adults: A longitudinal study. PSYCHOLOGY OF SPORT AND EXERCISE 2024; 70:102562. [PMID: 37956817 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2023.102562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
This longitudinal survey assessed preventive and curative antidepressant effects of at least 75 min/week of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) at different timepoints of the Covid-19 pandemic. We further investigated if high self-regulation skills were associated with higher odds of initiating or maintaining LTPA during the pandemic. Data was collected online from 4253 participants (age: m = 33.65 years, SD = 0.79; 79 % female) during the first quarantine measures in Germany (T1), as well as 4 weeks (T2), and 8 months (T3) later. We performed linear mixed models with changes (T2-T1, T3-T1) in LTPA and baseline major depressive disorder (MDD) as predictors (main effects and interaction effect) and depressive symptoms (at T2, T3) as the primary outcome. We found significant interaction effects of baseline depression and change in LTPA on depressive symptoms at T2 and T3 (p < 0.001). For probable cases of MDD an increasing LTPA to ≥75 min/week (vs. no change, <75 min/week) was associated with less depressive symptoms at T2 and T3 (p = 0.003, d = 0.28). For absence of depression at baseline, remaining at ≥75 min/week of LTPA was associated with less depressive symptoms at T2 and T3 compared to remaining at <75 min/week (p = 0.006, d = 0.11) or decreasing LTPA to <75 min/week (p = 0.018, d = 0.11). Reporting high self-regulation at T1 was associated with higher odds of performing ≥75 min/week of LTPA at T2/T3 (OR = 1.74, p < 0.001). In general, studies report reduced LTPA during Covid-19. To benefit from the reported preventive and interventional effects, further interventions should focus on improving physical activity related self-regulation to identify and overcome barriers for LTPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britta Seiffer
- Institute of Sports Science, University of Tuebingen, 72074, Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - Inka Rösel
- Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Applied Biometry, University Hospital Tuebingen, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany; Institute for General Practice and Interprofessional Care, University Hospital Tuebingen, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Jana Welkerling
- Institute of Sports Science, University of Tuebingen, 72074, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Felipe Barreto Schuch
- Department of Sports Methods and Techniques, Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900, Santa Maria, Brazil; Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Institue of Health Sciences, Universidad Autônoma de Chile, Providência, Chile
| | - Gorden Sudeck
- Institute of Sports Science, University of Tuebingen, 72074, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Wolf
- Institute of Sports Science, University of Tuebingen, 72074, Tuebingen, Germany
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Lu Y, Zhou Y, Li Y, Cao J, Zhao W, Hu Y, Wang J, Zhu H, Xu Z. Mental health during the omicron pandemic: A comparison between medical staff and non-medical staff. J Affect Disord 2023; 340:221-227. [PMID: 37541598 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A considerable number of people suffered from mental disorders due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). As the virus mutated, the effect of COVID-19 changed. This study intends to compare the mental health between the medical staff and non-medical staff during the Omicron pandemic, and to analyze the relevant risk factors. METHODS The cross-sectional study was conducted by a set of online questionnaires, 1246 medical staff and 1246 non-medical staff were selected after a 1:1 propensity score matching. The questionnaires included the demographic characteristics, the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS), the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), the Insomnia Severity Index Scale (ISI), and the Psychological Resilience Scale(CD-RISC). RESULTS Compared with medical staff, non-medical staff scored higher on CAS and CES-D (both P < 0.001). Non-medical staff had higher prevalence of anxiety (55.0 % versus 47.3 %; adjusted OR = 1.45, 95 % CI = 1.23-1.70), depression (62.4 % versus 53.4 %; adjusted OR = 1.46, 95 % CI = 1.23-1.73) and insomnia (46.5 % versus 43.4 %; adjusted OR = 1.21, 95 % CI = 1.02-1.43). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that being female, being younger than 40 years, having an annual income of <50,000 yuan, paying attention to omicron, in the course of an infection and below bachelor degree influenced anxiety, depression and insomnia of the medical staff and non-medical staff to different degree. LIMITATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS This study only collected data through the network. Therefore, the validity was reduced to some extent. The outbreak of the Omicron epidemic posed a significant challenge to public mental health, with non-medical staff at the highest risk for mental health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyu Lu
- Department of Applied Psychology, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yuliang Zhou
- Department of Neuropsychology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yahong Li
- Department of Applied Psychology, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Jing Cao
- Department of Neuropsychology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wenyan Zhao
- Department of Neuropsychology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yingying Hu
- Department of Neuropsychology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Neuropsychology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Department of Neuropsychology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhipeng Xu
- Department of Neuropsychology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Zhu J, Zaninotto P, Di Gessa G. Pre-pandemic trajectories of depressive symptomatology and their relation to depression during the COVID-19 pandemic: longitudinal study of English older people. BJPsych Open 2023; 9:e195. [PMID: 37861056 PMCID: PMC10594224 DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2023.586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the COVID-19 pandemic has affected depression, evidence of the role of pre-pandemic history of depression remains limited. AIMS We investigated how long-term trajectories of depressive symptomatology before the COVID-19 pandemic were related to depression during the pandemic, over and above the latest pre-pandemic depression status. Furthermore, we examined whether those experiencing depression closer to the pandemic were at higher risk during the pandemic. METHOD Employing data from waves 4-9 of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (2008-2009 to 2018-2019), we used group-based trajectory modelling on 3925 English older adults aged 50+ years to identify distinctive trajectories of elevated depressive symptoms (EDS). Fully adjusted logistic models were then used to examine the associations between trajectories and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic (June-July and November-December 2020). RESULTS We identified four classes of pre-pandemic trajectories of EDS. About 5% were classed as 'enduring EDS', 8% as 'increasing EDS', 10% as 'decreasing EDS' and 77% as 'absence of EDS'. Compared with respondents with absence of EDS, those with EDS history were more likely to have depression during the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly those with enduring or increasing EDS in the previous 10 years. Moreover, the frequency of EDS was more crucial in predicting the risks of depression during the pandemic than the timing of the latest episode. CONCLUSIONS Trajectories of depressive symptomatology are an important risk factor for older adults' mental health, particularly in the context of crisis. Older people with enduring or increasing EDS should receive particular attention from policy makers when provisioning post-pandemic well-being support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingmin Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Paola Zaninotto
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Giorgio Di Gessa
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
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Rodriguez-Jimenez R, García-Fernández L, Baón-Pérez B, Ansede-Cascudo JC, Arroba CMA, Sendra-Gutierrez JM, Romero-Ferreiro V, Sánchez-Cabezudo Á, Alvarez-Mon MA, Navío-Acosta M. Hospital admissions due to suicide attempts during the COVID-19 pandemic, a 3-year longitudinal study. Psychiatry Res 2023; 327:115346. [PMID: 37523887 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
The appearance of the SARS CoV-2 virus and the associated COVID-19 pandemic has been associated with the onset of mental disorders in healthy people and the worsening in those with pre-existing mental conditions. One of the areas that has raised the greatest concern is that of suicidality. Most of the published studies have been carried out cross-sectional or with small samples, without stratifying by age and gender. Thus, the aim of this longitudinal research is to study, in a large population sample of around 6,700,000 inhabitants belonging to the entire region of Madrid (Spain), the admissions in psychiatric hospitalization units due to suicidal attempts along 2019, 2020 and 2021. No clear increase in the number of admissions due to suicidality in the total population have been found. In addition, a higher prevalence in admissions among women is verified. Moreover, stratifying by age and gender, a striking and significant increase in hospital admissions due to suicidality has been observed in the group up to 17 years old, from September 2020 until the end of the study. These results highlight the special vulnerability of children and adolescents, specifically girls, and the need for preventive measures in the face of future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Rodriguez-Jimenez
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación 12 de Octubre (imas12), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain; CIBERSAM-ISCIII (Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Mental Health), Spain
| | - Lorena García-Fernández
- CIBERSAM-ISCIII (Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Mental Health), Spain; Departamento de Medicina Clínica, Universidad Miguel Hernández, San Juan, Alicante, Spain; Servicio de Psiquiatría, Hospital Universitario de San Juan, San Juan, Alicante, Spain.
| | - Beatriz Baón-Pérez
- Oficina Regional de Coordinación de Salud Mental y Adicciones, Servicio Madrileño de Salud, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Ansede-Cascudo
- Oficina Regional de Coordinación de Salud Mental y Adicciones, Servicio Madrileño de Salud, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Verónica Romero-Ferreiro
- Instituto de Investigación 12 de Octubre (imas12), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain; CIBERSAM-ISCIII (Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Mental Health), Spain; Departmento de Psicología, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángeles Sánchez-Cabezudo
- Instituto de Investigación 12 de Octubre (imas12), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A Alvarez-Mon
- Departmento de Medicina y Especialidades Médicas, Universidad de Alcala, Alcala de Henares, Madrid 28801, Spain; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de INvestigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid 28034, Spain; Departmento de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Navío-Acosta
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación 12 de Octubre (imas12), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain; CIBERSAM-ISCIII (Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Mental Health), Spain; Oficina Regional de Coordinación de Salud Mental y Adicciones, Servicio Madrileño de Salud, Madrid, Spain
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Ting A, McLachlan C. Dr. Smartphone, can you support my trauma? An informatics analysis study of App Store apps for trauma- and stressor-related disorders. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15366. [PMID: 37187512 PMCID: PMC10178213 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Psychological trauma is prevalent in developed countries, with prevalence rates and treatment needs exceeding health system capacity. As telemedicine and out-of-patient care are promoted, there has been an expansion of digital apps to compliment therapeutic stages in psychological trauma. To date there are no reviews that have compared these apps and their clinical utility. This study aims to identify the availability of trauma- and stressor-related mhealth apps, assess their functionality, and review their therapeutic abilities. Methodology The authors conducted a systematic search using an iPhone 13 Pro in the Australian IOS App Store to extract trauma- and stressor-related apps that resulted from the search criteria. A cross-adaptation of the Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS) and the Comprehensive App Evaluation Model (CAEM) were used as a framework to produce the mTrauma App Evaluation Conceptual Model and Informatics Framework. App content descriptors were analysed based on their general characteristics, usability, therapeutic focus, clinical utility, data integration. Following an applicability in concordance with psychological trauma-informed delivery. Results A total of 234 apps resulting from the search strategy were screened, with 81 apps that met the inclusion criteria. The majority of apps were marketed to 4+ to 17+ years of age, categorised as 'health and fitness', with the highest target markets observed for adolescents, children, parents, clinicians, and clients. A total of 43 apps (53.1%) contained a trauma-informed specified section, and 37 (45.7%) incorporated a section useful to support trauma-related symptoms. A significant number of apps there was an absence of therapeutic utility (in 32 apps (39.5%)). Most apps were supporting post-traumatic stress disorder-informed, cognitive behavioural therapy and eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing. Provision of psychoeducation, courses, guided sessions, trainings, self-reflection/journaling, symptom management and progress tracking were highly present. Conclusions Trauma-informed mobile apps are available in the App Store, expanding in its target market reach and usability, with an increase of creative psychotherapies being introduced alongside conventional modalities. However, based on the app descriptors, the scarcity of evidenced-based testimonials and therapeutic applicability remains questionable for clinical validity. Although mhealth tools are marketed as trauma-related, current available apps employ a multifunctional approach to general psychological symptomatology, through to associated comorbid conditions and emphasizes on passive activity. For higher uptake on user engagement, clinical application and validity, trauma-apps require curated specification to fulfil its role as complimentary psychological treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Ting
- Centre for Healthy Futures, Torrens University Australia, Surry Hills, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Craig McLachlan
- Centre for Healthy Futures, Torrens University Australia, Surry Hills, New South Wales, Australia
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Johnston MP, Wanat MJ. Mitigating the impact of adolescence isolation on the development of social anxiety: A potential role for oxytocin. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 16:1038236. [PMID: 36311867 PMCID: PMC9608628 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.1038236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to isolation can lead to the development of social anxiety disorder (SAD), which affects 13% of Americans. There are sex differences in the prevalence of anxiety disorders, as women experience higher rates of SAD relative to men. Importantly, isolation experienced during adolescence increases the likelihood of developing SAD in adulthood. Unfortunately, the current treatments for SAD are only effective in 50–65% of patients. As such, it is critical to identify therapeutic targets for the treatment and prevention of SAD, particularly in women. Here, we discuss the links between childhood isolation and adulthood SAD. Next, we examine the preclinical models used to study the impact of isolation on social anxiety-like behaviors in rodents. Increasing evidence from both clinical and pre-clinical studies suggests oxytocin signaling is a potential target to modify social anxiety-like behaviors. We present the evidence that sex hormones influence the oxytocin system. Finally, we highlight future directions for both clinical and pre-clinical studies to further evaluate the efficacy of oxytocin as a treatment for isolation-induced SAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan P Johnston
- Department of Neuroscience, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology, Neurosciences Institute, Brain Health Consortium, University of Texas San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Matthew J Wanat
- Department of Neuroscience, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology, Neurosciences Institute, Brain Health Consortium, University of Texas San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
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