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Kotb ES, Alhamdi HW, Alfaifi MY, Darweesh O, Shati AA, Elbehairi SEI, Serag WM, Hassan YA, Elshaarawy RFM. Examining the quaternary ammonium chitosan Schiff base-ZnO nanocomposite's potential as protective therapy for rats' cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 276:133616. [PMID: 39009258 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite cisplatin's long history as a cornerstone in cancer therapy, both acquired chemoresistance and significant impacts on healthy tissues limit its use. Hepatotoxicity is one of its side effects. Adjunct therapies have shown promise in not only attenuating liver damage caused by cisplatin but also in enhancing the efficacy of chemotherapy. In this context, a new quaternary ammonium chitosan Schiff base (QACSB) was synthesized and applied as an encapsulating agent for the in-situ synthesis of QACSB-ZnO nanocomposite. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty male albino rats were classified into Group 1 (control) distilled water, Group 2 (Cisplatin-treated) (12 mg/kg, i.p), and Group 3 (QACSB-ZnO NCs/cisplatin-treated) (150 mg/kg/day QACSB-ZnO NCs, i.p) for 14 days + a single dose of cisplatin. Liver functions, tissue TNF-α, MDA, and GSH were measured as well as histopathological and immunohistochemical studies were performed. RESULTS The QACSB-ZnO NCs significantly restore liver functions, tissue TNF-α, MDA, and GSH levels (p < 0.001). Histopathological examination showed patchy necrosis in the cisplatin-treated group versus other groups. The QACSB-ZnO NCs showed a weak TGF-β1 (score = 4) and a moderate Bcl-2 immunohistochemistry expression (score = 6) versus the CP group. CONCLUSIONS QACSB-ZnO NCs have been shown to protect the liver from cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebtesam S Kotb
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez University, 43533 Suez, Egypt
| | - Heba W Alhamdi
- College of Sciences, Biology Department, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Y Alfaifi
- King Khalid University, Faculty of Science, Biology Department, Abha 9004, Saudi Arabia; Tissue Culture and Cancer Biology Research Laboratory, King Khalid University, Abha 9004, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omeed Darweesh
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Kitab University, Kirkuk, Iraq
| | - Ali A Shati
- King Khalid University, Faculty of Science, Biology Department, Abha 9004, Saudi Arabia; Tissue Culture and Cancer Biology Research Laboratory, King Khalid University, Abha 9004, Saudi Arabia
| | - Serag Eldin I Elbehairi
- King Khalid University, Faculty of Science, Biology Department, Abha 9004, Saudi Arabia; Tissue Culture and Cancer Biology Research Laboratory, King Khalid University, Abha 9004, Saudi Arabia; Cell Culture Lab, Egyptian Organization for Biological Products and Vaccines (VACSERA Holding Company), 51 Wezaret El-Zeraa St., Agouza, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Waleed M Serag
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez University, 43533 Suez, Egypt
| | - Yasser A Hassan
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Kitab University, Kirkuk, Iraq; Department of pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, Egypt
| | - Reda F M Elshaarawy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez University, 43533 Suez, Egypt; Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Heinrich-Heine Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Zhang Y, Wu Y, Li B, Tian J. Phloretin prolongs lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans via inhibition of NDUFS1 and NDUFS6 at mitochondrial complex Ⅰ. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 221:283-295. [PMID: 38705496 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Phloretin has been widely perceived as an antioxidant. However, the bioavailability of phloretin in vivo is generally far too low to elicit a direct antioxidant effect by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS). Here we showed that administration of phloretin of apple polyphenols extended lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans and promoted fitness. Specially phloretin enhanced the survival rates of nematodes under oxidants in an inverted U-shaped dose-response manner. The lifespan-extending effects of phloretin were mediated by ROS via mitochondrial complex I inhibition. The increase of ROS stimulated p38 MAPK/PMK-1 as well as transcription factors of NRF2/SKN-1 and FOXO/DAF-16. Consistent with the involvement of NRF2/SKN-1 and FOXO/DAF-16 in lifespan-extending effects, activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were enhanced by phloretin. The exogenous application of antioxidants butylated hydroxyanisole and N-acetylcysteine abolished the increase of ROS, the enhancement of SOD and CAT activities, and the lifespan extending effects of phloretin. Meanwhile, with the inhibition of mitochondrial complex I, ATP was instantly decreased. Both energy sensors of AMPK/AAK-2 and SIRT1/SIR-2.1 were involved in the lifespan extension by phloretin. Transcriptomic, real-time qPCR and molecular docking analyses demonstrated that the binding of phloretin at complex I located at NDUFS1/NUO-5, NDUFS2/GAS-1, and NDUFS6/NDUF-6. The molecular dynamic simulation and binding free energy calculations showed that phloretin had high binding affinities towards NDUFS1 (-7.21 kcal/mol) and NDUFS6 (-7.02 kcal/mol). Collectively, our findings suggested phloretin had effects of life expectancy enhancement and fitness promotion via redox regulations in vivo. NDUFS1/NUO-5 and NDUFS6/NDUF-6 might be new targets in the lifespan and wellness regulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Yonglin Wu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Bin Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, China; Functional Food Engineering & Technology Research Center of Hubei Province, China
| | - Jing Tian
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, China; Functional Food Engineering & Technology Research Center of Hubei Province, China.
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Yang Y, Ma S, Li A, Xia G, Li M, Ding C, Sun X, Yan L, Yang M, Zhao T. Antibacterial and antioxidant phlorizin-loaded nanofiber film effectively promotes the healing of burn wounds. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1428988. [PMID: 39161349 PMCID: PMC11330827 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1428988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Burns usually result in damage and loss of skin forming irregular wound wounds. The lack of skin tissue protection makes the wound site highly vulnerable to bacterial infections, hindering the healing process. However, commonly used wound dressings do not readily provide complete coverage of irregular wounds compared to regular wounds. Therefore, there is an urgent need to prepare a wound dressing with high antimicrobial efficacy for the administration of drugs to irregular wounds. In this study, a chitosan (CS)/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) composite nanofiber membrane (CS/PVP/Phlorizin) loaded with root bark glycosides (Phlorizin) was developed using an electrostatic spinning technique. The incorporation of phlorizin, a natural antioxidant, into the fiber membranes notably boosted their antimicrobial and antioxidant capabilities, along with demonstrating excellent hydrophilic characteristics. In vitro cellular experiments showed that CS/PVP/Phlorizin increased Hacat cell viability with the presence of better cytocompatibility. In scald wound healing experiments, Phlorizin-loaded nanofibrous membranes significantly promoted re-epithelialization and angiogenesis at the wound site, and reduced the inflammatory response at the wound site. Therefore, the above results indicate that this nanofiber membrane is expected to be an ideal dressing for burn wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, China
| | - Shuang Ma
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Anning Li
- Jilin Aodong Yanbian Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd., Dunhua, China
| | - Guofeng Xia
- Jilin Aodong Yanbian Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd., Dunhua, China
| | - Min Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, China
| | - Chuanbo Ding
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, China
- Jilin Aodong Yanbian Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd., Dunhua, China
| | - Xiaofei Sun
- Jilin Aodong Yanbian Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd., Dunhua, China
| | - Li Yan
- Jilin Aodong Yanbian Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd., Dunhua, China
| | - Min Yang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, China
- Jilin Aodong Yanbian Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd., Dunhua, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, China
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Al-Hussan R, Albadr NA, Alshammari GM, Almasri SA, Alfayez FF, Yahya MA. Phloretamide Protects against Diabetic Kidney Damage and Dysfunction in Diabetic Rats by Attenuating Hyperglycemia and Hyperlipidemia, Suppressing NF-κβ, and Upregulating Nrf2. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:505. [PMID: 38675166 PMCID: PMC11053512 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16040505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Potent hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects were recently reported for the apple-derived phenolic compound phloretamide (PLTM). The renoprotective effects of this compound are yet to be shown. This study aimed to examine the potential of PLTM to prevent diabetic nephropathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and to examine the possible mechanisms of protection. Non-diabetic and STZ-diabetic male rats were treated orally by gavage with either the vehicle or with PTLM (200 mg/kg; twice/week) for 12 weeks. PTLM significantly increased urine volume and prevented glomerular and tubular damage and vacuolization in STZ-diabetic rats. It also increased creatinine excretion and reduced urinary albumin levels and the renal levels of kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), and nephrin in the diabetic rats. PTLM also prevented an increase in the nuclear levels of NF-κβ, as well as the total levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), caspase-3, and Bax in the kidneys of diabetic rats. These effects were associated with reduced serum levels of triglycerides, cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. In both the control and diabetic rats, PTLM significantly reduced fasting plasma glucose and enhanced the renal mRNA and cytoplasmic levels of Nrf2, as well as the levels of Bcl2, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione (GSH). However, PTLM failed to alter the cytoplasmic levels of keap1 in diabetic rats. In conclusion, PTLM prevents renal damage and dysfunction in STZ-diabetic rats through its hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activities, as well as through its antioxidant potential, which is mediated by activating the Nrf2/antioxidant axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha Al-Hussan
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawal A Albadr
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghedeir M Alshammari
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soheir A Almasri
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farah Fayez Alfayez
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Abdo Yahya
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Elmetwalli A, Kamosh NH, El Safty R, Youssef AI, Salama MM, Abd El-Razek KM, El-Sewedy T. Novel phloretin-based combinations targeting glucose metabolism in hepatocellular carcinoma through GLUT2/PEPCK axis of action: in silico molecular modelling and in vivo studies. Med Oncol 2023; 41:12. [PMID: 38078989 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02236-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is commonly associated with disturbances in glucose metabolism and enhanced glycolysis. However, a controversial role for gluconeogenesis was reported to be tumor-promoting and tumor-suppressive. We investigated novel anti-HCC treatments through either the simultaneous inhibition of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis by "phloretin" and "sodium meta-arsenite", respectively (Combination 1); or the concurrent inhibition of glycolysis and induction of gluconeogenesis by phloretin and dexamethasone, respectively, (combination 2). A total of 110 Swiss albino mice were divided into eleven groups, HCC was induced by N, N-dimethyl-4-aminoazobenzene. We have measured the expression of the glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2), Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinases (PEPCK), Caspase-3, Beclin 1, Cyclin D1, and cytokeratin 18 genes; blood glucose and ATP levels; alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities. Furthermore, in silico molecular docking was performed to investigate the potential drug-receptor interactions. Histologically, the phloretin-based combinations resulted in a significant regression of malignant tissue compared to various treatments. GLUT2 and PEPCK mRNA analysis indicated successful off/on modulation of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. Docking confirmed the potent binding between phloretin, sodium meta-arsenite, and dexamethasone with GLUT2, PEPCK, and Retinoid X Receptor Alpha, respectively. Molecularly, Combination 2 resulted in the highest reduction in cyclin D1, cytokeratin 18, and Beclin 1 expression contemporaneously with the upregulation in Caspase-3 levels. Biochemically, both combinations caused a significant reduction in ATP levels, ALT, and AST activity compared to the other groups. In conclusion, we propose two novel phloretin-based combinations that can be used in treating HCC through the regulation of glucose metabolism and ATP production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Elmetwalli
- Department of Clinical Trial Research Unit and Drug Discovery, Egyptian Liver Research Institute and Hospital (ELRIAH), Mansoura, Egypt.
- Microbiology Division, Higher Technological Institute of Applied Health Sciences, Egyptian Liver Research Institute and Hospital (ELRIAH), Mansoura, Egypt.
| | | | | | - Amany I Youssef
- Department of Applied Medical Chemistry, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohammed M Salama
- Department of Histochemistry and Cell Biology, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Khaled M Abd El-Razek
- Experimental Animal Unit, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Tarek El-Sewedy
- Department of Applied Medical Chemistry, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Li X, Sun T, Liu J, Wei S, Yang Y, Liu J, Zhang B, Li W. Phloretin alleviates doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity through regulating Hif3a transcription via targeting transcription factor Fos. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 120:155046. [PMID: 37659297 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Doxorubicin (Dox), a chemotherapeutic agent known for its efficacy, has been associated with the development of severe cardiotoxicity, commonly referred to as doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity (DIC). The role and mechanism of action of phloretin (Phl) in cardiovascular diseases are well-established; however, its specific function and underlying mechanism in the context of DIC have yet to be fully elucidated. OBJECTIVE This research aimed to uncover the protective effect of Phl against DIC in vivo and in vitro, while also providing a comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms involved. METHODS DIC cell and murine models were established. The action targets and mechanism of Phl against DIC were comprehensively examined by systematic network pharmacology, molecular docking, transcriptomics technologies, transcription factor (TF) prediction, and experimental validation. RESULTS Phl relieved Dox-induced cell apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Through network pharmacology analysis, a total of 554 co-targeted genes of Phl and Dox were identified. Enrichment analysis revealed several key pathways including the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, Apoptosis, and the IL-17 signaling pathway. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis identified 24 core co-targeted genes, such as Fos, Jun, Hif1a, which were predicted to bind well to Phl based on molecular docking. Transcriptomics analysis was performed to identify the top 20 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and 202 transcription factors (TFs) were predicted for these DEGs. Among these TFs, 10 TFs (Fos, Jun, Hif1a, etc.) are also the co-targeted genes, and 3 TFs (Fos, Jun, Hif1a) are also the core co-targeted genes. Further experiments validated the finding that Phl reduced the elevated levels of Hif3a (one of the top 20 DEGs) and Fos (one of Hif3a's predicted TFs) induced by Dox. Moreover, the interaction between Fos protein and the Hif3a promoter was confirmed through luciferase reporter assays. CONCLUSION Phl actively targeted and down-regulated the Fos protein to inhibit its binding to the promoter region of Hif3a, thereby providing protection against DIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyun Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; School of Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Taoli Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Jiaqin Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Shanshan Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Yuanying Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Bikui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; School of Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China.
| | - Wenqun Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China.
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Wang S, Li C, Zhang L, Sun B, Cui Y, Sang F. Isolation and biological activity of natural chalcones based on antibacterial mechanism classification. Bioorg Med Chem 2023; 93:117454. [PMID: 37659218 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2023.117454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial infection, which is still one of the leading causes of death in humans, poses an enormous threat to the worldwide public health system. Antibiotics are the primary medications used to treat bacterial diseases. Currently, the discovery of antibiotics has reached an impasse, and due to the abuse of antibiotics resulting in bacterial antibiotic resistance, researchers have a critical desire to develop new antibacterial agents in order to combat the deteriorating antibacterial situation. Natural chalcones, the flavonoids consisting of two phenolic rings and a three-carbon α, β-unsaturated carbonyl system, possess a variety of biological and pharmacological properties, including anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and so on. Due to their potent antibacterial properties, natural chalcones possess the potential to become a new treatment for infectious diseases that circumvents existing antibiotic resistance. Currently, the majority of research on natural chalcones focuses on their synthesis, biological and pharmacological activities, etc. A few studies have been conducted on their antibacterial activity and mechanism. Therefore, this review focuses on the antibacterial activity and mechanisms of seventeen natural chalcones. Firstly, seventeen natural chalcones have been classified based on differences in antibacterial mechanisms. Secondly, a summary of the isolation and biological activity of seventeen natural chalcones was provided, with a focus on their antibacterial activity. Thirdly, the antibacterial mechanisms of natural chalcones were summarized, including those that act on bacterial cell membranes, biological macromolecules, biofilms, and quorum sensing systems. This review aims to lay the groundwork for the discovery of novel antibacterial agents based on chalcones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinan Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, PR China
| | - Chuang Li
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, PR China
| | - Liyan Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, PR China
| | - Bingxia Sun
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, PR China
| | - Yuting Cui
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, PR China.
| | - Feng Sang
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, PR China.
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Kumar S, Chhimwal J, Kumar S, Singh R, Patial V, Purohit R, Padwad YS. Phloretin and phlorizin mitigates inflammatory stress and alleviate adipose and hepatic insulin resistance by abrogating PPARγ S273-Cdk5 interaction in type 2 diabetic mice. Life Sci 2023; 322:121668. [PMID: 37023949 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The rising prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and accompanying insulin resistance is alarming globally. Natural and synthetic agonists of PPARγ are potentially attractive candidates for diabetics and are known to efficiently reverse adipose and hepatic insulin resistance, but related side effects and escalating costs are the causes of concern. Therefore, targeting PPARγ with natural ligands is advantageous and promising approach for the better management of T2DM. The present research aimed to assess the antidiabetic potential of phenolics Phloretin (PTN) and Phlorizin (PZN) type 2 diabetic mice. MAIN METHODS In silico docking was performed to check the effect of PTN and PZN on PPARγ S273-Cdk5 interactions. The docking results were further validated in preclinical settings by utilizing a mice model of high fat diet-induced T2DM. KEY FINDINGS Computational docking and further MD-simulation data revealed that PTN and PZN inhibited the activation of Cdk5, thereby blocking the phosphorylation of PPARγ. Our in vivo results further demonstrated that PTN and PZN administration significantly improved the secretory functions of adipocytes by increasing adiponectin and reducing inflammatory cytokine levels, which ultimately reduced the hyperglycaemic index. Additionally, combined treatment of PTN and PZN decreased in vivo adipocyte expansion and increased Glut4 expression in adipose tissues. Furthermore, PTN and PZN treatment reduced hepatic insulin resistance by modulating lipid metabolism and inflammatory markers. SIGNIFICANCE In summary, our findings strongly imply that PTN and PZN are candidates as nutraceuticals in the management of comorbidities related to diabetes and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiv Kumar
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Dietetics and Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, H.P., India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, U.P., India
| | - Jyoti Chhimwal
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Dietetics and Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, H.P., India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, U.P., India
| | - Suresh Kumar
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Dietetics and Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, H.P., India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, U.P., India
| | - Rahul Singh
- Structural Bioinformatics Lab, Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, H.P., India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, U.P., India
| | - Vikram Patial
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Dietetics and Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, H.P., India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, U.P., India
| | - Rituraj Purohit
- Structural Bioinformatics Lab, Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, H.P., India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, U.P., India.
| | - Yogendra S Padwad
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Dietetics and Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, H.P., India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, U.P., India.
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Su J, He T, You J, Cao J, Wang Q, Cao S, Mei Q, Zeng J, Liu L. Therapeutic effect and underlying mechanism of Shenkang injection against cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury in mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 301:115805. [PMID: 36216195 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Shenkang injection (SKI), a Chinese patent medicine injection, has been approved for the treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD) due to its definite clinical therapeutic efficacy. However, the effect and associated underlying mechanism of Shenkang injection against cisplatin (CDDP)-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) has not yet been well elucidated. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aims to investigate the therapeutic effect and associated underlying mechanism of Shenkang injection against CDDP-induced AKI. MATERIALS AND METHODS We established a CDDP-induced AKI mouse model to evaluate renal function by biochemical markers measurement and to observe histopathological alterations by haemotoxylin and eosin (HE)-staining sections of renal. In addition, the distribution of representative components of SKI in the kidneys of mice was evaluated by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Furthermore, the degree of oxidative stress and inflammation were assessed by detecting the levels of inflammatory cytokines and oxidants, while the related mechanisms were elucidated by network pharmacology. RESULTS CDDP could induce excessive inflammation and severe injury to the kidneys of mice. However, SKI significantly ameliorated the kidney damages and improved the renal function by reducing the levels of renal function markers (SCr, BUN and urine protein), and inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines IL-34, IL-6 and TNF-α. SKI repaired oxidative balance through up-regulation of antioxidants SOD and GSH and down-regulated oxidants MDA. Moreover, 4 components from SKI were detected in the kidney by LC-MS/MS quantification. In addition, pharmacology network indicated the PI3K/AKT, TNF, MAPK, and p53 were the possible signaling pathways for the therapeutic effect of SKI against CDDP-induced AKI, which were related to inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis. CONCLUSION In the present study, we for the first time demonstrated that SKI alleviates CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity by antioxidant and anti-inflammation via regulating PI3K/AKT, MAPK, TNF, and p53 signaling pathways. The study may provide a scientific rationale for the clinical indication of SKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahan Su
- Department of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China; Luzhou New Drug Evaluation and Research Center, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Tingting He
- Department of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China; Luzhou New Drug Evaluation and Research Center, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Jing You
- Department of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China; The People's Hospital of DaZhu, Dazhou, Sichuan, 635000, China
| | - Jingjie Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Qianru Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Shousong Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Qibing Mei
- Department of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China; Luzhou New Drug Evaluation and Research Center, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Jing Zeng
- Department of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China.
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China.
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Ongay KK, Granato D, Barreto GE. Comparison of Antioxidant Capacity and Network Pharmacology of Phloretin and Phlorizin against Neuroinflammation in Traumatic Brain Injury. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28030919. [PMID: 36770586 PMCID: PMC9919876 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28030919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is a hallmark of traumatic brain injury (TBI)'s acute and chronic phases. Despite the medical and scientific advances in recent years, there is still no effective treatment that mitigates the oxidative and inflammatory damage that affects neurons and glial cells. Therefore, searching for compounds with a broader spectrum of action that can regulate various inflammatory signaling pathways is of clinical interest. In this study, we determined not only the in vitro antioxidant capacity of apple pomace phenolics, namely, phlorizin and its metabolite, phloretin, but we also hypothesize that the use of these bioactive molecules may have potential use in TBI. We explored the antioxidant effects of both compounds in vitro (DPPH, iron-reducing capacity (IRC), and Folin-Ciocalteu reducing capacity (FCRC)), and using network pharmacology, we investigated the proteins involved in their protective effects in TBI. Our results showed that the antioxidant properties of phloretin were superior to those of phlorizin in the DPPH (12.95 vs. 3.52 mg ascorbic acid equivalent (AAE)/L), FCRC (86.73 vs. 73.69 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/L), and iron-reducing capacity (1.15 vs. 0.88 mg GAE/L) assays. Next, we examined the molecular signature of both compounds and found 11 proteins in common to be regulated by them and involved in TBI. Meta-analysis and GO functional enrichment demonstrated their implication in matrix metalloproteinases, p53 signaling, and cell secretion/transport. Using MCODE and Pearson's correlation analysis, a subcluster was generated. We identified ESR1 (estrogen receptor alpha) as a critical cellular hub being regulated by both compounds and with potential therapeutic use in TBI. In conclusion, our study suggests that because of their vast antioxidant effects, probably acting on estrogen receptors, phloretin and phlorizin may be repurposed for TBI treatment due to their ease of obtaining and low cost.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Granato
- Correspondence: (D.G.); (G.E.B.); Tel.: +353-(0)-61-202676 (G.E.B)
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11
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The Molecular Pharmacology of Phloretin: Anti-Inflammatory Mechanisms of Action. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11010143. [PMID: 36672652 PMCID: PMC9855955 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11010143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The isolation of phlorizin from the bark of an apple tree in 1835 led to a flurry of research on its inhibitory effect on glucose transporters in the intestine and kidney. Using phlorizin as a prototype drug, antidiabetic agents with more selective inhibitory activity towards glucose transport at the kidney have subsequently been developed. In contrast, its hydrolysis product in the body, phloretin, which is also found in the apple plant, has weak antidiabetic properties. Phloretin, however, displays a range of pharmacological effects including antibacterial, anticancer, and cellular and organ protective properties both in vitro and in vivo. In this communication, the molecular basis of its anti-inflammatory mechanisms that attribute to its pharmacological effects is scrutinised. These include inhibiting the signalling pathways of inflammatory mediators' expression that support its suppressive effect in immune cells overactivation, obesity-induced inflammation, arthritis, endothelial, myocardial, hepatic, renal and lung injury, and inflammation in the gut, skin, and nervous system, among others.
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12
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Shirgadwar SM, Kumar R, Preeti K, Khatri DK, Singh SB. Neuroprotective Effect of Phloretin in Rotenone-Induced Mice Model of Parkinson's Disease: Modulating mTOR-NRF2-p62 Mediated Autophagy-Oxidative Stress Crosstalk. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 94:S109-S124. [PMID: 36463449 PMCID: PMC10473071 DOI: 10.3233/jad-220793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) is an age-related progressive multifactorial, neurodegenerative disease. The autophagy and Keap1-Nrf2 axis system are both implicated in the oxidative-stress response, metabolic stress, and innate immunity, and their dysregulation is associated with pathogenic processes in PD. Phloretin (PLT) is a phenolic compound reported possessing anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the neuroprotective potential of PLT in PD via modulating the autophagy-antioxidant axisMethods:The neuroprotective effect of PLT was evaluated in vitro using rotenone (ROT) exposed SH-SY5Y cell line and in vivo using ROT administered C57BL/6 mice. Mice were administered with PLT (50 and 100 mg/kg, p.o.) concomitantly with ROT (1 mg/kg, i.p) for 3 weeks. Locomotive activity and anxiety behaviors were assessed using rotarod and open field tests respectively. Further apoptosis (Cytochrome-C, Bax), α-Synuclein (α-SYN), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), antioxidant proteins (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and autophagic (mTOR, Atg5,7, p62, Beclin,LC3B-I/II) protein activity were evaluated both in in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS PLT improved locomotive activity and anxiety-like behavior in mice. Further PLT diminished apoptotic cell death, α-SYN expression and improved the expression of TH, antioxidant, and autophagic regulating protein. CONCLUSION Taken together, present data deciphers that the PLT effectively improves motor and non-motor symptoms via modulating the mTOR/NRF2/p62 pathway-mediated feedback loop. Hence, PLT could emerge as a prospective disease-modifying drug for PD management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhendu M. Shirgadwar
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Rahul Kumar
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Kumari Preeti
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Khatri
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Shashi Bala Singh
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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Expression of ER stress markers (GRP78 and PERK) in experimental nephrotoxicity induced by cisplatin and gentamicin: roles of inflammatory response and oxidative stress. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 396:789-801. [PMID: 36482225 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-022-02358-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to establish the relationship between two endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress proteins, glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78/BiP) and PKR-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), and oxidative stress markers in cisplatin (CIS)-induced and gentamicin (GEN)-induced nephrotoxicity.The study consisted of five groups: control (saline solution only), CIS D2 (2.5 mg/kg for 2 days), CIS D7 (2.5 mg/kg for 7 days), GEN D2 (160 mg/kg for 2 days), and GEN D7 (160 mg/kg for 7 days). All rats were sacrificed 24 h after the last injection for standard clinical chemistry, and ultrastructural and histological evaluation of the kidney.CIS and GEN increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (Cr) levels, as well as total oxidant status (TOS), while decreasing total antioxidant status (TAS) level in CIS D7 and GEN D7 groups. Histopathological and ultrastructural findings were also consistent with renal tubular damage. In addition, expression of markers of renal inflammation (tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin 1β (IL-1β)) and ER stress markers (GRP78 and PERK) was significantly increased in the kidney tissue of rats treated with CIS and GEN for 7 days.These findings suggest that CIS and GEN administration for 7 days aggravates nephrotoxicity through the enhancement of oxidative stress, inflammation, and ER stress-related markers. As a result, the recommended course of action is to utilize CIS and GEN as an immediate but brief induction therapy, stopping after 3 days and switching to other drugs instead.
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Zhang Z, Huang J, Zhao Z, Yuan X, Li C, Liu S, Cui Y, Liu Y, Zhou Y, Zhu Z. In Vivo and In Vitro Antiviral Activity of Phlorizin Against Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:14841-14850. [PMID: 36384297 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c05934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is one of the most serious pathogens affecting the cattle industry worldwide. Phlorizin, a kind of flavonoids extracted from apple tree roots, leaves, and fruits, has a variety of biological functions and has been widely used as a herbal supplement and food additive. Here, BALB/c mouse and Madin-Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cells were used to explore the effect and mechanism of phlorizin against BVDV infection. The results showed that phlorizin significantly inhibited CP BVDV replication and improved the histopathological changes of duodenum and spleen in mice. In vitro studies also confirmed the activity of phlorizin against CP BVDV. Exploration on its potential mechanism suggested that phlorizin inhibited CP BVDV-induced beclin-1 level and the conversion rate of LC3B-I to LC3B-II. Interestingly, although phlorizin also showed a protective effect on MDBK cells, which were treated with 3-methyladenine A (3-MA), the effect was significantly weakened. Furthermore, phlorizin suppressed the stage of BVDV replication but showed no effect on stages of attachment and internalization. Our data further indicated that phlorizin promoted IFN-α and IFN-β levels, decreased IL-1β and IL-6 expression, and regulated RIG-I, MDA5, TLR3, and NLRP3 levels. Similar to CP BVDV results, in vivo and in vitro, phlorizin inhibited NCP BVDV (NY-1 and YNJG2020 strains) infection. These results were the first to be discovered that phlorizin might be used as a new dietary strategy for controlling BVDV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zecai Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Daqing 163319, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Cattle Diseases, Daqing 163319, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Jiang Huang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Zhicheng Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Xueying Yuan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Chuang Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Siyu Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Yueqi Cui
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Daqing 163319, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Cattle Diseases, Daqing 163319, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Yulong Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Daqing 163319, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Cattle Diseases, Daqing 163319, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Zhanbo Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Daqing 163319, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Cattle Diseases, Daqing 163319, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases, Daqing 163319, China
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15
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Hafez HS, Kotb ES, El-Khayat Z, Elshaarawy RFM, Serag WM. The diminution and modulation role of water-soluble gallic acid-carboxymethyl chitosan conjugates against the induced nephrotoxicity with cisplatin. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19903. [PMID: 36402822 PMCID: PMC9675851 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21681-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The toxicity of cisplatin (CDDP) toward the renal tubules and its severe effects on the proximal tubules limits its further use in cancer therapy. The current study was undertaken to evaluate the protective effects of gallic acid-grafted O-carboxymethyl chitosan (GA@CMCS) against nephrotoxicity induced by CDDP in rats. Renal injury was assessed in the GA@CMCS/CDDP-treated rats using kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1). Moreover, the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), and nitric oxide (NO) were measured. The comet assay was performed to measure the DNA damage. The renoprotective activity of GA@CMCS was supported by histo- and immuno-pathological studies of the kidney. GA@CMCS significantly normalized the increases in kidney homogenate of KIM-1, MDA, and NO-induced by CDDP and significantly increased GSH as compared with the CDDP group. GA@CMCS also significantly protects rat kidneys from CDDP-induced histo- and immuno-pathological changes. Both biochemical findings and histo- and immuno-pathological evidence showed the renoprotective potential of GA@CMCS against CDDP-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and renal dysfunction in rats. In conclusion, GA@CMCS has been shown to mitigate the nephrotoxicity impact of CDDP in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hani S. Hafez
- grid.430657.30000 0004 4699 3087Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez, 43533 Egypt
| | - Ebtesam S. Kotb
- grid.430657.30000 0004 4699 3087Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez, 43533 Egypt
| | - Zakaria El-Khayat
- grid.419725.c0000 0001 2151 8157Medical Biochemistry Department, National Research Center Egypt, Giza, Egypt
| | - Reda F. M. Elshaarawy
- grid.430657.30000 0004 4699 3087Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez, 43533 Egypt
| | - Waleed M. Serag
- grid.430657.30000 0004 4699 3087Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez, 43533 Egypt
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Yin Q, Xiong H. Chemotherapy-induced nephrotoxicity was improved by crocin in mouse model. Eur J Histochem 2022; 66. [PMID: 36190398 PMCID: PMC9577377 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2022.3541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin (CDDP) has been widely used in cancer therapy, but it has been linked to side effects such as nephrotoxicity. Crocin is a carotenoid found in crocus and gardenia flowers that has been shown to have anti-oxidant properties, inhibit tumor growth, and provide neuroprotection. The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effect of crocin against CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity in a mouse model. Kunming mice were administered orally with crocin for 7 days at the dose of 6.25 mg/kg and 12.5 mg/kg per body weight daily and were injected with CDDP via intraperitoneal route at the dose of 10 mg/kg per body weight. Using commercial kits, the oxidative stress markers glutathione, malondialdehyde, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase were measured in the kidneys of mice. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess the levels of p53, cleaved caspase-3, and phospho-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in the kidneys. Crocin significantly reduced CDDP-induced changes in serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels, according to the findings. Crocin reduced malondialdehyde levels and increased glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase levels in CDDP-induced lipid peroxidation. Crocin also significantly inhibited p38 mitogenactivated protein kinase activation, p53 expression, and caspase-3 cleavage. In conclusion, crocin protects against CDDP-induced oxidative stress and nephrotoxicity by attenuating the activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and caspase-3 cleavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qichao Yin
- Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining.
| | - Hua Xiong
- Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining.
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Ibrahim MA, Khalifa AM, Mohamed AA, Galhom RA, Korayem HE, Abd El-Fadeal NM, Abd-Eltawab Tammam A, Khalifa MM, Elserafy OS, Abdel-Karim RI. Bone-Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Their Conditioned Media, and Olive Leaf Extract Protect against Cisplatin-Induced Toxicity by Alleviating Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Apoptosis in Rats. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10090526. [PMID: 36136492 PMCID: PMC9504158 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10090526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatic and renal damage is a cisplatin (Cis)-induced deleterious effect that is a major limiting factor in clinical chemotherapy. OBJECTIVES The current study was designed to investigate the influence of pretreatment with olive leaf extract (OLE), bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSC), and their conditioned media (CM-MSC) against genotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, and immunotoxicity induced by cisplatin in rats. METHODS The rats were randomly divided into six groups (six rats each) as follows: Control; OLE group, treated with OLE; Cis group, treated with a single intraperitoneal dose of Cis (7 mg/kg bw); Cis + OLE group, treated with OLE and cisplatin; Cis + CM-MSC group, treated with BM-MSC conditioned media and Cis; and Cis + MSC group, treated with BM-MSC in addition to Cis. RESULTS Cis resulted in a significant deterioration in hepatic and renal functions and histological structures. Furthermore, it increased inflammatory markers (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and decreased glutathione (GSH) content, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in hepatic and renal tissues. Furthermore, apoptosis was evident in rat tissues. A significant increase in serum 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG), nitric oxide (NO) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and a decrease in lysozyme activity were detected in Cis-treated rats. OLE, CM-MSC, and BM-MSC have significantly ameliorated Cis-induced deterioration in hepatic and renal structure and function and improved oxidative stress and inflammatory markers, with preference to BM-MSC. Moreover, apoptosis was significantly inhibited, evident from the decreased expression of Bax and caspase-3 genes and upregulation of Bcl-2 proteins in protective groups as compared to Cis group. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that BM-MSC, CM-MSC, and OLE have beneficial effects in ameliorating cisplatin-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in the hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, immunotoxicity, and genotoxicity in a rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahrous A. Ibrahim
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka 41412, Saudi Arabia
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University (SCU), Ismailia 41522, Egypt or
| | - Athar M. Khalifa
- Pathology Department, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka 41412, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa A. Mohamed
- Medical Biochemistry Division, Pathology Department, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka 41412, Saudi Arabia
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Rania A. Galhom
- Human Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University (SCU), Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Center of Excellence in Molecular and Cellular Medicine (CEMCM), Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University (SCU), Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Human Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Horeya E. Korayem
- Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University (SCU), Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Noha M. Abd El-Fadeal
- Center of Excellence in Molecular and Cellular Medicine (CEMCM), Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University (SCU), Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University (SCU), Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Oncology Diagnostic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University (SCU), Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Abd-Eltawab Tammam
- Physiology Department, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka 41412, Saudi Arabia
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Mansour Khalifa
- Human Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
- Human Physiology Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11472, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama S. Elserafy
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
- Criminal Justice and Forensic Sciences Department, King Fahd Security College, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rehab I. Abdel-Karim
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University (SCU), Ismailia 41522, Egypt or
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SF/PVP nanofiber wound dressings loaded with phlorizin: preparation, characterization, in vivo and in vitro evaluation. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 217:112692. [PMID: 35834996 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Electrospinning-based wound dressings have multiple functions such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and therapeutic, and are important in skin wound care. Herein, we designed a phlorizin (PHL)-loaded silk protein/polyvinylpyrrolidone (SF/PVP) composite nanofibrous membrane, which can be used as multiple wound dressings. In particular, SF/PVP/PHL scaffolds have high porosity and mechanical properties, exhibiting suitable permeability and hydrophilicity. The SF/PVP/PHL scaffolds containing PHL also have excellent antibacterial and antioxidant activities. Furthermore, the nanofiber significantly accelerated the wound healing process in a full-thickness skin injury model by enhancing wound re-epithelialization and collagen deposition density, increasing the content of macrophage antigen (CD68), platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule (CD31), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and inhibiting the expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) at the wound site. The mechanism may be related to the inhibition of activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/serine-threonine kinase/ target of rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR) signaling pathway to enhance autophagy. Therefore, SF/PVP/PHL nanofibers can ideally meet the various requirements of the wound healing process and are promising wound dressing candidates for future clinical applications.
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Aloe emodin 3-O-glucoside inhibits cell growth and migration and induces apoptosis of non-small-cell lung cancer cells via suppressing MEK/ERK and Akt signalling pathways. Life Sci 2022; 300:120495. [PMID: 35341826 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most frequent type of lung cancer with a high mortality rate. Glycosylation of phenolic compounds may increase water-solubility and pharmacological activities and reduce the toxicity of aglycones. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the anticancer effect of aloe emodin 3-O-glucoside (AE3G) and its aglycone, aloe emodin (AE), against NSCLC. MAIN METHOD A human adenocarcinoma cell line (A549) and BALB/c nu/nu xenograft mice harboring A549 cells were used as the NSCLC models. Inhibition of cell migration, disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), DNA fragmentation, and expression levels of apoptotic proteins were measured by western blot, wound healing assay, JC-1 staining, or TUNEL staining. Histopathological changes in tumour tissues were observed by H&E and TUNEL staining. RESULTS With no significant cytotoxicity against noncancerous cells (Vero cells), AE3G (5-50 μM) significantly and more effectively inhibited the growth, attachment, migration, Bcl-2 expression, and activation of MEK/ERK and Akt signalling proteins and induced cytochrome c release and Bax expression in A549 cells than AE. AE3G augmented the collapse of MMP, cleavage of caspases (caspase 9, 8, and 3) and PARP, and DNA fragmentation. Intraperitoneal injection of AE3G (13 and 26 mg/kg/day) reduced the tumour volume and weight and induced apoptotic cell death in tumour tissues of xenograft NSCLC mice. SIGNIFICANCE The present study demonstrated that AE3G significantly and more effectively diminished human NSCLC cell growth and migration by triggering mitochondria-dependent intrinsic apoptosis than AE, providing AE3G as a new potent candidate to prevent or treat human NSCLC.
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20
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Anti-aging effect of phlorizin on D-galactose-induced aging in mice through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, prevention of apoptosis, and regulation of the gut microbiota. Exp Gerontol 2022; 163:111769. [PMID: 35337894 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.111769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Aging is an inevitable and complicated process involving many physiological changes. Screening of natural biologically active anti-aging substances is a current research hotspot. Phlorizin (PZ), an important dihydrochalcone phytoconstituent, has been demonstrated to have antioxidant and anti-tumor effects. In this paper, different doses of PZ (20 and 40 mg/kg) were used to research the protective effect on D-galactose (D-gal)-induced aging mice. Following hematoxylin and eosin staining and by observing the hippocampus, we found that PZ alleviated the damage caused by D-gal in neuronal cells, while PZ enhanced the learning and memory abilities of aging mice in a radical eight-arm maze. In order to explain the reasons for these anti-aging effects, we tested the antioxidant enzyme activity and malonic dialdehyde concentration in mouse serum, liver, and brain tissue. The contents of proteins related to anti-inflammation and apoptosis in brain tissue were analyzed, and the gut microbiota was also analyzed. The results indicated that PZ improved antioxidant enzyme activity while significantly reducing the malonic dialdehyde content. Western blotting analysis suggested that PZ effectively alleviated neuro-apoptosis via regulating the expressions of Bax, Bcl-2, and caspase-3. PZ also exerted anti-inflammation effects by regulating the interleukin-1β/inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B alpha/nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B-cells signaling pathways in brain tissues. Importantly, PZ improved the structure and diversity of the gut microbiota, and the microbiota-gut-brain axis may hold a key role in PZ-induced anti-aging effects. In conclusion, PZ can be used as a potential drug candidate to combat aging.
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21
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Zhang Q, Sun Q, Tong Y, Bi X, Chen L, Lu J, Ding W. Leonurine attenuates cisplatin nephrotoxicity by suppressing the NLRP3 inflammasome, mitochondrial dysfunction, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Int Urol Nephrol 2022; 54:2275-2284. [PMID: 35106716 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-021-03093-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cisplatin has been widely accepted as an effective chemotherapy drug with various side effects, including nephrotoxicity. The mechanisms of cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) are complex, and there are limited renoprotective approaches. Leonurine is the main active compound of a Chinese herb and has recently been reported to have a protective effect on the kidneys. This study aimed to verify the renoprotective effect of leonurine in attenuating cisplatin-induced AKI and explore the potential associated mechanisms. METHODS C57BL/6 mice were divided into four groups (Sham, Cisplatin, Leonurine, and Cisplatin + Leonurine). Mice in the leonurine-treated groups were pretreated with a daily intraperitoneal injection of 25 mg/kg leonurine. AKI was induced by injecting cisplatin once intraperitoneally at 20 mg/kg body weight. Mice were killed on day 5. Kidney injury was assessed using a serum biochemical and histological assay. Apoptosis was evaluated using a terminal deoxyribonucleotide transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining assay and Western blot. Antioxidant enzymes were detected using commercial kits. The improvement in inflammasome activation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) were assessed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blot, respectively. RESULTS Leonurine treatment improved kidney function by preventing renal tubular injury and apoptosis. Expression of nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat and pyrin domain containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome components and inflammatory cytokines, mitochondrial dysfunction, and ERS were all alleviated by leonurine. CONCLUSION The results indicate that leonurine plays a protective role in cisplatin-induced AKI and may represent an effective multi-targeted intervention strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Qiuhong Sun
- Zibo Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 44 Dongyi Road, Shandong, 255020, China
| | - Yan Tong
- Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Xiao Bi
- Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Jianxin Lu
- Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China.
| | - Wei Ding
- Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China.
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22
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Taguchi K, Suzuki Y, Tsutsuura M, Hiraoka K, Watabe Y, Enoki Y, Otagiri M, Sakai H, Matsumoto K. Liposomal Artificial Red Blood Cell-Based Carbon Monoxide Donor Is a Potent Renoprotectant against Cisplatin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury. Pharmaceutics 2021; 14:pharmaceutics14010057. [PMID: 35056952 PMCID: PMC8780666 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14010057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin (CDDP) is an essential anti-tumor agent for chemotherapeutic regimens against various types of cancer. However, the progression of nephrotoxicity, which is the main adverse effect of CDDP, leads to discontinuation of CDDP chemotherapy. Therefore, development of a renoprotectant against CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity is crucial. Here, the potential of a carbon monoxide (CO)-loaded hemoglobin-vesicle (CO-HbV) as a renoprotectant for CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity was evaluated for its renoprotective effects against CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity, inhibitory effects on the anti-tumor activity of CDDP, and anti-tumor activity. In healthy mice, after pretreatment with either saline, HbV, or CO-HbV prior to CDDP administration, only the CO-HbV pretreatment group ameliorated the progression of CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity by suppressing apoptosis via caspase-3. In experiments using B16-F10 melanoma cells, the half-maximal inhibitory concentration of CDDP decreased with co-incubation with CO-HbV, owing to the anti-tumor activity of CO. CO-HbV pretreatment had no impact on the anti-tumor activity of CDDP in B16-F10 melanoma cell-bearing mice, which was consistent with the results of the cell experiment. Furthermore, CO-HbV pretreatment improved body growth and survival rates. In conclusion, CO-HbV pretreatment is a potent renoprotectant for CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity, allowing treatment with CDDP to be conducted without failure of cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuaki Taguchi
- Division of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan; (Y.S.); (M.T.); (K.H.); (Y.W.); (Y.E.); (K.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Yuto Suzuki
- Division of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan; (Y.S.); (M.T.); (K.H.); (Y.W.); (Y.E.); (K.M.)
| | - Moeko Tsutsuura
- Division of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan; (Y.S.); (M.T.); (K.H.); (Y.W.); (Y.E.); (K.M.)
| | - Kana Hiraoka
- Division of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan; (Y.S.); (M.T.); (K.H.); (Y.W.); (Y.E.); (K.M.)
| | - Yuki Watabe
- Division of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan; (Y.S.); (M.T.); (K.H.); (Y.W.); (Y.E.); (K.M.)
| | - Yuki Enoki
- Division of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan; (Y.S.); (M.T.); (K.H.); (Y.W.); (Y.E.); (K.M.)
| | - Masaki Otagiri
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan;
- DDS Research Institute, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
| | - Hiromi Sakai
- Department of Chemistry, Nara Medical University, Shijo-cho 840, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan;
| | - Kazuaki Matsumoto
- Division of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan; (Y.S.); (M.T.); (K.H.); (Y.W.); (Y.E.); (K.M.)
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23
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A winning strategy to improve the anticancer properties of Cisplatin and Quercetin based on the nanoemulsions formulation. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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24
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Du R, Lv Q, Hu W, Hou X, Zhou Y, Deng X, Sun L, Li L, Deng Y, Wang J. Phloretin potentiates polymyxin E activity against gram-negative bacteria. Life Sci 2021; 287:120085. [PMID: 34699905 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The spread of plasmid-mediated polymyxin resistance has jeopardized the use of polymyxin, the last defender that combats infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) gram-negative pathogens. MAIN METHODS In this study, phloretin, as a monomeric compound extracted from natural plants, showed a good synergistic effect with polymyxin E against gram-negative bacteria, as evaluated by minimal inhibit concentration (MIC) assay and a series of assays, including growth curve, time-killing, and Western blot assays. A model of mice infected by Salmonella sp. stain HYM2 was established to further identify the synergistic effect of phloretin with polymyxin E. KEY FINDINGS The results suggested that phloretin had the potential ability to recover the antibacterial sensitivity of polymyxin E from 64 μg/mL to no more than 2 μg/mL in E. coli ZJ478 or in Salmonella sp. stain HYM2 with a 32-fold decrease. A series of strains, including mcr-1-positive and mcr-1-negative strains, were treated with a combination of phloretin and polymyxin E, and the fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) values were all found to be below 0.5. However, the combination of phloretin and polymyxin E did not lead to bacterial resistance. In vivo, the survival rate of infected mice reached nearly 80% with the combination treatment, and the cecal colony value also decreased significantly. SIGNIFICANCE All the above results indicated that phloretin is a potential polymyxin potentiator to combat gram-negative stains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runbao Du
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qianghua Lv
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaoning Hou
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yonglin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xuming Deng
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Liping Sun
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130117, China
| | - Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanhong Deng
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China..
| | - Jianfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China..
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25
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Wang H, Olatunji OJ, Xue N. Antinociceptive, Anti-Hyperalgesia and Antiallodynic Activities of Polyphenol Rich Extract from Shorea roxburghii against Cyclophosphamide Induced Peripheral Neuropathy. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2100415. [PMID: 34374211 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cyclophosphamide (CYP) is a widely used antineoplastic and immunosuppressive drug, however, despite its efficacy, it has shown extensive multiple organ toxicities, including peripheral neuropathy which significantly affects the quality of life of cancer patients. This study elucidated the protective properties of Shorea roxburghii polyphenol extract (SLPE) in CYP-induced peripheral neuropathy. Rats were treated with SLPE (100 and 400 mg/kg) for five weeks plus CYP once a week from the second week of SLPE treatment. Using UHPLC-QTOF-MS, 54 polyphenolic compounds were identified in SLPE extract. After the treatment period the antinociceptive, anti-hyperalgesia and antiallodynic effects was evaluated using formalin paw edema, acetic acid abdominal writhing, hot plate, tail immersion and von Frey filament tests. While the locomotive and motor coordination effects were evaluated by open field and rotarod tests. The administration of CYP led to significant increases in mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia, in addition to hyper-nociceptive responses in the formalin and acetic acid writhing tests. CYP also significantly reduced locomotive activity and motor coordination. SLPE significantly protected against CYP-induced mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia. Furthermore, SLPE displayed robust antinociceptive effect by counteracting formalin and acetic acid induced hyper-nociception. In addition, SLPE increased the locomotive activity as well as the grip and motor coordination of the CYP treated rats. In conclusion, these results revealed the protective effects of SLPE against CYP-induced peripheral neuropathy and could be an effective therapeutic remedy for chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haili Wang
- Department of the Second Anaesthesia, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710068, P. R. China
| | - Opeyemi Joshua Olatunji
- Faculty of Thai Traditional Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90110, Thailand
| | - Na Xue
- Department of the Second Anaesthesia, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710068, P. R. China
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26
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YAYLA M, ÜN H, BİNNETOĞLU D. Neuroprotective effects of phloretin and phloridzin on paclitaxel-induced neuronal damage in primary neuron cells. CUKUROVA MEDICAL JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.17826/cumj.871862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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27
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Abd-Elhakim YM, Moselhy AAA, Aldhahrani A, Beheiry RR, Mohamed WAM, Soliman MM, Saffaf BA, M. El Deib M. Protective Effect of Curcumin against Sodium Salicylate-Induced Oxidative Kidney Damage, Nuclear Factor-Kappa Dysregulation, and Apoptotic Consequences in Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:826. [PMID: 34064189 PMCID: PMC8224369 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10060826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study examined the effect of sodium salicylates (SS), alone and in combination with curcumin (CUR), on kidney function and architecture in rats. Five rat groups were given 1 mL physiological saline/rat orally, 1 mL olive oil/rat orally, 50 mg CUR/kg bwt orally, 300 mg SS/kg bwt intraperitoneally, or CUR+SS for 15 days. The hematological indices, serum protein profile, serum electrolytes balance, oxidative stress, and lipid peroxidation of kidney tissues were assessed. The histopathological examination and immune expression of Caspase-3 and nuclear factor kappa (NF-κB) were conducted. The findings showed that SS injection induced nephrotoxic activity, including increased serum urea, creatinine, and uric acid levels. It also caused apparent pathological alterations with increased Caspase-3 and NF-κB immuno-expression. In addition, thrombocytopenia, leukocytosis, neutrophilia, hyponatremia, hypochloremia, hypocalcemia, and hypomagnesemia but not hyperkalemia and hyperphosphatemia were evident in SS-injected rats. Moreover, SS exposure increased serum α1 globulin, renal tissue malondialdehyde, and Caspase-3 levels but superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and Bcl-2 levels declined. Meanwhile, CUR significantly counteracted the SS harmful impacts on kidneys but SS+CUR co-administration induced an anemic condition. Overall, CUR has an evident protective role against SS-induced renal damage, but the disturbed hematological alterations should be carefully taken into consideration in their combined use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmina M. Abd-Elhakim
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Attia A. A. Moselhy
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;
| | - Adil Aldhahrani
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, Turabah University College, Taif University, Turabah 21995, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (M.M.S.)
| | - Rasha R. Beheiry
- Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;
| | - Wafaa A. M. Mohamed
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed Mohamed Soliman
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, Turabah University College, Taif University, Turabah 21995, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (M.M.S.)
| | - Bayan A. Saffaf
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University, City of the Future 41639, Egypt;
| | - Maha M. El Deib
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;
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28
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Gao C, Liu C, Chen Y, Wang Q, Hao Z. Protective effects of natural products against drug-induced nephrotoxicity: A review in recent years. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 153:112255. [PMID: 33989732 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Drug-induced nephrotoxicity (DIN) is a major cause of kidney damage and is associated with high mortality and morbidity, which limits the clinical use of certain therapeutic or diagnostic agents, such as antineoplastic drugs, antibiotics, immunosuppressive agents, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and contrast agents. However, in recent years, a number of studies have shown that many natural products (NPs), including phytochemicals, various plants extracts, herbal formulas, and NPs derived from animals, confer protective effects against DIN through multi-targeting therapeutic mechanisms, such as inhibition of oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, fibrosis, and necroptosis, regulation of autophagy, maintenance of cell polarity, etc., by regulating multiple signaling pathways and novel molecular targets. In this review, we summarize and discuss the protective effects and mechanisms underlying the action of NPs against DIN found in recent years, which will contribute to the development of promising renal protective agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Gao
- Innovation Center for Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Innovation Center for Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Yuwei Chen
- Innovation Center for Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830052, China
| | - Qingtao Wang
- Innovation Center for Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830052, China
| | - Zhihui Hao
- Innovation Center for Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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29
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Imig JD, Hye Khan MA, Burkhan A, Chen G, Adebesin AM, Falck JR. Kidney-Targeted Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acid Analog, EET-F01, Reduces Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2793. [PMID: 33801911 PMCID: PMC7998941 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22062793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Although epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EET) analogs have performed well in several acute and chronic kidney disease models, targeted delivery of EET analogs to the kidney can be reasonably expected to reduce the level of drug needed to achieve a therapeutic effect and obviate possible side effects. For EET analog kidney-targeted delivery, we conjugated a stable EET analog to folic acid via a PEG-diamine linker. Next, we compared the kidney targeted EET analog, EET-F01, to a well-studied EET analog, EET-A. EET-A or EET-F01 was infused i.v. and plasma and kidney tissue collected. EET-A was detected in the plasma but was undetectable in the kidney. On the other hand, EET-F01 was detected in the plasma and kidney. Experiments were conducted to compare the efficacy of EET-F01 and EET-A for decreasing cisplatin nephrotoxicity. Cisplatin was administered to WKY rats treated with vehicle, EET-A (10 mg/kg i.p.) or EET-F01 (20 mg/kg or 2 mg/kg i.p.). Cisplatin increased kidney injury markers, viz., blood urea nitrogen (BUN), N-acetyl-β-(D)-glucosaminidase (NAG), kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). EET-F01 was as effective as EET-A in decreasing BUN, NAG, KIM-1, TBARS, and renal histological injury caused by cisplatin. Despite its almost 2×-greater molecular weight compared with EET-A, EET-F01 was comparably effective in decreasing renal injury at a 10-fold w/w lower dose. EET-F01 decreased cisplatin nephrotoxicity by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation. These data demonstrate that EET-F01 targets the kidney, allows for a lower effective dose, and combats cisplatin nephrotoxicity. In conclusion, we have developed a kidney targeted EET analog, EET-F01, that demonstrates excellent potential as a therapeutic for kidney diseases.
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MESH Headings
- 8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid/analogs & derivatives
- 8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid/chemistry
- 8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid/pharmacokinetics
- 8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid/pharmacology
- Animals
- Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cisplatin
- Female
- Humans
- Inflammation/metabolism
- Inflammation/prevention & control
- Kidney/metabolism
- Kidney/pathology
- Kidney Diseases/chemically induced
- Kidney Diseases/metabolism
- Kidney Diseases/prevention & control
- Male
- Mice, Nude
- Oxidative Stress/drug effects
- Rats, Inbred WKY
- Tumor Burden/drug effects
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays/methods
- Mice
- Rats
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Affiliation(s)
- John D. Imig
- Drug Discovery Center and Cardiovascular Center, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA;
| | - Md Abdul Hye Khan
- Drug Discovery Center and Cardiovascular Center, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA;
| | - Anna Burkhan
- Drug Discovery Center and Cardiovascular Center, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA;
| | - Guan Chen
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA;
| | - Adeniyi Michael Adebesin
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (A.M.A.); (J.R.F.)
| | - John R. Falck
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (A.M.A.); (J.R.F.)
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