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Taheri M, Tehrani HA, Dehghani S, Alibolandi M, Arefian E, Ramezani M. Nanotechnology and bioengineering approaches to improve the potency of mesenchymal stem cell as an off-the-shelf versatile tumor delivery vehicle. Med Res Rev 2024; 44:1596-1661. [PMID: 38299924 DOI: 10.1002/med.22023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Targeting actionable mutations in oncogene-driven cancers and the evolution of immuno-oncology are the two prominent revolutions that have influenced cancer treatment paradigms and caused the emergence of precision oncology. However, intertumoral and intratumoral heterogeneity are the main challenges in both fields of precision cancer treatment. In other words, finding a universal marker or pathway in patients suffering from a particular type of cancer is challenging. Therefore, targeting a single hallmark or pathway with a single targeted therapeutic will not be efficient for fighting against tumor heterogeneity. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess favorable characteristics for cellular therapy, including their hypoimmune nature, inherent tumor-tropism property, straightforward isolation, and multilineage differentiation potential. MSCs can be loaded with various chemotherapeutics and oncolytic viruses. The combination of these intrinsic features with the possibility of genetic manipulation makes them a versatile tumor delivery vehicle that can be used for in vivo selective tumor delivery of various chemotherapeutic and biological therapeutics. MSCs can be used as biofactory for the local production of chemical or biological anticancer agents at the tumor site. MSC-mediated immunotherapy could facilitate the sustained release of immunotherapeutic agents specifically at the tumor site, and allow for the achievement of therapeutic concentrations without the need for repetitive systemic administration of high therapeutic doses. Despite the enthusiasm evoked by preclinical studies that used MSC in various cancer therapy approaches, the translation of MSCs into clinical applications has faced serious challenges. This manuscript, with a critical viewpoint, reviewed the preclinical and clinical studies that have evaluated MSCs as a selective tumor delivery tool in various cancer therapy approaches, including gene therapy, immunotherapy, and chemotherapy. Then, the novel nanotechnology and bioengineering approaches that can improve the potency of MSC for tumor targeting and overcoming challenges related to their low localization at the tumor sites are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Taheri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Abdul Tehrani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadegh Dehghani
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mona Alibolandi
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ehsan Arefian
- Department of Microbiology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
- Pediatric Cell and Gene Therapy Research Center, Gene, Cell & Tissue Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ramezani
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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2
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Švajger U, Kamenšek U. Interleukins and interferons in mesenchymal stromal stem cell-based gene therapy of cancer. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2024; 77:76-90. [PMID: 38508954 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2024.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment is importantly shaped by various cytokines, where interleukins (ILs) and interferons (IFNs) shape the balance of immune activity within tumor niche and associated lymphoid organs. Their importance in activation and tuning of both innate and adaptive immune responses prompted their use in several clinical trials, albeit with limited therapeutic efficacy and risk of toxicity due to systemic administration. Increasing preclinical evidence suggests that local delivery of ILs and IFNs could significantly increase their effectiveness, while simultaneously attenuate the known side effects and issues related to their biological activity. A prominent way to achieve this is to use cell-based delivery vehicles. For this purpose, mesenchymal stromal stem cells (MSCs) are considered an almost ideal candidate. Namely, MSCs can be obtained in large quantities and from obtainable sources (e.g. umbilical cord or adipose tissue), their ex vivo expansion is relatively straightforward compared to other cell types and they possess very low immunogenicity making them suitable for allogeneic use. Importantly, MSCs have shown an intrinsic capacity to respond to tumor-directed chemotaxis. This review provides a focused and detailed discussion on MSC-based gene therapy using ILs and IFNs, engineering techniques and insights on potential future advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urban Švajger
- Slovenian Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Department for Therapeutic Services, Šlajmerjeva Ulica 6, Ljubljana SI-1000, Slovenia; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva Cesta 7, Ljubljana SI-1000, Slovenia.
| | - Urška Kamenšek
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Zaloška Cesta 2, Ljubljana SI-1000, Slovenia; Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva Ulica 101, Ljubljana SI-1000, Slovenia
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3
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Karimi M, Mosaddad SA, Aghili SS, Dortaj H, Hashemi SS, Kiany F. Attachment and proliferation of human gingival fibroblasts seeded on barrier membranes using Wharton's jelly-derived stem cells conditioned medium: An in vitro study. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2024; 112:e35368. [PMID: 38247251 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The effect of Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells conditioned medium (WJMSCs-CM) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) on cultured human gingival fibroblasts on various barrier membranes was investigated in this study. In this study, human gingival fibroblasts were prepared and cultured on three membranes: collagen membrane, acellular dermal matrix (ADM) with ZnO-NPs, and ADM without ZnO-NPs. WJMSCs-CM was given to the testing groups, while control groups received the same membranes without WJMSCs-CM. Following 48 and 72 h, 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) tests were performed to assess cell survival. Cell proliferation on the membranes was also evaluated using 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining after 48 and 72 h. Field emission scanning electron microscopy was used to determine membrane surface structure and cell adhesion. Nanoparticles were also subjected to an energy-dispersive x-ray analysis to identify their chemical structure. Two-way analysis of variance was used to conduct the statistical analysis. The p-value ≤.05 was considered significant. When ADM-ZnO-NPs were combined with CM, fibroblast viability, and adhesion significantly differed from ADM-ZnO-NPs alone. DAPI results confirmed cell proliferation in all six groups on both experiment days. The abundance and concentrated distribution of cells during cell proliferation were found in CM-containing membranes, specifically the ADM-ZnO-NPs membrane, demonstrating the improved biocompatibility of the ADM-ZnO-NPs membrane for cell proliferation. The other groups did not significantly differ from one another. WJMSCs-CM positively affected the viability and proliferation of gingival fibroblasts, but only marginally. Under certain conditions, ZnO-NPs below a specific concentration increased the biocompatibility of the membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadreza Karimi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Ali Mosaddad
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Bucofacial Prosthesis, Faculty of Odontology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Seyedeh Sara Aghili
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hengameh Dortaj
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyedeh-Sara Hashemi
- Burn and Wound Healing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Farin Kiany
- Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Maurya DK, Sandur SK. Future Perspectives of Wharton's Jelly Mesenchymal Stem Cells and their Soluble Factors in Radioprotection. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 19:781-784. [PMID: 36655527 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x18666230119103905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Acute radiation syndrome (ARS) is also known as triple syndrome, which develops after whole-body radiation exposure. During unforeseen exposures, these syndromes are set in depending on the dose of radiation. Cell-based therapy, especially using stem cells and their soluble factors, is gaining wide attention in the field of regenerative medicine to treat various diseases, including degenerative diseases. Stem cells attract prime attention because of their profound inherent tissue repair capability and regeneration potential. Further, stem cell therapy can be one of the promising strategies for the amelioration of ARS because of its ability to lodge in damaged tissue and release regenerative cytokines by sensing the local injury. In this regard, human Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hWJ-MSCs) have gained substantial attention for their applications in the treatment of various human diseases due to several advantages offered by them. This article is intended to provide future perspective on the use of WJ-MSCs for the management of accidental radiation injury in pre-clinical models, and finally, their utility in regeneration of damaged tissues and organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmendra Kumar Maurya
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bio-Science Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400 085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Sandur
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bio-Science Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400 085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India
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Mehralizadeh H, Nazari A, Oruji F, Roostaie M, Hosseininozari G, Yazdani O, Esbati R, Roudini K. Cytokine sustained delivery for cancer therapy; special focus on stem cell- and biomaterial- based delivery methods. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 247:154528. [PMID: 37257247 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
As immune regulators, cytokines serve critical role as signaling molecules in response to danger, tissue damage, or injury. Importantly, due to their vital role in immunological surveillance, cytokine therapy has become a promising therapeutics for cancer therapy. Cytokines have, however, been used only in certain clinical settings. Two key characteristics of cytokines contribute to this clinical translational challenge: first, they are highly pleiotropic, and second, in healthy physiology, they are typically secreted and act very locally in tissues. Systemic administration of the cytokines can consequently result in serious side effects. Thus, scientists have sought various strategies to circumvent theses hurdles. Recent in vivo reports signify that cytokine delivery platforms can increase their safety and therapeutic efficacy in tumor xenografts. Meanwhile, cytokine delivery using multipotent stem cells, in particular mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs), and also a diversity of particles and biomaterials has demonstrated greater capability in this regards. Herein, we take a glimpse into the recent advances in cytokine sustained delivery using stem cells and also biomaterials to ease safe and effective treatments of a myriad of human tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmad Nazari
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshid Oruji
- College of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Minoo Roostaie
- School of Medicine, Islamic Azad University Tehran Medical Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghazaleh Hosseininozari
- Department of Cell and Molecular biology, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran
| | - Omid Yazdani
- Department of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Romina Esbati
- Department of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Kamran Roudini
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cancer Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
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The Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Exosomes in Tumor Development and Targeted Antitumor Therapies. Stem Cells Int 2023; 2023:7059289. [PMID: 36824409 PMCID: PMC9943627 DOI: 10.1155/2023/7059289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be isolated from various tissues in adults and differentiated into cells of the osteoblasts, adipocytes, chondrocytes, and myocytes. Recruitments of MSCs towards tumors have a crucial contribution to tumor development. However, the role of MSCs in the tumor microenvironment is uncertain. In addition, due to its tropism to the tumor and low immunogenic properties, more and more pieces of evidence indicate that MSCs may be an ideal carrier for antitumor biologics such as cytokines, chemotherapeutic agents, and oncolytic viruses. Here, we review the existing knowledge on the anti- and protumorigenic effect of MSCs and their extracellular vesicles and exosomes, the role of MSCs, and their extracellular vesicles and exosomes as antitumor vectors.
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7
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Ding W, Zhang K, Li Q, Xu L, Ma Y, Han F, Zhu L, Sun X. Advances in Understanding the Roles of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Lung Cancer. Cell Reprogram 2023; 25:20-31. [PMID: 36594933 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2022.0133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common and deadliest type of cancer worldwide. Research concerning lung cancer has made considerable progress in recent decades, but lung cancer remains the leading cause of malignancy-related mortality rate. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) mainly exist in fat, umbilical cord blood, bone marrow, bone, and muscle. MSCs are a primary component of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Recent studies have shown that MSCs have roles in lung cancer-related proliferation, invasion, migration, and angiogenesis, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Because MSCs can migrate to the TME, there is increasing attention toward the use of MSCs in drugs or gene vectors for cancer treatment. This review summarizes the roles and effects of MSCs in lung cancer, while addressing clinical applications of MSCs in lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Ding
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.,Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.,Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Kexin Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.,Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Qinying Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.,Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Linfei Xu
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yanhui Ma
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Fang Han
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.,Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.,Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Liang Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.,Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Xiaodong Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.,Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
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Gudauskaitė G, Kairienė I, Ivaškienė T, Rascon J, Mobasheri A. Therapeutic Perspectives for the Clinical Application of Umbilical Cord Hematopoietic and Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Overcoming Complications Arising After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1409:111-126. [PMID: 35995905 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2022_726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on the therapeutic features of umbilical cord blood (UCB) cells as a source for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (aHSCT) in adult and child populations to treat malignant and nonmalignant hematologic diseases, genetic disorders, or pathologies of the immune system, when standard treatment (e.g., chemotherapy) is not effective or clinically contraindicated. In this article, we summarize the immunological properties and the advantages and disadvantages of using UCB stem cells and discuss a variety of treatment outcomes using different sources of stem cells from different donors both in adults and pediatric population. We also highlight the critical properties (total nucleated cell dose depending on HLA compatibility) of UCB cells that reach better survival rates, reveal the advantages of double versus single cord blood unit transplantation, and present recommendations from the most recent studies. Moreover, we summarize the mechanism of action and potential benefit of mesenchymal umbilical cord cells and indicate the most common posttransplantation complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greta Gudauskaitė
- State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ignė Kairienė
- Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Tatjana Ivaškienė
- State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Jelena Rascon
- Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ali Mobasheri
- State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania.
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
- World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Public Health Aspects of Musculoskeletal Health and Aging, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium.
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Teixo R, Pires AS, Pereira E, Serambeque B, Marques IA, Laranjo M, Mojsilović S, Gramignoli R, Ponsaerts P, Schoeberlein A, Botelho MF. Application of Perinatal Derivatives on Oncological Preclinical Models: A Review of Animal Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:8570. [PMID: 35955703 PMCID: PMC9369310 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing cancer incidence has certified oncological management as one of the most critical challenges for the coming decades. New anticancer strategies are still needed, despite the significant advances brought to the forefront in the last decades. The most recent, promising therapeutic approaches have benefitted from the application of human perinatal derivatives (PnD), biological mediators with proven benefits in several fields beyond oncology. To elucidate preclinical results and clinic outcomes achieved in the oncological field, we present a narrative review of the studies resorting to animal models to assess specific outcomes of PnD products. Recent preclinical evidence points to promising anticancer effects offered by PnD mediators isolated from the placenta, amniotic membrane, amniotic fluid, and umbilical cord. Described effects include tumorigenesis prevention, uncontrolled growth or regrowth inhibition, tumor homing ability, and adequate cell-based delivery capacity. Furthermore, PnD treatments have been described as supportive of chemotherapy and radiological therapies, particularly when resistance has been reported. However, opposite effects of PnD products have also been observed, offering support and trophic effect to malignant cells. Such paradoxical and dichotomous roles need to be intensively investigated. Current hypotheses identify as explanatory some critical factors, such as the type of the PnD biological products used or the manufacturing procedure to prepare the tissue/cellular treatment, the experimental design (including human-relevant animal models), and intrinsic pathophysiological characteristics. The effective and safe translation of PnD treatments to clinical practice relies on the collaborative efforts of all researchers working with human-relevant oncological preclinical models. However, it requires proper guidelines and consensus compiled by experts and health workers who accurately describe the methodology of tissue collection, PnD isolation, manufacturing, preservation, and delivery to the final user.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Teixo
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (R.T.); (E.P.); (B.S.); (I.A.M.); (M.L.); (M.F.B.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Salomé Pires
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (R.T.); (E.P.); (B.S.); (I.A.M.); (M.L.); (M.F.B.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Eurico Pereira
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (R.T.); (E.P.); (B.S.); (I.A.M.); (M.L.); (M.F.B.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Beatriz Serambeque
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (R.T.); (E.P.); (B.S.); (I.A.M.); (M.L.); (M.F.B.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Inês Alexandra Marques
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (R.T.); (E.P.); (B.S.); (I.A.M.); (M.L.); (M.F.B.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mafalda Laranjo
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (R.T.); (E.P.); (B.S.); (I.A.M.); (M.L.); (M.F.B.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Slavko Mojsilović
- Group for Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, 11129 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Roberto Gramignoli
- Division of Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden;
- Department of Pathology, Medicinsk Cancer Diagnostik, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 64 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Peter Ponsaerts
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (Vaxinfectio), University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium;
| | - Andreina Schoeberlein
- Department of Obstetrics and Feto-Maternal Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland;
- Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Maria Filomena Botelho
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (R.T.); (E.P.); (B.S.); (I.A.M.); (M.L.); (M.F.B.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
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Yang T, Tang S, Peng S, Ding G. The Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Oral Cancer and Possible Therapy Regime. Front Genet 2022; 13:949770. [PMID: 35846142 PMCID: PMC9280436 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.949770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are characterized by self-renewal, rapid proliferation, multipotent differentiation, and low immunogenicity. In addition, the tropism of MSCs towards injured tissues and tumor lesions makes them attractive candidates as cell carriers for therapeutic agent delivery and genetic material transfer. The interaction between tumor cells and MSCs in the tumor microenvironment plays an important role in tumor progression. Oral cancer is one of the most common malignant diseases in the head and neck. Although considerable improvements in the treatment of oral cancer were achieved, more effective and safer novel agents and treatments are still needed, and deeper studies on the etiology, pathology, and treatment of the oral cancer are desirable. In the past decades, many studies have reported the beneficial effects of MSCs-based therapies in the treatment of various diseases, including oral cancers. Meanwhile, other studies demonstrated that MSCs may enhance the growth and metastasis of oral cancer. In this paper, we reviewed the research progress of the effects of MSCs on oral cancers, the underlying mechanisms, and their potential applications in the treatment of oral cancers.
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11
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Cell-based drug delivery systems and their in vivo fate. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 187:114394. [PMID: 35718252 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cell-based drug delivery systems (DDSs) have received attention recently because of their unique biological properties and self-powered functions, such as excellent biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, long circulation time, tissue-homingcharacteristics, and ability to cross biological barriers. A variety of cells, including erythrocytes, stem cells, and lymphocytes, have been explored as functional vectors for the loading and delivery of various therapeutic payloads (e.g., small-molecule and nucleic acid drugs) for subsequent disease treatment. These cell-based DDSs have their own unique in vivo fates, which are attributed to various factors, including their biological properties and functions, the loaded drugs and loading process, physiological and pathological circumstances, and the body's response to these carrier cells, which result in differences in drug delivery efficiency and therapeutic effect. In this review, we summarize the main cell-based DDSs and their biological properties and functions, applications in drug delivery and disease treatment, and in vivo fate and influencing factors. We envision that the unique biological properties, combined with continuing research, will enable development of cell-based DDSs as friendly drug vectors for the safe, effective, and even personalized treatment of diseases.
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Maurya DK, Bandekar M, Sandur SK. Soluble factors secreted by human Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stromal/stem cells exhibit therapeutic radioprotection: A mechanistic study with integrating network biology. World J Stem Cells 2022; 14:347-361. [PMID: 35722198 PMCID: PMC9157603 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v14.i5.347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human Wharton’s jelly-derived mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (hWJ-MSCs) have gained considerable attention in their applications in cell-based therapy due to several advantages offered by them. Recently, we reported that hWJ-MSCs and their conditioned medium have significant therapeutic radioprotective potential. This finding raised an obvious question to identify unique features of hWJ-MSCs over other sources of stem cells for a better understanding of its radioprotective mechanism.
AIM To understand the radioprotective mechanism of soluble factors secreted by hWJ-MSCs and identification of their unique genes.
METHODS Propidium iodide staining, endogenous spleen colony-forming assay, and survival study were carried out for radioprotection studies. Homeostasis-driven proliferation assay was performed for in vivo lymphocyte proliferation. Analysis of RNAseq data was performed to find the unique genes of WJ-MSCs by comparing them with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, embryonic stem cells, and human fibroblasts. Gene enrichment analysis and protein-protein interaction network were used for pathway analysis.
RESULTS Co-culture of irradiated murine splenic lymphocytes with WJ-MSCs offered significant radioprotection to lymphocytes. WJ-MSC transplantation increased the homeostasis-driven proliferation of the lymphocytes. Neutralization of WJ-MSC conditioned medium with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor antibody abolished therapeutic radioprotection. Transcriptome analysis showed that WJ-MSCs share several common genes with bone marrow MSCs and embryonic stem cells and express high levels of unique genes such as interleukin (IL)1-α, IL1-β, IL-6, CXCL3, CXCL5, CXCL8, CXCL2, CCL2, FLT-1, and IL-33. It was also observed that WJ-MSCs preferentially modulate several cellular pathways and processes that handle the repair and regeneration of damaged tissues compared to stem cells from other sources. Cytokine-based network analysis showed that most of the radiosensitive tissues have a more complex network for the elevated cytokines.
CONCLUSION Systemic infusion of WJ-MSC conditioned media will have significant potential for treating accidental radiation exposed victims.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmendra Kumar Maurya
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, Maharashtra, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Mayuri Bandekar
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, Maharashtra, India
- University of Mumbai, Kalina, Mumbai 400098, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Sandur
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, Maharashtra, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
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13
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Metsiou DN, Kozaniti FK, Deligianni DD. Engineering Breast Cancer Cells and hUMSCs Microenvironment in 2D and 3D Scaffolds: A Mechanical Study Approach of Stem Cells in Anticancer Therapy. Bioengineering (Basel) 2021; 8:bioengineering8110189. [PMID: 34821755 PMCID: PMC8615245 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering8110189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell biomechanics plays a major role as a promising biomarker for early cancer diagnosis and prognosis. In the present study, alterations in modulus of elasticity, cell membrane roughness, and migratory potential of MCF-7 (ER+) and SKBR-3 (HER2+) cancer cells were elucidated prior to and post treatment with conditioned medium from human umbilical mesenchymal stem cells (hUMSCs-CM) during static and dynamic cell culture. Moreover, the therapeutic potency of hUMSCs-CM on cancer cell’s viability, migratory potential, and F-actin quantified intensity was addressed in 2D surfaces and 3D scaffolds. Interestingly, alterations in ER+ cancer cells showed a positive effect of treatment upon limiting cell viability, motility, and potential for migration. Moreover, increased post treatment cell stiffness indicated rigid cancer cells with confined cell movement and cytoskeletal alterations with restricted lamellipodia formation, which enhanced these results. On the contrary, the cell viability and the migratory potential were not confined post treatment with hUMSCs-CM on HER2+ cells, possibly due to their intrinsic aggressiveness. The increased post treatment cell viability and the decreased cell stiffness indicated an increased potency for cell movement. Hence, the therapy had no efficacy on HER2+ cells.
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14
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Razeghian E, Margiana R, Chupradit S, Bokov DO, Abdelbasset WK, Marofi F, Shariatzadeh S, Tosan F, Jarahian M. Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells as a Vehicle for Cytokine Delivery: An Emerging Approach for Tumor Immunotherapy. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:721174. [PMID: 34513882 PMCID: PMC8430327 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.721174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pro-inflammatory cytokines can effectively be used for tumor immunotherapy, affecting every step of the tumor immunity cycle. Thereby, they can restore antigen priming, improve the effector immune cell frequencies in the tumor microenvironment (TME), and eventually strengthen their cytolytic function. A renewed interest in the anticancer competencies of cytokines has resulted in a substantial promotion in the number of trials to address the safety and efficacy of cytokine-based therapeutic options. However, low response rate along with the high toxicity associated with high-dose cytokine for reaching desired therapeutic outcomes negatively affect their clinical utility. Recently, mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) due to their pronounced tropism to tumors and also lower immunogenicity have become a promising vehicle for cytokine delivery for human malignancies. MSC-based delivery of the cytokine can lead to the more effective immune cell-induced antitumor response and provide sustained release of target cytokines, as widely evidenced in a myriad of xenograft models. In the current review, we offer a summary of the novel trends in cytokine immunotherapy using MSCs as a potent and encouraging carrier for antitumor cytokines, focusing on the last two decades' animal reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Razeghian
- Human Genetics Division, Medical Biotechnology Department, National Institute of Genetics Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Ria Margiana
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, The National Referral Hospital, Central Jakarta, Indonesia
- Master's Programme Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Supat Chupradit
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Dmitry O. Bokov
- Institute of Pharmacy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Federal Research Center of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russia
| | - Walid Kamal Abdelbasset
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Physical Therapy, Kasr Al-Aini Hospital, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Faroogh Marofi
- Immunology Research Center (IRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Siavash Shariatzadeh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Foad Tosan
- Student Research Committee, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Mostafa Jarahian
- Toxicology and Chemotherapy Unit (G401), German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
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15
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Hassanzadeh A, Altajer AH, Rahman HS, Saleh MM, Bokov DO, Abdelbasset WK, Marofi F, Zamani M, Yaghoubi Y, Yazdanifar M, Pathak Y, Chartrand MS, Jarahian M. Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cell-Based Delivery: A Rapidly Evolving Strategy for Cancer Therapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:686453. [PMID: 34322483 PMCID: PMC8311597 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.686453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSC)-based therapy has become an attractive and advanced scientific research area in the context of cancer therapy. This interest is closely linked to the MSC-marked tropism for tumors, suggesting them as a rational and effective vehicle for drug delivery for both hematological and solid malignancies. Nonetheless, the therapeutic application of the MSCs in human tumors is still controversial because of the induction of several signaling pathways largely contributing to tumor progression and metastasis. In spite of some evidence supporting that MSCs may sustain cancer pathogenesis, increasing proofs have indicated the suppressive influences of MSCs on tumor cells. During the last years, a myriad of preclinical and some clinical studies have been carried out or are ongoing to address the safety and efficacy of the MSC-based delivery of therapeutic agents in diverse types of malignancies. A large number of studies have focused on the MSC application as delivery vehicles for tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), chemotherapeutic drug such as gemcitabine (GCB), paclitaxel (PTX), and doxorubicin (DOX), prodrugs such as 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) and ganciclovir (GCV), and immune cell-activating cytokines along with oncolytic virus. In the current review, we evaluate the latest findings rendering the potential of MSCs to be employed as potent gene/drug delivery vehicle for inducing tumor regression with a special focus on the in vivo reports performed during the last two decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Hassanzadeh
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Heshu Sulaiman Rahman
- College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Komar University of Science and Technology, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
| | - Marwan Mahmood Saleh
- Department of Biophysics, College of Applied Sciences, University of Anbar, Ramadi, Iraq
| | - Dmitry O. Bokov
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Walid Kamal Abdelbasset
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Physical Therapy, Kasr Al-Aini Hospital, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Faroogh Marofi
- Immunology Research Center (IRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Majid Zamani
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Yoda Yaghoubi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahboubeh Yazdanifar
- Stem Cell Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - Yashwant Pathak
- Professor and Associate Dean for Faculty Affairs, Taneja College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
- Adjunct Professor, Faculty of Pharmacy, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | | | - Mostafa Jarahian
- German Cancer Research Center, Toxicology and Chemotherapy Unit (G401), Heidelberg, Germany
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16
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Zhuang WZ, Lin YH, Su LJ, Wu MS, Jeng HY, Chang HC, Huang YH, Ling TY. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cell-based therapy: mechanism, systemic safety and biodistribution for precision clinical applications. J Biomed Sci 2021; 28:28. [PMID: 33849537 PMCID: PMC8043779 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-021-00725-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are a promising resource for cell-based therapy because of their high immunomodulation ability, tropism towards inflamed and injured tissues, and their easy access and isolation. Currently, there are more than 1200 registered MSC clinical trials globally. However, a lack of standardized methods to characterize cell safety, efficacy, and biodistribution dramatically hinders the progress of MSC utility in clinical practice. In this review, we summarize the current state of MSC-based cell therapy, focusing on the systemic safety and biodistribution of MSCs. MSC-associated risks of tumor initiation and promotion and the underlying mechanisms of these risks are discussed. In addition, MSC biodistribution methodology and the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cell therapies are addressed. Better understanding of the systemic safety and biodistribution of MSCs will facilitate future clinical applications of precision medicine using stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Zhan Zhuang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.,TMU Research Center of Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Heng Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10041, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Yunlin, 64041, Taiwan
| | - Long-Jyun Su
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Shiue Wu
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Han-Yin Jeng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.,TMU Research Center of Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Huan-Cheng Chang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 106, Taiwan.,Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hua Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan. .,TMU Research Center of Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan. .,International PhD Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan. .,Center for Reproductive Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan. .,Comprehensive Cancer Center of Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan. .,The PhD Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Thai-Yen Ling
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan. .,Research Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
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17
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Widowati W, Murti H, Widyastuti H, Laksmitawati DR, Rizal R, Widya Kusuma HS, Sumitro SB, Widodo MA, Bachtiar I. Decreased Inhibition of Proliferation and Induction of Apoptosis in Breast Cancer Cell Lines (T47D and MCF7) from Treatment with Conditioned Medium Derived from Hypoxia-Treated Wharton's Jelly MSCs Compared with Normoxia-Treated MSCs. Int J Hematol Oncol Stem Cell Res 2021; 15:77-89. [PMID: 34466206 PMCID: PMC8381107 DOI: 10.18502/ijhoscr.v15i2.6038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are an appealing source of adult stem cells for cell therapy due to the high rate of proliferation, self-renewal capability, and applicable therapy. Wharton’s jelly (WJ), the main component of the umbilical cord extracellular matrix, comprises multipotent stem cells with a high proliferation rate and self-renewal capability and has anti-cancer properties. MSCs have been reported to secrete a variety of cytokines that have a cytotoxic effect in various cancers. Oxygen tension affects MSCs proliferation, cytokines level but no in surface markers expression, MSCs’ differentiation. We explored the cytotoxic effect and inducing apoptosis of Wharton’s jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) secretions from normoxic WJMSCs (WJMSCs-norCM) (CM: conditioned medium) and hypoxic WJMSCs (WJMSCs-hypoCM) in breast cancer cell lines (T47D and MCF7). Materials and Methods: Cytotoxic activity was determined using the MTS assay. RT-PCR was performed to measure the expression of apoptosis-inducing genes, specifically P53, BAX, and CASP9, and the antiapoptotic gene BCL-2. Results: WJMSCs-norCM and WJMSCs-hypoCM were potent inhibitors of the proliferation in both cell lines. WJMSCs-norCM had more anticancer activity in T47D and MCF7. The IC50 value of WJMSCs-norCM on MCF7 was 42.34%, and on T47D was 42.36%. WJMSCs-norCM significantly induced the gene expression of apoptotic P53, BAX, and CASP9 and insignificantly decreased the antiapoptotic gene BCL-2 in both MCF7 and T47D cells. WJMSCs-CM has anticancer activity by inducing P53, BAX, and CASP9 apoptotic genes. Conclusion: WJMSCs-norCM has more anticancer activity than WJMSCs-hypoCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wahyu Widowati
- Faculty of Medicine, Maranatha Christian University, Jl. Prof. drg.. Suria Sumantri No.65, Bandung 40164, Indonesia
| | - Harry Murti
- Stem Cell and Cancer Institute, Jl. A Yani No 2 Pulo Mas, Jakarta 13210, Indonesia
| | - Halida Widyastuti
- Stem Cell and Cancer Institute, Jl. A Yani No 2 Pulo Mas, Jakarta 13210, Indonesia
| | - Dian Ratih Laksmitawati
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pancasila University, Jl. Raya Lenteng Agung No.56-80 Jakarta 12640, Indonesia
| | - Rizal Rizal
- Biomolecular and Biomedical Research Center, Aretha Medika Utama,, Jl. Babakan Jeruk II No. 9, Bandung 40163, Indonesia.,Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Jl. Kampus UI, Depok 16426, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Hanna Sari Widya Kusuma
- Biomolecular and Biomedical Research Center, Aretha Medika Utama,, Jl. Babakan Jeruk II No. 9, Bandung 40163, Indonesia
| | - Sutiman Bambang Sumitro
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University, Jl. Veteran, Ketawanggede Malang 65145, Indonesia
| | - M Aris Widodo
- Pharmacology Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University Jl. Veteran, Ketawanggede Malang 65145,, Indonesia
| | - Indra Bachtiar
- Stem Cell and Cancer Institute, Jl. A Yani No 2 Pulo Mas, Jakarta 13210, Indonesia
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18
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Stefańska K, Mehr K, Wieczorkiewicz M, Kulus M, Angelova Volponi A, Shibli JA, Mozdziak P, Skowroński MT, Antosik P, Jaśkowski JM, Piotrowska-Kempisty H, Kempisty B, Dyszkiewicz-Konwińska M. Stemness Potency of Human Gingival Cells-Application in Anticancer Therapies and Clinical Trials. Cells 2020; 9:cells9081916. [PMID: 32824702 PMCID: PMC7464983 DOI: 10.3390/cells9081916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Gingivae, as the part of periodontium, are involved in tooth support and possess the ability to heal rapidly, without scar formation. Recently, dental tissues have been identified as a potential source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and several populations of MSCs were isolated from the orofacial region, including gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs). GMSCs exhibit robust immunomodulatory and differentiation potential and are easily obtainable, which make them promising candidates for cellular therapies. Apart from being tested for application in immunologic- and inflammatory-related disorders and various tissue regeneration, GMSCs promise to be a valuable tool in cancer treatment, especially in tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) with the use of targeted therapy, since GMSCs are able to selectively migrate towards the cancerous cells both in vitro and in vivo. In addition to their ability to uptake and release anti-neoplastic drugs, GMSCs may be transduced with apoptosis-inducing factors and used for cancer growth inhibition. Moreover, GMSCs, as most mammalian cells, secrete exosomes, which are a subset of extracellular vesicles with a diameter of 40–160 nm, containing DNA, RNA, lipids, metabolites, and proteins. Such GMSCs-derived exosomes may be useful therapeutic tool in cell-free therapy, as well as their culture medium. GMSCs exhibit molecular and stem-cell properties that make them well suited in preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Stefańska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Święcickiego St., 60-781 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Mehr
- Department of Gerostomatology and Pathology of Oral Cavity, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 70 Bukowska St., 60-812 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Maria Wieczorkiewicz
- Department of Basic and Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 7 Gagarina St., 87-100 Torun, Poland; (M.W.); (M.T.S.)
| | - Magdalena Kulus
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 7 Gagarina St., 87-100 Torun, Poland; (M.K.); (P.A.)
| | - Ana Angelova Volponi
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, Dental Institute, King’s College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK;
| | - Jamil A. Shibli
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, R. Eng. Prestes Maia, 88-Centro, São Paulo 07023-070, Brazil;
| | - Paul Mozdziak
- Physiology Graduate Program, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 7608, Raleigh, NC 27695-7608, USA;
| | - Mariusz T. Skowroński
- Department of Basic and Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 7 Gagarina St., 87-100 Torun, Poland; (M.W.); (M.T.S.)
| | - Paweł Antosik
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 7 Gagarina St., 87-100 Torun, Poland; (M.K.); (P.A.)
| | - Jędrzej M. Jaśkowski
- Department of Diagnostics and Clinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 7 Gagarina St., 87-100 Torun, Poland;
| | - Hanna Piotrowska-Kempisty
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 30 Dojazd St., 60-631 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Bartosz Kempisty
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 7 Gagarina St., 87-100 Torun, Poland; (M.K.); (P.A.)
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Święcickiego St., 60-781 Poznan, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +48-61-8546565
| | - Marta Dyszkiewicz-Konwińska
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Święcickiego St., 60-781 Poznan, Poland;
- Department of Biomaterials and Experimental Dentistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 70 Bukowska St., 60-812 Poznan, Poland
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19
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Genetically engineered mesenchymal stem cells: targeted delivery of immunomodulatory agents for tumor eradication. Cancer Gene Ther 2020; 27:854-868. [PMID: 32418986 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-020-0179-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy emerged as a novel therapeutic option that employs enhanced or amended native immune system to create a robust response against malignant cells. The systemic therapies with immune-stimulating cytokines have resulted in substantial dose-limiting toxicities. Targeted cytokine immunotherapy is being explored to overcome the heterogeneity of malignant cells and tumor cell defense with a remarkable reduction of systemic side effects. Cell-based strategies, such as dendritic cells (DCs), fibroblasts or mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) seek to minimize the numerous toxic side effects of systemic administration of cytokines for extended periods of time. The usual toxicities comprised of a vascular leak, hypotension, and respiratory insufficiency. Natural and strong tropism of MSCs toward malignant cells made them an ideal systemic delivery vehicle to direct the proposed therapeutic genes to the vicinity of a tumor where their expression could evoke an immune reaction against the tumor. Compared with other methods, the delivery of cytokines via engineered MSCs is safer and renders a more practical, and promising strategy. Large numbers of genes code for cytokines have been utilized to reengineer MSCs as therapeutic cells. This review highlights the recent findings on the cytokine gene therapy for human malignancies by focusing on MSCs application in cancer immunotherapy.
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20
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Hypoxic Wharton's Jelly Stem Cell Conditioned Medium Induces Immunogenic Cell Death in Lymphoma Cells. Stem Cells Int 2020; 2020:4670948. [PMID: 32377203 PMCID: PMC7189315 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4670948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells from Wharton's jelly of the human umbilical cord (hWJSCs), and the conditioned medium (hWJSC-CM) prepared from them, were shown to be tumoricidal on many cancers. However, these tumoricidal effects were observed in hWJSCs grown under normoxic conditions of 21% oxygen in the laboratory. Since oxygen concentrations in the stem cell niche or physiological microenvironment are hypoxic and help to maintain stemness properties, the objective of this work was to evaluate whether there were differences in the tumoricidal properties of hWJSC-CM grown in 21% O2 (normoxic) or 5% O2 (hypoxic) environments. The results showed that hWJSCs grown under normoxic or hypoxic conditions showed no distinct morphological differences in culture and remained positive in trilineage differentiation into adipocytes, osteocytes, and chondrocytes. Hypoxic hWJSCs expressed the mesenchymal stem cell surface markers CD105, CD90, CD73, CD146, and CD108 similar to normoxic hWJSCs but were negative for the hematopoietic markers CD14, CD19, CD34, CD45, CD117, and HLA-DR. Hypoxic hWJSC-CM produced a significantly greater reduction in cell viability and a significantly greater increase in apoptosis, oxidative stress, and lipid peroxidation in human lymphoma cells compared to normoxic hWJSC-CM. Hypoxic hWJSC-CM also produced significantly greater expression of immunogenic cell death (ICD) hallmarks such as surface-bound calreticulin, HSP70, HSP90, and high mobility group binding 1 proteins and significantly decreased expression of the defense molecules CD47 and PD-L1. This study showed that the tumoricidal effect of hypoxic hWJSC-CM was superior to normoxic hWJSC-CM and should be the preferred choice of preparing hWJSC-CM for the induction of ICD on lymphoma cells.
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21
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Human Wharton's Jelly-Cellular Specificity, Stemness Potency, Animal Models, and Current Application in Human Clinical Trials. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9041102. [PMID: 32290584 PMCID: PMC7230974 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9041102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell therapies offer a great promise for regenerative and reconstructive medicine, due to their self-renewal and differentiation capacity. Although embryonic stem cells are pluripotent, their utilization involves embryo destruction and is ethically controversial. Therefore, adult tissues that have emerged as an alternative source of stem cells and perinatal tissues, such as the umbilical cord, appear to be particularly attractive. Wharton's jelly, a gelatinous connective tissue contained in the umbilical cord, is abundant in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that express CD105, CD73, CD90, Oct-4, Sox-2, and Nanog among others, and have the ability to differentiate into osteogenic, adipogenic, chondrogenic, and other lineages. Moreover, Wharton's jelly-derived MSCs (WJ-MSCs) do not express MHC-II and exhibit immunomodulatory properties, which makes them a good alternative for allogeneic and xenogeneic transplantations in cellular therapies. Therefore, umbilical cord, especially Wharton's jelly, is a promising source of mesenchymal stem cells.
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Du L, Liang Q, Ge S, Yang C, Yang P. The growth inhibitory effect of human gingiva-derived mesenchymal stromal cells expressing interferon-β on tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells and xenograft model. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:224. [PMID: 31358054 PMCID: PMC6664557 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1320-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interferon-β (IFN-β) is a cytokine with pleiotropic cellular functions, including antiviral, antiproliferative, and immunomodulatory activities. IFN-β inhibits multiple tumor cell growth in vitro. However, the contradiction between the therapeutic dose of IFN-β and its maximally tolerated dose is still inextricable in vivo. Human gingiva-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (GMSCs) represent promising vehicles for cancer gene therapy. This study evaluated the potential of GMSCs genetically engineered to produce IFN-β as a targeted gene delivery system to treat tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) in vitro and in vivo. METHODS A lentiviral vector encoding IFN-β was constructed and transfected into GMSCs to obtain IFN-β gene-modified GMSCs (GMSCs/IFN-β). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the IFN-β concentration in conditioned medium (CM) from GMSCs/IFN-β. The Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8), colony formation assay, and flow cytometry were used to detect the effects of GMSCs/IFN-β on TSCC cell line CAL27 cell growth and apoptosis in vitro. TSCC xenograft model was developed by subcutaneous injection of CAL27 cells into BALB/c nude mouse, and the role of intravenously injected GMSCs/IFN-β in engrafting in TSCC and controlling tumor progression was measured in vivo. RESULTS GMSCs/IFN-β expressed a high level of IFN-β. Both CCK8 and colony forming assay showed that GMSCs/IFN-β significantly inhibited the proliferation of CAL27 cells compared with the GMSCs, GMSCs/vector, or DMEM group. Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that the CAL27 cell apoptosis rate was higher in the GMSCs/IFN-β group than in the other three groups. The in vivo experiment revealed that GMSCs/IFN-β engrafted selectively in TSCC xenograft and expressed a high level of IFN-β. There were smaller tumor volume and lower number of Ki67-positive cells in the GMSCs/IFN-β group than in the GMSCs, GMSCs/vector, or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) group. Interestingly, GMSCs and GMSCs/vector also presented the potential of CAL27 cell growth inhibition in vitro and in vivo, although such an effect was weaker than GMSCs/IFN-β. CONCLUSIONS GMSCs/IFN-β inhibits the proliferation of TSCC cells in vitro and in vivo. These results provide evidence that delivery of IFN-β by GMSCs may be a promising approach to develop an effective treatment option for TSCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingqian Du
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033 Shandong People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012 Shandong People’s Republic of China
| | - Qianyu Liang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012 Shandong People’s Republic of China
- Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shaohua Ge
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012 Shandong People’s Republic of China
- Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengzhe Yang
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Qilu Hospital and Institute of Stomatology, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012 Shandong People’s Republic of China
| | - Pishan Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012 Shandong People’s Republic of China
- Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
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Cortes-Dericks L, Galetta D. The therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells in lung cancer: benefits, risks and challenges. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2019; 42:727-738. [PMID: 31254169 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-019-00459-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is one of the most challenging diseases to treat. In the past decades standard therapy including surgery, chemo- and radiation therapy, alone or in combination has not changed the high mortality rate and poor prognosis. In recent years, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have emerged as putative therapeutic tools due to their intrinsic tumor tropism, anti-tumor and immunoregulatory properties. MSCs release biomolecules that are thought to exert the same beneficial effects as their cellular counterparts and, as such, they may offer practical possibilities of using MSC-secreted products. Owing to their innate affinity to home to tumor sites, MSCs have also gained interest as selective vehicles for the delivery of anti-cancer agents. However, MSCs are also known to confer pro-oncogenic effects, rendering them into double-sword weapons against neoplastic diseases. CONCLUSIONS Here, we present published data on the cell- and secretome-based therapeutic competences of MSCs, as well as on their potential as engineered delivery vectors for the treatment of lung cancer. Despite the controversial role of MSCs in the context of lung cancer therapy, current findings support hopeful perspectives to harness the potential of MSC-based regimens that may augment current treatment modalities in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Domenico Galetta
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
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Stamatopoulos A, Stamatopoulos T, Gamie Z, Kenanidis E, Ribeiro RDC, Rankin KS, Gerrand C, Dalgarno K, Tsiridis E. Mesenchymal stromal cells for bone sarcoma treatment: Roadmap to clinical practice. J Bone Oncol 2019; 16:100231. [PMID: 30956944 PMCID: PMC6434099 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2019.100231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past few decades, there has been growing interest in understanding the molecular mechanisms of cancer pathogenesis and progression, as it is still associated with high morbidity and mortality. Current management of large bone sarcomas typically includes the complex therapeutic approach of limb salvage or sacrifice combined with pre- and postoperative multidrug chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy, and is still associated with high recurrence rates. The development of cellular strategies against specific characteristics of tumour cells appears to be promising, as they can target cancer cells selectively. Recently, Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSCs) have been the subject of significant research in orthopaedic clinical practice through their use in regenerative medicine. Further research has been directed at the use of MSCs for more personalized bone sarcoma treatments, taking advantage of their wide range of potential biological functions, which can be augmented by using tissue engineering approaches to promote healing of large defects. In this review, we explore the use of MSCs in bone sarcoma treatment, by analyzing MSCs and tumour cell interactions, transduction of MSCs to target sarcoma, and their clinical applications on humans concerning bone regeneration after bone sarcoma extraction.
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Key Words
- 5-FC, 5-fluorocytosine
- AAT, a1-antitrypsin
- APCs, antigen presenting cells
- ASC, adipose-derived stromal/stem cells
- Abs, antibodies
- Ang1, angiopoietin-1
- BD, bone defect
- BMMSCs, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells
- Biology
- Bone
- CAM, cell adhesion molecules
- CCL5, chemokine ligand 5
- CCR2, chemokine receptor 2
- CD, classification determinants
- CD, cytosine deaminase
- CLUAP1, clusterin associated protein 1
- CSPG4, Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4
- CX3CL1, chemokine (C-X3-C motif) ligand 1
- CXCL12/CXCR4, C-X-C chemokine ligand 12/ C-X-C chemokine receptor 4
- CXCL12/CXCR7, C-X-C chemokine ligand 12/ C-X-C chemokine receptor 7
- CXCR4, chemokine receptor type 4
- Cell
- DBM, Demineralized Bone Marrow
- DKK1, dickkopf-related protein 1
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- EMT, epithelial-mesenchymal transition
- FGF-2, fibroblast growth factors-2
- FGF-7, fibroblast growth factors-7
- GD2, disialoganglioside 2
- HER2, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2
- HGF, hepatocyte growth factor
- HMGB1/RACE, high mobility group box-1 protein/ receptor for advanced glycation end-products
- IDO, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase
- IFN-α, interferon alpha
- IFN-β, interferon beta
- IFN-γ, interferon gamma
- IGF-1R, insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor
- IL-10, interleukin-10
- IL-12, interleukin-12
- IL-18, interleukin-18
- IL-1b, interleukin-1b
- IL-21, interleukin-21
- IL-2a, interleukin-2a
- IL-6, interleukin-6
- IL-8, interleukin-8
- IL11RA, Interleukin 11 Receptor Subunit Alpha
- MAGE, melanoma antigen gene
- MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1
- MMP-2, matrix metalloproteinase-2
- MMP2/9, matrix metalloproteinase-2/9
- MRP, multidrug resistance protein
- MSCs, mesenchymal stem/stromal cells
- Mesenchymal
- NF-κB, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
- OPG, osteoprotegerin
- Orthopaedic
- PBS, phosphate-buffered saline
- PDGF, platelet-derived growth factor
- PDX, patient derived xenograft
- PEDF, pigment epithelium-derived factor
- PGE2, prostaglandin E2
- PI3K/Akt, phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B
- PTX, paclitaxel
- RANK, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B
- RANKL, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand
- RBCs, red blood cells
- RES, reticuloendothelial system
- RNA, ribonucleic acid
- Regeneration
- SC, stem cells
- SCF, stem cells factor
- SDF-1, stromal cell-derived factor 1
- STAT-3, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3
- Sarcoma
- Stromal
- TAAs, tumour-associated antigens
- TCR, T cell receptor
- TGF-b, transforming growth factor beta
- TGF-b1, transforming growth factor beta 1
- TNF, tumour necrosis factor
- TNF-a, tumour necrosis factor alpha
- TRAIL, tumour necrosis factor related apoptosis-inducing ligand
- Tissue
- VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor
- VEGFR, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor
- WBCs, white blood cell
- hMSCs, human mesenchymal stromal cells
- rh-TRAIL, recombinant human tumour necrosis factor related apoptosis-inducing ligand
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Stamatopoulos
- Academic Orthopaedic Unit, Papageorgiou General Hospital, Aristotle University Medical School, West Ring Road of Thessaloniki, Pavlos Melas Area, N. Efkarpia, 56403 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Center of Orthopaedics and Regenerative Medicine (C.O.RE.), Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (C.I.R.I.), Aristotle University Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Theodosios Stamatopoulos
- Academic Orthopaedic Unit, Papageorgiou General Hospital, Aristotle University Medical School, West Ring Road of Thessaloniki, Pavlos Melas Area, N. Efkarpia, 56403 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Center of Orthopaedics and Regenerative Medicine (C.O.RE.), Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (C.I.R.I.), Aristotle University Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Zakareya Gamie
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Paul O'Gorman Building, Medical School, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Eustathios Kenanidis
- Academic Orthopaedic Unit, Papageorgiou General Hospital, Aristotle University Medical School, West Ring Road of Thessaloniki, Pavlos Melas Area, N. Efkarpia, 56403 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Center of Orthopaedics and Regenerative Medicine (C.O.RE.), Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (C.I.R.I.), Aristotle University Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ricardo Da Conceicao Ribeiro
- School of Mechanical and Systems Engineering, Stephenson Building, Claremont Road, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Kenneth Samora Rankin
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Paul O'Gorman Building, Medical School, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Craig Gerrand
- Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Brockley Hill, Stanmore, HA7 4LP, UK
| | - Kenneth Dalgarno
- School of Mechanical and Systems Engineering, Stephenson Building, Claremont Road, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Eleftherios Tsiridis
- Academic Orthopaedic Unit, Papageorgiou General Hospital, Aristotle University Medical School, West Ring Road of Thessaloniki, Pavlos Melas Area, N. Efkarpia, 56403 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Center of Orthopaedics and Regenerative Medicine (C.O.RE.), Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (C.I.R.I.), Aristotle University Thessaloniki, Greece
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Christodoulou I, Goulielmaki M, Devetzi M, Panagiotidis M, Koliakos G, Zoumpourlis V. Mesenchymal stem cells in preclinical cancer cytotherapy: a systematic review. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:336. [PMID: 30526687 PMCID: PMC6286545 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-1078-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) comprise a heterogeneous population of rapidly proliferating cells that can be isolated from adult (e.g., bone marrow, adipose tissue) as well as fetal (e.g., umbilical cord) tissues (termed bone marrow (BM)-, adipose tissue (AT)-, and umbilical cord (UC)-MSC, respectively) and are capable of differentiation into a wide range of non-hematopoietic cell types. An additional, unique attribute of MSC is their ability to home to tumor sites and to interact with the local supportive microenvironment which rapidly conceptualized into MSC-based experimental cancer cytotherapy at the turn of the century. Towards this purpose, both naïve (unmodified) and genetically modified MSC (GM-MSC; used as delivery vehicles for the controlled expression and release of antitumorigenic molecules) have been employed using well-established in vitro and in vivo cancer models, albeit with variable success. The first approach is hampered by contradictory findings regarding the effects of naïve MSC of different origins on tumor growth and metastasis, largely attributed to inherent biological heterogeneity of MSC as well as experimental discrepancies. In the second case, although the anti-cancer effect of GM-MSC is markedly improved over that of naïve cells, it is yet apparent that some protocols are more efficient against some types of cancer than others. Regardless, in order to maximize therapeutic consistency and efficacy, a deeper understanding of the complex interaction between MSC and the tumor microenvironment is required, as well as examination of the role of key experimental parameters in shaping the final cytotherapy outcome. This systematic review represents, to the best of our knowledge, the first thorough evaluation of the impact of experimental anti-cancer therapies based on MSC of human origin (with special focus on human BM-/AT-/UC-MSC). Importantly, we dissect the commonalities and differences as well as address the shortcomings of work accumulated over the last two decades and discuss how this information can serve as a guide map for optimal experimental design implementation ultimately aiding the effective transition into clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Christodoulou
- Institute of Biological Research and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation (NHRF), Konstantinou 48 Av., 116 35, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Goulielmaki
- Institute of Biological Research and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation (NHRF), Konstantinou 48 Av., 116 35, Athens, Greece
| | - Marina Devetzi
- Institute of Biological Research and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation (NHRF), Konstantinou 48 Av., 116 35, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - Vassilis Zoumpourlis
- Institute of Biological Research and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation (NHRF), Konstantinou 48 Av., 116 35, Athens, Greece.
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Bakrania AK, Variya BC, Patel SS. Role of β-Interferon Inducer (DEAE-Dextran) in Tumorigenesis by VEGF and NOTCH1 Inhibition along with Apoptosis Induction. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:930. [PMID: 29311933 PMCID: PMC5742137 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
As a novel target for breast cancer, interferon inducers have found its role as anti-angiogenic agents with diethylaminoethyl dextran (DEAE-Dextran) being a molecule used for centuries as a transfection agent. Our results herein offer an explanation for the emergence of DEAE-Dextran as an anti-tumor agent for TNBC with in-depth mechanistic approach as an anti-angiogenic molecule. DEAE-Dextran has found to possess cytotoxic activity demonstrated during the various in vitro cytotoxicity assays; moreover, as an anti-oxidant, DEAE-Dextran has shown to possess excellent reactive oxygen species scavenging activity. The interferon inducing capacity of DEAE-Dextran was determined qualitatively as well as quantitatively specifically demonstrating overexpression of β-interferon. As a measure of anti-proliferative activity, DEAE-Dextran exhibited reduced ki67, p53, and PCNA levels. Also, overexpression of CK5/6 and p63 in DEAE-Dextran treated animals indicated improvement in breast cell morphology along with an improvement in cell–cell adhesion by virtue of upregulation of β-catenin and E-cadherin. Anti-angiogenic property of DEAE-Dextran was concluded by the downregulation of CD31, VEGF, and NOTCH1 both in vivo and in vitro. Further, apoptosis due to DEAE-Dextran, initially determined by downregulation of Bcl2, was confirmed with flow cytometry. Overall, results are defensive of DEAE-Dextran as an emerging anti-tumor agent with mechanisms pertaining to β-interferon induction with probable VEGF and NOTCH1 inhibition as well as apoptosis which still needs to be studied in further depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita K Bakrania
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Bhavesh C Variya
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, India.,Zydus Research Centre, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Snehal S Patel
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, India
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27
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Silini AR, Cancelli S, Signoroni PB, Cargnoni A, Magatti M, Parolini O. The dichotomy of placenta-derived cells in cancer growth. Placenta 2017; 59:154-162. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2017.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Ishiguro S, Uppalapati D, Goldsmith Z, Robertson D, Hodge J, Holt H, Nakashima A, Turner K, Tamura M. Exopolysaccharides extracted from Parachlorella kessleri inhibit colon carcinoma growth in mice via stimulation of host antitumor immune responses. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175064. [PMID: 28380056 PMCID: PMC5381895 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The newly purified extracellular polysaccharides (exopolysaccharides) from Parachlorella kessleri (PCEPS) were evaluated on their antitumor and immunomodulatory effects in cell culture and mouse colon carcinoma peritoneal dissemination model. In two-dimensional cell culture, the PCEPS treatment inhibited cell growth of both murine and human colon carcinoma cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. In contrast, the growth of mouse splenocytes (SPLs) and bone marrow cells (BMCs) were stimulated by the treatment with PCEPS. The treatment with PCEPS also increased specific subpopulations of the cells in BMCs: antigen presenting cells (CD19+ B cells, 33D1+ dendritic cells and CD68+ macrophage) and CD8+ cytotoxic T cells. In three-dimensional spheroid culture, spheroid growth of CT26 cells co-cultured with HL-60 human neutrophilic promyeloblasts and Jurkat cells (human lymphoblasts), but not THP-1 human monocyte/macrophage was significantly attenuated by PCEPS treatment. In a mouse CT26 colon carcinoma peritoneal dissemination model, intraperitoneal injection of PCEPS (10 mg/kg, twice per week) significantly attenuated the growth of CT26 colon carcinoma in syngeneic mice. The present study suggests that PCEPS inhibits colon carcinoma growth via direct cell growth inhibition and a stimulation of the host antitumor immune responses. Taken together, the current study suggests that exopolysaccharides derived from Parachlorella kessleri contain significant bioactive materials that inhibit colon carcinoma growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susumu Ishiguro
- Departments of Anatomy & Physiology, Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Deepthi Uppalapati
- Departments of Anatomy & Physiology, Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Zachary Goldsmith
- Departments of Anatomy & Physiology, Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Dana Robertson
- Departments of Anatomy & Physiology, Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Jacob Hodge
- Departments of Anatomy & Physiology, Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Hayley Holt
- Departments of Anatomy & Physiology, Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Arashi Nakashima
- Departments of Anatomy & Physiology, Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Katie Turner
- Departments of Anatomy & Physiology, Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Masaaki Tamura
- Departments of Anatomy & Physiology, Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, Kansas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Zhang C, Yang SJ, Wen Q, Zhong JF, Chen XL, Stucky A, Press MF, Zhang X. Human-derived normal mesenchymal stem/stromal cells in anticancer therapies. J Cancer 2017; 8:85-96. [PMID: 28123601 PMCID: PMC5264043 DOI: 10.7150/jca.16792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) not only plays a pivotal role during cancer progression and metastasis, but also has profound effects on therapeutic efficacy. Stromal cells of the TME are increasingly becoming a key consideration in the development of active anticancer therapeutics. However, dispute concerning the role of stromal cells to fight cancer continues because the use of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) as an anticancer agent is dependent on the specific MSCs subtype, in vitro or in vivo conditions, factors secreted by MSCs, types of cancer cell lines and interactions between MSCs, cancer cells and host immune cells. In this review, we mainly focus on the role of human-derived normal MSCs in anticancer therapies. We first discuss the use of different MSCs in the therapies for various cancers. We then focus on their anticancer mechanism and clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, People's Republic of China.; Division of Periodontology, Diagnostic Sciences & Dental Hygiene, and Division of Biomedical Sciences, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.; Norris Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Shi-Jie Yang
- Department of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, People's Republic of China.; Division of Periodontology, Diagnostic Sciences & Dental Hygiene, and Division of Biomedical Sciences, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.; Norris Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Qin Wen
- Department of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, People's Republic of China.; Division of Periodontology, Diagnostic Sciences & Dental Hygiene, and Division of Biomedical Sciences, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.; Norris Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Jiang F Zhong
- Division of Periodontology, Diagnostic Sciences & Dental Hygiene, and Division of Biomedical Sciences, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.; Norris Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Xue-Lian Chen
- Division of Periodontology, Diagnostic Sciences & Dental Hygiene, and Division of Biomedical Sciences, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.; Norris Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Andres Stucky
- Division of Periodontology, Diagnostic Sciences & Dental Hygiene, and Division of Biomedical Sciences, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.; Norris Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Michael F Press
- Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, People's Republic of China.; Division of Periodontology, Diagnostic Sciences & Dental Hygiene, and Division of Biomedical Sciences, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.; Norris Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
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30
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Biological and biomechanical analysis of two types of mesenchymal stem cells for intervention in chemotherapy-induced ovarian dysfunction. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2016; 295:247-252. [PMID: 27928675 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-016-4224-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The study aim was to investigate the biological and biomechanical features of a chemotherapy-induced ovarian dysfunction (CIOD) rat model after intervention with human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) and human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (h-AMSCs), thus providing a biological and biomechanical research basis for clinical treatment. METHODS The serum levels of estradiol (E2), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the rat CIOD models were evaluated on the 14th, 30th, 60th, and 90th day of intervention with h-AMSCs and UC-MSCs. In addition, the ovaries in each group were sampled on the 14th and 90th day of intervention for tissue morphology and tensile testing. RESULTS The serum levels of E2, LH, and VEGF in the h-AMSC and UC-MSC groups were greater than in the model group, but the serum FSH level was less than in the model group, and the differences were significant (P < 0.05); the maximum tensile stress and maximum strain in h-AMSC and UC-MSC groups were significantly greater than in the model group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS UC-MSC and h-AMSC intervention restored damaged ovarian morphology, elasticity, and toughness to a certain extent, and ovarian function showed some recovery.
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Ishiguro S, Cai S, Uppalapati D, Turner K, Zhang T, Forrest WC, Forrest ML, Tamura M. Intratracheal Administration of Hyaluronan-Cisplatin Conjugate Nanoparticles Significantly Attenuates Lung Cancer Growth in Mice. Pharm Res 2016; 33:2517-29. [PMID: 27335023 PMCID: PMC5007205 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-016-1976-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine aerosol administration capability and therapeutic efficacy of the new formulation of hyaluronan cisplatin conjugates, HylaPlat™ (HA-Pt), for lung cancer treatment. METHODS In vitro formulation stability test, 2D and 3D spheroid cell culture and in vivo efficacy studies using mouse orthotopic allograft models were conducted. RESULTS The HA-Pt effectively attenuated cell growth in 2D and 3D cultures with IC50 of 2.62 and 5.36 μM, respectively, which were comparable to those with unconjugated control cisplatin-dependent growth inhibition (IC50 1.64 and 4.63 μM, respectively). A single dose of either 7.5 or 15 mg/kg HA-Pt (cisplatin equivalent) by intratracheal aerosol spray 7 days after Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cell inoculation markedly inhibited growth of LLC allografts in mouse lungs and resulted in a 90 or 94% reduction of tumor nodule numbers, respectively, as compared to those from the PBS control. Cancer stem cells and cisplatin resistant cells marker, CD44 expression decreased in the tumor nodules of the HA-Pt but not in those of cisplatin treated groups. CONCLUSIONS The current study suggests that an intratracheal aerosol administration of the HA-Pt nanoparticles offers an effective strategy for lung cancer treatment and this treatment may induce only limited cisplatin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susumu Ishiguro
- Department of Anatomy & Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, 210 Coles Hall, Manhattan, Kansas, 66506, USA
| | - Shuang Cai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, 66047, USA
- HylaPharm LLC, Lawrence, Kansas, 66047, USA
| | - Deepthi Uppalapati
- Department of Anatomy & Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, 210 Coles Hall, Manhattan, Kansas, 66506, USA
| | - Katie Turner
- Department of Anatomy & Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, 210 Coles Hall, Manhattan, Kansas, 66506, USA
| | - Ti Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, 66047, USA
| | | | - M Laird Forrest
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, 66047, USA
- HylaPharm LLC, Lawrence, Kansas, 66047, USA
| | - Masaaki Tamura
- Department of Anatomy & Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, 210 Coles Hall, Manhattan, Kansas, 66506, USA.
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Tang YM, Bao WM, Yang JH, Ma LK, Yang J, Xu Y, Yang LH, Sha F, Xu ZY, Wu HM, Zhou W, Li Y, Li YH. Umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells inhibit growth and promote apoptosis of HepG2 cells. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:2717-24. [PMID: 27485485 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is the fifth most common type of cancer worldwide and remains difficult to treat. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from the umbilical cord (UC‑MSCs) on HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells. UC‑MSCs were co‑cultured with HepG2 cells and biomarkers of UC‑MSCs were analyzed by flow cytometry. mRNA and protein expression of genes were determined by reverse transcription‑polymerase chain reaction and flow cytometry, respectively. Passage three and seven UC‑MSCs expressed CD29, CD44, CD90 and CD105, whereas CD34 and CD45 were absent on these cells. Co‑culture with UC‑MSCs inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis of HepG2 cells in a time‑dependent manner. The initial seeding density of UC‑MSCs also influenced the proliferation and apoptosis of HepG2 cells, with an increased number of UC‑MSCs causing enhanced proliferation inhibition and cell apoptosis. Co‑culture with UC‑MSCs downregulated mRNA and protein expression of α‑fetoprotein (AFP), Bcl‑2 and Survivin in HepG2 cells. Thus, UC‑MSCs may inhibit growth and promote apoptosis of HepG2 cells through downregulation of AFP, Bcl‑2 and Survivin. US-MSCs may be used as a novel therapy for treating hepatocellular carcinoma in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Mei Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Research Center for Liver Diseases, Kunming, Yunnan 650033, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Min Bao
- Department of General Surgery, Yunnan Provincial 1st People's Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Hui Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Research Center for Liver Diseases, Kunming, Yunnan 650033, P.R. China
| | - Lin-Kun Ma
- Department of Ophthamology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650033, P.R. China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Research Center for Liver Diseases, Kunming, Yunnan 650033, P.R. China
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Research Center for Liver Diseases, Kunming, Yunnan 650033, P.R. China
| | - Li-Hong Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Research Center for Liver Diseases, Kunming, Yunnan 650033, P.R. China
| | - Feng Sha
- Department of Gastroenterology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Research Center for Liver Diseases, Kunming, Yunnan 650033, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Yuan Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Research Center for Liver Diseases, Kunming, Yunnan 650033, P.R. China
| | - Hua-Mei Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Research Center for Liver Diseases, Kunming, Yunnan 650033, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Research Center for Liver Diseases, Kunming, Yunnan 650033, P.R. China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Research Center for Liver Diseases, Kunming, Yunnan 650033, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Hua Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Research Center for Liver Diseases, Kunming, Yunnan 650033, P.R. China
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Activated human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells suppress metastatic features of MDA-MB-231 cells by secreting IFN-β. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2191. [PMID: 27077807 PMCID: PMC4855669 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Our recent study showed that human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (hMSCs) are activated to express tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) by exposure to TNF-α and these activated hMSCs effectively induce apoptosis in triple-negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 (MDA) cells in vitro and in vivo. Here, we further demonstrated that activated hMSCs not only induced apoptosis of MDA cells but also reduced metastatic features in MDA cells. These activated hMSC-exposed MDA cells showed reduced tumorigenicity and suppressed formation of lung metastasis when implanted in the mammary fat pad. Surprisingly, the activated hMSC-exposed MDA cells increased TRAIL expression, resulting in apoptosis in MDA cells. Interestingly, upregulation of TRAIL in MDA cells was mediated by interferon-beta (IFN-β) secreted from activated hMSCs. Furthermore, IFN-β in activated hMSCs was induced by RNA and DNA released from apoptotic MDA cells in absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) and IFN induced with helicase C domain 1 (IFIH1)-dependent manners. These observations were only seen in the TRAIL-sensitive breast cancer cell lines but not in the TRAIL-resistant breast cancer cell lines. Consistent with these results, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis also showed that lack of innate sensors detecting DNA or RNA is strongly associated with poor survival in estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer patients. In addition, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) isolated from a breast cancer patient were also able to express TRAIL and IFN-β upon DNA and RNA stimulation. Therefore, our results suggest that the crosstalk between TRAIL-sensitive cancer cells and stromal cells creates a tumor-suppressive microenvironment and further provide a novel therapeutic approach to target stromal cells within cancer microenvironment for TRAIL sensitive cancer treatment.
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Lin HD, Fong CY, Biswas A, Choolani M, Bongso A. Human Umbilical Cord Wharton's Jelly Stem Cell Conditioned Medium Induces Tumoricidal Effects on Lymphoma Cells Through Hydrogen Peroxide Mediation. J Cell Biochem 2016; 117:2045-55. [PMID: 27392313 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Several groups have reported that human umbilical cord Wharton's jelly stem cells (hWJSCs) possess unique tumoricidal properties against many cancers. However, the exact mechanisms as to how hWJSCs inhibit tumor growth are not known. Recent evidence suggests that exposure of cancer cells to high hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) levels from H2 O2 -releasing drugs causes their death. We therefore explored whether the tumoricidal effect of hWJSCs on lymphoma cells was mediated via H2 O2 . We first exposed lymphoma cells to six different molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) concentrates of hWJSC-conditioned medium (hWJSC-CM) (3, 5, 10, 30, 50, 100 kDa) for 48 h. Since, the 3 kDa-MWCO concentrate showed the greatest cell inhibition we then investigated whether the tumoricidal effect of the specific 3 kDa-MWCO concentrate on two different lymphoma cell lines (Ramos and Toledo) was mediated via accumulation of H2 O2 . We used a battery of assays (MTT, propidium iodide, mitochondria membrane potential, apoptosis, cell cycle, oxidative stress enzymes, hydrogen peroxide, mitochondrial superoxide, hydroxyl radical, peroxynitrile anion, and lipid peroxidation) to test this mechanism. The hWJSC-CM-3 kDa MWCO concentrate significantly decreased cell viability and mitochondrial membrane potential and increased cell death and apoptosis in both lymphoma cell lines. There were significant increases in superoxide dismutase with concomitant decreases in glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and thioredoxin peroxidase activities. H2 O2 levels, mitochondrial superoxide, hydroxyl radical, peroxynitrile anion, and lipid peroxidation were also significantly increased in both lymphoma cell lines. The results suggested that the hWJSC-CM-3 kDa MWCO concentrate regulates cellular H2 O2 leading to a tumoricidal effect and may thus be a promising anti-lymphoma agent. J. Cell. Biochem. 117: 2045-2055, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Daniel Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Chui-Yee Fong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Arijit Biswas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Mahesh Choolani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Ariff Bongso
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, 119228, Singapore
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Wharton's Jelly-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Fibroblast-Derived Extracellular Matrix Synergistically Activate Apoptosis in a p21-Dependent Mechanism in WHCO1 and MDA MB 231 Cancer Cells In Vitro. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:4842134. [PMID: 26880967 PMCID: PMC4737007 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4842134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumour microenvironment plays a crucial role in tumour progression and comprises tumour stroma which is made up of different cell types and the extracellular matrix (ECM). Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are part of the tumour stroma and may have conflicting effects on tumour growth. In this study we investigated the effect of Wharton's Jelly-derived MSCs (WJ-MSCs) and a fibroblast-derived ECM (fd-ECM) on esophageal (WHCO1) and breast (MDA MB 231) cancer cells in vitro. Both WJ-MSCs and the fd-ECM, alone or in combination, downregulate PCNA, cyclin D1, Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, and MMPs and upregulate p53 and p21. p21 induction resulted in G2 phase cell cycle arrest and induced apoptosis in vitro. Our data suggest that p21 induction is via p53-dependent and p53-independent mechanisms in WHCO1 and MDA MB 231 cells, respectively. Vascular endothelial growth factor, Akt, and Nodal pathways were downregulated in cancer cells cocultured with WJ-MSCs. We also demonstrate that WJ-MSCs effects on cancer cells appear to be short-lived whilst the fd-ECM effect is long-lived. This study shows the influence of tumour microenvironment on cancer cell behaviour and provides alternative therapeutic targets for potential regulation of tumour cells.
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Alhakamy NA, Ishiguro S, Uppalapati D, Berkland CJ, Tamura M. AT2R Gene Delivered by Condensed Polylysine Complexes Attenuates Lewis Lung Carcinoma after Intravenous Injection or Intratracheal Spray. Mol Cancer Ther 2016; 15:209-18. [PMID: 26637367 PMCID: PMC4707093 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-15-0448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Transfection efficiency and toxicity concerns remain a challenge for gene therapy. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPP) have been broadly investigated to improve the transfection of genetic material (e.g., pDNA and siRNA). Here, a synthetic CPP (polylysine, K9 peptide) was complexed with angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R) plasmid DNA (pAT2R) and complexes were condensed using calcium chloride. The resulting complexes were small (∼150 nm) and showed high levels of gene expression in vitro and in vivo. This simple nonviral formulation approach showed negligible cytotoxicity in four different human cell lines (cervix, breast, kidney, and lung cell lines) and one mouse cell line (a lung cancer cell line). In addition, this K9-pDNA-Ca(2+) complex demonstrated cancer-targeted gene delivery when administered via intravenous injection or intratracheal spray. The transfection efficiency was evaluated in Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cell lines cultured in vitro and in orthotopic cancer grafts in syngeneic mice. Immunohistochemical analysis confirmed that the complex effectively delivered pAT2R to the cancer cells, where it was expressed mainly in cancer cells along with bronchial epithelial cells. A single administration of these complexes markedly attenuated lung cancer growth, offering preclinical proof-of-concept for a novel nonviral gene delivery method exhibiting effective lung tumor gene therapy via either intravenous or intratracheal administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil A Alhakamy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas
| | - Susumu Ishiguro
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
| | - Deepthi Uppalapati
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
| | - Cory J Berkland
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas. Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas.
| | - Masaaki Tamura
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas.
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Karaöz E, İnci Ç. Umbilical Cord Tissue and Wharton’s Jelly Mesenchymal Stem Cells Properties and Therapeutic Potentials. PERINATAL TISSUE-DERIVED STEM CELLS 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-46410-7_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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CHEN HUI, TANG QIULING, WU XIAOYING, XIE LICHUN, LIN LIMIN, HO GUYU, MA LIAN. Differentiation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells into germ-like cells in mouse seminiferous tubules. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:819-28. [PMID: 25815600 PMCID: PMC4438948 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2013] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous study demonstrated that human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUMSCs) were capable of differentiation into germ cells in vitro. To assess this potential in vivo, HUMSCs were microinjected into the lumen of seminiferous tubules of immunocompetent mice, which were treated with busulfan to destroy endogenous spermatogenesis. Bromodeoxyuridine labeling studies demonstrated that HUMSCs survived in the tubule for at least 120 days, exhibited a round cell shape typical of proliferating or differentiating germ cells, migrated to the basement of the tubule, where proliferating spermatogonia reside and returned to the luminal compartment, where differentiating spermatids and spermatozoa reside. The migration pattern resembled that of germ cell development in vivo. Immunohistochemical and colocalization studies revealed that transplanted HUMSCs expressed the germ cell markers octamer-binding transcription factor 4, α6 integrin, C-kit and VASA, confirming the germ cell differentiation. In addition, it was observed that tubules transplanted with HUMSCs exhibited marked improvement in the histological features damaged by the chemotherapeutic busulfan, as judged by morphology and quantitative histology. Taken together, these data demonstrated the capacity of HUMSCs to form germ cells in the testes and to repair testicular tissue. These findings suggest a potential utility of HUMSCs to treat the infertility and testicular insufficiency caused by cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- HUI CHEN
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - QIU-LING TANG
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - XIAO-YING WU
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - LI-CHUN XIE
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - LI-MIN LIN
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - GU-YU HO
- Department of Transformation Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - LIAN MA
- Department of Pediatrics, Shenzhen Pingshan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518122, P.R. China
- Correspondence to: Professor Lian Ma, Department of Pediatrics, Shenzhen Pingshan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, 6 Longxing South Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518122, P.R. China, E-mail:
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Li T, Xia M, Gao Y, Chen Y, Xu Y. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells: an overview of their potential in cell-based therapy. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2015; 15:1293-306. [PMID: 26067213 DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2015.1051528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUC-MSCs) are one of the typical adult stem cells; they have superiorities including low immunogenicity, non-invasive harvest procedure, easy expansion in vitro, and ethical access compared with stem cells from other sources. Therefore, HUC-MSCs are a promising candidate for cell-based therapy. AREAS COVERED Here we reviewed the development of stem cell-based therapy, the manufacturing and banking process of HUC-MSCs, the emerging clinical studies in the field of cancer, central nervous system diseases, liver diseases and graft-versus-host disease, the potential therapeutic mechanisms, as well as challenges of HUC-MSCs in clinical translation. EXPERT OPINION HUC-MSCs seem to be an optimal choice for stem cell-based therapy. However, before the cells translate from basic to clinical research, some problems still remain to be solved: i) building regulatory guidelines as well as an efficient and safe manufacturing procedure; ii) establishing donor's genetic testing and long-term closely monitoring system; iii) conducting further clinical trials to determine the optimum and standard dosage, time, route, frequency and many other technical issues of HUC-MSCs transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tan Li
- Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Department of Neurology , 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province 210008 , China +86 25 6818 2212 ; +86 25 8310 5208 ; ;
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Subramanian A, Fong CY, Biswas A, Bongso A. Comparative Characterization of Cells from the Various Compartments of the Human Umbilical Cord Shows that the Wharton's Jelly Compartment Provides the Best Source of Clinically Utilizable Mesenchymal Stem Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127992. [PMID: 26061052 PMCID: PMC4464659 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The human umbilical cord (UC) is an attractive source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with unique advantages over other MSC sources. They have been isolated from different compartments of the UC but there has been no rigorous comparison to identify the compartment with the best clinical utility. We compared the histology, fresh and cultured cell numbers, morphology, proliferation, viability, stemness characteristics and differentiation potential of cells from the amnion (AM), subamnion (SA), perivascular (PV), Wharton’s jelly (WJ) and mixed cord (MC) of five UCs. The WJ occupied the largest area in the UC from which 4.61 ± 0.57 x 106 /cm fresh cells could be isolated without culture compared to AM, SA, PV and MC that required culture. The WJ and PV had significantly lesser CD40+ non-stem cell contaminants (26-27%) compared to SA, AM and MC (51-70%). Cells from all compartments were proliferative, expressed the typical MSC-CD, HLA, and ESC markers, telomerase, had normal karyotypes and differentiated into adipocyte, chondrocyte and osteocyte lineages. The cells from WJ showed significantly greater CD24+ and CD108+ numbers and fluorescence intensities that discriminate between MSCs and non-stem cell mesenchymal cells, were negative for the fibroblast-specific and activating-proteins (FSP, FAP) and showed greater osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation potential compared to AM, SA, PV and MC. Cells from the WJ offer the best clinical utility as (i) they have less non-stem cell contaminants (ii) can be generated in large numbers with minimal culture avoiding changes in phenotype, (iii) their derivation is quick and easy to standardize, (iv) they are rich in stemness characteristics and (v) have high differentiation potential. Our results show that when isolating MSCs from the UC, the WJ should be the preferred compartment, and a standardized method of derivation must be used so as to make meaningful comparisons of data between research groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjunan Subramanian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Chui-Yee Fong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Arijit Biswas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Ariff Bongso
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
- * E-mail:
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Ohta N, Ishiguro S, Kawabata A, Uppalapati D, Pyle M, Troyer D, De S, Zhang Y, Becker KG, Tamura M. Human umbilical cord matrix mesenchymal stem cells suppress the growth of breast cancer by expression of tumor suppressor genes. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0123756. [PMID: 25942583 PMCID: PMC4420498 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Human and rat umbilical cord matrix mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSC) possess the ability to control the growth of breast carcinoma cells. Comparative analyses of two types of UCMSC suggest that rat UCMSC-dependent growth regulation is significantly stronger than that of human UCMSC. Their different tumoricidal abilities were clarified by analyzing gene expression profiles in the two types of UCMSC. Microarray analysis revealed differential gene expression between untreated naïve UCMSC and those co-cultured with species-matched breast carcinoma cells. The analyses screened 17 differentially expressed genes that are commonly detected in both human and rat UCMSC. The comparison between the two sets of gene expression profiles identified two tumor suppressor genes, adipose-differentiation related protein (ADRP) and follistatin (FST), that were specifically up-regulated in rat UCMSC, but down-regulated in human UCMSC when they were co-cultured with the corresponding species' breast carcinoma cells. Over-expression of FST, but not ADRP, in human UCMSC enhanced their ability to suppress the growth of MDA-231 cells. The growth of MDA-231 cells was also significantly lower when they were cultured in medium conditioned with FST, but not ADRP over-expressing human UCMSC. In the breast carcinoma lung metastasis model generated with MDA-231 cells, systemic treatment with FST-over-expressing human UCMSC significantly attenuated the tumor burden. These results suggest that FST may play an important role in exhibiting stronger tumoricidal ability in rat UCMSC than human UCMSC and also implies that human UCMSC can be transformed into stronger tumoricidal cells by enhancing tumor suppressor gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Ohta
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, 66506, United States of America
| | - Susumu Ishiguro
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, 66506, United States of America
| | - Atsushi Kawabata
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, 66506, United States of America
| | - Deepthi Uppalapati
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, 66506, United States of America
| | - Marla Pyle
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, 66506, United States of America
| | - Deryl Troyer
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, 66506, United States of America
| | - Supriyo De
- Gene Expression and Genomics Unit, NIH Biomedical Research Center, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD, 21224, United States of America
| | - Yongqing Zhang
- Gene Expression and Genomics Unit, NIH Biomedical Research Center, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD, 21224, United States of America
| | - Kevin G. Becker
- Gene Expression and Genomics Unit, NIH Biomedical Research Center, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD, 21224, United States of America
| | - Masaaki Tamura
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, 66506, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Wharton's jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells: future of regenerative medicine? Recent findings and clinical significance. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:430847. [PMID: 25861624 PMCID: PMC4377382 DOI: 10.1155/2015/430847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Around 5 million annual births in EU and 131 million worldwide give a unique opportunity to collect lifesaving Wharton's jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSC). Evidences that these cells possess therapeutic properties are constantly accumulating. Collection of WJ-MSC is done at the time of delivery and it is easy and devoid of side effects associated with collection of adult stem cells from bone marrow or adipose tissue. Likewise, their rate of proliferation, immune privileged status, lack of ethical concerns, nontumorigenic properties make them ideal for both autologous and allogeneic use in regenerative medicine applications. This review provides an outline of the recent findings related to WJ-MSC therapeutic effects and possible advantage they possess over MSC from other sources. Results of first clinical trials conducted to treat immune disorders are highlighted.
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Widowati W, Wijaya L, Murti H, Widyastuti H, Agustina D, Laksmitawati DR, Fauziah N, Sumitro SB, Widodo MA, Bachtiar I. Conditioned medium from normoxia (WJMSCs-norCM) and hypoxia-treated WJMSCs (WJMSCs-hypoCM) in inhibiting cancer cell proliferation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bgm.2014.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Ishiguro S, Yoshimura K, Tsunedomi R, Oka M, Takao S, Inui M, Kawabata A, Wall T, Magafa V, Cordopatis P, Tzakos AG, Tamura M. Involvement of angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R) signaling in human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC): a novel AT2R agonist effectively attenuates growth of PDAC grafts in mice. Cancer Biol Ther 2015; 16:307-16. [PMID: 25756513 PMCID: PMC4623015 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2014.1002357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Revised: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We have recently discovered the potential involvement of angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R) signaling in pancreatic cancer using AT2R deficient mice. To examine the involvement of AT2R expression in human PDAC, expressions of AT2R as well as the major angiotensin II receptor (type 1 receptor, AT1R) in human PDAC and adjacent normal tissue was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and real time PCR using surgically dissected human PDAC specimens. In immunohistochemical analysis, relatively strong AT1R expression was detected consistently in both normal pancreas and PDAC areas, whereas moderate AT2R expression was detected in 78.5% of PDAC specimens and 100% of normal area of the pancreas. AT1R, but not AT2R, mRNA levels were significantly higher in the PDAC area than in the normal pancreas. AT2R mRNA levels showed a negative correlation trend with overall survival. In cell cultures, treatment with a novel AT2R agonist significantly attenuated both murine and human PDAC cell growth with negligible cytotoxicity in normal epithelial cells. In a mouse study, administrations of the AT2R agonist in tumor surrounding connective tissue markedly attenuated growth of only AT2R expressing PAN02 murine PDAC grafts in syngeneic mice. The AT2R agonist treatment induced apoptosis primarily in tumor cells but not in stromal cells. Taken together, our findings offer clinical and preclinical evidence for the involvement of AT2R signaling in PDAC development and pinpoint that the novel AT2R agonist could serve as an effective therapeutic for PDAC treatment.
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Key Words
- AT1R, angiotensin II type 1 receptor
- AT2R, angiotensin II type 2 receptor
- Ad-, adenoviral vector
- Ang II, angiotensin II
- BSA, bovine serum albumin
- DMEM, Dulbecco`s modification of Eagle`s medium
- FBS, fetal bovine serum
- GFP, green fluorescent protein
- HBSS, Hanks’ balanced salt solution
- HIF-1, hypoxia inducible factor
- Ki, association constant
- PCR, polymerase chain reaction
- PDAC, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
- PI3K, phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase
- PLZF, promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger protein
- TUNEL, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling
- VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor
- angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R)
- apoptosis
- cGMP, cyclic guanosine monophosphate
- pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
- selective AT2R agonist
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MESH Headings
- Angiotensin II/pharmacology
- Animals
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/genetics
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Disease Models, Animal
- Gene Expression
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Mice
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/genetics
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/metabolism
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1/genetics
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1/metabolism
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2/agonists
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2/genetics
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Transplantation, Isogeneic
- Tumor Burden/drug effects
- Tumor Stem Cell Assay
- Pancreatic Neoplasms
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Affiliation(s)
- Susumu Ishiguro
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology; Kansas State University; Manhattan, KS USA
| | - Kiyoshi Yoshimura
- Department of Surgical Oncology (Surgery II); Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine; Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Ryouichi Tsunedomi
- Department of Surgical Oncology (Surgery II); Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine; Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Masaaki Oka
- Department of Surgical Oncology (Surgery II); Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine; Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Sonshin Takao
- Center for Biomedical Science and Swine Research; Kagoshima University; Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Makoto Inui
- Department of Pharmacology; Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine; Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kawabata
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology; Kansas State University; Manhattan, KS USA
| | - Terrahn Wall
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology; Kansas State University; Manhattan, KS USA
| | | | - Paul Cordopatis
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Patras; Patras, Greece
| | - Andreas G Tzakos
- Department of Chemistry; Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Ioannina; Ioannina, Greece
| | - Masaaki Tamura
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology; Kansas State University; Manhattan, KS USA
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45
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Weiss DJ. Concise review: current status of stem cells and regenerative medicine in lung biology and diseases. Stem Cells 2014; 32:16-25. [PMID: 23959715 DOI: 10.1002/stem.1506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Lung diseases remain a significant and devastating cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In contrast to many other major diseases, lung diseases notably chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPDs), including both asthma and emphysema, are increasing in prevalence and COPD is expected to become the third leading cause of disease mortality worldwide by 2020. New therapeutic options are desperately needed. A rapidly growing number of investigations of stem cells and cell therapies in lung biology and diseases as well as in ex vivo lung bioengineering have offered exciting new avenues for advancing knowledge of lung biology as well as providing novel potential therapeutic approaches for lung diseases. These initial observations have led to a growing exploration of endothelial progenitor cells and mesenchymal stem (stromal) cells in clinical trials of pulmonary hypertension and COPD with other clinical investigations planned. Ex vivo bioengineering of the trachea, larynx, diaphragm, and the lung itself with both biosynthetic constructs as well as decellularized tissues have been used to explore engineering both airway and vascular systems of the lung. Lung is thus a ripe organ for a variety of cell therapy and regenerative medicine approaches. Current state-of-the-art progress for each of the above areas will be presented as will discussion of current considerations for cell therapy-based clinical trials in lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Weiss
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont, USA
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Watson N, Divers R, Kedar R, Mehindru A, Mehindru A, Borlongan MC, Borlongan CV. Discarded Wharton jelly of the human umbilical cord: a viable source for mesenchymal stromal cells. Cytotherapy 2014; 17:18-24. [PMID: 25442786 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2014.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Revised: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are multi-potent cells that have the capability of differentiating into adipogenic, osteogenic, chondrogenic and neural cells. With these multiple capabilities, MSCs have been highly regarded as an effective transplantable cell source for regenerative medicine. A large bank of these cells can be found in several regions of the human umbilical cord, including the umbilical cord lining, the subendothelial layer, the perivascular zone and, most important, in Wharton jelly (WJ). These cells, all umbilical cord-derived MSCs, are durable, have large loading capacities and are considered ethical to harvest because the umbilical cord is often considered waste. These logistical advantages make WJ as appealing source of stem cells for transplant therapy. In particular, WJ is a predominantly good source of cells because MSCs in WJ are maintained in an early embryologic phase and therefore have retained some of the primitive stemness properties. WJ-MSCs can easily differentiate into a plethora of cell types leading to a variety of applications. In addition, WJ-MSCs are slightly easier to harvest compared with other MSCs (such as bone marrow-derived MSCs). The fascinating stemness properties and therapeutic potential of WJ-MSCs provide great promise in many aspects of regenerative medicine and should be considered for further investigations as safe and effective donor cells for transplantation therapy in many debilitating disorders, which are discussed here. We previously reviewed the therapeutic potential of WJ-MSCs and now provide an update on their recent preclinical and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nate Watson
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida
| | - Ryan Divers
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida
| | - Roshan Kedar
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida
| | - Ankur Mehindru
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida
| | - Anuj Mehindru
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida
| | - Mia C Borlongan
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida
| | - Cesar V Borlongan
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida.
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Liu R, Wei S, Chen J, Xu S. Mesenchymal stem cells in lung cancer tumor microenvironment: their biological properties, influence on tumor growth and therapeutic implications. Cancer Lett 2014; 353:145-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.07.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2014] [Revised: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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48
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Ruan ZB, Zhu L, Yin YG, Chen GC. Karyotype stability of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells during in vitro culture. Exp Ther Med 2014; 8:1508-1512. [PMID: 25289050 PMCID: PMC4186357 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2014.1977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate whether the chromosomes of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) change following in vitro culture for several generations. In the present study, umbilical cords from two healthy infants following cesarean delivery were collected aseptically and hUCMSCs were isolated by digestion with collagenase and trypsin, and then cultured in vitro. hUCMSCs with fibroblastic morphology were presented from the human umbilical cord tissue after 7 days of adherent culture. When cultured for 6 passages in vitro, the hUCMSCs maintained a stable spindle-shaped morphology. Cells reached the logarithmic growth phase after 3–4 days of culture. In addition, CD13, CD29, CD44, CD90 and CD105 were highly expressed in generations P3-P6. The expression of CD31, CD34, CD45 and HLA-DR was negative. Furthermore, karyotype analysis revealed a normal diploid karyotype with 46 chromosomes and no abnormal changes were found in chromosome structure. These findings suggest that when cultured for 6 passages in vitro, hUCMSCs maintain a stable immunophenotype and chromosome structure, which provides an experimental basis for the safety of hUCMSC cytotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Bao Ruan
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, P.R. China
| | - Li Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Gang Yin
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, P.R. China
| | - Ge-Cai Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, P.R. China
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Ethiraj P, Veerappan K, Doraisami B, Sivapatham S. Synergistic anti-carcinogenic effect of interferon-β with cisplatin on human breast adenocarcinoma MDA MB231 cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2014; 23:222-8. [PMID: 25158919 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2014.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2014] [Revised: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin is one of the most commonly used chemotherapeutic agents for breast cancer treatment. However, its efficacy is greatly limited by its toxic side effects. The present study investigated the synergistic effect of interferon β with cisplatin on MDA MB231 cells. The antiproliferative effect was measured by the 3-(4,5 dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The combination index (CI) was calculated using the method of Chou and Talalay. Cytotoxicity was determined by trypan blue and clonogenic assay. Genotoxic and cytostatic effects were studied using micronucleus assay and nuclear division index (NDI). Protein expression was analyzed using immunoblotting. Interferon β (100-2500 IU/mL) and Cisplatin (0.01-100 μM) had an inhibitory effect on the proliferation of cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner, with the IC50 values at 1500 IU/mL and 20 μM for interferon β and cisplatin, respectively. Western blot analysis revealed expression of interferon β binding receptor in MDA MB231 cells. More interestingly, synergistic, cytotoxic and genotoxic effects were observed after treatment with a combination of interferon β with reduced dosage of cisplatin. Decreased expression of Bcl-2 and increased expression of Bax stimulated the cytochrome c release, which triggers caspase-9 and -3 activation significantly increased in the combinational group. In conclusion the combination of interferon β with reduced dose of cisplatin results synergistically improved growth-inhibition and apoptosis-inducing effect on MDA MB231 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purushoth Ethiraj
- Department of Medical Research, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Karpagam Veerappan
- Department of Biochemistry, VRR Institute of Biomedical Science, Chennai-56, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Balakrishnan Doraisami
- Department of Medical Research, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sundaresan Sivapatham
- Department of Medical Research, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India.
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50
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Human umbilical cord perivascular cells exhibited enhanced migration capacity towards hepatocellular carcinoma in comparison with bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells: a role for autocrine motility factor receptor. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:837420. [PMID: 25147818 PMCID: PMC4132334 DOI: 10.1155/2014/837420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Unfortunately, the incidence and mortality associated with HCC are increasing. Therefore, new therapeutic strategies are urgently needed and the use of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) as carrier of therapeutic genes is emerging as a promising option. Different sources of MSCs are being studied for cell therapy and bone marrow-derived cells are the most extensively explored; however, birth associated-tissues represent a very promising source. The aim of this work was to compare the in vitro and in vivo migration capacity between bone marrow MSCs (BM-MSCs) and human umbilical cord perivascular cells (HUCPVCs) towards HCC. We observed that HUCPVCs presented higher in vitro and in vivo migration towards factors released by HCC. The expression of autocrine motility factor (AMF) receptor, genes related with the availability of the receptor on the cell surface (caveolin-1 and -2) and metalloproteinase 3, induced by the receptor activation and important for cell migration, was increased in HUCPVCs. The chemotactic response towards recombinant AMF was increased in HUCPVCs compared to BM-MSCs, and its inhibition in the conditioned medium from HCC induced higher decrease in HUCPVC migration than in BM-MSC. Our results indicate that HUCPVCs could be a useful cellular source to deliver therapeutic genes to HCC.
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