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Yu C, Yang J. Removal of Cr(vi) in wastewater by Fe-Mn oxide loaded sludge biochar. RSC Adv 2024; 14:11746-11757. [PMID: 38617574 PMCID: PMC11009720 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra00169a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Sludge biochar loaded with Fe-Mn oxides (FMBC) was prepared and employed to remove Cr(vi) from wastewater. The influences of solution pH, co-existing ion, contact time, adsorption temperature and Cd(vi) concentrations on removing Cr(vi) by FMBC were investigated. The Cr(vi) adsorption on FMBC had strong pH dependence. Additionally, Na+, Mg2+, Ca2+, SiO32-, NO3- and Cl- ions exhibited no influence on Cr(vi) removal efficiency for FMBC, whereas there were inhibition effects of Pb2+, Cu2+, Ni2+, CO32-, SO42-, and PO43- on removing Cr(vi). The Cr(vi) adsorption from solution for FMBC was well described by models of pseudo-second-order and Langmuir, and the largest Cr(vi) removal capacity of FMBC reached 172.3 mg g-1. FMBC had good capacity for treating electroplating wastewater and mineral dissolving wastewater containing Cr(vi). After five regenerations, the 50 and 5 mg L-1 Cr(vi) removing efficiency of FMBC was 82.34% and 97.68%, respectively. The Cr(vi) removal for FMBC involved adsorption-reduction and re-adsorption of Cr(iii) generated by reduction. These results indicated that FMBC has good prospects for remediating Cr(vi)-containing wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyang Yu
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China
- Sichuan-Tibet Railway Co., Ltd Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Jinyan Yang
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China
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2
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Dad FP, Khan WUD, Sharif F, Nizami AS. Adsorption of trace heavy metals through organic compounds enriched biochar using isotherm adsorption and kinetic models. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 241:117702. [PMID: 37980985 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Trace heavy metals such as copper and nickel, when exceeds a certain level, cause detrimental effects on the ecosystem. The current study examined the potential of organic compounds enriched rice husk biochar (OCEB's) to remove the trace heavy metals from an aqueous solution in four steps. In 1st step, biochar' physical and chemical properties were analyzed through scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). In the 2nd step, two biochar vis-a-vis glycine, alanine enriched biochar (GBC, ABC) was selected based on their adsorption capacity of four different metals Cr, Cu, Ni and Pb (chromium, copper, nickel, and lead). These two adsorbents (GBC, ABC) were further used to evaluate the best interaction of biochar for metal immobilization based on varying concentrations and times. Langmuir isotherm model suggested that the adsorption of Ni and Cu on the adsorbent surface supported the monolayer sorption. The qmax value of GBC for Cu removal increased by 90% compared to SBC (Simple rice husk biochar). The interaction of Cu and Ni with GBC and ABC was chemical, and 10 different time intervals were studied using pseud first and second-order kinetics models. The current study has supported the pseudo second-order kinetic model, which exhibited that the sorption of Ni and Cu occurred due to the chemical processes. The % removal efficiency with GBC was enhanced by 21% and 30% for Cu and Ni, respectively compared to the SBC. It was also noticed that GBC was 21% more efficient for % removal efficiency than the CBC. The study's findings supported that organic compound enriched rice husk biochar (GBC and ABC) is better than SBC for immobilizing the trace heavy metals from an aqueous solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiza Pir Dad
- Sustainable Development Study Centre, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Waqas-Ud-Din Khan
- Sustainable Development Study Centre, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan; Department of Agriculture, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan; Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Australia.
| | - Faiza Sharif
- Sustainable Development Study Centre, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Sattar Nizami
- Sustainable Development Study Centre, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
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Yu C, Liao Y. Removal of Cr(VI) ions from wastewater by Fe 3O 4-loaded porous sludge biochar. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2023; 88:947-960. [PMID: 37651331 PMCID: wst_2023_244 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2023.244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
In this work, porous sludge biochar (PSBC) was prepared by molten salt-assisted pyrolysis of municipal sludge, and PSBC loaded with Fe3O4 (Fe3O4@PSBC) was synthesized by chemical precipitation. The effects of pH (2.0-10.0), sorbent dosage (0.1-2 g/L), coexisting ions (Ca2+, Mg2+, Cu2+, Pb2+, Cl-, SiO32-, NO3-, CO32-, SO42-, and PO43-), adsorption temperature (288, 298, and 308 K), initial Cr(VI) ion concentrations (50-150 mg/L), and adsorption time (5-300 min) on the removal of Cr(VI) ions by the sorbent were investigated. The mechanism of the removal of Cr(VI) ions was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The result showed that the removal of Cr(VI) ions on PSBC and Fe3O4@PSBC had a strong dependence on the pH of solution. The maximum adsorption capacity of Cr(VI) ions by PSBC and Fe3O4@PSBC was 162 and 209 mg/g, respectively, at a dosage of 0.4 g/L, pH of 3, and temperature of 298 K. The removal process of Cr(VI) ions could be fitted by the Langmuir isotherm model and pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The breakthrough curves were in good agreement with the theoretical values of the Thomas model. The mechanism of the removal of Cr(VI) ions by Fe3O4@PSBC mainly contain complexation, reduction, and electrostatic interaction. This work proposes a new removal material for Cr(VI)-containing wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyang Yu
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Sichuan-Tibet Railway Co., Ltd, Chengdu 610041, China E-mail:
| | - Yuliang Liao
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Zhang WX, Chen X, Xiao GS, Liang JY, Kong LJ, Yao XW, Diao ZH. A novel pigeon waste based biochar composite for the removal of heavy metal and organic compound: Performance, products and mechanism. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2023.131277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
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5
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Adsorptive Features of Magnetic Activated Carbons Prepared by a One-Step Process towards Brilliant Blue Dye. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041821. [PMID: 36838808 PMCID: PMC9965938 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Water pollution by dyes has been a major environmental problem to be tackled, and magnetic adsorbents appear as promising alternatives to solve it. Herein, magnetic activated carbons were prepared by the single-step method from Sapelli wood sawdust, properly characterized, and applied as adsorbents for brilliant blue dye removal. In particular, two magnetic activated carbons, MAC1105 and MAC111, were prepared using the proportion of biomass KOH of 1:1 and varying the proportion of NiCl2 of 0.5 and 1. The characterization results demonstrated that the different proportions of NiCl2 mainly influenced the textural characteristics of the adsorbents. An increase in the surface area from 260.0 to 331.5 m2 g-1 and in the total pore volume from 0.075 to 0.095 cm3 g-1 was observed with the weight ratio of NiCl2. Both adsorbents exhibit ferromagnetic properties and the presence of nanostructured Ni particles. The different properties of the materials influenced the adsorption kinetics and equilibrium of brilliant blue dye. MAC111 showed faster kinetics, reaching the equilibrium in around 10 min, while for MAC1105, it took 60 min for the equilibrium to be reached. In addition, based on the Sips isotherm, the maximum adsorption capacity was 98.12 mg g-1 for MAC111, while for MAC1105, it was 60.73 mg g-1. Furthermore, MAC111 presented the potential to be reused in more adsorption cycles than MAC1105, and the use of the adsorbents in the treatment of a simulated effluent exhibited high effectiveness, with removal efficiencies of up to 90%.
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da Silva MC, Schnorr C, Lütke SF, Knani S, Nascimento VX, Lima ÉC, Thue PS, Vieillard J, Silva LF, Dotto GL. KOH activated carbons from Brazil nut shell: Preparation, characterization, and their application in phenol adsorption. Chem Eng Res Des 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2022.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Huang X, Niu X, Zhang D, Li X, Li H, Wang Z, Lin Z, Fu M. Fate and mechanistic insights into nanoscale zerovalent iron (nZVI) activation of sludge derived biochar reacted with Cr(VI). JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 319:115771. [PMID: 35982569 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
While nanoscale zero-valent iron modified biochar (nZVI-BC) have been widely investigated for the removal of heavy metals, the corrosion products of nZVI and their interaction with heavy metals have not been revealed yet. In this paper, nZVI-BC was synthesized and applied for the removal of Cr(VI). Batch experiments indicated that the adsorption of Cr(VI) fit Langmuir isotherm, with the maximum removal capacity at 172.4 mg/g at pH 2.0. SEM-EDS, BET, XRD, FT-IR, Raman and XPS investigation suggested that reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) was the major removal mechanism. pH played an important role on the corrosion of nZVI-BC, at pH 4.5 and 2.0, FeOOH and Fe3O4 were detected as the major iron oxide, respectively. Therefore, FeOOH-BC and Fe3O4-BC were further prepared and their interaction with Cr were studied. Combining with DFT calculations, it revealed that Fe3O4 has higher adsorption capacity and was responsible for the effective removal of Cr(VI) through electrostatic attraction and reduction under acidic conditions. However, Fe3O4 will continue to convert to the more stable FeOOH, which is the key to for the subsequent stabilization of the reduced Cr(III). The results showed that the oxide corrosion products of nZVI-BC were subjected to the environment, which will eventually affect the fate and transport of the adsorbed heavy metal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyin Huang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, 525000, PR China
| | - Xiaojun Niu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, 525000, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Dongqing Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, 525000, PR China.
| | - Xiaoqin Li
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; School of Environment and Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China.
| | - Haoshen Li
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Ziyuan Wang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Zhang Lin
- Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China
| | - Mingli Fu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
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Cheng X, He S, Zhang X, Zhou S, Yi S. Enhanced degradation of quinoline in near-neutral pH aqueous solution by magnetically recoverable biochar: Performance, mechanism and variables effects. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2022.104447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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9
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Sinha R, Kumar R, Sharma P, Kant N, Shang J, Aminabhavi TM. Removal of hexavalent chromium via biochar-based adsorbents: State-of-the-art, challenges, and future perspectives. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 317:115356. [PMID: 35623129 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Chromium originates from geogenic and extensive anthropogenic activities and significantly impacts natural ecosystems and human health. Various methods have been applied to remove hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) from aquatic environmental matrices, including adsorption via different adsorbents, which is considered to be the most common and low-cost approach. Biochar materials have been recognized as renewable carbon sorbents, pyrolyzed from various biomass at different temperatures under limited/no oxygen conditions for heavy metals remediation. This review summarizes the sources, chemical speciation & toxicity of Cr(VI) ions, and raw and modified biochar applications for Cr(VI) remediation from various contaminated matrices. Mechanistic understanding of Cr(VI) adsorption using different biochar-based materials through batch and saturated column adsorption experiments is documented. Electrostatic interaction and ion exchange dominate the Cr(VI) adsorption onto the biochar materials in acidic pH media. Cr(VI) ions tend to break down as HCrO4-, CrO42-, and Cr2O72- ions in aqueous solutions. At low pH (∼1-4), the availability of HCrO4- ions attributes the electrostatic forces of attraction due to the available functional groups such as -NH4+, -COOH, and -OH2+, which encourages higher adsorption of Cr(VI). Equilibrium isotherm, kinetic, and thermodynamic models help to understand Cr(VI)-biochar interactions and their adsorption mechanism. The adsorption studies of Cr(VI) are summarized through the fixed-bed saturated column experiments and Cr-contaminated real groundwater analysis using biochar-based sorbents for practical applicability. This review highlights the significant challenges in biochar-based material applications as green, renewable, and cost-effective adsorbents for the remediation of Cr(VI). Further recommendations and future scope for the implications of advanced novel biochar materials for Cr(VI) removal and other heavy metals are elegantly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rama Sinha
- School of Ecology and Environment Studies, Nalanda University, Rajgir, Bihar, 803 116, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- School of Ecology and Environment Studies, Nalanda University, Rajgir, Bihar, 803 116, India
| | - Prabhakar Sharma
- School of Ecology and Environment Studies, Nalanda University, Rajgir, Bihar, 803 116, India.
| | - Nishi Kant
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, 826 004, Jharkhand, India
| | - Jianying Shang
- Department of Soil and Water Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Tejraj M Aminabhavi
- School of Advanced Sciences, KLE Technological University, Hubballi, 580 031, India; School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Bidholi, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248 007, India; Department of Chemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad, 580 003, India.
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10
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Frescura LM, de Menezes BB, Lütke SF, Funari Junior RA, Dotto GL, da Rosa MB. Reviewing variables and their implications affecting adsorption of Cr(VI) onto activated carbon: an in-depth statistical case study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:49832-49849. [PMID: 35218491 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19169-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Removal of Cr(VI) from the aqueous phase using numerous activated carbons (AC) has been broadly studied in the last decades. Nevertheless, the diversity of activation methods, AC properties, and adsorption conditions precludes the standardization of specific characteristics required to achieve better adsorption results. This work reviewed the pertinent literature on Cr(VI) adsorption onto AC published over the past four decades. Pearson's correlation matrix and principal component analysis (PCA) assisted in identifying the parameters and AC characteristics that have the greatest influence on the maximum adsorption capacity (qm). Two hundred thirty-six adsorption assays were found reporting data on 110 ACs and different parameters. Of these, 39.8% of the studies contemplated the variables qm, pH, temperature (T), surface area (SBET), micropore volume (Vmicro), and mesopore volume (Vmeso), and only 19.5% reported the point of zero charge (pHPZC). Statistical analysis disclosed that SBET and Vmicro have a strong positive correlation with qm, while Vmeso, T, and pH show little or no correlation. The difference between pH and pHPZC (PZCdiff) indicated a significant anticorrelation with qm, thus evidencing that lower PZCdiff values enhance adsorption. The findings are useful for all researchers that work with Cr(VI) adsorption on AC since they provide a start point concerning the required adsorbent characteristics and process conditions to be employed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Mironuk Frescura
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, Av. Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Bryan Brummelhaus de Menezes
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, Av. Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Frantz Lütke
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, Av. Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo Antunes Funari Junior
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, Av. Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Luiz Dotto
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, Av. Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Barcellos da Rosa
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, Av. Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
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11
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Nirenjan Shenoy PN, Arjun NM, Senthil Kumar P, Sree Hari AB, Nithya K, Asha Sathish P. Recycled mesoporous magnetic composites with high surface area derived from plastic and de-oiled sludge wastes: An empirical comparison on their competitive performance for toxic Cr (VI) removal. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 292:133375. [PMID: 34952015 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The current study focused on the comparative removal of hexavalent chromium using two magnetically modified hybrid adsorbent composites. Their precursor chars were prepared from bio sludge and plastic waste derivatives. The coating of magnetite on the chars' surface was evident from the SEM micrographs. Infusion of magnetite nanoparticles in the native chars aided in the reduction of the composite particles' sizes, thus, forming high surface area composites. Screening of uptake capacities among various blends of char and magnetite were surveyed. Composites of both kinds with a 1:5 ratio of char: iron salts composition answered well. The pHZPC and zeta potential values of the composites indicated the neutral charge on the composites' surface. This suggested the need for a highly acidic environment for efficient Cr(VI) removal. Optimum economic conditions for Cr(VI) removal were obtained from the batch studies (solution pH - 1.5; contact time - (a) MPC [magnetic plastic char] - 60 min (b) MBC [magnetic biochar] - 40 min; temperature - 25 °C). The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of MPC and MBC were found to be 84.67 mg/g and 53.83 mg/g respectively. Isotherm, kinetic and thermodynamic studies revealed the adsorption systems' inclination towards physisorption. From the characterization and modeling results, electrostatic force of attraction and pore filling was anticipated to be the mechanism of adsorption for both MPC and MBC. Thus, in the relative removal studies, MBC was found to compete better than MPC due to its enhanced porosity and surface area.
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Affiliation(s)
- P N Nirenjan Shenoy
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore, India
| | - N M Arjun
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore, India
| | - P Senthil Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai, 603110, India; Centre of Excellence in Water Research (CEWAR), Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai, 603110, India.
| | - A B Sree Hari
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore, India
| | - K Nithya
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore, India; Center of Excellence in Advanced Materials & Green Technologies (CoE-AMGT), Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore, India.
| | - P Asha Sathish
- Department of Sciences, Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore, India
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12
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Gillingham MD, Gomes RL, Ferrari R, West HM. Sorption, separation and recycling of ammonium in agricultural soils: A viable application for magnetic biochar? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 812:151440. [PMID: 34742971 PMCID: PMC8811483 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Recent research on the magnetisation of biochar, a carbon-based material that can be used as a sorbent, has opened novel opportunities in the field of environmental remediation, as incorporating magnetic particles into biochar can simplify subsequent separation. This could offer a sustainable circular economy-based solution in two areas of waste management; firstly, pyrolysis of agricultural waste for magnetic biochar synthesis could reduce greenhouse gas emissions derived from traditional agricultural waste processing, such as landfill and incineration, while secondly, application of magnetic biochar to remove excess nitrogen from soils (made possible through magnetic separation) could provide opportunities for this pollutant to be used as a recycled fertiliser. While sorption of pollutants by magnetic biochar has been researched in wastewater, few studies have investigated magnetic biochar use in polluted soils. Nitrogen pollution (e.g. NH4+), stemming from agricultural fertiliser management, is a major environmental and economic issue that could be significantly reduced before losses from soils occur. This review demonstrates that the use of magnetic biochar tailored to NH4+ adsorption has potential to remove (and recycle for reuse) excess nitrogen from soils. Analysis of research into recovery of NH4+ by sorption/desorption, biochar magnetisation and biochar-soil interactions, suggests that this is a promising application, but a more cohesive, interdisciplinary approach is called for to elucidate its feasibility. Furthermore, research shows variable impacts of biochar upon soil chemistry and biology, such as pH and microbial diversity. Considering wide concerns surrounding global biodiversity depletion, a more comprehensive understanding of biochar-soil dynamics is required to protect and support soil ecosystems. Finally, addressing research gaps, such as optimisation and scaling-up of magnetic biochar synthesis, would benefit from systems thinking approaches, ensuring the many complex considerations across science, industry, policy and economics are connected by circular-economy principles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max D Gillingham
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
| | - Rachel L Gomes
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Ferrari
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Helen M West
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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13
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Yang F, Jiang Y, Dai M, Hou X, Peng C. Active biochar-supported iron oxides for Cr(VI) removal from groundwater: Kinetics, stability and the key role of FeO in electron-transfer mechanism. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 424:127542. [PMID: 34740162 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr), especially in forms of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) remains a serious threat to public health and environmental safety for its high toxicity. Herein, two types of iron-modification methods adopting co-pyrolysis and surface-deposition respectively were carried out to prepare active Fe-biochar composites (FeBC) for Cr(VI) removal in the simulated groundwater environment. The systematic characterization demonstrated that larger BET surface area and diversified iron oxides of FeBC-1 obtained from the co-pyrolysis method contributed to higher adsorption and reduction activity towards Cr(VI) degradation in comparison with FeBC-2 produced from surface-deposition method. Further, FeO was evidenced to be a main active component for transforming Cr(VI) to lower-toxicity Cr(III) uniting XRD and XPS analysis. Also, the designed batch experiments aiming at deeper clarifying FeBC-1 revealed that the pseudo-second-order kinetic and intra-particle diffusion model could well describe the Cr(VI) sorption behaviors, suggesting that a single-layer, chemical adsorption process as well as internal particle diffusion both controlled the removal process of Cr(VI) using FeBC-1. Finally, the stability experiments stated that FeBC-1 was basically stable at acidic and neutral conditions. Thus, it was found that co-pyrolysis of FeBC-1 is a potential technology for Cr(VI) remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yang
- Key Lab of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Yating Jiang
- Key Lab of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Min Dai
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing 526061, China
| | - Xiaoting Hou
- Key Lab of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Changsheng Peng
- Key Lab of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing 526061, China.
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Kumar A, Singh E, Mishra R, Kumar S. Biochar as environmental armour and its diverse role towards protecting soil, water and air. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:150444. [PMID: 34571227 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Biochar has been of considerable importance for various environmental applications in recent years. It has exhibited substantial advantages like favourable structural and surface properties, easy process of preparation and widely available feedstocks. These set of exceptional properties make it an efficient, cost-effective and environment friendly source for diversified elimination of pollutants. The heterogeneity of physico-chemical properties offers a possibility for biochar to optimize its efficacy for targeted applications. This review aims to highlight the critical role that biochar plays in various environmental applications, be it in soil, water or air. In particular the article offers a comprehensive review of the recent research findings and updates related to the diversified role of biochar. Also, the interaction of pollutants with biochar functional groups and the impact of variation of parameters on biochar attribute relevant to specific pollutant removal, modifications, mechanisms involved and competence for such removal has been discussed. Different technologies for production of biochar have also been summarized with an emphasis on post treatment of biochar, such as modification and doping. In addition to this, the underlying gaps in the studies carried out so far and recommendations for future research areas in biochar have also been deliberated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aman Kumar
- CSIR-National Environmental and Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nagpur 440 020, India
| | - Ekta Singh
- CSIR-National Environmental and Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nagpur 440 020, India
| | - Rahul Mishra
- CSIR-National Environmental and Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nagpur 440 020, India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- United Nations University, Institute for Integrated Management of Material Fluxes and of Resources (UNUFLORES) Ammonstrasse 74, 01067, Dresden, Germany.
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15
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Adsorption mechanisms of single and simultaneous removal of pharmaceutical compounds onto activated carbon: Isotherm and thermodynamic modeling. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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16
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Pi SY, Wang Y, Pu C, Mao X, Liu GL, Wu HM, Liu H. Cr(VI) reduction coupled with Cr(III) adsorption/ precipitation for Cr(VI) removal at near neutral pHs by polyaniline nanowires-coated polypropylene filters. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2021.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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17
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Khan A, Huo Y, Qu Z, Liu Y, Wang Z, Chen Y, Huo M. A facile calcination conversion of groundwater treatment sludge (GTS) as magnetic adsorbent for oxytetracycline adsorption. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5276. [PMID: 33674650 PMCID: PMC7935931 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84231-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, groundwater treatment sludge (GTS) was recycled as a magnetic adsorbent via a facile calcination process without adding any reductant. The prepared magnetic adsorbents (MAs) were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), vibrating sample magnenometer (VSM) and Mössbauer spectroscopy. The results showed that GTS comprised 33.2% Fe, 1.4% Al and 6.2% Si, and exhibited a weak saturation magnetization of 0.0008 emu/g. Without NaOH, the GTS calcinated at 700 and 500 °C were well magnetized with Ms of 20.1 and 7.1 emu/g, separately, but exhibited a low Ms of 0.43 emu/g at 300 °C. By adding NaOH powder, the Ms of GTS apparently increased to 4.9 emu/g after calcination at 300 °C, and further to 8.5 emu/g at 500 °C. In GTS, about 96.1% Fe was involved in ferrihydrite form. The Ms of calcinated GTS was accompanied with the phase transformation of ferrihydrite to maghemite. Si/Al oxides in GTS coordinated on the surface sites of ferrihydrite and inhibited the conjunction and phase transformation of adjacent ferrihydrite particles, but were effectively desorbed as in the presence of NaOH. Na500, preparing by calcinating GTS at 500 °C with NaOH, showed an optimal total surface sites (Hs) of 0.65 mmol/g. Oxytetracycline (OTC) was used as a target for studying the adsorption characteristics of synthetic magnetic adsorbents and a high adsorption capacity of oxytetracycline of 862.1 mg/g in comparison with the other calcinated GTS, and the adsorption data was consistent with the Langmuir model. By adding 6 g/L Na-500, approximately 100% of oxytetracycline and tetracycline and nearly 40% total organic carbon were removed from real pharmaceutical wastewater. With the method, GTS can be converted in mass production to magnetic adsorbent that exhibits effective application in pharmaceutical wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asghar Khan
- Science and Technology Innovation Center for Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Water Quality Protection, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Cycling and Pollution Control, School of the Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yang Huo
- Science and Technology Innovation Center for Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Water Quality Protection, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, China.
| | - Zhan Qu
- Science and Technology Innovation Center for Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Water Quality Protection, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Yanwen Liu
- Science and Technology Innovation Center for Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Water Quality Protection, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Zhihua Wang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center for Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Water Quality Protection, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Jilin Institute of Forestry Survey and Design, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Mingxin Huo
- Science and Technology Innovation Center for Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Water Quality Protection, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, China.
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Xu S, Li J, Yin Z, Liu S, Bian S, Zhang Y. A highly efficient strategy for enhancing the adsorptive and magnetic capabilities of biochar using Fenton oxidation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 315:123797. [PMID: 32683288 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fenton modification, involving iron-promoted pyrolysis followed by H2O2 oxidation, was first employed to improve the adsorptive and magnetic capabilities of biochar. Modified biochars were prepared from rubber tree bark and coconut shell through iron-promoted pyrolysis and subsequent H2O2 oxidation, and their adsorption behaviors toward Cr (VI) and MB were evaluated in aqueous solution. The modified biochars pyrolyzed at 300 and 400 ˚C displayed much higher adsorption capabilities than corresponding pristine biochars for Cr (VI) and MB, respectively, ascribing to introduction of COOH, CO and C-O groups by Fenton oxidation. More importantly, saturation magnetization could be enhanced by transforming nonmagnetic iron oxides into γ-Fe2O3 through H2O2 oxidation. The removal of Cr (VI) and MB could be primarily contributed to the adsorption of biochar matrix by reduction/hydrogen bonding/cation exchange/electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bonding/cation exchange/electrostatic interaction, respectively. This would provide a novel and efficient strategy for making highly adsorptive magnetic biochar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Jihui Li
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China; School of Science, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China; Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chem, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 7570228, PR China.
| | - Zhibing Yin
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Sen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Siyao Bian
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Yucang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
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Guo X, Liu A, Lu J, Niu X, Jiang M, Ma Y, Liu X, Li M. Adsorption Mechanism of Hexavalent Chromium on Biochar: Kinetic, Thermodynamic, and Characterization Studies. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:27323-27331. [PMID: 33134695 PMCID: PMC7594145 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c03652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The adsorption mechanism of Cr6+ on biochar prepared from corn stalks (raw carbon) was studied by extracting the organic components (OC) and inorganic components (IC). Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to characterize the properties of three kinds of carbon. Kinetic and thermodynamic experiments were performed. The results showed that the experimental data were fitted well by the Freundlich model and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and the adsorptions on the three kinds of carbon were all spontaneous, endothermic processes. The adsorption of Cr6+ by biochar was in accordance with a chemisorption process. The adsorption contribution rate of the OC was 97%, which was much higher than that of the IC. Electrostatic attraction and redox reaction were the main mechanisms of adsorption, and among them, the contribution rate of the redox reaction accounted for 61.49%. The reduced Cr3+ could both exchange ions with K+ and dissociate into solution by electrostatic repulsion; the amount of Cr3+ released into the solution was approximately 17.07 mg/g, and the amount of Cr3+ ions exchanged with K+ was 0.29 mg/g. These results further elucidate the adsorption mechanism of Cr6+ by biochar.
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20
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Deng J, Li X, Wei X, Liu Y, Liang J, Shao Y, Huang W, Cheng X. Different adsorption behaviors and mechanisms of a novel amino-functionalized hydrothermal biochar for hexavalent chromium and pentavalent antimony. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 310:123438. [PMID: 32353770 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A novel amino-functionalized hydrothermal biochar modified with nitric acid and nicotinamide (NMSH) was prepared and applied to remove heavy metal in different systems. The study of batch adsorption found that NMSH had different adsorption behaviors for Cr(VI) and Sb(V), and different concentrations of heavy metal ions exhibited different coadsorption behaviors in mixed system. NMSH had great anti-interference ability to coexisting inorganic ion and humic substance. The maximum adsorption capacity of NMSH was 132.74 mg/g for Cr(VI), and 241.92 mg/g for Sb(V). Moreover, different interfering ions and matter had different effects on adsorption. The mechanism study found that the adsorption mechanism of NMSH involved multiple interactions, and the mechanisms were different. Some O-containing functional groups of NMSH could reduce Cr(VI) to Cr(III), but not Sb(V). NMSH had great removal efficiency and reusability performance, which suggested that NMSH had prospects for practical wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqin Deng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China.
| | - Xue Wei
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Yunguo Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China.
| | - Jie Liang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Yanan Shao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Wei Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Xiaojuan Cheng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
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21
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Li X, Wang C, Tian J, Liu J, Chen G. Comparison of adsorption properties for cadmium removal from aqueous solution by Enteromorpha prolifera biochar modified with different chemical reagents. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 186:109502. [PMID: 32361077 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Using biochar to remove heavy metals from water is environmentally beneficial. In this study, three kinds of chemical reagents, including ZnCl2, H3PO4 and KMnO4, were introduced to modify the biochar derived from Enteromorpha prolifera. The performance of these modified biochar in removing Cadmium ions (Cd(II)) from water was investigated. The physicochemical properties of activated biochars were characterized by N2-sorption, thermal gravity and differential thermal gravity (TG/DTG), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), elemental analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results showed that the removal rate of Cd(II) from water by EP biochar modified with H3PO4 was significantly increased, and the maximum adsorption capacity of Cd(II) reached to 423 mg/g for PBC. Moreover, the adsorption of Cd(II) from water by phosphoric acid modified biochar was very fast, and the saturation adsorption of Cd(II) was reached within 1 h. Compared with pseudo first-order model, pseudo secondary-order model was much more suitable for analyzing the adsorption kinetics data of Cd(II) onto KBC or ZBC. The adsorption of Cd(II) onto PBC was analyzed by the intra-particle diffusion kinetic model, where the value of R2 was high as 0.98. The Langmuir model was fit for phosphoric acid modified biochar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangping Li
- China-Australia Centre for Sustainable Urban Development, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China; Qingdao Institute for Ocean Technology of Tianjin University, Qingdao, 266235, PR China.
| | - Chuanbin Wang
- China-Australia Centre for Sustainable Urban Development, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
| | - Jingnan Tian
- China-Australia Centre for Sustainable Urban Development, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
| | - Juping Liu
- China-Australia Centre for Sustainable Urban Development, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
| | - Guanyi Chen
- China-Australia Centre for Sustainable Urban Development, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China; Qingdao Institute for Ocean Technology of Tianjin University, Qingdao, 266235, PR China; Tianjin Key Lab of Biomass/Wastes Utilization, Tianjin, 300354, PR China.
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22
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Qu Z, Dong W, Chen Y, Dong G, Zhu S, Yu Y, Bian D. Upcycling of groundwater treatment sludge to magnetic Fe/Mn-bearing nanorod for chromate adsorption from wastewater treatment. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234136. [PMID: 32520947 PMCID: PMC7286529 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Groundwater treatment sludge is a Fe/Mn-bearing waste that is mass produced in groundwater treatment plant. In this study, sludge was converted to a magnetic adsorbent (MA) by adding ascorbate. The sludge was weakly magnetised in the amorphous form with Fe and Mn contents of 28.8% and 8.1%, respectively. After hydrothermal treatment, Fe/Mn oxides in the sludge was recrystallised to siderite and rhodochrosite, with jacobsite as the intermediate in the presence of ascorbate. With an increment in ascorbate dosage, the obtained magnetic adsorbent had a significant increase in chromate adsorption but a decrease in magnetisation. When the Mascorbate/MFe molar ratio was 10, the produced MA-10 was a dumbbell-shaped nanorod with a length of 2–5 μm and a diameter of 0.5–1 μm. This MA-10 showed 183.2 mg/g of chromate adsorption capacity and 2.81 emu/g of magnetisation. The mechanism of chromate adsorption was surface coprecipitation of the generated Cr3+ and Fe3+/Mn4+ from redox reaction between chromate and siderite/rhodochrosite on MA-10, separately. This study demonstrated an efficient recycling route of waste sludge from groundwater treatment to produce MA for treating chromate-bearing wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Qu
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Wenqing Dong
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Jilin Institute of Forestry Survey and Design, Changchun, China
| | - Ge Dong
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Suiyi Zhu
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Yang Yu
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Longdong University, Qingyang, China
| | - Dejun Bian
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
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23
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Rasheed A, Ghous T, Mumtaz S, Zafar MN, Akhter K, Shabir R, Shafqat SS. Immobilization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa static biomass on eggshell powder for on-line preconcentration and determination of Cr (VI). OPEN CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2020-0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractIn the present work, a novel continuous flow system (CFS) is developed for the preconcentration and determination of Cr (VI) usingPseudomonas aeruginosastatic biomass immobilized onto an effective and low-cost solid support of powdered eggshells. A mini glass column packed with the immobilized biosorbent is incorporated in a CFS for the preconcentration and determination of Cr (VI) from aqueous solutions. The method is based on preconcentration, washing and elution steps followed by colorimetric detection with 1,5-diphenyl carbazide in sulphuric acid. The effects of several variables such as pH, retention time, flow rate, eluent concentration and loaded volume are studied. Under optimal conditions, the CFS method has a linear range between 10 and 100 μg L-1and a detection limit of 6.25 μg L-1for the determination of Cr (VI). The sampling frequency is 10 samples per hour with a preconcentration time of 5 mins. Furthermore, after washing with a 0.1 M buffer (pH 3.0), the activity of the biosorbent is regenerated and remained comparable for more than 200 cycles. Scanning electron microscopy reveals a successful immobilization of biomass on eggshells powder and precipitation of Cr (VI) on the bacterial cell surface. The proposed method proves highly sensitive and could be suitable for the determination of Cr (VI) at an ultra-trace level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aamir Rasheed
- Department of Chemistry, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kotli Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Kotli, 11100Pakistan
| | - Tahseen Ghous
- Department of Chemistry, Mirpur University of Science and Technology, Mirpur, Pakistan
| | - Sumaira Mumtaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Kalsoom Akhter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Shabir
- Department of Chemistry, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan
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Liu J, Jiang J, Meng Y, Aihemaiti A, Xu Y, Xiang H, Gao Y, Chen X. Preparation, environmental application and prospect of biochar-supported metal nanoparticles: A review. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 388:122026. [PMID: 31958612 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Biochar is a low-cost, porous, and carbon-rich material and it exhibits a great potential as an adsorbent and a supporting matrix due to its high surface activity, high specific surface area, and high ion exchange capacity. Metal nanomaterials are nanometer-sized solid particles which have high reactivity, high surface area, and high surface energy. Owing to their aggregation and passivation, metal nanomaterials will lose excellent physiochemical properties. Carbon-enriched biochar can be applied to overcome these drawbacks of metal nanomaterials. Combining the advantages of biochar and metal nanomaterials, supporting metal nanomaterials on porous and stable biochar creates a new biochar-supported metal nanoparticles (MNPs@BC). Therefore, MNPs@BC can be used to design the properties of metal nanoparticles, stabilize the anchored metal nanoparticles, and facilitate the catalytic/redox reactions at the biochar-metal interfaces, which maximizes the efficiency of biochar and metal nanoparticles in environmental application. This work detailedly reviews the synthesis methods of MNPs@BC and the effects of preparation conditions on the properties of MNPs@BC during the preparation processes. The characterization methods of MNPs@BC, the removal/remediation performance of MNPs@BC for organic contaminants, heavy metals and other inorganic contaminants in water and soil, and the effect of MNPs@BC properties on the remediation efficiency were discussed. In addition, this paper summarizes the effect of various parameters on the removal of contaminants from water, the effect of MNPs@BC remediation on soil properties, and the removal/remediation mechanisms of the contaminants by MNPs@BC in water and soil. Moreover, the potential directions for future research and development of MNPs@BC have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwei Liu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jianguo Jiang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Yuan Meng
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | | | - Yiwen Xu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Honglin Xiang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yuchen Gao
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xuejing Chen
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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25
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Yin Z, Xu S, Liu S, Xu S, Li J, Zhang Y. A novel magnetic biochar prepared by K 2FeO 4-promoted oxidative pyrolysis of pomelo peel for adsorption of hexavalent chromium. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 300:122680. [PMID: 31918292 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic biochar was usually prepared using ferrous and ferric compounds as precursor of magnetic medium. Ferrate, which could be an internal oxidative modifier, was less explored for preparing magnetic biochar. Here, a magnetic biochar was prepared through K2FeO4-promoted pyrolysis of pomelo peel for adsorption of hexavalent chromium. Oxygen-containing groups and single phase ɤ-Fe2O3 were simultaneously introduced into biochar matrix at 300 °C. The magnetic biochar exhibited 209.64 mg/g maximum adsorption capability at 45 °C, outperformed the best magnetic biochar with 142.86 mg/g maximum adsorption capability at 40 °C in the literature. Moreover, a good magnetism was obtained, facilitating separation of the magnetic biochar from aqueous solution by a magnet. The removal of hexavalent chromium was contributed to the hybrid adsorption of ɤ-Fe2O3 and biochar matrix by reduction, electrostatic interaction and complexation. This method was attractive, required neither extra modifiers nor multiple operations for preparation of highly adsorptive magnetic biochar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibing Yin
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Shuang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Sen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Shuying Xu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Jihui Li
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China; School of Science, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China; Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chem, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China.
| | - Yucang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
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Yi Y, Huang Z, Lu B, Xian J, Tsang EP, Cheng W, Fang J, Fang Z. Magnetic biochar for environmental remediation: A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 298:122468. [PMID: 31839494 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The difficulty of separating the powdered biochar from the environmental medium may lead to secondary pollution and hinder the large-scale application of biochar as an adsorbent. An effective strategy to solve this bottleneck is to introduce transition metals and their oxides into the biochar matrix, creating easily separable magnetic biochar. Magnetic biochar is also effective for the removal of pollutants from aqueous solution. This review comprises a systematic analysis of 109 papers published in recent years (From 2011 to June 2019), and summarises the synthetic methods and raw materials required for magnetic biochar preparation. The basic physicochemical properties of magnetic biochar are expounded, together with findings from relevant studies, and the application of magnetic biochar as an adsorbent or catalyst in environmental remediation are summarised. Other applications of magnetic biochar are also discussed. Finally, some constructive suggestions are given for the future direction of magnetic biochar research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunqiang Yi
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Technology Research Center for Ecological Management and Remediation of Water System, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhexi Huang
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Technology Research Center for Ecological Management and Remediation of Water System, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Baizhou Lu
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Technology Research Center for Ecological Management and Remediation of Water System, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jingyi Xian
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Technology Research Center for Ecological Management and Remediation of Water System, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Eric Pokeung Tsang
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 00852, China
| | - Wen Cheng
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Technology Research Center for Ecological Management and Remediation of Water System, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jianzhang Fang
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Technology Research Center for Ecological Management and Remediation of Water System, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhanqiang Fang
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Technology Research Center for Ecological Management and Remediation of Water System, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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27
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Yang T, Han C, Tang J, Luo Y. Removal performance and mechanisms of Cr(VI) by an in-situ self-improvement of mesoporous biochar derived from chicken bone. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:5018-5029. [PMID: 31848961 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07116-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A high-performance mesoporous biochar (MBCX) was fabricated from chicken bone via a facile and low-energy consumption pyrolysis process without any additional activators and templates. The physicochemical properties of biochar were carried out by elemental compositions, N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, FTIR, and TG. The results illustrated that lower carbonization temperature leaded to a lower specific surface area and more polar functional groups. And the meso-structure of biochar was obtained at 350 °C. Combined with the result of batch experiment, Cr(VI) adsorption capacity was decreased with the increasing in pyrolysis temperature, which suggested that the removal performance was depended on the functional groups of mesoporous biochar rather than the surface area. Kinetic analysis showed that the Cr(VI) adsorption process on MBCX was suitable for Elovich kinetic. The experimental data was well explained by Langmuir isotherm models. And the maximum adsorption capacity was 58.195 mg/g, which was higher than that of most report pristine biochars. This work not only paved a way for subsequent mesoporous biochar preparation but also demonstrated the application potentials of MBCX as an environment benign Cr(VI) adsorbent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yang
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Caiyun Han
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jie Tang
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongming Luo
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
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28
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Yin Z, Liu N, Bian S, Li J, Xu S, Zhang Y. Enhancing the adsorption capability of areca leaf biochar for methylene blue by K 2FeO 4-catalyzed oxidative pyrolysis at low temperature. RSC Adv 2019; 9:42343-42350. [PMID: 35542886 PMCID: PMC9076548 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra06592j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Catalytic oxidative pyrolysis is a promising method for the preparation of highly adsorptive biochar by introducing oxygen-containing groups. Here, a K2FeO4-catalyzed oxidative pyrolysis was described for enhancing the adsorption capability of areca leaf biochar toward methylene blue at low temperature. It was shown that the maximum adsorption capacity of the biochar pyrolyzed at 200 °C was greatly improved from 122.67 to 251.95 mg g−1 with the catalysis of K2FeO4 due to the introduction of surface oxygen-containing groups. In addition, a high adsorption capability was observed over a wide pH range for the K2FeO4-modified biochar and nearly neutral pH was obtained after adsorption, further demonstrating the great advantages of K2FeO4-catalyzed oxidative pyrolysis. Mechanistic studies revealed that the adsorption of the pristine biochar was mainly determined by hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction. Whereas, the adsorption of the K2FeO4-modified biochar was attributed to cation exchange besides hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions. A K2FeO4-catalyzed pyrolysis was developed for improving the adsorption capability of areca leaf biochar for methylene blue.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibing Yin
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University Haikou 570228 China .,Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chem, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University Haikou 570228 China
| | - Nian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University Haikou 570228 China .,Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chem, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University Haikou 570228 China
| | - Siyao Bian
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University Haikou 570228 China .,Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chem, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University Haikou 570228 China
| | - Jihui Li
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University Haikou 570228 China .,Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chem, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University Haikou 570228 China
| | - Shuying Xu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University Haikou 570228 China .,Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chem, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University Haikou 570228 China
| | - Yucang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University Haikou 570228 China .,Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chem, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University Haikou 570228 China
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29
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Shakoor MB, Ali S, Rizwan M, Abbas F, Bibi I, Riaz M, Khalil U, Niazi NK, Rinklebe J. A review of biochar-based sorbents for separation of heavy metals from water. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2019; 22:111-126. [PMID: 31686525 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2019.1647405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Biochar is the low-cost and environmental-friendly material which has shown a great potential for separation of heavy metals from water. The previous studies have established a superior role of biochar over other materials, such as activated carbon and inorganic sorbents (iron based) in efficient removal of toxic heavy metals from aqueous systems. Among the various factors influencing heavy metals sorption ability of biochar, types of feedstock/biomass and pyrolysis temperature play a significant role. The goal of this review is to increase our understanding of heavy metals sorption behavior by biochars - this is important as heavy metals sorption is driven based on biochar type, heavy metals species which involve numerous mechanisms, including the physical binding, complexation, ion exchange, surface precipitation and electrostatic interactions. In addition, this review paper describes various approaches to improve heavy metal sorption capacity of biochars by steam and acids/bases activations and impregnation of biochar-based composites with minerals, organic compounds and carbon-rich materials. The physical/chemical activation of biochars can improve the surface area, thus leading to their improved functionality, while modification/pretreatment methods help in synthesizing composites using biochar as a supporting media to develop new sorbents with efficient surface attributes for heavy metals removal from aqueous solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Bilal Shakoor
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen City, Fujian, China
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Farhat Abbas
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Irshad Bibi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Usman Khalil
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Nabeel Khan Niazi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- School of Civil Engineering and Surveying, University of Southern Queensland, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
- Department of Environment, Energy and Geoinformatics, University of Sejong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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30
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Ma F, Zhao B, Diao J. Synthesis of magnetic biochar derived from cotton stalks for the removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2019; 79:2106-2115. [PMID: 31318348 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2019.208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A magnetic cotton stalk biochar (MCSBC) was synthesized through chemical co-precipitation, based on cotton stalk biochar (CSBC). The MCSBC and CSBC were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and vibrating sample magnetometry. The characterization analyses showed that the magnetization process endowed the CSBC with excellent magnetic properties with a superparamagnetic magnetization of 27.59 emu/g. Batch adsorption experiment results indicated that the Cr(VI) maximum adsorption capacity of MCSBC was 20.05 mg/g, which was higher than that of CSBC (18.77 mg/g). The adsorption kinetic data were well fitted by the pseudo-second-order model and the adsorption isotherms were well represented by the Sips isotherm model. The thermodynamic studies indicated that the adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic, and the entropy increased. The potential adsorption mechanism was the electrostatic adsorption of anionic Cr(VI) to the positively charged MCSBC surface, the reduction of Cr(VI) into Cr(III) and the complexation of Cr(III) by oxygen-containing functional groups of MCSBC. The regeneration studies showed that MCSBC kept 80% of its initial Cr(VI) adsorption capacity in the cycle. All the findings suggest that this novel magnetic biochar could be used in the field of Cr(VI)-containing wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengfeng Ma
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China E-mail: ; ;
| | - Baowei Zhao
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China E-mail: ; ;
| | - Jingru Diao
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China E-mail: ; ;
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31
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Adsorption of Hexavalent Chromium Using Banana Pseudostem Biochar and Its Mechanism. SUSTAINABILITY 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/su10114250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A low-cost biochar was prepared through slow pyrolysis of banana pseudostem biowaste at different temperatures, and characterized by surface area and porosity analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). It was shown that the biochar prepared at low pyrolysis temperature was rich in oxygen-containing groups on the surface. Adsorption experiments revealed that the biochar prepared at 300 °C (BB300) was the best adsorbent for Cr(VI) with 125.44 mg/g maximum adsorption capacity at pH 2 and 25 °C. All the adsorption processes were well described by pseudo-second-order and Langmuir models, indicating a monolayer chemiadsorption. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that adsorption of Cr(VI) was mainly attributed to reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) followed by ion exchange and complexation with the biochar.
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32
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Zhang X, Fu W, Yin Y, Chen Z, Qiu R, Simonnot MO, Wang X. Adsorption-reduction removal of Cr(VI) by tobacco petiole pyrolytic biochar: Batch experiment, kinetic and mechanism studies. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 268:149-157. [PMID: 30077171 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.07.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Tobacco petiole biochar (TPBC) was prepared via pyrolysis and used for Cr(VI) removal. Cr(VI) removal efficiency was reduced by pyrolytic temperature (PyT) increase which mainly affected by functional groups rather than specific surface area. According to the optimal pseudo second-order kinetic, the initial adsorption rate was decreased with PyT increase from 355.91 mg·g-1·min-1 (PyT = 300 °C) to 3.44 mg·g-1·min-1 (PyT = 700 °C). The isotherm was optimally explained by Temkin model involved physical absorption with heat of 28.73 J/mol. Simulation result of adsorption-reduction-adsorption process showed the Cr(VI) removal was kinetic controlled by Cr(VI) and Cr(III) adsorptions. TPBC300 was the optimal TPBC for chromium removal from electroplating wastewater with efficiencies of: 66.7% (Cr(VI)) and 21.1% (Cr(tot)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control. Xinxiang 453007, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, China
| | - Weijing Fu
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control. Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Yuanxue Yin
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control. Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Zhihua Chen
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control. Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Rongliang Qiu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, China
| | | | - Xuefeng Wang
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control. Xinxiang 453007, China.
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33
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Zhang X, Lv L, Qin Y, Xu M, Jia X, Chen Z. Removal of aqueous Cr(VI) by a magnetic biochar derived from Melia azedarach wood. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 256:1-10. [PMID: 29427861 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.01.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Revised: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic biochar (MMABC) prepared from Melia azedarach wood was used for aqueous Cr(VI) removal. MMABC was a mesoporous material with SBET 5.219 m2/g and superparamagnetic magnetization 17.3 emu/g contributed by the contained Fe3O4. The MMABC showed higher removal efficiency (99.8%) than biochar under conditions of dosage 5 g/L, pH = 3.0, and Cr(VI) concentration 10 mg/L. The saturation magnetization (16.1emg/g) of MMABC still remained after adsorption. According to FTIR and Raman results, the benzene-ring adjacent carbonyl did not showed obvious positive effects on Cr(VI) removal. A potential mechanism and corresponding apparent kinetic model indicated the Cr(VI) removal process by MMABC followed adsorption-reduction-adsorption steps. Cr(VI) was firstly adsorbed on surface and subsequently reduced to Cr(III), which was further adsorbed on MMABC surface. Langmuir isotherm (with maximal adsorption capacity of 25.27 mg/g) and pseudo second-order kinetic model were suitable for adsorption step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Xinxiang 453007, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, China
| | - Lei Lv
- Sinosteel Wuhan Safety & Environmental Protection Research Institute Co., Ltd., Wuhan No.1244, Heping Road, Qingshan District, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Yingzhi Qin
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Min Xu
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Xianbin Jia
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Zhihua Chen
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Xinxiang 453007, China.
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