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Schork NJ, Beaulieu-Jones B, Liang W, Smalley S, Goetz LH. Does Modulation of an Epigenetic Clock Define a Geroprotector? ADVANCES IN GERIATRIC MEDICINE AND RESEARCH 2022; 4:e220002. [PMID: 35466328 PMCID: PMC9022671 DOI: 10.20900/agmr20220002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
There is growing interest in the development of interventions (e.g., drugs, diets, dietary supplements, behavioral therapies, etc.) that can enhance health during the aging process, prevent or delay multiple age-related diseases, and ultimately extend lifespan. However, proving that such 'geroprotectors' do what they are hypothesized to do in relevant clinical trials is not trivial. We briefly discuss some of the more salient issues surrounding the design and interpretation of clinical trials of geroprotectors, including, importantly, how one defines a geroprotector. We also discuss whether emerging surrogate endpoints, such as epigenetic clocks, should be treated as primary or secondary endpoints in such trials. Simply put, geroprotectors should provide overt health and disease prevention benefits but the time-dependent relationships between epigenetic clocks and health-related phenomena are complex and in need of further scrutiny. Therefore, studies that enable understanding of the relationships between epigenetic clocks and disease processes while simultaneously testing the efficacy of a candidate geroprotector are crucial to move the field forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J. Schork
- Department of Quantitative Medicine, The Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), 445 North Fifth Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
- Net.bio Inc, Los Angeles, CA 90403, USA
| | - Brett Beaulieu-Jones
- Net.bio Inc, Los Angeles, CA 90403, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Susan Smalley
- Net.bio Inc, Los Angeles, CA 90403, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, The University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Laura H. Goetz
- Department of Quantitative Medicine, The Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), 445 North Fifth Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
- Net.bio Inc, Los Angeles, CA 90403, USA
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2
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Haupt S, Niedrist T, Sourij H, Schwarzinger S, Moser O. The Impact of Exercise on Telomere Length, DNA Methylation and Metabolic Footprints. Cells 2022; 11:153. [PMID: 35011715 PMCID: PMC8750279 DOI: 10.3390/cells11010153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging as a major risk factor influences the probability of developing cancer, cardiovascular disease and diabetes, amongst others. The underlying mechanisms of disease are still not fully understood, but research suggests that delaying the aging process could ameliorate these pathologies. A key biological process in aging is cellular senescence which is associated with several stressors such as telomere shortening or enhanced DNA methylation. Telomere length as well as DNA methylation levels can be used as biological age predictors which are able to detect excessive acceleration or deceleration of aging. Analytical methods examining aging are often not suitable, expensive, time-consuming or require a high level of technical expertise. Therefore, research focusses on combining analytical methods which have the potential to simultaneously analyse epigenetic, genomic as well as metabolic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Haupt
- Division of Exercise Physiology and Metabolism, Department of Sport Science, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany;
| | - Tobias Niedrist
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Harald Sourij
- Interdisciplinary Metabolic Medicine Trials Unit, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Stephan Schwarzinger
- NBNC—North Bavarian NMR-Centre, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany;
| | - Othmar Moser
- Division of Exercise Physiology and Metabolism, Department of Sport Science, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany;
- Interdisciplinary Metabolic Medicine Trials Unit, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria;
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3
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Buddhachat K, Brown JL, Kaewkool M, Poommouang A, Kaewmong P, Kittiwattanawong K, Nganvongpanit K. Life Expectancy in Marine Mammals Is Unrelated to Telomere Length but Is Associated With Body Size. Front Genet 2021; 12:737860. [PMID: 34630527 PMCID: PMC8498114 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.737860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine mammals vary greatly in size and lifespan across species. This study determined whether measures of adult body weight, length and relative telomere length were related to lifespan. Skin tissue samples (n = 338) were obtained from 23 marine mammal species, including four Mysticeti, 19 Odontoceti and one dugong species, and the DNA extracted to measure relative telomere length using real-time PCR. Life span, adult body weight, and adult body length of each species were retrieved from existing databases. The phylogenetic signal analysis revealed that body length might be a significant factor for shaping evolutionary processes of cetacean species through time, especially for genus Balaenoptera that have an enormous size. Further, our study found correlations between lifespan and adult body weight (R2 = 0.6465, p < 0.001) and adult body length (R2 = 0.6142, p ≤0.001), but no correlations with relative telomere length (R2 = −0.0476, p = 0.9826). While data support our hypothesis that larger marine mammals live longer, relative telomere length is not a good predictor of species longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kittisak Buddhachat
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand.,Excellence Center in Veterinary Bioscience, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Janine L Brown
- Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Center for Species Survival, Front Royal, VA, United States
| | - Manthanee Kaewkool
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Anocha Poommouang
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | | | | | - Korakot Nganvongpanit
- Excellence Center in Veterinary Bioscience, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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4
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Elmadawy MA, Abdullah OA, El Gazzar WB, Ahmad ES, Ameen SG, Abdelkader A. Telomere length and signal joint T-cell receptor rearrangement excision circles as biomarkers for chronological age estimation. Biomarkers 2021; 26:168-173. [PMID: 33401959 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2020.1871412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronological age estimation is a challenging marker in the field of forensic medicine. The current study aimed to investigate the accuracy of signal joint T-cell receptor rearrangement excision circles (sjTRECs) quantification and telomere length measurement as methods for estimating chronological age. METHODS Telomere length was estimated in the DNA derived from the buccal cells through estimating the telomeric restriction fragment (TRF) length using TeloTTAGGG Telomere Length Assay while the sjTRECs quantification was carried out on DNA isolated from the blood samples using qPCR. RESULTS The TRF length was shortened with increased age (r = -0.722, p < 0.001). The sjTRECs were also decreased with increased age (r = -0.831, p < 0.001). Stronger coefficient and lower standard error of the estimate was obtained when multiple regression analysis for age prediction based on the values of both methods was applied (r = -0.876, p < 0.001).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Ali Elmadawy
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt.,Department of Legal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Omnia A Abdullah
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Walaa Bayoumie El Gazzar
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Benha University, Benha, Egypt.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Enas Sebaey Ahmad
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical & Chemical Pathology, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Seham Gouda Ameen
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical & Chemical Pathology, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Afaf Abdelkader
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
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5
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Cherdsukjai P, Buddhachat K, Brown J, Kaewkool M, Poommouang A, Kaewmong P, Kittiwattanawong K, Nganvongpanit K. Age relationships with telomere length, body weight and body length in wild dugong ( Dugong dugon). PeerJ 2020; 8:e10319. [PMID: 33240643 PMCID: PMC7666544 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability to estimate age and determine the growth status of free-ranging dugongs (Dugong dugon) is vital to providing insight into the basic biology of this endangered species. Currently, age estimation in dugong carcasses relies on counting dentin growth layer groups (GLGs) in tusks, but a disadvantage is they need to be intact. We explored whether measures of telomere length could be used as an alternative approach to age estimation in dugongs given that in other species, telomere length and age are inversely related. In this study, relative telomere length (rTL) was measured by qPCR in skin samples from 24 dugongs of varying ages determined by counts of GLGs. In addition, relationships between age by GLG counts and body weight and length and were examined. Our findings indicate that age estimated by GLGs was negatively correlated with telomere length using the logistic formula with a rate of telomere attrition of approximately 0.036 rTL/year between the ages of 5-20 years. By comparison, both body weight and length were positively correlated with GLG-based age, with growth rates of ~8.8 kg/year for weight and ~3.58 cm/year for length, respectively. After that, growth rates slowed substantially and then plateaued. The results suggest that physical maturity in dugongs occurs at 20 years of age and that measures of rTL might serve as a tool for age estimation in dugongs, living and deceased.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kittisak Buddhachat
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
- Excellence Center in Veterinary Bioscience, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Janine Brown
- Center for Species Survival, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, VA, USA
| | - Manthanee Kaewkool
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Anocha Poommouang
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | | | | | - Korakot Nganvongpanit
- Excellence Center in Veterinary Bioscience, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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6
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Abou-Elela DH, El-Edel RH, Shalaby AS, Fouaad MA, Sonbol AA. Telomere length and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine as markers for early prediction of Alzheimer disease. Indian J Psychiatry 2020; 62:678-683. [PMID: 33896973 PMCID: PMC8052885 DOI: 10.4103/psychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_783_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Becoming shorter by each cell division, telomere length (TL) is regarded as a marker of cellular aging. Relative TL (T/S) depends on the quantitation of telomere hexamer repeat copy number normalized to autosomal single-copy gene copy number. TL is influenced by several factors, including oxidative stress (OS) and inflammation. This study aimed to investigate the possible role of TL and OS as markers for Alzheimer's disease (AD). MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred and eighty participants were categorized into three groups. Group 1: Included 60 patients with AD. Group II: included 60 age-matched nondemented subjects. Group III (pregeriatric group): included 60 healthy controls with their ages ranging between 30 and 60 years. TL was determined by the quantitative Real time-PCR method, plasma levels of 8-OHdG by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) by colorimetery. RESULTS In comparison to the other two groups, patients with AD showed shortened TL, increased plasma 8-OHdG concentration, and decreased TAC. The sensitivity of T/S ratio to predict AD was 86.67%, whereas the specificity was 96.67%. The sensitivity of 8-OHdG to predict AD was 96.67%, whereas the specificity was 86.67%. CONCLUSION AD is associated with shortened TL and increased OS as manifested by decreased TAC and increased serum 8-OHdG. T/S and 8-OHdG could be used as early predictors for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia H. Abou-Elela
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin El Kom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Rawhia H. El-Edel
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin El Kom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Amr S. Shalaby
- Department of Neuro-Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin El Kom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Mariam A. Fouaad
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Shebein El Kom Teaching Hospital, Shebin El Kom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A. Sonbol
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin El Kom, Menoufia, Egypt
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7
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Rej PH, Bondy MH, Lin J, Prather AA, Kohrt BA, Worthman CM, Eisenberg DTA. Telomere length analysis from minimally-invasively collected samples: Methods development and meta-analysis of the validity of different sampling techniques: American Journal of Human Biology. Am J Hum Biol 2020; 33:e23410. [PMID: 32189404 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Telomeres are the protective caps of chromosomes. They shorten with cell replication, age, and possibly environmental stimuli (eg, infection and stress). Short telomere length (TL) predicts subsequent worse health. Although venous whole blood (VWB) is most commonly used for TL measurement, other, more minimally invasive, sampling techniques are becoming increasingly common due to their field-friendliness, allowing for feasible measurement in low-resource contexts. We conducted statistical validation work for measuring TL in dried blood spots (DBS) and incorporated our results into a meta-analysis evaluating minimally invasive sampling techniques to measure TL. METHODS We isolated DNA extracts from DBS using a modified extraction protocol and tested how they endured different shipping conditions and long-term cryostorage. We then included our in-house DBS TL validation statistics (correlation values with VWB TL and age) in a series of meta-analyses of results from 24 other studies that published similar associations for values between TL measured in DBS, saliva, and buccal cells. RESULTS Our modified DBS extraction technique produced DNA yields that were roughly twice as large as previously recorded. Partially extracted DBS DNA was stable for 7 days at room temperature, and still provided reliable TL measurements, as determined by external validation statistics. In our meta-analysis, DBS TL had the highest external validity, followed by saliva, and then buccal cells-possibly reflecting similarities/differences in cellular composition vs VWB. CONCLUSIONS DBS DNA is the best proxy for VWB from the three minimally-invasively specimen types evaluated and can be used to expand TL research to diverse settings and populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter H Rej
- Department of Anthropology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Madison H Bondy
- Department of Anthropology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jue Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Aric A Prather
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Brandon A Kohrt
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Services, George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Carol M Worthman
- Department of Anthropology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Dan T A Eisenberg
- Department of Anthropology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Center for Studies in Demography and Ecology, Seattle, Washington, USA
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8
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Samayoa C, Santoyo-Olsson J, Escalera C, Stewart AL, Ortiz C, Márquez-Magaña L, Urias A, Gonzalez N, Cervantes SA, Torres-Nguyen A, Parada-Ampudia L, Nápoles AM. Participant-Centered Strategies for Overcoming Barriers to Biospecimen Collection among Spanish-Speaking Latina Breast Cancer Survivors. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020; 29:606-615. [PMID: 32132128 PMCID: PMC7062229 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-19-0942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Latinos are underrepresented in biomedical research, particularly biomarker research, yet they constitute the nation's largest ethnic/racial minority. Optimal methods for obtaining biospecimens for biomarker research among Latinos need to be identified. To minimize barriers and enhance participation, this study developed and tested tailored strategies for collecting biomarkers of chronic stress and premature aging among Spanish-speaking Latina breast cancer survivors. METHODS This study used a community-based participatory approach and selected hair and saliva as noninvasive biospecimens to assess telomere length, the cortisol awakening response (CAR), and hair cortisol concentration. We developed bilingual multimedia instructional materials, and community health workers assisted in collections. Telephone surveys assessed willingness to participate in future studies, barriers to sample collection, and recommendations for improving the strategies. RESULTS A total of 103 participants were recruited over 18 months from two rural sites in California, and 88 were retained at 6-month follow-up. At baseline, rates of donating salivary DNA for telomere length measurement, saliva for CAR analysis, and hair for cortisol concentration were 98%, 89%, and 52%, respectively. At follow-up, rates were 83%, 76%, and 55%, respectively. The majority of participants reported being very willing to provide hair (72%) or saliva (74%) for future studies. CONCLUSIONS Our results support the feasibility of including minorities in biomedical research. We report excellent rates of saliva collection when community partners are engaged in the process, and when patient-centered and culturally tailored recruitment methods are implemented. IMPACT The development of methods to facilitate the inclusion of minorities in biomedical research is critical to eliminate racial/ethnic health disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathy Samayoa
- Health Equity Research Lab, Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California.
| | - Jasmine Santoyo-Olsson
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Cristian Escalera
- National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Anita L Stewart
- Institute for Health & Aging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
- Center for Aging in Diverse Communities, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Carmen Ortiz
- Círculo de Vida Cancer Support and Resource Center, San Francisco, California
| | - Leticia Márquez-Magaña
- Health Equity Research Lab, Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California
| | - Aday Urias
- Cancer Resource Center of the Desert, El Centro, California
| | | | - Silvia A Cervantes
- Community Outreach Department, Kaweah Delta Health District, Visalia, California
| | - Alma Torres-Nguyen
- Community Outreach Department, Kaweah Delta Health District, Visalia, California
| | - Lorenia Parada-Ampudia
- WomenCARE/Entre Nosotras, Family Service Agency of the Central Coast, Soquel, California
| | - Anna M Nápoles
- National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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10
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Hong SR, Shin KJ, Jung SE, Lee EH, Lee HY. Platform-independent models for age prediction using DNA methylation data. Forensic Sci Int Genet 2019; 38:39-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigen.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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11
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DNA methylation-based age prediction using massively parallel sequencing data and multiple machine learning models. Forensic Sci Int Genet 2018; 37:215-226. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigen.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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12
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Yamanoi E, Uchiyama S, Sakurada M, Ueno Y. sjTREC quantification using SYBR quantitative PCR for age estimation of bloodstains in a Japanese population. Leg Med (Tokyo) 2018; 32:71-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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13
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Cho S, Jung SE, Hong SR, Lee EH, Lee JH, Lee SD, Lee HY. Independent validation of DNA-based approaches for age prediction in blood. Forensic Sci Int Genet 2017; 29:250-256. [PMID: 28511095 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigen.2017.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Numerous molecular biomarkers have been proposed as predictors of chronological age. Among them, T-cell specific DNA rearrangement and DNA methylation markers have been introduced as forensic age predictors in blood because of their high prediction accuracy. These markers appear highly promising, but for better application to forensic casework sample analysis the proposed markers and genotyping methods must be tested further. In the current study, signal-joint T-cell receptor excision circles (sjTRECs) and DNA methylation markers located in the ELOVL2, C1orf132, TRIM59, KLF14, and FHL2 genes were reanalyzed in 100 Korean blood samples to test their associations with chronological age, using the same analysis platform used in previous reports. Our study replicated the age association test for sjTREC and DNA methylation markers in the 5 genes in an independent validation set of 100 Koreans, and proved that the age predictive performance of the previous models is relatively consistent across different population groups. However, the extent of age association at certain CpG loci was not identical in the Korean and Polish populations; therefore, several age predictive models were retrained with the data obtained here. All of the 3 models retrained with DNA methylation and/or sjTREC data have a CpG site each from the ELOVL2 and FHL2 genes in common, and produced better prediction accuracy than previously reported models. This is attributable to the fact that the retrained model better fits the existing data and that the calculated prediction accuracy could be higher when the training data and the test data are the same. However, it is notable that the combination of different types of markers, i.e., sjTREC and DNA methylation, improved prediction accuracy in the eldest group. Our study demonstrates the usefulness of the proposed markers and the genotyping method in an independent dataset, and suggests the possibility of combining different types of DNA markers to improve prediction accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohee Cho
- Institute of Forensic Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Eun Jung
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Yonsei University College of medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sae Rom Hong
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Yonsei University College of medicine, Seoul, Korea; Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Hee Lee
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Yonsei University College of medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Lee
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soong Deok Lee
- Institute of Forensic Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Forensic Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hwan Young Lee
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Yonsei University College of medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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14
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Márquez-Ruiz AB, González-Herrera L, Valenzuela A. Usefulness of telomere length in DNA from human teeth for age estimation. Int J Legal Med 2017; 132:353-359. [DOI: 10.1007/s00414-017-1595-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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15
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Hong SR, Jung SE, Lee EH, Shin KJ, Yang WI, Lee HY. DNA methylation-based age prediction from saliva: High age predictability by combination of 7 CpG markers. Forensic Sci Int Genet 2017; 29:118-125. [PMID: 28419903 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigen.2017.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
DNA methylation is currently one of the most promising age-predictive biomarkers. Many studies have reported DNA methylation-based age predictive models, but most of these are based on DNA methylation patterns from blood. Only a few studies have examined age-predictive DNA patterns in saliva, which is one of the most frequently-encountered body fluids at crime scenes. In this study, we generated genome-wide DNA methylation profiles of saliva from 54 individuals and identified CpG markers that showed a high correlation between methylation and age. Because the age-associated marker candidates from saliva differed from those of blood, we investigated DNA methylation patterns of 6 age-associated CpG marker candidates (cg00481951, cg19671120, cg14361627, cg08928145, cg12757011, and cg07547549 of the SST, CNGA3, KLF14, TSSK6, TBR1, and SLC12A5 genes, respectively) in addition to a cell type-specific CpG marker (cg18384097 of the PTPN7 gene) in an independent set of saliva samples obtained from 226 individuals aged 18 to 65 years. Multiplex methylation SNaPshot reactions were used to generate the data. We then generated a linear regression model with age information and the methylation profile from the 113 training samples. The model exhibited a 94.5% correlation between predicted and chronological age with a mean absolute deviation (MAD) from chronological age of 3.13 years. In subsequent validation using 113 test samples, we also observed a high correlation between predicted and chronological age (Spearman's rho=0.952, MAD from chronological age=3.15years). The model composed of 7 selected CpG sites enabled age prediction in saliva with high accuracy, which will be useful in saliva analysis for investigative leads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sae Rom Hong
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, South Korea; Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, South Korea
| | - Sang-Eun Jung
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, South Korea
| | - Eun Hee Lee
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, South Korea
| | - Kyoung-Jin Shin
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, South Korea; Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, South Korea
| | - Woo Ick Yang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, South Korea
| | - Hwan Young Lee
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, South Korea.
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Cho S, Seo HJ, Lee JH, Kim MY, Lee SD. Influence of immunologic status on age prediction using signal joint T cell receptor excision circles. Int J Legal Med 2017; 131:1061-1067. [DOI: 10.1007/s00414-017-1540-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Milte CM, Russell AP, Ball K, Crawford D, Salmon J, McNaughton SA. Diet quality and telomere length in older Australian men and women. Eur J Nutr 2016; 57:363-372. [PMID: 27785566 PMCID: PMC5847066 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-016-1326-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Telomere length is a biomarker of cellular ageing, with longer telomeres associated with longevity and reduced risk of chronic disease in older age. Consumption of a healthy diet may contribute to longevity via its impact on cellular ageing, but studies on diet and telomere length to date have been limited and their findings equivocal. The aim of this study was to examine associations between three indices of diet quality and telomere length in older men and women. METHODS Adults aged 57-68 years participating in the Wellbeing, Eating and Exercise for a Long Life (WELL) study in Victoria, Australia (n = 679), completed a postal survey including an 111-item food frequency questionnaire in 2012. Diet quality was assessed via three indices: the Dietary Guideline Index, the Recommended Food Score, and the Mediterranean Diet Score. Relative telomere length was measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Associations between diet quality and telomere length were assessed using linear regression adjusted for covariates. RESULTS After adjustment for age, sex, education, smoking, physical activity, and body mass index (BMI), there were no significant associations between diet quality and relative telomere length. CONCLUSIONS In a sample of older adults residing in Victoria, Australia, men and women aged 57-68 years with better-quality diets did not have longer telomeres. Further investigation in longitudinal studies will determine whether diet can influence telomere length over time in an ageing population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M Milte
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
| | - Aaron P Russell
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Kylie Ball
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - David Crawford
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Jo Salmon
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Sarah A McNaughton
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
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Yabuta S, Masaki M, Shidoji Y. Associations of Buccal Cell Telomere Length with Daily Intake of β-Carotene or α-Tocopherol Are Dependent on Carotenoid Metabolism-related Gene Polymorphisms in Healthy Japanese Adults. J Nutr Health Aging 2016; 20:267-74. [PMID: 26892575 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-015-0577-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Telomere length shortening is modulated not only by aging, but also by both genetic and environmental factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the interactions between antioxidant nutrient metabolism-related gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (the genetic factors) and nutrient intake (the environmental factors) in their effects on telomere length shortening. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Data were collected on the relative telomere lengths (RTLs) of buccal cells and the habitual food intake of 70 healthy Japanese adults. MEASUREMENTS All subjects were genotyped for two common single nucleotide polymorphisms: rs6564851 in the β-carotene-15,15'-mono-oxygenase 1 (BCMO1) gene and rs362090 in the intestine-specific homeobox (ISX) gene. RESULTS Univariate analysis revealed that buccal RTL was not significantly modulated by either age or gender. Then, we subdivided the study population into four groups based on combinations of the rs6564851 and rs362090 genotypes. After this subdivision, we showed a positive effect of daily α- or β-carotene intake on buccal RTL in the ISX rs362090 G-allele carrier + BCMO1 rs6564851 GG-genotype group (p = 0.026). Additionally, daily intake of another antioxidative fat-soluble vitamin, α-tocopherol, was positively associated with buccal RTL in the ISX rs362090 AA-homozygote + BCMO1 rs6564851 T-allele carrier group (p = 0.037). CONCLUSION Our study clearly indicates that high dietary intake of the antioxidants α, β-carotene and α-tocopherol protects buccal cells from RTL shortening, depending on the genetic background of antioxidant vitamin-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Yabuta
- Yoshihiro Shidoji, Molecular and Cellular Biology, Graduate School of Human Health Science, University of Nagasaki, 1-1-1 Academy Hills, Nagayo, Nagasaki 851-2195, Japan. E-mail:
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Gudelj I, Keser T, Vučković F, Škaro V, Goreta SŠ, Pavić T, Dumić J, Primorac D, Lauc G, Gornik O. Estimation of human age using N-glycan profiles from bloodstains. Int J Legal Med 2015; 129:955-61. [PMID: 25787342 PMCID: PMC4550657 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-015-1162-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Protein glycosylation is the most common epiproteomic modification involved in numerous physiological and pathological processes. Previous studies reported strong associations between human plasma N-glycans and age, prompting us to evaluate the potential application of this biological phenomenon in the field of forensics. Blood from 526 blood donors from different parts of Croatia was collected on bloodstain cards during the period 2004–2007 and stored at 4°C for 6–9 years. Glycosylation profiles of the bloodstains were analysed using hydrophilic interaction ultra performance liquid chromatography (HILIC-UPLC) and divided into 38 glycan groups (GP1-GP38). A statistically significant correlation between N-glycan profiles of bloodstains and chronological age was found and a statistical model that can be used for the age prediction was designed (Age = 75.59 – 5.15 × (GP4)2+ 17.07 × GP6 – 5.30 × (GP10)2 – 16.56 × GP16 + 20.07 × GP20 – 7.54 × (GP20)2 + 16.47 × GP22). This model explains 47.78 % of the variation in age, with a prediction error of 9.07 years. Our findings demonstrate that analysing the N-glycan profile could be a new tool in forensics, offering an approximate human age estimation from dried bloodstains found at a crime scene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Gudelj
- Genos Ltd., Glycobiology Department, Hondlova 2, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Toma Keser
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Frano Vučković
- Genos Ltd., Glycobiology Department, Hondlova 2, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vedrana Škaro
- Genos Ltd., Glycobiology Department, Hondlova 2, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sandra Šupraha Goreta
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tamara Pavić
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jerka Dumić
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dragan Primorac
- Genos Ltd., Glycobiology Department, Hondlova 2, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
- School of Medicine, University of Osijek, Josipa Huttlera 4, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia
- Eberly College of Science, Penn State University, University Park, Penn, PA USA
- School of Medicine, University of Split, Šoltanska 2, 21 000 Split, Croatia
- St. Catherine Hospital, Bračak 8, Zabok, Croatia
| | - Gordan Lauc
- Genos Ltd., Glycobiology Department, Hondlova 2, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Olga Gornik
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Holstege H, Pfeiffer W, Sie D, Hulsman M, Nicholas TJ, Lee CC, Ross T, Lin J, Miller MA, Ylstra B, Meijers-Heijboer H, Brugman MH, Staal FJT, Holstege G, Reinders MJT, Harkins TT, Levy S, Sistermans EA. Somatic mutations found in the healthy blood compartment of a 115-yr-old woman demonstrate oligoclonal hematopoiesis. Genome Res 2014; 24:733-42. [PMID: 24760347 PMCID: PMC4009603 DOI: 10.1101/gr.162131.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The somatic mutation burden in healthy white blood cells (WBCs) is not well known. Based on deep whole-genome sequencing, we estimate that approximately 450 somatic mutations accumulated in the nonrepetitive genome within the healthy blood compartment of a 115-yr-old woman. The detected mutations appear to have been harmless passenger mutations: They were enriched in noncoding, AT-rich regions that are not evolutionarily conserved, and they were depleted for genomic elements where mutations might have favorable or adverse effects on cellular fitness, such as regions with actively transcribed genes. The distribution of variant allele frequencies of these mutations suggests that the majority of the peripheral white blood cells were offspring of two related hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) clones. Moreover, telomere lengths of the WBCs were significantly shorter than telomere lengths from other tissues. Together, this suggests that the finite lifespan of HSCs, rather than somatic mutation effects, may lead to hematopoietic clonal evolution at extreme ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henne Holstege
- Department of Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Center, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Cho S, Ge J, Seo SB, Kim K, Lee HY, Lee SD. Age estimation via quantification of signal-joint T cell receptor excision circles in Koreans. Leg Med (Tokyo) 2014; 16:135-8. [PMID: 24524944 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2014.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Revised: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The estimation of age from biological samples (i.e., remains) at crime scenes could provide useful information about both victims and other persons related to criminal activities. Signal-joint T cell receptor excision circle (sjTREC) levels in peripheral blood decline with age, and negative correlations between sjTREC levels and age have been demonstrated in several ethnic groups. To validate the utility of sjTREC for age estimation in Koreans, Taqman qPCR was used to quantify the sjTREC level in samples obtained from 172 individuals ranging from 16 to 65 years old. We modified the previously reported method by using a shorter amplicon and confirmed the efficiency and utility of this method in this report. Our results showed that the linear negative regression curve between sjTREC levels and age was characterized by r=-0.807 and a standard error of 8.49 years. These results indicate that sjTREC level is an effective age estimation method in Koreans. The value of the standard error of quantification was not different from previous reports for other population groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohee Cho
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 28 Yongon-Dong, Chongno-Gu, Seoul 110-799, South Korea
| | - Jianye Ge
- Institute of Applied Genetics, Department of Forensics and Investigative Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX 76107, United States
| | - Seung Bum Seo
- Institute of Applied Genetics, Department of Forensics and Investigative Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX 76107, United States
| | - Kiha Kim
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 28 Yongon-Dong, Chongno-Gu, Seoul 110-799, South Korea
| | - Hye Young Lee
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 28 Yongon-Dong, Chongno-Gu, Seoul 110-799, South Korea
| | - Soong Deok Lee
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 28 Yongon-Dong, Chongno-Gu, Seoul 110-799, South Korea; Institute of Forensic Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 28, Yongon-Dong, Chongno-Gu, Seoul 110-799, South Korea.
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Telomere-independent ageing in the longest-lived non-colonial animal, Arctica islandica. Exp Gerontol 2014; 51:38-45. [PMID: 24394156 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2013.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Revised: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/25/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The shortening of telomeres as a causative factor in ageing is a widely discussed hypothesis in ageing research. The study of telomere length and its regenerating enzyme telomerase in the longest-lived non-colonial animal on earth, Arctica islandica, should inform whether the maintenance of telomere length plays a role in reaching the extreme maximum lifespan (MLSP) of >500years in this species. Since longitudinal measurements on living animals cannot be achieved, a cross-sectional analysis of a short-lived (MLSP 40years from the Baltic Sea) and a long-lived population (MLSP 226years Northeast of Iceland) and in different tissues of young and old animals from the Irish Sea was performed. A high heterogeneity of telomere length was observed in investigated A. islandica over a wide age range (10-36years for the Baltic Sea, 11-194years for Irish Sea, 6-226years for Iceland). Constant telomerase activity and telomere lengths were detected at any age and in different tissues; neither correlated with age or population habitat. Stable telomere maintenance might contribute to the long lifespan of A. islandica. Telomere dynamics are no explanation for the distinct MLSPs of the examined populations and thus the cause of it remains to be investigated.
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Ozturk S, Sozen B, Demir N. Telomere length and telomerase activity during oocyte maturation and early embryo development in mammalian species. Mol Hum Reprod 2013; 20:15-30. [DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gat055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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Shalev I, Moffitt TE, Sugden K, Williams B, Houts RM, Danese A, Mill J, Arseneault L, Caspi A. Exposure to violence during childhood is associated with telomere erosion from 5 to 10 years of age: a longitudinal study. Mol Psychiatry 2013; 18:576-81. [PMID: 22525489 PMCID: PMC3616159 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2012.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 350] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2011] [Revised: 02/02/2012] [Accepted: 03/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing interest in discovering mechanisms that mediate the effects of childhood stress on late-life disease morbidity and mortality. Previous studies have suggested one potential mechanism linking stress to cellular aging, disease and mortality in humans: telomere erosion. We examined telomere erosion in relation to children's exposure to violence, a salient early-life stressor, which has known long-term consequences for well-being and is a major public-health and social-welfare problem. In the first prospective-longitudinal study with repeated telomere measurements in children while they experienced stress, we tested the hypothesis that childhood violence exposure would accelerate telomere erosion from age 5 to age 10 years. Violence was assessed as exposure to maternal domestic violence, frequent bullying victimization and physical maltreatment by an adult. Participants were 236 children (49% females; 42% with one or more violence exposures) recruited from the Environmental-Risk Longitudinal Twin Study, a nationally representative 1994-1995 birth cohort. Each child's mean relative telomere length was measured simultaneously in baseline and follow-up DNA samples, using the quantitative PCR method for T/S ratio (the ratio of telomere repeat copy numbers to single-copy gene numbers). Compared with their counterparts, the children who experienced two or more kinds of violence exposure showed significantly more telomere erosion between age-5 baseline and age-10 follow-up measurements, even after adjusting for sex, socioeconomic status and body mass index (B=-0.052, s.e.=0.021, P=0.015). This finding provides support for a mechanism linking cumulative childhood stress to telomere maintenance, observed already at a young age, with potential impact for life-long health.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Shalev
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Suite 201 Grey House, 2020 West Main Street, Box 104410, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
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Parental responsiveness moderates the association between early-life stress and reduced telomere length. Dev Psychopathol 2013; 25:577-585. [PMID: 23527512 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579413000011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Early-life stress, such as maltreatment, institutionalization, and exposure to violence, is associated with accelerated telomere shortening. Telomere shortening may thus represent a biomarker of early adversity. Previous studies have suggested that responsive parenting may protect children from the negative biological and behavioral consequences of early adversity. This study examined the role of parental responsiveness in buffering children from telomere shortening following experiences of early-life stress. We found that high-risk children had significantly shorter telomeres than low-risk children, controlling for household income, birth weight, gender, and minority status. Further, parental responsiveness moderated the association between risk and telomere length, with more responsive parenting associated with longer telomeres only among high-risk children. These findings suggest that responsive parenting may have protective benefits on telomere shortening for young children exposed to early-life stress. Therefore, this study has important implications for early parenting interventions.
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Xie Y, Zhao X, Jia H, Ma B. Derivation and characterization of goat fetal fibroblast cells induced with human telomerase reverse transcriptase. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2012; 49:8-14. [PMID: 23271363 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-012-9554-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2011] [Accepted: 09/07/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Fetal fibroblast cells (FFCs) are often used as donor cells for somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) because they are easy to culture and suitable for genetic manipulation. However, through genetic modification process, which required FFCs to be cultured in vitro for several passages, cells tended to age very rapidly and became inappropriate for SCNT. Human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) possessed the activity of human telomerase and maintains telomere in dividing cells; therefore, hTERT can be transfected into somatic cells to extend their lifespan. In this study, we transfected a Xinong Saanen Dairy Goat FFC line with hTERT. Then, we tested several characteristics of transfected cells, including growth curve, expression and activity of hTERT, tumorigenicity, and expression of oct4 and nanog. The result showed that hTERT could significantly extend the lifespan of transfected cells in vitro. hTERT mRNA was expressed in hTERT-transfected cells. Moreover, hTERT-transfected cells presented enhanced telomerase activity and longer telomere than untransfected cells at the same passage. On the other hand, hTERT-transfected cells can maintain normal karyotype even after several times of subculture in vitro. After inoculation of hTERT-transfected cells in nude mouse, none of them developed tumors on the vaccination site. Interestingly, transfection of hTERT can improve expression of nanog and oct4 in Xinong Saanen Dairy Goat FFCs, especially in low generation after transfection, but with increasing subculture, this effect gradually weakened.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xie
- College of Animal Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
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Shalev I. Early life stress and telomere length: investigating the connection and possible mechanisms: a critical survey of the evidence base, research methodology and basic biology. Bioessays 2012; 34:943-52. [PMID: 22991129 PMCID: PMC3557830 DOI: 10.1002/bies.201200084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
How can adverse experiences in early life, such as maltreatment, exert such powerful negative effects on health decades later? The answer may lie in changes to DNA. New research suggests that exposure to stress can accelerate the erosion of DNA segments called telomeres. Shorter telomere length correlates with chronological age and also disease morbidity and mortality. Thus, telomere erosion is a potential mechanism linking childhood stress to health problems later in life. However, an array of mechanistic, methodological, and basic biological questions must be addressed in order to translate telomere discoveries into clinical applications for monitoring health and predicting disease risk. This paper covers the current state of the science and lays out new research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idan Shalev
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
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Exploring the utility of genetic markers for predicting biological age. Leg Med (Tokyo) 2012; 14:279-85. [PMID: 22770678 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2012.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2012] [Accepted: 05/31/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
DNA evidence can be analyzed for genetic markers to determine phenotypes such as hair and eye color, ancestry, and even age estimation. Currently, telomere length is the only genetic biomarker that has been correlated to cell replication and replicative cell senescence--both strong indicators of tissue aging in humans. Unfortunately, while many studies have found a strong correlation between telomere length and age, many data sets show extreme variability, technical assay malfunction, inadequate evaluation of other variables that can impact telomere, altogether conflicting results, or insignificant correlations due to low sample size. Other, non-telomere based methods are problematic, as they often have only the ability to identify newborns or are only viable for specific tissue or cell types, and for most, the effects of outside variables have not been fully evaluated. Thus, telomeres remain the most promising biomarker for age estimation; mechanisms for telomere repeat attrition over time have been well documented. Unfortunately, assays currently used determine mean telomere length of a sample, are not precise or reproducible. New techniques should be robust enough to determine age across a broad spectrum of age ranges, and the effect of other variables (gender, race, disease, etc.), must be explored.
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Das B, Saini D, Seshadri M. No evidence of telomere length attrition in newborns from high level natural background radiation areas in Kerala coast, south west India. Int J Radiat Biol 2012; 88:642-7. [DOI: 10.3109/09553002.2012.699135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Abstract
Association Between Telomere Shortening and Ageing During Occupational ExposureTelomere length is considered as a biomarker of ageing, resulting in shortening during the process. The present investigation was an attempt to determine the relative telomere length in mechanical workshop workers. Telomere length shortening in cells during occupational exposure causes accelerated ageing. Genomic DNA was isolated from buccal epithelial cells collected from 240 individuals, comprising two groups of 120 exposed workers and 120 unexposed controls. Telomere length was measured by using real time PCR. Both telomere (T) and single copy gene (S) specific primers were used to compute the relative T/S ratio and expressed as the relative telomere length. Telomere length differed significantly between the workers and controls (p<0.05). The results showed an indirect and significant association (r=-0.356, p=0.001) between age and telomere length in the workers. This study showed that the difference in telomere length shortening was statistically significant (p<0.05) between the workers and controls. It was concluded that occupational exposure acts as a risk factor to enhance telomere length shortening and accelerate ageing.
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Weyermann C, Ribaux O. Situating forensic traces in time. Sci Justice 2012; 52:68-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scijus.2011.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2011] [Revised: 08/26/2011] [Accepted: 09/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Bhupatiraju C, Saini D, Patkar S, Deepak P, Das B, Padma T. Association of shorter telomere length with essential hypertension in Indian population. Am J Hum Biol 2012; 24:573-8. [PMID: 22431479 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.22264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2011] [Revised: 01/26/2012] [Accepted: 02/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Essential hypertension is known to be associated with growth, development, and aging of humans. Telomeres are specialized nucleoprotein complexes consisting of tandem repeats of DNA sequences (TTAGGG)n that serve as protective caps of human chromosomes. Telomere length is considered as a biomarker of aging in somatic cells. In the present investigation, leukocyte telomere length was determined among hypertensive and normal individuals to find out the association, if any, with hypertension. MATERIALS AND METHODS Venous blood samples were collected from normal and hypertensive individuals with written informed consent approved by ethic committee of Department of Genetics, Osmania University Hyderabad, India. Genomic DNA was isolated from blood samples of 98 normal (age range: 30-70 years, mean age: 51.01 ± 10.12 years) and 96 hypertensive individuals (age range: 35-75 years, mean age: 49.18 ± 6.46 years). Using a SYBR green-based real time quantitative PCR relative telomere length was determined among these individuals. RESULTS The relative telomere length (T/S ratio) in hypertensive individuals was observed to be 0.91 ± 0.16 which was significantly different (P < 0.001) from normal individuals where the relative telomere length was 0.99 ± 0.13. No significant difference was observed between relative telomere length of male and female individuals, although there is negative correlation between age and telomere length was observed in both normal and hypertensive individuals. The systolic and diastolic blood pressure was negatively correlated with relative telomere length, though not significant. CONCLUSION Shorter telomere length is associated with hypertensive individuals in Indian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charita Bhupatiraju
- Department of Genetics, Osmania University, Hyderabad 500 007, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Sibille KT, Langaee T, Burkley B, Gong Y, Glover TL, King C, Riley JL, Leeuwenburgh C, Staud R, Bradley LA, Fillingim RB. Chronic pain, perceived stress, and cellular aging: an exploratory study. Mol Pain 2012; 8:12. [PMID: 22325162 PMCID: PMC3298803 DOI: 10.1186/1744-8069-8-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2011] [Accepted: 02/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic pain conditions are characterized by significant individual variability complicating the identification of pathophysiological markers. Leukocyte telomere length (TL), a measure of cellular aging, is associated with age-related disease onset, psychosocial stress, and health-related functional decline. Psychosocial stress has been associated with the onset of chronic pain and chronic pain is experienced as a physical and psychosocial stressor. However, the utility of TL as a biological marker reflecting the burden of chronic pain and psychosocial stress has not yet been explored. Findings The relationship between chronic pain, stress, and TL was analyzed in 36 ethnically diverse, older adults, half of whom reported no chronic pain and the other half had chronic knee osteoarthritis (OA) pain. Subjects completed a physical exam, radiographs, health history, and psychosocial questionnaires. Blood samples were collected and TL was measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Four groups were identified characterized by pain status and the Perceived Stress Scale scores: 1) no pain/low stress, 2) no pain/high stress, chronic pain/low stress, and 4) chronic pain/high stress. TL differed between the pain/stress groups (p = 0.01), controlling for relevant covariates. Specifically, the chronic pain/high stress group had significantly shorter TL compared to the no pain/low stress group. Age was negatively correlated with TL, particularly in the chronic pain/high stress group (p = 0.03). Conclusions Although preliminary in nature and based on a modest sample size, these findings indicate that cellular aging may be more pronounced in older adults experiencing high levels of perceived stress and chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly T Sibille
- College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610-3628, USA.
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Jendrzejewski J, Tomsic J, Lozanski G, Labanowska J, He H, Liyanarachchi S, Nagy R, Ringel MD, Kloos RT, Heerema NA, de la Chapelle A. Telomere length and telomerase reverse transcriptase gene copy number in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2011; 96:E1876-80. [PMID: 21900378 PMCID: PMC3205886 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2011-1643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The family risk ratio for papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is among the highest of all cancers. Collectively, familial cases (fPTC) and sporadic cases (sPTC) are not known to show molecular differences. However, one study reported that telomeres were markedly shorter and the telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) gene was amplified and up-regulated in germline DNA from patients with fPTC compared with sPTC. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate telomere length and TERT gene amplification and expression in blood samples of fPTC and sPTC patients in a genetically distinct population from the previous study. DESIGN In 42 fPTC and 65 sPTC patients, quantitative real-time PCR was employed to measure the relative telomere length (RTL) and TERT gene copy number and RNA level. To validate the results using alternative methods, we further studied a subset of the original cohort consisting of randomly chosen fPTC (n = 10) and sPTC (n = 14) patients and controls (n = 21) by assessing both telomere length by flow fluorescent in situ hybridization and TERT gene expression by quantitative real-time PCR. RESULTS RTL and TERT gene copy number did not differ between fPTC and sPTC (P = 0.957 and P = 0.998, respectively). The mean RTL and TERT gene expression were not significantly different among the groups of the validation series (P = 0.169 and P = 0.718, respectively). CONCLUSION Our data show no difference between familial and sporadic PTC with respect to telomere length, TERT copy number, or expression in our cohort. Further investigations in additional cohorts of patients are desirable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslaw Jendrzejewski
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 804 Biomedical Research Tower 460 West 12th Avenue Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
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Eshkoor SA, Ismail P, Abd Rahman S, Moin S, Adon MY. Occupational Exposure as a Risk Factor to Enhance the Risk of Early Ageing. ASIAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY 2011; 3:573-580. [DOI: 10.3923/ajbkr.2011.573.580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Telomere length in blood, buccal cells, and fibroblasts from patients with inherited bone marrow failure syndromes. Aging (Albany NY) 2011; 2:867-74. [PMID: 21113082 PMCID: PMC3006028 DOI: 10.18632/aging.100235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Telomeres, the nucleotide repeats and protein complex at chromosome ends, are required for chromosomal stability and are important markers of aging. Patients with dyskeratosis congenita (DC), an inherited bone marrow failure syndrome (IBMFS), have mutations in telomere biology genes, and very short telomeres. There are limited data on intra-individual telomere length (TL) variability in DC and related disorders. We measured relative TL by quantitative-PCR in blood, buccal cells, and fibroblasts from 21 patients with an IBMFS (5 Diamond-Blackfan anemia, 6 DC, 6 Fanconi anemia, and 4 Shwachman-Diamond syndrome). As expected, TL in patients with DC was significantly (p<0.01) shorter in all tissues compared with other IBMFS. In all disorders combined, the median Q-PCR TL was longer in fibroblast and buccal cells than in blood (overall T/S ratio=1.42 and 1.16 vs. 1.05, p=0.001, 0.006, respectively). Although the absolute values varied, statistically significant intra-individual correlations in TL were present in IBMFS patients: blood and fibroblast (r=0.66, p=0.002), blood and buccal cells (r=0.74, p<0.0001), and fibroblast and buccal cells (r=0.65, p=0.004). These data suggest that relative TL is tissue-independent in DC and possibly in the other IBMFS.
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Choi NE, Kim HS, Choe CY, Jeon GJ, Sohn SH. Cattle Age Prediction by Leukocytes Telomere Quantification. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2010. [DOI: 10.5187/jast.2010.52.5.367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Abstract
Telomeres are repetitive DNA sequences at the ends of eukaryote chromosomes. Telomere loss limits the number of times cells can divide and is intimately involved in cell loss and renewal. Average telomere length in cell samples generally declines with donor age but shows substantial intraspecific variation. Telomeres are potentially of great interest to evolutionary biologists since the balance of fitness costs and benefits associated with loss and restoration is linked to the biology of life span. Most telomere research is done in the context of human disease. Recently, however, there has been a burgeoning of interest in telomere dynamics in healthy organisms. The extent to which variation in telomere loss might be involved in the evolution of life histories, and constrain or underpin life history trade-offs, is a growing field of research. I discuss what we do and do not know about the links between telomere length and life histories and the extent to which variations in telomere length and loss rate are useful indicators of aging-related changes and/or the biological state of individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pat Monaghan
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Biomedical & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
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Das B, Saini D, Seshadri M. Telomere length in human adults and high level natural background radiation. PLoS One 2009; 4:e8440. [PMID: 20037654 PMCID: PMC2793520 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0008440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2009] [Accepted: 11/22/2009] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Telomere length is considered as a biomarker of aging, stress, cancer. It has been associated with many chronic diseases such as hypertension and diabetes. Although, telomere shortening due to ionizing radiation has been reported in vitro, no in vivo data is available on natural background radiation and its effect on telomere length. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS The present investigation is an attempt to determine the telomere length among human adults residing in high level natural radiation areas (HLNRA) and the adjacent normal level radiation areas (NLNRA) of Kerala coast in Southwest India. Genomic DNA was isolated from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 310 individuals (HLNRA: N = 233 and NLNRA: N = 77). Telomere length was determined using real time q-PCR. Both telomere (T) and single copy gene (S) specific primers were used to calculate the relative T/S and expressed as the relative telomere length. The telomere length was determined to be 1.22+/-0.15, 1.12+/-0.15, 1.08+/-0.08, 1.12+/-0.11, respectively, among the four dose groups (=1.50, 1.51-3.00, 3.01-5.00 and >5.00 mGy per year), which did not show any dose response. The results suggested that the high level natural chronic radiation did not have significant effect on telomere length among young adult population living in HLNRA, which is indicative of better repair of telomeric ends. No significant difference in telomere length was observed between male and female individuals. In the present investigation, although the determination of telomere length was studied among the adults with an age group between 18 to 40 years (mean maternal age: 26.10+/-4.49), a negative correlation was observed with respect to age. However, inter-individual variation was (0.81-1.68) was clearly observed. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE In this preliminary investigation, we conclude that elevated level of natural background radiation has no significant effect on telomere length among the adult population residing in HLNRAs of Kerala coast. To our knowledge, this is the first report from HLNRAs of the world where telomere length was determined on human adults. However, more samples from each background dose group and samples from older population need to be studied to derive firm conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birajalaxmi Das
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, India.
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