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Fontecha-Cámara MÁ, Delgado-Blanca I, Mañas-Villar M, Orriach-Fernández FJ, Soriano-Cuadrado B. Extraction and Depolymerization of Lignin from Different Agricultural and Forestry Wastes to Obtain Building Blocks in a Circular Economy Framework. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1981. [PMID: 39065298 PMCID: PMC11280865 DOI: 10.3390/polym16141981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Large amounts of agri-food waste are generated and discarded annually, but they have the potential to become highly profitable sources of value-added compounds. Many of these are lignin-rich residues. Lignin, one of the most abundant biopolymers in nature, offers numerous possibilities as a raw material or renewable resource for the production of chemical products. This study aims to explore the potential revalorization of agricultural by-products through the extraction of lignin and subsequent depolymerization. Different residues were studied; river cane, rice husks, broccoli stems, wheat straw, and olive stone are investigated (all local wastes that are typically incinerated). Traditional soda extraction, enhanced by ultrasound, is applied, comparing two different sonication methods. The extraction yields from different residues were as follows: river cane (28.21%), rice husks (24.27%), broccoli (6.48%), wheat straw (17.66%), and olive stones (24.29%). Once lignin is extracted, depolymerization is performed by three different methods: high-pressure reactor, ultrasound-assisted solvent depolymerization, and microwave solvolysis. As a result, a new microwave depolymerization method has been developed and patented, using for the first time graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) as new promising carbonaceous catalyst, achieving a 90.89% depolymerization rate of river cane lignin and yielding several building blocks, including guaiacol, vanillin, ferulic acid, or acetovanillone.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Belén Soriano-Cuadrado
- Andaltec, Plastic Technological Center, 23600 Martos, Spain; (M.Á.F.-C.); (I.D.-B.); (M.M.-V.); (F.J.O.-F.)
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Abd Manaf M, Harun S, Md. Jahim J, Sajab MS, Ibrahim Z. Synergistic sequential oxidative extraction for nanofibrillated cellulose isolated from oil palm empty fruit bunch. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299312. [PMID: 38843202 PMCID: PMC11156338 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
This research presents a comprehensive study of sequential oxidative extraction (SOE) consisting of alkaline and acidic oxidation processes to extract nanocellulose from plant biomass. This proposed process is advantageous as its operation requires a minimum process with mild solvents, and yet successfully isolated high-quality nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) from raw OPEFB. The SOE involved ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH, 2.6 M) and formic acid (HCOOH, 5.3 M) catalyzed by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, 3.2 M). This approach was used to efficiently solubilize the lignin and hemicellulose from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (OPEFB) at the temperature of 100°C and 1 h extraction time, which managed to retain fibrous NFC. The extracted solid and liquor at each stage were studied extensively through physiochemical analysis. The finding indicated that approximately 75.3%dwb of hemicellulose, 68.9%dwb of lignin, and 42.0%dwb of extractive were solubilized in the first SOE cycle, while the second SOE cycle resulted in 92.3%dwb, 99.6%dwb and 99.8%dwb of solubilized hemicellulose, lignin, and extractive/ash, respectively. High-quality NFC (75.52%dwb) was obtained for the final extracted solid with 76.4% crystallinity, which is near the crystallinity of standard commercial NFC. The proposed process possesses an effective synergy in producing NFC from raw OPEFB with less cellulose degradation, and most of the degraded hemicellulose and lignin are solubilized in the liquor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mastura Abd Manaf
- Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Research Centre for Sustainable Process Technology (CESPRO), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Shuhaida Harun
- Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Research Centre for Sustainable Process Technology (CESPRO), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
- Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Chemical Engineering Programme, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jamaliah Md. Jahim
- Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Research Centre for Sustainable Process Technology (CESPRO), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
- Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Chemical Engineering Programme, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Shaiful Sajab
- Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Research Centre for Sustainable Process Technology (CESPRO), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
- Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Chemical Engineering Programme, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zulkifli Ibrahim
- Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Technology, Electrical Engineering Technology Department, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia
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Sonyeam J, Chaipanya R, Suksomboon S, Khan MJ, Amatariyakul K, Wibowo A, Posoknistakul P, Charnnok B, Liu CG, Laosiripojana N, Sakdaronnarong C. Process design for acidic and alcohol based deep eutectic solvent pretreatment and high pressure homogenization of palm bunches for nanocellulose production. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7550. [PMID: 38555319 PMCID: PMC10981746 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57631-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
This research aimed to study on nanocellulose production from palm bunch using process design and cost analysis. Choline chloride based deep eutectic solvent pretreatment was selected for high-purity cellulose separation at mild condition, followed by nano-fibrillation using mechanical treatment. Three types of choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvents employing different hydrogen-bond donors (HBDs) namely lactic acid, 1,3-butanediol and oxalic acid were studied. The optimal cellulose extraction condition was choline chloride/lactic acid (ChLa80C) pretreatment of palm empty bunch at 80 °C followed by bleaching yielding 94.96%w/w cellulose content in product. Size reduction using ultrasonication and high-pressure homogenization produced nanocellulose at 67.12%w/w based on cellulose in raw material. Different morphologies of nanocellulose were tunable in the forms of nanocrystals, nano-rods and nanofibers by using dissimilar deep eutectic solvents. This work offered a sustainable and environmentally friendly process as well as provided analysis of DES pretreatment and overview operating cost for nanocellulose production. Application of nanocellulose for the fabrication of highly functional and biodegradable material for nanomedicine, electronic, optical, and micromechanical devices is achievable in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janejira Sonyeam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, 25/25 Putthamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Putthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Ratanaporn Chaipanya
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, 25/25 Putthamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Putthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Sudarat Suksomboon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, 25/25 Putthamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Putthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Mohd Jahir Khan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, 25/25 Putthamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Putthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Krongkarn Amatariyakul
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, 25/25 Putthamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Putthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Agung Wibowo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, 25/25 Putthamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Putthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Pattaraporn Posoknistakul
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, 25/25 Putthamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Putthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Boonya Charnnok
- Department of Specialized Engineering, Energy Technology Program, Faculty of Engineering, Prince of Songkla University, 15 Karnjanavanich Rd., Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Chen Guang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Navadol Laosiripojana
- The Joint Graduate School of Energy and Environment, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, 126 Pracha Uthit Road, Bang Mot, Thung Khru, Bangkok, 10140, Thailand
| | - Chularat Sakdaronnarong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, 25/25 Putthamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Putthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand.
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Sharma S, Malhotra PK, Goyal M, Sharma V, Mittal A, Yadav IS, Sanghera GS, Chhuneja P. Characterization of sugarcane mutants developed through gamma irradiations for their lignin content and caffeic acid-O-methyl transferase ( COMT) gene mutations. Int J Radiat Biol 2024; 100:619-626. [PMID: 38166242 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2023.2295962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Bagasse, the residue left after extracting juice from sugarcane stalks, is rich in lignocellulosic biomass. The lignin present in this plant biomass is the key factor that hinders the efficient extraction of ethanol from the bagasse. In the current study, γ-irradiated sugarcane mutants were evaluated for variation in lignin content and its corresponding caffeic acid-O-methyl transferase (COMT) gene. MATERIALS AND METHODS The acetyl bromide method was used to estimate lignin content in sugarcane mutants. PCR-based cloning of the COMT gene was performed in low lignin mutants as well as control plants in E. coli (strain DH5α) to understand the mechanism of variation at the molecular level. The Sanger sequencing for cloned gene was performed to check variation in gene sequence. RESULTS In comparison to the control (21.5%), the mutant plants' lignin content ranged from 13 to 28%. The Sanger sequencing revealed approximately the same length of the gene from mutants as well as a control plant. In comparison to the reference gene, the mutated gene showed SNPs and indels in different regions, which may have an impact on lignin content. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, γ-irradiated mutagenesis is an acceptable approach to develop novel mutants of sugarcane with low lignin content to enhance bioethanol production from waste material using bioprocess technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaweta Sharma
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Pawan Kumar Malhotra
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Meenakshi Goyal
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Vishal Sharma
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, India
| | - Amandeep Mittal
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Inderjit Singh Yadav
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | | | - Parveen Chhuneja
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
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Naggar AH, Dhmees A, Seaf-Elnasr TA, Chong KF, Ali GAM, Ali HM, Kh Alshamery RM, AlNahwa LHM, Bakr ASA. Eco-friendly and cost-effective adsorbent derived from blast furnace slag with black liquor waste for hazardous remediation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:3872-3886. [PMID: 38093080 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31453-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
The current investigation concerns with preparation eco-friendly and cost-effective adsorbent (mesoporous silica nanoparticles (SBL)) based on black liquor (BL) containing lignin derived from sugarcane bagasse and combining it with sodium silicate derived from blast furnace slag (BFS) for thorium adsorption. Thorium ions were adsorbed from an aqueous solution using the synthesized bio-sorbent (SBL), which was then assessed by X-ray diffraction, BET surface area analysis, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Th(IV) sorption properties, including the pH effect, uptake rate, and sorption isotherms across various temperatures were investigated. The maximum sorption capacity of Th(IV) on SBL is 158.88 mg/L at pH value of 4328 K, and 60 min contact time. We demonstrated that the adsorption processes comport well with pseudo-second-order and Langmuir adsorption models considering the kinetics and equilibrium data. According to thermodynamic inspections results, the Th(IV) adsorption process exhibited endothermic and random behavior suggested by positive ΔH° and ΔS° values, while the negative ΔG° values indicated a spontaneous sorption process. The maximum Th(IV) desorption from the loaded SBL (Th/SBL) was carried out at 0.25 M of NaHCO3 and 60 min of contact. Sorption/desorption processes have five successive cycles. Finally, this study suggests that the recycling of BFS and BL can be exploited for the procurement of a promising Th(IV) adsorbents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed H Naggar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts, Jouf University, Al-Qurayyat, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdelghaffar Dhmees
- Department of Analysis and Evaluation, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Nasr City, Cairo, 11727, Egypt
| | - Tarek A Seaf-Elnasr
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kwok Feng Chong
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, 26300, Gambang, Kuantan, Malaysia
| | - Gomaa A M Ali
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, 71524, Egypt
| | - Hazim M Ali
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Lubna H M AlNahwa
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Al-Sayed A Bakr
- Department of Analysis and Evaluation, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Nasr City, Cairo, 11727, Egypt
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6
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Patil H, Sudagar IP, Pandiselvam R, Sudha P, Boomiraj K. Development and characterization of rigid packaging material using cellulose/sugarcane bagasse and natural resins. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 246:125641. [PMID: 37394220 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Composites developed from cellulose and natural resins have received much attention due to their low cost and positive environmental impact. Knowledge of the mechanical and degradation characteristics of cellulose based composite boards is essential to obtain indications of the strength and degradability of the resulting rigid packaging material. The composite was prepared with sugarcane bagasse and hybrid resin (a combination of epoxy and natural resin such as dammar, pine, and cashew nut shell liquid) with the mixing ratios (Bagasse fibers: Epoxy resin: Natural resin) 1:1:1.5, 1:1:1.75, and 1:1:2 using compression moulding method. Tensile strength, young's modulus, flexural strength, soil burial weight loss, microbial degradation, and CO2 evolution was determined. Cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) resin-incorporated composite boards in the mixing ratio of 1:1:2 gave maximum flexural strength (5.10 MPa), tensile strength (3.10 MPa), and tensile modulus (0.97 MPa). The maximum degradation in soil burial test and CO2 evolution between the boards made using natural resin was found in the composite boards incorporated with CNSL resin with a mixing ratio of 1:1:1.5 were 8.30 % and 12.8 % respectively. The maximum weight loss percentage (3.49) in microbial degradation analysis was found in the composite board made using dammar resin in the mixing ratio of 1:1:1.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hrishikesh Patil
- Department of Food Process Engineering, Agricultural Engineering College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - I P Sudagar
- Department of Processing and Food Engineering, Agricultural Engineering College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Kumulur, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - R Pandiselvam
- Physiology, Biochemistry and Post-Harvest Technology Division, ICAR-Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kasaragod 671 124, Kerala, India.
| | - P Sudha
- Department of Food Process Engineering, Agricultural Engineering College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K Boomiraj
- Department of Agro Climate Research Center, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Cryo-Induced Cellulose-Based Nanogel from Elaeis guineensis for Antibiotic Delivery Platform. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021230. [PMID: 36674748 PMCID: PMC9866051 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cryo-induced hydrogel from cellulose is a new class of biomaterials for drug delivery, cell delivery, bone and skin tissue engineering for cell proliferation and regeneration applications. This research aimed to synthesize cryo-induced hydrogel from cellulose and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) produced from empty bunch's cell wall of Elaeis guineensis. First, the experiment was to produce cellulose-rich material using hot-compressed water extraction followed by alkaline delignification and bleaching with H2O2. The obtained bleached EFB cellulose was used as the substrate for CMC, and the optimal condition with the highest degree of carboxyl substitution (DS) of 0.75 was achieved when varying NaOH and monochloroacetic acid concentration as well as etherification temperature using fractional factorial design. For cryogelation study, hydrogels were synthesized from cellulose, CMC and beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD) by dissolving cellulose-based matrix in a NaOH/urea system, and the cellulose (CEL) solution was frozen spontaneously at -40 °C followed by high speed mixing to loosen cellulose fibrils. Epichlorohydrin (ECH) and Polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (PEGDE) were used as a cross-linker. First, the ratio of cellulose and CMC with different amounts of ECH was investigated, and subsequently the proper ratio was further studied by adding different crosslinkers and matrices, i.e., CMC and β-CD. From the result, the ECH crosslinked CMC-CEL (E-CMC-CEL) gel had the highest swelling properties of 5105% with the average pore size of lyophilized hydrogel of 300 µm. In addition, E-CMC-CEL gel had the highest loading and release capability of tetracycline in buffer solution at pH 7.4 and 3.2. At pH 7.4, tetracycline loading and release properties of E-CMC-CEL gel were 65.85 mg g-1 dry hydrogel and 46.48 mg g-1 dry hydrogel (70.6% cumulative release), respectively. However, at pH 3.2, the loading and release capabilities of Tetracycline were moderately lower at 16.25 mg g-1 dry hydrogel and 5.06 mg g-1 dry hydrogel, respectively. The findings presented that E-CMC-CEL hydrogel was a suitable material for antibiotic tetracycline drug carrying platform providing successful inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, respectively.
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Kutrakul N, Liu A, Ratchahat S, Posoknistakul P, Laosiripojana N, Wu KCW, Sakdaronnarong C. Highly selective catalytic conversion of raw sugar and sugarcane bagasse to lactic acid over YbCl3, ErCl3, and CeCl3 Lewis acid catalysts without alkaline in a hot-compressed water reaction system. Chem Eng Res Des 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2022.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Cassoni AC, Costa P, Vasconcelos MW, Pintado M. Systematic review on lignin valorization in the agro-food system: From sources to applications. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 317:115258. [PMID: 35751227 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass is the most abundant renewable resource on earth and currently most of this biomass is considered a low-value waste. Specifically, lignin is an underrated bioresource that is mostly burned for energy production and few value-added products have been created. Since the agro-food industry produces large amounts of wastes that can be potential sources of high-quality lignin, scientific efforts should be directed to this industry. Thus, this review provides a systematic overview of the trends and evolution of research on agro-food system-derived lignin (from 2010 to 2020), including the extraction of lignin from various agro-food sources and emergent applications of lignin in the agro-food chain. Crops with the highest average production/year (n = 26) were selected as potential lignin sources. The extraction process efficiency (yield) and lignin purity were used as indicators of the raw material potential. Overall, it is notable that research interest on agro-food lignin has increased exponentially over the years, both as source (567%) and application (128%). Wheat, sugarcane, and maize are the most studied sources and are the ones that render the highest lignin yields. As for the extraction methods used, alkaline and organosolv methods are the most employed (∼50%). The main reported applications are related to lignin incorporation in polymers (∼55%) and as antioxidant (∼24%). Studies on agro-food system-derived lignin is of most importance since there are numerous possible sources that are yet to be fully valorized and many promising applications that need to be further developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C Cassoni
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005, Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Costa
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marta W Vasconcelos
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005, Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuela Pintado
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005, Porto, Portugal.
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10
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Insights on the physico-chemical properties of alkali lignins from different agro-industrial residues and their use in phenol-formaldehyde wood adhesive formulation. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 221:149-162. [PMID: 36058399 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.08.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The current study investigates for the first time the physico-chemical performances of lignins from cactus waste seeds (CWS) and spent coffee (SC) in comparison to previously isolated lignins from sugar byproducts (bagasse (SCB) and beet pulp (SBP)). In this work, lignin-phenol formaldehyde (LPF) resins were formulated using various lignin loadings (5-30 wt%), characterized and applied in the manufacturing of plywood panels. Several characterization techniques were applied to identify the chemical and morphological properties, thermal stability, and phenolic content of the extracted lignins, as well as the bonding strength and wood failure of the formulated resins. Results showed that the CWS and SC could be considered as an important source for lignin recovery with a considerable yield of 15.46 % and 27.08 % and an important hydroxyl phenolic content of 1.26 mmol/g and 1.36 mmol/g for CWS and SC, respectively. Interestingly, 20 wt% of extracted lignins in PF adhesives were the optimal formulation showing an improved modulus of elasticity (MOE) of about 3505, 3536 and 3515 N/mm2, and a higher modulus of rupture (MOR) of about 55, 55 and 56 N/mm2 for panels containing CWS, SC and SCB-lignins, respectively, over the reference panels (MOE = 3198 N/mm2 and MOR = 48 N/mm2). Additionally, formaldehyde emission from plywood remarkably decreases by up to 20 % when lignin was incorporated into the PF matrix. Herein, the treatment of the CWS and SC for the extraction of alkali lignin and its application showed a new route to produce high added-value products from underused residues.
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11
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Velazquez‐Martinez V, Quintero‐Quiroz J, Rodriguez‐Uribe L, Valles‐Rosales DV, Reyes‐Jaquez D, Klasson T, Delgado E. Effect of glandless cottonseed meal protein and maltodextrin as microencapsulating agents on spray‐drying of sugarcane bagasse phenolic compounds. J Food Sci 2022; 87:750-763. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Victor Velazquez‐Martinez
- Industrial Engineering Department New Mexico State University Las Cruces New Mexico USA
- Family and Consumer Sciences Department New Mexico State University Las Cruces New Mexico USA
| | - Julian Quintero‐Quiroz
- Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Alimentarias Universidad de Antioquia Medellín Colombia
| | - Laura Rodriguez‐Uribe
- Plant and Environmental Sciences Department New Mexico State University Las Cruces New Mexico USA
| | | | - Damian Reyes‐Jaquez
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Tecnologico Nacional de Mexico – Instituto Tecnologico de Durango Durango Mexico
| | - Thomas Klasson
- USDA‐ARS, Commodity Utilization Research New Orleans Louisiana USA
| | - Efren Delgado
- Family and Consumer Sciences Department New Mexico State University Las Cruces New Mexico USA
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12
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Gupta S, Nadda AK, Gupta A, Singh J, Mulla SI, Sharma S. Transforming Wastes into High Value-Added Products: An Introduction. Biopolymers 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-98392-5_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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13
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Panyadee R, Saengsrichan A, Posoknistakul P, Laosiripojana N, Ratchahat S, Matsagar BM, Wu KCW, Sakdaronnarong C. Lignin-Derived Syringol and Acetosyringone from Palm Bunch Using Heterogeneous Oxidative Depolymerization over Mixed Metal Oxide Catalysts under Microwave Heating. Molecules 2021; 26:7444. [PMID: 34946525 PMCID: PMC8707958 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomass valorization to building block chemicals in food and pharmaceutical industries has tremendously gained attention. To produce monophenolic compounds from palm empty fruit bunch (EFB), EFB was subjected to alkaline hydrothermal extraction using NaOH or K2CO3 as a promotor. Subsequently, EFB-derived lignin was subjected to an oxidative depolymerization using Cu(II) and Fe(III) mixed metal oxides catalyst supported on γ-Al2O3 or SiO2 as the catalyst in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. The highest percentage of total phenolic compounds of 63.87 wt% was obtained from microwave-induced oxidative degradation of K2CO3 extracted lignin catalyzed by Cu-Fe/SiO2 catalyst. Main products from the aforementioned condition included 27.29 wt% of 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, 19.21 wt% of syringol, 9.36 wt% of acetosyringone, 3.69 wt% of acetovanillone, 2.16 wt% of syringaldehyde, and 2.16 wt% of vanillin. Although the total phenolic compound from Cu-Fe/Al2O3 catalyst was lower (49.52 wt%) compared with that from Cu-Fe/SiO2 catalyst (63.87 wt%), Cu-Fe/Al2O3 catalyst provided the greater selectivity of main two value-added products, syringol and acetosyrigone, at 54.64% and 23.65%, respectively (78.29% total selectivity of two products) from the NaOH extracted lignin. The findings suggested a promising method for syringol and acetosyringone production from the oxidative heterogeneous lignin depolymerization under low power intensity microwave heating within a short reaction time of 30 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rangsalid Panyadee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, 999 Putthamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Putthamonthon, Nakorn Pathom 73170, Thailand; (R.P.); (A.S.); (P.P.); (S.R.)
| | - Aphinan Saengsrichan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, 999 Putthamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Putthamonthon, Nakorn Pathom 73170, Thailand; (R.P.); (A.S.); (P.P.); (S.R.)
| | - Pattaraporn Posoknistakul
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, 999 Putthamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Putthamonthon, Nakorn Pathom 73170, Thailand; (R.P.); (A.S.); (P.P.); (S.R.)
| | - Navadol Laosiripojana
- The Joint Graduate School of Energy and Environment (JGSEE), King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, 126 Pracha Uthit Road, Bang Mot, Tungkru, Bangkok 10140, Thailand;
| | - Sakhon Ratchahat
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, 999 Putthamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Putthamonthon, Nakorn Pathom 73170, Thailand; (R.P.); (A.S.); (P.P.); (S.R.)
| | - Babasaheb M. Matsagar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No.1, Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road, Taipei City 10617, Taiwan; (B.M.M.); (K.C.-W.W.)
| | - Kevin C.-W. Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No.1, Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road, Taipei City 10617, Taiwan; (B.M.M.); (K.C.-W.W.)
- Center of Atomic Initiative for New Materials (AI-MAT), National Taiwan University, Taipei City 10617, Taiwan
- International Graduate Program of Molecular Science and Technology, National Taiwan University (NTU), Taipei City 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chularat Sakdaronnarong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, 999 Putthamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Putthamonthon, Nakorn Pathom 73170, Thailand; (R.P.); (A.S.); (P.P.); (S.R.)
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Otoni CG, Azeredo HMC, Mattos BD, Beaumont M, Correa DS, Rojas OJ. The Food-Materials Nexus: Next Generation Bioplastics and Advanced Materials from Agri-Food Residues. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2102520. [PMID: 34510571 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202102520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The most recent strategies available for upcycling agri-food losses and waste (FLW) into functional bioplastics and advanced materials are reviewed and the valorization of food residuals are put in perspective, adding to the water-food-energy nexus. Low value or underutilized biomass, biocolloids, water-soluble biopolymers, polymerizable monomers, and nutrients are introduced as feasible building blocks for biotechnological conversion into bioplastics. The latter are demonstrated for their incorporation in multifunctional packaging, biomedical devices, sensors, actuators, and energy conversion and storage devices, contributing to the valorization efforts within the future circular bioeconomy. Strategies are introduced to effectively synthesize, deconstruct and reassemble or engineer FLW-derived monomeric, polymeric, and colloidal building blocks. Multifunctional bioplastics are introduced considering the structural, chemical, physical as well as the accessibility of FLW precursors. Processing techniques are analyzed within the fields of polymer chemistry and physics. The prospects of FLW streams and biomass surplus, considering their availability, interactions with water and thermal stability, are critically discussed in a near-future scenario that is expected to lead to next-generation bioplastics and advanced materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caio G Otoni
- Department of Materials Engineering (DEMa), Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Rod. Washington Luiz, km 235, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Henriette M C Azeredo
- Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical, Rua Dra. Sara Mesquita 2270, Fortaleza, CE, 60511-110, Brazil
- Nanotechnology National Laboratory for Agriculture (LNNA), Embrapa Instrumentação, Rua XV de Novembro 1452, São Carlos, SP, 13560-970, Brazil
| | - Bruno D Mattos
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, Aalto, Espoo, FIN-00076, Finland
| | - Marco Beaumont
- Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Konrad-Lorenz-Str. 24, Tulln, A-3430, Austria
| | - Daniel S Correa
- Nanotechnology National Laboratory for Agriculture (LNNA), Embrapa Instrumentação, Rua XV de Novembro 1452, São Carlos, SP, 13560-970, Brazil
| | - Orlando J Rojas
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, Aalto, Espoo, FIN-00076, Finland
- Bioproducts Institute, Departments of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Chemistry and Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
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15
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Ventura-Cruz S, Tecante A. Nanocellulose and microcrystalline cellulose from agricultural waste: Review on isolation and application as reinforcement in polymeric matrices. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.106771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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16
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Stine JS, Harper BJ, Conner CG, Velev OD, Harper SL. In Vivo Toxicity Assessment of Chitosan-Coated Lignin Nanoparticles in Embryonic Zebrafish ( Danio rerio). NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:E111. [PMID: 33418857 PMCID: PMC7825063 DOI: 10.3390/nano11010111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Lignin is the second most abundant biopolymer on Earth after cellulose. Since lignin breaks down in the environment naturally, lignin nanoparticles may serve as biodegradable carriers of biocidal actives with minimal environmental footprint compared to conventional antimicrobial formulations. Here, a lignin nanoparticle (LNP) coated with chitosan was engineered. Previous studies show both lignin and chitosan to exhibit antimicrobial properties. Another study showed that adding a chitosan coating can improve the adsorption of LNPs to biological samples by electrostatic adherence to oppositely charged surfaces. Our objective was to determine if these engineered particles would elicit toxicological responses, utilizing embryonic zebrafish toxicity assays. Zebrafish were exposed to nanoparticles with an intact chorionic membrane and with the chorion enzymatically removed to allow for direct contact of particles with the developing embryo. Both mortality and sublethal endpoints were analyzed. Mortality rates were significantly greater for chitosan-coated LNPs (Ch-LNPs) compared to plain LNPs and control groups. Significant sublethal endpoints were observed in groups exposed to Ch-LNPs with chorionic membranes intact. Our study indicated that engineered Ch-LNP formulations at high concentrations were more toxic than plain LNPs. Further study is warranted to fully understand the mechanisms of Ch-LNP toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared S. Stine
- School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;
| | - Bryan J. Harper
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;
| | - Cathryn G. Conner
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; (C.G.C.); (O.D.V.)
| | - Orlin D. Velev
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; (C.G.C.); (O.D.V.)
| | - Stacey L. Harper
- School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;
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Adsorption performance and stability of the modified straws and their extracts of cellulose, lignin, and hemicellulose for Pb2+: pH effect. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2020.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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18
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Ranganathan S, Dutta S, Moses JA, Anandharamakrishnan C. Utilization of food waste streams for the production of biopolymers. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04891. [PMID: 32995604 PMCID: PMC7502569 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Uncontrolled decomposition of agro-industrial waste leads to extensive contamination of water, land, and air. There is a tremendous amount of waste from various sources which causes serious environmental problems. The concern in the disposal problems has stimulated research interest in the valorization of waste streams. Valorization of the wastes not only reduces the volume of waste but also reduces the contamination to the environment. Waste from food industries has great potential as primary or secondary feedstocks for biopolymer production by extraction or fermentation with pre-treatment or without pre-treatment by solid-state fermentation to obtain fermentable sugars. Various types of waste can be used as substrates for the production of biomaterials but recently more focus has been observed on the agro-industrial wastes which have a high rate of production worldwide. This review collates in detail the different food wastes used for biopolymer, technologies for the production and characterization of the biopolymers, and their economic/technical viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saranya Ranganathan
- Computational Modeling and Nanoscale Processing Unit, Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology (IIFPT), Ministry of Food Processing Industries, Government of India, Pudukkottai Road, Thanjavur 613005, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sayantani Dutta
- Computational Modeling and Nanoscale Processing Unit, Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology (IIFPT), Ministry of Food Processing Industries, Government of India, Pudukkottai Road, Thanjavur 613005, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - J A Moses
- Computational Modeling and Nanoscale Processing Unit, Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology (IIFPT), Ministry of Food Processing Industries, Government of India, Pudukkottai Road, Thanjavur 613005, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - C Anandharamakrishnan
- Computational Modeling and Nanoscale Processing Unit, Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology (IIFPT), Ministry of Food Processing Industries, Government of India, Pudukkottai Road, Thanjavur 613005, Tamil Nadu, India
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19
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Yu H, Wang J, Yu JX, Wang Y, Chi RA. Effects of surface modification on heavy metal adsorption performance and stability of peanut shell and its extracts of cellulose, lignin, and hemicellulose. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:26502-26510. [PMID: 32367241 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09055-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Effects of surface modification by carboxyl group on Pb2+ adsorption performances and stability of peanut shell and its extracts (cellulose, lignin, and hemicellulose) were investigated. Stability of the biosorbents was measured by determining organic compound release amount (TOC). Results showed that adsorption capacity of peanut shell and the extract was poor and stability of them was not good enough. Amount of organic compound released from the unmodified sorbents followed the order: cellulose > lignin > peanut shell > hemicellulose. Hemicellulose was the main organic compound release resource for the raw peanut shell. Due to the poor stability of the raw materials, peanut and its extract could not be used directly in the practical waste water treatment. After modification, adsorption capacity of peanut shell, cellulose, lignin, and hemicellulose increased by 4- to 6-folds. Stability of the modified sorbents also increased significantly, and TOC determined for the modified peanut shell, cellulose, and hemicellulose was lower than 4.0 mg L-1 in the optimum pH range from 4.0 to 6.0 even using for 30 days, which was lower than the drinking water standard in China. Modified peanut shell and its extract except for lignin could be used safely in pH ranged from 4.0 to 6.0. Surface modification could improve the adsorption performances and stability of the biosorbents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Yu
- Hubei Novel Reactor & Green Chemical Technology Key Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, No. 693 Xiongchu Avenue, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- Hubei Novel Reactor & Green Chemical Technology Key Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, No. 693 Xiongchu Avenue, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Xia Yu
- Hubei Novel Reactor & Green Chemical Technology Key Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, No. 693 Xiongchu Avenue, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yi Wang
- Hubei Novel Reactor & Green Chemical Technology Key Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, No. 693 Xiongchu Avenue, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Ru-An Chi
- Hubei Novel Reactor & Green Chemical Technology Key Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, No. 693 Xiongchu Avenue, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, People's Republic of China
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20
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Pristijono P, Bowyer MC, Papoutsis K, Scarlett CJ, Vuong QV, Stathopoulos CE, Golding JB. Improving the storage quality of Tahitian limes ( Citrus latifolia) by pre-storage UV-C irradiation. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2019; 56:1438-1444. [PMID: 30956323 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-019-03623-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
UV-C (180-280 nm) has been shown to extend the postharvest shelf-life of many horticulture crops. In this study, Tahitian limes (Citrus latifolia) were exposed to 0, 3.4, 7.2 and 10.5 kJ m-2 UV-C then stored for 28 days in air at 10 °C and 80% RH. Weight loss, peel colour, calyx abscission, ethylene production, respiration rate, total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA) and acceptability index were assessed. The results showed that UV-C treatment maintained lime peel green colour and retained calyx attachment after 28 days storage. UV-C treatment also affected endogenous ethylene production and respiration rate, where the highest UV-C treatment (10.5 kJ m-2) maintained low ethylene production and low respiration rates after 28 days storage with no differences between the different UV-C intensities. In terms of fruit acceptability, limes were exposed to 10.5 kJ m-2 UV-C had a 60% acceptability index after 28 days storage, while untreated control fruit retained acceptability of 39%. In general, the pre-storage UV-C treatments did not affect fruit weight loss, TSS or TA contents during storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penta Pristijono
- 1School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, PO Box 127, Ourimbah, NSW 2258 Australia
| | - Michael C Bowyer
- 1School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, PO Box 127, Ourimbah, NSW 2258 Australia
| | - Konstantinos Papoutsis
- 1School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, PO Box 127, Ourimbah, NSW 2258 Australia
| | - Christopher J Scarlett
- 1School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, PO Box 127, Ourimbah, NSW 2258 Australia
| | - Quan V Vuong
- 1School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, PO Box 127, Ourimbah, NSW 2258 Australia
| | - Costas E Stathopoulos
- 2School of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of Abertay, Dundee, DD1 1HG UK
| | - John B Golding
- 1School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, PO Box 127, Ourimbah, NSW 2258 Australia.,3NSW Department of Primary Industries, Ourimbah, NSW 2258 Australia
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Panzella L, Napolitano A. Natural Phenol Polymers: Recent Advances in Food and Health Applications. Antioxidants (Basel) 2017; 6:E30. [PMID: 28420078 PMCID: PMC5488010 DOI: 10.3390/antiox6020030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural phenol polymers are widely represented in nature and include a variety of classes including tannins and lignins as the most prominent. Largely consumed foods are rich sources of phenol polymers, notably black foods traditionally used in East Asia, but other non-edible, easily accessible sources, e.g., seaweeds and wood, have been considered with increasing interest together with waste materials from agro-based industries, primarily grape pomace and other byproducts of fruit and coffee processing. Not in all cases were the main structural components of these materials identified because of their highly heterogeneous nature. The great beneficial effects of natural phenol-based polymers on human health and their potential in improving the quality of food were largely explored, and this review critically addresses the most interesting and innovative reports in the field of nutrition and biomedicine that have appeared in the last five years. Several in vivo human and animal trials supported the proposed use of these materials as food supplements and for amelioration of the health and production of livestock. Biocompatible and stable functional polymers prepared by peroxidase-catalyzed polymerization of natural phenols, as well as natural phenol polymers were exploited as conventional and green plastic additives in smart packaging and food-spoilage prevention applications. The potential of natural phenol polymers in regenerative biomedicine as additives of biomaterials to promote growth and differentiation of osteoblasts is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Panzella
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Cintia 4, Naples I-80126, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Napolitano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Cintia 4, Naples I-80126, Italy.
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22
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Carvajal JC, Gómez Á, Cardona CA. Comparison of lignin extraction processes: Economic and environmental assessment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 214:468-476. [PMID: 27174614 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.04.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents the technical-economic and environmental assessment of four lignin extraction processes from two different raw materials (sugarcane bagasse and rice husks). The processes are divided into two categories, the first processes evaluates lignin extraction with prior acid hydrolysis step, while in the second case the extraction processes are evaluated standalone for a total analysis of 16 scenarios. Profitability indicators as the net present value (NPV) and environmental indicators as the potential environmental impact (PEI) are used through a process engineering approach to understand and select the best lignin extraction process. The results show that both economically and environmentally process with sulfites and soda from rice husk presents the best results; however the quality of lignin obtained with sulfites is not suitable for high value-added products. Then, the soda is an interesting option for the extraction of lignin if high quality lignin is required for high value-added products at low costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan C Carvajal
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Agroindustria, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional de Colombia sede Manizales, Km 9 Vía al Aeropuerto la Nubia, Manizales, Colombia
| | - Álvaro Gómez
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Agroindustria, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional de Colombia sede Manizales, Km 9 Vía al Aeropuerto la Nubia, Manizales, Colombia
| | - Carlos A Cardona
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Agroindustria, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional de Colombia sede Manizales, Km 9 Vía al Aeropuerto la Nubia, Manizales, Colombia.
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Mixture Design Approach on the Physical Properties of Lignin-Resorcinol-Formaldehyde Xerogels. INT J POLYM SCI 2015. [DOI: 10.1155/2015/272851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic xerogels were functionalized by incorporating sugarcane bagasse lignin from soda pulping black liquor, not used so far in this materials, with the aim of introducing new functional groups on traditional gels that could improve its adsorptive capacity. Two mixing designs were applied to identify the reactive combinations that allow a well gel formation and to adjust models that predict physical properties. The designs study five components: resorcinol (R, 0.04–0.3), lignin (L, 0.004–0.14), formaldehyde (F, 0.08–0.17), water (W, 0.45–0.8), and NaOH (C, 0.0003–0.0035). The first experimental design was an extreme vertices design and its results showed shrinkage between 4.3 and 59.7 and a bulk density from 0.54 to 1.3; a mass ratioLR/Fnear 1.5 was required for gel formation. In the second design a D-Optimal was used to achieve better adjusted coefficients and incorporate the largest possible amount of lignin in the gels. Bulk density varies from 0.42 to 0.9, shrinkage varies from 3.42 to 25.35, and specific surface area reaches values of 451.86 m2/g with 13% lignin and 270 m2/g with 27% lignin. High catalyst content improves lignin dissolution and increase shrinkage and bulk density of xerogels and bulk density. Lignin contributes to reducing shrinkage and specific surface area due to his compact and rigid structure.
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