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Mohammadinia F, Esmaeili‐Mahani S, Abbasnejad M, Dogani M, Poorrahimi AM. Methyl jasmonate ameliorates pain-induced learning and memory impairments through regulating the expression of genes involved in neuroinflammation. Brain Behav 2024; 14:e3502. [PMID: 38680072 PMCID: PMC11056706 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Orofacial pain with high prevalence is one of the substantial human health issues. The importance of this matter became more apparent when it was revealed that orofacial pain, directly and indirectly, affects cognition performances. Currently, researchers have focused on investigating pharmaceutics to alleviate pain and ameliorate its subsequent cognitive impairments. DESIGN In this study, the rats were first treated with the central administration of methyl jasmonate (MeJA), which is an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory bio-compound. After 20 min, orofacial pain was induced in the rats by the injection of capsaicin in their dental pulp. Subsequently, the animals' pain behaviors were analyzed, and the effects of pain and MeJA treatments on rats learning and memory were evaluated/compared using the Morris water maze (MWM) test. In addition, the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-1β, BDNF, and COX-2 genes in the rats' hippocampus was evaluated using real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Experiencing orofacial pain resulted in a significant decline in the rats learning and memory. However, the central administration of 20 μg/rat of MeJA effectively mitigated these impairments. In the MWM, the performance of the MeJA-treated rats showed a two- to threefold improvement compared to the nontreated ones. Moreover, in the hippocampus of pain-induced rats, the expression of pro-inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-1β, and COX-2 significantly increased, whereas the BDNF expression decreased. In contrast, MeJA downregulated the pro-inflammatory factors and upregulated the BDNF by more than 50%. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight the notable antinociceptive potential of MeJA and its ability to inhibit pain-induced learning and memory dysfunction through its anti-inflammatory effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Mohammadinia
- Kerman Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of NeuropharmacologyKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
- Department of Biology, Faculty of SciencesShahid Bahonar University of KermanKermanIran
| | - Saeed Esmaeili‐Mahani
- Kerman Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of NeuropharmacologyKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
- Department of Biology, Faculty of SciencesShahid Bahonar University of KermanKermanIran
| | - Mehdi Abbasnejad
- Department of Biology, Faculty of SciencesShahid Bahonar University of KermanKermanIran
| | - Manijeh Dogani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of SciencesShahid Bahonar University of KermanKermanIran
| | - Ali Mohammad Poorrahimi
- Kerman Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of NeuropharmacologyKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
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Okeowo OM, Oke OO, David GO, Ijomone OM. Caffeine Administration Mitigates Chronic Stress-Induced Behavioral Deficits, Neurochemical Alterations, and Glial Disruptions in Rats. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1663. [PMID: 38137111 PMCID: PMC10741929 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13121663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Prolonged exposure to stress has detrimental effects on health, and the consumption of caffeine, mostly contained in energy drinks, has become a widely adopted stress coping strategy. Currently, there is limited information regarding the effects of caffeine intake on chronic stress exposure. Thus, this study investigated the effects of caffeine administration on chronic stress-induced behavioral deficits, neurochemical alterations, and glial disruptions in experimental rats. Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to five groups (n = 6): non-stress control, stress control, and caffeine groups of doses 12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg. The stress control and caffeine groups were subjected to an unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) protocol daily for 14 days. The rats were evaluated for phenotypic and neurobehavioral assessments. Thereafter, the rat brains were processed for biochemical and immunohistochemical assays. Caffeine administration was found to ameliorate behavioral dysfunctions in rats exposed to UCMS. The UCMS-induced changes in brain levels of monoamines, cholinesterases, and some oxidative stress biomarkers were reversed by caffeine. Caffeine administration also produced mild protective effects against UCMS-induced changes in GFAP and Iba-1 expression in stress-specific brain regions. These results showed that low and moderate doses of caffeine reversed most of the stress-induced changes, suggesting its ameliorative potential against chronic stress-induced alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oritoke M. Okeowo
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure 340252, Ondo State, Nigeria; (O.M.O.); (O.O.O.)
- Laboratory for Experimental and Translational Neurobiology, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo 351101, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Olanrewaju O. Oke
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure 340252, Ondo State, Nigeria; (O.M.O.); (O.O.O.)
| | - Gloria O. David
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure 340252, Ondo State, Nigeria;
| | - Omamuyovwi M. Ijomone
- Laboratory for Experimental and Translational Neurobiology, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo 351101, Ondo State, Nigeria
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure 340252, Ondo State, Nigeria;
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo 351101, Ondo State, Nigeria
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Godoy R, Macedo AB, Gervazio KY, Ribeiro LR, Lima JLF, Salvadori MGSS. Effects of ortho-eugenol on anxiety, working memory and oxidative stress in mice. BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 83:e271785. [PMID: 37610945 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.271785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Ortho-eugenol is a synthetic derivative from eugenol, the major compound of clove essential oil, which has demonstrated antidepressant and antinociceptive effects in pioneering studies. Additionally, its effects appear to be dependent on the noradrenergic and dopaminergic systems. Depression and anxiety disorders are known to share a great overlap in their pathophysiology, and many drugs are effective in the treatment of both diseases. Furthermore, high levels of anxiety are related to working memory deficits and increased oxidative stress. Thus, in this study we investigated the effects of acute treatment of ortho-eugenol, at 50, 75 and 100 mg/kg, on anxiety, working memory and oxidative stress in male Swiss mice. Our results show that the 100 mg/kg dose increased the number of head-dips and reduced the latency in the hole-board test. The 50 mg/kg dose reduced malondialdehyde levels in the prefrontal cortex and the number of Y-maze entries compared to the MK-801-induced hyperlocomotion group. All doses reduced nitrite levels in the hippocampus. It was also possible to assess a statistical correlation between the reduction of oxidative stress and hyperlocomotion after the administration of ortho-eugenol. However, acute treatment was not able to prevent working memory deficits. Therefore, the present study shows that ortho-eugenol has an anxiolytic and antioxidant effect, and was able to prevent substance-induced hyperlocomotion. Our results contribute to the elucidation of the pharmacological profile of ortho-eugenol, as well as to direct further studies that seek to investigate its possible clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Godoy
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Instituto de Pesquisa em Fármacos e Medicamentos, Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | - A B Macedo
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Instituto de Pesquisa em Fármacos e Medicamentos, Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | - K Y Gervazio
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Instituto de Pesquisa em Fármacos e Medicamentos, Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-graduação em Produtos Bioativos Naturais e Sintéticos - PgPNSB, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | - L R Ribeiro
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Instituto de Pesquisa em Fármacos e Medicamentos, Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | - J L F Lima
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Instituto de Pesquisa em Fármacos e Medicamentos, Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-graduação em Produtos Bioativos Naturais e Sintéticos - PgPNSB, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | - M G S S Salvadori
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Instituto de Pesquisa em Fármacos e Medicamentos, Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-graduação em Produtos Bioativos Naturais e Sintéticos - PgPNSB, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
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Normalization of HPA Axis, Cholinergic Neurotransmission, and Inhibiting Brain Oxidative and Inflammatory Dynamics Are Associated with The Adaptogenic-like Effect of Rutin Against Psychosocial Defeat Stress. J Mol Neurosci 2023; 73:60-75. [PMID: 36580190 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-022-02084-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Social defeat stress (SDS) due to changes in biochemical functions has been implicated in the pathogenesis of affective and cognitive disorders. Employing pharmacological approach with adaptogens in the management and treatment of psychosocial stress is increasingly receiving scientific attention. In this study, we investigated the neuroprotective effect of rutin, a bioflavonoid with neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory functions on neurobehavioral and neuro-biochemical changes in mice exposed to SDS. Groups of mice named the intruder mice received normal saline (10 mL/kg), rutin (5, 10, and 20 mg/kg, i.p.), and ginseng (50 mg/kg, i.p.) daily for 14 days, and then followed by 10 min daily SDS (physical/psychological) exposures to aggressor mice from days 7-14. Investigations consisting of neurobehavioral (locomotion, memory, anxiety, and depression) phenotypes, neuro-biochemical (oxidative, nitrergic, cholinergic, and pro-inflammatory cytokines) levels in discrete brain regions, and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis consisting adrenal weight, corticosterone, and glucose concentrations were assessed. Rutin restored the neurobehavioral deficits and reduced the activity of acetylcholinesterase in the brains. Adrenal hypertrophy, increased serum glucose and corticosterone levels were significantly attenuated by rutin. SDS-induced release of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 in the striatum, prefrontal cortex, and hippocampus were also suppressed by rutin in a brain-region-dependent manner. Moreover, SDS-induced oxidative stress characterized by low antioxidants (glutathione, superoxide-dismutase, catalase) and lipid peroxidation and nitrergic stress were reversed by rutin in discrete brain regions. Collectively, our data suggest that rutin possesses an adoptogenic potential in mice exposed to SDS via normalization of HPA, oxidative/nitrergic, and neuroinflammatory inhibitions. Thus, may be adopted in the management of neuropsychiatric syndrome due to psychosocial stress.
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Adebayo OG, Aduema W, Iwueke AV, Asiwe JN, Onyeleonu I, Akpotu AE, Wopara I, Adebayo OR, Onuoha OG, Eleazar ES, Onwuka FC. Treatment with Ginkgo biloba supplement modulates oxidative disturbances, inflammation and vascular functions in oxygen deprived hypothyroid mice: Involvement of endothelin-1/NO signaling pathways. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14477. [PMID: 36226765 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
A double-hit biological alteration involving exposure to oxygen deprivation in hypothyroid condition may exacerbate cellular oxidative and inflammatory disturbances comparative to a one-hit biological exposure. This study investigated the therapeutic effect of Ginkgo biloba as cardioprotective against aortic oxido-inflammatory disturbances following oxygen deprivation in hypothyroid mice. Male Swiss mice were partitioned into 5 groups (n = 6) for hypothyroidism (Carbimazole 1.2 mg/kg) and hypoxia induction. Group 1 (normal control), group 2 (hypoxic stress control), group 3 (hypoxic and hypothyroid stress), group 4 (hypoxic and hypothyroid stress and Ginkgo biloba 20 mg/kg; p.o) and group 5 (hypoxic and hypothyroid stress and Levothyroxine 10 μg/kg; p.o) for 14 days. Thereafter, serum and aorta was collected for biochemical evaluation. GBS did not up-regulate the serum thyroid hormone imbalances (tri-iodothyronine (T3), thyroxin (T4)) but maintains the TSH levels. The blood glucose level was reduced with decrease oxidative stress and inflammatory mediators in the serum/aorta indicated by inhibited redox status following treatment with GBS. Moreover, endothelin-1/nitric oxide signaling pathways were markedly regulated in the aorta. Conclusively, GBS acts as a therapeutic agent and may be consider as a potential vasodilator candidate in the management and control of hypoxic stress in hypothyroid condition. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Treatment with Gingko biloba supplement abated endothelial abnormalities via elevation of nitric oxide release and suppression of endothelin activity in hypothyroid mice exposed to hypoxic hypoxia. The activity of myeloperoxidase enzyme and redo-inflammatory status was downregulated following treatment with Gingko biloba supplement in hypothyroid mice exposed to hypoxic hypoxia. Treatment with Gingko biloba supplement modulates hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis by inhibiting corticosterone release in hypothyroid mice exposed to hypoxic hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olusegun G Adebayo
- Neurophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, PAMO University of Medical Sciences, Port-Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - Wadioni Aduema
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Bayelsa Medical University, Yenagoa, Nigeria
| | - Adaku V Iwueke
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Computing, University of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Umuagwo, Nigeria
| | - Jerome N Asiwe
- Cardiorespiratory Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, PAMO University of Medical Sciences, Port-Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - Ijeoma Onyeleonu
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, PAMO University of Medical Sciences, Port-Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - Ajirioghene E Akpotu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, PAMO University of Medical Sciences, Port-Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - Iheanyichukwu Wopara
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - Oluwakemi Rachael Adebayo
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Public Health, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Ogechukwu G Onuoha
- Neurophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, PAMO University of Medical Sciences, Port-Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - Emeka Spiff Eleazar
- Neurophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, PAMO University of Medical Sciences, Port-Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - Favour C Onwuka
- Neurophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, PAMO University of Medical Sciences, Port-Harcourt, Nigeria
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Savchenko T, Degtyaryov E, Radzyukevich Y, Buryak V. Therapeutic Potential of Plant Oxylipins. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314627. [PMID: 36498955 PMCID: PMC9741157 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
For immobile plants, the main means of protection against adverse environmental factors is the biosynthesis of various secondary (specialized) metabolites. The extreme diversity and high biological activity of these metabolites determine the researchers' interest in plants as a source of therapeutic agents. Oxylipins, oxygenated derivatives of fatty acids, are particularly promising in this regard. Plant oxylipins, which are characterized by a diversity of chemical structures, can exert protective and therapeutic properties in animal cells. While the therapeutic potential of some classes of plant oxylipins, such as jasmonates and acetylenic oxylipins, has been analyzed thoroughly, other oxylipins are barely studied in this regard. Here, we present a comprehensive overview of the therapeutic potential of all major classes of plant oxylipins, including derivatives of acetylenic fatty acids, jasmonates, six- and nine-carbon aldehydes, oxy-, epoxy-, and hydroxy-derivatives of fatty acids, as well as spontaneously formed phytoprostanes and phytofurans. The presented analysis will provide an impetus for further research investigating the beneficial properties of these secondary metabolites and bringing them closer to practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana Savchenko
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Evgeny Degtyaryov
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
- Puschchino State Institute of Natural Sciences, Prospect Nauki st., 3, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Yaroslav Radzyukevich
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Vlada Buryak
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, str. 51, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Branch of Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
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Isibor H, Ajayi AM, Ben-Azu B, Omeiza NA, Ademola AP, Umukoro S. D-ribose-L-cysteine reduces oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines to mitigate liver damage, and memory decline induced by copper sulfate in mice. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2022; 73:127001. [PMID: 35617721 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.127001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current evidences have implicated copper in amyloid aggregation that trigger the downstream oxidative stress-mediated neuroinflammation that characterized memory deterioration in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Thus, this study was designed to evaluate the effect of D-Ribose-L-Cysteine (DRLC), a potent antioxidant agent, on copper sulfate (CuSO4)-induced memory deterioration and the biochemical mechanisms underpinning its action in mice. METHODS Male Swiss mice were randomly distributed into 5 groups (n = 10/group). Mice in group 1 were given distilled water (control), group 2 CuSO4 (100 mg/kg) while groups 3-5 were pretreated with CuSO4 (100 mg/kg) 30 min before administration of DRLC (10, 25 and 50 mg/kg). Treatments were given through oral gavage, daily for 28 days. Memory function was evaluated on day 28 using Y-maze test. The isolated liver and brain tissues were then processed for oxidative stress biomarkers, and proinflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6)] assays. Brian acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and liver enzymes [aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities were also determined. RESULTS DRLC reversed memory impairment and dysregulated levels of malondialdehyde, glutathione, nitrite and glutathione S-transferase in the liver and brain tissues of mice pretreated with CuSO4. The increased proinflammatory cytokines concentrations in the liver and brain tissues of mice pretreated with CuSO4 were reduced by DRLC. The elevated brain AChE and liver enzymes activities induced by CuSO4 were also reduced by DRLC. CONCLUSION Taken together, these findings suggest that DRLC attenuates CuSO4-induced memory dysfunctions in mice through enhancement of antioxidative pathway, inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines and augmentation of liver function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Happy Isibor
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Abayomi Mayowa Ajayi
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Benneth Ben-Azu
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Delta University, Abraka, Nigeria
| | - Noah Adavize Omeiza
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Adeleke Paul Ademola
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Solomon Umukoro
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
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Adebayo OG, Asiwe JN, Ben-Azu B, Aduema W, Onyeleonu I, Akpotu AE, Wopara I, Kolawole TA, Umoren EB, Igbokwe V, Buduburisi BR, Onwuka FC, Brown PI. Ginkgo biloba protects striatal neurodegeneration and gut phagoinflammatory damage in rotenone-induced mice model of Parkinson's disease: Role of executioner caspase-3/Nrf2/ARE signaling. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14253. [PMID: 35608987 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Asymptomatic and early clinical stages of Parkinson's disease (PD) have been linked with comorbid non-motor symptoms including dysfunction of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Notwithstanding, neuroprotective and gastroprotective effects of Ginkgo biloba supplements (GBS) have been investigated independently. Hence, whether GBS-mediated GIT-protective capacity could be helpful in PD via gut-brain anti-inflammatory signaling still remains unknown. Treatment with GBS significantly repressed the motor behavioral and neuromuscular deficits and prevented loss of striatal dopaminergic loss by improving the level of tyrosine hydroxylase enzyme and suppressing synucleinopathy development. Striatal neurons and ileal epithelial injury following intraperitoneal rotenone administration were accompanied with oxidoinflammatory/nitroinflammatory stress and marked inhibition of cholinergic transmission. Moreover, there was increased striatal executioner caspase-3 and decreased nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) immunoexpression, loss of striatal pyramidal neuron with a marked decrease in length and width of the dendritic spines as well as significant hyperplasia of cryptal cells in the ileal epithelial tissues, all which were reversed by the pretreatment + concurrent (Pre-CONC) and concurrent (CONC) GBS treatment pattern. In sum, we proved the potential dual effects of GBS in preventing both dopaminergic neural-related impairments and gut wall abnormalities linked with PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olusegun G Adebayo
- Neurophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, PAMO University of Medical Sciences, Port-Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - Jerome N Asiwe
- Cardiorespiratory Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, PAMO University of Medical Sciences, Port-Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - Benneth Ben-Azu
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria
| | - Wadioni Aduema
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Bayelsa Medical University, Yenagoa, Nigeria
| | - Ijeoma Onyeleonu
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, PAMO University of Medical Sciences, Port-Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - Ajirioghene E Akpotu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, PAMO University of Medical Sciences, Port-Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - Iheanyichukwu Wopara
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Port-Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - Tolunigba A Kolawole
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, PAMO University of Medical Sciences, Port-Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - Elizabeth B Umoren
- Neurophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, PAMO University of Medical Sciences, Port-Harcourt, Nigeria.,Gastrointestinal Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, PAMO University of Medical Sciences, Port-Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - Vincent Igbokwe
- Neurophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, PAMO University of Medical Sciences, Port-Harcourt, Nigeria.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikwe University, Awka, Nigeria
| | - Buduchim R Buduburisi
- Neurophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, PAMO University of Medical Sciences, Port-Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - Favour C Onwuka
- Neurophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, PAMO University of Medical Sciences, Port-Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - Providence I Brown
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, PAMO University of Medical Sciences, Port-Harcourt, Nigeria
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The Anti-Parkinson Potential of Gingko biloba-Supplement Mitigates Cortico-Cerebellar Degeneration and Neuropathobiological Alterations via Inflammatory and Apoptotic Mediators in Mice. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:2211-2229. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03600-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Ben-Azu B, Adebayo OG, Wopara I, Aduema W, Onyeleonu I, Umoren EB, Kolawole TA, Ebo OT, Akpotu AE, Ajibo DN, Onuoha OG. Lead acetate induces hippocampal pyramidal neuron degeneration in mice via up-regulation of executioner caspase-3, oxido-inflammatory stress expression and decreased BDNF and cholinergic activity: Reversal effects of Gingko biloba supplement. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2022; 71:126919. [PMID: 35038618 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2021.126919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE It has been hypothesized that compounds with strong anti-oxidant activity might mitigate lead-induced neurotoxicity that resulted to neuronal degeneration.Ginkgo biloba supplement (GB-S) is a neuroactive supplement which has been reported to demonstrate neuroprotective effects. In this study, we investigated the reversal effect and the underlying mechanism of GB-S following lead-induced neurotoxicity in mice. METHODS Male Swiss mice (n = 8) were pre-treated with lead acetate (100 mg/kg) for 30 min before GB-S (10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg) or Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) (50 mg/kg) intraperitoneally for 14 consecutive days. Memory impairment symptoms were evaluated on day 13 and 14 using Y-maze and Novel object recognition test (NORT) respectively. Thereafter, spectrophotometry, ELISA, immunohistochemistry and histomorphormetry were used to estimate the degree and expression of biomarkers of neuronal inflammation: oxido-inflammatory stress, apoptosis and degeneration in the hippocampus (HC). RESULTS Lead acetate treatment significantly (p < 0.05) induced neurobehavioral impairment which was reversed by GB-S as evident in increased percentage alternation and discrimination index. GB-S significantly (p < 0.05) reduced lipid peroxidation and nitrite level, inhibited TNF-α and acetylcholinesterase activity and improved glutathione, catalase and superoxide dismutase activity in the HC. Moreover, GB-S inhibited hippocampal apoptosis via elevated expression of caspase-3 with marked increase level of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Also, the histomorphormetric study showed that GB-S rescued death of pyramidal neurons (CA3) in the HC. CONCLUSION Our findings however suggest that GB-S decreased memory impairment progression induced by lead acetate via mechanisms connected to inhibition of oxido-inflammatory stress mediators, restrained acetylcholinesterase activity, up-regulated BDNF/Caspase-3 expression and suppression of hippocampal pyramidal neuron degeneration in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benneth Ben-Azu
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria
| | - Olusegun G Adebayo
- Neurophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, PAMO University of Medical Sciences, Port-Harcourt, River State, Nigeria.
| | - Iheanyichukwu Wopara
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, River State, Nigeria
| | - Wadioni Aduema
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Bayelsa Medical University, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
| | - Ijeoma Onyeleonu
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, PAMO University of Medical Sciences, Port-Harcourt, River State, Nigeria
| | - Elizabeth B Umoren
- Neurophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, PAMO University of Medical Sciences, Port-Harcourt, River State, Nigeria
| | - Tolunigba A Kolawole
- Neurophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, PAMO University of Medical Sciences, Port-Harcourt, River State, Nigeria
| | - Oloruntoba T Ebo
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Ajirioghene E Akpotu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, PAMO University of Medical Sciences, Port-Harcourt, River State, Nigeria
| | - Doris N Ajibo
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, River State, Nigeria
| | - Ogechukwu G Onuoha
- Neurophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, PAMO University of Medical Sciences, Port-Harcourt, River State, Nigeria
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11
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Boiangiu RS, Bagci E, Dumitru G, Hritcu L, Todirascu-Ciornea E. Angelica purpurascens (Avé-Lall.) Gilli. Essential Oil Improved Brain Function via Cholinergic Modulation and Antioxidant Effects in the Scopolamine-Induced Zebrafish ( Danio rerio) Model. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:1096. [PMID: 35448824 PMCID: PMC9030736 DOI: 10.3390/plants11081096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Angelica purpurascens (Avé-Lall.) Gilli. is a medicinal plant that displays antioxidant, anticholinesterase, and neuroprotective properties. The effect of A. purpurascens essential oil (APO) on memory impairments and brain oxidative stress in zebrafish (Danio rerio) treated with scopolamine (Sco), as well as the underlying mechanism involved, were investigated in this study. Exposure to Sco (100 μM) resulted in anxiety in zebrafish, as assessed by the novel tank diving test (NTT), whereas spatial memory and novelty response dysfunctions, as evidenced by the Y-maze test and novel object recognition test (NOR), were noticed. When zebrafish were given Sco and simultaneously given APO (25 and 150 μL/L, once daily for 13 days), the deficits were averted. An increase in brain antioxidant enzymes, a reduction of lipid peroxidation, and protein oxidation were linked to this impact. Furthermore, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was significantly reduced in the brains of APO-treated zebrafish. The main detected components in the APO composition were β-phellandrene (33.80%), sabinene (6.80%), α-pinene (5.30%), germacrene-D (4.50%), α-phellandrene (4.20%), and p-cymene (3.80%) based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) investigations. Our findings show that APO's beneficial effect in a zebrafish model of Sco-induced memory impairment is mediated through multiple mechanisms, including the restoration of cholinergic system function and the improvement of the brain antioxidant state. As a result, APO could be employed as a potential source of bioactive molecules with useful biological properties and medicinal uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razvan Stefan Boiangiu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, 700506 Iasi, Romania; (R.S.B.); (E.T.-C.)
| | - Eyup Bagci
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Firat University, 23119 Elazig, Turkey;
| | - Gabriela Dumitru
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, 700506 Iasi, Romania; (R.S.B.); (E.T.-C.)
| | - Lucian Hritcu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, 700506 Iasi, Romania; (R.S.B.); (E.T.-C.)
| | - Elena Todirascu-Ciornea
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, 700506 Iasi, Romania; (R.S.B.); (E.T.-C.)
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12
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Antioxidant and Anticholinesterase Properties of the Aqueous Extract of Balanites aegyptiaca L. Delile Fruit Pulp on Monosodium Glutamate-Induced Excitotoxicity in Swiss Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:7576132. [PMID: 35449814 PMCID: PMC9017515 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7576132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Balanites aegyptiaca L. Delile (B. aegyptiaca) is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of memory impairment. This work aims to evaluate the antioxidant and anticholinesterase potential of BA fruit pulp extract on excitotoxicity induced by monosodium glutamate (MSG). MSG was administered 30 minutes after treatment with B. aegyptiaca aqueous fruit pulp extract (50, 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg) and vitamin C (100 mg/kg) for 30 days. The negative control group received only MSG, while the control group was given distilled water daily. Behavioral tests parameters (using the novel object recognition, Y-maze, and Barnes maze tests), oxidative stress biomarkers (malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, and catalase), nitric oxide, and acetylcholinesterase activity and hippocampal architecture were evaluated. Results obtained revealed that different doses of B. aegyptiaca significantly reversed the deleterious effect of MSG on memory. This was displayed by a significant (
) increment in the percentage of spontaneous alternation in the Y-maze test and a significant (
) increase in discrimination index in novel object recognition observed with 500 mg/kg extract dose. Moreover, the extract (250 and 500 mg/kg doses) significantly (
) increased direct search strategy and significantly decreased (
) the time taken to find the target hole in the Barnes maze. A modulation of hyperactivity was observed after administration of all extract doses compared to the negative control group in the open arena. Furthermore, the highest dose of the extract caused a significant (
) improvement in antioxidant enzymes activity, associated with a significant (
) decrement in nitric oxide and malondialdehyde concentrations and a significant (
) decrease in acetylcholinesterase activity. Treatment with the extract also restored normal hippocampal cell architecture. B. aegyptiaca fruit pulp extract could thus confer neuroprotection through its antioxidant and anticholinesterase potential.
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13
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Luo SS, Zou KX, Zhu H, Cheng Y, Yan YS, Sheng JZ, Huang HF, Ding GL. Integrated Multi-Omics Analysis Reveals the Effect of Maternal Gestational Diabetes on Fetal Mouse Hippocampi. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:748862. [PMID: 35237591 PMCID: PMC8883435 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.748862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that adverse intrauterine environments could affect the long-term health of offspring. Recent evidence indicates that gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with neurocognitive changes in offspring. However, the mechanism remains unclear. Using a GDM mouse model, we collected hippocampi, the structure critical to cognitive processes, for electron microscopy, methylome and transcriptome analyses. Reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) and RNA-seq in the GDM fetal hippocampi showed altered methylated modification and differentially expressed genes enriched in common pathways involved in neural synapse organization and signal transmission. We further collected fetal mice brains for metabolome analysis and found that in GDM fetal brains, the metabolites displayed significant changes, in addition to directly inducing cognitive dysfunction, some of which are important to methylation status such as betaine, fumaric acid, L-methionine, succinic acid, 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid, and S-adenosylmethionine (SAM). These results suggest that GDM affects metabolites in fetal mice brains and further affects hippocampal DNA methylation and gene regulation involved in cognition, which is a potential mechanism for the adverse neurocognitive effects of GDM in offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Si Luo
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke-Xin Zou
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Cheng
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Shang Yan
- The Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Zhong Sheng
- The Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
| | - He-Feng Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China.,The Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guo-Lian Ding
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
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14
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Olayinka J, Eduviere A, Adeoluwa O, Fafure A, Adebanjo A, Ozolua R. Quercetin mitigates memory deficits in scopolamine mice model via protection against neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Life Sci 2022; 292:120326. [PMID: 35031260 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's disease (AD) are outcomes of neuroinflammatory processes that result in memory impairment. Quercetin (QT), a plant based flavonoid, has demonstrated notable effects against neurodegeneration and inflammation in models of dementia. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been well elucidated. This study evaluated the possible effects of QT against neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in scopolamine (SC) induced memory impairment. MAIN METHODS SC was used to induce memory loss in mice after which novel object recognition test (NORT) was used to assess memory function. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine the levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the brain tissues of the animals. Brain histology was carried out on the hippocampus (cornus ammonis 1, cornus ammonis 3 and dentate gyrus), and the prefrontal cortex. The population of healthy neuronal cells was counted, using ImageJ software. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) was employed for the identification of cells undergoing apoptosis. KEY FINDINGS QT reversed memory impairment in the NORT. Increases in TNF-α and IL-6 were attenuated by QT, and histology revealed that QT attenuated SC-induced cell degeneration and death in the hippocampal sub-regions and prefrontal cortex. QT diminished the population of dead cells in SC-treated mice, and also reversed the process of apoptosis induced by SC. SIGNIFICANCE Findings from the study suggest that QT mitigates pro-inflammatory mediators and reverses neurodegeneration to restore memory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliet Olayinka
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Afe-Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin, Benin City 300001, Nigeria.
| | - Anthony Eduviere
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria
| | - Olusegun Adeoluwa
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Afe-Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Adedamola Fafure
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Afe-Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Adeshina Adebanjo
- Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Afe-Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Raymond Ozolua
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin, Benin City 300001, Nigeria
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15
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Olayinka JN, Eduviere A, Adeoluwa O, Akinluyi E, Obisesan A, Akawa O, Adebanjo A. Quercetin mitigates scopolamine-induced memory dysfunction: impact on oxidative stress and cholinergic mechanisms. Metab Brain Dis 2022; 37:265-277. [PMID: 34751893 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-021-00861-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Despite the promising neuroprotective activities of quercetin (QT), its' effect on cholinergic neurotransmission needs further elucidation. In this study, we explored the impact of QT on oxidative stress and cholinergic neurotransmission with emphasis on the possible involvement of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) as a potential mechanism of QT on memory function at the hippocampal sub-regions and prefrontal cortex of mice brains. Mice were administered orally with QT (12.5 and 25 mg/kg) alone or in combination with SC (3 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) once daily for seven consecutive days. Thirty minutes after the last treatment, memory function was assessed using the Y-maze test. Levels of biomarkers of oxidative stress and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity were determined using a microplate reader. ChAT activity was determined by immunohistochemistry. QT pretreatment enhanced memory performance and reversed scopolamine (SC)-induced memory impairment in the Y-maze test. QT also reduced malondialdehyde and nitrite levels in mice brains. Glutathione levels were increased in mice brains as a result of QT administration. Levels of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and catalase) were significantly increased in the mice brains, but AChE activity was reduced by QT. The activity of ChAT was significantly enhanced by QT in the hippocampal sub-regions and the prefrontal cortex of the mice brains. This study has shown that QT mitigated SC-induced memory dysfunction by inhibiting oxidative stress and AChE activity. Also, QT enhanced ChAT activity, particularly in the hippocampal sub-regions and the prefrontal cortex. These mechanisms, may be possible means through which QT improves memory performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliet N Olayinka
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe- Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria.
| | - Anthony Eduviere
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria
| | - Olusegun Adeoluwa
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe- Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Elizabeth Akinluyi
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe- Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Abiola Obisesan
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe- Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Oluwole Akawa
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe- Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Adeshina Adebanjo
- Department of Civil Engineering, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
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16
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Wopara I, Adebayo OG, Umoren EB, Aduema W, Iwueke AV, Etim O, Pius EA, James WB, Wodo J. Involvement of striatal oxido-inflammatory, nitrosative and decreased cholinergic activity in neurobehavioral alteration in adult rat model with oral co-exposure to erythrosine and tartrazine. Heliyon 2021; 7:e08454. [PMID: 34888423 PMCID: PMC8637136 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Overuse or overconsumption of food additive or colorant cannot be ignored in our society and there are several reports of it harmful effect on the body system. This study investigated the toxicity effect of tartrazine and erythrosine (ET, 50:50) on neurobehavioral alteration, striatal oxido-nitrosative and pro-inflammatory stress and striatal acetylcholinesterase activity in experimental rat model. Rats were co-exposed to ET (2 mg/kg, 6 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg) and distilled water (control), p.o for 6 weeks. The change in neurobehavioral function (Open field test, Forced swimming test and Tail suspension test), Lipid peroxidation (Malonaldehyde, MDA), Antioxidants (Glutathione, GSH; Catalase, CAT) Nitrite, Pro-inflammatory cytokine (Tumor necrosis factor-alpha, TNF-α) and Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity were evaluated. Results showed significant decrease in neurobehavioral functions after co-exposure to ET. Moreover, there were significant increase in MDA and Nitrite level, significant decrease in the concentration of GSH and CAT and a significant increase TNF-α concentration and AChE activity after co-exposure to ET. Oral co-exposure to tartrazine and erythrosine induced decrease in locomotion and exploration, increase anxiety and depression-like behavior and altered the cholinergic system through upregulation of oxido-nitrosative stress, pro-inflammatory cytokine and acetylcholinesterase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iheanyichukwu Wopara
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
| | - Olusegun G. Adebayo
- Department of Physiology, Neurophysiology Unit, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, PAMO University of Medical Sciences, Rivers State, Nigeria
| | - Elizabeth B. Umoren
- Department of Physiology, Neurophysiology Unit, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, PAMO University of Medical Sciences, Rivers State, Nigeria
| | - Wadioni Aduema
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Bayelsa Medical University, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
| | - Adaku V. Iwueke
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, PAMO University of Medical Sciences, Rivers State, Nigeria
| | - O.E. Etim
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, PAMO University of Medical Sciences, Rivers State, Nigeria
| | - Egelege Aziemeola. Pius
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Imo State University, Owerri, Nigeria
| | - Woha Boobondah James
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Rivers State University, Rivers State, Nigeria
| | - Joel Wodo
- Department of Physiology, Neurophysiology Unit, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, PAMO University of Medical Sciences, Rivers State, Nigeria
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17
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Hemati T, Abbasnejad M, Mollashahi M, Esmaeili-Mahani S, Shahraki A. Activation of L-type calcium channels and attenuation of oxidative stress are involved in the improving effect of methyl jasmonate on learning and memory and its anxiolytic property in rats. Behav Pharmacol 2021; 32:286-294. [PMID: 33595951 DOI: 10.1097/fbp.0000000000000611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of plant bioactive compound methyl jasmonate on learning and memory, anxiety-like behaviors, and brain oxidative stress in rats. It has been indicated that methyl jasmonate stimulates calcium-binding protein expression and increases intracellular calcium (Ca2+). Therefore, we investigated the potential role of L-type calcium channel on methyl jasmonate effects. The animals were intracerebroventriculary (i.c.v.) injected with different doses of methyl jasmonate (0.5, 2.5, and 5 µg/rat). L-type calcium channel blocker (nifedipine 5 µg/rat, i.c.v.) was injected 30 min before methyl jasmonate (5 µg/rat). Shuttle box apparatus was used to evaluate passive avoidance memory. Anxiety-like behaviors were assessed by open field and elevated plus maze tests. Lastly, oxidative stress-related indices were assessed in hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. The data showed that methyl jasmonate dose-dependently could improve passive avoidance learning and memory and reduce anxiogenic behaviors. The methyl jasmonate effects were significantly prevented by nifedipine. Furthermore, central microinjection of methyl jasmonate significantly decreased hydrogen peroxide concentration, and increased reactive oxygen species scavenger activity (catalase and peroxide enzymes) in rats' hippocampus as well as prefrontal cortex. Indeed, the results indicated that the beneficial effects of methyl jasmonate on learning and memory and anxiety might be partly associated with L-type calcium channel and partly on the inhibition of oxidant indices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh Hemati
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman
| | - Mehdi Abbasnejad
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman
| | - Mahtab Mollashahi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman
| | - Saeed Esmaeili-Mahani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Kerman Neuroscience Research Center (KNRC), Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman
| | - Ali Shahraki
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
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18
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Aluko OM, Iroegbu JD, Ijomone OM, Umukoro S. Methyl Jasmonate: Behavioral and Molecular Implications in Neurological Disorders. CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE 2021; 19:220-232. [PMID: 33888651 PMCID: PMC8077066 DOI: 10.9758/cpn.2021.19.2.220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Methyl jasmonate (MJ) is a derivative of the jasmonate family which is found in most tropical regions of the world and present in many fruits and vegetables such as grapevines, tomato, rice, and sugarcane. MJ is a cyclopentanone phytohormone that plays a vital role in defense against stress and pathogens in plants. This has led to its isolation from plants for studies in animals. Many of these studies have been carried out to evaluate its therapeutic effects on behavioral and neurochemical functions. It has however been proposed to have beneficial potential over a wide range of neurological disorders. Hence, this review aims to provide an overview of the neuroprotective properties of MJ and its probable mechanisms of ameliorating neurological disorders. The information used for this review was sourced from research articles and scientific databases using 'methyl jasmonate', 'behavior', 'neuroprotection', 'neurodegenerative diseases', and 'mechanisms' as search words. The review highlights its influences on behavioral patterns of anxiety, aggression, depression, memory, psychotic, and stress. The molecular mechanisms such as modulation of the antioxidant defense, inflammatory biomarkers, neurotransmitter regulation, and neuronal regeneration, underlying its actions in managing neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases are also discussed. This review, therefore, provides a detailed evaluation of methyl jasmonate as a potential neuroprotective compound with the ability to modify behavioral and molecular biomarkers underlying neurological disorders. Hence, MJ could be modeled as a guided treatment for the management of brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oritoke Modupe Aluko
- Department of Physiology, School of Health and Health Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.,The Neuro-Lab, School of Health and Health Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Joy Dubem Iroegbu
- The Neuro-Lab, School of Health and Health Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Omamuyovwi Meashack Ijomone
- The Neuro-Lab, School of Health and Health Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.,Department of Human Anatomy, School of Health and Health Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Solomon Umukoro
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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19
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Sohn E, Kim YJ, Kim JH, Jeong SJ. Ficus erecta Thunb Leaves Alleviate Memory Loss Induced by Scopolamine in Mice via Regulation of Oxidative Stress and Cholinergic System. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:3665-3676. [PMID: 33797061 PMCID: PMC8280041 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02358-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We examined the neuropharmacological effects of ethanol extract of Ficus erecta Thunb leaves (EEFE) on cognitive dysfunction in a scopolamine (SCO)-induced memory impairment animal model. Memory impairment was measured using the Y-maze test and passive avoidance task (PAT). For 19 days, EEFE (100 or 200 mg/kg) was treated through oral administration. Treatment with EEFE ameliorated memory impairment in behavioral tests, along with significant protection from neuronal oxidative stress and neuronal cell loss in the brain tissues of SCO-injected mice. Antioxidant and neuroprotective effects of EEFE were further confirmed using in vitro assays. Our findings indicate that the mechanisms of neuroprotection and antioxidation of EEFE are regulated by the cholinergic system, promotion of cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) phosphorylation, and the nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase (HO)-1 signaling activation. The current study proposes that EEFE could be an encouraging plant resource and serve as a potent neuropharmacological drug candidate against neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunjin Sohn
- Clinical Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, 34054, South Korea.
| | - Yu Jin Kim
- Clinical Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, 34054, South Korea
| | - Joo-Hwan Kim
- Department of Life Science, Gachon University, Seongnam, 21936, South Korea
| | - Soo-Jin Jeong
- Clinical Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, 34054, South Korea.
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20
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Aluko OM, Umukoro S. Methyl jasmonate reverses chronic stress-induced memory dysfunctions through modulation of monoaminergic neurotransmission, antioxidant defense system, and Nrf2 expressions. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2020; 393:2339-2353. [PMID: 32666287 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-020-01939-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) has been shown to cause memory loss via increased oxidative stress and deregulation of monoaminergic and cholinergic neurotransmissions. Although the benefits of methyl jasmonate (MJ), a well-known anti-stress plant hormone against chronic stress-induced psychopathologies, have been earlier reported, its effects on antioxidant defense molecules, monoaminergic transmitters, and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) immunopositive cells have not been extensively studied. The present study was designed to examine its effect on memory functions, antioxidant biomarkers, monoaminergic transmitters, and Nrf2 immunopositive cell expression in rats exposed to UCMS. Rats received an intraperitoneal injection of MJ (10, 25, and 50 mg/kg) 30 min before exposure to UCMS daily for 28 days. Memory function was assessed on day 29 using a modified elevated plus maze and novel object recognition tests. The antioxidant biomarkers, level of monoamines (serotonin, noradrenaline, and dopamine), and Nrf2 immunopositive cell expression were determined in the rat brain tissues. The activity of cholinesterase and monoamine oxidase enzymes was also determined. MJ attenuated memory deficits and elevated the brain levels of monoamines in UCMS rats. UCMS-induced increase of brain cholinesterase and monoamine oxidase activities was inhibited by MJ. Also, MJ attenuated UCMS-induced decrease in antioxidant enzymes (CAT, GPx, GST, and SOD) and thiol contents in the brains of rats. UCMS-induced increase in NO level and Nrf2 immunopositive cell expression in the rat's brain was attenuated by MJ. Taken together, these findings suggest that increasing antioxidant defense molecules and monoaminergic/cholinergic neurotransmitters and decreasing the Nrf2 immunopositive cell expressions may contribute to the memory-promoting effects of MJ in rats exposed to UCMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oritoke M Aluko
- Department of Physiology, School of Health and Health Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
| | - Solomon Umukoro
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Omogbiya AI, Ben-Azu B, Eduviere AT, Eneni AEO, Nwokoye PO, Ajayi AM, Umukoro S. Monosodium glutamate induces memory and hepatic dysfunctions in mice: ameliorative role of Jobelyn ® through the augmentation of cellular antioxidant defense machineries. Toxicol Res 2020; 37:323-335. [PMID: 34295796 DOI: 10.1007/s43188-020-00068-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of high doses of monosodium glutamate (MSG), a known food additive on hepatic, memory and locomotor functions in mice, and the ameliorative potentials of Jobelyn® (JB), a unique dietary supplement. Twenty four male Swiss mice divided into 4 groups (n = 6) were given MSG (2, 4 and 8 g/kg) or normal saline (10 mL/kg) orally for 14 days. In the intervention study, another set of 30 male Swiss mice distributed into 5 groups (n = 6) received normal saline, MSG (8 g/kg) alone or in combination with JB (5, 10 and 20 mg/kg) orally, for 14 days. Memory and locomotor functions as well as brain oxido-nitrergic stress biomarkers were then assessed in both studies. The hepatic oxido-nitrergic stress biomarkers, liver enzymes functions and histomorphology of the liver were also assessed. MSG (2, 4 and 8 g/kg) produced memory dysfunction, hyperlocomotion, increased malondialdehyde and nitrite levels accompanied by decreased antioxidant status in the brain and hepatic tissues. MSG-treated mice had increased hepatic enzyme activities (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase) and distorted cyto-architectural integrity of the liver. These findings further suggest that MSG compromised hepatic functioning, which might also contribute to its neurotoxicity. However, JB (5, 10 and 20 mg/kg, p.o) attenuated the memory deficit, hyperlocomotion, increased oxido-nitrergic stress responses in the brain and hepatic tissues induced by MSG (8 g/kg, p.o). JB also normalized hepatic enzymes activities and histomorphological changes in MSG-treated mice. Taken together, JB mitigated MSG-induced toxicity through mechanisms relating to enhancement of cellular antioxidant-machineries and normalization of hepatic enzymatic functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Itivere Omogbiya
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State Nigeria
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State Nigeria
| | - Benneth Ben-Azu
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State Nigeria
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, PAMO University of Medical Sciences, Port-Harcourt, Rivers State Nigeria
| | - Anthony Taghogho Eduviere
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State Nigeria
| | - Aya-Ebi Okubo Eneni
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State Nigeria
| | - Prisilla O Nwokoye
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State Nigeria
| | - Abayomi Mayowa Ajayi
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State Nigeria
| | - Solomon Umukoro
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State Nigeria
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Fakhri S, Pesce M, Patruno A, Moradi SZ, Iranpanah A, Farzaei MH, Sobarzo-Sánchez E. Attenuation of Nrf2/Keap1/ARE in Alzheimer's Disease by Plant Secondary Metabolites: A Mechanistic Review. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25214926. [PMID: 33114450 PMCID: PMC7663041 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25214926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neuronal/cognitional dysfunction, leading to disability and death. Despite advances in revealing the pathophysiological mechanisms behind AD, no effective treatment has yet been provided. It urges the need for finding novel multi-target agents in combating the complex dysregulated mechanisms in AD. Amongst the dysregulated pathophysiological pathways in AD, oxidative stress seems to play a critical role in the pathogenesis progression of AD, with a dominant role of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/Kelch-like ECH-associated protein-1 (Keap1)/antioxidant responsive elements (ARE) pathway. In the present study, a comprehensive review was conducted using the existing electronic databases, including PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, and Scopus, as well as related articles in the field. Nrf2/Keap1/ARE has shown to be the upstream orchestrate of oxidative pathways, which also ameliorates various inflammatory and apoptotic pathways. So, developing multi-target agents with higher efficacy and lower side effects could pave the road in the prevention/management of AD. The plant kingdom is now a great source of natural secondary metabolites in targeting Nrf2/Keap1/ARE. Among natural entities, phenolic compounds, alkaloids, terpene/terpenoids, carotenoids, sulfur-compounds, as well as some other miscellaneous plant-derived compounds have shown promising future accordingly. Prevailing evidence has shown that activating Nrf2/ARE and downstream antioxidant enzymes, as well as inhibiting Keap1 could play hopeful roles in overcoming AD. The current review highlights the neuroprotective effects of plant secondary metabolites through targeting Nrf2/Keap1/ARE and downstream interconnected mediators in combating AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran; (S.F.); (S.Z.M.)
| | - Mirko Pesce
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio CH-PE, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Antonia Patruno
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio CH-PE, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
- Correspondence: (A.P.); (M.H.F.)
| | - Seyed Zachariah Moradi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran; (S.F.); (S.Z.M.)
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran
| | - Amin Iranpanah
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714415153, Iran;
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran; (S.F.); (S.Z.M.)
- Correspondence: (A.P.); (M.H.F.)
| | - Eduardo Sobarzo-Sánchez
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Salud, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Central de Chile, Santiago 8330507, Chile
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Ajayi AM, Chidebe EO, Ben-Azu B, Umukoro S. Chrysophyllum albidum (African star apple) fruit-supplemented diet enhances cognitive functions and attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced memory impairment, oxidative stress, and release of proinflammatory cytokines. NUTRIRE : REVISTA DE SOCIEDADE BRASILEIRA DE ALIMENTACAO E NUTRICAO = JOURNAL OF THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY OF FOOD AND NUTRITION 2020; 45:20. [PMID: 38624427 PMCID: PMC7448960 DOI: 10.1186/s41110-020-00123-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Fruit-based supplement has an important role in protecting the brain against oxido-inflammatory stress. Chrysophyllum albidum fruit contained several phytonutrients that possess antioxidants and anti-inflammatory properties. Hence, this study investigated the effect of C. albidum fruit supplemented diet (CAFD) on cognitive functions and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced memory impairment and oxido-inflammatory response in mice. Methods Mice were randomized into two experiments. Experiment 1 with naïve mice contained four groups (n = 6) while experiment 2 with LPS contains five groups (n = 6). Mice in experiments 1 and 2 were fed on CAFD (5%, 10%, and 20%) in naïve (6 weeks) and LPS (250 μg/kg, i.p.) in the 7th week, respectively. Cognitive performance was tested using Y-maze test (YMT) and novel object recognition test (NORT) in the naïve and LPS mice. Brain samples were obtained for determination of oxido-inflammatory parameters and acetylcholinesterase activity. Results The CAFD significantly enhanced cognitive performance in the YMT and NORT in naïve and LPS mice, as evidenced by increased % alternation and discrimination index, respectively. CAFD supplementation significantly reduced acetylcholinesterase enzyme activity while it attenuated depletion of reduced glutathione and catalase activities in brains of naive and LPS-treated animals. The CAFD significantly reduced LPS-induced increased malondialdehyde levels in mice brains. CAFD supplementation significantly attenuated LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α) in mice brains. Conclusion Chrysophyllum albidum fruit supplementation in diet enhances memory function and prevents cognitive deficits induced by LPS via mechanisms associated with inhibition of oxidative stress-related processes, acetylcholinesterase activity, and pro-inflammatory mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abayomi Mayowa Ajayi
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State Nigeria
| | - Emmanuel Oyinyechukwu Chidebe
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State Nigeria
| | - Benneth Ben-Azu
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State Nigeria
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, PAMO University of Medical Sciences, Port Harcourt, Rivers State Nigeria
| | - Solomon Umukoro
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State Nigeria
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Umukoro S, Okoh L, Igweze SC, Ajayi AM, Ben-Azu B. Protective effect of Cyperus esculentus (tiger nut) extract against scopolamine-induced memory loss and oxidative stress in mouse brain. Drug Metab Pers Ther 2020; 35:dmpt-2020-0112. [PMID: 32776896 DOI: 10.1515/dmpt-2020-0112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Objectives The juice extract of Cyperus esculentus commonly known as tiger nuts (TINUT) is widely used for its numerous health promoting effects including alleviation of symptoms associated with neurological disorders. Herein, we investigated the influence of the aqueous extract of C. esculentus on cognitive disorder and the underlying changes in acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and oxidative stress biomarkers in mice exposed to scopolamine. Methods C. esculentus (50-200 mg/kg) or saline (10 mL/kg) was given alone or with scopolamine 30 min after, to male Swiss mice (6/group) daily for seven days. We evaluated the cognitive performance using Y-maze and object recognition on day seven post-treatment. Brains of the animals were afterwards processed for spectrophotometric determination of AChE activity and contents of oxidative stress biomarkers (malondialdehyde [MDA], glutathione [GSH], catalase, superoxide dismutase and nitrite). Results The extract improves cognitive function and also upturned scopolamine amnesia in mice. The extract markedly reduced brain AChE, MDA, and nitrite contents in mice injected with scopolamine (p<0.05). It also attenuated scopolamine-induced deregulated GSH contents and antioxidant enzymes in mouse brain. Conclusions The results of this study suggest that regular consumption of TINUT might offer beneficial effects in memory-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solomon Umukoro
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Love Okoh
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Sylvester C Igweze
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Abayomi M Ajayi
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Benneth Ben-Azu
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Pamo University of Medical Sciences, Port Harcourt, River States, Nigeria
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25
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Neuroprotective effect of red quinoa seeds extract on scopolamine-induced declarative memory deficits in mice: The role of acetylcholinesterase and oxidative stress. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.103958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
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26
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Luchese C, Vogt AG, Pinz MP, Dos Reis AS, Gomes CB, Alves D, Wilhelm EA. Amnesia-ameliorative effect of a quinoline derivative through regulation of oxidative/cholinergic systems and Na +/K +-ATPase activity in mice. Metab Brain Dis 2020; 35:589-600. [PMID: 32048104 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-020-00535-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The present study evaluated the anti-amnesic activity of 1-(7-chloroquinolin-4-yl)-5-methyl-N-phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carboxamide (QTCA-1) against scopolamine (SCO)-induced amnesia in mice. It was evaluated cholinergic dysfunction, oxidative stress and Na+/K+-ATPase activity in cerebral cortex and hippocampus of mice. Male Swiss mice were treated with QTCA-1 (10 mg/kg, intragastrically (i.g.), daily) for nine days. Thirty minutes after the treatment with compound, the animals received a injection of SCO (0.4 mg/kg, intraperitoneally (i.p.)). Mice were submitted to the behavioral tasks 30 min after injection of SCO (Barnes maze, open-field, object recognition and location, and step-down inhibitory avoidance tasks) during nine days. In day 9, cerebral cortex and hippocampus of mice were removed to determine the thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) levels, and catalase (CAT), Na+/K+-ATPase and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities. SCO caused amnesia in mice for changing in step-down inhibitory avoidance, Barnes maze, and object recognition and object location tasks. QTCA-1 treatment attenuated the behavioral changes caused by SCO. Moreover, SCO increased AChE and CAT activities, decreased Na+/K+-ATPase activity and increased TBARS levels in the cerebral structures of mice. QTCA-1 protected against these brain changes. In conclusion, QTCA-1 had anti-amnesic action in the experimental model used in the present study, through the anticholinesterase effect, modulation of Na+/K+-ATPase activity and antioxidant action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane Luchese
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Laboratório de Pesquisa em Farmacologia Bioquímica (LaFarBio), Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurobiotecnologia (GPN), Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), CEP 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
| | - Ane G Vogt
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Laboratório de Pesquisa em Farmacologia Bioquímica (LaFarBio), Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurobiotecnologia (GPN), Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), CEP 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Mikaela P Pinz
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Laboratório de Pesquisa em Farmacologia Bioquímica (LaFarBio), Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurobiotecnologia (GPN), Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), CEP 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Angélica S Dos Reis
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Laboratório de Pesquisa em Farmacologia Bioquímica (LaFarBio), Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurobiotecnologia (GPN), Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), CEP 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Carolina B Gomes
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Química, Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Limpa - (LASOL), Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), P.O. Box 354, Pelotas, RS, 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Diego Alves
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Química, Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Limpa - (LASOL), Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), P.O. Box 354, Pelotas, RS, 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Ethel A Wilhelm
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Laboratório de Pesquisa em Farmacologia Bioquímica (LaFarBio), Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurobiotecnologia (GPN), Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), CEP 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
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Emokpae O, Ben-Azu B, Ajayi AM, Umukoro S. D-ribose-L-cysteine enhances memory task, attenuates oxidative stress and acetyl-cholinesterase activity in scopolamine amnesic mice. Drug Dev Res 2020; 81:620-627. [PMID: 32219881 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
d-Ribose-l-cysteine (DRLC) is an analogue of cysteine that has been shown to boost cellular antioxidant capacity by enhancing intracellular biosynthesis of glutathione (GSH). Deficiency of GSH has been implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder associated with loss of memory. Thus, the use of antioxidants to prevent or retard the progression of memory deteriorations in persons with AD has been the focus of intense investigations. This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of DRLC on memory and scopolamine-induced amnesia, acetyl-cholinesterase activity, and oxidative stress in mice. Male Swiss mice were given oral administration of saline (10 ml/kg), DRLC (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) or donepezil (1 mg/kg) 30 min before testing for memory performance using Y-maze and object recognition models. Another set of mice were also pretreated orally with saline, DRLC (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) or donepezil (1 mg/kg) but in combination with scopolamine (3 mg/kg, i.p.) daily for 7 days. Thirty minutes after treatment on Day 7, memory function was then evaluated. The brain levels of acetyl-cholinesterase and oxidative stress parameters were assayed. DRLC significantly (p < .05) enhanced memory performance and attenuated scopolamine-induced amnesia. Increased acetyl-cholinesterase activity and oxidative stress, as shown by decreased antioxidant substrates (glutathione and catalase) and elevated malondialdehyde contents in mice with scopolamine amnesia were also attenuated by DRLC. Our findings suggest that inhibition of oxidative stress and acetyl-cholinesterase activity might contribute to the potential benefit of DRLC in persons with amnesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osagie Emokpae
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Benneth Ben-Azu
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, PAMO University of Medical Sciences, Port Harcourt, River States, Nigeria
| | - Abayomi M Ajayi
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Solomon Umukoro
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Provenzano F, Sánchez JL, Rao E, Santonocito R, Ditta LA, Borrás Linares I, Passantino R, Campisi P, Dia MG, Costa MA, Segura-Carretero A, San Biagio PL, Giacomazza D. Water Extract of Cryphaea heteromalla (Hedw.) D. Mohr Bryophyte as a Natural Powerful Source of Biologically Active Compounds. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20225560. [PMID: 31703399 PMCID: PMC6887972 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bryophytes comprise of the mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. Cryphaea heteromalla, (Hedw.) D. Mohr, is a non-vascular lower plant belonging to mosses group. To the date, the most chemically characterized species belong to the liverworts, while only 3.2% and 8.8% of the species belonging to the mosses and hornworts, respectively, have been investigated. In this work, we present Folin-Ciocalteu and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) data related to crude extracts of C. heteromalla obtained by three different extraction solvents: pure water (WT), methanol:water (80:20 v/v) (MET), and ethanol:water (80:20 v/v) (ETH). The water extract proved to be the best solvent showing the highest content of biophenols and the highest ORAC value. The C. heteromalla-WT extract was investigated by HPLC-TOF/MS (High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Time of Flight/Mass Spectrometry) allowing for the detection of 14 compounds, five of which were phenolic compounds, derivatives of benzoic, caffeic, and coumaric acids. Moreover, the C. heteromalla WT extract showed a protective effect against reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation induced by tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBH) on the murine NIH-3T3 fibroblast cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiorenza Provenzano
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via U. La Malfa, 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (F.P.); (E.R.); (R.S.); (L.A.D.); (R.P.); (D.G.)
| | - Jesús Lozano Sánchez
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Granada, Campus Universitario s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain;
- Center of Research and Development of Functional Food, Health Science Technological Park, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n, 18100 Granada, Spain; (I.B.L.); (A.S.-C.)
| | - Estella Rao
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via U. La Malfa, 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (F.P.); (E.R.); (R.S.); (L.A.D.); (R.P.); (D.G.)
| | - Radha Santonocito
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via U. La Malfa, 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (F.P.); (E.R.); (R.S.); (L.A.D.); (R.P.); (D.G.)
| | - Lorena Anna Ditta
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via U. La Malfa, 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (F.P.); (E.R.); (R.S.); (L.A.D.); (R.P.); (D.G.)
| | - Isabel Borrás Linares
- Center of Research and Development of Functional Food, Health Science Technological Park, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n, 18100 Granada, Spain; (I.B.L.); (A.S.-C.)
| | - Rosa Passantino
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via U. La Malfa, 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (F.P.); (E.R.); (R.S.); (L.A.D.); (R.P.); (D.G.)
| | - Patrizia Campisi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, Via Archirafi 38, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (P.C.)
| | - Maria Giovanna Dia
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, Via Archirafi 38, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (P.C.)
| | - Maria Assunta Costa
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via U. La Malfa, 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (F.P.); (E.R.); (R.S.); (L.A.D.); (R.P.); (D.G.)
- Correspondence: (M.A.C.); (P.L.S.B.)
| | - Antonio Segura-Carretero
- Center of Research and Development of Functional Food, Health Science Technological Park, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n, 18100 Granada, Spain; (I.B.L.); (A.S.-C.)
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Pier Luigi San Biagio
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via U. La Malfa, 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (F.P.); (E.R.); (R.S.); (L.A.D.); (R.P.); (D.G.)
- Correspondence: (M.A.C.); (P.L.S.B.)
| | - Daniela Giacomazza
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via U. La Malfa, 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (F.P.); (E.R.); (R.S.); (L.A.D.); (R.P.); (D.G.)
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Methyl Jasmonate Reduces Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in the Brain of Arthritic Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8100485. [PMID: 31618993 PMCID: PMC6826661 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8100485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Methyl jasmonate (MeJA), common in the plant kingdom, is capable of reducing articular and hepatic inflammation and oxidative stress in adjuvant-induced arthritic rats. This study investigated the actions of orally administered MeJA (75–300 mg/kg) on inflammation, oxidative stress and selected enzyme activities in the brain of Holtzman rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis. MeJA prevented the arthritis-induced increased levels of nitrites, nitrates, lipid peroxides, protein carbonyls and reactive oxygen species (ROS). It also prevented the enhanced activities of myeloperoxidase and xanthine oxidase. Conversely, the diminished catalase and superoxide dismutase activities and glutathione (GSH) levels caused by arthritis were totally or partially prevented. Furthermore, MeJA increased the activity of the mitochondrial isocitrate dehydrogenase, which helps to supply NADPH for the mitochondrial glutathione cycle, possibly contributing to the partial recovery of the GSH/oxidized glutathione (GSSG) ratio. These positive actions on the antioxidant defenses may counterbalance the effects of MeJA as enhancer of ROS production in the mitochondrial respiratory chain. A negative effect of MeJA is the detachment of hexokinase from the mitochondria, which can potentially impair glucose phosphorylation and metabolism. In overall terms, however, it can be concluded that MeJA attenuates to a considerable extent the negative effects caused by arthritis in terms of inflammation and oxidative stress.
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Gunjegaonkar S, Shanmugarajan T. Molecular mechanism of plant stress hormone methyl jasmonate for its anti-inflammatory activity. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2019; 14:e1642038. [PMID: 31314659 PMCID: PMC6768180 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2019.1642038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Plant stress hormones (Phytohormones/PTH) are abundantly present in numerous vascular plants. Several classes of plant stress hormones like auxins (AU) & gibberellins (GA), cytokinins (CK), abscisic acid (ABA), ethylene (ET), salicylic acid (SA), jasmonates (JA), brassinosteroids (BR) and strigolactones are synthesized within specialized plant cells. Among them, jasmonate are prominent class of stress hormones involved in survival of plants in stressful conditions. Methyl jasmonate (MeJA) is ester of jasmonic acid is extensively studied for its potential clinical benefits. MeJA is used as an effective antimicrobial agent, food preservative, antioxidant in food and agricultural sectors. The clinical benefits of MeJA have been related to their prominent interactions with inflammatory NF-κB pathways, inhibition of enzymes, gene expression for synthesis of inflammatory mediators, signaling molecules, oxidative stress and modulation of pain perception/nociceptive responses. The objective of the present review is to provide an cohesive relation of MeJA in inflammation with reference to past and recent in-vivo and in-vitro investigations in broad perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- S.M. Gunjegaonkar
- Department of Pharmacology, JSPM’s Charak College of Pharmacy and Research, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - T.S. Shanmugarajan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutics, Vels Institute of Science, Technology and Advanced Studies, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Ben-Azu B, Nwoke EE, Aderibigbe AO, Omogbiya IA, Ajayi AM, Olonode ET, Umukoro S, Iwalewa EO. Possible neuroprotective mechanisms of action involved in the neurobehavioral property of naringin in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 109:536-546. [PMID: 30399589 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are naturally occurring bioactive phytochemical metabolites widely known to prevent and suppress several human diseases, and are important sources of therapeutic compounds from plants. Evidence derived from previous studies suggests that naringin, a neuroactive flavonoid possess functional beneficial neurobehavioral effects including anxiolytic, antidepressant and memory enhancing properties. However, literature search revealed that no studies have been carried out to evaluate the possible biochemical mechanisms involved in the neurobehavioral property of naringin alone following repeated treatment. Hence, this study was designed to evaluate the possible neuro-biochemical mechanisms involved in the neurobehavioral property of naringin following repeated administration in mice. The effects of naringin (2.5, 5 and 10 mg/kg), diazepam (2 mg/kg), imipramine (15 mg/kg) and donepezil (1 mg/kg) or vehicle on neurobehavioral and biochemical effects were evaluated in mice following repeated intraperitoneal injection for 7 consecutive days. Neurobehavioral activities consisting of open-field (locomotor), elevated-plus maze (anxiolytic), forced swim and social interaction (antidepressant and social preference), and Y-maze (memory enhancing) tests were assessed. Thereafter, brains levels of biomarkers of oxidative, nitrosative and cholinergic parameters were determined. Repeated treatment with naringin produced increased locomotor activity, and demonstrated antidepressant-like effects evidenced by decreased immobility time in forced swim test and increased % social preference in the social interaction test relative to controls. Also, naringin induced anxiolytic-like effect and increased cognitive performance in mice. Mechanistically, naringin significantly increased the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase, and glutathione concentration relative to vehicle-controls. However, naringin significantly decreased malondialdehyde and nitrite contents, and reduced brain acetylcholinesterase activity in mice brains in a significant manner relative to controls. Taken together, these findings suggest that treatment with naringin might be useful to produce functional behavioral effects via mechanisms related to enhancement of cholinergic transmission, antioxidant defense systems, inhibition of lipid peroxidation and nitrosative processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benneth Ben-Azu
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
| | - Ekene Enekabokom Nwoke
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria
| | - Adegbuyi Oladele Aderibigbe
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Itivere Adrian Omogbiya
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria
| | - Abayomi Mayowa Ajayi
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Elizabeth Toyin Olonode
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Solomon Umukoro
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Ezekiel O Iwalewa
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
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Umukoro S, Adeola AH, Ben-Azu B, Ajayi AM. Lemon Grass Tea Enhanced Memory Function and Attenuated Scopolamine-Induced Amnesia in Mice Via Inhibition of Oxidative Stress and Acetyl-Cholinesterase Activity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/10496475.2018.1520777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Solomon Umukoro
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Adeyinka Habeeb Adeola
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Benneth Ben-Azu
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Abayomi M. Ajayi
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Jiao-Tai-Wan Improves Cognitive Dysfunctions through Cholinergic Pathway in Scopolamine-Treated Mice. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:3538763. [PMID: 30050927 PMCID: PMC6040267 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3538763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive dysfunction is characterized as the gradual loss of learning ability and cognitive function, as well as memory impairment. Jiao-tai-wan (JTW), a Chinese medicine prescription including Coptis chinensis and cinnamon, is mainly used for the treatment of insomnia, while the effect of JTW in improving cognitive function has not been reported. In this study, we employed a scopolamine- (SCOP-) treated learning and memory deficit model to explore whether JTW could alleviate cognitive dysfunction. In behavioral experiments, Morris water maze, Y-maze, fearing condition test, and novel object discrimination test were conducted. Results showed that oral administration of JTW (2.1 g/kg, 4.2 g/kg, and 8.4 g/kg) can effectively promote the ability of spatial recognition, learning and memory, and the memory ability of fresh things of SCOP-treated mice. In addition, the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was effectively decreased; the activity of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and concentration of acetylcholine (Ach) were improved after JTW treatment in both hippocampus and cortex of SCOP-treated mice. JTW effectively ameliorated oxidative stress because of decreased the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in hippocampus and cortex. Furthermore, JTW promotes the expressions of neurotrophic factors including postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95) and synaptophysin (SYN) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in both hippocampus and cortex. Nissl's staining shows that the neuroprotective effect of JTW was very effective. To sum up, JTW might be a promising candidate for the treatment of cognitive dysfunction.
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Umukoro S, Adebesin A, Agu G, Omorogbe O, Asehinde SB. Antidepressant-like activity of methyl jasmonate involves modulation of monoaminergic pathways in mice. Adv Med Sci 2018; 63:36-42. [PMID: 28818747 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2017.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The efficacy of current antidepressant drugs has been compromised by adverse effects, low remission and delay onset of action necessitating the search for alternative agents. Methyl jasmonate (MJ), a bioactive compound isolated from Jasminum grandiflorum has been shown to demonstrate antidepressant activity but its mechanism of action remains unknown. Thus, the role of monoaminergic systems in the antidepression-like activity of MJ was investigated in this study. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mice were given i.p. injection of MJ (5, 10 and 20mg/kg), imipramine (10mg/kg) and vehicle (10mL/kg) 30min before the forced swim test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST) were carried out. The involvement of monoaminergic systems in the anti-depressant-like effect of MJ (20mg/kg) was evaluated using p-chlorophenylalanine (pCPA), metergoline, yohimbine, prazosin, sulpiride and haloperidol in the TST. RESULTS MJ significantly decrease the duration of immobility in the FST and TST relative to control suggesting antidepressant-like property. However, pretreatment with yohimbine (1mg/kg, i.p., an α2-adrenergic receptor antagonist) or prazosin (62.5μg/kg, i.p., an α1-adrenoceptor antagonist) attenuated the antidepressant-like activity of MJ. Also, pCPA; an inhibitor of serotonin biosynthesis (100mg/kg, i.p) or metergoline (4mg/kg, i.p., 5-HT2 receptor antagonist) reversed the anti-immobility effect of MJ. Sulpiride (50mg/kg, i.p., a D2 receptor antagonist) or haloperidol (0.2mg/kg, i.p., a dopamine receptor antagonist) reversed the anti-immobility effect of MJ. CONCLUSION The results of this study suggest that serotonergic, noradrenergic and dopaminergic systems may play a role in the antidepressant-like activity of MJ.
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Abstract
Neuroinflammation contributes to the neurodegenerative processes in Alzheimer’s disease (AD); therefore, characterization of novel drug candidates aimed at combatting inflammation in the central nervous system is one of the potential avenues for the development of effective AD treatment and prevention strategies. Non-neuronal microglial cells orchestrate neuroinflammatory reactions, and their adverse activation has been linked to AD pathogenesis. Methyl jasmonate (MJ) has anti-cancer properties and has also been shown to reduce peripheral inflammation in pre-clinical models. Recently, anti-neuroinflammatory activity of MJ was demonstrated in mice, but the exact cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for this beneficial effect are unknown. We hypothesized that MJ can regulate select microglial functions, and used two different in vitro models of microglia to test this hypothesis. MJ inhibited the production of damaging reactive oxygen species by differentiated human HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cells without reducing their viability. MJ also selectively upregulated phagocytic activity of murine BV-2 microglia, but had no effect on nitric oxide secretion by these cells. Since microglial phagocytosis can be beneficial for clearance of amyloid β aggregates in AD, the observed upregulation of phagocytic activity by MJ, combined with its inhibitory effect on reactive oxygen species production, supports continued studies of MJ as a candidate drug for managing adverse neuroinflammation in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan A McKenzie
- Biology Department, University of British Columbia Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - Andis Klegeris
- Biology Department, University of British Columbia Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, BC, Canada
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Russell VA. Notes on the Recent History of Neuroscience in Africa. Front Neuroanat 2017; 11:96. [PMID: 29163069 PMCID: PMC5681988 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2017.00096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroscience began with neuroanatomy and neurosurgery in Egypt more than 5000 years ago. Knowledge grew over time and specialized neurosurgery centers were established in north Africa in the eleventh century. However, it was not until the twentieth century that neuroscience research became established in sub-Saharan Africa. In most African countries, clinical research focused on understanding the rationale and improving treatment of epilepsy, infections, nutritional neuropathies, stroke and tumors. Significant advances were made. In the twenty-first century, African knowledge expanded to include all branches of neuroscience, contributing to genetic, biochemical and inflammatory determinants of brain disorders. A major focus of basic neuroscience research has been, and is, investigation of plant extracts, drugs and stress in animal models, providing insight and identifying potential novel therapies. A significant event in the history of African neuroscience was the founding of the Society of Neuroscientists of Africa (SONA) in 1993. The International Brain Research Organization (IBRO) supported SONA conferences, as well as workshops and neuroscience training schools in Africa. Thanks to their investment, as well as that of funding agencies, such as the National Institutes of Health (NIH), International Society for Neurochemistry (ISN), World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS), World Federation of Neurology (WFN) and the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE), neuroscience research is well-established in Africa today. However, in order to continue to develop, African neuroscience needs continued international support and African neuroscientists need to engage in policy and decision-making to persuade governments to fund studies that address the unique regional needs in Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivienne A Russell
- Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa.,School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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Adebesin A, Adeoluwa OA, Eduviere AT, Umukoro S. Methyl jasmonate attenuated lipopolysaccharide-induced depressive-like behaviour in mice. J Psychiatr Res 2017. [PMID: 28647678 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2017.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Depression is a recurrent neuropsychiatric disorder that affects millions of individuals worldwide and impact negatively on the patients' social functions and quality of life. Studies have shown that i.p injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces depressive-like behavior in rodents via induction of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. Methyl jasmonate (MJ), an isolated compound from jasmine plant has gained reputation in aromatherapy for treatment of depression, nervousness and memory deficits. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of MJ on LPS-induced depressive-like behavior in mice. Mice were given MJ (5-20 mg/kg), imipramine (10 mg/kg) or vehicle (10 mL/kg) intraperitoneally for 7 consecutive days. On day 7, treatment was carried out 30 min prior to i.p injection of LPS (830 μg/kg). Twenty four hours after LPS administration, tail suspension, forced swim and sucrose preference tests were carried out. Thereafter, serum corticosterone levels were determined using ELISA. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were determined in brain tissue homogenates. LPS significantly increased immobility time in the tail suspension and forced swim tests when compared with vehicle (p < 0.05), which indicates depressive-like syndromes. However, the increased immobility time was significantly reduced by MJ (5-20 mg/kg) when compared with LPS-treated group. LPS administration also altered the levels of MDA, GSH, corticosterone and TNF alpha in mice, which was significantly reversed by MJ. These findings suggest that attenuation of LPS-induced depressive-like behavior by MJ may be related to suppression of oxidative stress and release of TNF alpha.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adaeze Adebesin
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Olusegun A Adeoluwa
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Anthony T Eduviere
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Solomon Umukoro
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
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Alzoubi KH, Rawashdeh NQ, Khabour OF, El-Elimat T, Albataineh H, Al-Zghool HM, Alali FQ. Evaluation of the Effect of Moringa peregrina Extract on Learning and Memory: Role of Oxidative Stress. J Mol Neurosci 2017; 63:355-363. [DOI: 10.1007/s12031-017-0986-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Besson JCF, de Carvalho Picoli C, Matioli G, Natali MRM. Methyl jasmonate: a phytohormone with potential for the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 70:178-190. [PMID: 29072315 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The phytohormone methyl jasmonate (MeJA) has been identified as a vital cell regulator in plants. This substance is analogous to eicosanoids and similar to that of anti-inflammatory prostaglandins. In animals and in animal cells, it displayed an efficient neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant action; while in tumoral strains, it demonstrates a potentially highly attractive mechanism of apoptosis induction through various cellular and molecular mechanisms. The aim of the present review was to explore two new hypotheses that explain the action of MeJA, a lipid phytohormone and its potentially anti-apoptotic mechanism for use as a therapeutic target for future treatment of Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). KEY FINDINGS Methyl jasmonate is a new candidate for the treatment of IBDs, modulating the expression of the major classes of caspase-type protease families that selectively act on the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways of the apoptotic process. Its action is based on the reduction of the expression in tumour necrosis factor tissue levels and the modulating action of reactive oxygen species production, acting only on the destruction of cells that express the diseased phenotype, and preserving cells that are not transformed. CONCLUSIONS Methyl jasmonate may represent an alternative for the transduction processes of important signals in the cellular renewal of the intestinal mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Graciette Matioli
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
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Adebesin A, Ajayi AM, Olonode EO, Omorogbe O, Umukoro S. Methyl Jasmonate Ameliorates Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress-Induced Behavioral and Biochemical Alterations in Mouse Brain. Drug Dev Res 2017; 78:381-389. [DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Adaeze Adebesin
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of medicine; University of Ibadan; Ibadan Nigeria
| | - Abayomi M. Ajayi
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of medicine; University of Ibadan; Ibadan Nigeria
| | - Elizabeth O. Olonode
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences; Afe Babalola University; Ado-Ekiti Nigeria
| | - Osarume Omorogbe
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of medicine; University of Ibadan; Ibadan Nigeria
| | - Solomon Umukoro
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of medicine; University of Ibadan; Ibadan Nigeria
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Chen L, Wei ML, Zhao JJ, Hong H, Qu W, Feng F, Liu WY. GTS40, an active fraction of Gou Teng-San (GTS), protects PC12 from H 2O 2-induced cell injury through antioxidative properties. Chin J Nat Med 2017; 15:495-504. [PMID: 28807223 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(17)30075-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2016] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress, a predominant cause of apoptosis cascades triggered in neurodegenerative disorders, has been regarded as a critical inducement in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Gou Teng-San (GTS) is a traditional Chinese herbs preparation commonly utilized to alleviate cognitive dysfunction and psychological symptoms of patients with dementia. The present study aimed to investigate the protective effects of GTS40, an active fraction of GTS, on H2O2-induced oxidative damage and identify the potential active ingredients. Our results revealed that GTS40 exhibited radical scavenging activity, elevated cell viability, decreased the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), and stabilized mitochondrial transmembrane potential (MMP) in H2O2-treated PC12 cells. In addition, GTS40 blocked the apoptotic cascade by reversing the imbalance of Bcl-2/Bax and inhibiting the activity of caspase-3. Furthermore, an HPLC-QTOFMS method was developed to characterize major chemical constituents in GTS40. Our results revealed twenty-seven identified or tentatively characterized compounds through comparing their retention time (tR) and MS spectra with reference standards. These results suggested that GTS40 was a promising active fraction that may be beneficial in the prevention and treatment of oxidative stress-mediated neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Meng-Lin Wei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jiao-Jiao Zhao
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hao Hong
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Wei Qu
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Feng Feng
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Wen-Yuan Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Ngoupaye GT, Pahaye DB, Ngondi J, Moto FCO, Bum EN. Gladiolus dalenii lyophilisate reverses scopolamine-induced amnesia and reduces oxidative stress in rat brain. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 91:350-357. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.04.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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Annafi OS, Aluko OM, Eduviere AT, Omorogbe O, Umukoro S. Probable mechanisms involved in the antipsychotic-like activity of methyl jasmonate in mice. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2017; 390:883-892. [PMID: 28612111 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-017-1386-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Psychosis is a chronic neuropsychiatric disorder that affects millions of individuals worldwide and impairs the quality of life and productivity of the patients. The clinical efficacy of antipsychotic drugs has been compromised by adverse effects, relapse, and therapeutic failures, thus necessitating search for alternative agents. Methyl jasmonate (MJ) is a bioactive compound reported to have beneficial effects in various neurological disorders. This study was undertaken to investigate the antipsychotic-like effects of MJ in mice. Male Swiss mice were pretreated intraperitoneally with MJ (25-100 mg/kg) or vehicle (10 mL/kg) 60 min prior to bromocriptine (5 mg/kg) or acute injection of ketamine (10 mg/kg). Thereafter, each mouse was observed for stereotype behaviors for 2 min at 10, 15, 20, 30, and 45 min post-bromocriptine injection. Another set of mice received MJ (25-100 mg/kg) or vehicle (10 mL/kg) 60 min after chronic ketamine injection (20 mg/kg, i.p) once daily for 14 consecutive days. Afterwards, locomotor activity and memory function in this sequence were evaluated using open field and Y-maze tests. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) and activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the brain were determined. MJ significantly inhibited stereotypy behavior induced by bromocriptine or acute ketamine injection, which suggest antipsychotic-like activity. It also attenuated hyper-locomotion and memory deficits induced by chronic injection of ketamine in mice. The increased oxidative stress as shown by the altered brain levels of MDA, GSH, and activity of antioxidant enzymes induced by chronic injection of ketamine was reduced by MJ. Taken together, these findings suggest that MJ demonstrated antipsychotic-like property via mechanism related to its antioxidant property and interference with dopaminergic neurotransmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olajide S Annafi
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Oritoke M Aluko
- Department of Physiology, School of Health and Health Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Anthony T Eduviere
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Osarume Omorogbe
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Solomon Umukoro
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
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Solomon U, Taghogho EA. Methyl jasmonate attenuates memory dysfunction and decreases brain levels of biomarkers of neuroinflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide in mice. Brain Res Bull 2017; 131:133-141. [PMID: 28411132 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation plays a central role in the etiology and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by a gradual loss of memory functions. Thus, it has been proposed that agents that could reduce inflammatory processes in AD brains might be useful for the treatment of the disease. Methyl jasmonate (MJ) is a bioactive compound, which has been reported to exhibit anti-amnesic and in vitro anti-inflammatory activities. In this study, we further examine its effects on the brain levels of biomarkers of neuroinflammation in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced memory deficits in mice. Mice (n=6) were pretreated intraperitoneally with MJ (10-40mg/kg), donepezil (DP) (1mg/kg) or vehicle (10mL/kg) for 30min prior to injection of LPS (250μg/kg, i.p) daily for 7days. Thirty minutes after LPS administration on day 7, memory function was assessed using Y-maze test. After Y-maze test, the levels of biomarkers of neuroinflammation: prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and interleukin 1β (IL1β) were estimated in brain tissue homogenates using ELISA. Expressions of positive cells of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and amyloid-beta (Aβ) in the prefrontal cortex were also assessed using immunohistochemistry technique. Our data showed that MJ (10, 20 and 40mg/kg) significantly (p<0.05) reversed LPS-induced memory deficits in mice. The increased brain levels of PGE2, TNFα and IL1β in LPS-treated mice were significantly (p<0.05) reduced by MJ indicating anti-neuroinflammatory activity. MJ also suppressed the expression of COX2, iNOS and NFκB, which further suggest anti-neuroinflammation. The increased brain level of Aβ in LPS-treated mice was significantly (p<0.05) suppressed by MJ suggesting anti-amyloidogenesis-like effect. Our present data showed that MJ attenuated LPS-induced memory dysfunction via mechanisms involving inhibition of pro-inflammatory mediators and beta-amyloid generation in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umukoro Solomon
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
| | - Eduviere Anthony Taghogho
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
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Singh V, Kahol A, Singh IP, Saraf I, Shri R. Evaluation of anti-amnesic effect of extracts of selected Ocimum species using in-vitro and in-vivo models. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 193:490-499. [PMID: 27725240 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ocimum species are traditionally used for the treatment of anxiety, nerve pain, convulsions and a variety of neurodegenerative disorders. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the anti-amnesic effect of O. basilicum L., O. sanctum L. and O. gratissimum L. extracts using in-vitro and in-vivo models. MATERIALS AND METHODS In-vitro acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory and antioxidant activities of hydro-methanol extracts of plants were evaluated using Ellman and DPPH and FRAP assays, respectively. The most active extract i.e. O. basilicum extract (OBE) was further explored for the possible anti-amnesic activity in mouse model of scopolamine induced amnesia using behavioral models (elevated plus maze and passive shock avoidance task). Brain AChE activity, oxidative profile and histopathological studies were assessed to outline the anti-amnesic mechanism of the extract. RESULTS Significant antioxidant and AChE inhibition activity was observed with all prepared extracts and however, OBE showed most marked free radical scavenging, reducing power and AChE inhibition (IC50 0.65±0.15mg/ml) activity. Basil leaves were standardized with respect to content of 7 phenolic acids using a HPLC-PDA method. A TLC densitometric method was employed to determine the quercetin content in the leaves. The in-vivo studies showed that OBE pre-treatment (200 and 400mg/kg, p.o.) reversed the memory deficit induced by scopolamine in mice, evident by significant (p<0.05) decrease in the transfer latency time and increase in step down latency in elevated plus maze and passive shock avoidance task, respectively. Moreover, OBE significantly reduced the brain AChE activity and oxidative stress. Further, histopathological examination of brain tissues displayed decrease in vacuolated cytoplasm and increase in pyramidal cells in hippocampal and cortical regions with OBE pre-treatment. CONCLUSION OBE possesses antioxidant and AChE inhibitory activity. These biochemical changes are responsible for the anti-amnesic and neuroprotective activities of O. basilicum which may be attributed to the presence of phenolic and flavonoid compounds. This can be developed as an effective anti-amnesic drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varinder Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Aditi Kahol
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Inder Pal Singh
- Natural Products Research Laboratory, Department of Natural products, NIPER, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Isha Saraf
- Natural Products Research Laboratory, Department of Natural products, NIPER, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Richa Shri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India.
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Eduviere AT, Umukoro S, Adeoluwa OA, Omogbiya IA, Aluko OM. Possible Mechanisms Involved in Attenuation of Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Memory Deficits by Methyl Jasmonate in Mice. Neurochem Res 2016; 41:3239-3249. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-016-2050-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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